Punjab-Haryana High Court
Rajesh Kumar vs State Of Haryana on 15 September, 2014
Author: Surinder Gupta
Bench: Rajive Bhalla, Surinder Gupta
CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -1-
IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA
AT CHANDIGARH.
Crl. Appeal-D No.788-DB of 2002 (O&M)
Date of Decision: September 15, 2014.
Rajesh
..........APPELLANT(s).
VERSUS
The State of Haryana
........RESPONDENT(s).
CORAM:- HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE RAJIVE BHALLA
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SURINDER GUPTA
Argued by: Mr. Tarundeep Kumar, Advocate
(Amicus-Curiae) for the appellant (s).
Mr. Baldev Singh, Addl.A.G. Haryana.
*******
SURINDER GUPTA, J.
Rajesh Kumar, appellant faced trial for offence punishable under Section 302 Indian Penal Code (for short 'IPC') for the murder of his wife Savita on 22.10.1997 and was convicted and sentenced as follows:-
Convicted for the offence Sentence
punishable under Section Rigorous Imprisonment Fine
302 IPC For life `5000 in default of payment
of fine to further undergo
rigorous imprisonment for
six months.
25 Arms Act One year `500 in default of payment
of fine to further undergo
rigorous imprisonment for
one month.
In the instant appeal, the appellant impugns the judgment of the SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -2- trial Court dated 23.08.2002 and the order of sentence dated 24.08.2002. Brief Facts:-
On 22.10.1997 SI/SHO Prem Singh was present with his police party at Ram Lal crossing, Panipat where he received a message about receipt of dead body of Savita wife of appellant in General Hospital, Panipat.
On receipt of information, he along with other police officials reached House No.660-R, Model Town, Panipat, the place of occurrence where the deceased was residing with her husband as tenant. There he met complainant Monika wife of Avinash Verma who got recorded her statement (Ex.PD) stating therein that at about 12.00 noon, she was present in her house. Appellant Rajesh was a tenant in the front room of her house and his brother Ramesh was also living with him. She heard a shriek and came out. She found Sugia Devi wife of Hit Narain Prasad, an employee in Annapurna Factory, Panipat standing at the gate of her house. While talking to her, she heard the voice of Savita (later referred to as the deceased) wife of appellant, "Aunty, save me, my husband has stabbed me". On hearing her shriek 2/3 times, she along with Sugia Devi went towards the door of her room and found that the deceased was lying on the floor with both her hands on her belly. The blood was oozing out. On enquiry, the deceased told that her husband had caused her injuries. She had brought her husband from Amritsar to Panipat with a view to reform him as he was not doing any work. He had dispute with her twice on this score. The complainant called her husband on telephone who took the deceased to Civil Hospital, Panipat in Ambulance of Narayan Dutt Hospital, where the deceased was declared brought dead.SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38
On the statement of complainant Monika, Sub Inspector Prem I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -3- Singh made endorsement Ex.PD/2 and sent it for registration of FIR, whereupon formal FIR Ex.PD/1 was registered. After recording the statement of complainant, he inspected the place of occurrence and got it photographed. The blood stained bed-sheet, pillow cover and chunni found at the spot, were put in a parcel, sealed and were taken into possession vide recovery memo Ex.PQ. A separate parcel of wrist watch, handkerchief and one kara (artificial) stained with blood found at the spot of incident, was prepared and taken into possession vide recovery memo Ex.PQ/1. The blood lying on the floor was taken on cotton swabs, put in a plastic box, sealed and taken in possession vide recovery memo Ex.PQ/3. Rough site plan of the place of occurrence Ex.PR with marginal notes, was prepared. After the inquest report (Ex.PM/2), application Ex.PM/1 was sent to the hospital for post-mortem examination of the dead body of deceased.
