Madras High Court
K.Radhakrishnan vs K.Selladurai on 3 July, 2024
Author: N.Anand Venkatesh
Bench: N.Anand Venkatesh
Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
DATED : 03.07.2024
CORAM
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.ANAND VENKATESH
Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023
K.Radhakrishnan
S/o.Karuppasamy ... Appellant
Vs.
1.K.Selladurai
2.United India Insurance Co. Ltd.,
Motor Third Party Hub,
Silingi Building,
4th Floor, No.134, Greams Road,
Chennai - 600 006. ... Respondents
Civil Miscellaneous Appeal filed under Section 173 of the Motor
Vehicles Act, 1988, against the judgment and decree dated 06.01.2023
made in M.C.O.P.No.5339 of 2019 on the file of Motor Accident Claims
Tribunal, II Judge, Court of Small Causes, Chennai.
For Appellant : Mr.R.Nalliyappan
For Respondents : Mr.J.Michael Visuvasam [R2]
*****
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
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Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023
JUDGMENT
The appellant/claimant, aggrieved by the award passed by the Tribunal in exonerating the second respondent insurance company from paying the compensation, has filed this appeal against the award passed by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, II Judge, Court of Small Causes, Chennai, in M.C.O.P.No.5339 of 2019, dated 06.01.2023.
2. The case of the claimant is that on 22.08.2019, he was riding his two wheeler at R.K.Shanmugam Salai and at about 23.50 hours near K.K.Nagar, the offending vehicle, a lorry, was driven in a rash and negligent manner and it dashed on the two wheeler and as a result, the claimant sustained grievous injuries resulting in locomotor disability. The claimant underwent treatment as an inpatient for nearly 80 days in different spells and he also underwent three surgeries. It is under these circumstances, the claim petition came to be filed before the Tribunal seeking compensation.
3. The Tribunal, on considering the facts and circumstances of the case and on appreciation of oral and documentary evidence, came to a conclusion that the accident had taken place only due to the rash and negligent driving on the part of the driver of the offending vehicle.
4. The Tribunal thereafter considered the liability of the second https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 2/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 respondent insurance company to pay the compensation on behalf of the insured. The Tribunal considered the evidence of RW-1, who had stated that the cheque that was given towards premium was dishonoured and therefore, the policy itself was cancelled with effect from 14.02.2019. In view of the same, on the date of accident i.e. 22.08.2019, there was no valid insurance policy in subsistence for the vehicle. Hence, the second respondent insurance company denied their liability in this case. This stand taken by the second respondent insurance company was accepted by the Tribunal and the Tribunal gave a finding that it is only the first respondent, who is liable to pay the compensation and thereby, the second respondent insurance company was exonerated from the liability.
5. The Tribunal thereafter proceeded to fix the total compensation at Rs.39,80,847/- under various heads as follows:
Sl. Compensation awarded under the Amount No. head (in Rs.)
1. Disability 34,50,081/-
2. Medical expenses 2,31,779/-
3. Pain and sufferings 80,000/-
4. Loss of amenities 80,000/-
5. Loss of earning during treatment 78,987/-
6. Attender charges 20,000/-
7. Transportation charges 20,000/-
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 3/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 Sl. Compensation awarded under the Amount No. head (in Rs.)
8. Extra nourishment 20,000/-
Total 39,80,847/-
Rounded off to 39,80,900/-
The above compensation was directed to be paid along with interest at 7.5% p.a.
6. The claimant, questioning the award of the Tribunal exonerating the second respondent insurance company from incurring the liability, has filed the present appeal before this Court.
7. Heard Mr.R.Nalliyappan, learned counsel for appellant/claimant and Mr.J.Michael Visuvasam, learned counsel for second respondent insurance company.
8. This Court carefully considered the submissions made on either side and the materials available on record.
9. This Court also carefully went through the award passed by the Tribunal.
10. The notice that was sent to first respondent has been returned https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 4/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 with an endorsement 'no such person'. The first respondent did not contest the case before the Tribunal and he was set ex parte.
11. It was contended by learned counsel for second respondent insurance company that the first respondent must be heard before final judgment is passed in this appeal. This Court is not able to agree with this submission made by learned counsel for second respondent insurance company. The reason being that the first respondent, in any case, will be liable to pay compensation in this case. If this appeal is dismissed, the first respondent will be directly liable to pay compensation to the claimant. On the other hand, if this appeal is allowed and 'pay and recover' principle is adopted, whatever compensation is paid by the second respondent insurance company can be recovered from the first respondent. In either way, the first respondent cannot escape liability. Therefore, since the first respondent did not even contest the case before the Tribunal, he need not be heard in this appeal because no fresh or new liability is going to be put against the first respondent.
