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[Cites 30, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi vs Neelam Chaturvedi on 9 September, 2016

                                            1 of 46


IN THE COURT OF SH. NARINDER KUMAR:SPECIAL JUDGE­2
 NDPS ACT:(CENTRAL DISTRICT):TIS HAZARI COURT:DELHI


Case No. 54806/2016                                         Decided on: 09.09.2016
CA No. 05/2016


Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi
S/o Late Y.C. Chaturvedi
R/o Patwan Gali, Kaimganj,
Distt. Farukhabad, U.P.                                                    .....Appellant

Versus

1.Neelam  Chaturvedi
   (Through Sh. V.K. Chaturvedi
   D/o Sh. H.C. Chaturvedi
   R/o 98H, Railway Colony,
   Naya Bazar, Delhi­110006.

2.State                                                                 .....Respondents



                                  ­­­­­­+++++­­­­­­




Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors.        CA No. 05/16    DoD: 09.09.2016
V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr.                 CA No. 14/16    DoD: 09.09.2016
                                             2 of 46


Case No. 54851/2016                                         Decided on: 09.09.2016
CA No. 14/2016


V.K. Chaturvedi
S/o Late H.C. Chaturvedi
R/o 98, H.Railway Colony,
Naya Bazar, Delhi­6                                                            .....Appellant

Versus

1)Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi
    S/o Late Y.C. Chaturvedi
    R/o Patwan Gali, Kaimganj,
    Distt. Farukhabad, U.P.

2)Brij Pal Singh
    S/o Pattu Lal
    R/o Village Naraina Mau,
    PS Kaimganj, Pargana Kampil
    Distt. Farukhabad, U.P.                                            .....Respondents



                                      JUDGMENT

CA No. 05/2016, referred to above has been filed by Mukul   Kumar   Chaturvedi   challenging   judgment   dated Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 3 of 46 17.12.2015   passed   by   Learned   Trial   Court   in   CC   No.   4268/3 titled as V.K. Chaturvedi v. Mukul Chaturvedi and Ors, whereby he has been convicted of an offence U/s 500 IPC. He has also challenged     order   on   sentence   dated   08.01.2016   passed   by Learned   Trial     Court,   whereby   he     has   been   sentenced   to undergo simple imprisonment for two months and also to pay compensation of Rupees One Lakh or in default of payment of compensation, to undergo SI for one month.

2. The accused - appellant faced trial on the accusation that in furtherance of  his common intention and that of his co­ accused ­father Yatish Chandra Chaturvedi (Since deceased) and Brij Pal, an affidavit dated 08.12.1980 of one Brij Pal, was filed, during pendency of a petition U/s 9 of HMA filed by his wife (Wife   of   the   appellant   herein),   before   Learned   Addl.   District Judge, and in that affidavit, defamatory allegations were levelled against   her   casting   aspersions   on   her   character.     Feeling aggrieved,   Smt.   Neelam   Chaturvedi­   (wife   of   the   accused­ appellant),       sister   of   Sh.   V.K.   Chaturvedi,     her   authorized representative   filed   complaint   alleging   commission   of   offence Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 4 of 46 punishable U/s 500 IPC.

3. Consequent   upon   summoning   of   the   accused   - appellant   ,   his   father   Yatish   Chandra   Chaturvedi   (Since deceased) and Brij Pal Singh, notice for an offence U/s 500 IPC read with Section 34 IPC was served upon all the three accused persons.

4. Since   the   accused   persons   pleaded   not   guilty   and claimed trial, case was listed for evidence of the complainant.

5. It   may   be   mentioned   here   that   Sh.   Yatish   Chandra Chaturvedi (Since deceased) left his world during the pendency of trial.

6. In   support   of   her   case,   complainant   -   Smt.   Neelam Chaturvedi   stepped   in   the   witness  box   as   her   own   witness  as CW­2 whereas her brother­ Sh. V.K. Chaturvedi made statement as CW­1.

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 5 of 46

7. In   their   statements   U/s   313   Cr.PC,   the   accused­ appellant admitted factum of pendency of petition U/s 9 of HMA filed by his wife against him, and the factum of other litigation between them.   As regards, filing of the affidavit Ex­X, Mukul Kumar, the accused­ appellant pleaded as under:­ "I am innocent. My sister Mamta was married to the brother of Neelam and of V.K.Chaturvedi and I was   married   to   Neelam   Chaturvedi   who   is   the sister of Sh.   V.K.Chaturvedi. Differences arose in the   matrimonial   life   of   both   the   couples mentioned above and marriages were strained. My father Sh. Y.C. Chaturvedi was practicing advocate at   Farookhabad   UP   in   the   year   1980   onwards, whereas, I was working as Officer in State Bank of India   at   Varanasi,   UP   from   1978   to   1984.   The distance   between   Farookhabad   and   Varanasi   is about   450KM.   In   the   year   1980,   Neelam Chaturvedi had filed a case against me at Delhi of restitution   of   conjugal   rights   and   her   brother Narendera   Kr     Chaturvedi   had   filed   a   case   of Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 6 of 46 divorce against my sister and his wife Smt. Mamta at   Delhi.   Both   of   them   had   stated,   as   their   last residence   together,   98H,   Railway   Colony,   Naya Bazar,   Delhi   which   is   the   address   of   CW­1   V.K. Chaturvedi. Besides this, they had levelled many false allegations. Both the cases were defended by our father Y.C. Chaturvedi who had to come from Farookhabad   to   Delhi   to   attend   dates   of   Court's cases.   My   father   had   grudge   against   Neelam Chaturvedi, V.K. Chaturvedi and their family. As my father used to take keen interest in the cases filed   by   Narender   Kr   Chaturvedi     and   Neelam Chaturvedi in order to wreak his own vengeance, my   father,   without   my   knowledge   consent   or approval might have filed affidavit in the Court. I never   attended   the   court   of   Ms.   Usha   Mehra except   once   or   twice.   I   was   not   present   on 08.12.80 when the alleged affidavit Ex.X was filed. I   do   not   know   co­accused   Brij   Pal.   The   other ground   of   grudge   of   my   father     against   the Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 7 of 46 complainant and his family was that he had filed a case u/s 403/406/34 IPC against Narender Kr, CW V.K. Chaturvedi and their father Hukam Chand at Farookhabad   Court,   prior   to   the   filing   of   the present complaint against me and my father. As a counterblast   to   the   said   complaint,   the   present complaint was filed. Neither I filed nor I got filed Ex.X in the Court. I have no connection with the filing   of   the   said   affidavit.   Before   filing   of   the present   complaint,   Narender   Kr.   And   Hukam Chand   who   are   the   brother   and   father   of   the complainant had misbehaved with my father and gave him filthy abuses. As such my father was very much annoyed with them. I used to sign on the blank papers and to deliver to my father in good faith. I had not signed the WS after it was typed. It was   prepared   by   my   father   on   the   those   blank papers which he should not have done. 

