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[Cites 13, Cited by 0]

Gujarat High Court

Krishnonics Capacity & vs Manjulaben Ambalal Solanki & 8 on 16 December, 2016

Author: A.J. Shastri

Bench: A.J. Shastri

                  C/SCA/13718/2005                                                         CAV JUDGMENT




                      IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

                        SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION  NO. 13718 of 2005

          
         FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE: 
          
          
         HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE A.J. SHASTRI
          
         ======================================
         1      Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment 
                ?

         2      To be referred to the Reporter or not ?

         3      Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ?

         4      Whether   this   case   involves   a   substantial   question   of   law   as   to   the 
                interpretation   of   the   Constitution   of   India   or   any   order   made 
                thereunder ?

         ======================================
                 KRISHNONICS CAPACITY  &  1....Petitioners
                               Versus
             MANJULABEN AMBALAL SOLANKI  &  8....Respondents
         ======================================
         Appearance:
         MR PRABHAKAR UPADYAY, ADVOCATE for the Petitioner Nos. 1 ­ 2
         MR.PRASHANT B SHARMA, ADVOCATE for the Respondent Nos. 1 ­ 4, 6 ­ 9
         NOTICE SERVED for the Respondent No. 5
         RULE SERVED for the Respondent No. 5
         ======================================

             CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE A.J. SHASTRI
          
                                                Date : 16/12/2016
          
                                                  CAV JUDGMENT

1. The present petition is directed against the impugned award  dated 8th December 2003 passed by the learned Presiding Officer of the  Labour Court, Ahmedabad in Reference Case (LCA) No.2057 of 1987,  whereby   the   reference   came   to   be   allowed   and   the   respondents   - 

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HC-NIC Page 1 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT workmen are directed to be reinstated with all consequential benefits to  their   original   position   with   back   wages   by   treating   their   services   as  continuous and the cost of Rs.250/­ came to be awarded.

2. The case of the petitioners is that the respondents­workmen  were working practically from the year 1982 on the position of KVR and  all were discharging their services with utmost sincerity and honesty.  It  is the case of the respondents - workmen   that without any justifiable  reasons and without any procedure being followed, oral termination is  inflicted upon and their services were put to an end with effect from 17th  July 1987.  It is this grievance of oral termination is made subject matter  of conciliation proceedings and since the conciliation proceedings have  failed, the reference was made before the learned Presiding Officer of  the labour Court, which was registered as numbered above.

3. Upon service of the notice in the reference, the petitioners­  establishment has appeared and has submitted written reply vide Exh.8  and   oppose   the   reference   by   contending   that   when   the   respondents  workmen were discontinued, all legally payable dues have been paid to  them and the last come first go principle has also been clearly observed  and   there   is   no   violation   of   any   of   provisions   contained   under   the  Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.  The petitioners - establishment has also  produced on  record the  list of cheques, which  have  been paid to the  respondents   -   workmen   vide   Exh.20   and   vide   Exh.30.     The   various  documents also came to be tendered to justify that by properly observing  the   relevant   provisions   and   procedure   established   by   law,   the  discontinuance   has   taken   place.     During   the   course   of   adjudication,  various documentary evidence have been adduced from both the sides  and witnesses have been examined by the respondents as well and after  closing purshis having been given, the reference was taken­up for final  Page 2 of 35 HC-NIC Page 2 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT adjudication.  After considering the deposition given by the respondents,  as well as after considering the  witness, which has been examined at  Exh.36 by the petitioners - establishment, the learned Presiding Officer  of   the   labour   Court   has   passed   an   award,   which   is   impugned   in   the  petition.  The petition, initially came to be entertained by this Court by  issuing notice on 8th  July 2005 in which a specific set of circumstance  taken note of that  factory, which was running in shed no.45, is closed  since   the   year   2004,   there   was   no   possibility   of   reinstatement   and  therefore,   even  ad­interim  relief   had   been   granted   way   back   in   July  2005.  The said petition, thereafter, came for consideration in the month  of February - 2013 in which fresh notice of rule has also been issued and  in July 2016 upon representation of both the learned advocates for the  parties, it was conveyed that factory was closed actually in fact in the  year 1990 and that was not in dispute as reflected from the record.   It  was also conveyed to the Court that since idle wages were not to be paid  in view of the Section 17 B of the I. D. Act, the workmen have been  accommodated at Gandhingar unit, which is separate and distinct unit  then the factory unit in which the respondents - workmen were working  and it has also been not disputed by both the sides that even from there  also since 2008, the workmen have not been in service and with a view  to   see   that   the   resolution   can   take   place   in   this   peculiar   set   of  circumstance, the matter was getting adjourned upon their request from  time to time.   But, it appears that the time which has been taken for  resolving   the   dispute   has   not   attained   any   fruitful   result,   which   has  ultimately resulted into final hearing of the this petition.

