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[Cites 6, Cited by 0]

Bangalore District Court

Bangalore Metropolitan Transport vs M/S Accord Advertising Pvt. Ltd on 12 February, 2015

Form No.9
(Civil) Title
 Sheet for
 Judgment
  in Suits      PRESENT: SRI SUDHEER H.KORADDI,
  R.P. 91
                                        B.Sc.,LL.B.,[Spl]




                          XXVII Additional City Civil Judge.

                 Dated this the 18th day of July 2013



        PLAINTIFFS:       1. Bangalore Metropolitan Transport
                             Corporation, (BMTC), Central Offices,
                             K.H.Road, Shanthinagar,
                             Bangalore-560 027
                             By its Managing Director.

                          2. Chief Traffic Manager (Commercial)
                             BMTC Central Offices,
                             II Floor, Commercial Department,
                             K.H.Road, Shanthinagar,
                             Bangalore-560 027.

                          [By Sri R.V.Jayaprakash, Advocate]
                             /v e r s u s/

        DEFENDANT:             M/s Accord Advertising Pvt. Ltd.,
                               F-1, 8/3 Sai Villa,
                               Wood Street, Ashok Nagar,
                               Bangalore-560 005
                               Represented by its
                               Managing Director.
                            2
                                                  O.S.
No.5344/2011                   .
                     [By Sri PS, Advocate]

Date of institution of the     :            25/7/2011
suit
Nature of the suit             :       For recovery of money
Date of commencement           :            6/12/2012
of   recording    of   the
evidence
Date    on    which    the     :
Judgment              was                   18/7/2013
pronounced.
                               : Y e a r / Month/s       Day/
Total duration                     s                     s
                                        1       11        24


                                           (S.H. Koraddi)
                                       XXVII ACCJ: B'LORE.




     This is a suit filed by the plaintiffs against

defendant for recovery of Rs.2,24,275/- with interest

@ 10% per annum from the date of suit till the

realisation.

     2.    In the plaint it is contended that, plaintiff

no.1 BMTC, Bangalore is established under Road

Transport Corporation     Act, 1950 and operating in
                                     3
                                                           O.S.
No.5344/2011                          .
Bangalore City,      and       plaintiff     no.2        Chief    Traffic

Manager (Commercial), BMTC                        is serving under

plaintiff no.1 and with a view to grant license to erect

hoardings at Subhashnagar Depot, Bangalore, plaintiff

invited   tenders       on     1/6/2005             under        Tender

Notification 3/2005-06.                 Defendant M/s Accord

Advertising Pvt. Ltd., was successful tenderer in

respect of the erection of hoardings at Subhashnagar

Depot, Bangalore, and in pursuant of it, defendant

was   selected     as    the        successful       tenderer.       An

agreement    for    grant      of       license    for    erection    of

hoardings was also entered into on 29/7/2005

between the plaintiffs and defendant. Thereafter,

defendant permitted to put up 8 hoardings of 24 feet

x 12 feet, and further defendant had agreed to pay a

license fee of Rs.1,12,552/- per month and the said

monthly license fees was subject to escalation by 10%

over the existing license fees every year from the
                           4
                                            O.S.
No.5344/2011                  .
second year upto the end of the contract. In terms of

the conditions of the tender, the defendant has also

paid a sum of Rs.6,75,312/- as security deposit      in

the form of demand draft bearing No. 323319 on

10/06/2005 drawn on UCO Bank. Further, defendant

also agreed to pay half yearly license fee in advance

for the privilege of using the space to erect hoardings

at Kempegowda Bus Stand. Plaintiffs after granting

license to the defendant, authorised defendant to use

the space subject to the conditions mentioned in the

agreement for a period of three years commencing

from 1/8/2005. Further, the parties were agreed that

security deposit will not carry any interest and the

same would be refunded after the expiry of the

agreement after adjusting dues, if any. So also, it was

agreed by the parties that the defendant shall pay half

yearly license fees in advance and advertisement tax

payable to BMP/City Municipal Council shall be paid
                                5
                                                    O.S.
No.5344/2011               .
by BMTC. However, the defendant had to pay other

