Legal Document View

Unlock Advanced Research with PRISMAI

- Know your Kanoon - Doc Gen Hub - Counter Argument - Case Predict AI - Talk with IK Doc - ...
Upgrade to Premium
[Cites 16, Cited by 6]

Madras High Court

M/S.Jagannathan Sailaja Chitta vs The Income Tax Officer on 15 February, 2019

Author: Vineet Kothari

Bench: Vineet Kothari

                               IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS

                                                 DATED :: 15-02-2019

                                                       CORAM

                                  THE HON'BLE DR.JUSTICE VINEET KOTHARI

                                                        AND

                                 THE HON'BLE MR.JUSTICE C.V.KARTHIKEYAN

                                                 T.C.A.No.142 of 2019

                      M/s.Jagannathan Sailaja Chitta       ...      Appellant

                                                         -vs-

                      The Income Tax Officer,
                      International Taxation 2 (2),
                      Chennai - 34.                        ...      Respondent



                                   Appeal under Section 260A of the Income Tax Act,1961,
                      against the order of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, Chennai 'A' Bench,
                      dated 27.09.2017, passed in ITA No.1207/Mds/2017.

                                   For Appellant : Mr.R.Sivaraman

                                   For Respondent : Mr.Karthik Ranganathan,
                                                   Senior Standing Counsel,
                                                   assisted by Mr.S.Rajesh,
                                                   Standing Counsel.


                                                                                          1 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                                    JUDGMENT
                            (Judgment of the Court was delivered by Dr.Vineet Kothari,J.)

                                   The Assessee, namely, M/s.Jagannathan Sailaja Chitta,

                      Chennai, has filed this Appeal under Section 260-A of the Income Tax

                      Act,1961, in short, 'Act', assailing the order passed by the Income Tax

                      Appellate    Tribunal,    in   short,   'Tribunal'   on    27.09.2017     in

                      I.T.A.No.1207/Mds.2017, against the Assessee for the Assessment Year

                      2012-2013, whereby the learned Tribunal upheld the order of the

                      Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals), in short, 'CIT (A)', holding that the

                      'Guidance Value' as per Section 50C of the Act, as determined by the State

                      Government, could be adopted as the 'Fair Market Value' for sale

                      consideration for imposition of Capital Gains Tax on the Assessee on the

                      sale of property by her during the relevant Assessment Year.



                                   2. The Appellant/Assessee has raised the following Substantial

                      Questions of Law :

                                        (i) Whether on the facts and in the circumstances
                                  of the case, the learned Income Tax Appellate Tribunal
                                  was justified in adopting the fair market value under
                                  Section 50C of the Income Tax Act, without

                                                                                            2 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                 considering the objections of the Assessee with regard
                                 to fair market value of the property sold by the
                                 Assessee during the relevant Assessment Year 2012-
                                 2013, based on the report of the Departmental
                                 Valuation Officer as well as against the presumptive
                                 value of the capital asset as per Section 50C of the
                                 Act ?
                                         (ii)   Whether   on   the   facts   and   in   the
                                 circumstances of the case, the Appellate Authorities
                                 themselves could decide the objections of the Assessee
                                 or should have remitted the matter back to the
                                 Assessing Authority for the said purpose ?”


                                  3. The Assessee also claimed exemption under Section 54F of

                      the Act on account of reinvestment of the sale consideration in acquisition

                      of the new property.

                                  4. The issue raised before this Court in the present appeal by

                      the learned counsel for the Assessee is that the sale consideration of the

                      property in question, as disclosed by the Assessee, was Rs.17,09,80,000/- in

                      the three 'Documents of Sale' executed in the year 2011, the details of

                      which are given in Paragraph 5 of the order of the Tribunal, showing that

                      for the sale consideration of Rs.17,09,80,000/-, the value adopted by the

                                                                                              3 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      Stamp Value Authority was Rs.19,70,85,992/- as per Section 50C of the Act

                      and thus a difference amount of Rs.2,61,05,992/- was added to levy Capital

                      Gains Tax by CIT (A) for the first time and without considering the

                      question of Section 54F , the said valuation under Section 50C was adopted

                      by CIT (A), which was upheld by the Tribunal in the impugned order. The

                      Tribunal, however, gave relief under Section 54F of the Act in the said

                      valuation under Section 50C of the Act.



