Legal Document View

Unlock Advanced Research with PRISMAI

- Know your Kanoon - Doc Gen Hub - Counter Argument - Case Predict AI - Talk with IK Doc - ...
Upgrade to Premium
[Cites 11, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

Shri S.P. Sharma vs Smt. Manjeet Kaur on 17 October, 2013

   IN THE COURT OF SH. CHANDRA BOSE, CIVIL JUDGE ­SENIOR 
    DIVISION, CENTRAL DISTRICT, TIS HAZARI COURTS, DELHI.

                                                                                    Suit No. 305/12
                                                                          ID No. 02401C0271442008

Shri S.P. Sharma
S/o Late Sh. G.L. Sharma
R/o 115, Uttrakhand, JNU,
New Delhi.                                                                                 ............. plaintiff

                                          VERSUS

1.        Smt. Manjeet Kaur,
          W/o Sh. Manohar Singh

2.        Shri Manohar Singh,
          S/o Sh. Dayal Singh,
          Both R/o Flat No. 70,
          Vidya Vihar, Pitampura West,
          Delhi­34.                                                             ................ defendants


Date of Institution of Suit                                                          :           21­02­2008
Date of reserve for judgment                                                         :           21­09­2013
Date of announcement of Judgment                                                     :           17­10­2013


  SUIT FOR POSSESION, RECOVERY OF ARREARS OF RENT 
             AN DAMAGES/MESNE PROFITS

Judgment :

1.                    The brief facts, as per averments of the plaint, are that 


Suit No. 305/12                                          1/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 the flat no. 70, Vidya Vihar, Pitam Pura, West, Delhi­74 was let out 

by the plaintiff, its owner, to the defendants vide rent deed dated 

06.06.1999 executed between plaintiff and defendant no. 2 for a 

period   of   11   months.   Another   lease   deed   was   also   executed 

between   them   on   07.06.2006.   That   lastly   the   defendant   no.   1 

approached the plaintiff for taking the aforesaid flat in her name for 

four months and lease deed was executed between plaintiff and 

defendant no.1 w.e.f. 07.05.2007 @ Rs.6500/­ per month as her 

husband Sh. Manohar Singh, defendant no.2 was not available in 

India   at   that   time   and   the   said   lease   agreement   expired   on 

06.09.2007   which   was   for   a   period   of   four   months   but   the 

defendants failed to vacate and hand over the possession of the 

suit   premises   to   the   plaintiff   which   constrained   him   to   serve   a 

notice   dated   07.11.2007   upon   the   defendants   to   hand   over   the 

vacant and peaceful possession of the suit premises.  That instead 

of complying with the legal notice, the defendants came up with 

false   and   concocted   pleas   and   sent   baseless   reply   dated 

09.12.2007 to the notice of the plaintiff. Hence, the present suit has 


Suit No. 305/12                                          2/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 been filed by the plaintiff for passing a decree for possession and 

recovery   of   arrears   of   rent   w.e.f.   07.06.2007   @   Rs.6500/­   per 

month and damages for use and occupation of the said premises 

@ Rs.10,000/­ per month w.e.f 07.01.2008 till the date on which the 

premises is actually vacated and handed over by the defendants to 

the plaintiff. 

2.                    WS was filed on behalf of defendants. In preliminary 

objections, it is stated that defendant no.2 took the suit premises 

on rent @ Rs.3000/­ per month on 07.06.1999 exclusive of water 

and   electricity   charges   and   the   tenancy   of   defendant   no.   2   is 

governed by Delhi Rent Control Act 1956 and the suit is barred u/s 

50 of the said Act. That the suit is bad for mis­joinder of parties as 

the   defendant   no.1   is   not   necessary   or   proper   party.   That   the 

defendants have paid rent to the plaintiff directly upto 06.12.2007 in 

cash but despite repeated requests and demands, the plaintiff has 

never issued the rent receipts and thereafter the plaintiff refuses to 

accept the rent. That the present suit has been filed without any 

cause of action. That the plaintiff is not the owner of suit flat and he 


Suit No. 305/12                                          3/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 is   simply   an   attorney   of   owner   and   the   suit   filed   by   him   is   not 

maintainable and is liable to be dismissed. 