taxes,   duties,    levies    and     penalties    to     Central

Government      /State       Government       /   Local     Body

authorities. It was also agreed that defendant shall

leave the hoardings structures after expiry of license

period   in   "as   is   where      is"   basis   without    any

advertisement or damage of material, and it shall not

remove the hoardings without prior permission of the

plaintiffs. The license granted to the defendant is

expired on 31/7/2008 and during the period of

license on several occasions defendant made delayed

payments of the license fees in contravention of

Clause 3 of the agreement. Plaintiffs have adjusted

the security deposit towards arrears of service tax and

other dues. On account of delayed payment of license

fees, the defendant is liable to pay the interest at 10%

per annum under the Interest Act, 1978, and

plaintiffs are entitled to claim interest on delayed
                              6
                                                O.S.
No.5344/2011                  .
payment of license fee. The defendant is liable to pay

a sum of Rs.1,74,216/- towards interest at 10% per

annum     on delayed payment of license fee upto

31/7/2008. In addition to that, defendant is also

liable to pay interest at the rate of 10% per annum

on the said sum from 1/8/2008 till date of filing the

suit i.e., Rs.50,069/-. As plaintiffs have issued notice

on several occasions to the defendant calling upon to

pay the arrears and final notice was issued on

15/3/2010     calling   upon     to   pay   total   due   of

Rs.21,32,377/- by adjusting security deposit towards

arrears of service tax. Notice is served upon the

defendant. Plaintiffs have restricted their claim only to

the tune of Rs.2,24,275/- reserving liberty to claim

balance arrears, and having accrued with the cause of

action, plaintiffs were constrained to file the suit, and

prayed to decree the suit.
                           7
                                           O.S.
No.5344/2011                     .
     3.   After registration of the suit, suit summons

was issued to the defendant and defendant has put

appearance through the Advocate and filed written

statement as well as counter claim denying the

averments of the plaint as false and contended that,

in pursuance of the agreement dated 29/7/2005,

defendant has deposited a sum of Rs.6,75,312/- as

security deposit through Demand Draft. Clause No.1

of the agreement clearly states that security deposit

shall be refunded after expiry of the agreement by

adjusting the dues if any. Said agreement came to an

end   on 31/7/2008, and       defendant successfully

handled the assignment during the term of agreement

and made all payments to the plaintiffs as per the

agreement. At termination of the agreement, plaintiffs

were liable to refund security deposit. However,

plaintiffs failed to adhere   to the   terms of the

agreement and it is in complete violation of the terms
                             8
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                 .
of the agreement and thereby plaintiffs have withheld

security   deposit   with   malafide   intention.   The

defendant has issued request letters on 14/11/2008;

29/11/2008; 7/1/2009; 13/1/2009 but in vain.

Therefore, defendant was constrained to issue a legal

notice on 9/3/2009 for refund of security deposit.

But, even then plaintiffs have not refunded security

deposit. The defendant has also sent break up of

accounts of Subhash Nagar Hoardings to the plaintiff

and requested for return of entire security deposit

amount through letter dated 1/4/2009, but in vain.

Defendant has regularly paid license fee and there are

no arrears as such payable to the plaintiffs. Plaintiffs

have claimed interest on delayed payments without

basis and they have no right to claim the same under

the contract between the parties. Clause No.3 of the

agreement reads thus:
                             9
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                .
          "The licensee shall pay half-yearly
        license fee in advance. If the payment is
        not made, then the BMTC shall have the
        right to remove the hoardings and adjust
        the dues from the security deposit and
        terminate the contract."
        4.   Hence, plaintiff could exercise right to

terminate the contract by refunding security deposit

after deducting the dues, if any. But, they have not

done so and filed false suit. No opportunity was given

to the defendant before forfeiting entire security

deposit amount by the plaintiffs and it is against the

principles of natural justice, and the suit is barred by

time.

        5.   Further, by way of counter claim, defendant

contended that, it is reputed and well established

company in the country, and defendant was permitted

to put up 8 hoardings of the size 24 feet x 12 feet in

Subhash Nagar Depot and it was asked to pay license
                           10
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                 .
fee of Rs.1,12,552/- per month and said monthly fee

