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[Cites 8, Cited by 1]

Gujarat High Court

Vaghela Popatbhai Chhaganbhai vs State Of Gujarat & 4 on 26 December, 2016

Author: Abhilasha Kumari

Bench: Abhilasha Kumari

                  C/SCA/10911/2016                                            JUDGMENT




                    IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

                       SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 10911 of 2016


         FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:


         HONOURABLE SMT. JUSTICE ABHILASHA KUMARI
         ================================================================
         1     Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to
               see the judgment ?
         2     To be referred to the Reporter or not ?
         3     Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of
               the judgment ?
         4     Whether this case involves a substantial question of
               law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India
               or any order made thereunder ?
         ================================================================
                     VAGHELA POPATBHAI CHHAGANBHAI....Petitioner(s)
                                       Versus
                         STATE OF GUJARAT & 4....Respondent(s)
         ================================================================
         Appearance:
         MR AN PATEL, ADVOCATE for the Petitioner(s) No. 1
         MS.TRUPTI A.PATEL, ADVOCATE for the Petitioner(s) No. 1
         MR KM ANTANI, ASST.GOVERNMENT PLEADER for Respondent No. 1 - 4
         MR TATTVAM K PATEL, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 5
         ================================================================
             CORAM: HONOURABLE SMT. JUSTICE ABHILASHA KUMARI

                                      Date : 26/12/2016
                                     ORAL JUDGMENT

1. This   petition   under   Article­226   of   the  Constitution of India has been filed, inter­alia, with  the prayer to issue a suitable writ or directions to  the statutory authorities to accept the purchase price  Page 1 of 24 HC-NIC Page 1 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT fixed by  respondent  No.4, Mamlatdar and ALT, Nadiad,  by   granting   the   benefit   of   extension   under   the  Notification dated 14.10.2014 and, further, to issue a  Certificate   to   the  petitioner  as   a   tenant   of   land  bearing   Survey   Nos.46   and   47   of   village   Dumral   and  Survey No.215 of village Tundel, District Nadiad.

2. It   is   the   case   of   the  petitioner  that   he   is   a  protected tenant under the provisions of the Gujarat  Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1939 ("the Tenancy  Act",   for   short)  as  he  has   inherited   tenancy   rights  from the original tenant Chhaganbhai Gagabhai Vaghela  and   Maganbhai   Gagabhai   Vaghela,   from   whom   Shanabhai  Gagabhai Vaghela inherited the tenancy. The petitioner  claims   the   tenancy   through   the   latter.   According   to  the petitioner, he is tilling the land in question as  a   tenant,   residing   on   the   land   for   more   than   sixty  years and paying rent to the landlord.

3. It   is   stated   that   there   was   some   litigation  between   the   landlord   and   tenant,   which   has   been  superficially   referred   to   in   the   petition   but   the  exact   details   and   result   of   which   have   not   been  indicated. There is also a reference to Special Civil  Page 2 of 24 HC-NIC Page 2 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT Application No.8793/2016 having been filed before this  Court wherein, by an order dated 07.06.2016, the Court  directed the authorities to consider the case of the  petitioner  for   the   payment   of   the   purchase   price.  However,   the   said   order   has   not   been   produced   on  record or supplied later on.

4. The   petition   has   been   strongly   opposed   by  respondent  No.5   by   filing   an   affidavit­in­reply,   in  which a preliminary objection has been taken regarding  the suppression of material facts by the  petitioner.  It   is   stated   in   the   reply   that   Shanabhai   Gagabhai  Vaghela, through whom the  petitioner  is claiming his  tenancy, had filed an application under Section­32(1)

(b)   of   the   Tenancy   Act,   wherein   he   lost   upto   the  Gujarat   Revenue   Tribunal.   Thereafter,   he   preferred  Special   Civil   Application   No.12865/2008   before   this  Court. By an order dated 22.06.2009, the petition came  to   be   dismissed.   A   copy   of   this   order   has   been  produced   as   Annexure­RI   to   the   reply   by  respondent  No.5. By the above order, this Court has upheld the  findings   of   the   Deputy   Collector   that   the   land   in  question   was   orchard   land   and   no   tenancy   can   be  Page 3 of 24 HC-NIC Page 3 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT claimed on such land. Shanabhai Gagabhai Vaghela, the  predecessor­in­interest of the  petitioner, challenged  the   above­mentioned   order   of   this   Court   before   the  Division   Bench   by   filing   Letters   Patent   Appeal  No.2215/2009. By an order dated 09.04.2010, the appeal  was rejected.

