Madras High Court
R.Karthikeyan vs The Secretary To Government on 31 July, 2019
Equivalent citations: AIRONLINE 2019 MAD 2221
Author: S.Manikumar
Bench: S.Manikumar, Subramonium Prasad
W.P.No.14288 of 2017
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
DATED: 31.07.2019
CORAM:
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE S.MANIKUMAR
and
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SUBRAMONIUM PRASAD
W.P.No.14288 of 2017
and WMP No.21210 of 2019
R.Karthikeyan ... Petitioner
Vs
1. The Secretary to Government,
Health Department,
Government of Tamil Nadu,
Fort St. George, Chennai - 9.
2. The Director of Food Safety,
Government of Tamil Nadu,
Fort St. George, Chennai - 9.
3. The Commissioner,
Milk Development,
Milk Colony Road, Madhavaram, Chennai - 51.
4. Thirumala Milk Products Pvt. Ltd.,
No.120, Gutaala, Begumpet,
Srirama Colony, Jubilee Hills,
Hyderabad, Telengana - 500 081.
5. Heritage Foods Pvt. Ltd.,
6-3-541/C, Panjaguta,
Hyderabad - 500 082.
6. Hatsun Agro Products Ltd.,
1/20A, Rajiv Gandhi Salai,
Karapakkam, Chennai - 97.
7. Dodla Dairy Ltd.,
8-2-293/82/A,
Plot No.270/Q, Road No.10-C,
Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad - 500 033.
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W.P.No.14288 of 2017
8. A.R.Dairy Food Private Ltd.,
10/5-C, Madurai Road,
Begampur Post,
Dindiugal - 624 002.
9. Parag Milk foods Pvt. Ltd.,
Awasari Phata,
Manchar, Pune - 410 503.
10. Aasai Food Products Ltd.,
14/A, Vaiyapuri Goundanur,
Upplidamangalam Post,
Karur Dt. 639 114.
11. Nutra Numax Food Pvt. Ltd.,
No.38, Circular Road,
United India Colony, Kodambakkam, Chennai - 24.
12. Amirtha Dairy Pvt. Ltd.,
No.84, Jeevananatham Street,
Erode, TN- 638 002.
13. Sri Chakra Milk Products LLP.,
No.22B, 5-96/1, Eedara Varai Street,
Ramachandra Rao pet, Eluru, A.P.-534 002.
14. KC Milk Products,
RM Colony Main Road,
Ashok Nagar, Dindigul,
Tamil Nadu - 624 004.
15. GK Dairy,
1/12, Main Road, Kurichi,
Thiruvidaimarudur,
Kumbakonam, Tanjure Dt.,
Tamil Nadu.
16. The Managing Director,
Tamil Nadu Co-op Milk Producers' Federation Ltd.,
Milk Colony Road,
Kannadasan Road,
Ganapathy Nagar, Madhavaram, Chennai - 51 ... Respondents
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W.P.No.14288 of 2017
Prayer: Writ Petition is filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India,
issuance of a writ of mandamus, directing the respondents 1 to 3 to prevent the
production and marketing of unsafe milk by the respondents 4 to 6 and confiscate
the unsafe milks that are available in the market forthwith.
For Petitioners : Mr.H.Rajasekar
For Respondents : Mr.E.Manoharan (for R1 to R3)
Additional Government Pleader
Mr.G.Abraham Prabhu (for R4)
Mr.K.Ravindranath (for R5)
Mr.Gautham S.Raman (for R6)
Mr.Fanny Rajan (for R13)
Mr.APR Associates (for R15)
No appearance (for R7 to 12 & R16)
ORDER
(Order of this Court was made by S.MANIKUMAR, J.) Petitioner has filed the instant writ petition, for a mandamus, directing the respondents 1 to 3 viz., the Secretary to the Government, Health Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, the Director of Good Safety, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai and the Commissioner, Milk Development, Milk Colony Road, Madhavaram, Chennai, respectively, to prevent production and marketing of unsafe milk by respondents 4 to 12 and to confiscate the unsafe milks available in the market forthwith.
