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[Cites 2, Cited by 0]

Tripura High Court

Sri Gopal Banik vs The State Of Tripura on 28 February, 2022

                   IN THE HIGH COURT OF TRIPURA
                                 AGARTALA
                            WP(C)No.540 of 2021
                            WP(C)No.541 of 2021
                            WP(C)No.542 of 2021
                            WP(C)No.543 of 2021
                            WP(C)No.544 of 2021
                            WP(C)No.545 of 2021
In WP(C)No.540 of 2021
Sri Gopal Banik,
son of Sri Sankar Lal Banik,
resident of Village-Kunjaban Colony,
P.O. Abhoynagar, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799005
                                                             ............ Petitioner(s)

                                  -Versus-
1. The State of Tripura,
represented by its Principal Secretary,
Power Department, Government of Tripura,
P.O. Kunjaban, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799006

2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
represented by its Chairman, Vidyut Bhawan,
North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala,
District : West Tripura

4. The Managing Director,
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

5. The Deputy General Manager (Corporate),
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Corporate Office, Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

6. The Principal Secretary,
Finance Department,
Government of Tripura, P.O. Kunjaban,
P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura
                                                        ............ Respondent(s)
                                    Page 2 of 20




In WP(C)No.541 of 2021
Sri Sanjeeb Das Gupta,
son of late Chittaranjan Das Gupta,
resident of Netaji Road, Dharmanagar,
P.O. & P.S. Dharmanagar,
District : North Tripura,
PIN : 799250
                                                             ............ Petitioner(s)
                                  -Versus-
1. The State of Tripura,
represented by its Principal Secretary,
Power Department, Government of Tripura,
P.O. Kunjaban, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799006

2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
represented by its Chairman, Vidyut Bhawan,
North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala,
District : West Tripura

4. The Managing Director,
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

5. The Deputy General Manager (Corporate),
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Corporate Office, Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

6. The Principal Secretary,
Finance Department,
Government of Tripura, P.O. Kunjaban,
P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura
                                                        ............ Respondent(s)
In WP(C)No.542 of 2021
Sri Debasish Majumder,
son of late Manoranjan Majumder,
resident of Belonia, P.O. & P.S. Belonia,
District : South Tripura, PIN : 799155

                                                             ............ Petitioner(s)

                                  -Versus-
                                    Page 3 of 20




1. The State of Tripura,
represented by its Principal Secretary,
Power Department, Government of Tripura,
P.O. Kunjaban, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799006

2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
represented by its Chairman, Vidyut Bhawan,
North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala,
District : West Tripura

4. The Managing Director,
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

5. The Deputy General Manager (Corporate),
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Corporate Office, Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

6. The Principal Secretary,
Finance Department,
Government of Tripura, P.O. Kunjaban,
P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura
                                                        ............ Respondent(s)
In WP(C)No.543 of 2021
Sri Apu Paul,
son of late Nagendra Chandra Paul,
resident of Joynagar, Akhaura Road,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. West Agartala,
District : West Tripura,
PIN : 799001
                                                             ............ Petitioner(s)
                                  -Versus-
1. The State of Tripura,
represented by its Principal Secretary,
Power Department, Government of Tripura,
P.O. Kunjaban, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799006

2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
represented by its Chairman, Vidyut Bhawan,
North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala,
District : West Tripura
                                     Page 4 of 20




4. The Managing Director,
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

5. The Deputy General Manager (Corporate),
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Corporate Office, Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

6. The Principal Secretary,
Finance Department,
Government of Tripura, P.O. Kunjaban,
P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura
                                                        ............ Respondent(s)
In WP(C)No.544 of 2021

Sri Bhanulal Debnath,
son of late Haridas Debnath,
resident of Village-Nutan Nagar,
Airport Road, P.O. Nutan Nagar,
P.S. Airport, District : West Tripura,
PIN : 799009
                                                             ............ Petitioner(s)

                                   -Versus-
1. The State of Tripura,
represented by its Principal Secretary,
Power Department, Government of Tripura,
P.O. Kunjaban, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799006

2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
represented by its Chairman, Vidyut Bhawan,
North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala,
District : West Tripura