4. Learned   advocate   Mr.   Prabhakar   Upadyay,   appearing   on  behalf of the petitioners, has contended that the compensation, which  was   legally   payable   to   the   respondents   -   workmen   had   already   been  paid in compliance of Section 25 F of the Industrial Disputes Act.  It was  Page 3 of 35 HC-NIC Page 3 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT pointed­out   from   the   various   documents   attached   to   the   petition's  compilation, more particularly page no.80, 82 and 87 of compilation,  which   indicates   that   the   cheques   have   been   drawn   in   favour   of   the  respondent no.1 and there is a certificate of bank at page no.100 that  cheques   have   been   realized.     This   certificate   of   Manekchowk   Co­ operative Bank Ltd., dated 14th  August 1998 is very much part of the  record,   which   indicates   that   there   was   some   payment   made   in  compliance   of   discontinuance   of   the   service   of   the   respondents   -  workmen.  Learned advocate Shri Prabhakar Upadyay for the petitioners  by referring to various depositions, has drawn  the attention of the Court  that almost all the workmen have admitted that they have received the  payment   made   by   the   petitioners   -   establishment.     By   drawing   the  attention of the Court to one of the deposition of witness no.2 at page  no.50   of   the   petition's   compilation,   deposed   by   Dinaben   Pravinkumar  Rathod, in which she admitted in cross­examination that company has  paid retrenchment compensation and the same has been sent at house.  She   has   admitted   that   in   the   said   cover   there   was   a   notice   pay,   the  arrears   of   pay   as   well   as   the   payment   about   the   retrenchment  compensation and therefore, Shri Upadyay, has contended that this is  almost in case of all the respondents - workmen and therefore, company  has not committed any default in complying the provision of law at the  time of service put to an end.   Shri Upadyay, learned advocate further  contended that in view of this peculiar set of circumstance, when the  company  itself   is  closed­down   since   long,  it   is   highly  inequitable   and  impracticable to implement the award passed by the learned Presiding  Officer   and   this   was   the   position   very   well   brought   to   the   notice   of  learned Presiding Officer when the award came to be passed in the year  2003.  Be that as it may.  The fact that the unit in which the respondents  are working is closed since when is the question.  Shri Upadyay, learned  advocate for the petitioners further contended that with a view to see  Page 4 of 35 HC-NIC Page 4 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT that they may not remain idle and nor they get idle wages and therefore,  in   the   separate   unit   having   a   separate   legal   entity   somehow   the  respondents  - workmen accommodated, but there also after receiving  the   amount,   the   workmen   have   chosen   to   raise   a   grievance.     It   was  pointed­out that the company in fact was closed down actually in the  year 1990 and to substantiate this, learned advocate Shri Upadyay has  pointed­out that after closure of the company, the electricity board was  also   requested   to   disconnect   the   electric   supply.     Hence,   the   said  communication   is   also   attached   to   the   petition's   compilation   at   page  no.102.     A   letter   written   by   the   company   dated   29th  January   1991.  Another   communication   is   also   brought   to   the   notice   by   the   learned  advocate for the petitioners that upon closure of the factory, even the  notice of closure was also given to the then labour Commissioner on 17th  October   1990,   which   is   annexed   to   the   petition   at   page   no.104.     In  addition thereof, the communication, which has been sent to the P. F.  Commissioner   is   also   brought   to   the   notice   of   the   Court   and   various  communications   whereby   the   appropriate   authorities   have   been  informed by the company that factory has been closed down and these  communications, which are visible from page no.108, 110 and 120 of  the   petition's   compilation.     Shri   Upadyay,   learned   advocate   further  drawn the attention of this Court that in actual terms after closure of the  unit, the factory has also been sold and even the said document has also  placed on record by the company in question.  On 20th September 1993,  the premises have been sold of on confrontation with a sub­plot number,  a clarification is made by the learned advocate for the petitioners that it  is the same factory premises, which is sold and the same is situated at a  place  shown  in  which the  respondents  - workmen  were  working  and  therefore in practical terms all the authorities have been informed about  the closure of factory premises.   Even, the premises have been sold by  way of a sale document and therefore, in such a situation, to allow the  Page 5 of 35 HC-NIC Page 5 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT impugned   award   and   to   sustain   that   of   reinstatement   with   full   back­ wages would be nothing but inequitable, illogical and impermissible to  be implemented and therefore, by referring to this document, learned  advocate has contended before the Court that this discontinuance has  taken place way back in the year 1987 and during the passage of time by  now,  29 years  have  been   passed  and  therefore,  to grant the  relief  of  back­wages in the year 2016 is almost impermissible and inequitable in  view   of   the   recent   pronouncement   of   the   apex   Court   and   therefore,  contended that the impugned award is not required to be sustained.  It  was also contended by the learned advocate for the petitioners that unit  at   Gandhinagar   is   not   a   connecting   unit   of   the   petitioners.       It   is  altogether   a   different   and   separate   entity.     But   for   the   fact   that  respondents may not be paid idle wages, this absorption for time being  had   taken   place.     It   was   pointed­out   that   to   show  bonafide  even   an  amount of Rs.2,50,000/­ is already deposited by the petitioners before  this   Court   and   out   of   that,   some   amount   has   been   permitted   to   be  withdrawn   and   therefore,   in   all  bonafide  terms,   the   petitioners   have  indicated   to   the   Court   that   entire   procedure   as   envisaged   before  discontinuance,   is   observed   and   further   in   view   of   the   fact   that   idle  wages may not be paid even they have been absorbed at Gandhinagar  unit   as  well.    But,  now  to  insist   for   the   reinstatement  and   full  back­ wages the interest of justice on the contrary would not be served.  It was  pointed­out by the learned advocate for the  petitioners  that there are  cases in which the  Directors have  appeared in common, but that fact  itself may not infer that establishment is connecting establishment and  therefore, to substantiate this contention, learned advocate has drawn  the attention of this Court a decision reported in  AIR 2009 SC 3155  in  case of Haryana State Co­operative Supply Marketing Federation Ltd., V/s.   Sanjay, and learned advocate has pointed­out that no case is made­out in  favour of the respondents. 

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5. Learned   advocate   Shri   Prabhakar   Upadyay,   has   further  contended   that   assuming   for   the   sake   of   arguments   that   lapse   and  irregularities of some nature is committed, but then at the most what is  permissible is the closure compensation only and nothing beyond.  Upon  instruction, learned advocate Shri Upadyay has submitted that closure  compensation if to be paid, the client is ready and willing to pay, but has  insisted  that impugned award is  not possible to be implemented.   To  support this contention, learned advocate Shri Upadyay has drawn the  attention of this Court to Section 25 FF A of I.D.Act and also to Section  25 FFF and then contended that only the closure compensation is to be  paid   and   nothing   beyond.     Learned   advocate   Shri   Upadyay   has  ultimately   suggested   that   after   the   passage   of   these   many   years,   an  appropriate   amount   may   be   determined   in   lieu   of   the   order   of  reinstatement   and   back­wages,  which   would   meet   the   ends   of   justice  and therefore, learned advocate for the petitioners contended that off  late there are series of decisions in which such kind of orders, which are  practically   impossible   had   been   converted   into   the   amount   of  compensation to be awarded and therefore, the same may be adopted in  present proceedings as well and by contending  this, learned advocate  has also contended that in view of the decision reported in 2016 3 SCC  340, in case of Management of Narendra & Company Private Limited V/s.   Workmen   of   Narendra   &   Company,  the   compensation   amount   may   be  awarded and the impugned award of reinstatement and back­wages is  required to be quashed and set aside.  

6. To oppose this petition, learned advocate Shri Prashant B.  Sharma for the respondents has stated that a written statement has been  made before this Court when the initial order came to be passed by this  Court.  On 8th July 2005 a statement was made that unit has been closed  in   which   the   respondents   -   workmen   were   working.     However,   by  Page 7 of 35 HC-NIC Page 7 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT referring   to   a   sale   document   produced   at   page   no.116   of   petition's  compilation, it was contended by the learned advocate that shed no.45 is  not sold, but in fact it is the shed no.40, which is sold and therefore,  there is a concealment of fact from the Hon'ble Court while taking the  initial order of interim relief.  However, on going through the record, it  appears that no such grievance is voiced out spontaneously during this  much period of time i.e. from the year 2005 to 2016 and therefore, the  situation which is emerging from the record to the unit, which is already  closed.     It   is   impossible   to   implement   the   impugned   award   and  therefore, in view of this peculiar set of circumstance, what relief is to be  passed is the question posed before this Court for consideration. 

7. To   oppose   this   petition   as   stated,   Shri   Sharma,   learned  advocate   for   the   respondents   has   further   contended   in   view   of   the  Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India, that the finding arrived  at by the learned Presiding Officer is not required to be disturbed rather  not possible to be disturbed, looking to the self­imposed restriction of  extraordinary   jurisdiction   and   therefore,   ultimately   requested   not   to  entertain the petition and dismiss the same in limine.  

8. Having   heard   learned   advocates   for   both   the   sides   and  having   perused   the   material   on   record,   independent   of   conclusion  arrived   at   by   the   learned   Presiding   Officer,   the   following   position   is  emerging from the record. 