Dr. Tejinder Kharbanda Medical Officer, PW8 who conducted the post-mortem, found the following injuries on the person of the deceased:-
(1) An incised wound of 2 ½ X ½ Inch. It was
abdomen deep, Horizontally placed on the right
hypochondrium and it was 3 ½ inch above the
umbilicus and blood clots were also present and
intestine coming out.
On further exploration wound direction was noticed upward on the right side. It was tearing the peritoneum and gut and right lob liver. Peritoneum cavity was full of blood.
(2) An incised wound of 2 cm x .5 cm. It was skin deep on the lateral aspect of right hip. Clotted blood was also present.SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38
(3) An incised wound of 2.5 cm x .5 cm, skin deep on I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -4- the left thigh on the medial aspect. Clotted blood was present.
(4) Four incised wounds of size 3 cm x 1 cm and breadth was 0.5 cm they were skin deep on the posterior aspect of left fore-arm on the upper part. Clotted blood was present.
(5) An incised wound 2 cm x .5 cm on the webs of middle and ring finger on the dorsal aspect of right hand.
(6) Incised wound of 2" x 1/4" x 1 cm deep on the lateral aspect of the middle of right arm. Clotted blood was present.
After post-mortem examination, Dr. Tejinder Singh (PW8) gave an opinion regarding the cause of death and duration when the injuries were caused, as follows:-
"The cause of death in our opinion was injury to the vital organs that was liver, gut and vessels leading to excessive loss of blood leading to shock and ultimate death. All the injuries were ante-mortem in nature and they were sufficient to cause death in the natural course of life. The probable duration between injury and death was within few hours."
The appellant was in custody in another case for offence punishable under Section 307 IPC with Police Station Model Town, Panipat on 13.11.1997, when he was taken into custody in this case by DSP Bijender Singh PW7 who was posted as Inspector, CIA Staff, Panipat at the relevant time. On the basis of disclosure statement of appellant (Ex.PH), one knife lying concealed in a tin-box underneath the clothes, his blood stained shirt and trouser were recovered. These were put in a parcel, sealed and taken SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -5- into possession, vide recovery memo Ex.PK. Rough sketch of knife Ex.PJ was prepared.
The knife used to cause the injuries to the deceased was also produced before Dr. Tejinder Kharbanda (PW8) with application Ex.PN and after examination of the knife, the doctor gave his opinion (Ex.PN/1) that the causing of injuries on the person of deceased with the said knife could not be ruled out. The knife before examination was in sealed cover which after examination, was again put in parcel, sealed and handed over to the police.
After completion of investigation, final report under Section 173 (2) Code of Criminal Procedure (for short 'Cr.P.C.') was prepared and presented before the Court. Copies of final report and connected documents were supplied to the appellant. Finding a prima facie case for offences punishable under Sections 302 IPC and 25 Arms Act, the appellant was charge-sheeted accordingly, to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.
In support of its case, the prosecution examined PW1 Constable Jagbir Singh, a trained draftsman, who had prepared scaled site plan of the place of occurrence Ex.PC. ASI Chamela Ram, who on receipt of ruqa Ex.PD had recorded formal FIR Ex.PD/1 appeared as PW2. The affidavits of formal witnesses Ex.PA, Ex.PB, Ex.PE and Ex.PF were tendered in evidence. Dalbir Singh, Photographer who had gone to the spot and taken the photographs Ex.P1 and Ex.P2, was examined as PW3.
Complainant Monika appeared as PW4 but did not support the prosecution case and was declared hostile. Sugia Devi, another witness appeared as PW5. She also did not support the prosecution case and was SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 declared hostile.
I attest to the accuracy andintegrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -6-
Head Constable Ghansham Dass appeared as PW6 and deposed that on the relevant day, he was posted at Police Station Model Town, Panipat and was present at Ram Lal Chowk crossing in connection with his duty. On receipt of information that the deceased had been stabbed by her husband, he came to the spot where the deceased was crying and was lying on the floor. Her intestines were coming out. In the meantime, landlord came there and took the said lady to Civil Hospital in ambulance. The deceased disclosed to him that her husband Rajesh Talwar had stabbed her. He had also gone to House No.246-R Model Town, the house of a relative of deceased to give information of the incident but did not find anybody there. The deceased herself had asked him to go to her relative Rajesh to give the information. When he returned to the spot, Sub Inspector Prem Singh Investigating Officer of this case had already reached there.
