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[Cites 18, Cited by 1]

Gujarat High Court

Deepak Nitrite Limited vs Regional Provident Fund Commissioner & on 3 April, 2017

Author: K.M.Thaker

Bench: K.M.Thaker

                 C/SCA/1313/2011                                         CAV JUDGMENT




                     IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

                        SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 1313 of 2011



         FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:


         HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.M.THAKER                                            Sd/-
         ===========================================================

         1     Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed                       YES
               to see the judgment ?

         2     To be referred to the Reporter or not ?                                YES

         3     Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of                    NO
               the judgment ?

         4     Whether this case involves a substantial question of                    NO
               law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of
               India or any order made thereunder ?

         ===========================================================
                        DEEPAK NITRITE LIMITED....Petitioner(s)
                                           Versus
           REGIONAL PROVIDENT FUND COMMISSIONER & 1....Respondent(s)
         ===========================================================
         Appearance:
         MR K.M. PATEL, SENIOR COUNSEL WITH MR VARUN K.PATEL,
         ADVOCATE for the Petitioner(s) No. 1
         MR AMRESH N PATEL, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 2
         MS E.SHAILAJA, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 1
         ===========================================================

             CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.M.THAKER

                                     Date : 03/04/2017


                                     CAV JUDGMENT

1. Heard   Mr.   K.M.   Patel,   learned   senior  1 HC-NIC Page 1 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT counsel with Mr. V.K. Patel, learned advocate for  the petitioner company and Ms. Shailaja, learned  advocate for the respondent P.F. Department. 

2. In   present   case,   the   petitioner   has  placed   under   challenge   order   dated   6.12.2010  passed   by   the   learned   Employees'   Provident   Fund  Appellate   Tribunal   and   the   order   dated   4.4.1996  passed   by   respondent   No.1   RPFC   in   exercise   of  powers   under   section   7­A   of   the   Employees'  Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act,  1952 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act').

3. By   his   order   dated   4.4.1996,   the  respondent   No.1   held   that   the   amounts   paid   in  name   and   style   of   'production   incentive'   would  fall within the purview of the term 'basic wages'  as   defined   and   contemplated   under   the   Act   and  consequently,   the   said   payments   liable   to   be  taken   into   account   for   calculating   contribution  payable   towards   provident   fund   and   other   funds  under the Act. 

2 HC-NIC Page 2 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT 3.1 Feeling   aggrieved   by   the   said   order  dated   4.4.1996,   present   petitioner   filed   appeal  before   the   learned   Appeal   Tribunal.   The   learned  Tribunal,   vide   its   order   dated   6.12.2010,  confirmed   the   said   decision   of   respondent   No.1  and   rejected   the   appeal   (ATA   No.926   (5)   2004)  filed by present petitioner.  

4. So   far   as   factual   background   is  concerned,   it   has   emerged   from   the   record   and  submissions   by   learned   advocates   for   the  petitioner   and   the   respondent   P.F.   Organization  that   the   petitioner   is   a   company   incorporated  under the Companies Act, 1956 and it is also an  establishment   covered   under   the   Act.   It   is  claimed   that   the   petitioner   is   an   exempted  undertaking/establishment   because   since   1973   it  has established and set up its own provident fund  trust.

4.1 The petitioner claims that its employees  are   paid   salary   as   well   as   other   benefits   and  other   perquisites   under   and   in   accordance   with  3 HC-NIC Page 3 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT settlements   arrived   at   between   the   workmen   /  union and the company.   It is also claimed that  one   of   such   settlements   was   arrived   at   in  September   1992   which   brought   in   operation  'production   incentive   scheme'.   It   is   further  claimed  that  the said  settlement  was  arrived  at  between the parties during pendency of Reference  No.10   of   1992   and   the   learned   Industrial  Tribunal,   after   considering   the   settlement,  passed   award   dated   2.9.1992   in   terms   of   the  settlement.  

4.2 It is further claimed that subsequently,  somewhere in May 1994, the respondent No.2 issued  notice   dated  12.5.1994   under  Section  7­A  of the  Act   on   the   ground   that   the   petitioner   had  committed   default   in   payment   of   provident   fund  contribution in respect of its employees inasmuch  as contribution in respect of the amounts paid to  the   employees   towards   so­called   production  incentives,  i.e.  in name  and style  of incentive  have not been paid.  

4 HC-NIC Page 4 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT 4.3 It   is   claimed   that   the   petitioner  opposed the notice by filing reply in July 1994.  It is also claimed that the petitioner placed on  record   before   the   respondent   No.1   relevant  material   /   documents   with   the   contention   and  explanation   that   the   demand   was   unjustified   and  production   incentive   would   not   come   within   the  purview  of the  term 'basic   wages'  defined  under  section 2(b) of the Act. However, the respondent  No.1   did   not   accept   the   said   reply   and  contentions   and   passed   order   dated   4.4.1996  holding, inter alia, that the amounts paid by the  petitioner   is   part   of   basic   wages   and   that,  therefore, contribution should be paid in respect  of   the   amount   paid   in   name   of   'production  incentive'.

4.4 Feeling aggrieved by such direction, the  petitioner had filed petition, i.e. Special Civil  Application   No.3554   of   1996   in   this   Court.   The  said petition came to be disposed of vide order  dated   15.10.2004   and   the   Court   relegated   the  5 HC-NIC Page 5 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT petitioner   to   statutory   remedy   under   the   Act,  i.e. appeal before the learned Tribunal.    4.5 The said appeal came to be dismissed by  the   learned   Tribunal   vide   order   dated   6.12.2010  whereby the learned Tribunal confirmed the order  passed by respondent No.1. It is against the said  order   dated   6.21.2010   passed   by   the   learned  Tribunal   that   the   petitioner   has   taken   out  present petition.  