was subject to escalation by 10% over existing license

every year. As per Clause 2 of the agreement, license

was issued for 3 years, and defendant deposited

Rs.6,75,312/- as security deposit through Demand

Draft. Defendant has paid license fee for entire term,

and plaintiffs have not remitted security deposit after

completion of the period and committed breach of

Clause No.1 of the agreement. The said amount was

deposited on 10/6/2005 through D.D.No. 323319 of

UCO Bank. Further, under clause no.1, it has been

enunciated that the security deposit will be refunded

after expiry of the agreement. So also, after expiry of

the said agreement, defendant ran from Pillar to post

to get security deposit refunded. However, plaintiffs

paid no heed to the requests and pleadings of the

defendant. The officials of defendant company made

several visits to the plaintiff /corporation but in vain
                           11
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                .
and issued letters on 14/11/2008; 1/4/2009; and

legal notice on 9/3/2009 for refund of the security

deposit, but in vain. Further, plaintiff/corporation

refused to part with the security deposit even after

expiry of the term of agreement and wrongfully

withheld the amounts. Plaintiff being a Government

statutory Body cannot act in such manner and by way

of counter claim, defendant is seeking refund of

legitimate deposits from the plaintiff /corporation, and

accrued with the cause of action sought counter claim

and court fee of Rs. 59,868/- is paid thereon under

Karnataka Court Fees and Suits Valuation Act.

Therefore, it is prayed to decree the counter claim for

Rs.6,75,312/- with interest at 12% per annum i.e.,

Rs.2,89,629/- and future interest with costs. Thus,

suit of the plaintiff/corporation be dismissed with

exemplary costs.
                             12
                                                O.S.
No.5344/2011                    .
     6.   The    plaintiff/corporation    has       filed   the

written statement to the counter claim denying the

contents of the written statement, and contended

that, the defendant be put to strict proof of payment

of license fees, and clause no.1 of the agreement says

for refund of the security deposit after expiry of the

term of agreement, but it is only after adjusting the

dues, if any. The defendant has deposited sum of

Rs.6,75,312/- as interest free security deposit, and

there was an outstanding amount of Rs.4,96,387/-

from the defendant to the plaintiff /corporation

consisting of Rs.1,47,956/- towards service tax and

Rs. 3,48,431/- interest charged on delayed payments.

Further, defendant is informed through letter dated

30/7/2008 for removing the hoardings when the

license came to an end. But, defendant has continued

unauthorisedly the hoardings even after expiry of the

period,   and   defendant    was   to    pay    a    sum     of
                            13
                                               O.S.
No.5344/2011                  .
Rs.2,00,605/- towards license fee. The defendant had

used extra space of 696 sq. feet area apart from

permitted    area   and    defendant     had     to   pay

Rs.14,51,674/- to the plaintiffs in that regard. So also,

under GSO 2/2004, defendant was liable to pay

interest at the rate of 20% per annum for delayed

period and defendant was due to the tune of

Rs.21,32,377/- towards the interest payable to the

plaintiffs. Therefore, final notice    was issued on

15/3/2010 to the defendant to remit the said amount

and it was intimated to the defendant that the

security deposit would be forfeited towards arrears

and action will be taken for recovery of balance

amount. In the meanwhile, plaintiffs have filed the

suit only for recovery of interest on delayed payments

of license fees, with further claim of interest on the

amount due from the date of expiry of license till the

date of filing of the suit by restricting their claim to
                           14
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                .
the said extent and reserving liberty to claim the

balance arrears, if any, in due course. In the present

suit, the plaintiffs have claimed for grant of a decree

for a sum of Rs.2,24,275/-     with interest at 10% per

annum from the date of suit till the date of realisation

and the interest at 10%      is claimed on the basis of

GSO and as per the provisions of Interest Act 1978.

The security deposit amount paid by the defendant at

the   time   of entering into agreement has been

adjusted towards the part of the arrears due from the

defendant and question of refunding the security

deposit to the defendant will not arise. Further,

counter claim made by the defendant is barred by

time and it is not sustainable in law, and security

deposit amount has become due on the expiry of

license fee on 31/7/2008 as per the terms of the

agreement and the suit for recovery of dues ought to

have been filed within three years from 31/7/2008
                                15
                                                    O.S.
No.5344/2011                 .
and a counter claim made on 14/2/2012 is barred by

time and it is liable to be dismissed. Hence, for these

reasons, it is prayed to dismiss the counter claim with

costs.

7.    From the above pleadings of both the parties,

the   following issues have           been framed by my

predecessor in office:

      (1)   Whether the plaintiff proves that
            defendant advertising private limited
            have committed breach of agreement
            and thereby he is liable to pay the
            suit claim of Rs.2,24,275/- together
            with interest at the rate of 10% per
            annum from the date of suit till
            realisation?