4. The Managing Director,
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

5. The Deputy General Manager (Corporate),
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
                                      Page 5 of 20




Corporate Office, Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura

6. The Principal Secretary,
Finance Department,
Government of Tripura, P.O. Kunjaban,
P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura
                                                        ............ Respondent(s)
In WP(C)No.545 of 2021
Sri Shyamal Kanti Roy,
son of late Sudhanya Kumar Roy,
resident of Joynagar Road No.1,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. West Agartala,
District : West Tripura,
PIN : 799001
                                                             ............ Petitioner(s)
                                  -Versus-
1. The State of Tripura,
represented by its Principal Secretary,
Power Department, Government of Tripura,
P.O. Kunjaban, P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura, PIN : 799006
2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
represented by its Chairman, Vidyut Bhawan,
North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura
4. The Managing Director,
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur, P.O. Agartala,
P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura
5. The Deputy General Manager (Corporate),
Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited,
Corporate Office, Vidyut Bhawan, North Banamalipur,
P.O. Agartala, P.S. East Agartala, District : West Tripura
6. The Principal Secretary,
Finance Department,
Government of Tripura, P.O. Kunjaban,
P.S. New Capital Complex,
District : West Tripura

                                                        ............ Respondent(s)
                                   Page 6 of 20




For Petitioner(s)                :      Mr. A. Bhowmik, Advocate
For Respondent(s)                :      Mr. M. Debbarma, Addl. G.A.
                                        Mr. N. Majumder, Adv.
Date of hearing                  :      11.01.2022
Date of delivery of              :      28.02.2022
Judgment & order
Whether fit for reporting        :      NO




                  HON‟BLE MR. JUSTICE S. TALAPATRA

                            JUDGMENT & ORDER


             This batch of writ petitions involving a common background fact

and law are taken up for disposal by a common judgment. The petitioners

entered into the service as the Junior Engineer, Grade-II under the Power

Department on fixed pay basis on diverse dates. Later on, they were given the

scale of pay of Rs.1,450-3,710/- in place of the fixed pay of Rs.800/- per month.

By the addendum dated 30.09.1989 as issued by the Finance Department,

Government of Tripura [Annexure-3 to the writ petition being WP(C)No.540 of

2021], all the Overseers [diploma holder] were designated as the Junior

Engineers, Grade-II. After completion of four years of service, from the date of

granting the regular pay scale, the petitioners were given the pay scale of

Rs.2000-4,410/-, the pay scale of Junior Engineer, Grade-V(A) of the respective

Engineering service, even though, the petitioners were not inducted in the cadre

service.


2.           The petitioners have admitted that their initial entry into the

service was not through Tripura Public Service Commission [TPSC in short] as
                                   Page 7 of 20




required by the Tripura Power Engineers Service Rules, 1989. As their entry was

not through TPSC, they were treated as ex cadre Junior Engineers. It has been

stated that similarly situated persons filed a writ petition in the Gauhati High

Court being WP(C)No.101 of 1999 for having treated them in the cadre service

i.e. Tripura Engineering Service from the date of granting them the regular pay

scale. The said writ petition was disposed of by the judgment and order

22.04.2010 in terms of the interim order dated 13.12.2000. By the said interim

order the pay scale of the said Junior Engineers was upgraded to Rs.2100-4530/.


3.           There is no dispute that the Council of Ministers took a decision to

grant relaxation of the provisions of the Tripura Power Engineering Service

Rules. Thus, without due selection process, the petitioners were regularised in

terms of the decision of the Council of Ministers dated 21.05.2007 [Annexure-7

to the writ petition]. Thereafter, the Power Department, Government of Tripura

by the memorandum dated 06.01.2010 [Annexure-8 to the writ petition],

provided that those who were initially appointed as ex-cadre engineer without

recruitment process of TPSC they will be encadred. It has been urged in these

writ petitions that such encadrement be counted from the date of granting the

regular pay scale en blok the benefits under the Career Advancement Scheme

(CAS) be granted. The petitioners got CAS-1 and accordingly, after completion of

four years of service from the date of grant of regular pay scale. The benefit as

noted, was upgradation to the pay scale ear-marked for the Junior Engineers

Grade-I, equivalent to those borne in the Grade-V(A) of the cadre service. The

petitioners were in the pay scale of Rs.9,570-30,000/- and had the benefit of
                                     Page 8 of 20