5. Mr.Patel, learned senior counsel for the  petitioner submitted that the term 'basic wages'  is   defined   under   the   Act   and   by   virtue   of   the  said   definition   under   section   2(b)   of   the   Act,  'bonus' is expressly excluded from the purview of  the   term   'basic   wages'.   He   submitted   that  contribution   towards   provident   fund   and   other  funds   under   the   Act   is   required   to   be   made   in  respect of 'basic wages' and 'dearness allowance'  and not in respect of any other amounts paid to  the employees.  He also submitted that in case of  the   petitioner,   the   production   incentive   is  6 HC-NIC Page 6 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT introduced   by   way   of   settlement   between   the  workmen / union and the company and the learned  Tribunal has passed an award in terms of the said  settlement   which   provides,  inter   alia,   that   the  said production incentive is paid with the object  of achieving higher production and for increasing  productivity   by   providing   incentive   over   and  above   wages   payable   as   per   the   settlement.   He  also   submitted   that   by   virtue   of   the   provision  under   the   settlement,   it   is   an   agreed   and  accepted   term   that   the   amount   paid   by   way   of  production incentive would not attract provident  fund   and   that,   therefore,   the   demand   of   the  Provident   Fund   Department   for   contribution   in  respect   of   the   amount   paid   towards   production  incentive is unjustified and de hors  the Act. He  also   submitted   that   the   production   incentives  paid by the company to its employees are not paid  to all employees in all establishments / concerns  in   the   industry   covered   by   the   Act,   i.e.   it   is  not   uniform   payment   to   all   employees   in   all  concerns.  He also submitted that since bonus is  7 HC-NIC Page 7 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT expressly   excluded   from   the   purview   of   basic  wages,   the demand  and  decision   of the authority  is   misconceived   and   unjustified.   He   relied   on  clause   17   of   the   settlement   which   provides   for  payment   of   production   incentive.   He   also  submitted that the respondent No.1 has not dealt  with and/or decided the contentions raised by the  petitioner and the respondent No.1 passed cryptic  order   without   dealing   with   and   deciding   the  contentions   raised   by   the   petitioner.   He   also  submitted   that   the   respondent   No.1   erred   in  construing clause 17 in holding that such amount  is   liable   for   contribution.   Learned   senior  counsel for the petitioner further submitted that  respondent   No.1   erred   in   holding   that   the   said  incentive is nothing but part of regular wage. So  as   to   support   his   submissions,   learned   counsel  for   the   petitioner   relied   on   the   decisions   in  case of  Jay Engineering Works Ltd. vs. Union of   India   [AIR   1963   SC   1480],   The   Daily   Partap   vs.   The Regional Provident Fund Commissioner, Punjab,   Haryana,   Himachal   Pradesh   and   Union   Territory,   8 HC-NIC Page 8 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT Chandigarh   [AIR   1999   SC   2015],   TI   Cycles   of   India,   Ambattur   vs.   M.K.   Gurumani   &   Others   [(2001)   7   SCC   204],   Associated   Cement   Co.   Ltd.   vs.   R.M.   Gandhi,   Regional   Provident   Fund   Commissioner, Gujarat & Ors. [1991 (2) GLR 1286],   Manipal Academy of Higher Education vs. Provident   Fund Commissioner [(2008) 5 SCC 428]. 5.1 Per   contra   Ms.   Shailaja,   learned  advocate for the respondents submitted that there  is no error or illegality in the order passed by  respondent No.1 and/or in the order passed by the  learned Tribunal. She submitted that in light of  the decision by Hon'ble Apex Court in case of Jay   Engineering  and   the   decision   by   Hon'ble   Apex  Court in case of Delly Pratap, the claim of the  petitioner   is   not   sustainable   and   actually   the  amount   paid   allegedly   as   incentive   is   part   of  wages defined under Section 2(b) of the Act. She  further   submitted   that   in   his   order,   respondent  No.1   has   extensively   dealt   with   all   contentions  raised   by   the   petitioner   and   relevant   provision  9 HC-NIC Page 9 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT under   the   Scheme   as   well   as   the   decisions   on  which   the   petitioner   placed   reliance.   She  submitted   that   the   learned   Tribunal   has   also  considered   relevant   statutory   provision,   the  scheme   and   the   decisions   by   Hon'ble   Apex   Court  and   High   Court.   She   submitted   that   there   is   no  error   in   the   conclusion   and   decision   by  respondent   No.1   and/or   learned   Tribunal.     She  also  submitted  that  the petition  which  is taken  out   against   concurrent   decisions   by   respondent  No.1 and learned Tribunal does not deserve to be  entertained and that, therefore, the petition may  be rejected.

6. I   have   considered   rival   submissions   by  learned advocates for the contesting parties.   I  have   also   considered   the   order   passed   by  respondent   No.1   and   impugned   order   by   learned  Tribunal.   I   have   also   taken   into   account   the  decisions by Hon'ble Apex Court and Hon'ble High  Courts on which the contesting parties relied as  well   as   the   scheme   /   settlement   and   other  10 HC-NIC Page 10 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT material available on record.

7. From   rival   contentions   and   impugned  orders,  it has  emerged  that  present  dispute  and  the controversy on hand have arisen on account of  the 'production incentive scheme and productivity  linked wages' which is contained in clause 17 of  the settlement dated 6.8.1992.   According to the  petitioner, the amount paid under the said scheme  cannot   be considered  basic  wage  and such  amount  would fall under clause 2(b) of the Act and that,  therefore,   the   respondent   cannot   direct   the  petitioner to pay contribution in respect of the  said amount. 

7.1 The respondent, however, has claimed and  held   that   the   said   payment   would   fall   within  purview of Section 2(b) of the Act and therefore,  it is liable for contribution.  

7.2 So   as   to   support   their   respective  submissions,   learned   advocates   have   placed  reliance   on   certain   judicial   pronouncements.  11 HC-NIC Page 11 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT Therefore,   it would  be appropriate   to take  into  account   relevant   observations   by   Hon'ble   Apex  Court. 

8. Learned   advocate   for   the   petitioner  relied on the decision in case of Bridge and Roof   Company  (supra)  and   submitted   that   Hon'ble   Apex  Court   has   applied   principle   of   universality   and  he   emphasized   below   quoted   observations   by  Hon'ble Apex Court in the said decision: 

"It   seems   that   the   basis   of   inclusion   in   S.   6   and  exclusion in  cl. (ii) is  that whatever  is payable  in  all concerns and is earned by all permanent employees  is included for the purpose of contribution under S.6  but whatever is not payable by all concerns or may not  be earned by all employees of a concern is excluded for  the purposes of contribution."

8.1 From the said decision, learned advocate  for   the   petitioner   also   relied   on   below   quoted  observations:

"This brings us to the consideration of the question of  bonus, which is also an exception in cl. (ii).  Now the  word "bonus" has been used in this clause without any  qualification. Therefore, it would not be improper to  infer that when the word "bonus" was used without any  qualification   in   the   clause,   the   legislature   had   in  mind   every   kind   of   bonus   that   may   be   payable   to   an  employee.
... ... ... ... ... 
We are therefore of opinion that there is no reason why  12 HC-NIC Page 12 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT when the word "bonus" is used in cl. (ii) without any  qualifying   word,   it   should   not   be   interpreted   to  include   all   kinds   of   bonus   which   were   known   to  industrial   adjudication   before   1952   and   which   must  therefore, be deemed to be within the knowledge of the  legislature."

