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[Cites 12, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

M/S Hkd Laboratories vs ) Estate Officer on 13 July, 2018

                      IN THE COURT OF MS. POONAM A. BAMBA
                            DISTRICT & SESSIONS JUDGE
                                    NEW DELHI

In the matter of :
PPA No. 255/16

M/s HKD Laboratories 
Through its Proprietor Mr.Rajesh Saigal
Shop No.36, Main Shopping Arcade
Hotel The Ashok,50­B, Chanakyapuri
New Delhi­110021.
Also at:
8C/4, Rajpur Road, Civil Lines
Delhi­110054.                                                                                                                                       ...... Appellant

                                                                                     Versus
1.)             Estate Officer
                Indian Tourism Corporation Ltd.
                1st Floor, Jeevan Vihar Bldg,
                3 Sansad Marg, New Delhi.
2.)             Indian Tourism Development Corporation
                A company incorporated under the Company's
                Act, having its registered office at Scope Complex
                Core­8, Lodhi Road, New Delhi­110003
                and Unit: The Ashok,50­B  Chanakyapuri
                New Delhi.                                     ..... Respondents

APPEAL UNDER SECTION 9 OF THE PUBLIC   PREMISES   (EVICTION   OF UNAUTHORIZED   OCCUPANTS) ACT,   1971,   ON   BEHALF   OF   THE PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 1 of 26 APPELLANT AGAINST THE ORDER DATED 03.08.2012 Date of filing of appeal : 16.08.2012 Arguments concluded on  : 13.07.2018 Date of judgment   : 13.07.2018 J U D G M E N T  1.0 Vide this judgment, I shall dispose of the appeal of M/s H.K.D.   Laboratories,   under   section   9   of   the  Public   Premises (Eviction of Unauthorized Occupants) Act, 1971 ("the PP Act" in short) against the order dated 03.08.2012   under sub sections (1) & (2­A) of Section 7 PP Act,passed by the Estate Officer ("the impugned order" in short) directing the appellant to pay the damage charges of Rs. 17,50,000/­ for the period w.e.f. 26.02.2009 to 30.09.2009 and further damages @Rs.500/­ per sq. ft. per month for the subsequent period w.e.f. 01.10.2009 to 09.03.2010, together with the interest on the outstanding amount @18%p.a. from the date of its accrual till its final payment, with respect to the premises i.e. air conditioned space of 500 sq. ft. of Shop No.   36,   Main   Shopping   Arcade,   Ashok   Hotel,   50­B,   Chanakya   Puri, New Delhi­110 021, ("the said premises" in short).

2.0     The facts in brief as per the appeal are that:

(i)   vide   license   deed   dated   01.09.2006,   the PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 2 of 26 appellant was granted license to run and operate a Chemist Shop at the said premises for three years w.e.f. 01.09.2006 to 31.08.2009 at the license fee of Rs.3,72,000/­p.a. i.e. Rs.31,000/­p.m/Rs.62per sq.ft. p.m.;
 
(ii)   on   07.08.2008,   in   an   illegal   and   arbitrary manner, a show cause notice was issued to the appellant to explain within three days time, as to why   its   license   be   not   terminated   in   view   of alleged   violation   of   sub­clauses   3   &   11   of   the Clause VII of the License Deed. As the proprietor of the appellant was unwell, the said notice could not be responded within three days. Yet another notice   dated   13.08.2008   was   issued   to   the appellant giving him a final opportunity to appear on 14.08.2008 and show cause as to why action should not be initiated against it;
(iii)the   above   notice   was   responded   to   by   the appellant   vide   its   reply   dated   16.08.2008,   duly explaining   that   the   area   alleged   to   be   used   for PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 3 of 26 office,   was   actually   being   used   to   offer   to   the customers and particularly hotel guests, a place to sit in comfort; and that the area was also being used   for   storage   of   medicines   that   are   kept   in stock or for the medicines which were yet to be placed   on   display.   Thus,   the   misunderstanding was cleared and the appellant had even offered to appear in person, if required to clarify the matter.