2. In the supporting affidavit, the petitioner has stated as follows:
(i) Milk is an essential item for every people and it supplies essential nutrients including calcium for the people. Previously, the farmers used to http://www.judis.nic.in 3/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 rear the cattle in their houses, draw milk and sell them directly to the consumers. It was an unorganized sector and done on a smaller scale. In the last two decades, the marketing practices have changed and corporates have entered into this business. They used to collect milk from the consumers, change them to suit the statutory requirements, pocket and sell them, under their individual brand names.
(ii) As per the provisions of the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 persons pocketing the milk for sale, have to get themselves registered with the authorities, for collecting the milk and they should get FSSAI licence from the food safety authorities, in respect of quality of the milk, they sell. The authorities are also collecting samples from the market, periodically and if any deficiencies come to their notice, they used to take action against the companies.
(iii) In Tamil Nadu, the following companies are marketing the milk pockets under different brand names and the details are as follows:
S.No. Name of the company Brand name
1 Thirumala Milk Products Pvt. Ltd, Thirumala
2 Heritage Foods Pvt. Ltd., Heritage
3 Hatsun Agro Products Ltd., Arokya milk
4 Dodla Dairy Ltd., Dodla
5 A.R.Dairy Food Private Ltd. Raaj milk
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W.P.No.14288 of 2017
6 Parag Milk Foods Pvt. Ltd, GO Milk
7 Aasai Food Products Ltd., Aasai
8 Nutra Numax Food Pvt. Ltd., Nutra
9 Amirtha Dairy Pvt. Ltd., Amirtha
10 Sri Chakra Milk Products LLP., Chakra milk
11 KC Milk Products KC Milk
12 GK Dairy Tamil Milk
13 Tamil Nadu Co-op Milk Producers’ Aavin
Federation Ltd.,
(iv) Apart from the abovestated private companies, T.N. State Government have established a milk cooperative society, which is the 16th respondent herein viz., Tamilnadu Co-op Milk Producers' Federation Ltd., Chennai and it is also selling the milk, in pockets with the brand name Aavin. While Aavin has the market share of about 20%, the other private companies have the market share of the balance. In the above circumstances, on 24.5.2017, the Hon'ble Minister, in charge of dairy development has met the press, and gave a statement, saying that the milk marketed by the private companies, contain formaldehyde which is a harmful substance, and it would cause cancer to the consumers. He has also stated that samples have been taken by the authorities, and that they have been sent to the laboratories for analysis.
(v) On the next day, he gave an interview to the television channels reiterating the same. Subsequently, he has challenged others who deny http://www.judis.nic.in 5/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 such accusation. Hence, by his firm stand on his statement, as to the impurity of the milk sold, in the market and health effect, he has informed the general public that the private branded milks are not safe.
He has also stated that the authorities had taken sample of the milk, and sent them, to a laboratory in Mysore for analysis. But Times of India, a newspaper has subsequently reported that samples were not sent to the Central laboratory, Pune in recent times. For a long time, there are also allegations that milk marketed under the brand name Aavin contains, urea. The milk which contains a foreign substance, such as pesticide, urea is termed as “unsafe milk”.
(vi) Milk is an essential food item which is consumed not only by adults, but also by the children, including the just born, and those suffering from diseases. The firm statement of the Hon’ble Minister, has created a sense of alarm in the mind of public about the safety of their health. In Tamil Nadu, private suppliers of milk pockets have a market share of about 80%. According to the petitioner, if the adulterated and unsafe milk is permitted to be sold even after the Hon’ble Minister's assertion that they are adulterated and consumption causes cancer, it is against the health and safety of the people.
(vii) Petitioner has contended that in these circumstances, the http://www.judis.nic.in 6/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 authorities should have acted on a war footing and taken corrective steps to protect the health of public. But, even after the expiry of about 10 days, Government have not taken any remedial steps, so far. Silence of the authorities, even after the categorical statement by the concerned Hon'ble Minister raises a strong suspicion that the authorities are keeping quiet, for an ulterior motive.
