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Gujarat High Court

State Of Gujarat vs Virumal Santumal on 11 April, 2014

Author: Akil Kureshi

Bench: Akil Kureshi, Sonia Gokani

          C/SCA/591/2014                                    JUDGMENT




           IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

               SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 591 of 2014
                                     With
                SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 592 of 2014


FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:


HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI
and
HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI
================================================================

1     Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see
      the judgment ?

2     To be referred to the Reporter or not ?

3     Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the
      judgment ?

4     Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as
      to the interpretation of the Constitution of India, 1950 or any
      order made thereunder ?

5     Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge ?

================================================================
                       STATE OF GUJARAT....Petitioner(s)
                                  Versus
                      VIRUMAL SANTUMAL....Respondent(s)
================================================================
Appearance:
MR JAIMIN GANDHI, AGP for the Petitioner(s) No. 1
UCHIT N SHETH, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 1



          CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI
                 and
                 HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI

                               Date : 11/04/2014


                                   Page 1 of 24
      C/SCA/591/2014                                       JUDGMENT




                          ORAL JUDGMENT

(PER : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI)

 1. These   petitions   are   filed   by   the   State   Government  challenging the judgement of the Gujarat Value Added Tax  Tribunal ("the tribunal" for short) dated 4.8.2009. 

 2. Since issues are repetitive in nature and are likely to arise  in many similar cases, we have heard learned counsel for  the   parties   at   length   and   we   propose   to   dispose   of   the  petition finally by this judgement.

 3. Briefly stated, the facts are as under :

 3.1. The   respondent,   is   a   dealer   registered   under   the  Sales Tax Act. The respondent  deals mainly in patasa,  harada, sakaria and alchidana. In the returns for years  2002­2003   and   2003­2004,   the   assessee   had   claimed  exemption from payment of sales tax under the Gujarat  Sales Tax Act on the sale and purchase  of such items  namely,   patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and   alchidana.   His  returns were assessed by the Commercial Tax Inspector. 

He passed orders of assessment on 18.2.2005 accepting  the returns of the assessee making no additions. 

 3.2. The   Deputy   Commissioner   of   Commercial   Tax   was  prima facie of the opinion that the respondent was not  Page 2 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT entitled to exemption. He therefore, after issuing notices  passed two separate orders both dated 1.1.2009 levying  tax on such transactions under entry no.167 at the rate  of   6%   on   the   transactions.   In   such   order   he  distinguished the decision of Supreme Court in case of  the State of Gujarat v. Sakarwala Brothers reported in  19 Sales Tax Cases 24 in order to hold that the case of  the respondent does not fall under entry 86 of schedule­ I to the Gujarat Sales Tax Act, 1969 ('the GST Act' for  short). This was on the premise that, according to him,  the   important   condition   of   the   said   entry   namely,   the  levy and collection of additional duties of excise, should  not   be   exempted   on   account   of   any   exemption   or  drawback,  was not fulfilled. He also did not accept the  assessee's contention that even if the cases did not fall  under entry   86, the same would fall under entry 8 of  schedule­IIA to the GST Act and would consequentially  be   exempted   from   payment   of   any   tax   by   virtue   of  exemption notifications issued by the State Government.  This   was   on   the   premise   that   according   to   him   term  'sugar'  appearing  under  entry  86  of  schedule­I had    a  wider   meaning   as   explained   by   the   Supreme   Court   in  case   of  Sakarwala   Brothers  (supra)   whereas   no   such  meaning  could be ascribed  to the term 'sugar'  used in  entry 8. Resultantly,  the common  parlance  meaning  of  the term 'sugar' would have to be applied and it would  exclude   items   such   as   patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and  alchidana. He accordingly taxed the transactions under  entry 167 of schedule­IIA to the GST Act pertaining to  sweets   and   sweetmeats   including   shrikhand,   basudi  and doodhpak. 

Page 3 of 24

C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT  3.3. Aggrieved   by   the   order   of   revisional   authority,   the  petitioner   preferred   a   revision   application   before   the  tribunal. The petitioner raised three fold contentions.

1)   Firstly, that the initial notice issued in form­45  by   the   revisional   authority   included   all   the   items  namely,   patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and   alchidana  whereas   the   final   notice   issued   in   form­49   referred  only   to   the   sale   of   patasa.   The   revisional   authority  therefore, could not have travelled beyond the notice  issued in form­49 and taxed items other than patasa  for which no final notice was issued. 

2)  The second contention  was that all items were  covered under entry 86 since the levy and collection  of additional duties of excise was not exempted. Such  duties were in fact, paid by the vendors from whom  he had made purchases of the goods. 