(i) The factory in which the respondents - workmen were working is  closed down years back.
(ii) It   appears   from   the   record   that   at   the   time   when   the  discontinuance   taken   place   way   back   in   the   year   1987,   the   amount  Page 8 of 35 HC-NIC Page 8 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT according to the petitioners establishment being retrenchment has been  paid   to   the   workmen,   which   is   clearly   reflected   from   the   documents  attached to the petition's compilation.
(iii) It is also appearing from the record that not only the amount has  been  paid  at  the  time  of discontinuance,  but various  communications  also been sent by the petitioners establishment to indicate closure of the  unit.     The   record   reveals   that   the   labour   Commissioner,   Electricity  Board, concerned Inspector, the Excise authority, P.F. Commissioner and  various authorities have been specifically informed in writing, indicating  the closure of the unit and therefore, it appears that some formality has  been undertaken by petitioners establishment while closing the unit and  while discontinuing the respondents - workmen on account of it.
(iv) It   is   also   appearing   from   the   record   that   the   amount   of  compensation, which has been paid by the petitioners to the respondents  is   admitted   fact   coming   from   the   cross­examination   of   respondents   - 

workmen and therefore, it appears that except this a dispute has been  raised.

(v) It   is   also   emerging   from   the   record   that   the   amount   of  Rs.2,50,000/­   in   the   year   2008   has   already   been   deposited   by   the  petitioners establishment to show the bonafide way back in the year 2008  and out of that the respondents - workmen have also been permitted to  withdraw   the   amount   proportionately   and   rest   of   the   amount   was  deposited   and   therefore,   it   appears   that   the   respondents   -   workmen  have received something in compliance with the statutory provisions.

(vi) A   further   fact,   which   is   revealed   from   the   record   is   that   the  respondents - workmen undisputably were absorbed in another unit at  Page 9 of 35 HC-NIC Page 9 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT Gandhinagar,   which   is   a   separate   unit   and   there   on   account   of  discontinuance,   a   separate   reference   appear   to   have   also   been   filed,  which   is   not   disputed   by   the   learned   advocate   for   the   respondents   -  workmen.

9. The evidence as a whole is reflecting such kind of position  prevailing on record and therefore, in the context of this, the Court is  required   to   examine   the   validity   and   practicability   of   the   impugned  award, which is the subject matter of main petition. 

10. Now to deal with  the  contention  raised by the  respective  sides, first of all some of the statutory provisions are required to be taken  note   of   and   its   effect   in   the   context   of   present   material   on   record.  Section   25   F   of   the   Industrial   Disputes   Act   deals   with   condition  precedent to retrenchment of workman.  Section 25 FF A is dealing with  a   situation   where   if   there   is   an   intention   of   closing   down   of   any  undertaking,   60   days   prior   notice   is   required   to   be   given   to   the  concerned   person.     Section   25   FFF   is   dealing   with   the   compensation  payable to the workman in case of closing down of a undertaking and  Section 25 G is dealing with the provision of procedure to be adopted for  the   retrenchment   and   therefore,   these   are   the   relevant   provisions,  statutory provisions, which are required to be considered in light of the  peculiar set of circumstance as it reflected on record of the present case. 

11. As   can   be   seen   from   the   relevant   record   of   the   petition,  which   was   also   stated   to   have   been   a   part   of   the   record   of   learned  Presiding Officer, that the petitioners ­ establishment has undisputedly  closed   since   long   and   further   while   closure   of   the   said   unit,   various  concerned authorities have been posted with the facts by the petitioners  establishment.     So   much   so,   that   whatever   according   to   petitioners,  Page 10 of 35 HC-NIC Page 10 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT payable   to   the   respondents   -   workmen,   appear   to   have   been   paid  through cheques and record further indicates that those cheques have  been   realized   to   which   a   certificate   also   came   to   be   issued   by   the  concerned bank and therefore, in view of this situation, it clearly appears  that it is not a case of discontinuance without any formality or a closure  of factory without intimation.   However, the discontinuance has taken  place   in   the   year   1987   and   right   from   the   year   1990   onwards,   the  establishment in which respondents were working has remained closed.  Even, in the year 2004 also the position was reiterated as it appears from  the   record.     Therefore,   the   concerned   workmen   i.e.   the   respondents  herein have not worked, as the unit was closed.   It is also transpiring  from the record that even the premises have been sold of by way of a  sale agreement, which is also made part of the record.   The confusion  was   tried   to   be   generated   by   the   respondents   by   referring   to   the  indenture of sale in which there was a reference to sub­plot no.40 and  referring to this, a contention is tried to be taken that shed no.45 is not  closed or sold, but it is shed no.40, which was sold of, and qua this,  learned advocate  representing  the  petitioners  has  clarified that  it  is  a  number of sub­plot and the shed and furthermore, it has been clarified  that   the   respondents   -   workmen   were   accommodated   at   a   place   at  Gandhinagar   whereas   this   document   is   related   to   Odhav   area   and  therefore, numbering of sub­plot will not create any confusion as it is  related to a land bearing sub­plot number.  Learned advocate has further  drawn the attention of this Court that even in the year 2005 when the  petition came to be entertained by this Court, on 8th July 2005 a specific  instruction   was   received   by   the   learned   advocate   that   shed   no.45   is  closed   since   2004   upon   which   the   interim   relief   was   granted   and  therefore, this confusion is tried to be created just with a view to divert  the attention from the core facts of the petition and therefore, it appears  that this change of number or wrong incorporation of a number will not  Page 11 of 35 HC-NIC Page 11 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT substantially   affect   the   controversy   involved   in   the   petition   and  therefore, it can safely be said that the unit in which the respondents  were working has remained closed since number of years and therefore,  there is no question of reinstatement of the respondents­workmen.  On  the contrary, an award of back­wages to such a unit is also thrusting  upon a liability,  which  is  highly inequitable  and therefore, the  award  practically has become impossible to be implemented and therefore, the  request made by the learned advocate representing the petitioners that  the  award be  substituted   in  terms  of  awarding  compensation,  sounds  reasonable.