      (2)   Whether the defendant proves that it
            successfully handled the assignment
            during the term of the agreement
            and hence upon the termination of
            the agreement dated 31/7/2008,
            plaintiff   is   liable   to   refund   the
                           16
                                              O.S.
No.5344/2011                .
          security deposit of Rs.6,75,312/-
           and has wantonly withheld the same
           as alleged in the counter claim?

     (3)   Whether plaintiff is entitled for the
           suit claim as prayed?
     (4)   Whether defendant is entitled for the
           counter claim as prayed?
     (5)   What decree or order?



8.   The    Assistant    Traffic   Manager      of   the

plaintiff/corporation is examined as PW.1 and the

documents at Ex.P1 to Ex.P4 have been marked. The

authorised representative of defendant company is

examined as DW.1 and the documents at Ex.D1 to

Ex.D8 have been marked.

9.   I have heard the arguments and perused the

written arguments of defendant and citation reported

by the Advocate for the defendant.

10. My findings on the above issues are as under:
                               17
                                                   O.S.
No.5344/2011                        .
     Issue No. 1) ............ In the affirmative;
      Issue No. 2) ............ In the negative;
      Issue No. 3) ............ In the affirmative;
      Issue No. 4) ............ In the negative;
      Issue No. 5) ............ As per final order for the
                                following:



11. ISSUES NO.1 TO 4 :             These issues are taken

together since they are interconnected with each

other, and to avoid repetition of discussion.

12.   It is the case of the plaintiff that, on 1/6/2005,

tenders were invited under Notification No.3/2005-06 for

erecting hoardings in Subhashnagar Depot, Bangalore

and   defendant    company     being    successful     tenderer

entered into agreement on 29/7/2005 for               putting 8

hoardings of 24 feet x 12 feet dimensions on paying

license fee of Rs.1,12,552/- per month subject to

escalation by 10% from the second year till the end of the

contract, and it was a period of 3 years and defendant
                                18
                                                     O.S.
No.5344/2011                         .
company also deposited security deposit through DD on

10/6/2005 for Rs.6,75, 312/-.

13.    Further, it is the case of the plaintiff that, said

security deposit was without interest and defendant also

agreed to bear half yearly license fee in advance for the

privilege of using the space to erect hoardings at

Kempegowda         Bus    Stand.    Further,   the     plaintiffs

authorised the defendant to use the excess space subject

to    conditions    and   period    was   commencing        from

1/8/2005. So also, the security deposit was refundable

by adjusting dues if any, after termination of the contract

and defendant company had to pay half yearly license fee

in advance, and thereafter the defendant company had to

leave hoardings after expiry of period as it is without

damaging the material.

14.    Further it is the case of the plaintiffs that, license is

expired on 31/7/2008, but the defendant has made

delayed payments of license fees in contravention of
                            19
                                              O.S.
No.5344/2011                     .
Clause No.3 of the agreement. However, plaintiffs have

adjusted the security deposit towards arrears of service

tax and other dues, and defendant company is also liable

to pay the interest at the rate of 10% per annum under

the provisions of Interest Act, 1978, and plaintiffs are

entitled to claim interest on delayed payment of license

fee. Thus, the defendant company is liable to pay

Rs.1,74,216/- towards the interest upto 31/7/2008, in

addition to the interest at 10%        per annum from

1/8/2008 till the date of suit i.e., Rs.50,069/-. But,

defendant company has not paid the said amount inspite

of request and demands and issuance of final notice on

15/3/2010 and defendant company is liable to pay dues

to the tune of Rs. 21,32,377/- after adjusting security

deposit amount of service tax. However, the plaintiffs

have restricted their claim to the tune of Rs.2,24,275/-

after adjusting security deposit amount of service tax.

However, the plaintiffs have restricted their claim to the
                             20
                                                  O.S.
No.5344/2011                     .
tune of Rs.2,24,275/- only reserving their liberty to claim

balance arrears.