                                  5. Learned counsel for the Assessee, relying upon a decision of

                      the Delhi High Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax v.

                      Khoobsurat Resorts (P) Ltd., (2012) 28 Taxmann.com 93 (Delhi), has

                      submitted that the Assessee had raised objections against the higher

                      valuation and sought for fresh valuation of the said property by his letter,

                      dated 10.03.2015, under Section 142A of the Act from Departmental

                      Valuation Officer (DVO), but, since the assessment was getting time barred,

                      the assessment was completed by the Assessing Authority on 30.03.2015,

                      adopting the aforesaid stamp duty valuation on 'Guidance Value' and on

                      which the difference of stamp duty was even paid by the Buyer and when



                                                                                            4 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      the matter was taken before CIT (A), thereafter, for the first time, before

                      CIT (A) only, the Assessing Authority produced the said Departmental

                      Valuation Officer (DVO)'s Report, valuing the said property at even still

                      higher amount of Rs.27,36,04,000/-. The Assessee raised objections before

                      CIT (A) against such higher valuation and the same, as quoted in the order,

                      dated 27.03.2017, of the learned CIT (A), are as follows :

                                 Objections of Assessee :
                                        “The following aspects of the property brought
                                 down its value as compared to the Stamp Duty Value for
                                 retail plots adopted by the stamp duty authority :
                                        5. ECR Link Road was sluggish and the
                                 connecting roads to ECR were not complete and were in
                                 progress during the year of sale. These Road were
                                 completed fully only during 2012-13. Hence adopting
                                 the value of fully completed connected roads with that of
                                 unconnected roads for computing the stamp value is
                                 incorrect.
                                        6.    There   were   no   housing    project   and
                                 commercial project started up to 2012 on either side of
                                 ECR Link Road. It is to state that there were open lands
                                 only. Hence the place was completely underdeveloped.
                                 However the values adopted were of retail plots after the


                                                                                             5 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                          land was developed which is unfair.
                                7. The guideline rate published by government
                          from 2007 to 2012 was Rs.1000/- per sq. feet all through
                          these years. The guideline was revised upwards at the
                          end of 2012 and the rate specified is Rs.1500/- per
                          square feet in the said location. Hence the value before
                          2012 should be adopted.


                                8. The entire parcel of land to the extent of 3.32
                          acres was sold by three sale deeds at the same date -
                          28th April 2011. The land being underdeveloped the
                          guideline rate prescribed by the government for the
                          developed saleable land cannot be a yard-stick for
                          valuing the underdeveloped large parcel of land.


                          II. In this regard we reply on the decision of the Hon'ble
                          Delhi High Court in the case of CIT vs. Khoobsurat
                          Resorts (P.) Ltd. (2012) 28 taxmann.com 93. It was
                          held in para 15 as under :
                                   'This court is of the opinion that the
                             express provision of Section 50-C enabling the
                             revenue to treat the value declared by an
                             assessee for payment of stamp duty, ipso fact,
                             cannot be a legitimate ground for concluding
                             that there was undervaluation, in the
                             acquisition of immovable property. If
                             parliamentary intention was to enable such a

                                                                                       6 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                             finding, a provision akin to Section 50-C would
                             have been included in the statute book, to
                             assess income on the basis of a similar fiction
                             in the case of the assessee who acquires such
                             an asset. No doubt, the declaration of a higher
                             cost for acquisition for stamp duty might be the
                             starting point for an inquiry in that regard; that
                             inquiry might extend to analyzing sale or
                             transfer contemporaneously at the time of
                             transaction. Yet, the finding cannot start and
                             conclude with the fact that such stamp duty
                             value or basis is higher than the consideration
                             mentioned in the deed. The compulsion for
                             such higher value, is the mandate of the
                             Stamp Act, and provisions which levy stamp
                             duty at pre-determined or notified dates. In the
                             present case, the revenue did not rely on any
                             objection fact or circumstances; consequently,
                             the Court holds that there is no infirmity in the
                             approach of the lower authorities and the
                             Tribunal, granting relief to the assessee. This
                             question is accordingly answered in favour of
                             the assessee, and against the revenue.'

                          III. Without prejudice to the above, the difference
                          between the value adopted by the appellant and the
                          Stamp Valuer is Rs.18052 per square feet which is only
                          15% of the guideline value. Considering the larger size
                          of the land, the margin of 15% can be allowed since the
                          value of retail plots was adopted as comparable.