12. While   referring   to   the   affidavit­in­reply   filed   by   the  respondents - workmen, it has been contended that there is a constant  tendency   shown   by   the   petitioners   not   to   comply   the   orders   by   the  Courts and petitioners - company is habituated to suppress the fact and  not to disclose the material facts.  A grievance is raised in the affidavit­ in­reply that the permission for closure of the factory was by virtue of  letter dated 17th  October 1990, but to substantiate that nothing is put­ forth   by   the   petitioners   and   therefore,   in   view   of   the   conduct,   no  leniency be shown in favour of the petitioners.  It was also contended by  the   learned   advocate   for   the   respondents   -   workmen   that   civil  application for vacating interim relief and to grant the benefit of Section  17  B  has  already  been  filed,  as  after  accommodating  to  Gandhinagar  unit,   the   respondent   workmen   again   have   become   unemployed   w.e.f.  March 2006 and therefore, the Court was constrained to pass the order  in Civil Application No.7424 of 2006.   It was also pointed­out by the  learned advocate that even the direction which has been issued by the  Division Bench of this Court in L.P.A. No.1515 of 2006, the same is also  not   complied   with   and   therefore,   looking   to   the   conduct   of   the  petitioners, no equitable jurisdiction be exercised.  A tendency to commit  Page 12 of 35 HC-NIC Page 12 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT a breach of orders of the Court may not be viewed leniently.  On account  of   this   conduct,   learned   advocate   for   the   respondents   submitted   that  even the labour Commissioner was also directed to join as a party and  necessary direction has also been given on 12th  August 2008 in M.C.A.  No.1233  of 2007  the  order  was passed by the  Division  Bench  of  this  Court and therefore, an audacity has been shown by the petitioners to  just seat tight over the order of the Court and not pass on the benefit of  the respondents - workmen.  Section 17 B benefit was to be given on the  basis of last drawn wages, but surprisingly after 1 st May 2006 no wages  have been paid under Section 17 B till date and there was a grievance  voiced­out   that   at   Gandhinagar   unit,   they   were   not   paid   last   drawn  wages,   but   only   salary   under   minimum   wages   has   been   paid   and  therefore, in true sense the compliance of Section 17 B of the I.D. Act is  not observed by the petitioners.  On the contrary, at Gandhinagar also a  termination has taken place, which has generated another reference in  the   year   2009   and   the   workers   were   compel   to   raise   such   industrial  dispute and the same is pending.  The details of those references filed by  the   respondents   -   workmen,   after   they   were   discontinued   from  Gandhinagar   unit,   has   been   made   in   paragraph   no.14   of   their   reply.  Therefore, considering this set of circumstance, learned advocate for the  respondents - workmen has suggested that the petitioners establishment  has misused their position and have not complied with the orders of the  Court and rather frustrated the very object for which the Court may not  entertained this petition and therefore, even if the reinstatement is not  possible, the learned advocate for the respondents - workmen urges the  Court to dismiss the present petition.

13. Several documents have been made part of the proceedings  from   which   request   of   the   respondents   -   workmen   is   reflected.  However, be that as it may.  Here is a case where the impugned award  Page 13 of 35 HC-NIC Page 13 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT in its present form is not possible to be implemented.  The lapse of more  than   29   years'   period   would   clearly   indicate   that   the   interference   is  required to be made, more particularly in view of the fact that a request  has been made by the learned advocate for the petitioners that his client  is ready and willing to pay the compensation in lieu of such award so as  to   see   that   controversy   can   be   finalised.     Learned   advocate   for   the  petitioners   has   drawn   the   attention   of   the   Court   to   the   statutory  provisions   contained   under   Section   25   FFF   of   I.D.   Act   and   then  contended   that  only  his  client  is  subjected  to  at  the   best   payment  of  closure   compensation   and   nothing   else.     To   this   proposition   and   the  submission, looking to the record of the present petition, the same is not  possible   to   be   accepted   as   the   condition   pursuant   to   the   statutory  provision appears to have not complied with in its true spirit.  From the  aforesaid position, to some extent, it appears that the impugned award  deserves  to   be   modified   as  the   same  is   highly  inequitable   and  rather  impossible to be implemented and therefore, taking clue from the recent  decisions of apex Court, reported in AIR 2016 SC 4441 in case of General  Secretary,   Coal   Washeries   Workers   Union,   Dhanbad   V/s.   Employers   in   relation to the Managerment of Dugda Washery of M/s. BCCL, the Court is  of   the   opinion   that   the   interest   of   justice   will   be   maintained   if   the  impugned   award   is   to   be   substituted   by   awarding   reasonable  compensation.   The relevant extract of the said decision is reproduced  hereinafter for immediate perusal. 

"5. Considering   the   arguments   of   both   sides,   in   our   opinion,   the   Division   Bench   was   right   in   observing   that,   in  the   facts   of  the   present   case,   an   order   of   reinstatement   must   be   eschewed,   being   inequitable.     The   workmen,   however,   must   be   compensated in lieu of reinstatement.    Applying  the   Page 14 of 35 HC-NIC Page 14 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT principle   underlying   the   decisions   of   this   Court   in   Ruby   General  Insurance   Co.   Ltd.,   V/s.   P.P.   Chopra   and the recent case of Delhi International Airport (P)   Ltd. V/s. Union of India, in our considered opinion,   interest   of   justice   would   be   met   by   enhancing   the   amount   of   compensation   in   lieu   of   reinstatement/absorption   and   regularisation   quantified at Rs.1,50,000/­  (Rupees One Lakh Fifty   Thousand) to each workmen.  For, the workmen have   already   received   wages   from   October   2004   to   January   2012   in   terms   of   the   order   under   Section   17(B)  of the  Industrial  Disputes  Act,  1947  without   any   work   assigned   to   them.     The   respondent   paid   minimum   wages   to   the   concerned   workmen   during   the relevant period as the workmen were not able to   produce any document in support of their last drawn   wages.
6. This   lump   sum   compensation   amount   of   Rs.1,50,000/­ to each workmen would be in full and   final   settlement   of   all   the   claims   of   the   concerned   workmen   and   substitute   the   order   passed   by   the   Tribunal to that extent, without any further enquiry   as to whether the concerned workmen was gainfully   employed during the relevant period or not. 

14. Yet in another decision reported in  2016 3 SCC 340, in case  of  Management of Narendra & Company Private Limited V/s. Workmen of   Narendra   &   Company,  in   which   also   by   taking   note   of   the   fact   that  company   has   become   defunct   and   non­functioning,   the   appropriate  order of granting benefit in monetary terms be awarded and therefore,  the   learned   advocate   has   pressed   reliance   upon   it   and   the   relevant  Page 15 of 35 HC-NIC Page 15 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT extract   is   contained  in   paragraph  nos.4  and  6,  which  are  reproduced  hereinafter.

"4. Once the learned Single Judge having seen the   records and come to the conclusion that the industry   was not functioning after January, 1995, there is no   justification   in   entering   a   different   finding   without   any further material before the Division Bench.  The   appellate   bench   ought   to   have   noticed   that   the   statement of MW­3 is itself part of the evidence before   the  Labour  Court.    Be  that  as it may,  in an inter­ court appeal, on a finding of fact, unless the appellate   Bench   reaches   a   conclusion   that   the   finding   of   the   Single Bench is perverse, it shall not disturb the same.   Merely   because   another   view   or   a   better   view   is   possible,   there   should   be   no   interference   with   or  disturbance of the order passed by the Single Judge,   unless both sides agree for a fairer approach on relief.
6. Hence,   the   order   for   payment   of   back   wages   beyond January 1995 is vacated, and in all the other   aspects, the order passed by the Division Benches  is   retained.   In case, the workmen have not been paid   the benefits which they are entitled to, the same shall   be paid within a period of three months from today,   failing   which,   the   respondent   -   workmen   shall   be   entitled   to   interest   at   the   rate   of   10   per   cent   per   annum.