3)  The   third   and   alternative   contention   of   the  assessee was that if the items did not fall under entry  86, they would be covered under entry 8. By virtue of  exemption   notifications   issued   by   the   Government  from   time   to   time,   the   sales   and   purchases   thereof  would  be fully exempted  from payment  of any sales  tax. 

 3.4. The tribunal accepted the first two contentions of the  petitioner. The tribunal held that in the notice in form­ 45,   the   Deputy   Commissioner   had   referred   to   all   the  Page 4 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT items, but in the notice in form­49, he confined his case  only   to   sale   of   patasa.   He   therefore,   could   not   have  passed   the   final   order   levying   tax   on   all   items.   The  tribunal   held   that   by   virtue   of   decision   of   Supreme  Court   in   case   of  Sakarwala   Brothers  (supra),   the  products in question were sugar for the purpose of entry  86   and   since   the   additional   duty   of   excise   was   not  exempted, the goods were covered under such entry. In  light  of  such  conclusion,  the  tribunal  did not  examine  the   alternative   contention   of   the   assessee   that   if   the  items did not fall under entry 86, they would be covered  under entry 8 and by virtue  of exemption  notifications  issued by the Government from time to time, no tax was  leviable in any case. It is this judgement of the tribunal  which the State has challenged before us.

 4. We   may   record   that   previously   a   tax   appeal   was   filed.  However,   the   Court   was   of   the   opinion   that   against   the  order  passed  by the  tribunal  in  the  revision  petition,  tax  appeal   would   not   be   maintainable.   The   State   therefore,  preferred these writ petitions. 

 5. Learned AGP Shri Jaimin Gandhi for the State raised the  following contentions :

1) That the goods in question did not fall under entry 86  of   schedule­I   to   the   GST   Act   since   the   vital   condition  contained   therein   was   not   satisfied.   He   submitted   that  such   condition   must   be   viewed   in   the   background   of  legislative intent namely, that in case of only those goods  where   additional   duties   of   excise   has   been   paid   by   the  Page 5 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT dealer, can he claim the benefit of entry 86. In the present  case, admittedly, the dealer had not paid such tax. The fact  that   the   vendor   had   paid   such   tax   on   the   goods   at   the  point of manufacture is of no relevance. 

1.1) In this context reliance was placed on the decision of  Supreme Court in case of Delhi Cloth & General Mills Co.  Ltd. v. State of Rajasthan and others reported in 46 Sales  Tax Cases 256. 

2) Entry 8 of schedule­IIA  does not contain definition of  sugar   unlike   in   entry   86   of   schedule­I.   The   term   'sugar'  therefore, for the purpose of entry 8 cannot be given wider  meaning.   Items   such   as     patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and  alchidana   are   not   considered   sugar   in   common  understanding. These items therefore, would not fall in the  said entries and were correctly classified under entry 167  as sweet and sweetmeats. 

3) When the tax was short­paid, penalty under section  45(6) read with section 45(4) of the Gujarat Sales Tax Act  was rightly imposed. 

 6. On the other  hand,  learned  counsel  Shri Uchit  Sheth  for  the respondent assessee opposed the petitions, raising the  following contentions :

1) The   notice   issued   by   the   revisional   authority   was  defective. The notice in form­49 did not propose levying of  tax   on   items   other   than   patasa.   No   such   tax   therefore,  could have been imposed on all items.
Page 6 of 24
        C/SCA/591/2014                                    JUDGMENT




  2)        All   the   items   were   covered   under   entry   86   of 
schedule­I to the GST Act. He referred to the decision of the  Supreme   Court   in   case   of  Sakarwala   Brothers  (supra)  wherein,   in   background   of   similar   language   used   by   the  legislature   in   Bombay   Sales   Tax   Act,   it   was   held   that  patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and   alchidana   would   be   covered  under   the   definition   of   term   'sugar'   in   the   expanded  meaning given by the legislature. He pointed out that these  items were not exempted from payment of additional duty  of excise. They would therefore fall under entry 86.
3)  In any  case,    the  items  would  fall under  entry  8 of  schedule­IIA which is a successor entry of entry 3E of the  same schedule.  He took us through the legislative history  and changes made from time to time to contend that at all  points of time, the intention was clear namely, not to levy  sales tax on sale and purchase of sugar including  patasa,  harada, sakaria and alchidana.