3.                    On merits, it is stated that the plaintiff has not filed the 

correct site plan. No rent deed was signed on 06.06.1999 or on any 

other   date,   between   the   plaintiff   and   defendant   no.   2   for   any 

period. It is also denied that the defendant no.1 ever approached 

the plaintiff for taking in her name the aforesaid flat on fixed terms 

lease   deed   w.e.f   07.05.2007  as the  defendant  no.2  was  already 

tenant   in   respect   of   suit   premises   and   he   never   surrendered 

possession of the same to plaintiff and as such, the question of 

taking   the   suit   premises   on   lease   afresh   does   not   arise.     It   is 

denied that the registered letter dated 14.04.2007 or copy through 

UPC was sent to defendant no.2. He never received the alleged 

letter or the copy thereto. It is denied that defendant no.2 received 

the alleged notice dated 07.11.2007 from the plaintiff or his counsel 

and   the   defendants   sent   the   proper   and   suitable   reply   dated 

09.12.2007 to the notice dated 27.11.2007.  It is also stated that the 

suit premises can not fetch more than agreed rent of R.3000/­ per 


Suit No. 305/12                                          4/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 month and the alleged rent deed, copy of which has been filed by 

the plaintiff is forged and fabricated document and the same has 

been manufactured for the purpose to mislead this Hon'ble Court. 

It is also stated that the plaintiff has not properly valued the suit as 

the   market   value   of   the   suit   property   is   above   Rs.40   lacs   and 

therefore, this Hon'ble Court does not have pecuniary jurisdiction. 

It   is   prayed   that   the   suit   of   the   plaintiff   be   dismissed   with 

compensatory cost u/s 35 of CPC. 

4.                    Rejoinder filed on behalf of the plaintiff to the WS of 

defendants   wherein   the   averments   of   the   plaint   have   been 

reiterated and the averments made in the WS have been stated as 

false.  

5.                    From   the   pleadings   of   the   parties,   following   issues 

were framed vide order dated 21.04.2011:­

                           1. Whether   the   suit   of   the   plaintiff   is   barred  
                              under   Section   50   of   the   Delhi   Rent   Control  
                              Act, 1959? (OPD) 

                           2. Whether   the   plaintiff   is   entitled   to   the  
                              possession of the suit property? (OPP)




Suit No. 305/12                                          5/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
                            3. Whether the plaintiff is entitled for recovery of  
                              arrears of rent and damages/mesne profits as  
                              prayed in the plaint? (OPP)

                           4. Relief.

6.                    In order to substantiate the case of the plaintiff, he filed 

and  tendered  his  affidavit. He was cross examined on behalf of 

defendants. PW2 Sh. P.K. Jain, PW3 Sh. Raj Kishor Gaur, PW4 

Sh. M.K. Gupta and PW5 Sh. V.P. Thakral tendered their affidavits 

in evidence and were cross­examined on behalf of defendants. 

7.                    No evidence has been led on behalf of defendants to 

prove their defence and DE was closed on 30.08.2013. 

8.                    I have heard final arguments on behalf of plaintiff. No 

one   appeared   on   behalf   of   defendants   on   21.09.2013   for 

addressing   final   arguments   and   therefore,   opportunity   of 

addressing   final   arguments   on   behalf   of   defendants   was   closed 

and case was adjourned for judgment. 

9.                    I   considered   the   submissions   of   counsel   for   plaintiff 

and   entire   evidence   on   record.   My   findings   on   issues   are   as 

under:­


Suit No. 305/12                                          6/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 Finding   on   issue   no.1:   Whether   the   suit   of   the   plaintiff   is  
barred under Section 50 of the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1959?  
OPD


10.                   The onus of proving this issue was on the defendants. 

Counsel for defendants have not argued despite opportunity given 

to him. It is submitted by counsel for the plaintiff that the rate of 

rent   was   Rs.6000/­   per   month   as   per   rent   deed   Ex.PW1/4   and 

Rs.6500/­   per   month   as  per  rent deed Ex.PW1/6 and therefore, 

Section 50 of DRC Act does not attract. As per Section 50 of DRC 

Act,   1958,   the   rate   of   rent  of  the  premises   should   be   less  than 

Rs.3,500/­ per month. Plaintiff has very well proved the rent deed 

Ex.PW1/4 and Ex.PW1/6 and thereby has proved that the rate of 

rent in the present case was Rs.6000/­ per month from 07.06.2006 

and Rs.6500/­ per month from 07.05.2007 when the tenancy was 

determined.   Therefore,   I   am   of   the   view   that   civil   court   has 

jurisdiction to entertain the present suit and Section 50 of DRC Act, 

1958 does not attract. This issue is decided accordingly. 

