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1 - 7 of 7 (0.20 seconds)State Of U.P. vs M.K. Anthony on 6 November, 1984
8. PW2 has also been testified during her examination that 4 months back before the incident
occurred the accused was living as tenant in their house and he was living on the Ground floor,
however, witness failed to tell the exact amount of the rent. The details of the tenancy were not kept by
the witnesses, however, both the eyewitnesses/material witnesses admitted that the accused had in the
relation of land lord/tenant with their parents. The presence of a person in such a condition would not
be established proper/fit so as to punish him U/s 456 IPC. Moreover, the presence of the accused was
never concealed by him. The standard of proof in criminal case are as in "State of U.P V. M.k
Anthony, (SC)" that " While appreciating the evidence of a witness, the approach must be whether the
evidence of the witness rea as a whole appears to have a ring of truth. Once that impression is formed,
it is undoubtedly necessary for the court to scrutinies the evidence more particularly keeping in view
that deficiencies, drawbacks and infirmities pointed out in the evidence as a whole and evaluate them to
find out whether it is against the general tenor of the evidence given by the witness and whether the
earlier evaluation of evidence is shaken as to render it unworthy of belief. Minor discrepancies on
trivial mattes not touching the core of the case, hypertechnical approach by taking sentences torn out
of context here or there from the evidence, attaching importance to some technical error committed by
the I.O not going to the root of the matter would not ordinarily permit rejection of the evidence as a
whole. It the court before whom the witness gives evidence had the opportunity to form the opinion
about the general tenor of the evidence given by the witness, the Appellate Court which had not this
benefit will have to attach due weight to the appreciation of evidence by the trial Court and unless there
are reasons weighty and formidable it would not be proper to reject the evidence on the ground of
minor variations or infirmities in the matter of trivial details. Even honest and truthful witnesses may
FIR No. 416/03 4/6
differ in some details unrelated to the main incident because power of observation, retention and
reproduction differ with individuals. Cross examination is an unequal duel between a rustic and refined
lawyer."
Section 441 in The Indian Penal Code, 1860 [Entire Act]
Rajinder & Ors vs State Of Haryana on 12 July, 1995
7. The licensee occupying the property on the unilateral revocation of licence by the licensor is not
guilty or criminal trespass as it could not be inferred that after revocation of licence, the licensee hade
any intention to cause annoyance, intimidation or insult to the licensor - Somnath Paul V Ram Bharose
1991 Cr LJ 2499 (AII) and the unauthorised entry into or upon the property in the possession of
another or unlawfully remaining thereafter lawful entry can answer the definition of criminal trespass
if, an only if, such unlawful entry or unlawful remaining is with the intent to commit an offence orto
FIR No. 416/03 3/6
intimidate, insult or annoy the person in possession of the property. Therefore, unless any of the
ingredients referred in section 441 is proved, no offence of criminal trespass can be said to have been
committed. Such an intention has to be gathered from the facts and circumstances of a given case
Rajinder v State of Haryana (1995) 5 SCC 187: 1995 SCC (Cri) 852.
Section 207 in The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 [Entire Act]
Section 313 in The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 [Entire Act]
Section 456 in The Indian Penal Code, 1860 [Entire Act]
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