15. In other recent pronouncement also whenever such kind of  situation   has   erected   wherein,   the   award   of   reinstatement   and   back­ Page 16 of 35 HC-NIC Page 16 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT wages   is   not   possible   to   be   implemented   and   found   to   be   highly  inequitable on account of lapse of time,  the Courts have modulated the  award and substituted award in terms of compensation of a reasonable  amount.  The extract of the said decision are reproduced as under :­ 15.1 The Division Bench of this Court in case of Abad Dairy V/s.   Manjibhai Dhanjibhai reported in 2000 (3) GLH 409  while dealing with  almost similar situation, has considered the situation and observed that  the   Court   has   to   consider   the   relevant   circumstance   which   might  ultimately justify the denial of relief. In the facts of the aforesaid case,  the Abad Dairy was a sick unit was in financial crunch and almost on the  verge of closure and in the context of that situation, the Division Bench  has considered the   decision  of  the   Supreme  Court and held like  this.  Relevant extract of the said decision which is contained in Para.30 and  31, same are reproduced hereinafter :

"30.   Considering   the   claim   of   regularisation   or   reinstatement   and   backwages   to   the   workmen,   the   financial   condition   of   the   Industry   and   its   requirement   for   the   jobs   or   posts   cannot   be   overlooked.   As   a   matter   of   fact,   these   are   very   relevant circumstances and might justify denial in a   given case. In the instant case, admittedly Abad Dairy   is   now   a   sick   unit.   Due   to   competitive   market   in   Gujarat its business has gone down so much that it is   under tremendous financial strain. There are few job   opportunities available with it.   As has been pointed   out in the reply affidavit the sale of milk in the year   1994­95 was 3 lacs litres per day which at the time   of   filing   reply   in   the   petition   in   the   month   of   February 1995 had gone down to hardly 45000 litres   Page 17 of 35 HC-NIC Page 17 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT per day. The statement on affidavit reads:
"With the sale of milk taking nose­dive as aforesaid,   it was no longer possible for the respondent Dairy to   provide work to even its permanent workmen. Since   large number of permanent workmen were surplus in   the   Dairy   there   is   a   burden   of   idle   wages.   The   employer   had   to   introduce   voluntary   retirement   schemes   resulting   in   671   workmen   availing   the   benefit of retirement. The adverse market conditions   has   financially   crippled   the   dairy.   It   showed   accumulated  losses  at the  end  of financial  year  31st  March, 1994 to the tune of Rs.27,75,03,767/­. As a   result   it   was   declared   sick   unit   by   the   Board   of   Industrial and Financial Construction by order passed   on 26.10.1994."

Without   going   into   the   legal   question   whether   the   provisions   of   Section   22(3)   of   the   Sick   Industrial   Undertakings Act would bare any such proceedings at   the  instance  of the  workmen  for  regularisation  and   back   wages,   we   are   clearly   of   the   opinion   that   it   would be highly unjust to grant workmen the relief of   regularisation   and   back   wages   as   prayed   by   them   which the sick unit is unable to provide.

31. In rejecting the claim of the workmen, we are   supported   by   the   following   observations   of   the   Supreme Court in the case of Surendra Kumar Verma   Vs. The Central Government Indsutrail Tribunal­cum­ Labour   Court,   New   Delhi   and   Another   reported   in   1981 SC 422.  The relevant portion reads as under:

Page 18 of 35
HC-NIC Page 18 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT "6. ........ But there may be exceptional circumstances   which   make   it   impossible   or   wholly   inequitable   to   grant   reinstatement   with   full   back   wages.   For   instance,   the   industry   might   have   closed   down   or   might be in severe financial doldrums; the workmen   concerned   might   have   secured   better   or   other   employment elsewhere and so on. In such situations,   there is vestige of discretion left in the Court to make   appropriate consequential orders.

The Court may deny the relief of reinstatement where   reinstatement is impossible because the industry has   closed down. The Court may deny the relief of award   of   full   back   wages   where   that   would   place   an   impossible burden on the employer. ....."

15.2 Just recent decision delivered by the Supreme Court in case  of  General   Secretary,   Coal   Washeries   Workers   Union,Dhanbad   V/s.    Employers in relation to the Management of Dugda  Washery of M/s. BCCL.

   ,  reported in  AIR 2016 SC 4441, while dealing with such a situation, the  Supreme Court has considered an issue as to what is the relief to be  couched   in   a   situation   like   this   and   the   relevant   extract   of   the   said  decision based upon earlier decision of the Supreme Court is reproduced  hereinafter :

"3.   ....   The   Division   Bench,   therefore,   modified   the   award in the following terms:
"We considered the submission of the learned counsel   for the parties and we are of the view that even the   Labour court was of the view that these workmen are   Page 19 of 35 HC-NIC Page 19 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT not entitled to full back wages in view of the fact that   they   did   not   work   and   the   back   wages   were   also   awarded  w.e.f. 1st  July 1990.  The  workmen  worked   from   1986­1990   for   which   they   got   their   salary/wages   and   this   fact   is   not   in   dispute.   Thereafter the workmen are getting the benefit of the   payment   of   wages   in   view   of   Section   17(b)   of   the   Industrial  Disputes  Act,  1947  in view  of  the  award   dated 19th  July 2007. In view of the above fact that   these  workmen  are  not  working  since  1990,   we  do   not   find   it   equitable   to   maintain   the   order   to   reinstate the employees after 20 years. So far as the   compensation   in   lieu   of   the   reinstatement   is   concerned, we deem it proper to award Rs.50,000/­ (fifty thousand) to each of the workmen in addition   to whatever amount has been paid to these workmen   under Section 17(b) of the said Act by the appellant.
With   this   modification,   this   LPA   is   partly   allowed to the extent as indicated above."

5. Considering   the   arguments   of   both   sides,   in   our  opinion,   the   Division   Bench   was   right   in   observing   that,   in   the   facts   of   the   present   case,   an   order   of   reinstatement   must   be   eschewed,   being   inequitable.  The   workmen,   however,   must   be   compensated   in   lieu  of   reinstatement.   Applying   the   principle   underlying   the   decisions   of   this   Court   in   Ruby General Insurance Co.  Ltd. vs. P.P. Chopra[1]   and the recent case of Delhi International Airport (P)   Ltd. vs. Union of India[2], in our considered opinion,   interest   of   justice   would   be   met   by   enhancing   the   Page 20 of 35 HC-NIC Page 20 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT amount   of   compensation   in   lieu   of   reinstatement/absorption   and   regularisation   quantified   at   Rs.1,50,000/­(Rupees   One   Lakh   Fifty   Thousand) to each workmen. For, the workmen have   already   received   wages   from   October   2004   to   January  2012   in   terms   of   the   order   under   Section   17(B)  of the  Industrial  Disputes  Act,  1947  without   any   work   assigned   to   them.   The   respondent   paid   minimum   wages   to   the   concerned   workmen   during   the relevant period as the workmen were not able to   produce any document in support of their last drawn   wages.

6. This   lump   sum   compensation   amount   of   Rs.1,50,000/­ to each workmen would be in full and   final   settlement   of   all   the   claims   of   the   concerned   workmen   and   substitute   the   order   passed   by   the   Tribunal to that extent, without any further enquiry   as to whether the concerned workmen was gainfully   employed during the relevant period or not."

15.3 In  a  further  decision,   the  apex  Court   in  case  of  Assistant  Engineer,   Rajasthan   Development   Corporation   and   Another   V/s.   Gitam   Singh, reported in 2013 (5) SCC 136 wherein, upon examination of  the  record, the reinstatement with continuity in service and 25% back wages  award came to be converted into a compensation of Rs.50,000/­.  After  considering several decisions in the aforesaid decision, the Hon'ble Apex  Court found that the judicial discretion exercised by the Labour Court in  granting award of reinstatement found to be erroneous and a lumpsum  amount of Rs.50,000/­ came to be awarded, the relevant paragraph of  this direction is reproduced hereinafter.