3. Petitioner has further contended that though, he has sent a representation dated 01.06.2017 to the respondents 1 to 3, received by them on 02.06.2017, till date, inspite of an imminent and real threat to the health of general public, the authorities have not taken any action.
Left with no other alternative, petitioner has filed the instant writ petition for the above said relief.
4. On 05.06.2017, when the matter came up for hearing, a Hon'ble Division Bench of this Court, has ordered as follows:
"Mr.M.K.Subramanian, learned Government Pleader accepts notice for respondents 1 and 2 and seeks time to file the status report.
Status report be filed with regard to the steps taken for implementation of Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, particularly in relation to the allegation of adulteration of milk meant for children.
Needless to mention that strong action will be taken against those found guilty of adulteration of milk.
List on 19.06.2017."
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5. Commissioner of Food Safety, Chennai, the 2nd respondent has filed a detailed affidavit, wherein she has stated that the Government, 1st respondent herein have issued the following directions to the Commissioner of Food Safety and Drug Administration, Chennai-6, 2nd respondent herein for checking the menace of adulterated Milk:-
(a) to inform owners of dairy, dairy operators and retailers working in the State that if chemical adulterants like pesticides, caustic soda and other chemicals are found in the milk, then stringent action will be taken on the State Dairy Operators or retailers or all the persons involved in the same;
(b) to identify high risk areas (where there is greater presence of petty food manufacturer / business operator, etc.) and times (near festivals etc.) when there is risk of ingesting adulterated milk or milk products due to environmental and other factors and greater number of food samples should be taken from those areas;
(c) to ensure that there is adequate lab testing infrastructure and ensure that all labs have / obtain NABL accreditation to facilitate precise testing and all the well-equipped with the technical persons and testing facilities;
(d) to undertake special measures for sampling of milk and milk products, including spot testing through Mobile Food Testing Vans equipped with primary testing kits for conducting qualitative test of http://www.judis.nic.in 8/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 adulteration in food;
(e) to conduct snap short surveys periodically
(f) to curb milk adulteration, an appropriate State Level Committee headed by the Chief Secretary or the Secretary of Dairy Department and D strict Level Committee headed by the concerned District Collector shall be constituted and to take the review of work done to curb the milk adulteration in the district and in the State by the authorities;
(g) to prevent adulteration of milk, the concerned Department shall set up a website thereby specifying the functioning and responsibilities of food safety authorities and also creating awareness about complaint mechanisms. In the website, the contact details of the Joint Commissioners including the Food Safety Commissioners shall be made available for registering the complaints on the said website and also have and maintain toll free telephonic and online complaint mechanism;
(h) in order to increase consumer awareness about ill effects of milk adulteration as stipulated in section 18(1 )(f) of the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 (Central Act 34 & 2006) the States / Food Authority and the Commissioner of Food Safety shall inform the general public of the nature of risk to health and create awareness of Food Safety and Standards. They should also educate school children by conducting workshops and teaching them easy methods for detection of http://www.judis.nic.in 9/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 common adulterants in food, keeping in mind indigenous technological innovations (such as milk adulteration detection strips, etc.); and
6. In the counter affidavit, Commissioner of Food Safety, Chennai, the 2nd respondent, has stated that further in G.O.(D) No.1293, Health and Family Welfare Department, dated 15.06.2017, the Government have issued orders reconstituting State Level Steering Committee / District Level Steering Committee for ensuring availability of safe and wholesome food by including the Principal Secretary, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries Department, Director of Milk Production and Dairy Development and Deputy Registrar (Dairying) in the respective Committees as detailed below.
State Level Steering Committee:-
i Chief Secretary Chair Person ii Principal Secretary, Health and Family Member Welfare Department iii. Principal Secretary, Animal Husbandry, Member Dairying and Fisheries Department iv. Commissioner of Food Safety and Drug Member / Convener Administration V. Director of Milk Production and Dairy Member vi. Secretary, Municipal Administration and Member Water Supply vii. Secretary, Rural Development and Member Panchayat Raj viii. Managing Director, Sago Serve, Salem Member http://www.judis.nic.in 10/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 ix. Designated Officer, Food Safety and Member Standards Authority of India, Chennai X. Representative from FICCI of local Member chapters of Chennai Region.
xi. Representative from Hotel’s Association Member xii. Representative from Grain Merchants Member Association.
xiii. Representative from Oil Merchants Member Association.
xiv. Representative from Consumer Member Association.