                          Findings of CIT (Appeals) :


                                                                                    7 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                The appellant's above contentions along with
                          reliance on case laws referred above have been
                          carefully considered. I find that the case laws referred
                          are squarely distinguishable on facts and accordingly,
                          the appeal is adjudicated on this issue. The appellant
                          has raised the ground of appeal that the AO has erred in
                          adding Rs.2,61,05,992/- as the difference between the
                          sale consideration shown and the value adopted by the
                          stamp value authority u/s.50C in computing capital
                          gains. The AR contended that when the AO issued Show
                          Cause notice as to why the difference between the sale
                          consideration shown and the value adopted by the stamp
                          value authority should not be added back, in a reply to
                          the Show Cause Notice, the appellant has submitted that
                          for the purpose of stamp duty, there was a dispute
                          between the buyer and the State Government and only
                          at the time of assessment proceedings, the assessee
                          came to know that the buyer had paid some extra
                          stamp duty to get the registration completed. However,
                          when the sale deed was executed, the consideration
                          money as stated in the sale deed was only received.
                          Hence, substituting the stamp value as the sale
                          consideration will be a gross injustice. During the
                          assessment proceedings, the assessee has requested AO
                          vide letter dated 10.03.2015 to carry out the valuation of

                                                                                       8 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                          the property by valuation officer u/s.142A of the Act.
                          However, the assessment was getting time barred on
                          31.03.2015 and by that time the valuation report was not
                          received by the AO. Accordingly, the AO considered the
                          sale consideration of the property at 50C value and
                          computed LTCG.       Therefore, the difference of sale
                          consideration as shown in the sale deed and the 50C
                          value of the property was added in computing the LTCG.
                          The appellant has filed the appeal against the order by
                          raising the grounds of appeal supra on the issue.
                          During the appeal proceedings, the AO has further
                          forwarded the valuation report dated 15.07.2015
                          determining the value of the property at 27,36,04,000/-
                          of the valuation officer. The copy of the valuation report
                          dated 15.07.2015 was handed over to the AR for his
                          comment on the issue. The AR contended that they have
                          raised objection before the DVO. Thereafter, the DVO
                          has passed the valuation report dated 15.07.2015
                          valuating the property at Rs.27,36,04,000/- and the
                          order of the DVO is incorrect and cannot be adopted as
                          it exceeds the stamp duty value. I have given careful
                          consideration to the assessee's objection (sic !) raised
                          before the DVO.      From the valuation report, it is
                          apparent that the DVO has given careful consideration


                                                                                       9 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                 to the assessee's objection raised before him and
                                 accordingly arrived to a value of the property at
                                 Rs.27,36,04,000/-.   Moreover,   statute   provision   of
                                 sec.50C (2) r.w.s. 50C (3) has a mandate that subject to
                                 the provision contained in sub-section (2), where the
                                 value ascertained under sub-section (2) exceeds the
                                 value adopted or assessed or assessable by the Stamp
                                 Valuation Authority referred to in sub-section (1), the
                                 value so adopted or assessed or assessable by such
                                 authority shall be taken as the full value of the
                                 consideration received or accruing as a result of the
                                 transfer.   Accordingly, I confirm the action of the
                                 assessing officer adopting 50C value of the property as
                                 the sale consideration for computing the capital gain.
                                 The ground of appeal on this issue is dismissed.”
                                  6. The Assessee insisted before CIT (A) that sale value

                      declared in the sale deed was the fair market value of the property in

                      question and, therefore, not only the valuation given by the Departmental

                      Valuation Officer could not be adopted for imposition of Capital Gains Tax

                      nor the presumptive value under Section 50-C of the Act could be so

                      adopted.

                                  7. From the above quoted portions of the order of CIT (A), it


                                                                                             10 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      appears that CIT (A) had neither himself considered the objections of the

                      Assessee in detail nor did he choose to remit the matter back to the

                      Assessing Officer on that issue. Instead, the learned CIT (A) chose to

                      observe that since the Departmental Valuation Officer had 'carefully'

                      considered the objections of the Assessee and accordingly arrived at the

                      value of Rs.27,36,04,000/-, but he would still approve the 'Guidance Value'

                      under Section 50C of the Act, to be adopted by the Assessing Authority for

                      computing the Capital Gains Tax liability of the Assessee. The Tribunal

                      also dismissed the appeal of the Assessee in this regard and upheld the

                      'Guidance Value' as determined by the State Government for stamp duty

                      purposes as 'Fair Market Value' and         thus upheld the addition of

                      Rs.2,61,05,992/- in the declared sale value of the asset in the Sale Deeds.