I did not defame anyone. Even after decree of conjugal rights, CWs  Neelam and V.K. Chaturvedi Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 8 of 46 had made efforts to reconcile before High Court as well as in the petition of divorce filed by me. But I refused to reconcile."

Brijpal, accused put forth following defence plea : 

"I   am   innocent.   I   have   neither   filed   any affidavit particularly Ex.X, nor deposed and signed the same. In fact, I have not come to Delhi on the said   date.   In   fact,   my   mother   had   expired   on 07.12.1980 and I was attending her cremation on 08.12.80   at   Dhai   Ghat,   Shamshabad,   Distt. Farookhabad, UP." 

8. In   defence,   accused­appellant   M.K.Chaturvedi appeared in court as DW­1. 

DW2 Sh. Deepak Jain, handwriting and finger­ print­ expert,  DW3  Hari Ram  and DW4 Sh. Ram Bharose  have been examined in support of defence of Brijpal Singh, accused.

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 9 of 46 CA No. 14/2016

9. Present   appeal   has   been   filed   challenging   the judgment dated 17.12.2015 passed by Learned Trial Court in CC No. 4268/3 titled as V.K. Chaturvedi v. Mukul Chaturvedi and Ors, whereby respondent no. 1 herein has been convicted for an offence U/s 500 IPC whereas respondent no. 2 herein has been acquitted.     Order   on   sentence   dated   08.01.2016   passed   by Learned   Trial     Court   has   been   challenged   with   prayer   for enhancement   of   sentence   and   increase   in   the   compensation awarded by the Trial Court.

In this very appeal, he has also challenged acquittal of respondent no. 2,  with the other prayer that he convicted and sentenced for the said offence.

  Upon   service   of   notice   of   appeal,   both   the respondents   put   in  appearance.  They  are  represented  by  their respective   counsel.   Appellant   has   argued   in   person.   Despite opportunity, he opted not to avail of facility of free legal aid.   One of the  contentions advanced by learned Counsel for respondent no.1 is on the maintainability of this appeal.  The Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 10 of 46 contention is that the appellant should have filed an application before   Hon'ble   High   Court   seeking   special   leave   to   appeal against the order of acquittal and then filed appeal  as provided U/s   378(4)   Cr.PC.     the   submission   is   that   under   Section   377 Cr.PC only State is empowered to file appeal for enhancement of sentence and State Government may direct the Public Prosecutor to   present   an   appeal   in   this   regard,   and   the   present   appeal having   been   filed   not   by   the   State   Government   or   the   Public Prosecutor, is not maintainable on the point of enhancement of sentence.

  In   support   of   this   contention,   reference   has   been made to the decision in Subhash Chand v. State, 2013(1) FAC 1 and decision in  Selvaraj v. Venkatachalapathy, 2015(1) MWN (Cr.) DCC 26 (Mad.) On   the   other   hand,   appellant   has   submitted   that appeal having been filed under proviso to Sec.372 Cr.P.C. is very much maintainable against both the respondents i.e. by way of challenge to the acquittal  of respondent No.2 and also by way of challenge to the impugned judgment on the point of inadequacy of sentence and compensation.

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 11 of 46   In   the   course   of   arguments,   Court   put   a   specific query  to the  appellant,   as to whether, as regards respondent No.1, he wants enhancement in sentence or only enhancement in the amount of compensation awarded by the Trial Court. The appellant clearly submitted that by filing of appeal, as regards respondent   No.1,   he   wants   adequate   compensation   and   not enhancement of sentence.

10. In case of order of acquittal in any case constituted upon complaint, sub section (4) of Section 378 Cr.PC provides a remedy to the complainant to present appeal before the Hon'ble High Court, after seeking special leave to appeal.

In case of inadequacy of sentence, section 377 Cr.PC provides remedy of appeal by the State Government.

11. Appellant has filed present appeal under proviso to section 372 Cr.PC, which provision has been inserted by Act 5 of 2009.  Proviso to this section provides remedy to a victim by way of appeal, against any order of acquittal or where accused has Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 12 of 46 been   convicted   for   a   lesser   offence   or   has   been   imposed inadequate   compensation.  Such   an  appeal   lies  to  the  court  to which   an   appeal   ordinarily   lies   against   order   of   conviction   of such court.

12. In   Subhash   Chand's   case   (supra),   cited   by   learned counsel for respondent no.1, Hon'ble Apex Court, while dealing with the provisions of  Section 378(4) Cr.PC observed in para 21 of the judgment as under:­ "We   conclude   that   a   complainant   can   file   an application for special leave to appeal against an order of acquittal of any kind only to the High Court.  He cannot file such appeal in the Sessions Court.  In the instant case the complaint alleging offences   punishable   under   Section   16(1)   (1A) read with Section 7 of the PFA Act and the Rules filed  by  complainant  Shri  Jaiswal, Local  Health Authority   through   Delhi   Administration.     The appellant   was   acquitted   by   the   Metropolitan Magistrate,   Patiala   House   Courts,   New   Delhi. The     complainant   can   challenge   the   order   of acquittal by filing an application for special leave to appeal in the Delhi High Court and not in the Sessions Court". 

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 13 of 46 Hon'ble   Apex   Court   accordingly   set   aside   the impugned order holding that case was not governed by Section 378(4) of Cr.PC.   Admittedly, in that case, scope of proviso to Section 372 Cr.PC was not the subject matter of discussion or interpretation.