Page 21 of 35

HC-NIC Page 21 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT "28. We may also refer to a recent decision of this   Court   in   Bharat   Sanchar   Nigam   Limited   v.   Man   Singh   [24].   That   was   a   case   where   the   workmen,   who   were   daily   wagers   during   the   year   1984­85,   were terminated without following Section 25­F. The   industrial   dispute   was   raised   after   five   years   and   although   the   Labour   Court   had   awarded   reinstatement   of   the   workmen   which   was   not   interfered by the High Court, this Court set aside the   award   of  reinstatement   and   ordered   payment   of   compensation. In paragraphs 4 and 5 (pg.559) of the   Report this Court held as under:

"4.   This   Court   in   a  catena  of   decisions   has   clearly  laid   downthat   although   an   order of retrenchment passed in violation   of Section 25­F of the Industrial Disputes   Act   may   be   set   aside   but   an  award   of   reinstatement should not be passed. This   Court has distinguished between a daily   wager  who  does  not  hold  a post and  a   permanent employee.
5. In   view   of   the   aforementioned   legal   position  and   the   fact   that   the   respondent   workmen   were   engaged   as   "daily   wagers"   and   they   had   merely   worked for more than 240 days, in our   considered   view,   relief   of   reinstatement   cannot be said to be justified and instead,   monetary compensation  would  meet the   Page 22 of 35 HC-NIC Page 22 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT ends of justice."

29. In light of the above legal position and having   regard  to the  facts  of the  present  case, namely,  the   workman  was engaged as daily wager  on 1­3­1991   and   he   worked   hardly   for   eight   months   from   1­3­ 1991 to 31­10­1991, in our view, the Labour Court   failed to exercise its judicial discretion appropriately.   The judicial discretion exercised by the Labour Court   suffers   from   serious   infirmity.   The   Single   Judge   as   well   as   the   Division   Bench   of   the   High   court   also   erred in not considering the above aspect at all. The   award   dated   28­6­2001   directing   reinstatement   of   the   respondent   with   continuity   of   service   and   25%   back wages in the facts and circumstances of the case   cannot be sustained and has to be set aside and is set   aside. In our view, compensation of Rs.50,000 by the   appellant   to   the  respondent   shall   meet   the   ends   of   justice. We order accordingly. Such payment shall be   made to the respondent within six weeks from today   failing which the same will carry interest @9% per   annum."

15.4 In   another   decision   of   the   Apex   Court   in   case   of  Bharat   Sanchar Nigam Limited and Ors. V/s. Kailash Narayan  Sharma    , reported in  (2014)   16   SCC   440  also,   similar   proposition   is   reiterated.   Relevant  observations are as under :

"9. In last few years it has been consistently held   by this Court that relief by way of reinstatement with   back wages is not automatic even if termination of an   employee is found to be illegal or is in contravention   Page 23 of 35 HC-NIC Page 23 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT of   the   prescribed   procedure   and   that   monetary   compensation   in   lieu   of   reinstatement   and   back   wages   in   cases   of   such   nature   maybe   appropriate.   (See U.P. State Brassware Corpn. Ltd. v. Uday Narain   Pandey,   (2006)   1   SCC   479;   Uttaranchal   Forest   Development Corpn. v.M.C. Joshi,   (2007)   9   SCC   353; State of M.P. v. Lalit Kumar Verma, (2007) 1   SCC 575; M.P. Admn. v. Tribhuban, (2007) 9 SCC   748; Sita Ram v. Moti Lal  Nehru Farmers Training   Institute,   (2008)   5   SCC   75;   Jaipur   Development   Authority v. Ramsahai, (2006) 11 SCC 684; GDA v.   Ashok   Kumar,   (2008)   4   SCC   261   and   Mahboob   Deepak v. Nagar Panchayat, Gajraula, (2008) 1 SCC  
575).

x x x

11. In view of the aforesaid legal position and the   fact that the workmen were engaged as daily wagers   about 25 years back and they worked hardly for 2 or   3   years,   relief   of   reinstatement   and   back   wages   to   them   cannot   be   said   to   be   justified   and   instead   monetary compensation would sub serve the ends of   justice. In our considered view, the compensation of L  40,000/­ to each of the workmen (respondent nos. 1   to   14)   shall   meet   the   ends   of   justice.   We   order   accordingly.   Such   payment   shall   be   made   within   6   weeks from today, failing which the same shall carry   interest at the rate of 9 per cent per annum."

15.5   In   another   decision   in   the   case   of  Senior  Superintendent        Telegraph (Traffic), Bhopal V/s Santosh  Kumar Seal and others    , reported in   ( 2010) 6 SCC 773    , the Hon'ble Apex Court has dealt with a case of daily  Page 24 of 35 HC-NIC Page 24 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT wager having been retrenched while applying Section 25F of the Act has  held that relief by way of reinstatement with back wages not automatic  even   if   termination   of   the   employee   is   found   to   be   illegal   or   in  contravention of the procedure. In that case also, a situation was erupted  that after almost a period of more than 25 years, a situation had arisen  to reinstate the workman with back wages who has hardly worked for 2­ 3   years   and   therefore   in   such   a   situation   when   even   if   there   was  violation of Section 25F, a monetary compensation came to be awarded.  The relevant paragraphs are as under:

"7. The learned Senior Counsel for the appellant then   submitted   that   vide   order   dated   10­2­1987,   the   services of the workmen were not terminated but they   were   redeployed   in   the   office   of   AE   (Cables)   CTX,   Bhopal;   the   workmen,   however,   did   not   join   their   duty   there   and   they   abandoned   their   service.   The   Tribunal   referred   to   the   cross­examination   of   the   appellant's   witness   Shri   A.K.Saxena   in   this   regard   and  did not find  any merit in this submission.  The   High   Court   found   no   justification   to   interfere   with   the   said   finding   of   the   Tribunal.   We   have   no   justifiable   reason   to   take   a   different   view   on   facts   found by the Tribunal.
9. In the last few years it has been  consistently   held by this Court that relief by way of reinstatement   with back wages is not automatic even if termination   of   an   employee   is   found   to   be   illegal   or   is   in   contravention   of   the   prescribed   procedure   and   that   monetary compensation in lieu of reinstatement and   back   wages   in   cases   of   such   nature   may   be   appropriate.
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HC-NIC Page 25 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT
10. In   a   recent   judgment   authored   by   one   of   us   (R.M.Lodha,J)   in   Jagbir   Singh   v.Haryana   State   Agriculture Mktg.Board, the aforesaid decisions were   noticed and it was stated:
"7. It is true that the earlier view of this   Court  articulated   in   many   decisions   reflected   the   legal  position   that   if   the   termination of an employee was found to  be illegal, the relief of reinstatement with   full back wages would ordinarily follow.   However, in recent past, there has been a  shift in the legal position and in a long   line of cases, this Court has consistently   taken   the   view   that   relief   by   way   of   reinstatement   with   back   wages   is   not   automatic   and   may   be   wholly   inappropriate   in   a   given   fact   situation   even   though   the   termination   of   an   employee   is   in   contravention   of   the   prescribed  procedure.   Compensation   instead of reinstatement has been held to   meet the ends of justice.
* * * * * * * * * *
14. It would be, thus, seen that by a   catena   of  decisions   in   recent   time,   this   Court   has   clearly   laid   down   that   an   order of retrenchment passed in violation   of  Section   25­F  although   may   be   set   aside   but   an   award   of   reinstatement   should   not,   however,   be   automatically   Page 26 of 35 HC-NIC Page 26 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT passed. The award of reinstatement with   full   back   wages   in   a   case   where   the   workman has completed 240 7 (2008) 4   SCC 261 8 (2008) 1 SCC 575 9 (2009)   15  SCC  327  6   days  of  work  in  a year   preceding   the   date   of   termination,   particularly,  daily   wagers   has  not   been   found   to   be   proper   by   this   Court   and   instead compensation has been awarded.   This  Court  has  distinguished  between  a  daily   wager  who   does   not   hold   a   post   and a permanent employee".