                      The Tribunal, thus, adopted the said Fair Market Value under Section 50C

                      of the Act and directed the Assessing Authority to compute the relief under

                      Section 54F of the Act accordingly. The relevant Paragraphs 7.5 and 7.6 of

                      the order of the Tribunal, dated 27.09.2017, are quoted below for ready

                      reference :




                                                                                          11 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                 “7.5 With regard to full value of consideration as a
                          result of transfer of a capital asset, the provisions of
                          section 48 of the Act is very clear that the income
                          chargeable under the head "Capital gains" shall be
                          computed, by deducting from the full value of the
                          consideration received or accruing as a result of the
                          transfer of the capital asset. In this case, as per section
                          50C(1) of the Act, where the consideration received by
                          the assessee as a result of transfer of a capital asset,
                          being land, building or both, is less than the value
                          adopted or assessed by an authority of State
                          Government [Stamp Valuation Authority] for the
                          purpose of stamp duty, the value so assessed shall, for
                          the purpose of section 48 of the Act, be deemed to be the
                          full value of consideration received on such transfer.
                          Thus, the full value adopted for the purpose of
                          computation of capital gain tax as per the provisions of
                          section 45 r.w. section 50C of the Act was at
                          Rs.19,70,85,992/-, as determined by the Stamp Value
                          Authority. In the same scenario, for claiming the
                          exemption under section 54F of the Act from the capital
                          gain chargeable under section 45 of the Act, the full
                          value on transfer of asset should also be the same as
                          determined by the Stamp Value Authority and not less
                          than that. As explained in CIT v. Citi Bank N.A. [2003]
                          261 ITR 570 (Bom), the different provisions of Chapter
                          IV-E of the Act form part of one integrated code. The
                          same are to be read harmoniously and not disjointedly. A
                          deeming provision, it is trite law, is to be read in light of
                          the object of the provision and, further, is to be taken to
                          its logical end. When, for the purpose of computation
                          under section 48 of the Act, the full value of
                          consideration was taken as per section 50C of the Act,
                          the Assessing Officer was not justified in adopting the
                          sale consideration as admitted in the sale deed viz.,
                          Rs.17,09,80,000/-. Similar view has also been taken by
                          the Tribunal in ITO v. Kondal Reddy Mandal Reddy in

                                                                                          12 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                I.T.A. No. 848/Hyd/2015 dated 13.05.2016.

                                      7.6 In view of the foregoing, we direct the
                                Assessing Officer to adopt the full value on transfer of
                                asset as was determined under the provisions of section
                                50C of the Act, viz., Rs.19,70,85,992/- for allowing the
                                claim of exemption under section 54F of the Act.
                                Accordingly, the ground raised by the assessee is
                                allowed and the Assessing Officer is directed to
                                recompute the taxable income after allowing the claim
                                of exemption under section 54F of the Act.”


                                   8. Mr.Karthik Ranganathan, learned Senior Standing Counsel

                      for the Revenue, supported the impugned order of the Tribunal and urged

                      that the Assessing Authority and also the Appellate Authorities were bound

                      to adopt the valuation given as per 'Guidance Value' under Section 50C of

                      the Act and that the Assessing Authority did not have any discretion in the

                      matter in this regard.



                                   9. We have heard the learned counsel for the parties and given

                      our due consideration to the rival submissions and also the material

                      available on record.



                                   10. Section 50C of the Act, as it now stands after its

                                                                                           13 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      amendment by Finance Act, 2018, with effect from 01.04.2019, adding

                      Third Proviso to Section 50C (1), is quoted below for ready reference:


                                 “50C. Special provision for full value of consideration
                                 in certain cases. — (1) Where the consideration
                                 received or accruing as a result of the transfer by an
                                 assessee of a capital asset, being land or building or
                                 both, is less than the value adopted or assessed or
                                 assessable by any authority of a State Government
                                 (hereafter in this section referred to as the -stamp
                                 valuation authority) for the purpose of payment of stamp
                                 duty in respect of such transfer, the value so adopted or
                                 assessed or assessable shall, for the purposes of section
                                 48, be deemed to be the full value of the consideration
                                 received or accruing as a result of such transfer.