The other decision i.e. in  Selvaraj (Supra) pertained to appeal against judgment of acquittal passed in a complaint case Us.138 of N.I. Act. That appeal was filed by the complainant under the proviso to Section 372 Cr.P.C.   The appellate Court presided   over   by   learned   Additional   District   &   Sessions   Judge allowed the appeal, set aside the order of acquittal passed by the trial court and convicted the accused for an offence U/s.138 of N.I. Act.

While   interpreting   the   provisions   of   Section   372, Hon'ble   High   Court   of   Madras,   while   relying   on   decision   in Subhash Chand's case (Supra) observed that though the scope of proviso to Section 372 Cr.P.C. was not canvassed and conceded by   the   Hon'ble   Apex   Court   in   the   said   case,   it   provided   a necessary clue that complainants have been treated differently Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 14 of 46 than the States and the victim in cases instituted in police report. Hon'ble Court accordingly observed that term 'victim', available in the proviso to Section 372 Cr.P.C. shall not include a victim, who is a complainant in a complaint case and further that this term used in the said proviso shall be confined to victims in cases instituted otherwise than on a complaint.   Accordingly, Hon'ble High   Court   found   merit   in   the   contention   raised   by   the complainant in challenging the judgment passed by the learned Additional District & Sessions Judge on the ground of absence of jurisdiction.

On   the   point   of   maintaining   of   appeal   under   the proviso to Section 372 Cr.PC, this court is not to tread a virgin path. There is already decision on this point, by our own Hon'ble High   Court  in   the   case   of  Jagmohan   Bhola   v.   Dilbagh   Rai Bhola,   2011   (2)   JCC   777.    Therein,   Hon'ble   High   Court   has observed in the manner as:

"All   these   provisions   were   existing   when   the proviso   to   section   372   was   introduced   with effect   from   31.12.2009.   It   is   apparent   that   in some appeals i.e., in the case of convicts appeals against   conviction   and   the   State's   appeals Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 15 of 46 seeking  enhancement   of  sentence,  no  leave  to appeal  i.e.,   appeals   by   the   State   against acquittals   and   appeals   by   the   complainant against acquittal, leave  and special leave from the High Court was necessary.
The Legislature was aware of this position. We cannot assume that the Legislature was ignorant of   the   fact   that   in   some   appeals   leave   was necessary   while   in   others   it   was   not.   Keeping this in mind, upon a plain reading of the proviso to section 372, we cannot discern any limitation in   respect  of  the  requirement  to  take  leave  of the High Court before an appeal is presented by a victim.
The proviso to section 372 is a special provision and   it   deals   with   three   different   situations, namely, appeals against acquittal, conviction for lesser offence and inadequacy of compensation. The   proviso   to   section   372   is   not   limited   to appeals   against   acquittals.   All   the   appeals, whether they are against acquittal or conviction for a lesser offence or inadequate compensation have been placed on the same footing.
So while a parallel is sought to be drawn by the learned   counsel   for   the   respondents   between and   appeal   under   the   proviso   to   section   372 Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 16 of 46 with an appeal against acquittal under section 378,   it   cannot   be   forgotten   that   the   appeal under the proviso to section 372 is not limited to appeals against acquittals but also concerns itself with appeals against conviction for lesser offence which is akin to the State's appeals for enhancement   for   sentence   under   section   377 which, in turn, does not require any leave of the High  Court  to be  taken. Similarly, there  is no requirement under statute for leave to be taken in   respect   of   appeal   in   respect   of   inadequate compensation.   All   these   three   circumstances have been placed on section 372 and, therefore, no limitation with regard to the requirement of taking leave or special leave of the High Court before an appeal is presented to it by a victim can be read into the proviso to section 372."

Hon'ble   Judges   of   Delhi   High   Court   have   further observed   that   in   view   of   the   aforesaid   position,   the   present appeal would be clearly maintainable, inasmuch as there is no requirement for first obtaining leave of the Court.   In view of above discussion, it can safely be said that under   section   372   Cr   PC   an  appeal   against   order   of   acquittal passed by Metropolitan Magistrate in cases including a complaint Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 17 of 46 case would be maintainable before Court of Session, to which Court an appeal ordinarily lies against the order of conviction . Similarly, in case of inadequacy of compensation , conviction for lesser   sentence,   appeal   against   order   of   acquittal   passed   by Metropolitan Magistrate would lie to Court of Session.

Proviso to section 372 of the Code has been inserted as a special remedy to a "victim". Expression "victim" has been defined   in   section   2(wa)   of   the   Code,   as   a   person   who   has suffered   any   loss   or   injury   caused   by   reason   of   the   act   or omission for which the accused person has been charged and the expression 'victim' includes his or her guardian or legal heir.

In Chattar Singh v. Subhash, 2011 (176) DLT 536, it   has   been   held   that   the   word  "victim"   in  the   context   of   the proviso   to   section   372   read   with   section   2(wa)   of   the   Code referred to the crime victim in the natural and ordinary sense as the person who directly and most proximately suffered the loss or injury.

As noticed above, the proviso to section 372 of the Code has not been limited to appeals against acquittals. Rather all appeals, whether against acquittal or conviction for a lesser Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 18 of 46 offence or inadequate compensation have been placed on same footing.

13. Having   regard   to   the   pronouncement   by   our   own Hon'ble High Court, the appellant is safely covered by expression "victim" and present appeal is maintainable, before the court of session,   as   against   the   order   of   acquittal   and   imposition   of inadequate compensation.  In view of the authoritative decision by our own Hon'ble High Court, the contention authoritatively advanced   by   counsel   for   respondent   no.1   regarding   non­ maintainability of  the appeal filed against judgment of acquittal and   against   the   order   of   inadequate   compensation   is misconceived and as such cannot be sustained at all .

Once, the point of maintainability of appeal has been decided, this court proceeds to decide the two appeals on merits.

