Rajasthan High Court - Jodhpur
Girdhari vs State Of Rajasthan (2024:Rj-Jd:21882) on 9 May, 2024
Author: Farjand Ali
Bench: Farjand Ali
[2024:RJ-JD:21882]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT
JODHPUR
S.B. Criminal Misc(Pet.) No. 3012/2024
1. Girdhari S/o Sh. Lala Ram, Aged About 30 Years, R/o
Bhojasar, Police Station Baytu, Dist. Barmer.
2. Ramesh Kumar S/o Sh. Pokar Ram, Aged About 35 Years,
R/o Pheench, Tehsil Luni, Dist. Jodhpur.
----Petitioners
Versus
State Of Rajasthan, Through Pp
----Respondent
For Petitioner(s) : Mr. Vijay Raj Bishnoi
For Respondent(s) : Mr. Mukhtiyar Khan, PP
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE FARJAND ALI
Order 09/05/2024
1. The instant Misc. Petition has been preferred on behalf of the petitioner for quashing of the order dated 27.03.2024 passed by the learned Special Judge, NDPS Cases, Pratapgarh in Sessions Case No.99/2023, whereby the prayer made by him for taking on record the call details and tower location of the police officials has been rejected.
2. Succinctly, stated the facts of the case are that the petitioners are facing trial for committing an offence under the penal provision of the NDPS Act. During the course of trial, they moved an application under Sections 91 & 311 of the I.P.C. and Section 165 of the Indian Evidence Act. It was averred in the application that the story set out in the charge sheet regarding their apprehension and recovery of the contraband was nothing but a sham, false and a concocted story has been prepared. It was (Downloaded on 17/05/2024 at 09:01:46 PM) [2024:RJ-JD:21882] (2 of 7) [CRLMP-3012/2024] contended that the police officers, names of which are mentioned in the application were not present at the relevant point of time and date as it was mentioned in the memos and, therefore, it was prayed that the call data record and the tower locations of the police officials be taken on record. It is contended that by virtue of the regulation of TRAI, the relevant data gets automatically expired after one year and if it happens so, the petitioners would be deprived of getting justice. The said application has been rejected, hence the instant Misc. Petition.
3. Heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the material as made available to this Court.
4. This Court has made an elaborate discussion with regard to the controversy involved in the case of Chotha Ram & Anr. Vs. State of Rajasthan passed in SBCRLMP No.3672/2023 decided on 04.03.2023. The relevant paragraphs are being reproduced hereunder:-
3. A plea has been raised at the behest of petitioners to the effect that a false case has been foisted upon them. The arrest memos and the seizure memos were not prepared at the time mentioned on it and this fact can be verified from the production of the documents, which are in the form of electronic evidence. It was contended that the police officers, whose names are mentioned in the seizure memo, were not present at the time and place as they have been portrayed in papers and as such the memos are farce since at the relevant point of time, neither the petitioners nor the police officers, whose names are mentioned in the application, were present at the crime place. In fact all the papers were prepared by the police at Police Station at a time different to what has been mentioned.(Downloaded on 17/05/2024 at 09:01:46 PM)
[2024:RJ-JD:21882] (3 of 7) [CRLMP-3012/2024]
4. It is pleaded that the above fact can be verified from the production of call data record and tower locations of the mobile phones, which were with the police officers. A prayer was made for summoning the call details and tower locations of the mobile phones of police officers, names of which are given in the application, of the dates of 16.05.2022 and 17.05.2022, so as to elicit the truth. The said application has been rejected by the trial court vide the order under assail.
5. Heard learned counsel for the petitioners as well as learned Public Prosecutor and gone through the niceties of the matter.
6. Defending oneself is not only a statutory but a fundamental right guaranteed by the Constitution of India. Article 21 of the Constitution of India provides that no person shall be deprived for his/her life and personal liberty except in accordance with the procedure established by law.
7. In the case of Maneka Gandhi Vs. Union of India reported in AIR 1978 SC 597, Hon'ble the Supreme Court has emphasized that the procedure established by law must always be fair, just and reasonable and it cannot be arbitrary, oppressive or unreasonable.
8. The basics of criminal jurisprudence is that always the onus lies upon the prosecution to prove its case beyond every shadow of reasonable doubt. Although in some of the statute a reverse burden theory has also been adopted but this is not the case here. When the prosecution brings a case to try and punish an accused for certain culpable act, then it is imperative upon the prosecution; rather, it is an obligation to prove the charges by producing cogent, reliable and unimpeachable evidence, which may be in the form of oral or documentary evidence. When it is the case of the prosecution that the accused persons were apprehended from a particular place at a particular time, then it would be incumbent upon them to establish the fact beyond reasonable doubt.
9. Here, it is made clear that there is no burden upon the accused to disprove the above facts; rather, the stage of proving, disproving or not proving has not been reached till now.
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10. It is the stand of the defence that a false story has been cooked up by the prosecution by fabricating false evidence and the entire story set out in the charge-sheet is a bundle of lies. It is his stand that if the material, prayer for which is made for summoning, is taken on record then the entire case of the prosecution would fall on earth.