ACP-II on completion of seventeen years of service. But according to the

petitioners, they ought to have been placed at Rs.13,575-37,000/- as ACP-II on

a prior date, considering their regularisation from the date of granting them the

regular scale from the fixed pay. Under ROP Rules, 2009, an employee

completing 10, 17 and 25 years of continuous service are entitled to grant ACP-

1, ACP-II and ACP-III respectively. The petitioners are entitled to ACP-II after

completing seventeen years of continuous service from 01.10.1996. Even, they

would be entitled to MACP under the Tripura Civil Services (Revised) Rules, 2017

as asserted by the petitioners. At a glance, the pay scale as was in force are as

follows :

Grade in cadre        Scales of pay as per   Scale as per ROP   Corresponding
service as per TPES   TPES Rules             1999               Revised scale as
Rules                                                           per ROP 2009
Grade V(B)            5000-10,300/-          5000-10,300/-      5,310-24,000/-
Grade V(A)            7,450-13,000/-         7450-13,000/-      9570-30,000/-
Grade IV              10000-15,1000/-        10,000-15,1000/-   13,575-37,000/-

4.            The petitioners have contended that they were in the pre-revised

pay scale of Rs.2,100-4,530/-, and the said pay scale of Junior Engineer, Grade-I

was revised to Rs.9,570-30,000/- under Tripura State Civil Services (Revised

Pay) Rules, 2009 [ROP Rules, 2009 in short]. Thus, according to the petitioners,

they are entitled to pay scale of Rs.13,575-37,000/- as the benefit of ACP-II but

the same has been denied to the petitioners. The petitioners were further

entitled to 3rd financial up-gradation in the form of MACP under ROP Rules,

2017. The petitioners, therefore, by means of these writ petitions have urged

this court (i) to treat the petitioners as the Junior Engineer Grade-I/ Junior

Engineer borne in the Grade-V(A) of the Tripura Power Engineers Service with
                                      Page 9 of 20




effect from 01.10.1996 (ii) to grant the benefit of ACP-II in the pay scale of

Rs.13,575-37,000/- with effect from 1.10.2013 and (iii) to grant 3rd financial up-

gradation in the form of MACP with effect from 01.10.2021 and finally, to refix

their pay in accordance therewith.


5.            The respondents, however, did not file any reply despite numerous

opportunities given to them. However, Mr. M. Debbarma, learned Addl. G.A. has

appeared for the respondents No.1 and 5 and Mr. N. Majumder, learned counsel

has appeared for the respondents No.2, 3 and 4. Both Mr. Debbarma, learned

Addl. G.A. and Mr. Majumder, learned counsel have categorically stated that the

petitioners were encadred with effect from 30.12.2003 and as such, their

movement in the cadre for purpose of getting the financial up-gradation will be

carried out with effect from 30.10.2003. Accordingly, all benefits as due to the

petitioners, are released.


6.            Mr. Majumder, learned counsel appearing for the respondents

No.2, 3 and 4 have placed the notification dated 29.10.2007 admittedly by which

the ex-cadre Junior Engineers were inducted in the Tripura Power Engineer

Service by granting relaxation under Rule 35 of Tripura Power Engineering

Service Rules, 1987. Thus, the petitioners and others borne in the ex-cadre posts

were encadred in the Grade-V(A) and Grade-V(B) of Tripura Power Engineering

Service depending on whether they were degree holder Junior Engineers or

diploma holder Junior Engineers. The petitioners were encadred retrospectively

from not earlier than 30.12.2003. Even though, the said notification dated

29.10.2007 of encadrement was issued to support his contentions.
                                   Page 10 of 20




7.           In Shibajyoti Bhattacharjee and Others versus State of

Tripura    and     Others     [judgment     dated    04.01.2017     delivered    in