As regards M.K.Chaturvedi

14. On behalf of the appellant, it has been submitted that this is a case where the appellant could not be held liable for the Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 19 of 46 acts done by his father, who was an Advocate, and represented him in the petition under Section 9 of Hindu Marriage Act, but defended him by filing not only the affidavit in question , but even   the   written   statement   prepared   without   consulting   or informing him. In support of this submission, it has been pointed out that on 8.12.1980 i.e. the date of execution, attestation and filing of the affidavit in question in Delhi, the appellant was at Varanasi. Even further, it has been submitted that the father of the   appellant,   while   conducting   petition   under   Section   9   of H.M.Act,   took   the   things   personally,   the   reason   being   that Narendera Kr   Chaturvedi, brother of Smt.Neelam­complainant herein, had filed a case of divorce against Smt.Mamta, his sister (sister of present appellant) at Delhi and as such his father was very much annoyed and revengeful against them. The contention is that for the personal and revengeful act of a father, son should not be held liable in the given facts and circumstances.

It has also been submitted that in a criminal trial, it is sufficient   enough   for   an   accused   to   bring   material   on   record which probablizes his defence plea, whereas standard of proof on the prosecution is more stricter that it has to establish its case Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 20 of 46 against   the   accused   beyond   shadow   of   reasonable   doubt. Further,   it   has   been   submitted   that   in   this   case,   when M.K.Chaturvedi   brought  on   record   material  which   probablized his defence plea regarding his non­involvement in the wrongful act,   the   judgment   of   conviction   recorded   by   the   Trial   Court deserves   to   be   set   aside.   Further,   it   has   been   submitted   that where two views are possible, the benefit has to be extended to the   accused,   and   even   on   this   ground,   the   appeal   filed   by M.K.Chaturvedi deserves to be allowed.

    In   support   of   this   submission,   reference   has   been made to following decisions:

1.Balwan Singh etc. Vs.  State of Haryana, 2005[2] JCC 1021 
2. Chander Bhan Vs. State CBI 1998[2] JCC [Delhi]69 
3.Varkey Joseph Vs. State of Kerala 1993 CAR 264(SC)  
4.Suresh @ Bona Vs.  State 2013 [4] JCC 2876
5.Sunil Bansal Vs. The State of Delhi 2007 [2] JCC 1415.
In  Balwan   Singh   etc.   Vs.     State   of   Haryana, 2005[2] JCC 1021 it was held by Hon'ble Supreme Court, that while the prosecution has to prove its case beyond reasonable Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 21 of 46 doubt,   the   defence   has   only   to   produce   evidence   or   show material on record which probablises defence. 

Similarly,   in   case  Chander   Bhan   Vs.   State   CBI 1998[2] JCC [Delhi]69 it was held by Hon'ble High Court that an   accused   is   under   no   obligation   to   prove   his   defence.   It   is sufficient if he comes out with a probable and plausible version. 

In   case  Varkey   Joseph   Vs.   State   of   Kerala  1993 CAR   264(SC)     it   was   held   by   Hon'ble   Supreme   Court,   that suspicion is not the substitute for proof. There is a long distance between 'may be true' and 'must be true' and the prosecution has to   travel   all   the   way   to   prove   its   case   beyond   all   reasonable doubt. 

In   this   regard,   reference   has   also   been   made   to decision in Suresh @ Bona Vs.  State 2013 [4] JCC 2876.

Reference has been made to decision in Sunil Bansal Vs. The State of Delhi 2007 [2] JCC 1415 wherein it was held by Hon'ble High Court that if two views at charge framing stage exist, based upon the materials available, the view favouring the accused is to be preferred.

On   behalf   of   respondent   No.1­Smt.   Neelam Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 22 of 46 Chaturvedi, reference has also been made to application   dated 22.08.80 submitted by M.K.Chaturvedi seeking modification of the   order   on   maintenance,   to   point   out   that   therein   also M.K.Chaturvedi leveled false and baseless allegations against his wife pleading that she was a society girl.

  Record   reveals   that   in   Para   5   of   his   objection petition filed for modification of the order on maintenance, M.K. Chaturvedi testified that his wife was not domestic woman but was society girl and that she earned a lot of money to defray on all her expenses. Admittedly, this allegation came to be leveled on 22.8.1980 i.e. prior to the filing of the affidavit of Brij Pal Singh. 

On behalf of the respondent reference has also been made   to   written   statement     (Ex.PW1/X3)   filed   by   M.K. Chaturvedi   in   petition   no.1170/80,   under   Section   9   of   Hindu Marriage Act, so as to point out that the written statement was filed under the signatures of M.K.Chaturvedi.

Record   reveals   that   in   Para   3   of   the   said   written statement it was pleaded that in reply to the corresponding para Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 23 of 46 of the petition under Section 9 that the petitioner had purposely and with oblique motive omitted to give her place of residence of her unmarried status; that she could not give that because she was   living   with   different   men   at   different   places   and   had   no fixed place of residence.

In   para   no.5   of   written   statement   to   the   petition under   Section   9,   M.K.   Chaturvedi   pleaded   that   the   petitioner herself   left   the   house   and   the   protection   of   her   husband   on 27.03.80, at Varanasi; since then he had come to know that the petitioner   was   a  girl   of   easy   virtue,  and  had   been   leading   an unchaste life at Delhi and wanted to continue the same mode of life at Varanasi. 

In para no.12 of the written statement i.e. in reply to the   prayer   clause   of   the   petition   under   Section   9,   M.K. Chaturvedi prayed for dismissal of the petition by pleading that she had proved unfaithful to him and had been living in adultery even after her marriage.

On behalf of M.K.Chaturvedi, it has been contended that the written statement does not bear the signatures of this Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 24 of 46 accused.   Further   it   has   been   submitted   that   his   father   had obtained his signatures on various blank papers, out of which he utilized one bearing the signatures of this accused in preparing the written statement. The contention is that when this written statement   was   not   signed   by   this   accused,   and   rather   it   was prepared by his father of his own and then submitted in court, the   allegations   levelled   in   the   written   statement   cannot   be attributed to this accused so as to hold him criminally liable. 