District Level Steering Committee:-
i) District Collector Chair Person
ii) Deputy Director of Health Services Member
iii) Deputy Registrar (Dairying) Member
iv) Designated Officer Member/
Convener
v) Commissioner, Municipality / Corporation Member
vi) District Project Officer ICDS Member
vii) Assistant Director, District Panchayat Member
viii) Representative from District Hotel Association Member
ix) Representative from other Food Business Member Operator’s.
x) Representative from Consumer Association Member
7. Commissioner of Food Safety, Chennai, the 2nd respondent, has further stated that with regard to the steps taken particularly in relation to the allegation of adulteration of Milk, the following activities have been taken in respect of Milk and Milk Products samples by the Food Safety and Drug http://www.judis.nic.in 11/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 Administration Department 2nd respondent herein:-
Activities of Milk and Milk Products Sampling
1. Routine Milk and Milk product sampling (05.08.2011 to 31.05.2017)
(a) Milk sampling
(b) Milk products sampling
2. National Milk quality survey (28.11.2016 to 07.12.2016)
3. EMAT - (Electronic Milk Adulteration Testing)
(a) EMAT - at FAL, Guindy (04.01.2017 to 09.03.2017)
(b) EMAT at Tiruvallur District (20.03.2017 to 27.03.2017)
4. Fresh Milk Samples lifted from (01.02.2017 to 31.03.2017)
5. Action taken based on complaints.
I. ROUTINE MILK AND MILK PRODUCT SAMPLING
(a) Milk ACT - MILK SAMPLES ANALYSED AND RESULT FROM 05.08.2011 TO 31.05.2017 SI. Name of the No Analysed Safe Unsafe Substandard Misbranded District 1 Ariyalur 3 3 0 0 0 2 Chennai 35 32 0 3 0 3 Coimbatore 47 28 0 19 0 4 Cuddalore 21 20 0 1 0 5 Dharmapuri 16 14 0 2 0 6 Dindigul 91 70 0 13 8 7 Erode 52 40 0 12 0 8 Kancheepuram 27 27 0 0 0 9 Kanyakumari 2 2 0 0 0 10 Karur 24 19 0 5 0 11 Krishnagiri 31 22 0 4 5 12 Madurai 19 15 0 2 2 13 Nagapattinam 17 14 0 2 1 14 Namakkal 37 30 0 7 0 15 Perambalur 7 7 0 0 0 http://www.judis.nic.in 12/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 16 Pudukottai 10 10 0 0 0 17 Ramanathapuram 26 19 0 7 0 18 Salem 58 43 0 15 0 19 Sivaganga 7 7 0 0 0 20 Thanjavur 25 17 0 8 0 21 The Nilgiris 7 5 0 1 1 22 Theni 9 7 0 2 0 23 Thiruvallur 41 38 0 2 1 24 Thiruvannamalai 23 21 0 1 1 25 Thiruvarur 15 12 0 3 0 26 Thirunelveli 28 16 0 10 2 27 Tiruppur 24 15 0 8 1 28 Trichirapalli 29 25 0 0 4 29 Tuticorin 47 44 0 3 0 30 Vellore 43 36 0 4 3 31 Villupuram 40 20 0 17 3 32 Virudhunagar 25 21 0 4 0 Total 886 699 0 155 32 Milk samples were lifted from all 32 Districts, 886 samples lifted and analysed. Out of which, no samples were found unsafe and 187 samples were found substandard and misbranded. Number of cases launched 143 and convicted 81, penalty imposed Rs. 10,26,300/-
Sub standard - Dilution with water, addition of vegetable fats less fat / SNF etc., Misbranded - Labeling mistakes, ingredients not mentioned best before dated not printed etc.,