8.2 While   relying   on   above   quoted  observations   by   Hon'ble   Apex   Court   in   the  decision   in   case   of  Bridge   and   Roof   Company  (supra),   the   petitioner   overlooked   four   points  viz. (a) the system / method of payment of salary  in   the   petitioner   company   provides,  inter   alia,  payment of basic wage and dearness allowance and  some   other   benefits   /   perquisites   (hereinafter  referred to as 'the salary') to all employees in  accordance with the settlement with the union and  the   said   salary   is   different   and   distinct   from  the   disputed   'incentive'   prescribed   by   clause  17.01;     and   (b)   the   scheme,   i.e.   said   clause  17.01, interestingly, also guarantees, by virtue  of   sub­clause   (2)   of   clause   17.01,   'minimum  incentive'   which   should   be   paid   irrespective   of  level of production;  and (c) under clause 17.01  the   benefit   is   payable   to   the   workmen  13 HC-NIC Page 13 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT irrespective   of   their   attendance   or   absence  during   the   month   (for   which   amount   is   being  quantified) and the said clause does not restrict  payment   of   said   'incentive'   in   respect   of   only  few or specifically identified workmen who put­in  extra   work   /   labour   and/or   who   actively  contribute - by way of extra or additional work /  performance - for increasing output / for higher  or   increased   production   /   output   but   it   is  applicable   /   payable   to   all   workmen   who   are  covered   under   the   settlement;   and   (d)  observations   by   Hon'ble   Apex   Court   in   paragraph  No.12 of the said decision, which read thus: 

"12.   This   court   had   occasion   to   consider   production  bonus 1959 Supp (2) SCR 1012. (AIR 1959 SC 1095). It  was   pointed   out   that   "the   payment   production   bonus  depends upon production and is in addition to wages. ...  ... ... ... ... ... The core of such a plan is that there is a  base or a standard above which extra payment is earned  for   extra   production   in   addition   to   the   basic   wages  which   is   the   payment   for   work   up   to   the   base   or  standard Such a plan typically guarantees time wage up  to   the   time   represented   by   standard   performance   and  gives   workers   a   share   in   the   savings   represented   by  superior   performance.   The   scheme   in   force   in   the  Company is a typical scheme of production bonus of this  kind with a base or standard up to which basic wages as  time wages are paid and thereafter extra payments are  made for superior performance. This extra payment may  be called incentive wage and is also called production  bonus. In all such cases however the workers are not  hound to produce anything beyond the base or standard  that is set out. The performance may even fall below  the base or standard but the minimum basic wages will  14 HC-NIC Page 14 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT have   to   be   paid   whether   the   basic   or   standard   is  reached   or   not.  When   however   the   workers   produce  beyond   the   base   or   standard   what   they   earn   is   not  basic wages but production bonus or incentive wage. It  is this production bonus which is outside the definit  on   of   "basic   wages"   in   S.2(b),   for   reasons   which   we  have already given above. ... ... ..." 

Above   quoted   observations   clarify   that   the  payment of production bonus / incentive 'depends  on production' and is in addition to wages and in  effect   it   is   'incentive'   for   higher   production.  The  said  decision  also  clarifies  that  only  when  the   workmen   produce   beyond   the   base   or   minimum  standard   then   the   amount   earned   for   such  additional   or   increased   production   that   is   not  'basic wage' but 'incentive wage'.   8.3 Learned advocate for the petitioner also  relied   on   the   observations   by   Hon'ble   Court   in  case of TI Cycles of India, Ambattur (supra).  In  the   said   decision,   the   controversy   arose   with  reference   to   the   incentive   wages   and   the  definition   of the term  'wage'  under  the  Payment  of   Gratuity   Act.   In   the   said   decision,   Hon'ble  Apex   Court   compared   the   definition   of   the   term  'wage'   /   'basic   wage'   under   the   Provident   Fund  15 HC-NIC Page 15 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT Act   and   the   Payment   of   Gratuity   Act   and   after  considering   the   observations   by   Hon'ble   Apex  Court   in   case   of  Strawboard   Manufacturing   Co.  Ltd.   (supra)  as   well   as   in   case   of  Bridge   and  Roof Company (supra), Hon'ble Apex Court observed  that: 

"17. The Authorities were carried away by considering  that   the   bonus   is   payable   on   the   basis   of   output  equivalent   to   certain   pieces   per   man­day.   But   it   is  made clear in the scheme that each payment will be made  not on the basis of pieces of per man­day nor is it a  piece rate work for which wages are paid but it is an  additional incentive for payment of bonus in respect of  extra   work   done.     The   measure   of   extra   work   done   is  indicated by pieces and not wages as such that are paid  on that basis.  It is not that in respect of each piece  any wages are paid but altogether if certain number of  pieces   are   produced,   additional   incentive   will   be  payable   at   a   particular   rate.   Therefore,   the  authorities have completely missed scope of the scheme  and have incorrectly interpreted the same.  Inasmuch as  both   the   High   Court   and   the   authorities   have  incorrectly   understood   the   position   in   law   and   have  wrongly held  that the concept of wages  under the  Act  would include bonus and that even on facts the scheme  would   attract   Section   4(2)   of   the   Act.     Proviso   to  Section 4(2) of the Act is to the effect that in case  of   a   piece­rated   employee,   daily   wages   shall   be  computed   in   a   particular   manner   but   that   is   not   the  rate at which the wages are paid in the present case at  all.     Therefore,   Section   4(2)   of   the   Act   is   not  attracted in the case of the present scheme with which  we are concerned."

8.4 However, the petitioner overlooked below  quoted   observations   in   paragraph   No.16   of   the  said decision: 

"It was made clear that no incentive will be payable to  workmen   on   leave,   absent,   away   from   duty   or   on  holidays. The   minimum   performance   level   is   indicated  16 HC-NIC Page 16 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT in   each   sectional   incentive   table   and   below   which   no  incentive will be paid for any reason whatsoever.  If a  person works for more than one group during the month,  he will be awarded incentive as per the performance of  each group in the respective periods."

8.5 In present scheme on hand, there are no  qualifications.     Instead,   the   scheme   on   hand  guarantees 'minimum incentive'.  Besides this, in  present  case,  it has  emerged  from  the affidavit  by the union's Vice President that the so­called  'incentive'   is   paid,   in   case   of   petitioner  company, even to the workmen who are not present  on   account   of   privilege   leave,   sick   leave   and  casual   leave   it   is   only   in   case   of   absence  without  leave  that  the 'incentive'   is not paid.  Further   from   the   observations   in   said   decision,  it comes out that the scheme which was considered  in   the   said   decision   indicated   'minimum  performance   level   in   each   section   in   incentive  table'. The said scheme (considered in the cited  decision) also prescribed that any incentive will  not   be   paid   for   performance   below   the   minimum  performance   level   and   no   incentive   will   be  payable to workman on leave or absent / away from  17 HC-NIC Page 17 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT duty or for holidays. In present case the scheme  does not contain such conditions and consequently  even   during   the   period   when   production   is   less  so­called   'incentive'   has   to   be   paid   and   even  minimum guaranteed 'incentive' has to be paid. It  is   also   pertinent   that   the   scheme   in   the   cited  decision did not guarantee minimum incentive like  in present case.  

8.6 Learned advocate for the petitioner also  relied on the observations by Hon'ble Apex Court  in   case   of  Manipal   Academy   of   Higher   Education   (supra).   It   is   pertinent   that   in   the   said   case  the   issue   which   arose   for   consideration   before  Hon'ble   Apex   Court   was   whether   the   amount  received on encashment of earned leave would form  part   of   'basic   wage'   and   whether   it   would   fall  under Section 2(b) of the Provident Fund Act or  not. In the decision in case of  Manipal Academy   of   Higher   Education   (supra),   Hon'ble   Apex   Court  considered   the   case   of  Bridge   and   Roof   Company   (supra)  and   summarized,   in   following   words,   the  18 HC-NIC Page 18 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT principles   which   emerged   from   the   decision   in  case of Bridge and Roof Company (supra): 

"(a) Where   the   wage   is   universally,   necessarily   and  ordinarily   paid   to   all   across   the   board   such  emoluments are basic wages. 
(b) Where   the   payment   is   available   to   be   specially  paid to those who avail of the opportunity is not basic  wages.   By   way   of   example  it   was   held   that     overtime  allowance,   though   it   is   generally   in   force   in   all  concerns is not earned by all employees of a concern. 

