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Delhi District Court

State vs . 1. Rohtash, on 19 December, 2017

                                   ­ 1 ­

        IN THE COURT OF SHRI VIVEK KUMAR GULIA
         ASJ­03 & SPECIAL JUDGE (COMPANIES ACT)
            DWARKA DISTRICT COURTS, DELHI.

In the matter of:

             State     Vs.        1.       Rohtash,
                                           S/o Sh. Raghubir Singh,
                                  2.       Santosh,
                                           W/o Sh. Rohtash,
                                  3.       Sumit @ Vicky,
                                           S/o Sh. Rohtash Singh,
                                  4.       Jitender @ Tinku,
                                           S/o Sh. Rohtash Singh,

                                           All R/o Village Kanganheri,
                                           New Delhi.

●     CNR No.                          :   DLSW01­000177­2017.
●     Registration No. of the Case     :   440948/2016.
●     SC Number                        :   130/2015.
●     FIR Number                       :   210/2012.
●     PS                               :   Chhawla.
●     Under Section                    :   302/304B/498A/34/174A IPC.
●     Date of Institution              :   15.12.2012.
●     Case Committed to the
      Court of Sessions for            : 22.12.2012.
●     Case Received by this Court
      by way of Transfer on            : 09.02.2015.
●     Case Reserved for
      Judgment on                      : 30.11.2017.
●     Judgment Announced on            : 19.12.2017.


Page No. 1 of 37.            State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.
                                        ­ 2 ­




                                JUDGMENT

FACTUAL BACKGROUND:

1. The following is a brief account of prosecution case and other relevant facts:
1.1 The   incident   came   into   light   on   registration   of   DD No. 5A dated 15.09.2012 of PS Chhawla, when an information was   given   at   12.15   am   from   the   hospital   that   one   Rakhi   W/o Sumit @ Vicky (accused) had been admitted in the hospital in burnt   condition   by   her   brother­in­law   (jeth)   Pradeep   (PW21). Thereafter, the patient was shifted to Safdarjung Hospital. 1.2 The   FIR   was   registered   on   the   complaint   of   Nisha (PW3),   sister   of   the   deceased,   recorded   by   SDM   (PW12)   on 15.09.2012 with following facts. She alongwith her sister Rakhi were married to Pradeep and Sumit @ Vicky respectively, both sons of accused Rohtash, and few days after their marriage, her mother­in­law   Santosh,   father­in­law   Rohtash,   brother­in­law Jitender @ Tinku and husband of the deceased namely Sumit @ Vicky   started   abusing   and   beating   both   the   sisters.     Accused Sumit   @   Vicky   had   even   damaged   the   articles   given   in   the Page No. 2 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 3 ­ marriage and on 04.09.2012, all the accused persons beaten them and then removed them from matrimonial house and her child aged 15­16 days was also snatched from her.   Thereafter, with the   intervention   of   the   police,   her   child   was   given   to   her. Further, both of them went to their parental house.  Further, on 09.09.2012,   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky,   her   husband   and   other relatives   came   to   their   parental   house   and   after   settling   the dispute,   they   took   both   of   them   to   their   matrimonial   house. However, they were again beaten on 10.09.2012 by their mother­ in­law, father­in­law and brother­in­law.  Further, on 14.09.2012, accused Sumit @ Vicky was quarreling with and beating Rakhi since 8.00 am and at about 9.00 pm, she went in their room, but accused Sumit @ Vicky asked her to get out of the room. At about 10.30 pm, Sumit took Rakhi on the first floor of the house and then she also followed them and behind her, her father­in­law, mother­in­law and brother­in­law also came there. Then she saw that accused Sumit @ Vicky poured kerosene oil on Rakhi and when she asked her in­laws to stop accused Sumit @ Vicky, they did not do anything.  Then accused Sumit @ Vicky set Rakhi on fire.   She   shouted,   but   nobody   helped   her.     After   about   10 minutes,   neighbours   came   for   help   and   doused   the   fire.   15­20 minutes after that her husband Pradeep came and took Rakhi to Page No. 3 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 4 ­ the hospital.

1.3 In the hospital, statement of Rakhi was recorded by the Executive   Magistrate/Tehsildar   on   15.09.2012,   whereby   she alleged that she was tortured for demand of car and two fridges by all the accused persons and her husband Sumit @ Vicky had set   her   ablaze   in   the   presence   of   other   accused   persons.   She succumbed the burn injuries on 21.09.2012.

1.4 During investigation, burnt/half burnt clothes, bottle of kerosene oil, matchbox, burnt slippers, etc., were seized from the spot.  Further, medical documents of the deceased were collected and the accused persons were arrested.

2. After culmination of investigation, the accused persons were charge­sheeted and produced before  the Court of Ld. Area MM.   After complying with the provisions of Section 207 CrPC, the case was committed to the Court of Sessions u/s 209 CrPC.

TRIAL PROCEEDINGS:

3. In light of the above stated facts and proceedings, vide order dated 11.02.2013, Ld. ASJ framed charges under Sections 302/304B/498A/34  IPC  against   accused   persons   Rohtash, Page No. 4 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 5 ­ Santosh   and   Sumit   @   Vicky,   whereas,   vide   order   dated 01.05.2013,   charges   were   framed   under   Sections 302/304B/498A/34/174A  IPC  against accused Jitender @ Tinku, to which they pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.

4. For   proving   its   case,   prosecution   has   produced   35 witnesses.

4.1 The only eye witness of the incident Nisha (PW3), sister of   the   deceased,   has   also   deposed   about   physical   and   mental torture given by the accused persons to the deceased. 4.2 PW1  Kitabo Devi (mother of the deceased), PW5 Ram Chander   (father   of   the   deceased),   and   PW7   Anup   @   Suresh (brother   of   the   deceased)   were   examined   to   show   that   the deceased   was   subjected   to   cruelty   in   connection   with   dowry demands.