11. In view of the aforesaid legal position and the   fact that the workmen were engaged as daily wagers   about 25 years back and they worked hardly for 2 or   3   years,   relief   of   reinstatement   and   back   wages   to   them   cannot   be   said   to   be   justified   and   instead   monetary  compensation  would  subserve  the  ends  of   justice. In our considered view, the compensation of   Rs.   40,000/­   to   each   of   the   workmen   (respondent   nos. 1 to 14) shall meet the ends of justice. We order   accordingly.   Such   payment   shall   be   made   within   6   weeks from today failing which the same shall carry   interest at the rate of 9 per cent per annum."

15.6 In recent decision delivered by the Apex Court in case of Raj    Kumar V/s. Assistant General Manager, State Bank  of India     , reported in  (2016) 7 SCC 582 in which also the Apex Court was of the view that in  lieu of reinstatement and back wages, the relief can be moulded.  Para.2  of the said decision since relevant is quoted hereinafter: 

"2. Having regard to the period of work starting   Page 27 of 35 HC-NIC Page 27 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT from 1984 though intermittently upto the year 1993,   we are of the view that the interest of justice should   be   advanced   in   case   the   compensation   is   slightly   enhanced and fixed at Rs.2,00,000/­. Therefore, it is   ordered   that   the   appellant   shall   be   entitled   to   compensation of Rs.2,00,000/­ and there shall be no   further   claim   with   respect   to   the   appellant's   engagement   with   the  respondent.  We   make   it clear   that this is in addition to whatever has already been   paid   to   the   appellant.   The   amount   shall   be   paid   within six weeks from today."

15.7    Credit In another decision in the case of Talwara Cooperative      and Service Society Limited V/s. Sushil Kumar, reported in  (2008) 9 SCC  486, the Supreme Court has held as under :

"15. We   have   noticed   hereinbefore   that   the   respondent was employed for a short period and that   too in two different spells, viz., from 1987  to 1990   and  from 1995  to 1997.  Having  regard  to the fact   that the respondent has not worked for a long period   and the appellant does not have any capacity to pay   as   it   is   a   sick   unit,   interest   of   justice   would   be   subserved   if   in   stead   and   place   of   an   award   of   reinstatement with full back wages, a compensation   for a sum of Rs. 2,00,000/­ (Rupees two lakhs only)   is directed  to be paid. The  said sum would  be over   and   above   the   amount   which   the   appellant   has   deposited   in   terms   of   the   order   of   the   High   Court   under Section17­B of the Industrial Disputes Act."

15.8    Others V/s.

In another decision in the case of State of M.P. &      Arjunlal Rajak, reported in  (2006) 2 SCC 711, the Supreme Court has  Page 28 of 35 HC-NIC Page 28 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT held as under :

"8. It   is   also   trite   that   even   for   grant   of   back   wages,  application   of   mind   on   the   part   of   the   Industrial Court is imperative, as a relief of full back   wages   may   not   be   granted   automatically.   In   U.P.   State Brassware Corpon. Ltd. & anr. Vs. Uday Narain   Pandey [(2006) 1 SCC 479] this Court opined:
"22.   No   precise   formula   can   be   laid   down   as   to   under  what   circumstances   payment of entire back wages should be   allowed.   Indisputably,   it   depends   upon   the facts and circumstances of each case.  
It   would,   however,   not   be   correct   to   contend  that it is automatic.    It should   not   be   granted   mechanically   only   because   on  technical   grounds   or   otherwise   an   order   of   termination   is   found   to   be   in   contravention   of   the   provisions   of   Section   6­N   of   the   U.P.   Industrial Disputes Act."
9. It   was   further   held   that   while   a   decision   to   close  down   the   establishment   has   been   taken,   ordinarily, back wages to a limited extent should be   granted.
10. The onus to prove that he had completed 240   days  of work or he had not been gainfully employed   within the said period was on the workman.
11. Keeping in view the fact that the services of the   respondent were terminated on the ground  that the   Page 29 of 35 HC-NIC Page 29 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT production unit in which he was working itself had   been   closed,   we   are   of   the   opinion   that   interest   of  justice   would   be   sub­served   if   a   monetary   compensation   of   Rs.10,000/­   is   granted   to   him.   It,   however,   goes   without  saying   that   he   would   be   entitled to the wages for the period he had actually   worked pursuant to or in furtherance of the order of  the Labour Court and as also of the High Court upon   his reinstatement. The award of the Labour Court as   also the judgment of the High Court are set aside."

And therefore, on overall situation prevailing on record, the  Court is of the considered opinion that impugned award deserves to be  modified and in lieu thereof, an amount of compensation deserves to be  awarded to the respondents - workmen.  

16. With   respect   to   the   another   aspect   of   the   matter,   that   a  contention  raised  by the  respondents  -  workmen  that  with  a view  to  avoid   the   benefit   of   Section   17   B   of   the   I.D.   Act,   the   respondents   -  workmen has been absorbed at a different place from their closed unit at  Gandhinagar  and there, after some period of time  created a situation  discontinuance has taken place, which has generated the rise of another  reference, which is referred to above and therefore, it is contended by  the learned advocate for the respondents that it is nothing but a same  unit rather a sister concerned, as the management appear to have been  common in both the companies and to this effect the learned advocate  for the petitioners has relied upon the decision of apex Court in case of  Haryana State Co­operative Supply Marketing Federation Ltd., V/s. Sanjay,  reported in 2009 SC 3155.  By referring to this judgment, it is contended  that   simply   because   if   the   management   persons   are   common,   the  separate unit cannot loses its independent status of entity.  The relevant  Page 30 of 35 HC-NIC Page 30 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT paragraph   no.12,   which   require   to   be   considered   is   reproduced  hereinafter.