 7. Section 67 of the GST Act  pertains to revision. Clause(a) of  sub­section(1)   of   section   67   provides   that   subject   to   the  provisions of section 66 and any rules which may be made  on this behalf, the Commissioner on his own motion within  three years or on application made to him within one year  from   the   date   of   any   order   passed   by   officer   appointed  under section  27, may call for and examine  the record of  any such order and pass such order as he thinks fit and  proper   within   twelve   months   from   the   date   of   service   of  notice   for   revision.   Sub­section(1)   of   section   67   thus  empowers   the   Commissioner   under   the   circumstances  Page 7 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT mentioned therein to exercise revisional powers. 

 8. Rule   60   of   the   Gujarat   Sales   Tax   Rules,   1970   ("the   GST  Rules"   for   short)   pertains   to   notice   for   production   of  accounts,   documents   etc.,   and   provides   that   where   the  Commissioner requires any dealer to produce any accounts  or documents or to furnish any information under section  59,   he   shall   issue   a   notice   therefor   in   form   45.   Rule   67  pertains to notice to person likely to be affected adversely  and reads as under :

"67. Notice to person likely to be affected adversely (1) Before   an   appellate   or   revising   authority   passes   an  order   in   appeal   or   revision   which   is   likely   to   affect   the  appellant   or   applicant   or   any   other   person   adversely,   it  shall serve on him a  notice in Form 49 and shall give him  a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
(2) Before the   Commissioner including an officer below  the   rank   of   Commissioner   who   has   been   delegated   the  powers   of   the   Commissioner   under   clause(a)   of   sub­ section(1)  of section  67,  passes  any order  under  the said  section,   which   is   likely   to   affect   adversely   to   any   person  who is a party to such proceeding, he shall serve on such  person a notice in Form 49 and shall give him a reasonable  opportunity of being heard."

 9. It can thus be seen that notice under form­45 which can  be issued under rule 60 of the GST Rules is for production  of   accounts   or     documents   or   information   as   may   be  required by the Commissioner. Neither rule 60 nor form­45  therefore, has any relevance to the power of Commissioner  to revise an order passed by the authority appointed under  Page 8 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT section 67 of the GST Act. It is at best, a step preparatory  to the issuance  of notice  for exercising  revisional  powers.  Before doing so, if the Commissioner requires examination  of   any   accounts,   documents   or   requires   any   information  from any dealer, he may call upon the dealer to do so in  terms of rule 60 of the GST Rules. On the other hand, rule  67   is   specific   and   requires   the   Commissioner   to   issue  notice in form­49 to a person likely to be affected adversely,  to  give  him reasonable  opportunity   of  hearing  before   any  appellate or revisional order is passed by the appellate or  revisional authority. Sub­rule(2) of rule 67 further clarifies  that   before   the   Commissioner   or   officer   who   has   been  delegated  powers   of   the  Commissioner  under  clause(a)  of  sub­section(1)   of   section   67   passes   any   order   under   the  said   section   which   is   likely   to   affect   adversely   to   any  person who is a party to such proceedings, he shall serve  on such person a notice in form­49 and also grant him a  reasonable opportunity of being heard.

 10. It   thus   becomes   clear   that   notice   under   rule   60   in  form­45 is not a notice of Commissioner or his delegatee to  take an order under revision. Such notice is to be issued in  terms   of   rule   67   in   form­49.   It   is   meant   to   give   person  likely to be adversely affected by the appellate or revisional  order, a reasonable opportunity of being heard. 

11. Under   the   circumstances   any   mention   of   the   items  in   form­45   would   have   no   relevance   for   exercising  revisional power by the Commissioner under rule 67(1) of  the   GST   Act.   Whether   any   reference   was   made   to   such  items   in   the   notice   under   form­45,   the   power   of   the  Page 9 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT Commissioner can be exercised under section 67(1) only if  a notice has been  given of reasonable opportunity of being  heard to an assessee before the order  is revised and such  notice   is   prescribed   in   form­49.   In   the   present   case,  admittedly in the notice under form­49 mention was made  by the Commissioner only for taxing patasa and no other  items.   His   final   order   therefore,   could   not   have   travelled  beyond such notice which would fall foul of requirement of  rule 67 and reasonable opportunity of being heard to the  assessee. To that extent in our view tribunal was perfectly  justified   in   coming   to   its   conclusion   which   we   have  recorded earlier.