WP(C)No.381/2006, along with four others analogous writ petitions], as relied on

by the respondents, this court was dwelling on the similar question as regards

the degree holder Junior Engineers who were also gradually encadred by the

said notification dated 29.10.2007 by relaxing the due process. They were also

encadred w.e.f. 30.12.2003. Those writ petitions were filed for purpose of

finalisation of pension etc. In that case, the respondents resisted similar claims

by stating that since they did not belong to Tripura Power Engineering Service

prior to 30.12.2003, the petitioners were not entitled to any benefit under Career

Advancement Scheme under the cadre service rules inasmuch as the said

scheme categorically provides that that scheme will be applicable only to the

regular employees. Even though, the petitioners were given the regular scale of

pay but their services were only regularised from 30.12.2003. However, the state

has admitted in those cases that the petitioners were granted regular pay scale

w.e.f. 01.10.1992 by the memorandum dated 03.09.1992, which made it clear

that the petitioners were entitled to the benefit of regular pay scale

w.e.f.22.10.1992 in view of the said memorandum, and not before. The

respondents on those writ petitions had further contended that the petitioners

cannot expect the pay scale attached to the cadre service posts as they were not

borne in the said cadre service. There is a gulf of difference in status between a

junior engineer in the cadre service and a Junior Engineer outside the cadre

service. In those writ petitions, the petitioners had succinctly urged the court to
                                     Page 11 of 20




treat the petitioners as the regular junior engineer from the date when they

were given the regular pay scale as they are holding the ex-cadre post, they

were entitled to parity with the junior engineers borne in the cadre. The

petitioners of those writ petitions had urged to count their seniority from the

date of release of the regular pay scale. It had been urged that when the

petitioners were regularised and were granted regular pay scale i.e. Rs.2,100-

4,530/- corresponding to the revised pay scale of Rs.7,450-13,000/- further to

the pay scale of Rs.10,000-15,100/- and further to Rs.11,000-18,000/- under

CAS-I after their completion of seventeen years of service they are entitled to be

regularised from the date when they were granted the scale. It has been

categorically criticised by the writ petitioners that inclusion of those writ petitions

in the cadre of Junior Engineers w.e.f.30.12.2003 is arbitrary and violative of

Article 14 and 16 of the Constitution. As the petitioners were granted regular pay

scale of Junior Engineers w.e.f.20.10.1992 their services be deemed to have

been encadred from that date. Thus, the petitioners will be further entitled to

count the past service for purpose of pension and seniority. If, that is not

allowed, the equals will be treated unequally.


8.            The respondent, however, had contended that no appointment

usually can be made retrospectively nor can any seniority be granted on

retrospective basis from a date when an employee has not been borne in the

cadre, particularly in a case when this would adversely affect the seniority of

those appointees who have been appointed following the laid down procedure in

the meantime. It has been reiterated by the State that the benefit of Career
                                  Page 12 of 20




Advancement can be granted only to those who have completed the qualifying

service in a regular post and not to the petitioners whose services were

encadred only in 2003.


9.           Thereafter, this court having discussed the relevant notifications

including the notification dated 29.10.2007, whereby Junior Engineers who were

not in the cadre were encadred en bloc has observed as follows:


                    15. From the findings made by me, the question to be decided
                    is whether the services rendered by the petitioners prior to 29-
                    10-2007 when they were encadred as Junior Engineers of the
                    TPES can be counted for the purpose of seniority. It is now
                    well settled by various decisions of the Apex Court that
                    retrospective seniority cannot be given to an employee from a
                    date when he was not even born in the cadre. So also,
                    seniority cannot be given with retrospective effect so as to
                    adversely affect others. Seniority amongst members of the
                    same grade must be counted from the date of their initial
                    entry into the grade. If any authority is needed, I may
                    conveniently cite the latest decision of the Apex Court in P.
                    Sudhakar Rao v. U. Govinda Rao, (2013) 8 SCC 693. The
                    relevant portions are found at paras 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50 and
                    51, which are reproduced below:

                               "44. As far as the impact of the retrospective
                               operation of the executive instructions or statutory
                               rules on the seniority of employees is concerned
                               (including the Junior Engineers before us), this
                               issue is now settled by a few recent decisions of
                               this Court. There is no doubt that retrospective
                               operation can be given to statutory rules such as
                               the Andhra Pradesh Engineering Service Rules. But,
                               the retroactivity must still meet the test of Article
                               14 and Article 16 of the Constitution and must not
                               adversely trench upon the entitlement of seniority
                               of others.