As there was no response  from the respondent's side, the appellant was under the impression that the matter stood explained. Accordingly, after six months, it applied for renewal of the license on 02.02.2009;

(iv) within two weeks of its request for renewal, the respondent no.2, with the fraudulent intention not   to   renew   the   License   Deed,   on   18.02.2009 convened a meeting of the License Committee. In this meeting, a reference was made to the note dated07.09.2007 of Senior Manager(V&S) which mentioned  that   the   appellant   was   utilizing   only one fourth of   the area of the licensed premises/ PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 4 of 26 the   said   premises   as   Chemist   Shop   with   only basic   medicines   and   is   also   selling   chocolates, candies, deodorants, chips, cigarettes etc. and the rest of the area seems to have been given to M/s NOGA. The Committee noted that on inspection, it came to their knowledge that   only one fourth of    the  area   (91.46sq.  ft.)  was  being used  as a chemist and the rest of the area (418.24sq.ft.) for Office use. The Committee also noted that they did not find the appellant's reply as satisfactory and   recommended   termination   of   the   License Deed.   Pursuant   to   the   recommendations   of   the said   Committee,   the   respondent   no.2   on 24.02.2009,   directed   termination  of  the   License Deed;

(v)on 26.02.2009, the respondent no.2 terminated the   License   Deed   arbitrarily   and   illegally.   On 09.03.2009,  the  appellant  replied  to termination letter mentioning that the grounds for termination were   absolutely   false   and   frivolous.   The   show cause   notice   did   refer   to   the   violation   of PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 5 of 26 Clauses(of License Deed) relating to sub­letting but neither any specific allegation in this respect was made nor was any evidence placed on record, to   show   that   the   said   premises   was   sublet   to anyone. Thus, the allegations in the show cause notices dated 07.08.2008, 13.08.2008 and even in the   termination   letter   dated   26.02.2009,     were vague   and   did   not   convey   the   specific allegations/grounds for cancellation of license;

(vi) after the expiry of the initial license period on 31.08.2009, on 14.10.2009, the respondent no.2 filed before the Estate Officer, two applications seeking   order   of   eviction   and   damages, respectively;

(vii) appellant had duly replied to the same and had   inter   alia,   placed   on   record,   a   letter   dated 04.05.2009   addressed   by   respondent   no.2 establishing that renovation work in the Hotel had commenced and was to end by September 2009.

But,   the   renovation   had   not   ended   even   by PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 6 of 26 February 2010 which caused hindrance to ingress and egress to the said premises. The said fact had come on record before the Estate Officer by way of   a   notarial   Inspection   Report   dated 16.02.2010(proved   by   Sh.Prem   Lal,   Public Notary/RW2,   Sh.Arun   Gupta/RW3,   Pradeep Kumar Dogra/RW4 and the appellant/RW1). The appellant   had   also   filed   an   application   for appointment of a Local Commissioner to inspect the   said   premises   on   17.02.2010,   but   the   same was dismissed by the Estate Officer. Respondent no.2   examined   a   single   witness,   who   admitted that he had no personal knowledge whereas, the appellant examined four witnesses. Despite that the   Estate   Officer   proceeded   to   pass   the impugned order, in utter disregard of the material placed on record.  

3.0 The appellant has challenged the impugned order inter alia on the grounds that:­

(i) the Estate Officer passed the impugned order without determining the  validity of termination of PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 7 of 26 the   License   Deed;   and   even   made   contradictory observations.   On   one   hand,   he   noted   that   the appellant had challenged the termination of license and   on   the   other   hand,   he   mentioned   that   the termination   was   not   challenged.   Thereafter,   he arrived at a finding that the termination was valid since the license was not renewed;

(ii)  the   Estate   Officer   failed   to   appreciate   that   the respondent   no.2   under   clause   IV(1)   of   the   License Deed had the discretion to either terminate the license without notice or to terminate the same by giving three month's   notice.   Having   exercised   the   option   to terminate the license by way of notice,  notice issued to   the   appellant   could   come   into   effect   only   after expiry of three months period; the appellant however was not given sufficient time. The license therefore, was   terminated   in   gross   violation   of   the   terms   and conditions of the License Deed;

(iii) the Estate Officer has failed to appreciate the material placed on record and the impugned order suffers from non­application of mind; 