4.3 PW9   Shiv   Kumar   and   PW22   Ishwar   Singh   were examined   as   independent   witnesses   to   corroborate   the allegations.

4.4 PW12,   Satish   Kr.   Rawat,   the   then   Tehsildar,   was examined to show that he had recorded the dying declaration of Rakhi in the hospital.

4.5 PW21, Pradeep, brother/son of the accused persons, was Page No. 5 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 6 ­ examined   to   show   that  Rakhi   was   subjected   to   cruelty   by   her husband Sumit @ Vicky and that he had taken the deceased to the hospital.

4.6 PW2,   Dr.   Vikram,   DDU   Hospital,   proved   MLC   of   the deceased Ex. PW2/A.   PW24, Dr. Vinayak Sidharth, Safdarjung Hospital, proved MLC of accused Sumit @ Vicky Ex. PW24/A and death   summary   of   deceased   Rakhi   Ex.   PW24/B.     PW25,   Dr. Abhishek Yadav, Safdarjung Hospital, proved postmortem report of   the  deceased  Ex.   PW25/A  prepared   by Dr. Shrawan   Kumar and Dr. Lohith Kumar.

4.7 Rest of the witnesses were formal witnesses or remained associated with investigation.

5. Statement of the accused persons was recorded u/s 313 CrPC.   When   the   accused   persons   were   briefed   on   all   the incriminating   evidence   and   documents,   they   denied   the allegations.   Further,   accused   Rohtash   mentioned   that   after hearing the noise from the roof, he went there and found that Rakhi   was   sitting   in   burnt   condition   and   hands   and   face   of accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   were   also   burnt   and   at   the   time   of incident, accused Jitender @ Tinku was not in house.  He further mentioned that Nisha was standing quite a distance from Rakhi Page No. 6 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 7 ­ and his wife Santosh and son Pradeep took Rakhi to the hospital alongwith his two nephews namely Rahul and Shammi.  Further, accused Sumit @ Vicky mentioned that he had never maltreated his wife Rakhi, who was in habit of creating quarrels and used to go to her parental house without any cause or reason.  He further explained   that   Rakhi   set  herself   on   fire  and  when   he   tried   to extinguish   the   fire,   he   also   received   burn   injuries   and   though Nisha was present on the roof, but she did not make any effort to douse the fire.  He also mentioned that Rakhi was not happy in his company and wanted to reside with the person with whom she had affair prior to her marriage.  Further, accused Jitender @ Tinku mentioned that at the time of incident, he was not at his house and had gone to attend birthday of his friend Hariom.

6. The   accused   persons   opted   to   lead   evidence   in   their defence and produced 4 witnesses.

6.1 DW1,   Rajo   @   Raj,   deposed   that   after   hearing   the screams   of   "bachao­bachao",   she   went   to   the   house   of   accused Rohtash   and   knocked   the   door   and   on   opening   the   door   by accused Santosh, she informed about the fire at upstairs in her house.   Then they all went upstairs and found that Rakhi was sitting in burnt condition, whereas, accused Sumit @ Vicky was Page No. 7 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 8 ­ standing in burnt condition.

6.2 DW2, Hariom, deposed that accused Jitender @ Tinku is his friend and on 14.09.2012, he was celebrating his birthday at his home and invited accused Jitender @ Tinku for celebration and   from   8.00   pm   till   11.15   pm,   accused   Jitender   @   Tinku remained at his house.

6.3 DW3, Subhash Chander, mentioned that at the time of incident, he was roaming on the terrace of his house and when he heard the sound of quarrel, he went to house of accused Rohtash and   then   he   alongwith   accused   persons   Rohtash   and   Santosh went   upstairs   and   found   that   Rakhi   was   sitting   in   burnt condition, accused Sumit @ Vicky was standing there in burnt condition and Nisha was standing at a distance of 10­12 steps from them.

6.4 DW4, Krishan Kumar, deposed on the lines of DW1.

APPRECIATION OF EVIDENCE:

7. I have heard the State through Sh. Pramod Kumar, ld. Additional PP for State assisted by Sh. Ashok Ahlawat and the accused persons through ld. counsel Sh. R.S. Malhan.  Record is also gone through.

Page No. 8 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 9 ­

8. It is summed up by ld. Additional PP that testimony of eye   witness   of   the   incident   namely   Nisha   (PW3)   has   clearly proved that accused Sumit @ Vicky forcibly took Rakhi upstairs and thereafter, he set her on fire in the presence of other accused persons. Further, it is mentioned that even the dying declaration Ex. PW12/C substantiates the case that accused Sumit @ Vicky had set ablaze Rakhi by pouring kerosene oil in the presence of his   family   members/co­accused   persons   and   PW12   has   proved that he had recorded dying declaration when the deceased was in fit state of mind. Further, it is concluded that the forensic and medical   reports   have   corroborated   that   the   deceased   had   died due to burn injuries and thus, the accused persons are liable to be convicted for offences u/s 498A/302/34 IPC. On the other hand, ld. defence counsel argued that there are material contradictions in   the   dying   declaration,   FIR   and   the   deposition   of   the complainant   in   the   Court   qua   role   of   the   accused   persons. Further,  it  was  argued that the dying declaration  was neither properly  certified  by the doctor  nor signatures of the deceased were taken on it and since it was recorded by the police official (PW30), it cannot be relied upon.  Further, it is stated that there is no convincing evidence on record to show that the deceased or Page No. 9 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 10 ­ the   complainant   were   ever   subjected   to   cruelty   in   connection with   dowry  demands and  thus, the  accused  persons should  be given benefit of doubt.