It is significant to mention that there is nothing on record   to   suggest   that   at   any   point   of   time,   M.K.Chaturvedi submitted any application in the court of Learned Addl. District Judge, where petition under section 9 of HM Act was pending, that   his   father   had   of   his   own   prepared   written   statement, without   his   instructions   or   that   his   father   had   utilized     blank papers bearing his signatures, in preparing the written statement on his behalf and submitted the same in court or that he would file   fresh   written   statement   giving   him   version.   No   step     was taken by this accused to lead any cogent and convincing to prove this plea of   preparation of written statement on blank papers, bearing his signatures. Therefore, the contention raised on behalf Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 25 of 46 of   M.K.Chaturvedi that the allegations levelled in the para no. 3,5 and 12 of the written statement be not attributed to him, is without any substance. 

It   is   true   that   in   this   case,   it   is   not   the   case   of M.K.Chaturvedi that the objection petition dated 22.08.80 does not bear his signatures or that the same was not presented on his behalf. 

It   has  also   been   submitted   that   in   the   proceedings initiated by the Bar Council against Sh.Y.C.Chaturvedi, Advocate, father of the accused­appellant, Smt.Neelam Chaturvedi, while making   statement   deposed   that   the   accused­appellant   had   no knowledge of leveling of defamatory allegations in the affidavit filed by his father, and as such Trial Court should not have held the accused­appellant guilty.

This submission is without any substance. A perusal of   statement   Ex.CW2/D1   made   by   Smt.Neelam   Chaturvedi,   in the proceedings conducted by Bar Council of India, she did not attribute   ignorance   of   knowledge   to   her   husband   or   his   non­ Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 26 of 46 involvement   in   filing   of   the   affidavit   dated   8.12.1980.   It     is obvious from her this very sentence, when read in entirety , that this fact,  according to her, was the stand taken by her father in law before the Hon'ble High Court.

In   view   of   the   material   available   on   record,   Court finds that the complainant established on record involvement of M.K.Chaturvedi,   accused,   in   the   wrongful   act,   and   that   too beyond   shadow   of   reasonable   doubt.   On   the   other   hand, appellant­M.K.Chaturvedi  failed to lead  cogent  and convincing evidence even to probablize his defence plea. Court also does not find   it   to   be   a   case   where   two   views   are   possible   from   the material   on   record   so   as   to   extend   benefit   of   doubt   to   the accused. 

Another contention has been raised that the notice under Section 251 Cr.PC having been served upon the accused persons for an offence under Section 500 IPC read with Section 34 IPC,  Trial Court could not hold the accused appellant guilty for an offence under Section 500 IPC.

It is true that the accused persons were put to trial Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 27 of 46 for an offence under Section 500 IPC with the aid of Section 34 IPC, but the Trial Court held the accused guilty of an offence under   Section   500   IPC.   In   the   given   facts   and   circumstances established from the material on record, the accused­appellant should   have   been   held   guilty   not   for   the   offence   punishable under Section 500 IPC, but with the aid of Section 34 IPC.  But having regard to the substance of accusation clearly explained to the   accused   in   the   notice;   that   the   evidence   led   by   the prosecution   was   put   to   him   and   he   was   given   opportunity   to cross­examine  the witnesses and also to lead defence evidence, Court finds that no prejudice can be said to have been caused when   the   Trial   Court   held   him   guilty   of   the   offence   under Section 500 IPC instead of sec.500 r.w.sec.34 IPC, even though notice was served for the offence under Section 500 read with Section 34 IPC, as it appears to be an inadvertant error which has crept in the judgment.

Further,   it   has   been   submitted   that   Trial   Court having   acquitted   the   main   accused   Brij   Pal   Singh,   accused­ appellant deserved to be acquitted in the case.

This argument is also without any merit, the reason Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 28 of 46 being   that   acquittal   of   the   three   accused   put   to   trial   did   not absolve   the   accused­appellant   of   the   criminal   liability   proved against him.

While   arguing   on   behalf   of   the   appellant   that   he could not be held liable for the acts done by his Advocate­agent, in the petition under Section 9 of Hindu Marriage Act, reference has been made to decisions in:

1. Subbu Chettiar V. Ayyavu Chettiar, AIR 1959 Kerala 342.
2. Saukhi Gope and others vs. Uchit  Rai, AIR (35) 1948 Patna, 56,
3. Nirsu Naryan Singh V. Emperor, 27 Cr.L.J. 1926,
4. Himalayan Co.OP Group v. Balwan Singh, 223 (2015) DLT
103.

In  Subbu   Chettiar  V.  Ayyavu   Chettiar,   AIR   1959 Kerala 342,  relied on by counsel for appellant, in response to notice issued by the wife, to her husband and father in law, reply was  caused to  be  sent by both of them through their lawyers denying the maintenance claim on account of unchastity of the wife. It   was held by the Hon'ble High Court of Kerala that the presumption   that   so   long   as   the   reply   of   the   accused   stood Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 29 of 46 proved  the   accused might  be  taken  to have  given  instructions therefore was not inevitable seeing that Counsel's volition had intervened and it was unsafe to found criminal liability on the accused on such basis.

In   another   decision   titled   as  Saukhi   Gope   and others  vs.  Uchit   Rai,  AIR (35) 1948 Patna, 56, while dealing with point of liability of party for the defamatory questions put by   the   counsel   for   the   said   party   in   cross   examination   of   a witness, it was observed as under : 

"where   a   party   to   a   judicial   proceeding   is charged   under   S.499   for   the   alleged defamatory questions put by his counsel in cross   examination,   it   is   not   possible   to assume   that   the   questions   were   put   upon definite   instructions.   It   would   have   to   be proved   and   having   regard   to   S.126, Evidence Act it could not possibly be proved unless   with   the   client's   express   consent which in the circumstances be would hardly be   likely   to   accord.   Consequently   no   one Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 30 of 46 could ever be prosecuted for defamation in regard to any instructions which he might have given to his lawyer. It is the lawyer's business   to   decide   whether   he   could propertly   act   upon   the   instructions,   and whatever   responsibility   might   ensue   from acting upon those instructions would be his and no one else's.
It would have to be proved, and having regards to   S.126 it could not possibly be proved, unless with the client's express consent which in the circumstances   he would hardly be likely to accord. It follows from  this   that   no   one   could   ever   be   prosecuted   for   defamation in regard to any instructions which he   might   have   given   to   his   lawyer.   It   is   the   lawyer's   business   to   decide   whether   he   could   properly   act   upon   the   instructions   and   whatever   responsibility   might   ensue   from   acting   upon   those   instructions   would b e his and no one else's. The present attempt  to prosecute the petitioners was in the circumstances  Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 31 of 46 completely misconceived." 

