Section 115 in The Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989

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Section 115 in The Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989

115. Emission of smoke, vapour, etc. from motor vehicles.

- [(1) Every motor vehicle other than motor cycles of engine capacity not exceeding 70 cc, manufactured prior to the first day of March 1990, shall be maintained in such condition and shall be so driven so as to comply with the standards prescribed in these rules.] [Substituted by GSR 338(E), dated 26.3.1993 (w.e.f. 26.3.1993).]

(2)[ On and after 1st October, 2004, every motor vehicle operating on

(i)Petrol/CNG/LPG shall comply with the idling emission standards for Carbon monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbon (HC) given in the Table below] :-

[Table] [Substituted by Notification No. 277 (E) dated 11.4.2014 (w.e.f. 1.10.2014) ]Petrol/CNG/LPG Driven Vehicles

S.No.	VehicleType and Applicability	CO%	*HC(n-hexaneequivalent) ppm
1.	Two Wheelers(2/4 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured on and before 31stMarch, 2000)	4.5	9,000
2.	Two Wheelers(2 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured between 31st March,2000 and 31st March 2010)	3.5	6,000
3.	Two Wheelers(4 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured between 31st March,2000 and 31st March 2010)	3.5	4,500
4.	Two Wheelers(2 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31st March, 2010)	3.0	4,000
5.	Two wheelers (4-Strokes) (Vehicles manufactured manufactured after 31st March, 2010)	3.0	3,000
6.	ThreeWheelers (2/4 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured on andbefore 31st March, 2000)	4.5	9,000
7.	ThreeWheelers (2 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31stMarch, 2000)	3.5	6,000
8.	ThreeWheelers (4 – Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31stMarch, 2000)	3.5	4,500
9.	FourWheelers manufactured as per pre-Bharat Stage II emission norms	3.0	1,500
10.	FourWheelers manufactured as per Bharat Stage-II or Bharat Stage-IIIEmission norms	0.5	750”

Note.- The test shall be carried out using the instrument type approved as per rule 116(3) of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 (CMVR) with the vehicle engine warmed u after 4 run of minimum 15 minutes on a variable course under normal traffic condition. During the test the vehicle engine shall be running at idling speed and the sampling probe shall be inserted into the vehicle exhaust system to a depth not less than 300mm. In case CO and/or HC emission values recorded during the test are not within the limits, the testing shall be discontinued and the vehicle owner shall be advised to resubmit the vehicle after repair/service.*The idling emission standards for vehicles when operating on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), shall contain Non-Methane Hydrocarbon (NMHC) in place of Hydrocarbon (HC) and shall be estimated by the following formula:NMHC=0.3 x HCWhere HC= Total Hydrocarbon measured as n-hexane equivalentSimilarly idling emission standards for vehicles when operating on Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) shall contain Reactive Hydroharbon (RHC) in place of Hydrocarbon (HC) and shall be estimated by the following formula:RHC=0.5 x HCWhere HC= Total Hydrocarbon measured as n-hexane equivalent:Provided that in case of Petrol vehicles fitted with three-way closed loop catalytic converters operating in a specific city or area, the Government of the respective State or Union Territory Administration, as the case may be, may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify the introduction of measurement of LAMBDA" (dimensionless value representing burning efficiency of an engine in terms of the air/fuel ratio in the exhaust gases) and tighter emission norms for in-use vehicles with such periodicity as may be warranted, after ensuring that gas analysers capable of measuring the values, duly approved by the testing agencies, are available in such city or area, as the ease may be:Provided further that testing procedures are prescribed in TAP documents Nos. 115 and 116 as amended from time to time:Provided also that the compliance to the limits prescribed in the above proviso shall be included in the certificate issued by the vehicle manufacturer in Form 22 or Form 22-A, as applicable for the vehicle manufactured on or after 1st October, 2004:"[Provided that in the case of CNG/LPG motor vehicles operating on bi-fuel mode, the test shall be conducted only on CNG/LPG mode.] [ Inserted by GSR 84(E), dated 9.2.2009 (w.e.f. 9.2.2009).][Provided that every motor vehicle operating on Petrol/Compressed Natural Gas/Liquefied Petroleum Gas, manufactured as per [Bharat Stage-IV or Bharat Stage-VI] [ Inserted by Notification No. G.S.R. 103 (E) dated 23.2.2012 (w.e.f. 2.6.1989)] norms shall comply with the idling and high idling applicable emission standards for carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydro Carbon (HC) and Lambda given in the following Table, namely:-Table(Petrol/Compressed Natural Gas/Liquefied Petroleum Gas driven vehicles, manufactured as per Bharat Stage-IV norms)