12. The main issue that has to be gone into in this case is with https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 5/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 regard to the second respondent insurance company being exonerated from the liability. The evidence of RW-1 assumes a lot of significance in this case. The insurance policy was marked as Ex.R3. This policy was for the period from 11.02.2019 to 10.02.2020. The accident had taken place on 22.08.2019. The premium was paid by the first respondent by way of a cheque and this cheque was dishonoured. Therefore, the second respondent insurance company has proceeded to cancel the policy on 14.02.2019. The question is as to whether this was informed to the first respondent and also to the Regional Transport Office. RW-1, in his cross- examination, had stated as follows:
@TN 21 AL 8156 vd;w yhhpf;F eP';fs;
Insurance bfhLj;Js;sPh;fsh vd;why; Check dishonour Mfp tpl;ljhy; bfhLj;j Insurance policy I cancel bra;Jtpl;nlhk;/ mt;thW bfhLf;fg;gl;l policy ve;j njjpapypUe;J ve;j njjp tiu bfhLf;fg;gl;lJ vd;why; 11-2-19 Kjy; 10-2-2020 tiu MFk;.
Mdhy; policy 11-2-2019 Kjy; 13-2-2019 tiu
epYitapypUe;jJ/ 14-2-2019 md;W uj;J
bra;ag;gl;Ltpl;lJ/@
@Policy uj;J bra;ag;gl;lJ rk;ge;jkhd
mwptpg;ig rk;ge;jg;gl;l thfdj;jpd; chpikahsh;
kw;Wk; tl;lhug; nghf;Ftuj;J mYtyUf;Fk;
mDg;gpdPh;fsh vd;why; mDg;gpndhk; me;j mwptpg;g[ mDg;gg;gl;ljw;fhd xg;g[jy; ml;il jhf;fy; bra;Js;sPh;fsh vd;why; ,y;iy. mwptpg;g[ Ex.R.4 Mf jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ/ Ex.R4 mDg;gg;gl;ljw;fhd urPJk; ,y;iy vd;W brhd;dhy;
urPJ jhf;fy; bra;atpy;iy/ gjpt[j; jghy;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l egUf;F rhh;g[ bra;ag;gl;lJ
vd;gjw;fhd Mjhunkh kPz;Lk; jpUg;gp
mDg;gg;gl;ljw;fhd Mjhunkh ePjpkd;wj;jpy; jhf;fy; https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 6/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 bra;ag;gltpy;iy vd;W brhd;dhy; rhpjhd; rhl;rp Ex.R4 Mtzk; rhh;g[ bra;ag;gl;Ltpl;lJ vd;W gjpyspj;jhh; kDjhuh; jug;gpy; rhh;g[ bra;ag;gl;lJ vd;gjid epU:gpg;gjw;F Mjhuk; vJt[k; jhf;fy; bra;ag;glhky; rhh;g[ bra;ag;gl;lJ vd;W TWk; Tw;W Vw;Wf;bfhs;sj;jf;fjy;y vd;W Ml;nrgiz bjhptpj;jhh;/ Ex.R4 Mtzk; ,e;j tHf;fpw;fhf jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ vd;W brhd;dhy; ,y;iy/ nkw;fz;l Ex.R4 Mtzk; jhd; ,t;tHf;fpw;F gpujhd MtzkhFk;/ Ex.R4 Mtzj;jpy; ve;j tl;lhu mYtUf;F mDg;;gg;gl;lJ vd;gjw;fhd Fwpg;g[fs; VJkpy;iy vd;W brhd;dhy; rhpjhd;/ ve;j tl;lhu mYtyUf;Fk; mDg;ghky; bgha; rhl;rp brhy;fpnwd; vd;W brhd;dhy; rhpay;y/ mt;thW mDg;gpapUe;jhy; mjw;fhd Mjhuj;ij ePjpkd;wj;jpy; jhf;fy;
bra;jpUg;ngd; vd;W brhd;dhy; rhpay;y/@
13. It is quite evident from the above deposition of RW-1 that there was not even a scrap of paper available before the Tribunal to prove that the cancellation of the policy was in fact informed to the first respondent and the concerned Regional Transport Office. What was presented before the Tribunal was merely the letter of cancellation marked as Ex.R4. The oral assertion made by RW-1 is not supported by any document and therefore, it must be construed that there was no evidence available to show that the cancellation of the policy was informed to the first respondent and to the concerned Regional Transport Office.