(b) Milk Products ACT - MILK PRODUCTS SAMPLES ANALYSED AND RESULT FROM 05.08.2011 TO 31.05.2017 SI. Name of the No Analysed Safe Unsafe Substandard Misbranded District 1 Ariyalur 4 4 0 0 0 2 Chennai 44 19 3 22 0 3 Coimbatore 33 15 3 15 0 4 Cuddalore 10 8 0 1 1 http://www.judis.nic.in 13/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 5 | Dharmapuri 3 3 0 0 0 6 Dindigul 40 21 1 14 4 7 Erode 23 9 2 12 0 8 Kancheepuram 5 0 0 2 3 9 Kanyakumari 8 8 0 0 0 10 Karur 13 11 0 2 0 11 Krishnagiri 10 6 0 2 2 12 Madurai 12 6 0 4 2 13 Nagapattinam 1 1 0 0 0 14 Namakkal 2 1 0 1 0 15 Perambalur 4 3 0 0 1 16 Pudukottai 5 3 0 0 2 Ramanathapura 7 0 17 m 5 0 2 18 Salem 19 12 0 7 0 19 Sivaganga 1 0 0 1 0 20 Thanjavur 6 4 0 0 2 21 The Nilgiris 9 6 0 2 1 22 Theni 2 2 0 0 0 23 Thiruvallur 2 1 0 0 1 Thiruvannamala 1 1 24 i 0 0 0 25 Thiruvarur 2 1 0 1 0 26 Thirunelveli 5 5 0 0 0 27 Tiruppur 10 3 0 5 2 28 Trichirapalli 11 10 1 0 0 29 Tuticorin 8 8 0 0 0 30 Vellore 11 6 0 5 0 31 Villupuram 24 11 1 8 4 32 Virudhunagar 3 3 0 0 0 Total 338 195 11 106 26 Unsafe - Biological contamination like E.coli, Yeast, Mould, Synthetic colour, extraneous matter like hair etc., Sub standard - Dilution with water, addition of vegetable fats less fat / SNF etc., Misbranded - Labeling mistakes, ingredients not mentioned best before dated not printed etc., http://www.judis.nic.in 14/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 Milk product samples were lifted from all 32 Districts, 338 samples lifted and analysed. Out of which, 11 samples were found unsafe and 132 samples were found substandard and misbranded. Number of cases launched 83 and convicted 56, penalty imposed Rs. 6,00,500/-.
Out of 11 unsafe samples of milk products 6 samples are due to the presence of colours Tartrazine - 3, Rhodamine - 2 Carmoisine-1. In the remaining 5 samples with micro organism Coliform-3, Detergent-1, Yeast and mould-1.
II. National Milk Quality Survey As per instructions of Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, New Delhi for National Milk Survey - 2016, the Commissioner of Food Safety and Drug Administration 2nd respondent herein gave instructions to Designated Officers and Food Safety Officers of 8 Cities to conduct Milk quality survey for the period from 28th November to 07th December 2016.
Accordingly, the Survey was conducted in 8 cities viz., Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Salem, Ambattur, Tirunelveli and Hosur The milk samples lifted was sent to Food Laboratories at Guindy, Coimbatore, Madurai, Palayamkottai, Thanjavur and Salem for testing.
The details of Milk samples lifted and analysed and their results are furnished below:-
S.No. Name of City Name of Lab. No.of
Analysed samples
lifted Results
US SS MB CS
1 Chennai Chennai 32 0 10 0 22
2 Coimbatore Coimbatore 12 0 2 0 10
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3 Madurai Madurai 14 0 5 0 9
4 Tiruchirapalli Thanjavur 11 2 4 0 5
5 Salem Salem 13 0 0 0 13
6 Ambattur Chennai 9 0 0 0 9
7 Tirunelveli Palayamkottai 9 0 1 0 8
8 Hosur Salem 6 0 0 0 6
Total 106 2 22 0 82
* US- Unsafe, SS-Substandard, MB-Misbranded, CS-Confirm to Standard US - 2 (1.Detergent, 2. Neutralizer) Out of 106 Milk samples tested.