15. On the other hand, defendant by denying these

aspects has contended that, it has deposited security

deposit of Rs.6,75,312/- through Demand Draft and

under Clause No.1 of the agreement, the security

deposit requires to be refunded after expiry of the

agreement by adjusting dues if any, and it has not

committed default in payments, and it has paid

amount as per the agreement and agreement came to

an end on 31/7/2008 and plaintiffs are liable to

refund the security deposit, but withheld the said

deposit with malafide intention inspite of issuance of

letters   on   14/11/2008;    29/11/2008;         7/1/2009;

13/1/2009,      and   issuance       of   legal   notice   on

9/3/2009. The defendant company has sent break up

of accounts to the plaintiffs and requested to refund

the security deposit through letter dated 1/4/2009
                             21
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                   .
but in vain, and plaintiffs have illegally claimed the

interest on delayed payments. Clause No.3 of the

agreement reads thus:

           "The licensee shall pay half-yearly
      license fee in advance. If the payment is
      not made, then the BMTC shall have the
      right to remove the hoardings and adjust
      the dues from the security deposit and
      terminate the contract."
16. Further, plaintiffs instead of exercising right to

terminate the contract by refunding the security

deposit after deducting dues have filed false suit to

harass the defendant and claim is barred by time.

However, defendant company is entitled for security

deposit of Rs.6,75,312/- with interest at 12% per

annum i.e., Rs.2,89,629/- by way of counter claim

and    plaintiffs   being   statutory   bodies   of   the

Government cannot withheld the security deposit,
                           22
                                                 O.S.
No.5344/2011                   .
and prayed to dismiss the suit by allowing the counter

claim.

17. Further, plaintiffs have contended that, the

security deposit cannot be sought by the defendant

company with interest since it has to be adjusted

towards dues after expiry of the           term of the

agreement, and there      was outstanding dues of

Rs.4,96,387/-    consisting     of     service     tax    of

Rs.1,47,956/- and interest on delayed payments of

Rs.3,48,431/- and it is intimated to the defendant

company    through   letter    dated   30/7/2008,        but

defendant company unauthorisedly continued the

hoardings and it is liable to pay sum of Rs.2,00,605/-

towards license fee. The defendant company has used

extra space of 696 sq. feet apart from permitted area

and it had to pay Rs.14,51,674/- with interest of 20%

per annum on delayed payments under GSO 2/2004

and thus defendant is liable to pay dues to the tune of
                            23
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                 .
Rs.21,32,377/- and a notice in that regard is issued

to the defendant company on 15/3/2010             and the

security deposit has been forfeited towards arrears,

and question of refunding deposit will not arise, and

the counter claim made on 14/2/2012 after lapse of 3

years from 31/7/2008 is barred by time.

18. The Assistant Traffic Manager PW.1 Bailappa

Biradar of plaintiff corporation in his evidence has

deposed as per the averments of the plaint and

written statement filed to the counter claim and he

has produced     Ex.P1    computerised   statement of

particulars   of delayed payment; Ex.P2 agreement

dated   29/7/2005;       Ex.P3   final   notice     dated

15/3/2010; Ex.P4 postal acknowledgment. Further,

in his cross-examination, he has stated that he was

not present at the time of execution of agreement and

they have to maintain particulars of license in their

office and he knows the terms and conditions of
                             24
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011              .
agreement and admitted the deposit of           security

amount by     the   defendant company       which    was

refundable after termination of license, and that they

have not refunded the deposit as there were dues and

arrears more than the security amount and they have

not sent final settlement bill before adjusting the

security deposit and they have not demanded interest

on arrears during the term of agreement.

19. On      the     other    hand,    the    authorised

representative of defendant company DW.1 Alok

Bharadwaj has stated as per the contents of the

written statement, and he has produced Ex.D1 Board

resolution; Ex.D2, Ex.D3, Ex.D4, Ex.D5 letters issued

to the plaintiffs; Ex.D6 letter issued by the plaintiffs;

Ex.D7 legal notice; Ex.D8 letter issued to the

plaintiffs. However in his cross-examination, he has

admitted that he was not present at the time of

agreement and he knows the terms and conditions of
                             25
                                                  O.S.
No.5344/2011                .
agreement and license fee was to be deposited one

day in advance, but it is deposited on 3/8/2005

instead of 1/8/2005. Further, he has stated there is

delay payments of sl.no.1 to 6 shown in Ex.P1 and it

shows delay of 186 + 140 + 238 = 749 days of delay.

So also, he has stated there is clause in the

agreement for adjustment of security deposit.