9. In   this   case,   there   are   following   important   points   of determination:

(i) Whether accused Sumit @ Vicky, in furtherance of common intention with other accused persons, had set his wife Rakhi on fire after pouring kerosene oil on her with an intention to kill her;
(ii) Whether   the   accused   persons   subjected   the deceased to cruelty in connection with demand of dowry;
(iii) Whether   the   deceased   died   under   suspicious circumstances within seven years of her marriage;
(iv) Whether soon before her death, deceased Rakhi was  subjected  to cruelty or harassment  by the accused persons in connection of demand of dowry; and
(v) Whether   accused   Jitender   @   Tinku   failed   to appear  in concerned Court within stipulated period as required   by   proclamation   u/s   82   CrPC   published against him.

Page No. 10 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 11 ­

10. The prosecution case rests on the testimony of sole eye witness Nisha (PW3) and the dying declaration Ex. PW12/C to prove that the accused persons, in furtherance of their common intention, had set Rakhi on fire with intention to kill her and further that she was subjected to physical and mental cruelty for non­fulfillment of the dowry demands prior to the incident.

11. First,   the   Court   will   deal   with   the   version   of complainant Nisha (PW3).  In her statement Ex. PW3/A recorded by the Executive Magistrate immediately after the incident, she had   mentioned   that   the   accused   persons   starting   abusing   and beating her and her sister Rakhi few days after their marriage and   used   to   taunt   them   in   connection   with   dowry   articles. Further,   she   has   mentioned   that   on   04.09.2012,   both   of   them were removed from their matrimonial house after beating them, but   on   account   of   settlement,   they   were   brought   back   in matrimonial house on 09.09.2012, but again they were beaten on 10.09.2012.   Further,   she   has   disclosed   that   on   14.09.2012, accused Sumit @ Vicky had quarreled with Rakhi in the morning at about 8.00 am, then in the afternoon at about 2.00 pm and there was again a quarrel in the night at about 10.30 pm and Page No. 11 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 12 ­ thereafter, accused Sumit @ Vicky forcibly took Rakhi on the first floor.  She further disclosed that he set her on fire after pouring kerosene oil in the presence of other accused persons and despite shouting and requests, nobody saved Rakhi.

12. If  her  aforesaid statement  is examined in light of her deposition given in the Court, it can be observed that there are number of material contradictions and improvements qua role of the   accused   persons.   In   the   Court,   the   complainant   (PW3) deposed that the accused persons used to taunt and beat them as their father had not given refrigerator and washing machine in their marriage.   Further, she deposed that after 4­5 months of the marriage,  accused Sumit @ Vicky and his family members had beaten Rakhi mercilessly and accused Sumit @ Vicky had cut the vein of Rakhi and moreover, the accused persons had also broken   istridhan   articles   including   television   given   by   her parents   in   the   marriage.   Further,   she   deposed   that   on 03.09.2012,   the   accused   persons   gave   beatings   to   Rakhi   and when she intervened, she was also beaten and thereafter, both of them   went   to  their  parental house.   She further testified  that after settlement, both of them were brought back to matrimonial house from parental house, but they were again beaten on that Page No. 12 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 13 ­ day   and   after   2­3   days,   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   had   again quarreled   with   Rakhi   and   had   beaten   her.   She   further   stated that after sometime, she saw that accused Sumit @ Vicky forcibly took Rakhi on the roof of the house and she also followed them and  then  she  saw  that accused Jitender @ Tinku was pouring kerosene oil on her sister Rakhi and though she objected, but in the meanwhile, accused Sumit @ Vicky lit a matchstick and set Rakhi   on   fire   and   when   she   tried   to   save   her   sister,   accused persons   Rohtash   and   Santosh   caught   hold   of   her.   She   further deposed that thereafter, all the accused persons left them there and no one came forward to rescue them and then she brought her sister on the ground floor and after some time, her husband took her to the hospital.

13. Thus, it is evident that PW3 had improved her version during   her   deposition   in   the   Court   regarding   two   important aspects, firstly, by alleging harassment in connection with dowry demands and secondly, by attributing active participation of all the accused persons in the alleged incident of setting Rakhi on fire.

14. The accused persons are facing prosecution for offences Page No. 13 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 14 ­ of murder and dowry death.   First, the charge related to more serious   offence   of   murder   would   be   dealt   with.     It   is   the prosecution case that all the accused persons, in furtherance of their common intention, had set Rakhi ablaze in order to kill her. The   version   of   the   complainant   regarding   the   incident   has already been discussed above.   Admittedly, she is the only eye witness of the incident and her presence at the spot at the time of the incident is not challenged, rather her presence at the spot has   been   specifically   admitted   by   accused   persons   in   their statement u/s 313 CrPC and by DW1, DW3 and DW4.  However, it is evident that the complainant (PW3) had stated for the first time during her deposition that accused Jitender @ Tinku had poured kerosene oil and her father­in­law Rohtash and mother­ in­law Santosh caught hold of her when accused Sumit @ Vicky set Rakhi on fire.  It can be seen that no active role was assigned to   any   accused   except   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   by   her   in   the statement recorded by the SDM as she had only disclosed that they kept standing near the place of incident and did nothing to save Rakhi.

15. It is settled proposition of law that testimony of sole eye witness may be the basis of the conviction, but in that case, the Page No. 14 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 15 ­ testimony  has  to  be wholly reliable.   On this aspect, the legal position has been made clear by  Supreme Court of India  in the case   titled   as  "Govindaraju   @   Govinda   Vs.   State   By Sriramapuram   PS   &   Another",   2012   (3)   JCC   1714,   in following words:

"11. ... ... ...   It is a settled proposition of law of evidence that it is not the number of witnesses that matters but it is the substance.   It is also not necessary to examine a large number of witnesses   if   the   prosecution   can   bring   home   the   guilt   of   the accused even with a limited number of witnesses.   In the case of "Lallu Manjhi & Another Vs. State of Jharkhand", (2003) 2 SCC   401,   this   Court   had   classified   the   oral   testimony   of   the witnesses into three categories:
a. Wholly reliable;
           b.    Wholly unreliable; and 
           c.    Neither wholly reliable nor wholly unreliable.