It is also earned in accordance with the terms of the  contract of employment but because it may not be earned  by   all   employees   of   a   concern,   it   is   excluded   from  basic wages. 

(c)  Conversely,   any   payment   by   way   of   a   special  incentive or work is not basic wages." Thus,   for   being   qualified   as   genuine   incentive  the payment must fulfill above mentioned factors  or   characteristics   i.e.   is   paid   specially   to  those who avail opportunity and is paid for extra  work and has direct nexus or linkage with extra  production   whereas   the   amount   which   is   paid   to  all   universally   and   across   the   board   is   'basic  wage'.

8.7 What   is   overlooked   by   the   petitioner  with   reference   to   the   observations   by   Hon'ble  Apex Court in case of  Manipal Academy of Higher   Education   (supra)  is   that   Hon'ble   Apex   Court  explained  the  facts  and observations  in case  of  19 HC-NIC Page 19 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT TI   Cycles   of   India,   Ambattur   (supra)  in   below  quoted succinct manner: 

"In TI Cycles of India, Ambattur v. M.K. Gurumani and  Ors.   (2001   (7)   SCC   204)   it   was   held   that  incentive  wages   paid   in   respect   of   extra   work   done   is   to   be  excluded   from   the   basic   wage   as   they   have   a   direct  nexus   and   linkage   with   the   amount   of   extra   output." 

(Emphasis supplied) 8.8 Thus,   Hon'ble   Apex   Court   emphasized  the  fact that what is to be or what can be excluded  from basic wage is the incentive which is paid in  respect of 'extra work done'. Hon'ble Apex Court  also explained the reason for such exclusion with  the   observations   that   such   incentive   wage   paid  for extra work is to be excluded because it has  'direct   nexus'   and   linkage   with   the   extra   out  put.  

8.9 Thus, it emerges that what is necessary  for   treating   particular   payment   as   'incentive'  and   to   exclude   it   from   the   purview   of   'basic  wage'   i.e.   Section   2(b)   is   that   there   must   be  direct   nexus  or linkage  between  the payment  and  extra work done coupled with extra output. 20 HC-NIC Page 20 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT

9. At   this   stage,   it   would   be   appropriate  to consider observations by Hon'ble Apex Court in  para   16   of   the   decision   in   the   case   of  Daily   Pratap. The said paragraph No.16 reads thus: 

"In order to become a genuine Production Bonus scheme  payment to be made to meritorious workmen who put in  extra output, has to have a direct nexus and linkage  with   the   amount   of   extra   output   produced   by   the  eligible workmen so that the scheme can work as a real  incentive   scheme   equally   to   them   to   make   extra  efforts. Such a scheme may have sliding scales of bonus  amount based to total extra quantity of production for  which all workmen can uniformly be paid bonus on the  basis   of   their   co­operative   efforts.  More   the   extra  production  more  the  available  surplus  of   bonus  to  be  divided  amongst all  eligible workmen uniformly.  Other  type of incentive bonus scheme may be made available to  an   individual   meritorious   workman   extra   payment   for  extra   work   having   direct   linkage   with   the   extra  production   out­turned   by   him.  In   neither   case   such  distributable bonus can be a static figure as in the  present case. On the facts of the present case, as seen  earlier, unfortunately for the appellants the scheme on  which they relied does not fulfil the aforesaid legal  logistic   for   becoming   a   genuine   Production   Bonus  scheme.  It   is   not   a   scheme   of   sliding   scale   bonus  having   real   nexus   with   the   amount   of   extra   output  furnished by the concerned workmen either individually  or   collectively.   As   seen   earlier,   once   they   crossed  even slightly the norm of work expected of them in a  given   shift,   they   all   fall   in   the   same   category   of  eligible workmen entitled to get on uniform basis extra  amount of 1.5 times the basic daily wage.  Thus,  this  scheme of paying  extra remuneration  to more eligible  and   efficient   workmen   is   a   scheme   of   super   wage  fixation   and   is   not   a   genuine   scheme   of   incentive  bonus which has to be earned by the workmen by showing  their capabilities for earning such extra bonus linked  up with the quantity of extra production."   (Emphasis  supplied)

10. The principles which can be derived from  the observations by Hon'ble Apex Court are:  21

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(a) A genuine production bonus scheme should  provide for payment to those workmen who give  'extra output'. The incentive or bonus is in  addition   to   wages.   It   must   depend   upon  production;
(b) The   incentive   or   bonus   is   paid   for  superior   performance   and   it   is   earned   for  extra production and it is paid in addition  to wages, as extra payment for extra output /  production   above   the   determined   base   or  standard of production;
(c) 'extra   output'   is   that   quantity   of  output   which   is   more   than   /   above   normal  level   of   production   or   more   than     /   above  standard   or   average   level   of   production   and  which is achieved by extra input / labour, by  the employees;
(d) the payment in question must be paid in  respect   of   that   'extra   output   /   production'  to   the   employee   whose   contribution   results  22 HC-NIC Page 22 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT into extra output;
(e) The payment should have direct nexus and  linkage with the amount or degree of extra or  additional   work   or   labour   (i.e.   input)   by  workmen   which   results   into   higher   /   more  output / production; 
(f) The  scheme  must  provide  incentive  which  would   motivate   or   persuade   the   workmen   to  put­in   more   efforts.   The   scheme   must  ex  facie  reflect that extra payment is made to  offer bonus or extra amount to those workmen  who   give   extra   input   (labour   work)   for  achieving higher or extra output;
(g) The workman who is away from duty or on  leave or absent and who does not contribute,  during   particular   period,   for   higher  production,   cannot   earn   incentive   or   bonus  and therefore, genuine incentive scheme would  not   consider   such   workman   eligible   for  payment   of   incentive   or   bonus   since   such  23 HC-NIC Page 23 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT amount is paid in respect of extra work done  and   it   has   direct   nexus   with   additional  output.  The scheme must show that incentive  is   offered   to   the   workmen   who   give   extra  input;
(h) The   incentive   would   vary   in   proportion  to extra production / output.

10.1 Thus, when a scheme styled as incentive  wage  is introduced   and implemented,  it could  be  considered   and   treated   as   genuine   production  incentive   scheme   when   the   scheme,   while   not  compelling workmen to produce more / give higher  production,   recognizes   and   appreciates   and  rewards   extra   work   or   extra   performance   and  thereby   motivates   and   convinces   the   workman   to  put   extra   work   or   to   improve   his   skill   and  performance   so   as   to   lead   to   and   reach   to   the  ultimate   goal   and   object   of   better   performance  and   increase   in   production   above   the   normal   or  average or standard level of production. Only if  such   characteristics   are   fulfilled   by   a   scheme,  24 HC-NIC Page 24 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT then   the   scheme   can   be   considered   genuine  production incentive scheme.  