DSP Bijender Singh who had conducted part investigating of the case while he was posted as Inspector, CIA Staff, Panipat appeared as PW7. PW8 Dr. Tejinder Kharbanda had conducted the post-mortem examination on the dead body of the deceased. Investigating Officer Inspector Prem Singh appeared as PW9. Prosecution closed its evidence after tendering the report of Forensic Science Laboratory Ex.PT and Ex.PT/1.
In his statement under Section 313 Cr.P.C., the appellant denied the incriminating evidence appearing against him and stated in his defence as follows:-
"I am innocent. I have been falsely implicated in this case. On the day of occurrence, I was present at my shop of Garments situated at Chowk No.100, Model Town, SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -7- Panipat and after learning about the incident I came to my house and found my wife lying in an injured condition and then shifted her to Civil Hospital, Panipat, where she succumbed to her injuries. In this process, my clothes got blood stains which were taken into possession by the police on the same day. It was a blind murder."
We have heard learned counsel for the appellant, learned State counsel and have gone through the trial Court record and paper book with their assistance.
Learned Amicus-Curiae appearing for the appellant has argued that in this case, the star witness of the prosecution PW4 Monika, the complainant and Sugia Devi PW5 have resiled and did not support the prosecution version. Complainant Monika while appearing as PW4 has stated that she was not present at her house at the time of the incident. She returned home at about 3.30/4.00 P.M. and came to know that someone had stabbed the deceased. Sugia Devi, the other star witness of the prosecution has stated that she had gone to the market along with Monika Verma and came to know of the incident on return from the market. Learned counsel for the appellant further submits that there was no eyewitness to the occurrence. The prosecution was left with the only material witness PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass, who was on duty at Ram Lal Crossing, Model Town, Panipat. He has stated that on receipt of information, he reached the spot. The landlord had taken the deceased to the hospital. The deceased had disclosed to him that her husband Rajesh Talwar had stabbed her. The statement of this witness is not reliable as he had neither sent any ruqa or information to the police station about the incident, nor recorded the SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -8- statement of the deceased. The oral dying declaration alleged to have been made before him by the deceased is not credible or reliable. The Investigating Officer has tried to connect the appellant with the incident by effecting the recovery of knife and blood stained clothes of appellant on the basis of his disclosure statement. The appellant has come up with specific version about the incident. He has stated that on receipt of information about the causing of injuries to his wife, he reached his house and found his wife lying in injured condition. He shifted her to Civil Hospital, Panipat where she succumbed to the injuries. In this process, his clothes got blood stained and were taken into possession by the police on the day of occurrence. The trial Court has committed a grave error of law while relying on the testimony of PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass. In the absence of any credible evidence in support of the case of the prosecution, the appellant is entitled to acquittal.