20. The learned Advocate for the plaintiff by relying

upon the above said oral and documentary evidence

argued that, the plaintiffs have accepted delayed

payments to    help   the    defendant company             and

defendant company is liable to pay the interest on

delayed   payments,   and        that   counter    claim    of

defendant is not sustainable in law since the security

deposit has been adjusted towards arrears and

prayed to dismiss the counter claim as time barred

also.
                             26
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011              .
21. On the other hand, learned Advocate for the

defendant company by relying upon the above said

oral   and   documentary    evidence   submitted      that

defendant company has not committed any default in

payments and paid amounts regularly as per the

agreement and plaintiffs themselves have to refund

the security deposit, but failed to refund the same

inspite of requests and demands and issuance of legal

notice. Thus, he has prayed for dismissal of the suit

by allowing the counter claim.

22. The copy of the agreement at Ex.P2 shows that

defendant company had agreed to pay half yearly

license fee in advance and plaintiffs had right to

remove the hoardings and adjust dues from the

security deposit by terminating the contract under

Clause   No.3.   Further,    a   security   deposit     of

Rs.6,75,312/- was agreed to be deposited and it is

interest free deposit and agreement was for 3 years
                           27
                                            O.S.
No.5344/2011             .
commencing from 1/8/2005 as per Clause No.1 of

the agreement. The statement of particulars at Ex.P1

shows security deposit of Rs.6,75,312/- is forfeited

towards service tax of Rs.1,47,956/- and other

arrears, and there     was interest of Rs.50,069/-

charged at the rate of 10% per annum on arrears of

Rs.1,74,216/- from 1/8/2008 to 30/6/2011. The

final notice at Ex.P3 shows that plaintiffs have called

for the    defendant as per Clause       No.9   of the

agreement to pay the dues of Rs.21,32,377/- by

charging interest at the rate of 20% per annum on

delayed payments. Postal acknowledgement at Ex.P4

shows service    of said notice    on the   defendant

company.

23. The copy of the resolution at Ex.D1 shows that

authorised   representative    Alok   Bharadwaj    was

authorised to do the needful in this case. Letters at

Ex.D2 to Ex.D5 shows that defendant company has
                           28
                                            O.S.
No.5344/2011                    .
requested the plaintiffs for refund of security deposit

after completion of the license period on 31/7/2008.

Further, letter at Ex.D6 shows that plaintiffs have

intimated defendant company about the remittance of

dues and sought interest at the rate of 20% per

annum on delayed payments. The legal notice at

Ex.D7 shows that defendant company has called upon

the plaintiffs to pay the security deposit amount along

with interest at 18% per annum from 31/7/2008.

Ex.D8 shows break up account furnished by the

defendant company after service of the legal notice.

24. The learned Advocate for defendant by relying

upon the provisions of Section 3 of Interest Act, 1978

submitted that, it is the discretion of the court to

award interest and plaintiffs have no right to claim

interest by taking shelter under the said Act, and the

provisions of Section 3 (3) (ii) of the Act are not

applicable to debt, damages, and when the payment
                           29
                                             O.S.
No.5344/2011                 .
of interest is barred by virtue of agreement, the

plaintiffs cannot go behind the agreement by creating

rights, obligations [Ex contractus]. Further, by relying

upon the citations reported in AIR 1953 SC 443,

Gorakhram Saduram Vs. Lakshmibai submitted that,

the agreement at Ex.P2 is binding on both the parties

and by relying upon citation reported in AIR 1959 AP

352 State of Madras Vs. Jayalakshmi Rice Mills

submitted clause 3 of the agreement expressly

provides the remedy for the plaintiffs for delays in

payments and plaintiffs cannot go beyond the terms

of agreement by claiming interest etc., So also by

relying upon citation reported in 2008 Bombay Law

Report 3204 Friends Co-operative Housing Society

Vs. Nagpur Improvement Trust submitted that the

other things are excluded when there is express

mention of the similar things in the instrument as per

the maxim "expressio unis est exclusion altererius". I
                                 30
                                                     O.S.
No.5344/2011                .
have gone through the said citations relied upon by

the advocate for the defendant.

25. The provisions of Section 3 of the Interest Act,

1978 reads thus:

     "3.   Power of court to allow interest.