"12. Learned  counsel for the respondent,  however,   strenuously   urged   that   the   Managing   Director,   HAFAED   has   control   over   the   office   of   District   Manager,   Jind   as   well   as   District   Manager,   Hissar   and, therefore, workman can be said to have worked   under the same employer.   We are unable to accept   the   contention   of   the   learned   counsel.     Merely,   because  the  District  Manager,  Jind  and  the  District   Manager,   Hissar   are   the   subordinate   officers   under   the control of Managinig Director.   HAFED, the two   offices at Jind and Hissar do not cease to be separate   establishment for the purpose of Section 25­F of the   ID Act.   As held by this Court in Jammasha Diwan,   with which we respectfully agree, that when a casual   employee   is   employed   in   different   establishments,   may   be   under   the   same   employer,   the   concept   of   continuous  service cannot be applied.   There is also   no merit in the submission of the learned counsel for   the   respondent   that   the   workman   was   transferred   from office of the District Manager, Jind to the Office   of District Manager,  Hissar.   No transfer  order was   placed by the workman before the Labour Court.  As   a matter of fact, by a separate and fresh contract, the   workman   was   engaged   by   the   District   Manager,   Hissar from January 15, 1999.   The employment of   the  workman  at Hissar  was  not  an employment  in   continuity but a fresh employment." 

17. In   aforesaid   situation,   no   doubt,   Gandhinagar   unit   is  separate entity altogether and the workmen have been absorbed during  Page 31 of 35 HC-NIC Page 31 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT the   pendency   of   proceedings,   but   then,   that   discontinuance   has  generated and a separate reference altogether right from the year 2009.  The   same   is   pending,   the   Court   is   not   require   to   deal   with   such   a  situation  which has erected at Gandhinagar unit and therefore, to this  aspect without entering into the merit of that discontinuance, the Court  is leaving the issue as it is without commenting much upon it.

18.  Mr.Upadyay, learned advocate then, has taken the Court to  yet another decision reported in 2007 (0) GLHEL - SC 39927 in case of  Managing Director, Karnataka Forest Development Corporation Ltd., V/s.   Workmen of Karnataka Pulpwood Ltd.,  and by referring to that decision,  learned   advocate   for   the   petitioners   has   contended   that   only   remedy  available to the respondents - workmen is just to claim compensation  and not absorption at all and to this paragraph no.17 and 18 are relied  upon, which are required to be reproduced hereunder.

"17. Before the Division Bench of the High Court, as   we have noticed hereinbefore, the order of the State   Government   directing   prior   permission   for   effecting   closure   of   the   industrial   undertaking   has   not   been   questioned.    In  fact,   even   the   learned   Single   Judge   had made observations to the effect that the closure   may   be   affected.     Having   regard   to   the   fact   that   rights of the workmen flow from the provisions of the   Industrial Disputes Act, a writ court could not have   issued   any   other   direction.     One   of   the   questions   which   had   arisen   for   consideration   before   the   Division   Bench  was  as  to whether   the  order   of  the   State   Government   dated   24.10.1991   subsists.     For   considering the said question, it was not necessary for   the   High   Court   to   ascertain   the   view   point   of   the   Page 32 of 35 HC-NIC Page 32 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT State.  In the year 1991, a decision was taken not to   close   down   the   undertaking   of   the   company.     The   1991   decision   was  modified   by   a   subsequent   order   that   the  undertakings  also  as   that  of  the  company   are merging with each other.  No order of merger has   been passed.   No decision by a competent authority   under   the   Companies   Act   had   been   taken.   Indisputably,   the   appellant   and   the   company   have   not merged.  In absence of any valid order of merger   of two different entities, evidently the relationship of   employer and employee between the respondents and   the said company, as had been obtaining, continued.   Furthermore,   as   soon   as   the   closure   of   an   undertaking became effective, it is true that the said   relationship ceased to exist.
18. The right of the workmen, therefore, was only   to receive the amount of compensation.  If the State is   not   in   a   position   to   take   upon   itself   the   financial   burden of the appellant - Corporation for appointing   the  concerned  workmen;  direction  to continue  their   services   could   not  be   issued.     There   cannot   be   any   doubt   whatsovever   that   the   said   order   dated   24.10.1991   has   been   superseded   by   necessary   implication.    Both  merger  of two undertakings  and   the closure of one undertaking do not stand together.   If  the  workmen,   therefore,  think  that   any   other  or   further   right   has   accrued   to   them   in   terms   of   the   purported assurance given by the State, it may take   recourse  thereto before  an appropriate  forum  but a   writ petition was not maintainable."  
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19. Considering   this   set   of   circumstance,   the   Court   is   of   the  opinion that it is not possible to consider the case of respondents for  absorption,   as   the   unit   is   closed   and   Gandhinagar   unit   is   facing  reference, which  has  been   raised  by   the   respondents   -   workmen   and  therefore, qua this, present impugned award in its literal form, except  awarding reasonable amount for compensation nothing more is possible  to   be   granted   and   therefore,   the   Court   is   of   the   opinion   that   the  impugned award is required to be substituted by awarding an amount of  reasonable compensation for which the following propositions are taken  note of to arrive at a just figure, which would be equitable and strike  balance between both the sides.

20. It   is   also   to   be   taken   note   of   that   there   is   a   persistent  grievance raised by the respondents - employees about conduct of the  petitioners   establishment   that   a   systematic   design   is   adopted   to  discontinue the respondents workmen and therefore, this conduct is also  relevant which is clearly visible from the several orders passed by this  Court.     However,   since   the   circumstances   are   such   where   the  establishment   is   already   closed,   business   is   no   longer   surviving   and  therefore, Court is constrained to adopt this view of awarding lumpsum  compensation.

21. Considering the aforesaid proposition of law and the recent  trend adopted by the Court, it is desirable in the interest of justice to  mould the relief and the impugned award in the present form is required  to be substituted by awarding reasonable amount of compensation. 

22. The amount of compensation, which is required to be fixed  by considering the fact that discontinuance has taken place on 17th July  1987 and an amount of Rs.2,50,000/­ has also been deposited by the  Page 34 of 35 HC-NIC Page 34 of 35 Created On Sat Dec 17 00:54:22 IST 2016 C/SCA/13718/2005 CAV JUDGMENT petitioners establishment to show the  bonafide,  it is also required to be  noticed while determining an amount that for some interregnum period,  the respondents were absorbed in another unit at Gandhinagar upto the  period of 2008 and the grievance of the respondents at that unit is very  much pending before the appropriate authority in the form of reference  as stated by the respondents themselves.  The fact is also required to be  noticed that the unit is already no longer in existence since number of  years and substantial formalities about closure of that unit has also been  observed   and   undertaken   by   petitioners.     It   is   under   this   set   of  circumstance, it is desirable in the interest of justice to fix a lumpsum  compensation,   which   is   determined   by   this   Court   on   the   basis   of  aforesaid factors, which would meet ends of justice.  The said amount of  compensation  payable to each of the  respondent workmen is fixed at  Rs.2,50,000/­   and   the   same   shall   be   paid   by   the   petitioners  establishment within a period of 8 weeks from today and the impugned  award   of   reinstatement   and   back­wages   is   accordingly   substituted   by  awarding  this  lumpsum  compensation  indicated   above  and petition  is  disposed of.  

23. In   the   result,   the   petition   is   partly   allowed.     Rule   made  absolute to the aforesaid extent.   Interim relief, granted earlier stands  vacated.

     

(A.J. SHASTRI, J.)  Rathod...

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