Learned State counsel has argued that complainant Monika has though resiled from her statement Ex.PD but has stated that this statement bears her signature. Her mere saying that the police had obtained her signatures but she did not make this statement, carries no weight, as between her statement recorded on 27.10.1997 and 09.10.2001 when her statement was recorded in the trial Court, she has nowhere reported about obtaining of her signature on a statement which she never made before the police and recording of FIR on the basis of that statement. Head Constable Ghansham Dass PW6 was not in the police party of investigating officer. He had reached the spot on receipt of information about the incident and then on the SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 asking of the deceased, had gone to House No.246-R, Model Town, Panipat I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -9- to intimate her relative about the incident but returned as there was none present at the house at that time. Before his return to the spot, police had already reached there. It is evident from the statement of this witness that deceased was conscious and capable of talking with Head Constable Ghansham Dass PW6, who had reached the spot. It was on her asking that he had gone to intimate her relative residing in Model Town, Panipat about the incident. The deceased had disclosed the address of her relative to PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass. The oral statement made by the deceased that her husband Rajesh Talwar stabbed her is admissible in evidence as her dying declaration. The police has recovered the blood stained clothes of the appellant which further corroborate the statement of Head Constable Ghansham Dass PW6. The defence version of the appellant that he had taken his wife to hospital, do not find support from the hospital record, which find no mention that the appellant had accompanied the dead body of his wife. In case, the appellant had accompanied the dead body of his wife, his name would have been recorded in the hospital record as the person who brought the dead body to hospital. In the inquest report Ex.PM/2, the name of two persons who identified the dead body of the deceased are mentioned as Ramesh Kumar and Rakesh Kumar sons of Sudarshan Kumar (brothers of appellant). The documents prepared by hospital authorities or police rule out the presence of appellant at the spot either at the time, the police reached there or when dead body of his wife reached hospital. If the husband, who is the closest relative was present, hospital authorities usually avoid taking identification of dead body from some other person. The appellant never SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 reported the incident to the police, which further belies his defence version. I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -10- Being husband, it was his primary duty to report to the police about the causing of injury to his wife by some unidentified assailant(s).
We have carefully considered the respective submissions of learned counsel for the appellant and learned State counsel.
Complainant Monika on whose statement Ex.PD, the FIR was registered, appeared as PW4 and has not supported the prosecution version. She has stated that on the date of incident, she along with Sugia Devi had gone to Market and returned at about 3.00/4.00 P.M. and came to know that the deceased had been taken to the hospital where she died. She has, however, admitted her signature on her statement Ex.PD but when confronted with that statement, she did not support the same. Sugia Devi PW5 has also resiled from her statement to the police and turned hostile.
Head Constable Ghansham Dass PW6, at the relevant time, was posted at Police Station Model Town, Panipat. On that day, he was present in connection with his duty at Ram Lal Crossing, Model Town, Panipat. On receipt of information that one woman had been stabbed by her husband, he reached house No.660-R, Model Town, Panipat where the deceased was living with her husband. On reaching the spot, he found that a lady was crying and lying on the floor. Her intestines were coming out. The landlord in the meantime came there and took the lady to Civil Hospital, Panipat in an ambulance. The injured gave him the address of her relative Rajesh residing at House No.246-R, Model Town, Panipat. The injured had disclosed him that her husband Rajesh Talwar had stabbed her. He has stated that when he reached house No.660-R, two ladies Monika Verma and Sugia Devi were SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 present there. Monika had already given a telephone call to her husband I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -11- who reached there in 10/15 minutes of his arrival. When deceased was being shifted to hospital, he left and went to house No.246-R of Rajesh in order to inform him of the incident after closing the door of the room where the incident took place. After none of the relative of deceased was found at house No.246-R, he again came to the spot where Sub Inspector Prem Singh, SHO, Police Station Model Town had already reached.
This witness was not part of the team of investigating officer. He had reached the spot on receipt of information and did the preliminary work of taking care of the injured till she was shifted to the hospital and then informing her relative about the incident. It is apparent that police had also received the information and the Investigating Officer Sub Inspector Prem Singh SHO, Police Station Model Town, Panipat had reached the spot. A Constable had also reached the hospital, where the injured was taken and completed the formalities of handing over the dead body to hospital authorities. As per the post-mortem report Ex.PM, the name of Constable Randhir Singh is mentioned in the column of person who brought the dead body to hospital and it was identified by Rakesh Kumar and Ramesh Kumar sons of Sudarshan Kumar. The submission of learned State counsel that the appellant is Rajesh Kumar son of Sudarshan Kumar and appear to be brother of above referred Rakesh Kumar and Ramesh Kumar, has substance.
