State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
Khilal Mohammad S/O Chhand Mohammad vs The New India Insurance Company Ltd. on 6 February, 2019
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esa Hkh rqjUr mlh le; ns nh x;hA foi{kh ds losZ;j us mlh le; ekSds ij vkdj ekSds dh fLFkfr dh fjiksVZ rS;kj dhA okgu esa djhc 32]04]574@&:i;s dk uqdlku gqvkA ysfdu mDr okgu dk chek 16]50]000@&:i;s dk gh gksus ls ;gh jkf'k {kfriwfrZ Lo:i ekax dj jgk gSA ifjoknh us leLr vkSipkfjdrk, iw.kZ djrs gq;s viuk Dyse foi{kh ds ;gka izLrqr fd;k vkSj vko';d lHkh nLrkost Hkh ekaxs tkus ij miyC/k djok fn;sA foi{kh us mDr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k dk Hkqxrku ugha fd;k] ftlls ifjoknh dks ekufld larki dkfjr gqvkA ifjoknh us mDr okgu foi{kh la[;k&2 ls _.k izkIr dj [kjhnk x;k Fkk] rFkk {kfriwfrZ Dyse jkf'k ugha fn;s tkus ls _.k dh fd'rksa dh vnk;xh ugha gks ik jgh gS] vkSj vkfFkZd uqdlku Hkh gks jgk gSA foi{kh chek dEiuh us viuk tokc izLrqr dj ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS] fd ifjoknh ds LokfeRo ds iathd`r Vªsyj la[;k vkjts-06 th ch 0997 o mDr okgu ds ?kksM+s dk foi{kh chek dEiuh ds ;gka ls fnuakd 15-09-0211 ls 14-09-2012 rd dh vof/k ds fy;s 16]50]000@&:i;s ds chek /ku ds fy;s chek djok;kA chek vuqcU/k ds vuqlkj okgu esa fdlh izdkj dh {kfriwfrZ dh vnk;xh dk nkf;Ro chek vuqcU/k dk mYya?ku chfer }kjk fd;s tkus ij ugha curk gSA oDr nq?kZVuk chek vuqcU/k ds vuqlkj pkyd ds ikl oS/k ,oa izHkkoh okgu ifjpkyu dk vuqKk i= gksuk vko';d gSA chek vuqcU/k ije~ ln~Hkkouk ds fl)kUr ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gS ftlds vuqlkj chfer ls ;gh vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd Dyse fuLrkj.k gsrq foi{kh chek dEiuh dks lgh ,oa lR; lwpuk miyC/k djok;sA chek vuqcU/k dh 'krZ la[;k 5 ds vuqlkj chfer dk nkf;Ro gS fd og chfer okgu dks gkfu o {kfr ls cpkus dk iw.kZ iz;kl djs vkSj mlds fy;s mfpr dne mBk;s rFkk chek dEiuh dks gj le; chfer okgu dks fujh{k.k djus dk vf/kdkj gksrk gSA chfer okgu ds Lokeh] pkyd o deZpkfj;ksa ls nq?kZVuk dh fLFkfr esa ;k czsd Mkmu dh fLFkfr 3 esa iwNrkN djus dk vf/kdkj gksrk gSA chfer okgu dh lqj{kk gsrq iw.kZ iz;kl fd;s tk;sxsaA okgu esa dkfjr {kfr dh ek=k vf/kd gks tkrh gS rks mlds fy;s chfer Loa; ftEesnkj gksxkA okLrfod rF; bl izdkj gS fd ifjoknh }kjk vius okgu dh ok;fjax esa 'kkVZ lfdZV gksus ds dkj.k fnukad 18-03-2012 dks jkf= ds X;kjg cts vkx yx tkus dh lwpuk chek dEiuh dks miyC/k djok;h] ftlesa okgu ds pkyd dk uke lq[knso xqtZj n'kkZ;k x;k Fkk vkSj ifjoknh }kjk jkstukepk jiV tks izLrqr dh x;h] mlesa Hkh ifjoknh us iqfyl dks lq[knso xqtZj }kjk gh okgu pyk;k tkuk n'kkZ;k FkkA chek dEiuh esa ifjoknh }kjk Dyse izLrqr djus ij nq?kZVuk ds lUnHkZ esa tkap djus gsrq vUos"k.kdrkZ ,-okbZ- 'ks[k] mn;iqj dks fu;qDr fd;k x;k ftlus viuh tkap fjiksVZ fnukad 07-03-2012 dks izLrqr dh] ftlds lkFk ifjoknh ds Loa; ds c;ku Hkh izLrqr fd;s ftlesa ifjoknh us n'kkZ;k fd oDr nq?kZVuk okgu dks MªkbZoj iIiwflga pyk jgk FkkA bl lUnHkZ esa ifjoknh us vUos"k.kdrkZ dks ;g Hkh c;ku fn;k fd okgu Vªsyj dh ok;fjax dEiyhV djokus ds fy;s ';ke th feL=h ds ;gka okgu [kM+k fd;k gqvk Fkk] pkyd iIiwflga ogha ij FkkA ok;fjax iw.kZ gksus ls iwoZ gh iIiwflga mDr okgu ds ?kksM+s