Sr.No.	Type of vehicle	Idle emissionlimits	High idleemission limits
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
		CO%	HC (n hexaneequivalent) ppm	CO%	Lambda (RPM-2500200) +_
1.	CompressedNatural Gas/Liquefied Petroleum Gas driven 4-wheelersmanufactured as per Bharat Stage-IV norms.	0.3%	200 ppm.	-	-
2.	Petrol driven4-wheelers manufactured as per Bharat Stage-IV norms.	0.3%	200 ppm	0.2	1 +_ 0.03 or asdeclared by the vehicle manufacturer;]

(ii)Smoke density for all diesel-driven vehicles shall be as follows:-

[Table(Diesel vehicles)

Sr.No.	Method of test	Maximum smoke density
(1)	(2)	(3)
		Lightabsorption coefficient (1/metre)	Hartidgeunits
1.	Freeacceleration test for turbo charged engine and naturallyaspirated engine for vehicles manufactured as per pre-[Bharat Stage-IV or Bharat Stage-VI] [Substituted by Notification No. G.S.R. 889(E), dated 16.9.2016 (w.e.f. 2.6.1989).]norms.	2.45	65
2.	Freeacceleration test for turbo charged engine and naturallyaspirated engine for vehicles manufactured as per[Bharat Stage-IV or Bharat Stage-VI] [Substituted by Notification No. G.S.R. 889(E), dated 16.9.2016 (w.e.f. 2.6.1989).]norms.	1.62	50]

[ Substituted by Notification No. G.S.R. 103 (E) dated 23.2.2012 (w.e.f. 2.6.1989)][The free acceleration test shall be carried out using the instrument type-approved under sub-rule (3) of rule 116 as given under:-

(a)three times flushing by free acceleration to be undertaken with or without the sampling probe in the vehicle exhaust, and average maximum rpm of the three flashing's to be recorded;

(b)thereafter, with sample probe inserted in vehicle exhaust during each free acceleration, maximum no load rpm reached shall be within bandwidth of ±500 rpm of the average value in respect of 3-wheeler vehicles and ±300 rpm of the average value for all other categories of vehicles;

(c)the free acceleration test, mentioned in (b) above, shall be repeated minimum three times

(d)the smoke density to be recorded shall be arithmetic mean of these three readings;

(e)In case the smoke density recorded is not within the limits, then, the test may be repeated with engine oil temperature measured by a probe in the oil level dipstick tube to be at least 600 C:

Provided that the above test shall not be carried out if the On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) of BS-IV vehicles is switched on; in such cases, the vehicle shall be re-submitted for the above test after repair or servicing:Provided further that only for Type Approval purposes, all new models type approved on or before the commencement of the Central Motor Vehicles (Tenth Amendment) Rules, 2015 and complying with the requirements of free acceleration smoke as provided in the Central Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Rules, 2012, published vide notification number GSR 103(E) dated 23rd February 2012, need not be re type-approved for compliance to this sub-rule.] [Substituted by Notification No. G.S.R. 498 (E), dated 16.6.2015 (w.e.f. 2.6.1989)]

(3)On and from the [date] [ Brought into force on 1st day of April, 1991 vide S.O. 869(E), dated 27.10.1989.] of commencement of this sub-rule, all petrol-driven vehicles shall be so manufactured that they comply with the mass emission standards as specified at Annexure I. The breakdown of the operating cycle used for the test shall be as specified at Annexure II, and the reference fuel for all such tests shall be specified in Annexure III to these rules.

(4)On and from the [date] [Brought into force on 1st day of April, 1991 vide S.O. 869(E), dated 27.10.1989.] of commencement of this sub-rule, all diesel-driven vehicles shall be so manufactured that they comply with the standards based on exhaust gas opacity as specified at Annexure IV to these rules.