PPA No. 255/16

M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 8 of 26

(iv)   the   reasoning   adopted   and   quantum   of damages awarded by the Estate Officer are illegal and misconceived as no evidence at all about the quantum   of   damages   was   led   before   the   Estate Officer. The Estate Officer failed to consider the criteria for determining damages laid down under Section 7 PP Act and Rule 8 The Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Rules, 1971 ("PP   Rules"   in   short).   Further,   the   concept   of penalty is alien to the principles laid down in these provisions and therefore, the Estate Officer erred in   taking   the   same   into   account   as   one   of   the criteria   in   assessment   of   damages.   The   Estate Officer   even   ignored   the   testimony   of   the appellant's   witness   that   the   rental   of   the   similar shop is not more than Rs.60/­per sq.ft;

(v)   the   Estate   Officer   awarded   not   only disproportionate damages but also interest @ 18% p.a.   without   any   evidence   on   record   and disregarding the fact that the area surrounding the PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 9 of 26 said   premises   was   under   renovation   since   May 2009   and   that   the   said   premises   could   not   have been rented out by the respondent no.2. Thus, there was   no   opportunity   loss   to   the   respondent.   The impugned order is therefore, a non­speaking order;

(vi) the Estate Officer also failed to consider that the respondent no.2 was bound by PPE Guidelines dated 30.05.2002. As per paras 2(iv), 2(v) & 3 of the said guidelines,   he   was   to   satisfy   himself   that   the respondent no.2 being the instrumentality of State was duty bound to act fairly. But he failed to do so;

4.0  The respondent on the other hand, sought dismissal of this appeal with heavy cost. It was submitted that the License Deed in favour of the appellant was rightly terminated, as the appellant was   using   only   one   fourth   of   the   said   premises   for   running   the chemist shop and the remaining major portion i.e. 418.24 sq.ft., for running an office, in violation of the terms of the License Deed. Even  otherwise,   the   License   Deed  stood  terminated  by  efflux  of time on 31.08.2009; and the same was not renewed any further. In view of the same, the appellant became an unauthorized occupant of PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 10 of 26 the said premises after 31.08.2009. The appellant  vacated the said premises   on   09.03.2010   and   therefore,   no   order   of   eviction   was required to be passed by the Estate Officer. With regard to damages, the respondent submitted that the appellant being in unauthorized occupation of the said premises w.e.f. 01.09.2009, it became liable to pay damages with effect therefrom i.e. 01.09.2009.   The Estate Officer     after   duly   considering   the   nature   of   premises   and   its location etc. has rightly awarded the damages.

5.0  I have heard Sh.Anupam Singh & Sh.Siddharth Joshi, Advocate for the appellant and Sh. Deepak Thukral, Advocate for the respondents and have perused the record carefully.

6.0   Admittedly,the said premises measuring approximately 500 per sq.ft. was given on license to the appellant for a period of three   years   w.e.f   01.09.2006   to   31.08.2009     vide   License   Deed dated 01.09.2006. It is also not in dispute that the said License Deed was terminated with immediate effect vide letter dated 26.02.2009 in   view   of   violation   of   sub   clauses   3(sub­letting)   &   11(used   as godown)   of   clause   VII   of   the   License   Deed,   calling   upon   the appellant to hand over the vacant and peaceful possession as per the terms.

PPA No. 255/16

M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 11 of 26 6.1  The appellant has contended that the Estate Officer did not properly consider his challenge to the validity of cancellation of License Deed. He has pleaded that the notices issued to him were vague and did not specify as to how the appellant was in violation of the terms of the License Deed. There was no breach of the above terms and conditions of the License Deed; he vide his reply dated 16.08.2008   duly   explained   that  the   area   alleged   to   be   used   for office,   was   actually   being   used   to   offer   to   the   customers   and particularly hotel guests, a place to sit in comfort; and that the area was also being used for storage of medicines that were kept in stock or for the medicines which were yet to be placed on display. But without considering its explanation, the respondent had arbitrarily terminated the License Deed much later and only after he applied for renewal of the same vide his letter dated 02.02.2009. The Estate Officer,   without   assigning   any   reason,   simply   noted   that   the termination was valid. 