           (1)   In    any     proceedings         for    the
                 recovery of any debt or damages
                 or in any proceedings in which a
                 claim for interest in respect of
                 any debt or damages already paid
                 is made, the court may, if it
                 thinks fit, allow interest to the
                 person entitled to the debt or
                 damages or to the person making
                 such claim, as the case may be,
                 at    a     rate    not   exceeding      the
                 current rate of interest, for the
                 whole or part of the following
                 period, that is to say, -
                 (a)       If the proceedings relate to a
                           debt payable by virtue of
                           written    instrument     at     a
                             31
                                                   O.S.
No.5344/2011                    .
                     certain time, then, from the
                     date    when       the      debt     is
                     payable      to    the      date     of
                     institution            of           the
                     proceedings;
               (b)   If the proceedings do not
                     relate to any such debt,
                     then,       from       the         date
                     mentioned in this regard in
                     a written notice given by the
                     person      entitled         or     the
                     person making the claim to
                     the     person       liable        that
                     interest will be claimed, to
                     the date of institution of the
                     proceedings:
                     Provided      that     where        the
                     amount       of    the      debt     or
                     damages has been repaid
                     before the institution of the
                     proceedings        interest       shall
                     not be allowed under this
                     section for the period after
                     such repayment.
                             32
                                                   O.S.
No.5344/2011                      .
          (2)   Where, in any such proceedings
                as are mentioned sub section (1),
                -

(a) Judgment, order or award is given for a sum which, apart from interest on damages, exceeds four thousand rupees, and

(b) The sum represents or includes damages in respect of personal injuries to the plaintiff or any other person, or in respect of a person's death, then, the power conferred by that subsection shall be exercised so as to include in that sum interest on those damages or on such part of them as the court considers appropriate for the whole or part of the period from the date mentioned in the notice to the date of institution of the 33 O.S. No.5344/2011 .

proceedings, unless the court is satisfied that there are special reasons why no interest should be given in respect of those damages.

(3) Nothing in this section, -

(a) Shall apply in relation to -

                      (i)    Any debt or damages
                             upon which interest is
                             payable as of right by
                             virtue         of           any
                             agreement; or
                      (ii)   Any debt or damages
                             upon which payment of
                             interest is barred, by
                             virtue    of all express
                             agreement;
                (b)   Shall affect -

                      (i)    The           compensation

                             recoverable         for     the
                             dishonour of a bill of
                             exchange,      promissory
                             note     or   cheque,        as
                                  34
                                                     O.S.
No.5344/2011                          .
                                 defined       in      the
                                 Negotiable Instruments
                                 Act, 1881 (26 of 1881);
                                 or

(ii) The provisions of rule 2 of Order 11 of the First Schedule to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908);

(c) Shall empower the court to award interest upon interest."

26. The above said oral and documentary evidence shows that the defendant company after entering into contract on 29/7/2005 with the plaintiffs for erecting hoardings at Subhashnagar Depot, Bangalore deposited the security amount of Rs.6,75,312/- but paid the license fee with delays. However, the plaintiffs have accepted it and not terminated the contract till the date of expiry on 31/7/2008. Clause 3 of agreement at Ex.P2 shows that defendant 35 O.S. No.5344/2011 .

company had to pay half yearly license fee in advance and in case of non-payment, the plaintiffs had vested with right to remove the hoardings and adjust the dues from security deposit by terminating the contract. Further, under Clause 6 of the agreement, both the parties were required to issue three months notice in advance for terminating the contract in case of default. But, in the present case either of the parties have not invoked the said clauses. So also, in the final notice the plaintiffs have intimated about the unauthorised continuation of hoardings by the defendant company after the license period and using of extra space of 696 sq. feet for which the defendant company was liable to pay rentals of Rs.2,00,605/- along with Rs. 14,51,674/- of the extra space. The plaintiffs in their notice dated 2/6/2009 at Ex.D6 also intimated the defendant company in this regard and their liability to pay the interest on delayed payments.

                             36
                                              O.S.
No.5344/2011                  .

The calculation shown in Ex.P1 and break up account at Ex.D8 with respect to license fee, service taxes are not consistent and no reason is forthcoming as to why either of the party did not invoke Clause 6 of the agreement when there is breach of agreement. Under the circumstances, the hand in gloves on either side cannot be ruled out and the plaintiffs who have restricted the claim for Rs.2,24,275/- can very well recover the balance amount from the concerned officials of their Corporation.