From the above evidence, this fact is clearly made out that when PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass reached the spot, the deceased was lying in injured condition but was conscious. She had not only disclosed as to who had caused her the injuries but had also given the address of her SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 relative and requested Head Constable Ghansham Dass to inform them. I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -12- Perusal of the post-mortem report belies the defence version that the appellant on receipt of information had gone to his house and took his wife to the hospital. In case, the appellant had accompanied his wife, his name would have been mentioned in the record of hospital as the person who brought the deceased to the hospital and as the person who identified the dead body. The fact that the name of the appellant finds no mention in the hospital record, goes on to prove that he had not taken his wife to the hospital. The dead body was received in the hospital through police and the name of Constable Randhir Singh is mentioned as the person who brought the dead body to the hospital, which was identified by Ramesh Kumar and Rakesh. Another proof of the appellant not accompanying his wife is that after post-mortem examination, the dead body of his wife was not handed over to him. He had not reported the matter to the police regarding assault on his wife by unidentified person(s). In the event of incident of causing of injury to the deceased had taken place, as per the defence version, the appellant would have immediately rushed to the police to report the matter and taken her to the hospital. The appellant was named as accused in the FIR. It is not believable that police had taken his blood stained clothes in possession on the day of occurrence but had not arrested him. The appellant was arrested in this case on 13.11.1997 after about 20 days of the occurrence. On that day, he was in custody in an another case for offence registered under Section 307 IPC at Police Station Model Town, Panipat and was also arrested in this case. The above facts and circumstances prove beyond a shadow of doubt that the appellant did not take his wife to hospital. He has SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 failed to explain the blood stains on his clothes. This lend credence to the I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -13- testimony of PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass about the oral dying declaration by the deceased that appellant had stabbed her.
Here, the question arises regarding the admissibility and credibility of the testimony of PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass. In the facts and circumstances of this case as discussed above, his statement is credible, trustworthy and reliable as testimony of an independent witness. He had rushed to the spot on receipt of information regarding the injuries caused to the deceased by her husband. Deceased had herself narrated him that her husband Rajesh Talwar had stabbed her. The statement of the deceased before this witness is admissible being oral dying declaration. In case State of Himachal Pradesh Vs. Rakesh Kumar 2009(6) Supreme Court Cases 308, the deceased after being stabbed came running inside the house and named the accused for stabbing him in the chest. While evaluating statement of deceased, Hon'ble Supreme Court observed:-
"15. xxx. The aforesaid statement of the deceased which was relied upon by Gagnesh Kaushal (PW-1), Sanjiv Rana (PW-2) and Yash Pal (PW-3) was in the nature of a dying declaration made to them. There is no reason why the said statement cannot be taken into consideration as a relevant fact. There is also no reason as to why the deceased would falsely implicate the accused to save the real assailant."
Regarding solemnity and sanctity of the dying declaration, Hon'ble Supreme Court in Dayal Singh Vs. State of Maharashtra (2007)12 Supreme Court Cases 452, observed as follows:-
"14. The law regarding the dying declaration and the SACHIN MEHTA value which is to be attached to it has been examined in 2014.09.24 15:38 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -14- considerable detail in State of Karnataka v. Shariff (2003) 2 SCC 473, by a Bench of which one of us was a member and paragraphs 18, 19, 20, 22 and 23 of the decision are being reproduced below :-
18. The earliest case in which the law on the point of dying declaration was considered in detail by this Court is Khushal Rao v. State of Bombay AIR 1958 SC 22. The Court ruled that it cannot be laid down as an absolute rule of law that a dying declaration cannot form the sole basis of conviction unless it is corroborated; each case must be determined on its own facts keeping in view the circumstances in which the dying declaration was made; it cannot be laid down as a general proposition that a dying declaration is a weaker kind of evidence than other pieces of evidence; a dying declaration stands on the same footing as another piece of evidence and has to be judged in the light of surrounding circumstances and with reference to the principles governing the weighing of evidence. It has been further held that in order to pass the test of reliability, a dying declaration has to be subjected to a very close scrutiny, keeping in view the fact that the statement has been made in the absence of the accused who had no opportunity of testing the veracity of the statement by cross-examination. But once the Court has come to the conclusion that the dying declaration was the truthful version as to the circumstances of the death and the assailants of the victim, there is no question of further corroboration."