5. It   is   further   stated   in   the   affidavit­in­reply  filed by  respondent  No.5 that, in the year 2009, the  present  petitioner  had filed Tenancy Case No.2/2009,  under   Section­70B   of   the   Tenancy   Act   before   the  Mamlatdar   and   ALT,   which   was   rejected   by   an   order  dated   28.12.2012   with   a   specific   finding   that   the  petitioner has failed to establish his tenancy rights  over   the   land   in   question.   Against   this   order   the  petitioner  preferred Tenancy Appeal No.6/2013, before  the Deputy Collector, which was rejected by an order  dated   08.02.2016.   The   copies   of   both   the   above­ mentioned orders have been annexed as Annexures­R3 and  R4 to the reply filed by respondent No.5.

6. Respondent No.5 further states in the affidavit­ in­reply   that,   in   the   year   2010,   the   present  petitioner preferred an application, purportedly under  Page 4 of 24 HC-NIC Page 4 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT Section­43(1)(d) of the Tenancy Act and Tenancy Case  No.24/2010 came to be registered before the Mamlatdar  and ALT. This application has also been rejected by an  order dated 26.03.2013. A copy of this order has been  produced   as   Annexure­R5.   It   is   stated   that   all   the  above­mentioned proceedings and the orders passed by  the Division Bench, this Court, the Tribunal and the  revenue   authorities,   have   been   suppressed   by   the  petitioner.   As   there   is   a   suppression   of   material  facts,   the   petition   deserves   to   be   rejected   on   this  ground alone.

7. The   petitioner  has   filed   an   affidavit­in­ rejoinder,   reiterating   his   stand   that   he   is   a  protected tenant, having inherited the tenancy rights  from the original tenant, and is in possession of the  land. According to him, no action has been taken by  respondent No.5 (the landowner) to take back the legal  possession   of   the   land.   There   are   vague   allegations  regarding non­grant of an opportunity of hearing but  it   is   not   clear   in   which   proceedings.   It   is   stated  that  respondent  No.5   is   colluding   with   the     Police  authorities   in   order   to   take   forcible   possession   of  Page 5 of 24 HC-NIC Page 5 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT the   land   in   question,   therefore,   the   tenant  (petitioner)   is   entitled   for   the   restoration   of   the  possession under Sections­29, 43, 70, 81 and 32FF of  the Tenancy Act. There is no denial in the affidavit­ in­rejoinder,   to   the   preliminary   objection   regarding  suppression of material facts. On the contrary, it is  stated (in paragraph­8) that the  proceedings between  the heirs of the original tenants and respondent No.5  have nothing to do with the termination of tenancy or  dispossession   of   the  petitioner,   who   is   entitled   to  the purchase price.

8. In   the   above   background,   this   Court   has   heard  learned counsel for the respective parties at length. 

    

9. Mr.Tattvam   K.   Patel,   learned   advocate   for  respondent No.5, has strongly pressed the preliminary  objection regarding suppression of facts and submitted  that   the   petition   deserves   to   be   rejected   at   the  threshold,   without   entering   into   the   merits   as   the  petitioner has not come with clean hands. 

10. It is submitted that the petitioner is claiming  to be the heir of Shanabhai Gagabhai Vaghela, who had  Page 6 of 24 HC-NIC Page 6 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT claimed to be the tenant of the land in question. This  averment has been made by the petitioner in paragraph­ 3   of   the   petition.   However,   this   Court   (Coram: 