                               45. Without intending to multiply precedents on
                               this subject, reference may be made to a decision
                               rendered by this Court more than two decades ago.
                               In State of Bihar & ors, etc v. Akhouri Sachindra
                               Nath and others13 it was held that retrospective
                               seniority cannot be given to an employee from a
                               date when he was not even borne in the cadre. So
                               also, seniority cannot be given with retrospective
                               effect so as to adversely affect others. Seniority
                               amongst members of the same grade must be
  Page 13 of 20




counted from the date of their initial entry into the
grade. It was held:

           "12. In the instant case, the promotee
           Respondents 6 to 23 were not born in
           the cadre of Assistant Engineer in the
           Bihar Engineering Service, Class II at
           the time when Respondents 1 to 5 were
           directly recruited to the post of
           Assistant Engineer and as such they
           cannot be given seniority in the service
           of      Assistant     Engineers       over
           Respondents 1 to 5. It is well settled
           that no person can be promoted with
           retrospective effect from a date when
           he was not borne in the cadre so as to
           adversely affect others. It is well settled
           by several decisions of this Court that
           amongst members of the same grade
           seniority is reckoned from the date of
           their initial entry into the service. In
           other words, seniority inter se amongst
           the Assistant Engineers in Bihar
           Engineering Service, Class II will be
           considered from the date of the length
           of service rendered as Assistant
           Engineers. This being the position in law
           Respondents 6 to 23 cannot be made
           senior to Respondents 1 to 5 by the
           impugned government orders as they
           entered into the said service by
           promotion after Respondents 1 to 5
           were directly recruited in the quota of
           direct recruits. The judgment of the
           High Court quashing the impugned
           government orders made in Annexures
           8, 9 and 10 is unexceptionable."

46. This decision was cited with approval, a few
years ago, along with the decision rendered in
Keshav Chandra Joshi v. Union of India :1992 Supp
(1) SCC 272. This Court held that when a quota is
provided for, then the seniority of the employee
would be reckoned from the date when the vacancy
arises in his/her quota and not from any anterior
date of promotion or subsequent date of
confirmation. It was observed that injustice ought
not to be done to one set of employees in order to
do justice to another set. It was said in Uttaranchal
Forest Rangers‟ Assn. (Direct Recruit) v. State of
U.P. : (2006) 10 SCC 346, on referring to these
judgments that:

           "37. We are also of the view that no
           retrospective promotion or seniority can
           be granted from a date when an
             Page 14 of 20




                      employee has not even been borne in
                      the cadre so as to adversely affect the
                      direct recruits appointed validly in the
                      meantime, as decided by this Court in
                      Keshav Chandra Joshi v. Union of India
                      held that when promotion is outside the
                      quota, seniority would be reckoned from
                      the date of the vacancy within the quota
                      rendering      the    previous   service
                      fortuitous. The previous promotion
                      would be regular only from the date of
                      the vacancy within the quota and
                      seniority shall be counted from that
                      date and not from the date of his earlier
                      promotion or subsequent confirmation.
                      In order to do justice to the promotees,
                      it would not be proper to do injustice to
                      the direct recruits. ...

                      38. This Court has consistently held that
                      no retrospective promotion can be
                      granted nor can any seniority be given
                      on retrospective basis from a date when
                      an employee has not even been borne in
                      the cadre particularly when this would
                      adversely affect the direct recruits who
                      have been appointed validly in the
                      meantime."