10.2 In   this   context,   it   is   relevant   and  appropriate   to   turn   to   and   take   into   account  observations   by   Hon'ble   Apex   Court   in   the  decision in case of Daily Pratap observed that: 

"16. It,   therefore,   becomes   clear   that   in   order   to  become a  genuine Production Bonus scheme so as to get  covered by exception (ii) to the definition of "basic  wages" as found under Section 2(b) of the Act, it must  be   shown   that   the   scheme   in   question   seeks   to   offer  production  bonus  to the  workmen  concerned  who put in  extra output wherein either collectively bonus be fixed  to all of them on the basis of total extra output on a  sliding  scale   or   may  be  paid  individually  to  a  given  number  of  workmen  who  by  their  own  efforts  earn  such  bonus. Thus in each case payment of bonus cannot be of  a   fixed   or   proven   nature   having   no   nexus   with   the  quantity of extra output produced by them. As in the  present   case   the   scheme   relied   on   by   the   appellants  does   not   fulfil   this   legal   test   it   does   not   attract  the exception (ii) to Section 2(b). It  remains in the  realm   of   basic   extra   wage.   The   decision   rendered   by  learned Single Judge of the High Court as confirmed by  the Division Bench decision, cannot, therefore be found  fault with. The submission of learned counsel for the  appellants that in the  scheme in question there was no  compulsion for the workman to put in extra work and the  management  could  not   compel   him   to   do  extra  work  not  can   it   allege   any     misconduct   on   the   part   of   such  workman who does not want to do excess work cannot be  of any avail to the learned counsel for the appellants  as even if this criteria may be common to the present  scheme as well as the genuine Production Bonus scheme,  the   further   requirement   of   the   scheme   to   become   a  genuine   Production   Bonus   scheme,   namely,   that  the  payment   by   way   of   bonus   to   the   concerned   eligible  workman should vary in proportion to the extra output  put up by him beyond the norm of output prescribed for  him,  is conspicuously  absent  in   the present  scheme,  as   seen   earlier,   and   on   the   other   hand,   this  requirement   which   is   the   very   heart   of   a   genuine  Production   Bonus     scheme   is   missing  in   the   present  25 HC-NIC Page 25 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT scheme   and   therefore,  similarity   on   only   one   aspect  between the genuine   production incentive scheme   and   the present scheme, namely, that the workman could not    have been compelled to carry out extra work pales into  insignificance   on   the   facts   of   the     present   case.  Therefore,   the   second   question   has   to   be   answered  against   the   appellants   and   in   favour   of   the  respondent."  

11. Since   the   controversy   in   present   case  has   arisen   in   light   of   'production   incentive  scheme   and   productivity   linked   wage',   it   is  necessary   and   relevant   to   take   into   account  relevant clause which prescribes the modality of  the productive incentive scheme:

"17.00 PRODUCTIVITY   LINKED   WAGES   AND   PRODUCTION  INCENTIVE SCHEME 17.01 The   Management   explained   in   detail   that   the  Company  is facing competition and in the coming years  the   necessity   to   improve   /   increase   the   productivity  has   assumed   a   greater   importance   not   only   for   the  growth of the company but also for the survival.  Upon  detailed   discussions   to   link   certain   portions   of   the  remunerations  with  the  productivity,  both  the  parties  agree to revise the present production incentive scheme  for  achieving  better  productivity  and  efficiency.  The  scheme is broadly defined as under:­
1) The Management shall pay production incentive at  the rate of Rs.0.20 (Paise twenty only) for each ton of  Sodium Nitrite / Nitrate produced (including sales of  Sodium   Nitrite   in   the   liquor   form)   upto   2000   (two  thousand) tons of total Salt production for the month.
2) However,   if   incentive   such   calculated   is   below  Rs.200/­ p.m. (Rupees two hundred only) then Rs.200/­  p.m. (Rupees two hundred only) shall be paid as minimum  production incentive for the month. 
3) The previous Production Incentive Scheme and the  amount   given   therein   gets   discontinued   and   in   lieu  thereof the above scheme is worked out by and between  26 HC-NIC Page 26 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT the parties. 
4) This scheme has been worked out based on existing  capacities  and   the   targets   and   shall   be   revised   from  time to time.
5) Upon expansion of the capacities of the plant the  scheme   and   the   targets   will   be   revised   /   revamped." 

(Emphasis supplied) 11.1 In   the   said   clause   the   word  'upto'   is  crucial.   It   is   vital   part   of   the   'scheme'.     It  explains the philosophy as well as the effect of  the scheme.  

11.2 The sub­clause (1) of said clause 17.01  provides,  inter   alia,   that   'incentive   shall   be  paid at 20 paise for 'each ton' of sodium nitrite  produced   'upto'   2,000   tons'.   Meaning   thereby  according to said clause 20 paise / ton shall be  paid   for   production   from   insignificant   or  negligible   level  upto 2,000  tons.  Thus,  even  if  only 100 or even 75 or 50 tons of sodium nitrite  is produced then also the workmen would be paid  the so­called 'incentive'. If the production, in  a given month, touches the mark of only 75 tons  in   a   given   month   then   also   the   workmen   -  according  to  clause  17.01  (1) would  be  entitled  27 HC-NIC Page 27 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT to receive 20 paise X 75 tons = 1500 paise and if  production touches the mark of only 50 tons in a  given   month   then   also   they   will   be   eligible   to  receive   1,000   paise   in   that   particular   month  towards 'incentive'. The effect or result of the  scheme   which   emerges   on   conjoint   reading   of  clauses   17.01,   17.01(1)   and   17.01(2),   is,  illustratively,   that   if   in   a   given   month   the  workman   produced,   700   tons   of   sodium   nitrate,  then   according   to   clause   17.01   (1)   the   workmen  would earn 14,000 paise, however, in view of sub­ clause   (2)   of   clause   17.01   the   company   would  still  pay  the workman  Rs.200,  i.e.  20,000  paise  as   if   the   workman   had   produced   1,000   tons   of  sodium nitrite. 

11.3 On   plain   reading   of   the   scheme   it  emerges   that   the   scheme   does   not   expressly  prescribe   minimum   norm   or   standard   level   of  production   which   should   be   crossed   for   being  eligible   for   'incentive'   and   it   also   does   not  flow from the scheme that the workman would earn  28 HC-NIC Page 28 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT incentive   wage   if   and   only   when   level   of  production   crosses   minimum   or   standard   level   of  production.  

11.4 On   conjoint   and   cumulative   reading   of  clause   17.01   (1)   and   (2)   it   emerges   that   the  amount contemplated under the said clauses is not  paid  for  additional  or more  production  over  and  above   the   normal   and   standard   and/or   minimum  level of production i.e. the amount is not paid  for   achieving   higher   than   standard   level   of  production but the said amount is paid for entire  production   i.e. for  every  ton of  sodium  nitrite  which may be produced in a given period i.e. one  month.