In  Nirsu   Narayan   Singh  V.  Emperor,   27   Cr.L.J. 1926,     on   the   point   of   liability   of   advocate   charged   with defamation in respect of word spoken or written, Hon'ble Patna High Court observed that advocates in discharge of their onerous and sacred duties must be very careful not to give rise to the faintest suspicion of a personal element in their speech or action as advocates.

In case  Himalayan Co.OP Group  v. Balwan Singh, 223   (2015)   DLT   103,   Hon'ble   Apex   court   observed   that according to the accepted notion of professional responsibilities, lawyers   should   follow   the   client's   instructions   rather   than substitute their judgment for that of the client. 

15. Ld.   Counsel   representing   M.K.Chaturvedi   has submitted in the course of arguments that while serving a notice U/s     251   Cr.P.C,   the   Trial   Court   did   not   mention   therein allegations   levelled   in   the   written   statement,   and   as   such   no reliance   can   be   placed   on   the   allegations   available   in   the written statement. 

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 32 of 46 The criminal complaint came to be filed on the basis of allegations contained in affidavit dated 08.12.80 of Brij Pal Singh   filed   in   petition     U/s   9   of   H.M.Act.   Therefore,   while serving   notice   u/s   251   Cr.P.C,   allegations   levelled   by   the respondent in reply to petition U/s 9 of H.M.Act could not find mention in the notice. The allegations levelled   in the written statement and the objection petition dated 22.08.80 have been referred   to   by   the   opposite   side     to   highlight   that   affidavit Ex.PW1/A was  an intentional act not only of Y.C.Chaturvedi but also of M.K.Chaturvedi,     particularly when earlier to it he had put   forth   similar   allegations   in   the   written   statement   and   the objection petition. Court finds merit in the argument advanced on behalf of the complainant that the affidavit Ex.PW1/A came to   be   filed   in   the   court   of   Learned   Addl.   District   Judge,   by Y.C.Chaturvedi,   on   08.12.80,   in   furtherance   of   common intention of his co­accused M.K. Chaturvedi and another I.e. the executant   of   the   affidavit,   whose   identity   could   not   be established during trial. It is not believable that his father filed this affidavit containing objectionable allegations without taking his son, M.K.Chaturvedi into confidence. The decisions cited on Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 33 of 46 behalf of M.K.Chaturvedi on the liability of Advocate or lawyer engaged by a party for the act done by Advocate or lawyer do not   come   to   the   aid   of   the   accused,   in     view   of   affectionate relationship   between  the  two as father  and son, as the  father represented his son in the capacity an  Advocate as well. It does not   stand   established   that   the   father   of   the   accused­appellant acted of his own or without consulting the son in the criminal act.

15. Having   regard   to   the   above   material   regarding   his pleadings in the petition under H.M.Act, which reveal his mens rea from the very beginning, the fact that as on 08.12.80, M.K. Chaturvedi   was   not   in   Delhi   or   not   in   attendance   before   the concerned court of Learned Addl. District Judge, in  proceedings U/s 9 of H.M.Act, when affidavit came to be filed and that on that   date   he   was   in   Varanasi,   does   not   come   to   his   help   to absolve   him   of   the   criminal   liability   in   defaming   his   wife   by allowing filing of affidavit dated 8.12.1980 containing false and baseless allegations against his wife.

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 34 of 46 Appeal As regards Brij Pal Singh

16. Sh.   Deepak   Jain,   handwriting   and   finger­   print­ expert   appeared  as   DW­2   as  regards   analysis  of   the   specimen signatures of Brij pal with the disputed signatures available on the affidavit Ex. X, and proved his report as Ex.DW2/A. DW­3 Hari Ram Agnihotri was examined in support of defence of Brijpal Singh accused. 

Sh.   Ram   Bhoresa   was   also   examined   as   DW­4   to prove death certificate Ex.DW4/A in support of defence of Brijpal Singh, Accused.

DW3 Hari Ram Agnihotri is a priest from a village in District Farookhabad. He knew Brij Pal Singh, client/ yajman of his father­in­law Ram Sevak Pathak. According to the witness, mother of Brij Pal Singh   died on 07.12.80 and her dead body was   cremated   on   08.12.80   at   Dhai   Ghat   Samshabad, Farookhabad,   UP   on   the   bank   of   Holy   Ganges.   The   witness further   stated   that   the   dead   body   was   cremated   by   Brij   Pal Singh, under his instructions and as per their custom. 

There   is   nothing   in   the   statement   of   DW3   or   any Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 35 of 46 material from the side of prosecution to disbelief his testimony regarding death of mother of Brij Pal Singh ) or to show that his mother   was   alive   as   on   07.12.80   and   that   on   08.12.80 cremation of her dead body was not done by said Brij Pal Singh. The witness knew about the factum of death of father of Brij Pal Singh  before 07.12.80. He also knew that Brij Pal Singh  has no sibling. He denied that any place is required to be got booked on payment, at Dhai Ghat.

DW4   Ram   Bharose   Lal   is   from   Village   Narain   Pur, Fatehgarh, District Farookhabad. During the period from 1994 to 1996,   he   was   serving   as   BDO   at   Time   Ganj,   District Farookhabad, UP. He was examined   to prove death certificate Ex.DW4/A.   This   document   is   only   a   photocopy   of   death certificate of Smt. Surjo Devi stated to be  the mother of Brij Pal Singh. Its original was not proved on record .

In   his   cross­examination   DW4,   admitted     that   the original of its affidavit is not available. This photocopy also does not   bear   any   attestation   in   original.   In   absence   of   due certification/   attestation   of   this   document,   which   is   only   a photocopy, no reliance could be placed on this death certificate, Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 36 of 46 as   rightly   submitted   by   V.K.Chaturvedi   in   the   course   of arguments.