dh vk/kh v/kwjh ok;fjax rFkk [kqys rkjksa dks ysdj vius xkao tkus ds fy, jokuk gks x;k vkSj jkLrs esa 'kkVZ lfdZV ls okgu ds ?kksM+s ¼gklZ½ esa vkx yx x;h vkSj ty x;kA vUos"k.kdrkZ us vius izfrosnu ds lkFk ok;fjax djus okys feL=h ds c;ku fy;s ftlus Hkh mDr dFku dh iqf"V dhA ifjoknh ds okgu esa 32]04]534@& :i;s dk uqdlku ugha gqvk gS] okgu ds ?kksM+s esa 16]50]000@& :i;s dk Hkh uqdlku ugha gqvk gSA okgu dh {kfr ds vkdyu ds fy;s ch-ch- jk; dks foi{kh }kjk fu;qDr fd;k x;k ftldh fjiksVZ fnukad 05-06-2012 ds vuqlkj ns; jkf'k 9]25]814@&:i;s vkadh x;h] tks chek vuqcU/k dh 'krksZ ds vuqlkj ns; ;ksX; FkhA ifjoknh us chek dEiuh ds vUos"k.kdrkZ dks pkyd dk uke iIiwflga fuoklh dksVMh crk;k gSA ifjoknh us vius Dyse izi= ds lkFk u rks lq[knso vkSj u iIiwflga dk okgu pkyu vuqKki= izLrqr fd;k] tks fd Dyse fuLrkj.k ds fy;s vko';d nLrkost gSA vUos"k.kdrkZ dh tkap esa pkyd ds lEcU/k esa ifjoknh ds fHkUu fHkUu c;ku gS] tks ifjoknh }kjk okLrfod rF;ksa dks fNik;k tkuk izdV djrk gSA ifjoknh us chfer okgu dh lqj{kk djus ds vius nkf;Ro dks ugha fuHkk;kA okgu dks fcuk ok;fjax iw.kZ djok;s pyk;k x;k ftlls [kqys rkjks o viw.kZ ok;fjax ls 'kkVZ lfdZy gksdj vkx yxhA foi{kh us xq.kkoxq.k ds vk/kkj ij ifjoknh dk Dyse fnukad 09-11-2012 dks fujLr fd;k gSA 4 cgl lquh ,oa i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA ifjoknh dk Vªsyj e; ?kksM+s ds la[;k vkj-ts- 06 th ch 0997 fnukad 15- 09-2011 ls 14-09-2012 rd 16]50]000@&:- ds fy, chfer FkkA fnukad 18-03- 2012 dks jkf= djhc 11 cts us'kuy gkbZos la[;k 79 ij HkhyokM+k ls jk;yk ysdj tk jgk Fkk] rks okgu esa 'kksVZ lfdZV gks tkus ds dkj.k okgu ds vkx yx x;hA ifjoknh ds vuqlkj uqdlku 32]04]574@&:- dk gqvk ijUrq chek 16yk[k ipkl gtkj :- dk gh Fkk blfy, mldh gh ekax jgk FkkA tokc esa chek gksuk Lohdkj fd;k okgu ds vkx yxus ij Hkh fookn ugha fd;k x;k rFkk losZ;j fu;qDr djuk losZ;j }kjk 9]25]814@&:- {kfr dk vkadyu fd;k x;k ijUrq ;g dgk x;k fd ifjoknh dh rjQ ls vlko/kkuh dh otg ls vkx yxh D;ksa fd ifjoknh okgu dk rkj Bhd djkus ds fy, feL=h ds ;gkWa x;k Fkk ijUrq v/kqjs dke esa gh Vªd ysdj okfil pyk x;k ftlls rkjksa esa 'kksVZ lfdZV gks x;kA tc fd ifjoknh ds vuqlkj batu esa vkx yxh FkhA foi{kh dk cpko ;g Hkh gS fd ifjoknh us lq[knso MªkbZoj crk;k rFkk mlh ds vuqlkj iqfyl esa fjiksVZ ntZ djok;h ckn esa ;g crk;k x;k fd iIiw flag mDr okgu ysdj vius xkao ls vk jgk Fkk rc vkx yxh FkhA tgkWa rd MªkbZoj lq[knso flag Fkk ;k iIiw flag Fkk ifjoknh ds vuqlkj mDr okgu ij nks MªkbZoj Fks rFkk ;g nksuksa gh dke djrs Fks rFkk okgu pykrs Fks nksuksa gh MªkbZojksa ds MªkbZfoax ykbZlasl i=koyh esa ekStwn gS] blfy, ;g ugha dgk tk ldrk fd okgu dks pykus okys pkyd ds ikl MªkbZfoax ykbZlsal ugha gksus ls okgu cnyk x;k gksA tgkWa rd ok;fjax v/kqjh dk iz'u gS foi{kh us v/kqjh ok;fjax ds dkj.k 'kksVZ lfdZV gksuk crk;k gS] tc fd batu esa vkx yxh gS ;fn ok;fjax detksj Hkh Fkh rFkk mlesa ikVZ Hkh gyds yxs gq, Fks rks Hkh blesa dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+rk gS D;ksa fd Vªd ds vkx yxh gS rFkk {kfr gqbZ gSA bl laca/k esa IV (2009) CPJ 19 (SC) NEW INDIA ASSURANCE CO. LTD. Vs. ZUARI INDUSTRIES LTD. & ORS. esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& (i ) Insurance -Fire Incident--Proximate cause of damage flashover caused by short circuit -claim repudiated on ground that there was not 'sustained fire' -Word used in policy 'fire' not 5 'sustained fire' -court cannot add words to statute/document-- Fire efficient and active cause of damage proved--Insurer held liable under policy