Finding on issue no.2: Whether the plaintiff is entitled to the  
possession of the suit property? (OPP)



Suit No. 305/12                                          7/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 11.                   It is submitted by the ld. Counsel for the plaintiff that by 

the testimony of PW­1­S. P. Sharma, it has been proved that the 

premises was let out to the defendant no. 2 Manohar Singh vide 

lease / rent deed dated 06­06­1999 for a period of 11 months at a 

monthly rent of Rs.4,000/­.  Lease/ rent deed dated 06­06­1999 is 

Ex.   PW­1/3.     It   is   further   submitted   that   PW­2­   P.   K.   Jain   has 

proved the execution of document Ex. PW­1/3 in his presence.

12.                   No evidence has been led on behalf of the defendants 

to   prove   that   Ex.   PW­1/3   does   not   bear   the   signatures   of   the 

defendant no. 2 at point 'B­1'.  Even on comparing the signatures 

of the defendant no. 2 at point 'B­1' on the document Ex. PW­1/3 

with   his   signatures   on   the   WS   filed   by   him,   it   is   clear   that   the 

signatures at point B­1 appears to be signatures of the defendant 

no. 2.

13.                   I   gone   through   the   cross­examination   of   PW­1­S.   P. 

Sharma and PW­2 - P. K. Jain and I am of the view that there is no 

ground for rejecting the testimony of PW­1 and PW­2 and by their 

testimony it has been proved that the rent deed Ex. PW­1/3 was 


Suit No. 305/12                                          8/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 executed between the plaintiff and the defendant no. 2.

14.                   It is further submitted by the ld. Counsel for the plaintiff 

that the rent deed Ex. PW­1/4 was executed between the plaintiff 

and defendant no. 2 on 07­06­2006 for a period of 11 months and 

the   rate   of   rent   was   agreed   @   Rs.6,000/­   p.m..     It   is   further 

submitted   that   no   evidence   has   been   led   on   behalf   of   the 

defendants that the signatures at point 'B­1' on the document Ex. 

PW­1/4   is   not   of   defendant   no.   2.     It   is   further   submitted   that 

witness Raj Kishore Gaur is the attesting witness of rent deed Ex. 

PW­1/4 and he has been examined as PW­3 who has proved that 

the   document   Ex.   PW­1/4   was   executed   in   his   presence   and 

defendant no. 2 had put his signatures in his presence.

15.                   I   considered   the   submissions   of   ld.   Counsel   for   the 

plaintiff   as   submitted   above.     I   also   gone   through   the   cross­

examination   of   PW­3   Raj   Kishore   Gaur   and   it   is   observed   that 

noting has come during cross­examination which shows that the 

testimony   of   PW­3   Raj   Kishore   Gaur   is   not   trustworthy.   No 

evidence has been led on behalf of the defendants to prove that 


Suit No. 305/12                                          9/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 the signatures at point 'B­1' on the document Ex. PW­1/4 is not of 

defendant no. 2 and his signatures has been forged and fabricated. 

The testimony of PW­1 S. P. Sharma and testimony of PW­3 Raj 

Kishore Gaur has proved the execution of document Ex. PW­1/4.

16.                   It is further submitted by the ld. Counsel for the plaintiff 

that it has been proved by the testimony of PW­1 S. P. Sharma and 

the testimony of PW­4 M. K. Gupta that lease deed Ex. PW­1/6 

was   executed   between   the   plaintiff   and   defendant   no.   1   Smt. 