 12. Coming   to   the   central   controversy,   we   may   notice  that schedule­I to the GST Act pertains to goods, the sale  or purchase of which is free from all taxes. This schedule is  framed   under   section   5,   sub­section(1)   whereof   provides  that   subject   to   conditions   or   exceptions   if   any   set   out  against   each   of   the   goods   specified   in   column   3   of  schedule­I,   no   tax   shall   be   payable   on   the   sales   or  purchases  of  any  goods  specified  in  that  schedule.  Entry  86 of schedule­I reads as under :

 
"86 Sugar,   covered   under   sub­ When   levy   and   collection  heading   Nos.   1701.20,  of   additional   duties   of  1701.31,   1701.39   and  Excise   under   the  1702.11   of   the   Schedule   to  Additional   duties   of  the Central Excise Tariff, Act,  Excise   (goods   of   special  1985 ( 5 of 1986) importance)   Act,   1957  (LVIII   of   1957)   is   not  exempted   on   account   of  any   exemption   or  drawback   granted   under  Page 10 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT that Act."

13. In order to appreciate the entries in question  in the  background   of   legislative   intention,   we   may   refer   to  legislative changes made from time to time. The Additional  Duties   of   Excise(Goods   of   Special   Importance)   Act,   1957  (here­in­after referred to as "the Act of 1957") was enacted  in the year 1957. From the preamble to the Act, it can be  seen that the same was enacted  to provide for the levy and  collection   of   additional   duties   of   excise   on   certain   goods  and for the distribution of a part of the net proceeds among  the   States   in   pursuance   of   the   principles   of   distribution  formulated and the recommendations made by the Finance  Commission   in   its   report.     Section   4   of   the   Act   of   1957  provides   that   during   each   financial   year,   there   shall   be  paid   out   of   consolidated   fund   of   India   to   the   States   in  accordance   with   the   provisions   of   the   Second   Schedule  such sums, representing a part of the net proceeds  of the  additional duties levied and collected during that financial  year as are specified in that schedule.

 14. For   the   period   between   6.5.1970   to   9.4.1981,  Schedule­I to the GST Act contained entry­42 as under :

Sr. No. Description of goods Conditions   and  exceptions   subject   to  which   exemption   is  granted.
42 Sugar as defined in Item  No.1   of   the   First  Schedule   to   the   Central  Excises   and   Salt   Act,  1944.
Page 11 of 24
        C/SCA/591/2014                                         JUDGMENT




 15.        It   can   thus     be   seen   that   as   per   entry   42,   sugar 
falling in the said category would be exempt from payment  of   sales   tax   without   any   condition.   The   term   'sugar'   was  defined   in   the   Central   Excises   and   Salt   Act,   1944   as  under :
"'Sugar'   means   any   form   of   sugar   in   which   the   sucrose  content, if expressed as a percentage of the material dried  to constant weight at 105°C, would be more than ninety."

16. Question   whether   items   such   as   patasa,   harada,  sakaria  and  alchidana,  would  fall within  the  term 'sugar'  for the  purpose  of entry 47 of schedule­A of the Bombay  Sales Tax Act, 1959 came up for consideration before this  Court.  It   is   an   undisputed   position   that   the   definition   of  term 'sugar' for the said entry was identical to one adopted  under   entry   42   of   schedule­I   to   the   GST   Act.   A   division  bench of this Court on a reference made by the Sales Tax  Tribunal     held   that   patasa,   harda   and   alchidana   were  products   of   sugar   and   would   be   covered   under   the  definition adopted for the purpose of said entry 47 of the  Bombay   Sales   Tax   Act.   The   Court   agreed   with   the  suggestion of learned Advocate General that items patasa,  harda   and   alchidana   bear   a   distinct   and   different   name  from sugar and are not commercially purchased  or sold as  sugar.  However,  the  legislature  in  entry  47 has  not  used  word sugar simplicter and covered the term as defined in  item no.8 of the First Schedule to the Central Excises and  Salt Act, 1944. The Court held that this definition did not  intend   merely   to   cover   sugar   as   known   in   common  parlance  but  was  intended  to  cover  all forms  of  sugar  in  Page 12 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT any form  which  contains  more  than  90% sucrose.  It was  observed   that   a   definition   which   refers   to   the   chemical  contents   of   an   article   cannot   be   said   to   be   a   definition  which   is   intended   to   cover   the   article   as   understood   in  common   parlance.   On   such   premises,   the   reference   was  answered in favour of the assessee. In the said case also,  dispute was raised by the revenue that the item in question  would   fall   in   entry   31   which   pertains   to   sweet   and  sweetmeats   including   shrikhand,   basudi   and   doodhpak.  The   contention   was   however   negatived   in   view   of   special  definition  of   term "sugar"  adopted  by incorporation  from  the   Central   Excises   and   Salt   Act,   1944.   Revenue   carried  the   matter   in   appeal   before   the   Supreme   Court.   The  Supreme   Court   confirmed   the   judgement   of   the   High  Court.   It   was   noted   that   the   chemical   composition   of  patasa, Harda and Alchidana is same as that of the sugar  as there is more than 90% sucrose. The contention of the  revenue that patasa, harda and alchidana were sugar and  used   on     festive   occasions   and   therefore,   should   be  distinguished from sugar was not accepted observing that  this circumstance has no relevance on the question of legal  classification for the purpose of Bombay Sales Tax Act. 