D.A.Mehta,   J.),  vide  the   order   dated   22.06.2009,  passed in Special Civil Application No.12865 of 2008,  rejected   the   petition   filed   by   the   legal   heir   of  Shanabhai   Gagabhai   Vaghela   against   the   order   of   the  Gujarat   Revenue   Tribunal,   which   found   that   the   said  Shanabhai   Gagabhai   Vaghela   was   not   entitled   to  purchase  the   land  in  question  on  the   appointed   day.  This order has been confirmed by the Division Bench by  the   judgment   dated   09.04.2010,   passed   in   Letters  Patent   Appeal   No.2215   of   2009   in   Special   Civil  Application No.12865   of 2009. Further, the Division  Bench   has   observed,   in   paragraph­7   of   the   said  judgment that the petitioner, namely, the legal heir  of   Shanabhai   Gagabhai   Vaghela,   could   not   be   in  possession of the land and seek benefit under Section  32(1B)   of   the   Bombay   Tenancy   and   Agricultural   Lands  Act, 1948 ("the Act" for short), which applies to a  tenant   who   was   in   possession   of   the   land   on   the  appointed day and has been  dispossessed  of such land  by  the   landlord   illegally.  It  is  observed  that   when  Page 7 of 24 HC-NIC Page 7 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT the benefit of Section­32(1B) is pressed into service,  it presupposes that the petitioner would have lost the  possession. It is submitted that the averment of the  petitioner   in   the   present   petition   that   he   is   in  possession is, therefore, not correct.
11. Learned advocate for respondent No.5 has further  submitted   that   independently   of   the   proceedings  preferred   by   the   heirs   and   legal   representatives   of  the   predecessor­in­title   of   the   petitioner,   the  petitioner has moved the Mamlatdar and ALT by filing  Tenancy Case No.2/2009 under Section 70B of the Act,  to be declared as a tenant. The Mamlatdar and ALT has  rejected   the   application   of   the   petitioner   by   his  order   dated   28.12.2012.   The   petitioner   moved   the  Deputy   Collector   against   the   order   of   the   Mamlatdar  and   ALT   who   has   also   rejected   the   appeal,   being  Tenancy Appeal No.06/2013, on 08.02.2016.
12. Learned   advocate   for   respondent   No.5   further  submits   that   yet   another   proceeding,   being   Tenancy  Case   No.24/2010,   was   initiated   by   the   petitioner   as  the Power of Attorney holder of Sakarben and on his  own behalf before the Mamlatdar and ALT, under Section  Page 8 of 24 HC-NIC Page 8 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT 43(1)   of   the   Act.   This   application   has   also   been  rejected by an order dated 26.03.2013.
13. It   is   contended   that   the   orders   of   this   Court,  the Division Bench as well as the orders passed by the  Mamlatdar   and   ALT   and   the   Deputy   Collector   in   the  proceedings   initiated   by   the   predecessor­in­interest  of   the   petitioner   and   also   by   himself,   have   been  suppressed from this Court. In the petition, there is  no mention regarding the proceedings initiated by the  petitioner, himself, before the Mamlatdar and ALT and  the Deputy Collector, which have been rejected.
14. On   the   above   grounds,   it   is   prayed   that   the  petition be rejected without entering into the merits  of the case.
15. Mr.K.M.Antani,   learned   Assistant   Government  Pleader, has supported the arguments made by learned  advocate   for   respondent   No.5   and   has,   in   addition,  submitted that on 07.06.2016, this Court had passed an  order   directing   the   Collector   to   look   into   the  application   made   by   the   petitioner   for   the   extended  benefits  of  the   provisions  under  Section   32M  of  the  Act.   The   same   prayers   are   made   by   the   petitioner  Page 9 of 24 HC-NIC Page 9 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT before   this   Court.   Learned   Assistant   Government  Pleader   has   brought   to   the   notice   of   the   Court   the  following judgments and has urged that the petition be  rejected   on   the   ground   of   suppression   of   material  facts :
(i) Prestige   Lights   Ltd.   vs.   State   Bank   of  India, reported in (2007) 8 SCC 449.
(ii) K.D.Sharma   Vs.   Steel   Authority   of   India  Limited   and   others,  reported   in  (2008)   12  SCC 481.

16. Mr.A.N.Patel,   learned   advocate   for   the  petitioner,   submits   that   it   is   only   because   the  Collector has not taken any action on the application  of the petitioner that the petitioner has approached  this Court by filing the present petition. 

17. Regarding   the   preliminary   objection   of  suppression of material facts, Mr.Patel has submitted  that   though   earlier   tenancy   proceedings   had   taken  place they had not materialized for want of execution.  The   landlord   had   never   taken   out   proceedings   for  taking   possession   under   Sections­29   and   31   of   the  Tenancy Act.