Manjeet kaur, wife of the defendant no. 2 for a period of 4 months 

as defendant no. 2 was out of India.   It is further submitted that 

attesting witnesses namely Sh. M. K. Gupta and Sh. V. P. Thakral 

have   been   examined   as   PW­4   and   PW­5   and   the   plaintiff   has 

proved the execution of rent deed Ex. PW­1/6 by the testimonies of 

these two witnesses.

17.                   I   considered   the   testimonies   of   PW­1   S.P.   Sharma, 

PW­4 M.K. Gupta and PW­5 V.P. Thakral on the point of execution 

of rent deed Ex. PW­1/6 between the plaintiff and defendant no. 1. 

The plaintiff has stated in his affidavit that the suit property was to 


Suit No. 305/12                                          10/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 be   vacated   by   the   defendants   on   06­05­2007   but   instead   of 

vacating the suit property, the defendant no. 1 ­Manjit kaur, wife of 

the defendant no. 2 requested for some more time to vacate the 

suit property as she and her family were shifting very soon and at 

her request  new  lease  deed dated 07­05­2007 was entered into 

between the plaintiff and her whereby the suit property was let out 

for a period of 4 months at a monthly rent of Rs.6,500/­.  He has 

further stated that the said lease deed was executed and signed by 

the parties in the presence of M.K. Gupta and V.P. Thakral.  PW­4 

­M.K. Gupta has filed his affidavit wherein he has stated that the 

lease   deed   Ex.   PW­1/6   was   executed   on   07­07­2007   by   S.P. 

Sharma and Manjeet Kaur­defendant no. 1 and they had put their 

signatures in his presence.  He has also stated that the lease deed 

was   executed   for   a   period   of   4   months   at   a   monthly   rent   of 

Rs.6,500/­   as   defendant   no.   1  ­Manjeet   Kaur   had  requested  for 

some more time to vacate the suit property.  PW­5 V.P. Thakral has 

also stated these facts in his affidavit.  These two witnesses have 

been cross­examined on behalf of the defendants but nothing  has 


Suit No. 305/12                                          11/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 come during cross­examination from which it can be said that the 

testimony   of   PW­4­M.K.   Gupta   and   PW­5­V.P.   Thakral   is   not 

trustworthy.     These   witnesses   have   very   well   identified   their 

signatures on the rent deed Ex. PW­1/6.   PW­4 has categorically 

stated during his cross­examination that the signatures at point 'B' 

an 'B­1' on Ex. PW­1/6 were put by Manjeet Kaur­defendant no. 1 

in his presence.   PW­5­V.P. Thakral has stated during his cross­

examination that Ex. PW­1/6 bears his signatures at point 'D'.  He 

has   also   identified   signatures   of   another   witness   M.K.   Gupta   at 

point 'C' on the document Ex. PW­1/6.   He has also categorically 

stated that the signatures at point 'A' was put by S.P. Sharma and 

signatures   at   point   'B­1'   were   put   by   defendant   no.   1   on   the 

document Ex. PW­1/6.   He has also stated that both the parties 

and witnesses had signed the lease deed Ex. PW­1/6 sometimes 

in May, 2007.   He has also stated that he can tell the substantive 

terms of the lease deed Ex. PW­1/6 and the same are that the suit 

property was let out for a period o 4 months at a monthly rent of 

Rs.6,500/­.  No evidence has been led on behalf of the defendants 


Suit No. 305/12                                          12/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 to prove that the signatures at point 'B­1' on the document Ex. PW­

1/6 is not of defendant no. 1 and the same has been forged and 

fabricated.     I   agree   with   the   submissions   of   ld.   Counsel   for   the 

plaintiff that by the testimony of PW­4­ M.K. Gupta and PW­5 ­V.P. 

Thakral and of the plaintiff­S.P. Sharma, it has been proved that 

the lease deed Ex. PW­1/6 was executed between the parties on 

07­05­2007 and it was only for 4 months.  It has also been proved 

that the rent deed Ex. PW­1/6 was executed between the plaintiff 

and defendant no. 1 because defendant no. 2 was out of India at 

that time.