 17. For the period between 10.4.1981 to 31.3.1989, entry  42 was modified in the following manner :

Sr. No. Description of goods Conditions   and  exceptions   subject   to  which   exemption   is  granted.
42 Sugar as defined in Item  When   levy   and  No.1   of   the   First  collection of additional  Page 13 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT Schedule   to   the   Central  duties  of  excise  under  Excises   and   Salt   Act,  the   Additional   Duties  1944. of   Excise   (Goods   of  Special   Importance)  Act,   1957   is   not  exempted   on   account  of   any   exemption   or  drawback   granted  under that Act.

 18. Thus,   after   10.04.1981,   exemption   was   available   to  sugar falling under entry 42 only when levy and collection  of additional duties of excise under the Additional Duties of  Excise   (Goods   of   Special   Importance)   Act,   1957   was   not  exempted   on   account   of   any   exemption   or   drawback  granted under that Act. Rate of duty had to be provided for  sugar   not   falling   in   entry   42.   Schedule­IIA   pertains   to  goods, the sale or purchase of which is subject to sales tax  or   purchase   tax   and   rates   of   tax.     Simultaneously,  therefore,  entry 3E was inserted in Schedule IIA as under:

Sr.  Description of goods Rate of Sales  Rate of  No. Tax  Purchase Tax 3E Sugar   as   defined   in  Four paise in  Four paise in  Item   No.1   of   the  the rupee the rupee First Schedule to the  Central   Excises   and  Salt   Act,   1944   to  which   entry   42   in  Schedule   I   does   not  apply

 19. Parallely, under exemption notification  issued under  section 49(2) of the GST Act, by virtue of entry 133, sugar  Page 14 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT covered under   entry 3E in schedule­II part A of the GST  Act was exempted from payment of whole of the tax. It may  be   noted   that   entry   3E   of   schedule­II   part   A   referred   to  Sugar   as   defined   in   item   no.   1   of   the   first   schedule   of  Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944.

20. Thus the definition of sugar for the purpose of entry  42   to   Schedule   I   and   entry   3E   to   schedule­II   part   A  remained the same. By virtue of these entries, sugar falling  under  entry  42 would  be exempt  from  payment  of tax,  if  the   condition   contained   in   second   column   of   entry   was  satisfied. If such condition  was not satisfied,  it would fall  under entry 3E and would ordinarily be taxed at the rates  specified   therein.   However,   by   way   of   exemption  notification issued by the Government, such tax was also  waived. We are informed that this was done in view of the  representations made by the trade as is apparent from the  circular   dated   17.9.81   issued   by   the   Government.   The  circular   refers   to   legislative   changes   made   in   entry   42,  corresponding   insertion   of   entry   3E   in   schedule­IIA   and  issuance of exemption notification on account of difficulties  faced by the trade which was brought to the notice of the  Government through representations.

 21. From 1.4.1989 to 31.3.1992,  entry 42 was amended  and read thus :

Sr. No. Description of goods Conditions   and  exceptions   subject   to  which   exemption   is  granted.
      42          Sugar     covered   under  When               levy         and 


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                 sub   heading         Nos.  collection of additional 
                 1701.20,          1701.31,  duties  of  excise  under 
1701.39   and   1702.11   of  the   Additional   Duties  the   Schedule   to   the  of   Excise   (Goods   of  Central Excise Tariff Act,  Special   Importance)  1985(5 of 1986) Act,   1957   is   not  exempted   on   account  of   any   exemption   or  drawback   granted  under that Act.

22. It   can   be   seen   that   the   first   column   of   this   entry  underwent  a change.  Instead  of sugar  as defined  in item  no.1 of the first schedule to the Central Excises and Salt  Act,  1944,  it was referred  to as sugar  covered  under sub  heading   Nos.1701.20,   1701.31,   1701.39   and   1702.11   of  the  Schedule  to the  Central  Excise  Tariff  Act,  1985.  This  was   necessary   because   the   first   schedule   to   the   Central  Excises and Salt Act, 1944 (now Central Excise Act, 1944)  came to be replaced by the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985  and different headings and sub­headings were introduced  for taxing various products.  This change was thus purely  consequential   to   the   amendments   made   in   the   Central  Excises   and   Salt   Act,   1944   and   introduction   of   newly  enacted the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985.