11.5 Further,   there   is   no   linkage   between  payment   of   incentive   and   extra   work   input   and  extra  output.  According  to the  scheme,  the  same  amount   i.e.   20   paise   would   be   payable   for  production of 50 tons or 75 tons or 200 tons or  1,000   tons   or   2,000   tons   and   in   the   event  production is less than 1,000 tons i.e. even if  29 HC-NIC Page 29 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT said   mark   is   not   achieved   then   also   the   amount  which   would   be   payable   @   20   paise   /   ton   for  production   of   1,000   tons   (i.e.   Rs.200/­)   would  still   be   paid   to   all   workmen   as   'minimum  incentive'.   The   scheme   guarantees   payment   @  Rs.200/­ as minimum incentive even if production  required   to   earn   Rs.200/­   (@   20   paise   per   ton  i.e. 1,000 ton) is not achieved.

11.6 Not only this, but sub­clause (2) brings  out   interesting   part   of   the   scheme   inasmuch   as  according to sub­clause (2) the scheme guarantees  Rs.200/­   as   'minimum   incentive'   which   would   be  paid   irrespective   of   the   level   of   production  (quantity   produced)   in   a   given   month.   Meaning  thereby  even   if   production   is   less   than   1,000  tons   in   a   month   then   also   workmen   will   get  Rs.200/­   as   so­called   'incentive'.   Thus,   in   the  event the production level in a given month does  not   reach   the   mark   where   workmen   would   be  entitled for guaranteed payment of Rs.200/­ @ 20  paise per ton (i.e. even if the production level  30 HC-NIC Page 30 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT does not reach to 1,000 tons and falls short of  1,000   tons   in   a   given   month)   then   also   the  workmen   would   receive   Rs.200/­   as   'minimum'  incentive (which is guaranteed by virtue of sub­ clause   (2)   of   clause   17.01).     Meaning   thereby  even   without   actually   producing   300   tons   of  sodium   nitrite,   the   workman   will   still   be   paid  6,000   paise   inasmuch   as   sub­clause   (2)   of   the  scheme guarantees minimum incentive of Rs.200.   11.7 There   is   another   perspective   and  dimension   to   the   said   scheme   /   settlement   and  present case deserves to be considered from that  other   perspective   and   dimension.   From   the  peculiar   provision   which   guarantees   minimum  incentive  i.e.  Rs.200/­  it appears   that by  such  arrangement   /   provision   the   company   has,  actually,   introduced   dual   or   hybrid   system   of  payment of salary or wages, whereby part of wages  are   paid   on   per   ton   basis   (i.e.   at   piece   rate)  and   part   of   the   wages   are   paid   on   monthly   rate  basis and thereby part of the amount / wages paid  31 HC-NIC Page 31 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT in name and style of 'incentive' to the employees  on per ton basis (i.e. at piece rate) so that it  can be taken out from the purview of the Act and  from   the   purview   of   section   2(b)   and   the  obligation to pay provident fund contribution can  be reduced.

11.8 The   facts   of   the   case,   foregoing  discussion and the reasons mentioned above bring  out   clearly   that   the   payments   made   by   the  petitioner employer under the settlement / scheme  (clause   17.01   thereof)   in   name   and   style   of  'incentive')   cannot   be   excluded   from   purview   of  clause (b).

12. In   present   case,   it   has   emerged   seen  that - 

(a)   the   scheme   does   not   prescribe   any  particular   quantity   or   units   of   production  as minimum or normal or average or standard  level   of   production   which   shall   be  considered   minimum   required   production   and  32 HC-NIC Page 32 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT which   the   workmen   should   cross   to   earn  'incentive'   and   such   'incentive'   would   be  paid for the production beyond that mark or  level; 

(b) the   scheme   provides   for   payment   of  incentive   to   all   workmen   irrespective   of  presence   or   absence   and   it   does   not  distinguish   (or   does   not   award)   those  workmen who put extra labour from those who  do not and the scheme provides for incentive  for   even   minimal   or   negligible   /  insignificant quantity of the produce;

(c) the amount would be paid to all workmen  having   regard   to   total   production   in   the  month   irrespective   of   and   without   having  regard to individual input and/or individual  attendance / absence of workman;  and  

(d) there   is   no   provision   in   the   scheme   to  provide   that   the   workmen   who   remain   absent  or   on   leave   will   not   be   eligible   for  33 HC-NIC Page 33 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT 'incentive'   for   period   of   leave   /   absence  and   he   will   be   paid   proportionately   less  amount;

(e) there   is   no   linkage   between   additional  labour   work   and   additional   output   and  incentive;

(f) in respect of the same amount (i.e. the  amount   which   is   paid   in   name   and   style   of  incentive,   the   employer   deducts   /   pays  contribution towards E.S.I.;

(g) such   a   scheme   can   hardly   be   classified  or   treated   as   genuine   scheme   of   incentive.  It   does   not   possess   the   characteristics   of  genuine   incentive   scheme   explained   in   the  judgment in case of Daily Pratap;

(h) even   if   it   is   assumed   that   under   the  scheme   production   of   1,000   tons   is   minimum  or standard level of production then also in  view   of   the   sub­clause   (2)   of   clause   17.01  of   the   settlement,   the   amount   contemplated  34 HC-NIC Page 34 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT thereunder   i.e.   Rs.200/­   would   be   paid   to  the   employees   even   though   the   mark   /   level  of   production   in   given   month   is   less   than  1,000   tons   or   even   if   utmost   negligible  production   /   performance   is   given   by   the  employees. On the other hand same rate i.e.  20   paise   will   be   paid   to   the   workmen   for  production from level of 1,000 tons to 2,000  tons.  Therefore,   by   any   standard   and   from  any   perspective   the   said   amount   of   Rs.200  cannot   be   termed   'incentive'   and   the   said  amount of Rs.200 cannot escape and cannot be  taken out of purview of basic wage and that  amount   cannot   be   excluded   from   purview   of  Section 2(b) read with Section 6 of the Act. 12.1 When the scheme (i) does not envisage or  does  not  prescribe   standard  or  minimum  level  of  production (i.e. particular quantity or units as  minimum   or   standard   level)   and/or   it   does   not  provide   that   the   'incentive'   will   be   paid   /  payable   when   production   crosses   such   minimum   or  35 HC-NIC Page 35 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT average or standard level; and (ii) it does not  prescribe   payment   of   'incentive'   for   'actual  extra   input   of   labour'   or   for   additional  performance' and is not linked with 'actual extra  or  additional  output';   and (iii)  the  scheme,  on  the   contrary,  assures   'minimum'   incentive   @  Rs.200   to   all   workmen   without   having   regard   to  his  actual  input  / contribution  and/or  his;  and 

(iv)   there   is   no   linkage   between   payment   of  incentive and extra input / extra output; and (v)  also provides for payment to all workmen without  having regard to individual input;  and (vi) when  the reward is not for meritorious and extra work  and  higher  output,  then  such payment  can hardly  be described as 'incentive' so as to exclude said  payment from the purview of section 2(b) of the  Act;  more so when the scheme guarantees minimum  incentive. 