14. Insofar as the third party is concerned, in cases of this nature https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 7/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 where the policy was given by the second respondent insurance company and it was subsequently cancelled and there is no proof to show that the cancellation of the policy was informed to the insured and to the Regional Transport Office, the Court has to adopt 'pay and recover' method. The law on this issue is now too well settled.
15. In the light of the above discussion, this Court holds that the second respondent insurance company is liable to pay compensation to the claimant and thereafter, the compensation can be recovered from the first respondent. The contrary finding rendered by the Tribunal is hereby set aside.
16. The next issue is with regard to the compensation that has been fixed by the Tribunal under various heads. It is an admitted case that the claimant was working as a driver in the Metropolitan Transport Corporation. His monthly income was fixed by the Tribunal at Rs.26,329/- based on the salary certificate. The claimant was a permanent employee of the Metropolitan Transport Corporation. The question is as to whether per percentage method must be adopted or the multiplier method must be adopted by considering the functional disability suffered https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 8/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 by the claimant. The claimant continues to work in the Metropolitan Transport Corporation. Even though the claimant suffers from locomotor disability, that does not in any way disentitle the claimant from continuing with the job in view of the provisions of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. This Act makes it clear that disability cannot be a ground to disengage the services of a permanent employee, either he should be given an alternative employment or a supernumerary post must be created and the salary that is earned also cannot be reduced.
Therefore, even though the claimant has suffered a serious disability, that does not in any way take away the employment of the claimant and he continues to serve in the transport corporation. Therefore, the Tribunal was not right in adopting the multiplier method.
17. In the light of the above discussion, the compensation under the head 'disability' is fixed at Rs.4,20,000/- [7000 x 60].
18. The claimant in this case had undergone treatment as an inpatient for nearly 80 days from the year 2019 to 2021 in various spells. He had also undergone three operations. Therefore, this Court is inclined to enhance the compensation under the heads 'pain and sufferings', 'loss https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 9/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 of amenities', 'attender charges', 'transportation charges' and 'extra nourishment' to Rs.2,00,000/-, Rs.1,00,000/-, Rs.80,000/-, Rs.50,000/- and Rs.1,00,000/- respectively.
19. The compensation awarded under the other heads is reasonable and the same does not require the interference of this Court.
20. For the foregoing reasons, the compensation awarded by the Tribunal is modified as follows:
Amount Amount
Sl. Compensation awarded awarded by the awarded by
No. under the head Tribunal this Court
(in Rs.) (in Rs.)
1. Disability 34,50,081/- 4,20,000/-
2. Medical expenses 2,31,779/- 2,31,779/-
3. Pain and sufferings 80,000/- 2,00,000/-
4. Loss of amenities 80,000/- 1,00,000/-
5. Loss of earning during 78,987/- 78,987/-
treatment
6. Attender charges 20,000/- 80,000/-
7. Transportation charges 20,000/- 50,000/-
8. Extra nourishment 20,000/- 1,00,000/-
Total 39,80,847/- 12,60,776/-
Rounded off to 39,80,900/- 12,60,800/-
21. The compensation awarded by the Tribunal at Rs.39,80,900/- is https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 10/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 reduced to Rs.12,60,800/-. The second respondent insurance company is directed to deposit the compensation awarded by this Court, less the amount already deposited, together with interest at 7.5% p.a. from the date of claim petition till the date of deposit within a period of six weeks from the date of receipt of this judgment. Thereafter, the second respondent insurance company will be entitled to recover the same from the first respondent. The other directions issued by the Tribunal with regard to the mode of payment of compensation remains unaltered.
In the result, the Civil Miscellaneous Appeal is partly allowed. No costs.
03.07.2024 Speaking Judgment/Non-speaking Judgment Index :Yes/No Neutral citation: Yes/No gm To The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, II Judge, Court of Small Causes, Chennai.
N.ANAND VENKATESH, J.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 11/12 Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 gm Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.1414 of 2023 03.07.2024 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis 12/12