47. However, the mere existence of a vacancy is not enough to
enable an employee to claim seniority. The date of actual
appointment in accordance with the required procedure
becomes important in such a case. This was so held in State of
Uttaranchal v. Dinesh Kumar Sharma : (2007) 1 SCC 683
(followed in Nani Sha v. State of Arunachal Pradesh : (2007)
15 SCC 406, wherein it was said:

                      "34. Another issue that deserves
                      consideration is whether the year in
                      which the vacancy accrues can have any
                      relevance     for    the    purpose    of
                      determining the seniority irrespective of
                      the fact when the persons are recruited.
                      Here the respondent‟s contention is that
                      since the vacancy arose in 1995-1996
                      he should be given promotion and
                      seniority from that year and not from
                      1999, when his actual appointment
                      letter was issued by the appellant. This
                      cannot be allowed as no retrospective
                      effect can be given to the order of
                      appointment order under the Rules nor
                      is such contention reasonable to normal
                      parlance. This was the view taken by
                      this Court in Jagdish Ch. Patnaik v.
                      State of Orissa : (1998) 4 SCC 456."
              Page 15 of 20




48. More recently, and finally, in Pawan Pratap Singh v.
Reevan Singh : (2011) 3 SCC 267 all relevant precedents on
the subject were considered, including the Constitution Bench
decision in Direct Recruit Class II Engg. Officers‟ Assn. v. State
of Maharashtra : (1990) 2 SCC 715 and the legal position
summarised (by Lodha, J.) as follows:

                       "(i) The effective date of selection has
                       to be understood in the context of the
                       service    rules   under      which     the
                       appointment is made. It may mean the
                       date on which the process of selection
                       starts    with     the     issuance      of
                       advertisement or the factum of
                       preparation of the select list, as the case
                       may be. (ii) Inter se seniority in a
                       particular service has to be determined
                       as per the service rules. The date of
                       entry in a particular service or the date
                       of substantive appointment is the safest
                       criterion for fixing seniority inter se
                       between one officer or the other or
                       between one group of officers and the
                       other recruited from different sources.
                       Any departure therefrom in the
                       statutory rules, executive instructions
                       or otherwise must be consistent with
                       the requirements of Articles 14 and 16
                       of the Constitution.

                       (iii) Ordinarily, notional seniority may
                       not be granted from the backdate and if
                       it is done, it must be based on objective
                       considerations     and    on    a    valid
                       classification and must be traceable to
                       the statutory rules.

                       (iv) The seniority cannot be reckoned
                       from the date of occurrence of the
                       vacancy     and    cannot     be   given
                       retrospectively unless it is so expressly
                       provided by the relevant service rules.
                       It is so because seniority cannot be
                       given on retrospective basis when an
                       employee has not even been borne in
                       the cadre and by doing so it may
                       adversely affect the employees who
                       have been appointed validly in the
                       meantime."

                             ****

50. The facts of the appeals before us show that at least some of the Supervisors were given retrospective seniority on the date when they were not even eligible for appointment as Junior Engineers. The precedents referred to above show that Page 16 of 20 this is impermissible. In addition as pointed out by the High Court, there is no indication of the vacancy position, that is, whether the Supervisors could be adjusted in the grade of Junior Engineers from the date on which they were given notional retrospective seniority. There is also no indication whether the quota of vacancies for Supervisors was adhered to as on the date on which they were given notional retrospective seniority. The case law suggests that this is an important factor to be considered. Finally, it is quite clear that the grant of retrospective seniority to the Supervisors has adversely impacted on the promotion chances of the Junior Engineers by bringing them down in seniority. This too is impermissible.

51. From the various decisions referred to and from the facts of the case, it is clear that to pass the scrutiny of Article 14 of the Constitution, the seniority of the Supervisors should be reckoned only from the date on which they satisfied all the real and objective procedural requirements of the Andhra Pradesh Engineering Service Rules and the law laid down by this Court. This has not happened in the present appeals creating a situation of unreasonableness and unfairness."