17. The   appellant   has   submitted   that   in   affidavit   in question i.e. dated 08.12.80, Brijpal Singh, deponent was stated to be resident of A­8748 C/o Raja Ram, Pahari Dhiraj, Delhi, but as per certificate issued by Municipal Corporation of Delhi , no such address existed in the said area, and as such Brijpal Singh, respondent, herein is the person who executed the affidavit.

Trial   court   record   reveals   that   letter   dated 16.12.1980 purported to have been issued by Assistant Assessor and   Collector,   Sadar,   Pahar   Ganj   Zone,   was   filed.     But   this original document was not got proved on record.  However, trial court record also contains a certified copy of this letter, exhibited as   Ex.   PW2/A.     This   certified   copy   purports   to   have   been collected from the record of petition U/s.9 H.M. Act.   The fact remains that the complainant did not examine in this case any officer   from   MCD   to   prove   this  letter   Ex.  PW2/A.     Therefore, neither   reliance   can   be   placed   on   this   document   dated Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 37 of 46 16.12.1980 nor   it can be said that no such address i.e. H.No. 8748, Pahari Dheeraj, Delhi, existed as on 08.12.1980 i.e. the date   of   execution   of   the   affidavit.     In   the   criminal   complaint submitted   by   the   complainant   to   the   court,   the   complainant herself   mentioned   the   address   of   Brij   Pal   Singh   as   Village Naraina Mau, Pargana Kampil, PS Kaimganj, Distt. Farukhabad, U.P.   As   per   settled   principle   of   criminal   law,   in   criminal proceedings,   it   is   for   the   complainant   to   substantiate   all   the allegations   levelled   against   accused   person.   Similarly,   here,   it was for the complainant to prove that the affidavit Ex. PW1/A filed in petition U/s.9 of H.M. Act was filed by Brij Pal Singh s/o Kutu Lal, arrayed as accused no.3.   But complainant could not lead     cogent   and  convincing  evidence   to  suggest  that   Brij  Pal Singh, whose affidavit Ex. PW1/A was submitted before learned Additional District Judge, was the same Brij Pal Singh who was arrayed as accused no.3.

It has been pointed out that a sale deed was executed by Sh. Y.C. Chaturvedi, father of M.K. Chaturvedi, in favour of Brij   Pal   Singh   on   01.12.80   in   respect   of   sale   of   immovable Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 38 of 46 property   by   the   former   in   favour   of   the   later,   for   a   sum   of Rs.8,500/­.   The contention is that the affidavit dated 12.08.80 was testified by said Brijpal Singh, in whose favour the sale deed was executed , and that the trial court went wrong in acquitting Brijpal in the case although his participation in commission of the crime stood duly proved.

On behalf of the respondents, it has been submitted that the sale deed was not got duly  proved before trial court and as   such   not   exhibited,   and   therefore   this   document   was inadmissible in evidence.

Trial court would reveal that copy of sale deed dated 01.12.80 executed by Sh. Yatish Chand Chaturvedi was exhibited as Ex.PW1/B in respect of a house situated in Mohalla Mathuria Patwan, Gali Kayam Ganj. The sale deed was executed in favour of Lalman s/o Sh. Horilal r/o   Mohalla Mathuria Patwan, Gali Kayam Ganj and Sh. Brijpal Singh s/o Sh. Puttulal Gaganwal r/o Naraina Mau Pargana Pampil.

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 39 of 46 A   perusal   of   statement   of   Sh.   V.K.   Chaturvedi recorded   on   19.05.2001   as   CW1   would   reveal   that   when   he deposed about Sale Deed Ex. PW1/B, objection was raised by the other side.  Once the objection was raised to the exhibition of the Sale   Deed,   learned   Metropolitan   Magistrate   should   have specifically recorded the objection raised and then decided the same then and there, after providing reasonable opportunity of being heard to both the sides, so that the complainant could get opportunity   to   duly   prove   the   execution   of   the   document.     It appears   that   the   objection   raised   by   the   opposite   side   to   the exhibition   of   Sale   Deed   was   not   decided   by   the   learned Metropolitan Magistrate. But the fact remains that without due proof of this document, same could not be exhibited, as rightly submitted by learned counsel for M.K. Chaturvedi. Even if it is assumed   for   the   sake   of   argument   that   Sh.Y.C.Chaturvedi executed   this   document   on   1.12.1980,   the   sale   deed   was   for consideration and the transfer of the property, was in favour of two persons, and not only in favour of Brij Pal, and that too not by way of gift .

Furthermore, this circumstance­execution of the sale Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 40 of 46 deed­ was even not put to Brij Pal Singh accused while recording his statement U/s.313 Cr.P.C. and as such he could not furnish any explanation/reply as regards this document.   As a result, it cannot   be   said   that   Sh.   Y.C.   Chaturvedi,   father   of   M.K. Chaturvedi executed any such Sale Deed in favour of Brij Pal s/o Sh. Kutu Lal and another, in respect of a house, on 01.12.1980, for sale consideration of Rs.8500/­.

18. Another   submission   put   forth   on   behalf   of   the appellant against acquittal of Brijpal Singh is that Brijpal Singh did   not   lead   any   evidence   in   defence   and   that   he   failed   to discharge   onus   which   was   on   him   to   prove   that   the   affidavit dated Ex.PW1/A i.e. dated 08.12.80 was not testified by him or that the same did not pertain to him.   Reference has also been made   to   illustration   (g)   of   Sec.114   of   Evidence   Act   to   draw adverse inference against Brijpal Singh, appellant.

It   is   true   that   Brij   Pal   Singh   did   not   step   in   the witness box as his own witness, but this fact does not go against Brij   Pal   Singh.     In   the   criminal   proceeding,   it   was   for   the Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 41 of 46 complainant/prosecution to substantiate the allegations leveled against   Brij   Pal   Singh   that   the   affidavit   Ex.   PW1/A   dated 08.12.1980 was executed by him.

19. In  Balwan   Singh   etc.   Vs.     State   of   Haryana, 2005[2] JCC 1021 it was held by Hon'ble Supreme Court, that while the prosecution has to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt,   the   defence   has   only   to   produce   evidence   or   show material on record which probablise its defence. 