11. This Court feels that if for the purpose of reserving and saving the right of the accused and for the sake of justice, if a prayer is made to summon the electronic evidence so as to elicit the truth behind the story, then such prayer ought not to have been declined. When the assertion is made that what is wrong may be proved to be wrong and vice-versa in the end so that the oil and truth must come out, then the defence must be given an opportunity because not giving an opportunity would mean denying them to counter the charges or to defend themselves as well as closing the door of justice for truth to enter in.
12. It is true that after commencement of the trial, the opportunity is being given to the prosecution to lead or adduce evidence in support of charges, whereafter an explanation under Section 313 of Cr.P.C. will be sought from the accused and then the stage of entering into defence under Section 233 of Cr.P.C. would come. It is also true that until the stage of taking the evidence of the defence on record comes, the defence evidence is not required to be taken on record and for that purpose no defence material would be summoned but here is not the question of taking or tendering the defence evidence or relying upon that rather it is observed that, as per the Rules and Regulations of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, the data of call record is deleted automatically after lapse of one year, then it becomes the duty of the Court to save the data so as to enable the defence or any other party to take use of it at the appropriate stage. In fact, ordering saving/storing/preserving data from destroy would not mean that at the premature stage defence evidence is taken.
13. It does not mean that allowing an application under Section 91 of Cr.P.C. for protection of electronic records from deletion and summoning the same to keep on record would mean taking (Downloaded on 17/05/2024 at 09:01:46 PM) [2024:RJ-JD:21882] (5 of 7) [CRLMP-3012/2024] evidence of defence at a nascent stage; rather, it is being done only for the purpose of saving and protecting the evidence from being destroyed. In fact, the defence evidence shall be taken and considered after the stage of Section 233 of Cr.P.C. would come. The Court of Law and Justice is not supposed to tolerate vanishing or damaging the evidence of vital importance, the presence of which would be displaying the truth which would further mean that the truth will prevail, that the truth will be separated and set aside from the lies.
14. It is not comprehensible that what is the harm if the evidence of vital importance, which may play a key role in adjudicating the charges, is saved, stored, preserved and protected from being destroyed till the actual stage of consideration of that evidence would come.
15. This Court is of the firm opinion that if the accused persons are taking risk in making prayer for summoning call data record and tower locations record of the police officers, who claim that they apprehended the accused persons from a particular place and at a particular time, which if produced and found genuine then it may be a further piece of evidence against them as the story of the prosecution shall be proved genuine, however, imagine that if the call data record and tower locations of the police officers are not found to be matching with the time and place mentioned in the seizure memo, then it may be a serious dent in the story set out in the charge-sheet and so then there is no legal impediment in summoning the material even at a premature stage just for the purpose of saving the same from deletion. The main object of the courts are meant to impart justice and for that very object it is established. If something suggesting for truth to come on record then in my opinion not allowing the same would mean hiding the truth.
16. Why an opportunity could not be granted to the accused to disprove the charges, though such evidence would neither be considered before its actual stage nor any finding would be given on it but at least an order for protection/preservation of the evidence can certainly be passed.
17. A plain reading of Sections 91 and 311 of Cr.P.C. if read together would elucidate that whenever it appears to the Court that any evidence is essential for the just decision of the case, then it may call or recall such evidence or witness at any stage of the trial. Even after culmination of trial and during pendency of the (Downloaded on 17/05/2024 at 09:01:46 PM) [2024:RJ-JD:21882] (6 of 7) [CRLMP-3012/2024] appeal, such task can be undertaken by the Court by taking resort to Section 391 of the Cr.P.C. as the ultimate object of the Court is to impart justice and justice only.
18. For the purpose of making differentiation between truth and lie, the course of law is supposed to provide ample opportunities to the parties of the lis so that the ultimate task of securing the ends of justice can be achieved.
19. In view of the above discussions, it is felt just appropriate to allow the application dated 12.05.202 moved on behalf of the accused petitioners before the trial court under Sections 91 and 311 of Cr.P.C. and Section 65 of Evidence Act.
5. In view of the above, the instant Misc. Petition is allowed and the order impugned dated 27.03.2024 passed by the learned Special Judge, NDPS Act Cases, Pratapgarh in Sessions Case No.99/2023 is hereby quashed and set aside. The application moved on behalf of the petitioners under Sections 91& 311 of the IPC as also under Section 165 of the Indian Evidence Act is allowed and it is directed that the Learned trial court shall pass necessary directions to the respondent-State, police officers as well as the service provider company of the respective mobile numbers for providing requisite call details and tower locations of the police officers, names of which are mentioned in the application preferred on behalf of the petitioners. The police officer of the concerned Police Station shall also be directed to procure the above evidence at the earliest so as to prevent them from destroying, vanishing and deletion. After receiving the above evidence, the trial court is directed to keep it on record of the case along with certification under Section 65-B of Indian Evidence Act and the same could be utilized by both the parties during the examination of the witnesses. The accused shall be permitted to (Downloaded on 17/05/2024 at 09:01:46 PM) [2024:RJ-JD:21882] (7 of 7) [CRLMP-3012/2024] ask questions from the concerned police officers by confronting them with the electronic record produced. The above task is permitted only with a view to ascertain or shake the credibility of the witnesses and to enable the parties to bring the truth on record and which would not mean leading the defence evidence rather it would be a cross check of the prosecution evidence. The accused shall be at liberty to use these call details at the appropriate stage of the trial.
(FARJAND ALI),J 255-Mamta/-
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