18.                   It is submitted by the ld. Counsel for the plaintiff that a 

notice   Ex.   PW­1/7   dated   30­09­2007   was  sent  to   the  defendant 

no.2 whereby tenancy was terminated and defendants were asked 

to hand over the possession of the suit premises to pay Rs.10,000/­ 

per month as market rent.  It is further submitted that a legal notice 

Ex.   PW­1/7A   dated   27­11­2007   was   also   sent   to   both   the 

defendants   whereby   the   tenancy   of   the   suit   premises   was 

terminated and the same was replied by the defendants vide reply 


Suit No. 305/12                                          13/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 Ex.   PW­1/D­1   dated   09­12­2007   and   a  false   plea   was   taken  by 

them.  It is further submitted that there was no need of legal notice 

of termination of tenancy since the lease period had, otherwise, 

expired by efflux of time on 06­09­2007.   Counsel for the plaintiff 

has relied upon case law namely Skyland International Pvt. Ltd.  

vs.   Kavita   Lalwani,   191   (2012)   DLT   594  in   support   of   his 

contentions in this regard.

19.                   I gone through the case law    Skyland International  

Pvt. Ltd.   vs.  Kavita Lalwani (Supra), wherein it has been held 

that :

                                "the mode of determination of lease  
                                of   immovable   property   includes  end  
                                by   efflux   of   time   limited   thereby  
                                under   Section   111   (a)   of   T.P.   Act   of  
                                1982 and it is a statutory obligation of  
                                the lessee to restore the possession  
                                of   the   leased   property   to   the   lessor  
                                under   Section   108   (q)   on  
                                determination of the lease".

                     It has been further held that :

                                "the filing of the suit is itself a notice  
                                to quit on the tenant and no notice to  
                                quit   under   106   of   T.   P.   Act   is  


Suit No. 305/12                                          14/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
                                 necessary   to   enable   landlord   to   get  
                                decree of possession".

                     In   the   present   case   lease   deed   Ex.   PW­1/6   was 

executed between the plaintiff and defendant no. 1 for a period of 4 

months w.e.f. 07­05­2007 and therefore, tenancy had determined 

by way of efllux of time on 06­09­2007 and there was no need of 

giving legal notice of termination of tenancy and defendants were 

under   statutory   obligation   to   restore   the   possession   of   the   suit 

property to the plaintiff after 06­09­2007 in view of ratio of case law 

namely  Skyland   International   Pvt.   Ltd.       vs.     Kavita   Lalwani  

(Supra).

20.                   In view of the above discussions and reasons therein, 

it is held that the plaintiff is entitled to a decree for possession of 

the   Flat   no.   70,   Vidhya   Vihar   (Jawahar   Lal   Nehru   University 

Cooperative   Group   Housing   Society   Ltd.)   2nd  Floor,   Pitam   Pura, 

Delhi   comprising   three   bed  rooms,  drawing/  dining,  kitchen, two 

bathrooms as shown 'A' to 'P' in red colour in the site plan attached 

with the plaint against both the defendants.  This issue is decided 




Suit No. 305/12                                          15/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 in favour of the plaintiff and against the defendants.

Finding   on   issue   no.3:   Whether   the   plaintiff   is   entitled   for  
recovery   of   arrears   of   rent   and   damages/mesne   profits   as  
prayed in the plaint? (OPP)

21.                   The plaintiff has claimed Rs.45,500/­ as arrears of rent 

@ RS.6,500/­ per month for 7 months.   It is submitted by the ld. 

Counsel   for   the   plaintiff   that   as   per   rent   deed   Ex.   PW­1/6, 

Rs.6,500/­ per month was agreed as rent between the plaintiff and 

defendant   no.   1   and   further  submitted that only the rent for the 

month of May, 2007 was paid and thereafter rent was not paid.  It is 

further   submitted   by   the   ld.   Counsel   for   the   plaintiff   that   no 

evidence has been led on behalf of the defendants to prove that 

the   rent   from   June   2007   till   December,   2007   was   paid   by   the 

defendants.

22.                   I   considered   the   submissions   of   ld.   Counsel   for   the 

plaintiff as submitted above.   The rent deed Ex. PW­1/4 and Ex. 