Similarly   in   case  Chander   Bhan   Vs.   State   CBI 1998[2] JCC [Delhi]69 it was held by Hon'ble High Court that an   accused   is   under   no   obligation   to   prove   his   defence.   It   is sufficient if he comes put with a probable and plausible version. The appellant has put forward a probable and plausible version in the present case.  

In   case  Varkey   Joseph   Vs.   State   of   Kerala  1993 CAR   264(SC)     it   was   held   by   Hon'ble   Supreme   Court,   that suspicion is not the substitute for proof. There is a long distance between 'may be true' and 'must be true' and the prosecution has to   travel   all   the   way   to   prove   its   case   beyond   all   reasonable Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 42 of 46 doubt. 

In   this   regard,   reference   has   also   been   made   to decision in Suresh @ Bona Vs.  State 2013 [4] JCC 2876 Reference has been made to decision in Sunil Bansal Vs.   The   State   of   Delhi  2007   [2]   JCC   1415   it   was   held   by Hon'ble   High  Court  that  if two  views at  charge  framing stage exist, based upon the materials available, the view favouring the accused is to be preferred.

20. However, Brij Pal Singh examined in defence DW2, DW3   &   DW4.     Sh.   Deepak   Jain   handwriting   and   fingerprint expert was examined as DW­2 for Brijpal Singh accused.

Sh.   Deepak   Jain   (DW­2)   was   examined   to   prove   his report Ex. DW2/A as regards comparison of disputed signatures Mark Q1 and Q2 of affidavit dated 08.12.80 Ex.DW1/PX2 with the admitted signatures A1 available on bail application dated 09.03.84 (although the witness initially stated that Mark A1 was available on bail bond dated 09.03.84). It is in the statement of DW­2   that   he   arrived   at   the   conclusion   that   the   disputed signatures Q1 and Q2 were not written by the writer of admitted Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 43 of 46 signature   A1.     The   witness   also   stated   that   his   reasons   and observations were contained in  report  Ex. DW2/A. It  is in  his cross­examination   that   as   per   principle   of   'like   compare   like' signature in English are compared with signatures in English. He further stated in cross­examination that he had not taken fresh specimen   signature   of   Brijpal   Singh,   the   reason   being   that according   to   science   of   handwriting   comparison,   admitted signature must be of the period of disputed signature.

21. In view of the above discussion, court does not find any ground to interfere in the judgment of acquittal of Brij Pal Singh passed by the trial court.   As a result, appeal filed by Sh. V.K. Chaturvedi,   challenging   the   judgment   of   acquittal   is   hereby dismissed.

So far as the judgment of conviction of M.K. Chaturvedi recorded by the trial court, is concerned, in view of the above discussion,   court   does not  find any ground to interfere  in  the said judgment.

Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 44 of 46 On the point of sentence

22. As regards submission put forth by learned counsel for M.K.   Chaturvedi,   for   release   of   this   appellant   on   probation   is concerned,   learned   trial   court   has   given   good   reasons   for   not extending this concession to the accused.  Even otherwise, court finds   that   the   accused­appellant   defamed   his   wife   by   leveling false   and   baseless   allegations   against   her,   assassinating   her character,   while   contesting   her   claim   for   maintenance   during pendency of her petition, which she had   filed with prayer for restitution of conjugal rights.  It is true that the parties have been litigating with each other for about 36 years, marital relationship of   the   accused­appellant   and   his   wife   came   to   an   end   with decree of divorce, that the accused­appellant, presently about 62 years of age, faced trial for about 32 years, but neither it can be said that it is the accused­appellant who delayed disposal of the criminal case, nor Court finds to   it to be a fit case to extend concession   of   probation   to   the   convict,     having   regard   to   the criminal act in levelling false and baseless  allegations against his wife, resulting in defamation. But having regard to all these facts and circumstances, court finds it to be a fit case to modify the Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 45 of 46 sentence awarded to the accused­appellant M.K. Chaturvedi.  

Learned   Metropolitan   Magistrate   has   awarded substantive   sentence   of   imprisonment   for   two   months   and awarded to the complainant compensation to the tune of Rs.1 lac.  Court finds that instead of sentencing the accused­appellant to   any   period   of   imprisonment     the   amount   of   compensation should be enhanced so as to duly punish him and with a view to duly compensate the complainant.  

Accordingly,   the   amount   of   compensation   payable   by M.K. Chaturvedi accused­appellant deserves to be enhanced to Rs.1,50,000/­   from   Rs.1,00,000/­   awarded   by   Learned Metropolitan Magistrate.  

As a result, the order on sentence passed by the trial court   is  modified,  by setting aside the  substantive  sentence of imprisonment   awarded   to   accused­appellant   for   the   offence U/s.500 IPC, and by sentencing to pay a sum of Rs.1,50,000/­ to the complainant - victim by way of compensation.  The amount Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 46 of 46 of compensation to be deposited with trial court within 15 days from today.  In default of payment of amount of compensation, the accused­appellant shall undergo simple imprisonment for six months.

Consequently, CA No.5/16 filed by M.K. Chaturvedi is disposed  of  with  modification  on the point  of sentence in the manner indicated above; CA No.14/16 filed by V.K. Chaturvedi is   partly   allowed   with   modification   on   the   point   of compensation, as regards M.K. Chaturvedi, as indicated above, but the same is dismissed as regards Brij Pal Singh respondent.

Trial court record be returned.   Copy of the judgment be sent to the trial court.  One copy of judgment be placed in the file of CA No. 14/16. Appeal files be consigned to Record­Room. Announced in the open Court on this 9th September, 2016.

(NARINDER KUMAR)   SPECIAL JUDGE­2, NDPS ACT            CENTRAL DISTRICT      TIS HAZARI COURT:DELHI Mukul Kumar Chaturvedi v. Neelam Chaturvedi & Ors. CA No. 05/16 DoD: 09.09.2016 V.K. Chaturvedi v. M.K. Chaturvedi & Anr. CA No. 14/16 DoD: 09.09.2016