                                          Page 10 of 24

HC-NIC                                  Page 10 of 24     Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016
                 C/SCA/10911/2016                                           JUDGMENT



18. It   is   further   submitted   by   Mr.A.N.Patel,   that  though   the   proceedings   have   not   been   specifically  mentioned   in   the   petition,   they   have   been   generally  referred   to   in   paragraphs­3   and   5   of   the   petition.  There was no requirement for any specific mention of  the proceedings as they have no bearing on the prayers  made   in   the   present   petition.   The   petitioner   is   in  possession   of   the  land,  therefore,   he   can  claim  the  benefits of a tenant. Hence, it cannot be said that  there   is   a   suppression   of   material   facts   by   the  petitioner.

19. It is submitted that in the earlier petition, this   Court had directed the authorities to consider the case   of the petitioner by the order dated 07.06.2016, which   is   the   reason   why   the   petitioner   has   approached   the   Court again, through this petition.

20. In   the   above   background,   this   Court   has   heard  learned   counsel   for   the   respective   parties   on   the  question   of   suppression   of   material   facts   by   the  petitioner and has perused the material on record.

21. It is asserted by the petitioner in the petition  that he is claiming tenancy rights over the land in  Page 11 of 24 HC-NIC Page 11 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT question through one Shanabhai Gagabhai Vaghela. It is  a   matter  of  record   that  the   said  Shanabhai   Gagabhai  Vaghela had filed an application under Section­32(1B)  of the Tenancy Act. Being unsuccessful, he approached  the   Gujarat   Revenue   Tribunal   ("the   Tribunal",   for  short)   but   his   case   was   rejected.   Aggrieved   by   the  order of the Tribunal legal heir of the said Shanabhai  Gagabhai   Vaghela   filed   Special   Civil   Application  No.12865/2008   before   this   Court.   By   an   order   dated  22.06.2009,   this   Court   rejected   the   petition  summarily,   upholding   the   findings   of   the   Deputy  Collector   that   the   predecessor   of   the   petitioner   of  that   petition   (Shanabhai   Gagabhai   Vaghela)   was   not  entitled   to   purchase   the   land   in   question   on   the  appointed   day   and   the   petitioner   cannot   claim   any  right   under   the   provisions   of   Section­32(1B)   of   the  Act. The findings of the Deputy   Collector that the  land was leased out for the cultivation of fruit trees  in   terms   of   the   provisions   of   Section­43A   of   the  Tenancy Act and the predecessor of the petitioner was  held not to be entitled to be treated as a tenant for  the   purpose   of   the   proceedings   under   Section­32G   of  the Tenancy Act, were  upheld by the Court. Thus, the  Page 12 of 24 HC-NIC Page 12 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT petition came to be summarily rejected. This order was  challenged   by   the   legal   heir   of   Shanabhai   Gagabhai  Vaghela   in   Letters   Patent   Appeal   No.2215/2009   in  Special Civil Application No.12865/2008. By an order  dated   09.04.2010,   the   appeal   was   dismissed   with   the  following observations:

"7.  Learned  counsel for  the  petitioner  however,  submitted   that   the   petitioner   is   still   in  possession   of   the   land.   We   do   not   see   how   the  petitioner can still be in possession of the land  and can still seek benefit of section 32(1B) of  the Act. The said Section applies where a tenant  who   was   in   possession   of   the   land   on   the  appointed day has been dispossessed of such land   by   the   landlord   illegally.   When   benefit   of   Section   32(1B)   is   pressed   in   service,   it   pre­ supposes   that   the   petitioner   would   have   lost  possession.
8. Be that as it may. We see no error in the view  of   the   learned   Single   Judge   which   in   turn,  confirmed the order of the Revenue Tribunal.
9.   In   the   result,   the   Appeal   fails   and   is  dismissed."

22. From   the   above   orders   of   this   Court   and   the  Division   Bench,   it   is   clear   that   the   claim   of   the  predecessor­in­interest of the present petitioner as a  Page 13 of 24 HC-NIC Page 13 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT tenant of the land in question has been rejected. The  order of the Division Bench, which has put an end to  the issue, has attained finality. Both the orders of  this Court and the Division Bench have   not   been  placed on record by the petitioner, or even mentioned  in the petition. The said orders have a direct bearing  on the prayers made in the petition, which are for the  conferment   of   benefits   that   are   only   legally  admissible   to   a   legally   declared   tenant.   When   the  predecessor­in­interest   of   the   petitioner   has   been  held not to be a tenant, the petitioner's claim, as  such,   falls   flat   on   the   ground.   In   order   to  deliberately   conceal   the   factual   and   legal   position  emerging   from   the   above   orders,   the   petitioner   has  chosen not to make any specific reference to them and  has not brought the said order to the notice of the  Court, in order to mislead it. These orders have been  placed   on   record   along   with   the   affidavit­in­reply  filed   by   respondent   No.5.   As   the   petitioner   has  deliberately   concealed   the   orders   of   this   Court   and  the Division Bench, which have a direct bearing on the  issue raised in the present petition, this Court is of  the view that there is a suppression of material facts  Page 14 of 24 HC-NIC Page 14 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT by the petitioner.