6.1.1  In response, the respondent submitted that the appellant was using only one fourth of the area for the purpose of running a chemist shop. It is further submitted that in its own reply to the show   cause   notices   as   well   as   in   the   evidence   filed   by   way   of PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 12 of 26 affidavit before the Estate Officer, the appellant has admitted that he   was   using   approximately   three   fourth   portion   of   the   said premises as storage area and for purposes other than running the business of chemist although, it has wrongly stated that the said area was being used for customer waiting area. The respondent further submitted   that   the   matter   was   duly   considered   by   the   License Committee consisting of Regional Manager, Senior Manager(Civil), CAO and Manager(BMC). The Committee did not find the reply furnished   by   the   appellant   as   satisfactory   and   found   that   the appellant  had been in continuous violation of sub­clauses 3 &11 of Clause VII of the License Deed; it had been using area of 418.24 sq.ft. as office out of 500 per sq.ft. allotted to him for running the chemist shop at subsidized rate and recommended termination of the license. GM(Ashok) after duly considering the same directed termination of the license. Accordingly, the license was terminated vide   letter   dated   26.02.2009.   The   Estate   Officer   after   duly considering   these   facts   found   that   the   license   was   validly terminated. Moreover, as the appellant vacated the said premises on 09.03.2010, the said issue may  not have been dealt with in detail. 

6.2 It is a matter of record that vide note dated 07.09.2007, Senior Manager(V&S) brought to the notice of the organization that PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 13 of 26 the appellant was utilizing  only one fourth of  the area of the said premises as chemist Shop with only basic medicines and was also selling   chocolates,   candies,   deodorants,   chips,   cigarettes   etc.   and noted that the rest of the area seems to have been given to M/s NOGA. In view of violation of sub­clauses 3&11 of clause VII of the   License   Deed,   a   notice   dated   07.08.2008   was   issued   to   the appellant to show cause why action for  termination of the License Deed be not initiated as the appellant was running an office in area measuring 418.24 sq.ft. out of the total area of approximately 500 per sq.ft. licensed to him for running the chemist shop.  Said notice is not in dispute. Admittedly, as the said notice was not responded to  by   the   appellant   within   the   given  time   of   three   days,   another notice dated 13.08.2008 was issued to the appellant giving him final opportunity. The appellant then replied to the same vide letter dated 16.08.2008   mentioning   that   the   area   identified   by   respondent   as being   used   for   an   office   is   the   area   that   is   being   used   to   offer customers   and   particularly   hotel   guests   who   come   in   with   large prescriptions or are otherwise in discomfort and liked a place to sit, keeping in mind that the shop is in a five star hotel. The said reply further mentioned that in addition, the area is used for storage of medicines that are kept in stock or for medicines that are yet to be placed on display.

PPA No. 255/16

M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 14 of 26 6.2.1  From   the   appellant's   own   reply,   it   is   evident   that   the appellant was not using an area of 418.24 sq.ft. (out of total area of approximately   500   per   sq.ft.)   for   the   chemist   shop/selling   of medicines, for which the said premises was licenced. The said area was also being used for storage of medicines. It is strange that the appellant did not use the major portion of the said premises for his core  business/chemist  shop for which it was licensed and rather, used it for providing comfort to the visiting customers. Further, the appellant   admittedly   also   used   the   area   for   storage   purposes although,   clause   VII(11)   of   the   License   Deed   prohibited   use   of licensed space for godown. The said clause reads as under :