PW­1/6 have been proved by the plaintiff as held while deciding 

issue no. 2.   As per rent deed Ex. PW­1/6, the rate of rent was 

agreed between the plaintiff and defendant no. 1 as Rs.6,500/­. No 


Suit No. 305/12                                          16/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 evidence has been led on behalf of the defendants to prove that 

the rent for the months of June, 2007 to December, 2007 was paid 

by them to the plaintiff.  Therefore, I am of the view that the plaintiff 

is entitled for recovery of Rs.45,500/­ being arrears of rent for 7 

months w.e.f. June, 2007 to December, 2007.

23.                   The   plaintiff   has   claimed   damages/   mesne   profit   @ 

Rs.10,000/­ per month w.e.f. 07­01­2008 till the date on which the 

premises actually be vacated and handed over to the plaintiff by 

the defendants.   It is further submitted by the ld. Counsel for the 

plaintiff that tenancy was determined by efllux of time on 06­09­

2007.   It is further submitted that the tenancy was terminated by 

giving notice Ex. PW­1/7A dated 27­11­2007 and therefore both the 

defendants   are   in   unauthorized   use   and   occupation   of   the   suit 

property.  Therefore, they are liable to pay damages / mesne profit 

@ Rs.10,000/­ p.m.

24.                   I   considered   the   submissions   of   ld.   Counsel   for   the 

plaintiff as submitted above.   As per rent agreement Ex. PW­1/6, 

the tenancy in the present case had determined by efllux of time 


Suit No. 305/12                                          17/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 i.e.   on   06­09­2007   and   thereafter,   the   defendants   were   under 

statutory duty to hand over the possession of the suit property to 

the plaintiff but they had not done so.   I am also of the view that 

after notice Ex. PW­1/7A dated 27­11­2007 whereby the tenancy of 

the   premises   was   terminated,   the   defendants   were   again   under 

obligation to hand over the vacant possession of the suit property 

to the plaintiff and thereafter they were in unauthorized use and 

occupation of the suit property.   Consequently, they are liable to 

pay damages /mesne profit to the plaintiff.  As per lease deed Ex. 

PW­1/6, the agreed rate of rent was Rs.6,500/­ per month upto 06­

09­2007.     The   plaintiff   has   not   examined   any   witness   from   the 

locality where  the  suit  property is situated to prove that the suit 

property,   if   let   out   in   the   year   2008,   may   fetch   Rs.10,000/­   per 

month.   In  Ramrameeshwari Devi   vs.   Nirmala Devi, V(2011)  

SLT 196,  it has been held that :

                                "the   court   must   adopt   realistic   and  
                                pragmatic   approach   in   granting  
                                mesne profit and must carefully keep  
                                in   view   the   ground   realities   while  
                                granting mesne profit".


Suit No. 305/12                                          18/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 25.                   As per rent deed Ex. PW­1/6, the rate of rent of the 

suit   premises   was   Rs.6,500/­   per   month   on   07­05­2007. 

Considering the inflation rate, and in view of the ratio of case law 

Ramrameeshwari Devi   vs.   Nirmala Devi (Supra),  I am of the 

view that if the damages/ mesne profit @ Rs.8,000/­ from January, 

2008 to January, 2010 and @ Rs.10,000/­ from January, 2011 till 

the   possession   of   the   suit   property   is   handed   over   by   the 

defendants or taken by the plaintiff from the defendants is granted, 

it would meets ends of justice.  Therefore, damages @ Rs.8,000/­ 

is granted from January, 2008 to January, 2010 and @ Rs.10,000/­ 

from   January,   2011   till   the   possession   of   the   suit   property   is 

handed over by the defendants or taken by the plaintiff from the 

defendants.  This issue is decided accordingly.  

Relief.

26.                   In preliminary objections no. 6 of the WS, it is stated 

on behalf of the defendants that the plaintiff is not owner of the  

suit flat.