In case Kulwant Singh and others Vs. State of Punjab (2004)9 Supreme Court Cases 257, Hon'ble Supreme Court observed as follows:-
"In Ramawati Devi vs. State of Bihar AIR 1983 SC 164, SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 this Court observed :I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -15-
....A statement, written or oral, made by a person who is dead as to the cause of his death or as to any of the circumstances of the transaction which resulted in his death, in case in which the cause of that person's death comes into question, becomes admissible under section 32 of the Evidence Act. Such statement made by the deceased is commonly termed as dying declaration. There is no requirement of law that such a statement must necessarily be made to a Magistrate. What evidentiary value or weight has to be attached to such statement must necessarily depend on the facts and circumstances of each particular case. In a proper case, it may be permissible to convict a person only on the basis of a dying declaration in the light of the facts and circumstances of the case."
The vital question, which arises while relying on the dying declaration whether oral or in writing, is whether the same is credible. The facts and circumstances of this case indicate that the version of the appellant that he reached home on receipt of the information regarding the stabbing of his wife, is proved to be false. The recovery of his blood stained clothes is not disputed. He has not been able to explain as to how his clothes got blood stained when he had not taken his wife to hospital. This rather corroborates the dying declaration of the deceased. She had absolutely no reason to falsely implicate her husband for the injuries caused to her. PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass is a neutral person despite being a police official and has no reason to falsely implicate the appellant.
Though Monika and Sugia Devi, both have resiled from their statements while appearing as PW4 and PW5 respectively but Head Constable Ghansham PW6 stated that when he reached the spot, he found SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -16- two ladies Monika and Sugia present there and later on landlord came to the spot and took deceased to the civil hospital in ambulance. This suggest the presence of the complainant and Sugia Devi on the spot. The statement of PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass that the deceased was conscious when he reached the spot and made oral dying declaration to him and also gave him the address of her relative with the request to inform them, has gone unshattered in the cross-examination and can be safely relied upon.
In view of our discussion above, we find that despite the complainant and other eyewitness turning hostile, the prosecution has been able to prove charges framed against the appellant. Statement of PW6 Head Constable Ghansham Dass, which finds further corroboration from the recovery of blood stained clothes of appellant and weapon of offence from him, on the basis of his disclosure statement and testimony of Dr. Tejinder Kharbanda PW8, who conducted the post-mortem examination of dead body of deceased, that the injuries found on the person of deceased could be caused with the knife recovered on the disclosure statement of appellant and other facts and circumstances falsifying defence version, complete the chain of circumstantial evidence against the appellant. The oral dying declaration of deceased, in the facts and circumstances of the case, is worth reliance even without any further corroboration.
There are no merits in this appeal and the same is dismissed. The conviction and sentence of the appellant under Section 302 IPC and 25 of Arms Act, as recorded by the trial Court, is maintained. The appellant, who is on bail, be taken into custody and sent to jail to undergo the SACHIN MEHTA 2014.09.24 15:38 remaining part of the sentence awarded to him.
I attest to the accuracy andintegrity of this document Chandigarh CRA-D-788-DB of 2002 -17-
Copy of this judgment be sent to the trial Court and the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Panipat for taking appropriate action.
( RAJIVE BHALLA) ( SURINDER GUPTA )
JUDGE JUDGE
September 15, 2014.
Sachin M.
SACHIN MEHTA
2014.09.24 15:38
I attest to the accuracy and
integrity of this document
Chandigarh