16. In the case before me, considered against the parameters laid down by the Apex Court in P. Sudhakar case (supra), I have no hesitation to hold that the seniority of the petitioners can be counted only with effect from 30- 12-2003 when they came to be encadred in the Tripura Power Engineering Service; it is only after this that they became members of the service as defined in Rule 2(e) of the Tripura Power Engineering Service. Granting of regular pay scale Junior Engineer in 1992, without any more, cannot be equated with encadrement in the TPES. Till their services were encadred in the TPES, they were simply holding ex-cadre posts of Junior Engineer; the posts held by them prior to 30-12-2003 was outside the cadre of Junior Engineer contemplated in the schedule to the rules. To include the petitioners in the common inter se seniority list of the Junior Engineers who were already borne in the cadre and adversely affecting their seniority will be to facilitate reverse discrimination against the latter; all they can ask for is to be placed en bloc below those regularly appointed Junior Engineers and nothing more. In the view that I have taken, I do not think that the respondent authorities have acted illegally in not counting the past services rendered by the petitioners in the ex-cadre posts of Junior Engineer for the purpose of seniority and in deciding to count their services from the date of their respective encadrement in the TPES.

17. Coming now to the question as to whether the petitioners are entitled to the benefit of CAS (interestingly no relief is claimed in the writ petition), the contentions made by the learned counsel for the petitioners are, to my mind, ill- conceived and misconceived. The concept of Career Assured Scheme is introduced with a view to provide safety net to deal with problems of genuine stagnation, frustration and hardship faced by the employees due to lack of adequate promotional Page 17 of 20 avenue. For example, CAS, in the very nature of the scheme, is not and cannot be extended to casual employees including those granted „temporary status‟ or employees appointed in the Government only on ad hoc or contract basis. It is only when the petitioners became members of the TPES in 2007, the question of promoting them to a higher post would arise and not before; it is, therefore, absurd for them to claim CAS-

1. After all, the period of service rendered by them in the ex- cadre posts of Junior Engineer prior to their encadrement cannot obviously be counted for the purpose of promotion, much less, for the purpose of CAS-1."

[Emphasis added]

10. Mr. A. Bhowmik, learned counsel appearing for the petitioners having referred to the memorandum dated 06.01.2010 has submitted that the decision contained in the said memorandum has wider ramification in the present controversy. Hence, the relevant part of the said memorandum is reproduced hereunder :

"In the year 1990, a number of Jr. Engineers (Both Degree and Diploma holders) were recruited in Power Department on fixed pay basis as ex-cadre and they were allowed regular pay scale in the year 1992 with approval of the Govt. as communicated vide No.F.6(53)-CEE/89/(S)/3,069-92 dated 22-10-1992 of Power Department, Govt. of Tripura. The Ex-cadre Junior Engineers (Both Degree and Diploma Holders) were also recruited in the year of 1997 and in subsequent periods. In the meantime, a section out of those Ex-cadre Jr. Engineers were recruited through T.P.S.C. competitive examination as regular Jr. Engineer in Power Department and were allowed to join in Tripura Power Engineering Service after tendering resignation from their previous service as Ex-cadre Jr. Engineers while a number of fresh Jr. Engineers were also recruited in the Deptt. During the same time. On 15th November, 2007, with a decision of the government, the ex-cadre Jr. Engineers who were in service of Power Department outside TPES, were en- cadred and brought into Cadre of Tripura Power Engineering Service w.e.f.2003.
2. With a view to settling the different issues as arisen a number of applications representations received from many applicants to consider the following issues :-
i) Allowing up-gradation of their pay (CAS) after completion of 8(eight) years of service in regular pay scale for the Degree holders as was allowed to Diploma holders after 4(four) years.
Page 18 of 20
ii) Counting of past service for pension, retirement etc. benefit of Ex-cadre Jr. Engineers from the date of joining.
iii) Pay protection to those Ex-cadre Junior Engineers who were recruited subsequently through TPSC in the year 2003.
iv) CAS for the Ex-cadre Junior Engineers irrespective of their subsequent status of service in the Department.

3. The issues were referred to the Finance Dept., Govt. of Tripura and accordingly, the following decisions have been communicated for implementation in due course.

i) All the involved Engineers who were in service under Power Department both during their ex-cadre period and after en-

cadrement, their ex-cadre period of service may be counted for the purpose of providing pension and retirement benefits.

ii) Degree holder Ex-cadre Junior Engineers (recruited in 1990) may be provided benefit of CAS-I notionally on completion of 8 years of service. To determine completion of 8 years of service, the period should be calculated from the date when they were provided benefit of regular pay scale ignoring the period served under fixed remuneration basis. However, the financial effect of the CAS would be admissible from 1-9- 2004 as provided under 15th Amendment of TSCS (ROP) Rules, 1999. Whereever such benefit was/is provided, this should be treated as consumption of CAS or , as the case may be, ACP irrespective of periods served under ex-cadre or cadre service.