27. In the present case also, there is delay of 749 days in payment of license fee by the defendant company as admitted by DW.1 Alok Bharadwaj, and admitted fact need not be proved. Further, the provisions of Section 3 (3) (ii) of Interest Act, 1978 are not applicable to debt or damages. But, the interest can be charged on delayed payments and express agreement at Ex.P2 is not coming in the way of 37 O.S. No.5344/2011 .

awarding interest. However, the interest of 20% mentioned in the notice by the plaintiff is rather on higher side and looking to the bank rate of interest, it is just and proper to award interest at the rate of 10% per annum on the claim amount. Under the circumstances, the issuance of letters at Ex.D2 to Ex.D5; break up account at Ex.D8 by the defendant company to the plaintiffs and issuance of legal notice at Ex.D7 is not of much assistance to the defendant company to establish its entitlement for the counter claim. The statement of particulars at Ex.P1 of the plaintiffs and break up account of defendant company at Ex.D8 are not consistent with respect of license fees, service taxes and charging of interest at the rate of 10% on delayed payments by the plaintiffs cannot be said to be illegal. Under the circumstances, the above said citations relied upon by the advocate for defendant company are not of much assistance and 38 O.S. No.5344/2011 .

the counter claim put forth by the defendant on 14/2/2012 after lapse of 3 years from 31/7/2008 is not sustainable and it is barred by time. The plaintiffs have sought interest of 10% per annum from the date of suit till realisation on the basis of GSO and under the provisions of Interest Act, 1978 and it can be recovered from the defendant company. Hence, I answer Issue No.1 in affirmative; Issue No.2 in negative; Issue No.3 in affirmative; and Issue No.4 in negative.

28. ISSUE NO.5: As a result of my foregoing discussion and the reasons stated thereon, suit of the plaintiff is fit to be decreed and defendant is not entitled for counter claim. Accordingly, I pass the following:

 The suit filed by the plaintiff is decreed and counter claim sought by defendant company is rejected.
                                39
                                                    O.S.
No.5344/2011                          .

 Defendant company is liable to pay the claim amount of Rs.2,24,275/- with interest of 10% per annum from the date of suit till realisation within a month to the plaintiffs.
 No order as to costs.
 Draw decree accordingly.
*** [Dictated to the Judgment Writer, transcribed and computerised by her, Script corrected, signed and then pronounced by me, in the Open Court on this the 18th day of July 2013.) [S.H. KORADDI] XXVII Additional City Civil Judge.
BANGALORE.
1. List of witnesses examined on behalf of the Plaintiff/s:
PW.1 Billappa Biradar
2. List of witnesses examined on behalf of the Defendant/s:
DW.1 Alok Bharadwaj
3. List of documents marked on behalf of the Plaintiff/s:
Ex.P 1 Computerized particulars of delayed 40 O.S. No.5344/2011 .
payment Ex.P 2 Agreement between plaintiff and defendant dated 29/7/2005 Ex.P 3 Office copy of the final notice dated 15/3/2010 issued to defendant Ex.P 4 Postal acknowledgement
4. List of the documents marked for the defendants:
Ex.D 1 Board resolution authorizing DW.1 to give evidence Ex.D 2 Letter issued by the defendant to the Traffic Manager of the plaintiff Ex.D 3 Another letter dated 29.11.2008 addressed by the defendant to the plaintiff's Traffic Manager Ex.D 4 Letter dated 7.1.2009 addressed by the defendant to the plaintiffs' director Projects Ex.D 5 Another letter 13/1/2009 addressed to the same officer of the plaintiff Ex.D 6 Letter issued by the BMTC to the defendant dated 2/6/2009 Ex.D 7 Office copy of the legal notice dated 9.3.2009 Ex.D 8 Letter dated 1.4.2009 from defendant to the Chief Traffic Manager to the plaintiff.

[S.H. KORADDI] XXVII Additional City Civil Judge, BANGALORE.

                41
                        O.S.
No.5344/2011        .

...Judgment pronounced in the Open Court....

(Vide separate detailed judgment)  The suit filed by the plaintiff is decreed and counter claim sought by defendant company is rejected.

 Defendant company is liable to pay the claim amount of Rs.2,24,275/- with interest of 10% per annum from the date of suit till realisation within a month to the plaintiffs.

 No order as to costs.

 Draw decree accordingly.

[S.H.KORADDI] XXVII Additional City Civil Judge.

BANGALORE.

2

O.S. 1487/2006