12. In the third category of witnesses, the Court has to be cautious and see if the statement of such witness is corroborated, either  by  the other  witnesses  or by  other  documentary  or expert evidence.  Equally well settled is the proposition of law that where there   is   a   sole   witness   to   the   incident,   his   evidence   has   to   be accepted   with   caution   and   after   testing   it   on   the   touchstone   of evidence   tendered   by   other   witnesses   or   evidence   otherwise recorded.  The evidence of a sole witness should be cogent, reliable and must essentially fit into the chain of events that have been stated by the prosecution.   When the prosecution relies upon the testimony of a sole eye witness, then such evidence has to be wholly reliable   and   trustworthy.     Presence   of   such   witness   at   the occurrence   should   not   be   doubtful.     If   the   evidence   of   the   sole witness is in conflict with the other witnesses, it may not be safe to make such a statement as a foundation of the conviction of the accused. ... ... ..."

Page No. 15 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 16 ­

16. In   view   of   above,   this   court   is   of   the   view   that   the testimony   of   the   complainant   (PW3)   is   neither   wholly   reliable nor wholly unreliable and thus, the Court is required to look for corroboration   to   make   her   statement   as   a   foundation   of conviction.  Apart from deposition of PW3, the prosecution side has emphasized that the dying declaration of Rakhi Ex. PW12/C, which was recorded by PW12 in the hospital, in itself is sufficient to   prove   the   charge   of   murder   against   the   accused   persons. Thus,  now the Court needs to examine as to whether the said dying   declaration   can   be   relied   upon   to   convict   the   accused persons.

17. The   legal   position   in   respect   of   dying   declaration   has been settled  by the  Supreme Court of India through catena of decisions. The general principles governing the dying declaration were summed up by Supreme Court of India in the case titled "Paniben (Smt) Vs. State of Gujarat", (1992) 2 SCC 474, as under:

"18. Though a dying declaration is entitled to great weight, it is worthwhile  to note that the  accused  has no power of cross examination.   Such a power is essential for eliciting the truth as an obligation of oath could be.  This is the reason the Court also Page No. 16 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 17 ­ insists that the dying declaration should be of such a nature as to inspire full confidence of the Court in its correctness.   The Court has to be on guard that the statement of deceased was not as a result of either tutoring, prompting or a product of imagination. The Court must be further satisfied that the deceased was in a fit state of mind after a clear opportunity to observe and identify the assailants.   Once the Court is satisfied that the declaration was true   and   voluntary,   undoubtedly,   it   can   base   its   conviction without any further corroboration.  It cannot be laid down as an absolute rule of law that the dying declaration cannot form the sole   basis   of   conviction   unless   it   is   corroborated.     The   rule requiring corroboration is merely a rule of prudence.  This Court has   laid   down   in   several   judgments   the   principles   governing dying declaration, which could be summed up as under:

(i) There is neither rule of law nor of prudence that dying declaration cannot be acted upon without corroboration.  ["Mannu Raja Vs. State of M.P.", (1976) 3 SCC 104]
(ii) If   the   Court   is   satisfied   that   the   dying   declaration   is true   and   voluntary   it   can   base   conviction   on   it,   without corroboration.   ["State of U.P. Vs. Ram Sagar Yadav", (1985) 1 SCC 552; "Ramawati Devi Vs. State of Bihar", (1983) a SCC 311]
(iii) This   Court   has   to   scrutinize   the   dying   declaration carefully and must ensure that the declaration is not the result of tutoring,   prompting   or   imagination.     The   deceased   had opportunity to observe and identify the assailants and was in a fit state   to   make   the   declaration.     ["K.   Ramachandra   Reddy   Vs. Public Prosecutor", (1976) 3 SCC 618]
(iv) Where dying declaration is suspicious it should not be acted   upon   without   corroborative   evidence.     ["Rasheed   Beg   Vs. State of M.P.", (1974) 4 SCC 264]
(v) Where   the  deceased   was  unconscious   and   could   never make any dying declaration the evidence with regard to it is to be rejected.  ["Kake Singh Vs. State of M.P.", AIR 1982 SC 1021]
(vi) A dying declaration which suffers from infirmity cannot form the basis of conviction.  ["Ram Manorath Vs. State of U.P.", (1981) 2 SCC 654]
(vii) Merely because a dying declaration does not contain the Page No. 17 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 18 ­ details   as   to   the   occurrence,   it   is   not   to   be   rejected.     ["State   of Maharashtra Vs. Krishnamurti Laxmipati Naidu", AIR 1981 SC 617]

(viii) Equally, merely because it is a brief statement, it is not be discarded.  On the contrary, the shortness of the statement itself guarantees truth.   ["Surajdeo Oza Vs. State of Bihar", AIR 1979 SC 1505]

(ix) Normally the Court in order to satisfy whether deceased was in a fit mental condition to make the dying declaration look up to the medical opinion.   But where the eye witness has said that the deceased was in a fit and conscious state to make this dying declaration, the medical opinion cannot prevail.  ["Nanahau Ram Vs. State of M.P.", AIR 1988 SC 912]

(x) Where the prosecution version differs from the version as given in the dying declaration, the said declaration cannot be acted   upon.     ["State  of  U.P.   Vs.  Madan   Mohan",   (1989)  3  SCC 390]"

18. In view of aforesaid principles, if the dying declaration given   in   this   case   is   considered,   following   important   aspects, some of which are pointed out by ld. defence counsel, come under scrutiny of this Court:
(i) Dying declaration is recorded by PW30 ASI Paras Kumar in his handwriting in the hospital;
(ii) Dying   declaration   does   not   bear  the   signatures  of the deceased and it only bears her thumb impression;
(iii) The   medical   fitness   of   the   deceased   to   make   the dying declaration has not been established; and
(iv) Dying   declaration   has   not   been   recorded   in Page No. 18 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 19 ­ question­answer form.