23. In   essence   the   definition   of   term   'sugar'   did   not  undergo any change. For the purposes of sub­heading Nos.  1701.10, 1701.20, 1701.31 and 1701.39, sugar means any  form of sugar in which the sucrose content, if expressed as  a   percentage   of   the   material   dried   to   constant   weight   at  105°C would be more than 90. Thus verbatim definition of  term   'sugar'   remained   the   same   for   these   entries   as  Page 16 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT contained in item no.1 in the first schedule to the Central  Excises   and   Salt   Act,1944.   In   effect   for   purposes,   thus  entry 42 underwent no change despite amendments made  therein   which   are   purely   consequential   in   nature.  Simultaneously entry 3E to schedule­IIA was also changed  and read as under :

Sr.  Description of goods Rate of Sales  Rate of  No. Tax  Purchase Tax 3E Sugar to which entry  Four paise in  Four paise in  42   in   Schedule   I  the rupee the rupee does not apply

 24. The significant change between existing entry 3E and  entry   3E   with   effect   from   1.4.1989,   was   that   the   words  "Sugar as defined in Item No.1 of the First Schedule to the  Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944" were deleted and now  simpliciter  description    of goods  read  as "Sugar  to which  entry 42 in Schedule I does not apply."   For all purposes,  therefore,  this was also consequential change in entry 3E  which only dropped description of sugar as defined in item  no.1 of  the First Schedule to the Central Excises and Salt  Act,   1944   since   the   schedule   itself   did   not   survive.   It   is  true that so far  in entry 42, no corresponding clarification  was made to cover sugar as referred to in sub­heading Nos.  1701.10, 1701.20, 1701.31 and 1701.39 of the schedule to  the   Central   Excise   Tariff   Act,1985.   We   may   record   that  exemption notification under section 49(2) of the GST Act  and entry 133 by which sugar covered under entry 3E was  exempted  from payment  of whole  of the  tax  continued  to  hold the field. 

Page 17 of 24

C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT

 25. With   effect   from   1.4.1992   to   31.3.2006,   the   entries  were renumbered. Entry no.42 to Schedule­I which was re­ numbered no.86, continued exactly in the same language.  Like­wise   entry   3E   of   schedule­IIA   was   renumbered   as  entry 8 also in the same language which read as under :

Sr. No. Description of goods Conditions   and  exceptions   subject   to  which   exemption   is  granted.
86 Sugar     covered   under  When   levy   and  sub   heading  Nos.  collection of additional  1701.20,   1701.31,  duties  of  excise  under  1701.39   and   1702.11   of  the   Additional   Duties  the   Schedule   to   the  of   Excise   (Goods   of  Central Excise Tariff Act,  Special   Importance)  1985(5 of 1986) Act,   1957   is   not  exempted   on   account  of   any   exemption   or  drawback   granted  under that Act.

Sr.  Description of goods Rate of Sales  Rate of  No. Tax  Purchase Tax 8 Sugar to which entry  Four paise in  Four paise in  86   in   Schedule   I  the rupee the rupee does not apply

 26. Entry   133   of   exemption   notification   under   section  49(2)   of   the   GST   Act   was   slightly   changed.   Instead   of  exempting sugar covered by entry 8 in schedule­II part­A,  an exclusion clause was added namely, "other than sugar  imported  from all places  out of India and sold within  the  Page 18 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT State   of   Gujarat".   Thus   the   tax   structure   remained   the  same. Entry 42 assumed no.86. Entry 3E was renumbered  as entry 8. Exemption entry under entry 133 continued to  grant   exemption   but   excluded   sugar   imported   from   any  place out of India and sold within the State.

