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Showing contexts for: section 44AD in Mohan Kumar Agarwal , Howrah vs Ito, Ward - 46(1), Kolkata , Kolkata on 8 May, 2019Matching Fragments
8. The Hon'ble Punjab & Haryana High Court in the case of CIT vs. Surinder Pal Anand [2010] 192 Taxman 264 (Punjab & Haryana), under identical circumstances has held as follows:-
"7. Section 44AD of the Act was inserted by the Finance Act, 1994 with effect from 1-4-1994. Sub-section (1) of section 44AD clearly provides that where an assessee is engaged in the business of civil construction or supply of labour for civil construction, income shall be estimated at 8 per cent, of the gross receipts paid or payable to the assessee in the previous year on account of such business or a sum higher than the aforesaid sum as may be declared by the assessee in his return of income notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in sections 28 to 43C of the Act. This income is to be deemed to be the profits and gains of said business chargeable of tax under the head "profits and gains" of business. However, the said provisions are applicable where the gross receipts paid or payable does not exceed Rs. 40 lakhs.
15. Further, it is a fact on record that the assessee had not maintained books of account that is why he opted for 8% income as per section 44AD of the Act. The section also does not put obligation on the assessee to maintain books of account, more so, in view of the fact that his income has been assessed as per section 44AD of the Act, he cannot be punished for not maintaining the same. The argument of the learned D.R. that the assessee was in fact, maintaining books of account is untenable. Keeping or preparing a cash flow statement cannot be considered as keeping the books of account.
16. Now, coming to the argument of the learned D.R. that the addition has been made under section 69C of the Act, on which there is no bar under section 44AD of the Act, we are quite in agreement with the same. The only fetter provided under section 44AD of the Act are the applicability of provisions of section 30 to 38 of the Act. The provisions of section 69C of the Act reads as under :
"69C. Unexplained expenditure, etc.- Where in any financial year an assessee has incurred any expenditure and he offers no explanation about the source of such expenditure or part thereof, or the explanation, if any, offered by him is not, in the opinion of the Assessing Officer, satisfactory, the amount covered by such expenditure or part thereof, as the case may be, may be deemed to be the income of the assessee for such financial year :
Provided that, notwithstanding anything contained in any other provision of this Act, such unexplained expenditure which is deemed to be the income of the assessee shall not be allowed as a deduction under any head of income."
17. The crucial words in the said section for the purposes of present appeal are 'any financial year an assessee has incurred any expenditure'. But can we say on the facts & circumstances of the present case that the assessee has 'incurred' any expenses. From an analysis of section 44AD of the Act contained hereinabove, we have already held that the assessee had not incurred the expenses to the extent of 92 % of the gross receipts. Therefore, in the present case, the provisions of section 69C of the Act cannot be applied. Asking the assessee to prove to the satisfaction of the Assessing Officer, the expenditure to the extent of 92% of gross receipts, would also defeat the purpose of presumptive taxation as provided under section 44AD of the Act or other such provision. Since the scheme of presumptive taxation has been formed in order to avoid the long drawn process of assessment in cases of small traders or in cases of those businesses where the incomes are almost of static quantum of all the businesses, the Assessing Officer could have made the addition under section 69C of the Act, once he had carved out the case out of the glitches of the provisions of section 44AD of the Act. No such exercise has been done by the Assessing Officer in this case. Before parting we would like to deal with the case law relied on by the learned D.R.