23. In  paragraph­5 of the petition there is a  vague,   general   and   jumbled­up   reference   to   some   previous   litigation without any specific details of the outcome   thereof.   Mere   allusions   and   oblique   references   have   been made, in order to confuse the Court, which do not   present   the   real   or   a   clear   picture.   Such   clever   drafting   cannot   be   appreciated   but   is   required   to   be   deprecated, as it is designed to pull the wool over the   Court's eyes so that half­truths are projected as the   truth.   Such   conduct   on   the   part   of   the   petitioner   confirms   the   view   of   this   Court   that   there   is    a deliberate suppression of material facts by him.

24. There is more to say on the issue of suppression.  In the year 2009, the petitioner had preferred Tenancy  Case No.2/2009 under Section­70B of the Tenancy Act,  which came to be rejected by an order dated 28.12.2012  of the Mamlatdar and ALT. This order has been annexed  as   Annexure­R3   with   the   affidavit­in­reply   filed   by  respondent No.5. The ALT found that the petitioner had  failed to establish his tenancy rights over the land  in   question.   This   order   was   challenged   by   the  Page 15 of 24 HC-NIC Page 15 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT petitioner   before   the   Deputy   Collector   by   filing  Tenancy   Appeal   No.6/2013,   which   was   rejected   by   an  order dated 08.02.2016. This order has been produced  as Annexure­R4 to the affidavit­in­reply of respondent  No.5. To add further to this list of litigation, the  present   petitioner   preferred   an   application,  purportedly under Section­43(1)(d) of the Tenancy Act,  before the Mamlatdar and ALT, which was registered as  Tenancy Case No.24/2010. By an order dated 26.03.2013,  this   application   also   came   to   be   rejected.   All   the  above­mentioned orders have been suppressed from this  Court by the petitioner.      

25. All the above orders of the Division Bench, this  Court,   the   Tribunal   and   the   authorities   under   the  Tenancy   Act,   clearly   demolish   the   claim   of   the  petitioner   as   a   tenant   and   his   purported   possession  over the land in question. The submission advanced by  Mr.A.N.Patel, learned advocate for the petitioner that  the   previous   litigation   has   nothing   to   do   with   the  prayers made in the present petition, deserves to, and  is, rejected outright. In the rejoinder filed by the  petitioner   there   is   no   assertive   denial   to   the  allegation   regarding   suppression   of   material   facts. 



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                 C/SCA/10911/2016                                           JUDGMENT



Rather,   an   attempt   is   made   to   explain   away   the  previous litigation in the same oblique fashion as has  been   done   in   the   petition,   solely   with   a   view   to  giving the Court a wrong impression.

26. Reference has been made by the petitioner to an  order dated 07.06.2016, passed by this Court (Coram: 

N.V.Anjaria,   J.)   in   Special   Civil   Application  No.8793/2016.   This   order   has   not   been   produced   on  record. However, a copy thereof has been supplied by  learned counsel for respondent No.5. A perusal of the  said   order   reveals   that   the   petitioner   had   made  similar assertions regarding his claim as a tenant in  that petition as well. However, no notice was issued  by this Court, therefore, the claim of the petitioner  could   not   be   contested.   Without   entering   into   the  merits   of   the   matter,   this   Court   directed   the  Collector,   Kheda,   to   examine   the   case   of   the  petitioner   and   if   found   meritorious,   to   extend   the  benefits prayed for to him. This order does not confer  any rights on the petitioner at all. What transpired  thereafter is not clear, as no order is challenged in  the present petition. 