iii) The Diploma holder Ex-cadre Jr. Engineers who had already got the benefit of CAS-I on completion of 4 years of service in the regular pay scale in pursuance of communication issued from the Finance Department vide No.F.4(40)-FIN(PC)/90 Dt.16.07.2009, their benefit will remain unchanged.

iv) The concerned incumbents may be provided the benefit of protection of pay scale for their ex-cadre period of service in the Power Department by invoking the provision of FR 22 read with GOI decision No.7, which provides scope to treat the resignation as technical resignation instead of a straight resignation.

v) Those incumbents who would be found eligible to get benefit of higher pay scale and protection of pay for the ex- cadre period of service, their arrear pay inclusive of all allowances up to period 31st March, 2009 would be in their respective GPF accounts. This impounding would be continued upto 31st March, 2010.

vi) The seniority of the Ex-cadre Junior Engineers who were regularised and brought into cadre service (TPES) in the year 2007, will be placed enblock below the seniority list of the recruitees of 2003 as made by TPSC as per conditions given in the order of regularisation vide No.F.2(25)-Power/2007/980- Page 19 of 20 94 Dated 15-11-2007 of the Under Secretary, Power Deptt., Govt. of Tripura.

vii) They will exercise their option as per Rules of the Government as prevailing as per order of the Finance Department. "

11. Mr. Bhowmik, learned counsel has further contended that the said memorandum dated 06.01.2010 is not under challenge. The said memorandum only gives protection to the financial up-gradation provided to the petitioners on completion of four years of service in the regular pay scale pursuant to the communication dated 16.07.2009. But those communications were made subject to the outcome of Shibajyoti Bhattacharjee(supra) and other similar writ petitions, reference of which has been made in the said memorandum dated 06.01.2010.
12. Mr. Bhowmik, learned counsel has asserted that the controversy as raised in these writ petitions is covered by a decision of this court in Kalyanbrata Bhattacharjee versus State of Tripura and Others [judgment dated 03.03.2021 delivered in WP(C)No.488/2019 and other analogous writ petitions]. But the said decision, with all humility to the learned counsel, is not germane to the present context. It may be noted that at this juncture that the pay scale in the Grade-V(A) of Tripura Engineering Service and Tripura Power Engineering Service is equal for the Degree holder direct recruit and the Diploma holder promotees. As such, any movement thereafter will be to the pay scale equal to both the Degree holders and Diploma holders.
13. There is no dispute that as the petitioners were brought in the pay scale of Rs.2000-4,410/-, they were also given the benefit of pay scale of Page 20 of 20 Rs.2,100-4,530/- (unrevised) in terms of the memorandum dated 06.04.2000. As such, what has been decided by a co-equal bench of this court squarely covers the present controversy. The petitioners, thus, cannot claim that they should be designated as the Junior Engineer borne in Grade-V(A) of Tripura Engineering Service/Tripura Power Engineering Service on a prior date, as asserted in these writ petitions, as they were not recruited, admittedly following the due process provided by the Tripura Engineering Service Rules, 1987 and Tripura Power Engineering Service Rules, 1987 as amended time to time. As such, the petitioner cannot claim that they had completed seventeen years of service on 01.10.2013 for purpose of granting ACP-II as the petitioners have calculated their regular service from 01.01.1996. Their regular appointment, according to the notification dated 15.11.2007 issued by the Power Department has taken effect from 30.12.2003. There is no challenge against the said notification. As such, the sound reasonings as based in Shibajyoti Bhattacharjee(supra) will squarely apply in the controversy raised in these writ petitions. For the same reasons, the petitioners' claim for 3rd financial up-gradation in the form of MACP w.e.f.01.10.2021 is not sustainable. The consequential relief of fixation of pay has thus become irrelevant.
Having observed thus, all these writ petitions are dismissed. However, there shall be no order as to costs.
JUDGE Sabyasachi B