VII.COVENANTS OF THE LICENSEE
11.   The   Licensee  shall   use   the   licensed   space   for   the purpose   of   sale   of   the   above   items   and   business(as   per annexure   "A")  only   and   not   as   godown   nor  as   living quarters  not for  lodging or  any other purpose whatsover, nor shall be licensee allow any other individual or party to display, sell or advertise any goods or items in the licensed space.
6.3 The   explanation   furnished   by   the   appellant   was   not found   satisfactory   by   the   License   Committee   and   the   General Manager(Ashok),   who   then   directed   termination   of   license.   The PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 15 of 26 appellant has contended that the allegations were false and that  the findings recorded by the Committee were not true. Let me mention here that sub­clause 1 of clause IV of the License Deed provides that the opinion of the General Manager, The Ashok/ his nominee shall be final and binding with respect to breach of any of the terms and conditions of the License Deed. The said clause reads as under:
"IV  TERMINATION OF LICENCE
1. It   is   hereby   agreed   that  the   Licensor   shall   be entitled to forthwith terminate this license without notice in the event of any breach  of the terms  & conditions  of the Agreement, notwithstanding the waiver of any previous right of termination or in the event of a Petition being presented in the Court for declaring the licensee as insolvent or otherwise. In all such   cases   the   opinion   of   the   General   Manager   of   The Ashok, New Delhi and /or his nominee shall be final and binding   on   the   point   whether     or   not   breach   has   been committed.
6.4  Considering   the   above   facts   and   circumstances   in entirety,   the   appellant   has   failed   to   demonstrate   that   the   License Deed was wrongly terminated.
6.5 It would also not to be out of place to mention here that even otherwise the License Deed came to an end on 31.08.2009, by PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 16 of 26 efflux of time, in absence of any further renewal. This fact is even categorically   incorporated   in  sub­clause   4   of   clause   I   of   the License Deed, which mentions  that if fresh License Deed is not executed  for   any   reason,   whatsoever,  thirty   days   prior   to   the expiry of the initial period of three years, it will be presumed that   the   license   has   not   been   renewed   and   the   use   of   the premises by the licensee shall be considered as unauthorized.
6.6 It   may   be   mentioned   that   in  Dr.K.R.K.Talwar   vs Union of India and another  AIR 1977 Delhi 189, Hon'ble High Court   held   that   where   the   lease   of   a   tenant   is  terminated  or  the allotment is cancelled, the authority under which he was allowed to occupy   disappears   and   he   becomes   a   person   in   'unauthorized occupation of the premises. It is also a settled position of law that the onus is upon the occupant to show his authority to occupy the public premises after expiry of license  (UOI vs S.M.Agarwal & Ors., 1995(II) AD(Delhi) 293 (Division Bench). The appellant has failed to demonstrate its authority to occupy the said premises after 26.02.2009, when the license of the said premises was terminated.In view of the same, I find no infirmity in the finding of the Estate Officer that the appellant became unauthorized occupant of the said PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 17 of 26 premises w.e.f.26.02.2009.
6.7 Admittedly,   the   appellant   has   already   vacated     the   said premises on 09.03.2010.
7.0 The appellant also contended that the impugned order can also not be sustained as the proceedings for eviction initiated against it were   malafide   and   were   in   contravention   of   the   Govt.

guidelines/resolution dated 30.05.2002, which clearly mentioned that a lawful   occupant   of   any   public   premises   cannot   be   termed   as   an unauthorized   occupant   merely   on   service   of   notice   of   termination   of tenancy. The respondent was bound by the said guidelines.

7.1 It may be mentioned that the Hon'ble High Court in Uttam Prakash Bansal and Ors. Vs LIC & Ors. 100(2002) DLT 497(DB), while   dealing   with   the   similar   plea   against   LIC,   held   that   the Government  Guidelines  cannot  override  the specific provisions  of PP Act. The Hon'ble High Court, relying upon the judgment of Hon'ble Supreme   Court   in  AIR   1990   SC   166   and   AIR   1996   SC   2710  had observed that­ the Government guidelines, in view of clear statutory provisions,   would   not   stand   as   a   bar   to   initiation   of   proceedings under PP Act. In view of the same, the appellant's contention is bereft PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 18 of 26 of any merit.

DAMAGES 8.0 The   Estate   Officer   has   awarded   damages   @   Rs.500/­per sq.ft.p.m. The appellant has contended that unreasonable and  exorbitant damages have been awarded by the Estate Officer without any basis; the Estate Officer failed to consider the criteria as laid down in Section 7 PP Act and Rule 8 PP Rules and also in total disregard of the fact that due to renovation work in the hotel, access to the said premises was hampered and the same could not have fetched the damages as awarded. Appellant has also contended that no shop in the lower shopping arcade is fetching more then Rs.62/­per sq.ft.per month. The Estate Officer even ignored the evidence led by the appellant.     It is also contended that the Estate Officer also erred in observing that penalty charges need to be imposed in case of unauthorized occupation;  the concept of penalty is alien to the principles laid down in PP Act/PP Rules.

8.1 The   respondent   on   the   other   hand,   submitted   that   the damages @ 500/­per sq.ft. have been correctly awarded by the Estate Officer after duly considering all the criteria laid down under PP Act/PP Rules and taking into account the nature of the property and its prime location.  Ld. Counsel for the respondent also submitted that renovation PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 19 of 26 work in The Ashok hotel was undertaken with effect from 10.02.2010, in view   of   Commonwealth   Games   which   were   to   be   held   in   India.   No obstruction   due   to   renovation   work   was   caused   to   the   appellant's business. Ld. Counsel for the respondent also submitted that the damages are compensatory/punitive payment awarded by the court for the loss suffered by unauthorised use of public premises and has placed reliance upon   the   judgment   in  H.S.Gupta   vs   Union   of   India   And Others,ILR(1983) I Delhi, in support.