19. It is evident that dying declaration Ex. PW12/C clearly accuses accused Sumit @ Vicky of first pouring kerosene oil on her and then setting her on fire with matchstick in the presence of co­accused persons and complainant Nisha.   First of all, the Court has to see whether the deceased was in fit state of mind at the time of making her statement to PW12.  It is the prosecution case that her medical fitness to give statement was certified by the doctor vide making an endorsement from point "X" to "X­1"

on   the   application   Ex.   PW30/A   moved   by   PW30   ASI   Paras Kumar.   The   endorsement   reads   that   "Pt.   conscious,   oriented   ­ not under influence of sedatives ­ pt. fit to give statement at 9.10 pm on 15.09.2012".   Though ld. defence counsel rightly pointed out that PW30 was not the investigating officer of this case, but on  this  aspect,  PW30 has explained that he was asked by the SHO   to   check   the   condition   of   injured   Rakhi   regarding   her fitness to make statement and after taking opinion of the doctor regarding   fitness,   he   gave   the   information   to   IO   SI   Prakash Chand (PW34), who then informed the concerned SDM for taking statement. Further, even the Executive Magistrate (PW12) has mentioned that he had received a call from the IO that injured Page No. 19 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.
­ 20 ­ Rakhi   had   been   declared   fit   by   the   concerned   doctor   for statement and thereafter, he reached at the Safdarjung Hospital, where IO had shown him the endorsement made by the doctor on the application moved by the IO.  Further, PW12 has mentioned that   he   had   also   inquired   from   Rakhi   whether   she   is   giving statement   voluntarily   and   when   she   replied   in  affirmative,   he started   recording   her   statement.     Further,   though   ld.   defence counsel has rightly pointed out that all the family members of the deceased i.e. PW1, PW3, PW5 and PW7 have deposed that condition   of   Rakhi   remained   serious   in   the   hospital   and   the doctors did not permit them to meet her at any point of time, but their version in itself is not sufficient to disbelieve the deposition of PW12 and PW30 that the Rakhi was declared fit for making statement by the doctor.   Otherwise also, it is not the defence that the endorsement at point "X" to "X­1" on the application Ex. PW30/A is forged or manipulated and no suggestion was put to any doctor that Rakhi was not fit to make statement at relevant time. Thus, there remains no doubt about medical fitness of the deceased at the time of making dying declaration.

20. Regarding   the   issue   that   the   dying   declaration   is   in handwriting of police officer (PW30), PW12 has explained that Page No. 20 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 21 ­ since the victim Rakhi had received severe burn injuries, she was not able to speak loudly and was merely whispering and that is why,   whatever   he   was   hearing   from   her,   the   same   was   being dictated to the police officer (PW30).  Even PW30 has mentioned that   since   the   patient   was   speaking   very   slowly   and   in   very feeble  voice,   Tehsildar had given instructions to him to record the   statement.   In   view   of   this   Court,   the   said   explanation   is found satisfactory.  Further, ld. defence counsel had argued that though the deceased was literate and used to do signatures, but still her thumb impressions on the dying declaration were taken and it creates doubt on the truthfulness of the allegations.  It is evident   that  as   per  MLC  of  the deceased  Ex.  PW2/A, she had received severe burn injuries at both her arms, chest, abdomen and face and in such condition, she can not be expected to sign her statement.  Furthermore, the defence side has not made any effort   to   ask   the   concerned   doctor   to   explain   whether   the condition   of   the   injured   could   have   allowed   her   to   do   the signatures easily and in absence of that no adverse inference can be  drawn   for  taking thumb impression of the deceased on  her dying declaration.   Otherwise also, there was no reason before PW12, who was a public servant, for not taking the true account of the incident disclosed by deceased. 

Page No. 21 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 22 ­

21. Further,   it   is   observed   that   the   dying   declaration   in question   is   brief   and   its   shortness   inspires   confidence   about truth. Further, it is not disputed that the prosecution version is not different from the version given in the dying declaration as far as role of accused Sumit @ Vicky is concerned and, therefore, it is quite reliable.  Overall, it is found that the dying declaration appears to be true account of the incident and is not found to be result of tutoring, prompting or imagination.

22. Thus,   this   Court   is   of   the   view   that   the   dying declaration   Ex.   PW12/C   and   testimony   of   the   complainant regarding role of accused Sumit @ Vicky corroborate each other and leave no room for doubting that accused Sumit @ Vicky had poured kerosene oil on his wife Rakhi and thereafter set her on fire with matchstick.

23. To establish motive of accused Sumit @ Vicky to murder his wife Rakhi, the prosecution has placed on record sufficient evidence to show that he was not having cordial relations with his   wife   and   had   tortured   and   harassed   her   mentally   and physically on several occasions prior to the incident. Real brother Page No. 22 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 23 ­ of the said accused namely Pradeep (PW21) has deposed that his brother Sumit @ Vicky was an alcoholic and he usually used to pick up quarrels with his wife and sometimes, even he used to beat her.  During cross examination, he mentioned that in April 2012, police was called at their house as a complaint was made when his brother had thrown television after excessive drinking and fighting with his bhabhi (deceased). Further, he has testified that he is not aware if his bhabhi had tried to cut her nerve, but he has seen some cut marks on her wrist.   Further, he stated that in September 2012, his wife informed him that his bhabhi (Rakhi) was beaten by his brother.   Further, even complainant Nisha (PW3) has deposed that 4­5 months after their marriage, accused Sumit @ Vicky had cut the vein of Rakhi.  To corroborate the   aforesaid   allegations   against   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky,   the prosecution has also placed on record DD No. 5 dated 26.04.2012 Ex. PW18/A recorded at 1.35 am, whereby police was informed that   a   quarrel   has   taken   place   (at   the   house   of   the   accused persons).   Further,   another   DD   No.   7   dated   26.04.2012 Ex. PW18/B was recorded at 4.05 am to the effect that Pradeep (PW21) informed that his brother (Sumit @ Vicky) had tried to cut vein of his wife and had also beaten her.