                                        Provided that where the date of the agreement
                                 fixing the amount of consideration and the date of
                                 registration for the transfer of the capital asset are not
                                 the same, the value adopted or assessed or assessable by
                                 the stamp valuation authority on the date of agreement
                                 may be taken for the purposes of computing full value of
                                 consideration for such transfer:


                                        Provided further that the first proviso shall apply
                                 only in a case where the amount of consideration, or a
                                 part thereof, has been received by way of an account
                                 payee cheque or account payee bank draft or by use of
                                 electronic clearing system through a bank account, on
                                 or before the date of the agreement for transfer.


                                       Provided also that where the value adopted or

                                                                                              14 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                          assessed or assessable by the stamp valuation authority
                          does not exceed one hundred and five percent of the
                          consideration received or accruing as a result of the
                          transfer, the consideration so received or accruing as a
                          result of the transfer shall, for the purposes of section
                          48, be deemed to be the full value of the consideration.”


                                  (2) Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-
                          section (1), where—


                                 (a) the assessee claims before any Assessing
                          Officer that the value adopted or assessed or
                          assessable] by the stamp valuation authority under sub-
                          section (1) exceeds the fair market value of the property
                          as on the date of transfer;
                                 (b) the value so adopted or assessed or
                          assessable] by the stamp valuation authority under sub-
                          section (1) has not been disputed in any appeal or
                          revision or no reference has been made before any other
                          authority, court or the High Court,


                          the Assessing Officer may refer the valuation of the
                          capital asset to a Valuation Officer and where any such
                          reference is made, the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3),
                          (4), (5) and (6) of section 16A, clause (i) of sub-section
                          (1) and sub-sections (6) and (7) of section 23A, sub-
                          section (5) of section 24, section 34AA, section 35 and
                          section 37 of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957 (27 of 1957),
                          shall, with necessary modifications, apply in relation to
                          such reference as they apply in relation to a reference
                          made by the Assessing Officer under sub-section (1) of
                          section 16A of that Act.
                                 Explanation 1.—For the purposes of this section,
                          -''Valuation Officer'' shall have the same meaning as in

                                                                                        15 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                 clause (r) of section 2 of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957 (27 of
                                 1957).
                                        Explanation 2.—For the purposes of this section,
                                 the expression -''assessable'' means the price which the
                                 stamp valuation authority would have, notwithstanding
                                 anything to the contrary contained in any other law for
                                 the time being in force, adopted or assessed, if it were
                                 referred to such authority for the purposes of the
                                 payment of stamp duty.


                                        (3) Subject to the provisions contained in sub-
                                 section (2), where the value ascertained under sub-
                                 section (2) exceeds the value adopted 1 [or assessed or
                                 assessable] by the stamp valuation authority referred to
                                 in sub-section (1), the value so adopted 1 [or assessed or
                                 assessable] by such authority shall be taken as the full
                                 value of the consideration received or accruing as a
                                 result of the transfer.”


                                  11. The Delhi High Court, in the case of CIT v. Khoobsurat

                      Resorts (P.) Ltd., referred to above, dealing with a similar question held in

                      our respectful opinion rightly and we fully agree with the same, that the

                      provisions of Section 50C of the Act only enable the Revenue to adopt the

                      Guidance Value declared by the State for payment of stamp duty, as the Fair

                      Market Value under Section 48 of the Act. But, that Guidance Value cannot,

                      ipso facto, be taken as the valuation for the purpose of computing Capital

                      Gains Tax liability in the hands of the assessee/seller. Sub-section (2) of


                                                                                              16 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      Section 50C of the Act itself provides for reference to Departmental

                      Valuation Officer if the Assessee objects to invoking of Section 50C (1) of

                      the Act. The relevant Paragraph 15 of the said judgment is quoted below for

                      ready reference :