27. By   virtue   of   such   provisions,   contained   in   the  schedules  to the GST  Act,  it clearly emerges  that case  of  the respondent is covered in entry 86 of schedule­I of GST  Act. The fact that by virtue of decision in case of Sakarwala  Brothers  (supra),  such  items  are considered  as sugar  for  the   purpose   of   sugar   covered   under   sub­heading   Nos.  1701.10, 1701.20, 1701.31 and 1701.39 of the schedule to  the   Central   Excise   Tariff   Act,1985,   there   is   no   dispute  possible   in fact, not seriously raised. Such sub­headings  defined the term 'sugar' in the same manner as it was done  under   item   no.1   of     the   First   Schedule   to   the   Central  Excises   and   Salt   Act,   1944.   It   was   in   this   context  interpreting the term 'sugar' defined in expansive manner,  it   was   held   that   patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and   alchidana  which contained more than 90% sucrose are sugar for the  purpose of the said entry. If this is clear, the goods can be  ejected out of entry 86 only if conditions subject to which  exemption is to be granted, are not satisfied. The condition  is   when   levy   and   collection   of   additional   duty   of   excise  under   the   Additional   Duties   of   Excise   (Goods   of     Special  Importance) Act, 1957, is not exempted on account of any  exemption   or   drawback   granted   under   that   Act.   If   this  condition   is   satisfied,   it   would   not   be   open   for   the  petitioner   to   deny   the   benefit   of   exemption   to   the  respondent  in terms of entry 86 of schedule­I to the GST  Page 19 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT Act.   In   the   present   case,   it   is   not   even   the   case   of   the  petitioner   that   levy   and   collection   of   additional   duty   of  excise   under   the   Additional   Duties   of   Excise   (Goods   of  Special   Importance)   Act,   1957,   is   exempted.   The  respondent   had   pointed   out   before   the   tribunal   that   his  vendors pay full additional duty at the point of clearance of  goods.   State   Government   however,   raised   a   curious  contention   namely,   that   such   duty   must   be   paid   by   the  respondent. We do not see any such warrant in condition  contained in entry 86. Condition in plain terms is that levy  and   collection   of   additional   duty   of   excise   under   the  Additional Duties of Excise (Goods of  Special Importance)  Act,   1957,   should   not   be   exempted   on   account   of   any  exemption  or drawback.    When admittedly,  the additional  levy   of   duty   is   not   exempted   nor   is   the   case   of   the  petitioner   that   any   drawback   is   granted,   entry   86   would  certainly   apply.     Such   condition   no   where   provides   that  such   additional   duty   must   be   borne   by   the   dealer.  Additional duty of excise would be payable on manufacture  of goods and would therefore, be paid by the manufacturer,  in   the   present   case   the   suppliers   from   whom   the  respondent dealer would be purchasing such goods.

28. The decision of Supreme Court in case of Delhi Cloth  &   General   Mills   Co.   Ltd.(supra)   was   rendered   in   vastly  different   situation.   It   was   a   case   where   under   the  notification,   exemption   from   payment   of   sales   tax   was  available   provided   that   the   dealer   furnished   the   proof   to  the   satisfaction   of   the   Assessing   Officer   that   additional  duty leviable under the Additional Duties of Excise(Goods  of   Special   Importance)   Act,   1957   had   been   paid.   It   was  Page 20 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT thus   an   additional   condition   and   an   onus   was   cast   on  dealer claiming exemption to demonstrate that not only the  additional duty was not exempt, same was actually paid. It  was in this background that the Supreme Court rendered  its decision.  Only condition  of entry 86 is that  additional  levy and collection of additional duty of excise should not  be exempt. There is no additional onus cast on the dealer  to establish that same was actually paid. 

29. This   discussion   would   be   sufficient   to   dismiss   the  petition. However, when an alternative contention has been  raised by the respondent and argued by both the sides, we  consider   it   proper   to   entertain   the   same   also.   We   may  recall  that  the  alternative  contention  of  the  assessee  was  that   even   if   the   goods   were   not   covered   under   entry   86,  same would fall under entry 8 of schedule­IIA to the GST  Act and would be exempt from payment of tax by virtue of  exemption notifications issued form time to time. The fact  that sugar falling under entry 8, is exempt from payment of  tax by virtue  of exemption  notifications  is not in dispute.  What  the petitioner  however,  disputes  is that the item in  question would not fall under entry 8 since the term 'sugar'  must   be   understood   in   common   parlance   term   without  giving     it   any     artificial   or   expansive   meaning,   which   is  adopted   for   the   purpose   of   entry   86.   To   our   mind   such  contention  is misconceived.  We must however,  first begin  by   considering   that   in  Sakarwala   Brothers  (supra),   this  Court   as   well   as   Supreme   Court   recognized   that   in  common   parlance   term   and   in   common   understanding,  items   such   as   patasa,   harada,   sakaria   and   alchidana,  would  not be covered  under the term 'sugar'. It was only  Page 21 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT because of specific definition incorporated in the said entry  as defined in item no.1 of  the First Schedule to the Central  Excises and Salt Act, 1944, that such terms were included. 