(5)On and from the [date] [Brought into force on 1st day of April, 1992 vide S.O. 869(E), dated 27.10.1989.] of commencement of this sub-rule, all petrol-driven vehicles shall be so manufactured that they comply with the following levels of emissions [when tested as per test cycle specified in Annexure V] [ Substituted by GSR 338(E), dated 26.3.1993 (w.e.f. 26.3.1993).]:-

Mass of Carbon Monoxide(CO)	Mass of Hydrocarbons(HC)	Mass of Nitrogen Oxides(NO)
Maximum grams per KWH	Maximum grams per KWH	Maximum grams per KWH
14	3.5	18

[Provided the standards for exhaust gas emissions applicable to agricultural tractors shall be notified separately.] [Inserted by GSR 338(E), dated 26.3.1993 (w.e.f. 26.3.1993). ]

(6)Each motor vehicle manufactured on and after the dates specified in sub-rule (2), (3), (4) or (5), shall be certified by the manufacturers to be conforming to the standards specified in the said sub-sections, and further certify that the components liable to effect the emission of gaseous pollutants are so designed, constructed and assembled as to enable the vehicle, in normal use, despite the vibration to which it may be subjected, to comply with the provisions of the said sub-rule.

(7)[ After the expiry of a period of one year from the date on which the motor vehicle was first registered, every such vehicle shall carry a valid"Pollution under control" certificate issued by an agency authorized for this Purpose by the State Government. The validity of the certificate shall be for [six months] [Added by GSR 338(E), dated 26.3.1993 (w.e.f. 26.3.1993). ] and the certificate shall always be carried in the vehicle and produced on demand by the officers referred to in sub-rule (1) of rule 116.[Provided that the validity of the certificate shall be twelve months for the vehicles manufactured as per [Bharat Stage-IV or Bharat Stage-VI] [Inserted by Notification No. G.S.R. 103 (E) dated 23.2.2012 (w.e.f. 2.6.1989)] norms.]

(8)The certificate issued under sub-rule (7) shall, while it remains effective, be valid throughout India.]

(9)[ Mass emission standard for diesel vehicles] [ Substituted by GSR 163(E), dated 29.3.1996 (w.e.f. 1.4.1996). Earlier sub-Rule (9) was added by GSR 609(E), dated 15.9.1993 (w.e.f. 15.9.1993).]Type approval tests

Vehicle Category	HC*(g/KWH)	CO*(g/KWH)	NOx g/KWH	Smoke
Medium and Heavy over 3.5 Ton/GVWLight diesel up to 3.5 Ton/GVWor	2.42.4	11.211.2	14.414.4	******
Reference mass R(kg)	CO**g/KM	HC+NOx**g/KM
R<1020	5.0	2.0
1020<R<1250	5.7	2.2
1250<R<1470	6.4	2.5
1470<R<1700	7.0	2.7
1700<R<1930	7.7	2.9
1930<R<2150	8.2	3.5
R<2150	9.0	4.0

Note:*The test cycle is as per 13 mode cycle on dynamometer.** The test should be as per Indian driving cycle with cold start.***The emissions of visible pollutants (smoke) shall not exceed the limit value to smoke density. When expressed as light absorption coefficient given below for various nominal flows when tested as constant speeds over full load. (As indicated at Annexure I).Cop Standards*10% relaxation in the standards for HC, CO and NOx would be given.**10% relaxation in the standards for CO and combined HC+NOx would be given.[Mass emission standard for petrol-driven vehicles-Effective from 1st April, 1998

(i)Passenger Cars

Type approval tests

Cubic Capacity (cm3)	Carbon Monoxide (gm/km)	HC+NOx (gm/km)
	Passengers cars fitted with catalytic converter	Passenger cars not fitted with catalytic converter	Passenger cars fitted with catalytic converter	Passenger cars not fitted with catalytic converter
<1400	4.34	8.68	1.50	3.00
>1400<2000	5.60	11.20	1.92	3.84
>2000	6.20	12.40	2.18	4.36

Notes.- 1. The tests will be as per Indian driving cycle with warm start. However, with effect from 1st April, 1998, the test will be as per Indian driving cycle with cold start for catalytic converter fitted vehicles as:-

Soak Temperature	20°-30°C
Soak Period	6.30 hrs
Preparatory running before sampling	4 cycles
Number of test cycles	6
Break down of cycles	Indian driving cycle as perAnnexure II

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Union of India - Section

Section 115 in The Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989

115. Emission of smoke, vapour, etc. from motor vehicles.