12.2 Thus,   on   overall   consideration,   it   has  emerged  that  the payment   made by  the petitioner  employer   under   the   settlement   /   scheme   (clause  36 HC-NIC Page 36 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT 17.01  thereof)  in name  and  style  of 'incentive'  does   not   qualify   for   exemption   and   cannot   be  excluded  from  the purview  of sub­clause  (ii)  of  clause (b) of Section 2 of the Act. The said sub­ clause (ii) of clause (b) reads thus:  

"2. Definitions.   -   In   this   Act,   unless   the   context  otherwise requires, - 
                (a)    ... ... ... ... ... 

                        (i)       ... ... ... ... ... 

                        (ii)      ... ... ... ... ... 

                (aa)   ... ... ... ... ... 

                (b)    "basic   wages"   means   all   emoluments   which   are   earned 
by   an   employee   while   on   duty   or   on   leave   or   on  holidays with wages in either case in accordance with  the terms of the contract of employment and which are  paid or payable in cash to him, but does not include 
(i) the cash value of any food concession; 
(ii) any   dearness   allowance   (that   is   to   say,   all  cash   payments   by   whatever   name   called   paid   to  an employee on account of a rise in the cost of  living),   house­rent   allowance,   overtime  allowance,   bonus   commission   or   any   other  similar   allowance   payable   to   the   employee   in  respect   of   his   employment   or   of   work   done   in  such employment;
(iii) any presents made by the employer;"

12.3 By   virtue   of   sub­clauses   (i),   (ii)   and 

(iii) of clause (b) of Section 2, certain amounts  /   emoluments   have   been   excluded   from   the  definition   of   the   term   'basic   wages'.   The  payments   are   do   not   fall   within   purview   of   the  37 HC-NIC Page 37 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT said   three   clauses   of   Section   2(b)   would   fall  within   purview   of   the   term   'basic   wages'.  Foregoing   discussion   has   brought   that   the  payments  made  by the  petitioner  employer   to its  employees under clause 17.01 of the settlement /  scheme cannot be termed bonus / incentive or any  other allowance and that, therefore, the payments  made   by   the   petitioner   employer   under   the   said  settlement   /   scheme   cannot   be   excluded.  Consequently, there is no basis or justification  to upset the decision by APFC which is confirmed  by the learned Tribunal. 

13. At this stage, it is appropriate to deal  with   a   formal   contention   against   APFC's   order  viz. APFC's order is not a speaking and reasoned  order.   So   as   to   consider   said   contention   it   is  necessary to mention that on reading the order it  comes   out   that   the   APFC   has   considered   the  provision   of   the   scheme   and   he   has   also  considered   other   material   on   record   and   he   has  extensively   recorded   the   submissions   by   the  38 HC-NIC Page 38 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT company   including   the   details   and   contentions  mentioned   in   its   written   submissions.   The   APFC  has   also   taken   into   account   and   dealt   with   the  decisions   on   which   reliance   was   placed   by   the  company.   In   his   order,   the   APFC   has   recorded  that: 

"In the present case production incentive element is to  be given incentive for minimum production and even if  minimum production is not given a workers is entitled  to get 0.20 paise per tone of production of Nitrite.  Thus it is clear that it is a form of wages, which has  been guaranteed at least upto Rs.200/­ per month thus  nomenclature production incentive is nothing but it is  a   part   of   regular   wage   and   this   is   liable   for  deduction.
The main activities of the establishment to manufacture  Sodium Nitrite / Nitrite etc. and selling in the open  market,   with   facing   competition   with   other   units,  globalization   and   even   to   stand   in   the   international  market.   The   establishment   is   paying   basic   minimum  wages, D.A. And variable D.A. To its employees as per  law.   The   establishment   and   establishments'   Union  entered   into   an   agreement   on   account   of   charter   of  demands   of   Union   and   settlement   arrived   was   placed  before the Hon'ble Industrial Tribunal who has passed  an   award   on   16.9.1992   although   the   same   kind   of  production incentive Scheme, was in existence prior to  16.9.1992 on the same pattern of payment of production  incentive more or less on production of tonnage.
In the present case, the establishment and Union by an  agreement, agreed to pay Rs.0.20 paise per each tone of  production   and   monthly   quota   was   fixed   upto   minimum  production upto 2000 tones per month. A target is fixed  and over the target production on incentive is paid @  0.20 paise per tonnage.   Therefore, the base is fixed  and incentive is over the standard performance with the  joint cooperative efforts of the employees."

13.1 On   reading   the   order   by   APFC   it   comes  out   that   the   submission   and   allegation   by   the  39 HC-NIC Page 39 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT petitioner is unjustified.

14. Before   concluding,   it   is   necessary   to  take into account one more important aspect which  has emerged from the record and which has bearing  on the issue and which bring out the debit side  of   company's   claims   and   the   scheme   and   also  demonstrate that the scheme lacks characteristics  (explained by Apex Court) of genuine 'incentive'  scheme, have come out from the affidavit filed by  the union / workmen of the petitioner. The said  aspects   and   details   also   deserve   to   be  considered.

14.1 Therefore, it is appropriate to refer to  the   affidavit   of   the   union   at   this   stage.   With  reference   to   said   clause   17   of   the   settlement,  the deponent - Vice President of the union has,  in   his   affidavit   dated   7.3.2011,   stated   and  asserted that: 