Suit No. 305/12                                          19/28                            S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
 27.                   In  Sky   Land   International   Pvt.   Ltd.­Appellant     vs  

Kavita P. Lalwani­Respondent (Supra), it has been held that 

"Under Section 116 of the Indian Evidence Act, the lessee is estopped from denying the title of the transfree landlord. Section 116 of the Indian Evidence Act provides that no tenant of immovable property shall, during the continuance of the tenancy, be permitted to deny the title of the landlord meaning thereby that so long as the tenant has not surrendered the possession, he can not dispute the title of the landlord. However, defective the title of the landlord may be, a tenant is not permitted to dispute the same unless he has surrendered the possession of his landlord. It is based upon the salutary principle of law and justice that a tenant who could not have got the possession but for his contract of tenancy admitting the right of the landlord, can not be allowed to dispute the title of his landlord after taking undue advantage of the possession that he got from the landlord. Of course,, he can deny his title after he gives up the possession having thus restored the status­quo ante."

The rule of estoppel embodied under Section 116 of the Indian Evidence Act is that, a tenant who has been let into possession cannot deny his landlord's title, however defective it may be so long Suit No. 305/12 20/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.

as he has not openly restored possession by surrender to his landlord..."

28. From the perusal of cross­examination of PW­1 on behalf of the defendants, it is clear that defendants have disputed the title of the plaintiff. I agree with the submissions of ld. Counsel for the plaintiff that in view of the ratio of case law Sky Land International Pvt. Ltd.­Appellant vs Kavita P. Lalwani­ Respondent (Supra), the defendants have no right to dispute the title of the plaintiff and therefore they have deliberately taken false and untenable plea. It is submitted by the ld. Counsel for the plaintiff that panel cost be imposed on dishonest tenants who illegally continue to occupy the tenanted premises by raising frivolous defence. He has relied upon case law namely Ramrameshwari Devi vs. Nirmala Devi, V(2011) SLT 196, in support of his arguments in this regard wherein Hon'ble Supreme Court has held that "the courts have to take into consideration pragmatic realities and have to be realistic in imposing the costs. The existing system can be drastically changed or Suit No. 305/12 21/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.

improved if the following steps are taken by the trial courts while dealing with the civil trials :

A and B xxx xxx xxx "C. Imposition of actual, realistic or proper costs and or ordering prosecution would go a long way in controlling the tendency of introducing false pleadings and forged and fabricated documents by the litigants. Imposition of heavy costs would also control unnecessary adjournments by the parties. In appropriate cases the Courts may consider ordering prosecution otherwise it may not be possible to maintain purity and sanctity of judicial proceedings.
D. The Court must adopt realistic and pragmatic approach in granting mesne profits. The Court must carefully keep in view the ground realities while granting mesne profits".
E and F xxx xxx xxx "G. The principle of restitution be fully applied in a pragmatic manner in order to do real and substantial justice".
It is further held that :
"the other factor which should not be forgotten while imposing costs is for how Suit No. 305/12 22/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
long the defendants or respondents were compelled to contest and defend the litigation in various courts".

29. In Punjab National Bank vs. Virender Prakash while imposing costs of Rs.2 lacs on the bank, the relevant findings of this court are as under :

"1. ...Certain tenants, in this country, consider it an inherent right not to vacate the premises even after either expiry of tenancy period by efflux of time or after their tenancy is terminated by means of a notice under Section 106 of Transfer of Property Act, 1982. All such tenants, including the present appellant­bank, feel that they ought to vacate the tenanted premises only when the Courts pass a decree for possession against them. Considering the facts of the case, it is high time that a strict message is sent to those tenants who illegally continue to occupy the tenanted premises by raising frivolous defences only and only to continue in possession of the tenanted premises. Such incorrigible tenants should be appropriately burdened with penal costs ....."
"7. Now, the issue is with respect to costs. I have already given a preface at the very beginning of this judgment. This preface, is a preface which was necessary as much Suit No. 305/12 23/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
as there is a flood of litigation unnecessarily burdening the courts only because obdurate tenants refuse to vacate the tenanted premises even after their tenancy period expires by efflux of time or the monthly tenancy has been brought to an end by service of a notice under Section 106 of Transfer of Property Act, 1982. In the present case, the tenant is not a poor or a middle class person, but is a bank with huge resources and hence can contest litigation to the hilt. It is therefore necessary that I strictly apply the ratio of the Supreme Court judgment in the case of Ram Rameshwari Devi and ors. (Supra)...."