(ii) Insurance -Proximate cause of damage--
Contention, loss not caused by fire, but by stoppage of electricity due to short circuit -Proximate cause of damage, thermal shock, not fire--Claim repudiated -Proximate cause not a cause nearest in time/place, but active and efficient cause that sets in motion a train or chain of events which brings about ultimate result without intervention of any other force working from independent source--Fire was efficient and active cause of damage proved -Insurer held liable under policy.
blh izdkj II (2016) CPJ 3 (SC) LAKHMI CHAND Vs. RELIANCE GENERAL INSURANCE esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& Consumer Protection
Act, 1986--Section 2(1) (g), 14 (1)(d), 23 -Insurance-- Accident of vehicle -Surveyor appointed -Overloading alleged--Claim repudiated--Deficiency in service--District Forum allowed complaint -State Commission allowed appeal--National Commission dismissed revision -Hence appeal Accident as caused on account of rash and negligent driving of offending vehicle--FIR under Section 337, 338, 304A and 427 of IPC registered against driver of vehicle-- Insurance Company not produced any evidence on record to prove that accident occurred on account of overloading of passengers in goods carrying vehicle--For the insurer to avoid liability, breach of policy must be so fundamental in nature that it brings contract to an end--Violation of policy conditions not established--Repudiation not justified -Cost @Rs. 25,000/- imposed.
I (2015) CPJ 279 (NC) LAKHMI CHAND Vs. RELIANCE GENERAL INSURANCE esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& INDRAPRASTHA GAS LTD. Vs. NEW INDIA ASSURANCE CO. LTD. & ORS. (i) Insurance -Fire accident Insurance policy does not exclude damage from fire due to poor maintenance, use of substandard quality spares or inherent design defect in machine insured by 6 Insurance Company -While interpreting policy of insurance, Courts have to give natural meaning to expressions used in documents and it is not open to Court to make any addition to or subtraction from terms and conditions contained in Insurance Policy.
(ii) Consumer Protection Act, 1986--Section 2(1) (g), 14 (1)(d), 21 (a) (i) Insurance -Fire accident -Surveyor appointed -Loss assessed--Claim repudiated -Deficiency in service Insurance policy obtained by complainant company did not exclude liability of company in case fire took place due to poor maintenance, sub-standard quality of spares or manufacturing or inherent design defect in machine--Insurance policy cannot be said to be a service availed for commercial purpose within meaning of section 2 (1) (d), of CP Act - Damage was not covered under warranty clause Repudiation not justified -Insurance Company is directed to pay amount of Rs. 78,25,005 to complainant -Litigation cost @ Rs. 25,000 awarded.
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