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                 C/SCA/10911/2016                                           JUDGMENT



27. Having arrived at the conclusion that there is a  suppression   of   material   facts   by   the   petitioner,   as  per the settled position of law, the Court is within  its rights in rejecting the case of the petitioner on  this ground alone. 
28. In  K.D.Sharma   Vs.   Steel   Authority   of   India  Limited   and   others   (supra),   the   Supreme   Court   has  held as under :
"34. The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under  Article   32   and   of   the   High   Court   under   Article  226   of   the   Constitution   is   extraordinary,  equitable   and   discretionary.   Prerogative   writs  mentioned   therein   are   issued   for   doing  substantial justice. It is, therefore, of utmost  necessity   that   the   petitioner   approaching   the  Writ   Court   must   come   with   clean   hands,   put  forward   all   the   facts   before   the   Court   without  concealing   or   suppressing   anything   and   seek   an  appropriate   relief.   If   there   is   no   candid  disclosure of relevant and material facts or the   petitioner is guilty of misleading the Court, his   petition   may   be   dismissed   at   the   threshold   without considering the merits of the claim. 
35.   The   underlying   object   has   been   succinctly  stated by Scrutton, L.J., in the leading case of  R. v. Kensington Income Tax Commissioners, (1917)  Page 18 of 24 HC-NIC Page 18 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT 1   KB   486   :   86   LJ   KB   257   :   116   LT   136   in   the   following words (KB p.514): 
"...it has been for many years the rule of  the   Court,   and   one   which   it   is   of   the  greatest   importance   to   maintain,   that   when  an   applicant   comes   to   the   Court   to   obtain  relief   on   an   ex   parte   statement   he   should  make a full and fair disclosure of all the  material facts­ it says facts, not  law. He  must not misstate the law if he can help it;  the Court is supposed to know the law. But  it   knows   nothing   about   the   facts,   and   the  applicant   must   state   fully   and   fairly   the  facts;   and   the   penalty   by   which   the   Court  enforces that obligation is that if it finds   out that the facts have not been fully and  fairly stated to it the Court will set aside   any action which it has taken on the faith  of   the   imperfect   statement". 

(emphasis supplied) 

36. A   prerogative   remedy   is   not   a   matter   of  course.   While   exercising   extraordinary   power   a  Writ   Court   would   certainly   bear   in   mind   the  conduct of the party who invokes the jurisdiction   of   the   Court.   If   the   applicant   makes   a   false   statement or suppresses material fact or attempts  to mislead the Court, the Court may dismiss the  action   on   that   ground   alone   and   may   refuse   to   enter into the merits of the case by stating "We  will   not   listen   to   your   application   because   of  Page 19 of 24 HC-NIC Page 19 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT what you have done". The rule has been evolved in  larger   public   interest   to   deter   unscrupulous  litigants   from   abusing   the   process   of   Court   by  deceiving it.

37. *****

38.   The   above   principles   have   been   accepted   in  our   legal   system   also.   As   per   settled   law,   the  party who invokes the extraordinary jurisdiction  of this Court under Article 32 or of a High Court   under Article 226 of the Constitution is supposed   to be truthful, frank and open. He must disclose  all  material  facts  without  any  reservation  even  if they are against him. He cannot be allowed to  play `hide and seek' or to `pick and choose' the  facts he likes to disclose and to suppress (keep  back) or not to disclose (conceal) other facts.  The very basis of the writ jurisdiction rests in  disclosure of true and complete (correct) facts.  If   material   facts   are   suppressed   or   distorted,   the very functioning of Writ Courts and exercise   would   become   impossible.   The   petitioner   must  disclose   all   the   facts   having   a   bearing   on   the  relief sought without any qualification. This is  because, "the Court knows law but not facts". 