8.2  Before examining the rival contentions, let me refer to sub sections   (2)   and   (2A)   of   Section   7,   which   talk   about   assessment   of damages. Same read as under :

"7.Power to require payment of rent or damages in respect of public premises.­ (2)Where any person is, or has at any time been, in unauthorised occupation of any public premises, the estate officer may, having regard to such principles of assessment of damages as may be prescribed,   assess   the   damages  on   account   of   the   use   and occupation of such premises and may, by order, require that person to pay the damages within such time and in such instalments as may be specified in the order.
[(2A)While making an order under sub­section (1) or sub­section (2), the estate officer may direct that the arrears of rent or, as the PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 20 of 26 case  may be,  damages  shall be payable together  with  simple interest   at   such   rate  as   may   be   prescribed,   not   being   a   rate exceeding the current rate of interest within the meaning of the Interest Act, 1978 (14 of 1978).] 8.2.1  As   per   section   7(2)   of   PP   Act,   the   damages   have   to   be assessed as per the principles prescribed in that respect.   Rule 8 of The Public Premises(Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants)Rules,1971( "PP Rules"   in   short),   lay   down   the   matters   which   may   be   taken   into consideration   while   assessing   the   damages   for   unauthorized   use   & occupation of any public premises.  Rule 8 of PP Rules reads as under ­ "8.Assessment   of   damages­In   assessing   damages   of   unauthorised use and occupation of any public premises the estate officer shall take into consideration the following matters, namely :
(a) The purpose and the period for which the public premises were in unauthorised occupation­,
(b) The  nature, size  and  standard of the accommodation available in such premises;
(c) The  rent that would have been realised  if the  premises had been let on rent for the period of unauthorised occupation to a private person;
(d)  Any   damage   done   to   the   premises  during   the   period   of unauthorised occupation;
(e)  Any   other   matter   relevant  for   the   purpose   of   assessing   the PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 21 of 26 damages."

8.2.2 Thus,   while   assessing   damages,   the   purpose,   nature, size,standard of the accommodation and the rent it would have fetched etc.   need   to   be   taken   into   account   while   arriving   at   the   quantum   of damages for unauthorized occupation of public premises.

8.3  Now,   let   me   examine   whether   the   Estate   Officer   kept   in mind the above criteria while awarding damages @ Rs.500/­ per sq.ft. per month.  Perusal of the impugned order shows that after referring to the evidence led by both the sides and the arguments advanced by them, the   Estate   Officer   awarded   damages   @   Rs.500   per   sq.ft.   per   month w.e.f.26.02.2009, observing as under :