-- 2 samples reported as unsafe, instruction given to Designated Officer, Tiruchirapalli District to lift Act samples.
-- 22 samples reported as Substandard, instruction given to Designated Officer of 5 Districts to issue improvement notice.
-- 82 samples reported as conform to standards.
(III) EMAT (Electronic Milk Adulteration Testing)
(a) EMAT at FAL Guindy (04.01.2017 to 09.03.2017) The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), New Delhi has supplied an equipment for mobile / spot testing in the filed with the above said equipment. The equipment was supplied to Food Analysis Laboratory (FAL), Guindy on 04.01.2017. 20 milk samples received from Chennai District were tested in the above said equipment. The details are furnished below:-
S.No. Samples No.
details lifted RESULT
US SS MB CS
1 Act 7 0 0 0 7
2 Surveillance 2 1 1 0 0
3 Private 8 0 0 0 8
4 Hospital 3 0 0 0 3
Total 20 1 1 0 18
US - 1 E.coli present
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(b) EMAT at Thiruvallur District (20.03.2017 to 27.03.2017) The Electronic Milk Adulteration Testing (EMAT) equipment has been transferred to Food Analysis Laboratory, Guindy to Tiruvallur District to test fresh milk samples during March 2017. The milk samples from Perambakkam, Thiruvallur Municipality, RK pet and Pallipet were tested. The details of milk samples tested are given below:-
S.No. Samples details No. tested RESULT US SS MB CS Cow Milk 56 56 1 0 0 0 Buffalo Milk 5 5 2 0 0 0 3 Full Cream Milk 1 0 0 0 1 Total 62 0 0 0 62 (IV) Fresh samples lifted as per the instruction of the Food Safety Commissioner (01.02.2017 to 31.03.2017) The Designated Officer of Vellore, Thiruchirapalli, Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Madurai and Ramanathapuram has lifted 32 surveillance samples and detailed are furnished below:-
S.No. Number Result
Name of the District lifted awaited Result
US ss MB cs
1 Madurai 13 0 0 0 0 13
2 Ramanathapuram 10 0 0 3 0 7
3 Thanjavur 4 2 0 2 0 0
4 Thiruvarur 2 0 0 2 0 0
5 Thiruchirapalli 2 0 0 1 0 1
6 Vellore 1 0 0 0 0 1
Total 32 2 0 8 0 22
Sub standard - Dilution with water, addition of vegetable fats less fat / SNF etc., http://www.judis.nic.in 17/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 V. Action taken based on complaints.
Apart from the above, as and when public complaints are received, inspection made and samples lifted by the Food Safety Officers.
The Food Safety Officers / Designated Officers are regularly monitoring and ensure the quality of Milk.
8. Thus, from the perusal of the detailed counter affidavit, we are of the view that steps have been taken and there is no need to issue a mandamus.
However, the official respondents are directed to ensure food safety in respect of milk and milk products and in that context, we observe that there should be periodical inspection and in the event of any violation of Food Safety and Standards Rules, 2011, appropriate action be taken.
9. With the above directions, writ petition is disposed of. No costs.
Consequently, the connected writ miscellaneous petition is closed.
[S.M.K., J.] [S.P., J.] 31.07.2019 Index: Yes/No. Internet: Yes Speaking / Non-speaking Order ars http://www.judis.nic.in 18/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 To
1. The Secretary to Government, Health Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, Fort St. George, Chennai - 9.
2. The Director of Food Safety, Government of Tamil Nadu, Fort St. George, Chennai - 9.
3. The Commissioner, Milk Development, Milk Colony Road, Madhavaram, Chennai - 51.
4. The Managing Director, Tamil Nadu Co-op Milk Producers' Federation Ltd., Milk Colony Road, Kannadasan Road, Ganapathy Nagar, Madhavaram, Chennai - 51 http://www.judis.nic.in 19/20 W.P.No.14288 of 2017 S.MANIKUMAR, J.
AND SUBRAMONIUM PRASAD, J.
ars W.P.No.14288 of 2017 and WMP No.15483 of 2017 31.07.2019 http://www.judis.nic.in 20/20