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17.   In   the   same   judgement,   nextly,   the  Honble   Supreme   Court   had   to   consider   the  question   as   to   whether   the   co­owners   are  together a person.

9.  Normally,   where   a  group  of  persons   have   not   become   co­owners   by   their   own   volition   with   a   common   purpose,   they   cannot   be  considered as a person. When the children of   the   owner   of   a   property   succeed   to   his  property   by   testamentary   succession   or  inherit by operation of law, they become co­ owners,   but   the   co­ownership   is   not   by  volition   of   parties   nor   do   they   have   any   common   purpose.   Each   can   act   in   regard   to  his/her   share,   on   his/her   own,   without   any   right   or   obligation   towards   the   other  owners. The legal heirs though co­owners, do  not   automatically   become   an   association   of  HC-NIC Page 23 of 61 Created On Thu Dec 21 23:14:06 IST 2017 R/SCR.A/2750/2015 ORDER persons/body   of   individuals.   When   different  persons   buy   undivided   shares   in   a   plot   of  land   and   engage   a   common   developer   to  construct   an   apartment   building,   with  individual ownership in regard to respective   apartment   and   joint   ownership   of   common  areas, the co­owners of the plot of land, do   not become an association of persons/body of  individuals,   in   the   absence   of   a   deeming  provision   in   a   statute   or   an   agreement.  Similarly,   when   two   or   more   persons   merely   purchase   a   property,   under   a   common   sale  deed, without any agreement to have a common   or   joint   venture,   they   will   not   become   an   association   of   persons/body   of   individuals.  Mere   purchase   under   a   common   deed   without  anything   more,   will   not   convert   a   co­ ownership into a joint enterprise. Thus when  there are ten co­owners of a property, they   are   ten   persons   and   not   a   body   of   individuals   to   be   treated   as   a   single   person. But if the co­owners proceed further  and   enter   into   an   arrangement   or   agreement   to   have   a   joint   enterprise   or   venture   to   produce   a   common   result   for   their   benefit,   then the co­owners may answer the definition  of a person.  

Each can act in regard to his/ her share, on  his/her own, without any right or obligation  towards   the   other   owners.   The   legal   heirs  though   co­owners,   do   not   automatically  become   an   'association   of   persons/   body   of   individuals'.   When   different   persons   buy  undivided   shares   in   a   plot   of   land   and  engage   a   common   developer   to   construct   an  apartment   building,   with   individual  ownership in regard to respective apartment  and joint ownership of common areas, the co­ owners of the plot of land, do not become an  'association   of   persons/   body   of  individuals',   in   the   absence   of   a   deeming  provision   in   a   statute   or   an   agreement.  Similarly,   when   two   or   more   persons   merely   HC-NIC Page 43 of 61 Created On Thu Dec 21 23:14:06 IST 2017 R/SCR.A/2750/2015 ORDER purchase   a   property,   under   a   common   sale  deed, without any agreement to have a common   or   joint   venture,   they   will   not   become   an   'association   of   persons/body   of  individuals'.   Mere   purchase   under   a   common  deed without anything more, will not convert  a co­ownership into a joint enterprise. Thus  when there are ten co­owners of a property,   they   are   ten   persons   and   not   a   'body   of   individuals'   to   be   treated   as   a   'single  person'.   But   if   the   co­owners   proceed  further   and   enter   into   an   arrangement   or  agreement   to   have   a   joint   enterprise   or  venture to produce a common result for their   benefit,   then   the   co­owners   may   answer   the   definition of a 'person'. 

"29. Normally, where a group of persons have   not become co­owners by their volition with  a common purpose, they cannot be considered  as   a   'person'.   When   the   children   of   the  owner of a property succeed to his property   by   testamentary   succession   or   inherit   by  operation of law, they become co­owners, but  the   co­ownership   is   not   by   volition   of  parties nor do they have any common purpose.   Each can act in regard to his/her share, on  his/her own, without any right or obligation  towards   the   other   owners.   The   legal   heirs  though   co­owners,   do   not   automatically  become   an   'association   of   persons/   body   of   HC-NIC Page 53 of 61 Created On Thu Dec 21 23:14:06 IST 2017 R/SCR.A/2750/2015 ORDER individuals'.   When   different   persons   buy  undivided   shares   in   a   plot   of   land   and  engage   a   common   developer   to   construct   an  apartment   building,   with   individual  ownership in regard to respective apartment  and joint ownership of common areas, the co­ owners of the plot of land, do not become an  'association   of   persons/body   of  individuals',   in   the   absence   of   a   deeming  provision   in   a   statute   or   an   agreement.  Similarly,   when   two   or   more   persons   merely   purchase   a   property,   under   a   common   sale  deed, without any agreement to have a common   or   joint   venture,   they   will   not   become   an   'association   of   persons/body   of  individuals'.   Mere   purchase   under   a   common  deed without anything more, will not convert  a co­ownership into a joint enterprise. Thus  when there are ten co­owners of a property,   they   are   ten   persons   and   not   a   'body   of   individuals'   to   be   treated   as   a   'single  person'.   But   if   the   co­owners   proceed  further   and   enter   into   an   arrangement   or  agreement   to   have   a   joint   enterprise   or  venture to produce a common result for their   benefit,   then   the   co­owners   may   answer   the   definition of a 'person'."