30. In Sky Land International Pvt. Ltd.­Appellant vs Kavita P. Lalwani­Respondent (Supra), it has been held that "it becomes the duty of the Courts to see that such wrong­doers are discouraged at every step and even if they succeed in prolonging the litigation, ultimately they must suffer the costs. Imposing of actual, realistic or proper costs and or ordering prosecution would go a long way in controlling the tendency of introducing false pleadings".

31. In Trilochan Singh­appelalnt vs. Daya Shankar & ors­respondents, 174 (2010) DLT 266, it has been held that "Every party is expected to comply with Suit No. 305/12 24/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.

the law and the contract that he has entered into and his failure to do so and his causing unnecessary litigation should mean a penalty and not a benefit for him. Our Courts are overloaded because it is widely believed that to force the other party to start litigation will in the end be beneficial for the wrong­doer."

32. In Indian Council for Enviro and Legal Action vs. Union of India, (2010) 8 SCC 161, it has been held that :

"to do the complete justice, prevent wrongs, remove incentive for wrongdoing or delay, the court may grant compound interest instead of simple interest".

It has been further held that :

"In consonance with the principles of equity, justice and good conscience Judges should ensure that the legal process is not abused by the litigants in any manner and it is bounden duty of the court to ensure that dishonesty and any attempt to abuse the legal process must be effectively curbed and one way to curb this tendency is to impose realistic costs, which the respondent or the defendant has infact incurred in order to defend himself in the legal proceedings. The courts would be fully justified even imposing punitive costs where legal process has been abused. No one should be permitted to Suit No. 305/12 25/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.
use the judicial process for earning undeserved gains or unjust profits. The court must effectively discourage dishonest litigation."

33. It has been proved on record that defendant no. 1 had executed rent deed Ex. PW­1/3 and Ex. PW­1/4 and defendant no. 2 also executed rent deed Ex. PW­1/6 but both the defendants have taken the plea that they have executed no rent deeds. In view of the settled preposition of law, it was statutory duty of the defendants to hand over the possession of the tenanted premises to the plaintiff after the expiry of the period of the tenancy but they had not handed over the possession of the suit premises even after filing of the suit and taken false pleas. Therefore, in view of ratio of case laws namely Sky Land International Pvt. Ltd.­ Appellant vs Kavita P. Lalwani­Respondent (Supra), Ramrameshwari Devi vs. Nirmala Devi (supra), Punjab National Bank vs. Virender Prakash (supra), Trilochan Singh­appelalnt vs. Daya Shankar & ors­respondents (supra) and Indian Council for Enviro and Legal Action vs. Union of Suit No. 305/12 26/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors. India (supra), I am of the view that the suit of the plaintiff be decreed with penal costs also.

34. In view of my findings on all the issues as above, the suit of the plaintiff is decreed for possession of the suit premises shown as 'A' to 'P' in red colour in the site plan attached with the plaint, comprising of three bed rooms, drawing/ dining, kitchen, two bathrooms bearing Flat no. 70, Vidhya Vihar (Jawahar Lal Nehru University Cooperative Group Housing Society Ltd.) 2 nd Floor, Pitam Pura, Delhi. Suit is also decreed for a sum of Rs.45,500/­ alongwith interest @ 8% on it from the date of filing of the suit till the same is recovered.

35. Suit of the plaintiff is also decreed for damages/ mesne profit @ Rs.8,000/­ from January, 2008 to January, 2010 and @ Rs.10,000/­ from January, 2011 till the possession of the suit property is handed over by the defendants or taken by the plaintiff from the defendants. The amount already deposited on behalf of the defendants is to be deducted from the amount of the mesne profit.

Suit No. 305/12 27/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.

36. The suit of the plaintiff is decreed as above alongwith costs and penal costs of Rs.2 lacs which would only do justice.

37. Plaintiff is directed to furnish the court fee on the amount of mesne profit/ damages from the date of filing of the suit upto the date of decree. Decree sheet be prepared accordingly. File be consigned to the record room.

Announced in the open court on the 17th day of October, 2013 (CHANDRA BOSE) Civil Judge­Senior Division Central District, Delhi.

Suit No. 305/12 28/28 S.P. Sharma Vs Manjeet Kaur & ors.