                                          “15. This Court is of the opinion that the express
                                 provision of Section 50-C enabling the revenue to treat
                                 the value declared by an assessee for payment of stamp
                                 duty, ipso facto, cannot be a legitimate ground for
                                 concluding that there was undervaluation, in the
                                 acquisition of immovable property. If Parliamentary
                                 intention was to enable such a finding, a provision akin
                                 to Section 50-C would have been included in the statute
                                 book, to assess income on the basis of a similar fiction
                                 in the case of the assessee who acquires such an asset.
                                 No doubt, the declaration of a higher cost for
                                 acquisition for stamp duty might be the starting point
                                 for an inquiry in that regard; that inquiry might extend
                                 to analyzing sale or transfer deeds executed in respect
                                 of ITA 776/2011 Page 12 similar or neighbouring
                                 properties, contemporaneously at the time of the
                                 transaction. Yet, the finding cannot start and conclude
                                 with the fact that such stamp duty value or basis is
                                 higher than the consideration mentioned in the deed.


                                                                                               17 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                                The compulsion for such higher value, is the mandate of
                                the Stamp Act, and provisions which levy stamp duty at
                                pre-determined or notified dates. In the present case,
                                the revenue did not rely on any objective fact or
                                circumstances; consequently, the Court holds that there
                                is no infirmity in the approach of the lower authorities
                                and the Tribunal, granting relief to the assesse. This
                                question is accordingly answered in favour of the
                                assessee, and against the revenue.”
                                  12. In our considered opinion also, the Assessee's objections

                      against higher valuation by DVO as well as in terms of Section 50C of the

                      Act were never dealt with by any of the authorities including the Appellate

                      Authorities in the present case, firstly because, the objections could be

                      raised by the Assessee only before CIT (A), as the Assessing Authority

                      adopted the valuation as per Section 50C of the Act and produced Report of

                      DVO only before CIT (A). Even though a reference was made to the

                      Departmental Valuation Officer a few days prior to completion of

                      assessment on 30.03.2015 in terms of Section 50C (2) of the Act, since the

                      DVO's Report did not come forth before the assessment could be completed,

                      the same was confronted by the assessee for the first time only before CIT

                      (A). The objections raised by the assessee were never really considered by

                                                                                           18 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      CIT (A) nor did he choose to remit the matter back to the Assessing Officer

                      for that purpose. Thus, the presumptive value under Section 50C of the Act

                      giving rise to the additions to the extent of Rs.2,61,05,992/- to the declared

                      sale value, as disclosed by the assessee, was adopted by the Appellate

                      Authorities, without meeting the objections of the assessee at all. As such,

                      the presumption under Section 50C (1) of the Act, even though rebuttable in

                      law, was never allowed to be rebutted by the Assessee at all. The so called

                      'careful consideration' of objections by CIT (A) or by DVO himself is not

                      borne out at all on record and, therefore, nothing can be said about that.

                      But, in any case, the consideration of objections of the Assessee by the

                      Assessing/Appellate Authorities was a must to be undertaken exercise. But,

                      that was not done. In other words, the Departmental authorities failed to

                      meet the objections of the Assessee, which were raised before CIT (A) for

                      the first time at the appeal stage, but were never overruled by a speaking

                      order and the Guidance Valuation as per Section 50C (1) of the Act was

                      taken as a Gospel Truth against the disclosed and declared value of the sale

                      by the Assessee. This was not permitted in law.

                                   13. Why 'Guidance Value' under Section 50C (1) of the Act



                                                                                            19 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      should not be taken as a Gospel Truth and why Section 50C (2) provided for

                      reference to DVO in case an objection is raised by Assessee has another

                      reason too. The 'Guidance Value' fixed for stamp duty purposes is fixed by

                      the authority concerned, taking into account the location, current market

                      price of property in particular area etc., as a standard measure to iron out the

                      differences of personal factors, such as, sale in distress for meeting financial

                      emergency, sale to related parties and a host of such other factors. But, in

                      Income Tax Act, the concept of levy of tax on ''real income'' exists.

                      Therefore, Capital Gains Tax can also be levied on 'real' capital gains and

                      not on the presumptive capital gains. The need to determine a Fair Market

                      Value upon a fact finding exercise is a sine qua non. But, such fact finding

                      exercise by the Departmental authorities, be that Assessing Authority or

                      even the Appellate Authority, was not really undertaken in the present case

                      and that is where, failure and miscarriage of justice has occurred.