Page No. 23 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 24 ­

24. Further, the complainant (PW3) has deposed that even on the date of incident, accused Sumit @ Vicky was quarreling with   Rakhi   since   morning   and   she   was   beaten   by   him   too. Further, PW21 has also mentioned that after the incident, when he reached house, he came to know that a fight had taken place between his brother and his wife and found that his brother was heavily drunk and he also slapped his brother and asked him as to what he did with his wife, but he did not respond.  Further, it is seen that he mentioned in his cross examination conducted by ld. Additional PP that he did not tell the police that his brother Sumit   @   Vicky   had   pretended   to   extinguish   the   fire   and   his clothes were burnt while doing so.  In view of this Court, PW21, being real brother of accused Sumit @ Vicky, has no reason to depose   falsely   against   his   brother   and   his   testimony   inspires confidence about the truthfulness of the facts disclosed by him. Thus, it emerges that even PW21 had raised suspicion over his brother behind the incident in which Rakhi received fatal burn injuries.

25. Further,   even   PW22   has   deposed   that   on   the   date   of incident  accused Sumit @ Vicky was drunk and a quarrel had happened between him and his wife Rakhi and at about 10.30 Page No. 24 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 25 ­ pm, he saw that Rakhi was complaining about drinking habit of accused Sumit @ Vicky, who was shouting that either he would survive   or   she   would.     It   is   pertinent   to   mention   here   that accused did not utilize the opportunity given to him u/s 313 CrPC to explain the circumstances in which he had received the burn injuries, however, he opted to deny even the facts disclosed by both   prosecution   and   defence   witnesses,   viz.,   he   was   under

influence of liquor and there was a quarrel between him and his wife just before the incident.  Thus, it is clear that accused Sumit @ Vicky had strong motive to kill his wife, who used to object his habit of drinking and assaulting her.

26. Further, accused Sumit @ Vicky has taken the defence that he had only tried to save his wife who committed suicide and   in   the   process,   he   had   also   received   burn   injuries.   In   his statement u/s 313 CrPC, accused Sumit @ Vicky had disclosed that at the time of incident, he was on the roof of the house and then he noticed that Rakhi had burnt herself with a matchstick, but he did not notice as to when she poured kerosene oil on her. Further, he mentioned that he immediately ran towards her and tried to extinguish the fire with his hands and in the process, he also got burn injuries. It is not disputed that even accused Sumit Page No. 25 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 26 ­ @   Vicky   had   received   burn   injuries   in   the   incident   and   was admitted in the hospital for treatment. However, the aforesaid defence   of   the   said   accused   is   found   to   be   baseless   and   false. First of all, it is observed that as per his MLC Ex. PW24/A, he had received burn injuries on his chest and face, whereas, the said accused has claimed that he tried to douse the fire with his hands   and   in   that   case,   the   injuries   should   have   come   on   his hands.

27. Secondly,   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   failed   to   give   any explanation   as   to   why   he   did   not   get   himself   admitted   in   the hospital   immediately   after   the   incident.   It   is   evident   that accused was admitted in Safdarjung Hospital on 15.09.2012 at 2.30 pm, whereas, his wife was admitted on 14.09.2012 at 11.35 pm.  Further, it is noteworthy that DD No. 16A dated 15.09.2012 of PS Chhawla was recorded at 12.28 pm, whereby the informant had called from mobile phone number 8750587888 [belonging to one Chander Prakash and was being used by Pradeep (PW21)] that   he   had   received   burn   injuries   on   account   of   fire   of   gas cylinder.   It   is   noteworthy  that  the said  information   was  given about 14 hours after the incident and accused Sumit @ Vicky was admitted in the hospital about 2 hours after that call.  There is Page No. 26 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 27 ­ no   explanation   from   defence   side   for   waiting   for   16   hours   for taking   medical   treatment.   Further,   PW30,   who   was   assigned with the said DD, has also mentioned that he did not find the injured at his house and moreover, PW35 Inspector Rajesh Malik has deposed that he did not find any clue about burst of cylinder at   the   spot.     All   this   indicates   that   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky became  scared  after  the incident apprehending his arrest and, therefore, he had hidden himself for few hours after the incident and then a false information was given by him or on his behalf about   14   hours   after   the   incident   to   mislead   the   police authorities   regarding   the   cause   of   receiving   burn   injuries. Certainly, the aforesaid act and omission on the part of accused completely demolish his defence.

28. Further,   it   can   be   observed   that   vide   seizure   memo Ex.   PW19/A,   partially   burnt   blue   shorts   (nikker)   and   a   white vest (baniyan) were seized from the spot apart from other burnt clothes, matchstick, matchbox, slippers, kerosene oil bottles, etc. Though   PW3   was   asked   about   the   person   to   whom   the   said clothes (shorts and vest) were belonging, but she could not name the person.  Considering the facts established on record that only the deceased and accused Sumit @ Vicky were present at the spot Page No. 27 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 28 ­ at   the   time   of   the   incident   and   received   burn   injuries,   an inference can be drawn that the said clothes were belonging to accused Sumit @ Vicky.   Moreover, no suggestion was given by defence side that these were not the belonging to accused Sumit @ Vicky.   Further, as per FSL report Ex. PW23/A, it was found that  the said clothes were having kerosene residue.   It means that these clothes caught fire on account of kerosene oil on it and thus, it falsifies the defence of the said accused that he reached near his wife when she had already caught fire and he did not see   her   pouring   kerosene   oil.     Rather,   these   circumstances corroborate   prosecution   case   that   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   had poured   kerosene   oil   on   Rakhi   and   in   the   process,   it   was   also spilled over his clothes and thus, these also caught fire.