29. In  Prestige Lights Ltd. vs. State Bank of India  (supra), the Supreme Court has held as under:

"33. It is thus clear that though the appellant   Company   had   approached   the   High   Court   under  Page 20 of 24 HC-NIC Page 20 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT Article   226  of   the   Constitution,   it   had   not  candidly stated all the facts to the Court. The  High   Court   is   exercising   discretionary   and  extraordinary   jurisdiction   under   Article   226   of   the Constitution. Over and above, a Court of Law  is also a Court of Equity. It is, therefore, of  utmost necessity that when a party approaches a  High   Court,   he   must   place   all   the   facts   before  the   Court   without   any   reservation.   If   there   is  suppression of material facts on the part of the  applicant   or   twisted   facts   have   been   placed  before   the   Court,   the   Writ   Court   may   refuse   to  entertain   the   petition   and   dismiss   it   without  entering into merits of the matter. 
34. The   object   underlying   the   above   principle  has been succinctly stated by Scrutton, L.J., in   R   v.   Kensington   Income   Tax   Commrs.,   in   the  following words:
"[I]t   has   been   for   many   years   the   rule   of  the   Court,   and   one   which   it   is   of   the  greatest   importance   to   maintain,   that   when  an   applicant   comes   to   the   Court   to   obtain  relief   on   an   ex   parte   statement   he   should  made a full and fair disclosure of all the  material facts facts, not  law. He must not  misstate the law if he can help itthe Court  is   supposed   to   know   the   law.   But   it   knows  nothing   about   the   facts,   and   the   applicant   must state  fully and fairly the  facts, and  the penalty by which the Court enforces that   obligation is that if it finds out that the  Page 21 of 24 HC-NIC Page 21 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT facts have not been fully and fairly stated  to it, the Court will set aside, any action  which   it   has   taken   on   the   faith   of   the   imperfect statement".               

                        (emphasis supplied) 

35. It is well settled that a prerogative remedy  is   not   a   matter   of   course.   In   exercising  extraordinary power, therefore, a Writ Court will  indeed bear in mind the conduct of the party who  is  invoking  such  jurisdiction.  If  the   applicant  does   not   disclose   full   facts   or   suppresses   relevant   materials   or   is   otherwise   guilty   of  misleading the Court, the Court may dismiss the  action without adjudicating the matter. The rule  has   been   evolved   in   larger   public   interest   to  deter   unscrupulous   litigants   from   abusing   the  process of Court by deceiving it. The very basis  of the writ jurisdiction rests in disclosure of  true, complete and correct facts. If the material   facts are not candidly stated or are suppressed  or   are   distorted,   the   very   functioning   of   the   writ courts would become impossible. 

36. *****

37. For the  foregoing reasons, we hold  that by  dismissing the petition in limine, the High Court   has   neither   committed   an   error   of   law   nor   of   jurisdiction.   The   appellant­Company   is   not  entitled   to   any   relief.   Though   the   respondent­ Bank   is   right   in   submitting   that   the   appellant  has suppressed material facts from this Court as   also that it has not complied with interim order  Page 22 of 24 HC-NIC Page 22 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT passed   by   the   Court   and   it   has,   therefore,   no   right   to   claim   hearing   on   merits,   we   have  considered the merits of the matter also and we  are of the considered view that no case has been  made out for interference with the action taken  by the respondent­Bank or the order passed by the  High Court." 

30. It   is   clear   from   the   above   well­settled  principles   of   law  that   are  now   firmly   entrenched   in  our jurisprudence that a litigant, such as the present  petitioner, who has not come to the Court with clean  hands and has suppressed material facts and attempted  to   place   distorted   facts   on   record,   deserves   no  equitable relief under Article­226 of the Constitution  of India.

31. Even on merits, the claim of the petitioner has  been   negatived  by  the   Mamlatdar   and  ALT,   the  Deputy  Collector, the Tribunal, this Court and the Division  Bench, all the above orders having been suppressed by  the   petitioner.   The   order   of   the  Division  Bench  has  attained finality and the claim of the petitioner as a  tenant   and   even   his   possession   over   the   land   in  question,   has   been   negatived.   By   suppressing   these  Page 23 of 24 HC-NIC Page 23 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016 C/SCA/10911/2016 JUDGMENT orders the petitioner has clearly intended to keep the  Court   in   the   dark,   which   intention   can   only   be  deprecated in the strongest of terms. Litigants such  as the present petitioner tend to sully the purity of  the administration of justice by attempting to abuse  the process of the Court.

32. As a result of the above discussion and for the  reasons stated hereinabove, the petition is rejected.

33. The   petitioner   shall   pay   costs   of   Rs.10,000/­  (Rupees   Ten   Thousand   only)   to   the   Gujarat   Legal  Services Authority within 15 days from the date of the  receipt of a copy of this judgment.

(SMT. ABHILASHA KUMARI, J.) Mr.A.N.Patel, learned advocate for the petitioner  has prayed that the implementation of the judgment be  kept   in   abeyance   for   two   weeks.   Considering   the  reasons   stated   in   the   judgment,   the   request   is  declined.

(SMT. ABHILASHA KUMARI, J.) Gaurav+ Page 24 of 24 HC-NIC Page 24 of 24 Created On Tue Dec 27 00:09:48 IST 2016