(a)an application may be made for compensation before the Appellate Tribunal only after either the Commission or the Appellate Tribunal on appeal under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 53-A [or the Supreme Court on appeal under section 53T] of the Act, has determined in a proceeding before it that violation of the provisions of the Act has taken place, or if provisions of section 42-A or sub-section (2) of section 53-Q of the Act are attracted.