29. In view of above, it is held that the prosecution has been successfully able to establish the charge of offence punishable u/s 302 IPC against accused Sumit @ Vicky.

30. Regarding role of other accused persons in the incident of murder, it was observed earlier that PW3 has improved her version  by  alleging  that accused Jitender @ Tinku had poured kerosene oil on Rakhi and accused persons Rohtash and Santosh Page No. 28 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 29 ­ had caught hold of her when she attempted to save Rakhi.  It is evident that this improved version is in contradiction with the dying declaration Ex. PW12/C, which do not impute any active role on all accused persons except accused Sumit @ Vicky.   The complainant has further contradicted her own version given to the Executive Magistrate by deposing that she had brought down her sister to the ground floor.   Thus, this Court is of the view that later part of testimony of the complainant regarding the role of accused persons Rohtash, Santosh and Jitender @ Tinku is not trustworthy.     Overall,   it   only   appears   that   the   said   accused persons had gone to the roof of the house, where incident took place, after Nisha and by that time, accused Sumit @ Vicky had already set Rakhi on fire.   It can be observed that it is not the prosecution   case   that   accused   persons   Rohtash,   Santosh   and Jitender   @  Tinku   had  abetted   accused  Sumit  @  Vicky   to  pour kerosene oil and set Rakhi on fire in any manner.  In view of this Court,   no   incriminating   evidence   has   come   on   record   to   show that   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   had   set   his   wife   on   fire   in furtherance of common intention with his parents and brother, who  are  co­accused in this case.   It is admitted  case that just before   the   incident   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   and   Rakhi   were quarreling in their room and they had gone upstairs first and the Page No. 29 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 30 ­ complainant and other family members went there later on.

31. Furthermore, ld. defence counsel has also argued that family members of accused Sumit @ Vicky cannot be attributed any   criminal   liability   for   merely   remaining   standing   near   the spot as even Nisha (PW3) had not made any effort to save her sister.  It can be seen that in the FIR, the PW3 has not given any reason as to why she did not make any effort to save her sister. Furthermore, her testimony does not make it clear whether the accused  persons   Rohtash  and Santosh  had already  reached  on the roof of the house, when kerosene oil was thrown on deceased. At   the   same   time,   accused   Rohtash   has   mentioned   in   his statement u/s 313 CrPC that when he reached on the roof of the house, fire on the person of Rakhi had already been extinguished and he had even covered her with his "lungi".  Further, accused Sanotsh had stated in her statement u/s 313 CrPC that when she reached   on   the   roof   of   the   house,   Rakhi   was   sitting   in   burnt condition.   Further,   DW1,   DW3  and  DW4   have   also  mentioned that they had rushed to the roof of the house alongwith accused persons Rohtash and Santosh after hearing the screams of the deceased.   Further, accused Jitender @ Tinku had mentioned in his statement u/s 313 CrPC that he was not present in the house Page No. 30 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 31 ­ at  the time  of  incident and in  his defence, he examined DW1, who   mentioned   that   the   said   accused   was   at   his   house   to celebrate his birthday at the relevant time.  Thus, on the basis of evidence   led   by   both   sides,   it   is   held   that   accused   persons Rohtash, Santosh and Jitender @ Tinku had played no role in the incident of murder and thus, charge u/s 302/34 IPC fails against them.

32. Another   charge   against   the   accused   persons   is   of causing cruelty to deceased Rakhi on account of dowry demands. However,   this   court   finds   that   the   prosecution   has   produced inconsistent   and   contradictory   evidence   related   to   dowry demands.  It is observed that in the FIR, only vague allegations were made that the complainant and her deceased sister were taunted in connection with dowry articles given at the time of their   marriage.   It   is   pertinent   to   mention   here   that   the   FIR, which was registered on the statement of PW3 recorded by the Executive Magistrate, is silent as to which specific dowry articles were   demanded   by   the   accused   persons,   either   at   the   time   of marriage or afterwards.  Similarly, even mother of the deceased (PW1) has not alleged about any dowry demand in her statement Ex. PW1/A recorded by the Executive Magistrate.  However, the Page No. 31 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 32 ­ complainant   (PW3)   had   improved   her   version   and   mentioned during her deposition that one refrigerator and washing machine was   demanded   by   the   accused   persons.   Even   her   improved version   is   in   contradiction   with   the   improved   version   of   her mother  (PW1),  who  has deposed that at the time  of  marriage, they had given only one washing machine and one refrigerator to the   accused   persons   though   there   was   demand   of   two   of   each articles.     Furthermore,  it  is  also evident  that  the  complainant was confronted with various facts, which were stated by her for the first time in her deposition, viz., giving of sufficient istridhan articles   during   their   marriage   and   demand   of   dowry   form   her and her sister.  Further, PW5 (father of the deceased) and PW7 (brother of the deceased)  had also mentioned that the accused persons   demanded   washing   machine   and   refrigerator.     It   is pertinent to mention here that in the photographs Ex. PW14/A­4 and   Ex.   PW14/A­16,   which   are   of   the   house   of   the   accused persons, one fridge and washing machine can be clearly seen, but it has not been explained as to whether these articles were given on the occasion of marriage of the deceased or as to whether the accused persons were really in need of second fridge and washing machine.     It   is   also   noteworthy   that   none   of   the   prosecution witnesses   has   alleged   that   any   dowry   was   demanded   by   the Page No. 32 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 33 ­ accused on the marriage of the deceased.  Admittedly, no list of dowry articles has been placed on record.