30. Term 'sugar'  for the relevant  entry of Bombay  Sales  Tax Act, it was verbatim the same as entry 86. However, we  have  noticed   the  changes   which   were  made   by   the  State  legislature from time to time in predecessor  entry 42 and  entry   3E.   We   have   noticed   that   when   the   condition   was  imposed   in   entry   42   for   enjoying   exemption   and  correspondingly,  entry  3E to schedule­IIA was introduced  for taxing these goods which were not falling under entry  42,  the  definition  of  term  'sugar'  in  both  the  entries   was  identical. In clear terms, therefore, the intention was to tax  sugar not covered under exemption entry 42 (now entry 86)  under entry 3E (now entry 8) in which identical definitions  were adopted for both the entries. Having done so, on the  representations by the trade, the State Government issued  exemption   notification   waiving   entire   sales   tax   even   on  sugar   falling   under   entry   3E.   It   was   only   by   virtue   of  deletion  of  the  First  Schedule  to the  Central  Excises  and  Salt Act,  1944  and its  replacement  by the  newly  enacted  Central   Excise   Tariff   Act,1985,   that   changes   had   to   be  made  in  entries  42   and  3E.  Entry   42   post  1.4.1989   had  reference to sub­heading Nos. 1701.10, 1701.20, 1701.31  and  1701.39  of   the   schedule   to  the  Central   Excise  Tariff  Act,1985 instead of item no.1 of  the First Schedule to the  Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944. We have noticed that  despite   these   changes   the   definition   of   sugar   in   effect  remained the same. It was therefore, also that in entry 3E  the reference to sugar as defined in item no.1 of the First  Page 22 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT Schedule to the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944 came to  be   deleted.   It   is   true   that   post   1.4.1989,   entry   3E   only  refers   to  sugar  to   which  entry   42  of  Schedule­I does  not  apply.   However,   looking   to   the   historical   changes   made  from time to time in such entry, we have not the slightest  hesitation   that   even   after   1.4.1989,   entry   3E     included  sugar  to  which  entry  42  in schedule­I did  not  apply  and  the term 'sugar' had a common meaning for both entry 42  as well as entry 3E.  Very insertion and existence of entry  3E was to specify rate of tax for sugar to which entry 42  did not apply. In other words sugar which was defined in  entry 42 but was not included in it because the condition  for inclusion was not satisfied would be taxed as per entry  3E of schedule­IIA. 

31. When   seen   in   this   light,   we   cannot   accept   the  contention   that   for   the   purpose   of   entry   3E,   we   must  discard definition of term 'sugar' as referred to in Central  Excise   Tariff   Act,1985   and   must   treat   items   such   as  patasa,  harada,  sakaria  and  alchidana    as  different  from  sugar as understood in common parlance.

32. We may notice that in a circular dated 3.4.1989 while  explaining     the   changes   made   after   1.4.1989   in   the   GST  Act, it was explained that in schedule­I in entry 37, 40, 42,  43 and 44, if additional duty of excise is paid, sales tax is  not to be levied. The definition of these terms were adopted  from   Central   Excises   and   Salt   Act,   1944.   Now   with   the  introduction  of   Central  Excise   Tariff  Act,1985   in  place   of  Central   Excises   and   Salt   Act,   1944,   definition   of   these  terms is referred to from the said Act. Interestingly, in  the  Page 23 of 24 C/SCA/591/2014 JUDGMENT Gujarat   Value   Added   Tax   Act   also,   similar   entries   and  exemptions  are   provided.  In   that  background,   in  circular  dated   1.8.2012   issued   by   the   State     Government,   it   is  provided   that   by   virtue   of   decision   of   Supreme   Court   in  case of Sakarwala Brothers (supra), items such as patasa,  harada, sakaria and alchidana containing more than 90%  sucrose  are  considered  as  sugar  and  therefore,   would  be  exempt from payment of VAT.  When the State Authorities  themselves     have   clarified   the   situation,   as   mentioned  above,   we   see   no   scope   for   any   further   debate.   Quite  independently  also,  we have given  our own  interpretation  to  various   entries  holding  the   field.   We   fully  endorse  the  view of the tribunal. We further hold that even if case of the  respondent  does not fall under entry 86 of schedule­I, by  virtue   of   condition   contained   therein   not   being   satisfied,  same would fall under entry 8 of schedule­IIA and not in  entry 167 as contended by the Revenue.

33. In the result, both the petitions are dismissed.

 

(AKIL KURESHI, J.) (MS SONIA GOKANI, J.) raghu Page 24 of 24