.....In   support   of   its   applications,   the   applicant   examined   one witness   namely   Shri   A.M.Jha,   Manager(F&A)   of   the   applicant's hotel   who   tendered   his   affidavit   into   evidence   and   was   cross­ examined by the counsel of the respondent. On the other side, the respondent in its defence examined four witnesses. These witnesses are Mr. Prem Lal, Advocate and Notary Public, Mr. Rajesh Saigal, Proprietor   of   respondent   firm,   Mr.Arun   Gupta   and   Mr.Pradeep Kumar Dogra. All the witnesses were cross­examined by the counsel for the applicant.
This Forum heard both sides at length and written arguments were also submitted by both sides. The counsel for the applicant during PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 22 of 26 the course of arguments submitted that the statement   of Mr. Prem Lal is not trustworthy as he allegedly inspected the license premises without   informing   or   giving   any   notice   to   the   applicant   and   is biased.  The   applicant   further   argued   that  the   witness   of   the respondent Mr.Arun Gupta in his cross examination had stated that during the period w.e.f.May 2009 to March 2010, he had visited the shop in question about 20 times and this shows that the respondent was running its chemist shop very smoothly during that period  and thus the submission of the respondent that its shop was closed during that period is not substantiated. The applicant further argued that even the respondent has not produced any evidence in support of its alleged claim of suffering business loss on account of renovation work of the applicant.
On   the   other   side,   the   respondent   contended   during   the arguments  that   the   applicant's   former   application   became infructuous since the respondent had peacefully vacated and handed over   possession   of   the   premises   on   09.03.2010.  The   respondent further   contended   that   the  respondent's   decision   to   vacate   the premises   was   not   willful   and   was   made   under   the   circumstantial pressure created by the applicant by blocking the ingress and egress of the premises from May 2009 to March 2010 causing business losses to the respondent and which has been proved by the witnesses examined   by   it.  The   respondent   further   argued   that   the termination notice of the applicant is in violation of the Guidelines published in the Gazette of India dated 08.06.2002. The respondent further argued that the applicant has failed to show the basis for its claim for the damages @ Rs.500/­per sq.ft.per month.
PPA No. 255/16
M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 23 of 26 I have gone through the entire record of the case and heard both the parties at length. ............. However, the claim of the Applicant towards   damages/outstanding   under   section   7   is   under   question. Now   the  period  of unauthorized  occupation  and  determination  of damage   charges   are   required   to   be   determined   by   this   Forum.   It should be understood that for determination of amount of damages, the aspect of opportunity loss as well as penalty for unauthorized occupation need to be looked in to. Imposition of higher rates of damage charges will act as a deterrent factor otherwise it would be a general trend for the licencee to hold on the Public Premise for a longer period after expiry or termination of the period of licence.
On the basis of ongoing discussions, documents etc. and evidence led before this Court, I, therefore, hereby in exercise of the powers conferred   upon   me   under   the   Public   Premises(Eviction   of Unauthorized   Occupants)   Act,   1971  hold   the   respondent unauthorized   occupant   from   26.02.2009   and   order   that   the respondent is liable to pay the damage charges of Rs.17,50,000/­ for  the period 26.02.2009 to 30.09.2009 and  damage charges @ Rs.500/­per   sq.ft.per   month  for   the   subsequent   period   from 01.10.2009 to 09.03.2010 i.e. the day of vacation of premises. The respondent is  further liable to pay interest on  the outstanding amount   @   18%   p.a.  from   the   date   of   its   accrual   till   its   final payment.

Rule   8   of   the   Act   provides   for   assessment   of   damages   for unauthorized   use   and   occupation   of   any   public   premises.   It   is observed that the area where the said public premises occupied by the respondent is located in prime land in Delhi and in the vicinity of PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 24 of 26 diplomatic   mission   of   various   countries   as   well   as   in   the   close proximity   to   the   Prime   Minister's   House.   The   applicant   is   the Flagship Five Star Deluxe Hotel in the location  and is thus the trend setter for determination the rental value in and around.

I therefore,................................................................... "

8.4 From the above, it is apparent that the Estate Officer after mentioning about the witnesses produced by both the sides and noting the arguments advanced by both the parties,proceeded to award damages @ Rs.500/­per sq.ft.per month without appreciating the evidence led by both   the   sides   and   recording   specific   reasons   for   accepting/   rejecting such evidence; and thereafter, he simply went on to mention that the location of the said premises was in a prime locality.   The impugned order is therfore, a non­speaking order and cannot be sustained.
9.0 In view of the above, the impugned order under Section 7(1)&7(2A) PP Act qua quantum of damages is set aside.  Matter is remanded back to the Estate Officer for determining the damages after duly considering evidence led by both the parties and recording its reasons for arriving at the quantum so determined and the rate of interest awarded.

9.1  Both the parties shall appear before the Estate Officer PPA No. 255/16 M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 25 of 26 on 19.07.2018 at 2 PM.  No further notice shall be issued by the Estate Officer.

10.0  The appeal is disposed of accordingly. 

11.0  Estate   Officer's  record  be   returned  alongwith  copy  of this judgment.

12.0   Appeal file be consigned to record room.

Digitally signed by
                                                                                                                         POONAM                          POONAM A BAMBA

                                                                                                                         A BAMBA                         Date: 2018.07.13
                                                                                                                                                         16:41:16 +0530


Announced in the open Court                    (Poonam A. Bamba) 
on 13.07.2018.                                 District & Sessions Judge
                                                          New Delhi 




PPA No. 255/16
M/s HKD Laboratories vs Estate Officer & Anr.                                                                                                                                Page No. 26 of 26