                                   14. It would be an insult to the honest tax payer to adopt an

                      assumed higher market value to impose Capital Gains Tax without allowing

                      him or her an opportunity to rebut even the legal presumption under Section

                      50C (1) of the Act, even though law itself provides for a further fact finding



                                                                                              20 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      exercise to be undertaken by reference to DVO under Section 50C (2) of the

                      Act and thereupon meeting the objections of the Assessee and allowing him

                      full opportunity to prove that the value declared in the sale deeds is the true

                      and fair Market Value of the Capital Asset and the actual consideration

                      received by him and, therefore, Capital Gains Tax can be imposed only on

                      that basis.

                                    15. It is undoubted that both the Appellate Authority and the

                      Assessing Authority, in law, had powers of a Civil Court also vide Section

                      131 of the Act and, therefore, the Valuation Report of Departmental

                      Valuation Officer as well as the presumption under Section 50C of the Act

                      about the Fair Market Value has to be treated as an evidence or a legal

                      presumption, which is open to be rebutted by the Assessee in accordance

                      with law.

                                    16. A bare reading of Scheme of Section 50C of the Act would

                      show that Assessee can object to presumptive value as per Section 50C (1)

                      and, therefore, it is only after hearing the objections of the Assessee, the

                      Fair Market Value of the Capital Asset as per 'Guidance Value' can be

                      determined by the authorities. The Assessee cannot be denied an



                                                                                             21 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      opportunity to raise his objections even against the presumptive Fair Market

                      Value under Section 50C (1) of the Act or Report of DVO under Section

                      50C (2) of the Act and the Assessing Authority or the Appellate Authorities,

                      whose powers are co-extensive with those of the Assessing Authority,

                      cannot refuse to meet those objections point by point.



                                  17. The Fair Assessment Procedure under the scheme of

                      assessment in the Income Tax Act has it at the root the principles of natural

                      justice and the same has not been denied by presumptive provisions, such as

                      Section 50C of the Act and several other provisions in the scheme of the

                      Act.

                                  18. In the present facts noted above, we are of the opinion that

                      CIT (A), where, for the first time, the Report of DVO came up, could either

                      deal with the objections of Assessee himself or remit the matter back to the

                      Assessing Authority for dealing with the said objections in an appropriate

                      and detailed manner. But, such an exercise does not seem to have been

                      undertaken by him in the present case.

                                  19. Therefore, we are constrained to remit the matter back to



                                                                                           22 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      the Assessing Authority even at this stage, even though belatedly, and allow

                      the Appeal of the Assessee for the said purpose. We, accordingly, allow

                      this Appeal and set aside the orders passed by the learned CIT (A) and also

                      the learned Tribunal and remit the matter back to the Assessing Authority to

                      decide both the questions about the valuation of the property to be taken

                      while dealing with the objections of the assessee against the Report of

                      Departmental Valuation Officer as well as the presumptive value under

                      Section 50C of the Act and then compute 'Fair Market Value' under Section

                      48 of the Act and the relief under Section 54F of the Act.

                                  20. In view of the above, the Substantial Questions of Law

                      framed above are answered in favour of the Assessee and against the

                      Revenue.

                                  21. Before parting, we may say, that for weighing the evidence

                      by the Assessing Authority, the Assessing Authority has the powers of a

                      Civil Court conferred upon him by virtue of Section 131 of the Act by way

                      of enforcing the attendance of any person, including any officer of a

                      banking company or examining him on oath, production of documents,

                      discovery and inspection, as the case may be. Therefore, while dealing with



                                                                                           23 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                      the aforesaid piece of evidence, namely, Departmental Valuation Officer's

                      Report or in allowing the Assessee to controvert the presumptive value

                      under Section 50C of the Act, the Assessing Authority can very well

                      exercise the said powers conferred upon him.

                                   22. With the above observations and directions, this Tax Case

                      Appeal is allowed. No costs.



                      Index : Yes                                     (V.K.,J.)     (C.V.K.,J.)
                      Internet : Yes                                          15-02-2019
                      Speaking Order

                      dixit




                      To

                      1.The Income Tax Officer,
                        International Taxation 2 (2),
                        Chennai - 34.

                      2.Income Tax Appellate Tribunal,
                        Chennai 'A' Bench,
                        Chennai.




                                                                                         24 of 25

http://www.judis.nic.in
                          DR.VINEET KOTHARI, J.

and C.V.KARTHIKEYAN, J.

dixit T.C.A.No.142 OF 2019 15-02-2019 25 of 25 http://www.judis.nic.in