33. Further,   PW1   had   also   improved   from   her   statement given   to   the   SDM   by   stating   that   even   at   the   time   of "chhuchhak",   one   motorcycle   and   gold   chain   were   demanded. Further, PW5 mentioned that the accused persons taunted them for not giving motorcycle and gold chain to Nisha, whereas, PW7 mentioned that on the occasion of "chhuchhak" ceremony of his sister Nisha, the accused persons demanded motorcycle.  Though there   is   no   consistency   in   respect   of   allegations   of   demand   of articles on the occasion of "chhuchhak", but otherwise also, it is not   disputed   that   "chhuchhak"   was   not   related   to   deceased Rakhi.  Moreover, demand of articles at the time of "chhuchhak" cannot be said to be dowry demand. Reference can be have to the decision of Supreme Court of India report as  "Satvir Singh & Others Vs. State of Punjab & Another", (2001) 8 SCC 633, whereby it was laid down that dowry mentioned in Section 304­B IPC should be any property or valuable security given or agreed to be given in connection with the marriage and some customary payments   in   connection   with   birth   of   a   child   (chhuchhak)   or Page No. 33 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 34 ­ other ceremonies prevalent in different societies do not fall in the ambit of dowry.

34. Furthermore, it was argued by ld. Additional PP that in the   dying   declaration   Ex.   PW12/C,   the   deceased   has   clearly alleged   about   demand   of   all   accused   persons   for   car   and   two refrigerators   from   her.   It   is   evident   that   none   of   the   family members   of   the  deceased including her real sister (PW3), who was   residing   in   the   same   matrimonial   house,   has   mentioned about   demand   of   car.     Moreover,   even   demand   of   two refrigerators   was   not   alleged   by   any   of   them.     In   absence   of specific and convincing evidence to the effect that the parents of the   deceased   were   in   a   position   to   fulfill   the   demand   of   said articles i.e. car, motorcycle, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. and  in  the light  of  vague, general and inconsistent allegations regarding the demanded articles, it is difficult to believe version of   family   members   of   deceased   regarding   demand   of   dowry articles and cruelty subjected to the deceased in that regard.

35. It can be seen that the allegations of cruelty levelled by complainant   Nisha   and   other  family   members   of   the   deceased are either related to frequent quarrels between accused Sumit @ Page No. 34 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 35 ­ Vicky   and   his   deceased   wife   or   related   to   custody   of   child   of complainant Nisha, which arose few days prior to the incident. It is   pertinent   to   mention   here   that   though   DD   No.   16A   dated 03.09.2012 Ex. PW33/A registered at PS Chhawla at 10.39 am mentions that the informant has complained that her mother­in­ law and brother­in­law had beaten her, but it can be seen that there was no allegation of dowry demand.  Moreover, PW33 HC Maha   Singh   has   clarified   that   when   he   went   at   the   spot,   he found that the PCR had already reached there and the matter had  already   been   settled.    Further,  he mentioned  that  nobody had sustained any injury and there was an oral altercation in the family and thus, he filed the said DD.  It is found that there is no evidence   on   record   to   show   that   accused   persons   Rohtash, Santosh and Jitender @ Tinku have harassed the deceased or the complainant   mentally   or   physically   in   connection   with   dowry demand.  In such circumstances, it emerges that the prosecution has not been able to establish that the accused persons had ever demanded dowry from the deceased or the complainant or had ever   subjected   them   to   cruelty   for   non­fulfillment   of   dowry demands.   Even otherwise, the alleged act of beating deceased Rakhi by accused persons Sumit @ Vicky or Santosh or Jitender @ Tinku ipso facto does not fall within the definition of cruelty Page No. 35 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 36 ­ provided   u/s   498A   IPC.     It   is   also   to   be   noted   that   accused persons have only been charged for offence of cruelty related to dowry   demands   and   thus,   the   charge   u/s   498A   IPC   remains unestablished. Consequently, charge u/s 304B IPC also fails.

36. Further, though accused Jitender @ Tinku has also been charged for offence u/s 174A IPC, however, it is observed that the prosecution has not led any evidence to establish the said charge. It was required on the part of the prosecution to examine the IO to   prove   that   NBW   issued   against   accused   Jitender   @   Tinku could not be executed, but his deposition is silent on this aspect. Further, the Process Server, who had published the proclamation u/s   82   CrPC   against   accused   Jitneder   @   Tinku,   was   also   not examined and even the court order, by which the said accused was   declared   proclaimed   offender,   was   not   proved   as   per provisions   of   Indian   Evidence   Act.   In   view   of   this,   charge   u/s 174A IPC is bound to fail.

CONCLUSION:

37. For   the   reasons   recorded   above,   this   Court   is   of   the opinion   that  the   prosecution   has   proved   its   case   u/s   302   IPC Page No. 36 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.

­ 37 ­ against   accused   Sumit   @   Vicky   beyond   reasonable   doubt   and thus, he stands convicted for that offence.   However, rest of the charges could not be established against accused Sumit and no charge   has   been   proved   against   other   accused   persons. Therefore,  accused persons Rohtash and Santosh are acquitted for offences u/s 498A/302/304B/34 IPC; accused Jitender @ Tinku is   acquitted   for   offences   u/s   498A/302/304B/174A/34   IPC;   and accused Sumit @ Vicky is acquitted for offences u/s 498A/304B/34 IPC.

Announced in the open Court on 19th day of December 2017.

(total 37 pages) (VIVEK KUMAR GULIA) ASJ­03 & Special Judge (Companies Act) Dwarka Courts (SW), New Delhi.

Page No. 37 of 37. State Vs. Rohtash & Others; FIR No. 210/12 of PS Chhawla.