"5(a) Before I deal with the legal contention raised in  the   petition,   I   would   like   to   clarify   the   factual  submissions made by the petitioner company. I say that  the controversy in the present petition is arising out  of   the  settlement  dated  6th  August,  1992  entered  into  between petitioner company and respondent No.2 Union on  40 HC-NIC Page 40 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT which   award   was   passed   by   the   industrial   Tribunal  Baroda,   in   Reference   IT   No.10   of   1992   by   which   at  Clause   -   17   productivity   linked   wages   and   production  incentive was introduced by which amount was decided to  pay to all the workmen on the basis of production. It  is   pertinent   to   note   that   in   this   settlement  irrespective   of   the   achieving   of   the   production,  minimum amount was decided to be paid as part of the  basic wage and in fact in the objective itself it is  clearly stated that the part of wage is linked with the  productivity.   I say that it is the say of the company  that as Union has agreed not on deduct provident fund  on   production   incentive   scheme,   and   therefore,   it  cannot be termed as basic wage as per section 2(b) of  Employees' Provident Fund Act, 1956.   I say that the  term   of   the   settlement   dated   6th  August,   1992,   which  makes production incentive scheme is not in reality a  production incentive scheme. In the scheme itself it is  clearly   mentioned   that   what   is   the   reason   for  introducing  the   scheme  and   how   the   portion   of   amount  payable   as   per   the   Scheme   will   be   linked   with   the  remuneration of the workmen. In the clause 17.1 of the  Terms of Settlement it is clearly mentioned that common  irrespective   of   the   fact   of   the   productivity.     From  this it is quite clear that basic wage of the concerned  workmen   are   dived   into   two­fold;   workmen   and   second  would be payable on the basis of productivity incentive  scheme which will be achieved by the concerned workmen  within their shift schedule work. Over and above this,  it is also quite clear that in the first part of the  Scheme irrespective of the minimum tons of total salt  production  the  amount towards  production  incentive  of  Rs.200 shall be payable to all the workmen and over the  minimum tonnage of the production, the amount will be  payable   as   per   the   terms   of   the   settlement   to   all  irrespective of the fact that individual out put of the  workmen.  In  fact  from clause  17 of the  settlement it  does   not   reflect   any   genuine   incentive   scheme   based  upon the individual performance of the workmen but it  clearly reflects that amount will be payable in to fold  i.e. minimum and above minimum.  I say that the amount  of   production   incentive   as   per   the   clause   17   of   the  settlement   is   paid   to   all   the   employees   on   month   to  month basis and even if the workmen are on leave of any  nature including public holidays, the amount is paid as  per   the   achieved   production   in   every   month   towards  production incentive to all workmen. I also submit that  it is not correct to say that the amount of production  incentive is paid only to the workmen who are working  in different production departments. In fact, amount is  paid   to   all   the   staff   members   who   are   part   of   the  definition   of   workmen   as   per   Section   2(s)   of   the  Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. I  say  that  in fact to  achieve   the   terms   of   the   settlement   clause   -   17   the  41 HC-NIC Page 41 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT workmen   were   asked   to   work   in   continuous  process   and  even the weekly offs were also changed and workmen were  asked to enjoy their weekly offs on different days of  the week. Thus, it shows that the production incentive  scheme   is   nothing   but   the   compulsory   production   and  this compulsory production will be part of basic wage  as   it   has   been   directly   connected   with   the   part   of  remuneration.  I say that from this clause it is quite  clear  that  this scheme  is over and above the  payment  which is to be made as per the provisions of Payment of  Bonus Act, 1965. In this regard, at clause - 22 company  has   specifically   agreed   that   company   shall   pay   20%  bonus to all the workmen and no ex gratia payment will  be made during the period of the settlement. I say that  in the terms of settlement, it is also provided that if  workmen is absent without sanctioned leave along with  the basic and other allowances amount of productivity  incentive will also be deducted from the wages of the  workmen. It is further respectfully submitted that it  has   emphasized   that   except   basic   pay,   fixed   dearness  allowance   and   variable   dearness   allowance   no   other  allowance   shall   be   taken   into   consideration   for   the  purpose   of   computing   any   benefit   such   as   provident  fund, bonus, etc. In this regard, I say that it is true  that this clause exists in the terms of settlement but  such   term   firstly   cannot   override   the   statutory  provisions of Employees' Provident Funds Act. Secondly,  it   is   also   quite   clear   that   on   production   incentive  amount company is also deducting contribution to ESI as  per   the   Employees   State   Insurance   Act.   Thirdly,   when  clause 17.1 clearly defines that part of remuneration  will be linked with the productivity and after linkage  of this amount with the productivity and irrespective  of the minimum achievement of production when company  has agreed to pay Rs.200, it cannot be said that amount  which is payable as per the clause - 17 is not part of  basic  wage  specially  when  this  amount  is  paid to all  the workmen equally. 
(c) I say that it is not correct to say that as per  clause 17 the amount of incentive is between Rs.325 and  Rs.400.  In fact, the amount as per the scheme payable  to   every   workmen   on   month   to   month   basis   is   around  Rs.600 to Rs.800.  As submitted earlier, if any of the  workmen is on privilege leave, sick leave, casual leave  and/or public holiday, this amount is paid to all the  workmen   for   such   leave   days   and   if   they   are   absent  without   leave   this   amount   is   deducted   from   their  salary.   Thus, the amount is paid to all the workmen  irrespective of their presence and/or their absence in  the   company.   Thus,   this   cannot   be   considered   as  incentive   amount   paid   as   such   for   any   particular  allowance. ... ... ... ... ... I further say that even on factual  averment   also   it   is   not   true   that   in   other   concerns  42 HC-NIC Page 42 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT employers   are   not   having   any   such   benefits   for   their  employees. As per my information in Vadodara as well as  different parts of Gujarat production incentive scheme  are formulated by the employers different companies and  unions.     As   per   my   information   in   1992   when   the  settlement was entered into, in Vadodara Apollo Tyres  and ABS Plastics Limited were also having such Schemes  for their workmen and in fact, ABS Plastic is involved  in   similar   business   like   petitioner   company.   Besides  this, as submitted earlier, in the petitioner company  all   the   workmen   whether   they   are   concerned   with   the  direct   production  or   not,   they   are   being   paid   amount  towards production incentive as a part of their every  monthly   salary   and   therefore   it   cannot   be   said   that  scheme which is in controversy is production incentive  scheme   and   amount   paid   toward   is   incentive   amount." 

(Emphasis supplied)

15. The   said   statements   and   assertions   by  the   union   through   its   Vice   President   bring   out  that   the   submissions   made   by   the   company   with  regard   to   the   provision   under   the   settlement  and/or   implementation   of   said   scheme   do   not  present   accurate   or   correct   picture   about   the  scheme   and about  the  implementation  or even  the  understanding  of  the union  / employees,  who  are  party to the settlement, about the scheme.  15.1 From the affidavit by the Vice President  of   the   union,   it   has   emerged   that   according   to  the scheme the incentive amount would be paid to  the   workman   even   if   the   workman   remains   absent  from   the   duty   on   account   of   privilege   leave   /  43 HC-NIC Page 43 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT earned leave or casual leave or sick leave. Thus,  even if the workman is on leave, e.g. for 7 days  in   a   month,   then   also   payment   of   Rs.200   is  guaranteed by virtue of clause 17.01(2). The said  payment would be in addition to the fixed salary  (in   accordance   with   the   pay   scale   fixed   by   the  settlement).  

15.2 From   the   affidavit   made   by   the   Vice  President of the union, it also comes out that in  respect   of   the   incentive   amount   paid   to   the  workman   under   clause   17.01(1)   and   (2),   the  company   deducts   and   pays   contribution   towards  ESI, however, provident fund contribution is not  paid. 

15.3 From   the   said   affidavit,   it   also   comes  out   that   the   incentive   amount   is   paid   to   all  workmen   irrespective   of   the   fact   that   a  particular workman may not have contributed extra  input.   Thus,   so­called   incentive   has   no   linkage  with extra work / input.

44 HC-NIC Page 44 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT 15.4 Further,   the   amount   of   so­called  'incentive'   is   paid   irrespective   of   number   of  days of absence or presence in a given month.  15.5 It   is   pertinent   that   not   only   the  company   but   even   any   other   employee   or   office  bearer   of   the   union   have   not   filed   any   counter  affidavit against or in response to the affidavit  dated   7.3.2011   filed   by   Vice   President   of   the  union,   and the  facts  and details   stated  therein  are not denied or controverted by anyone. 

16. On examination of the facts of this case  and   the   features   of   present   scheme   in   light   of  the   characteristics   and   features   of   genuine  incentive   /   bonus   scheme   explained   by   Hon'ble  Apex  Court  in above  mentioned  decisions,   it has  emerged that the payment made by the company in  form of and in garb of 'production incentive' is  actually 'wages' and falls within the purview of  section 2(b) of the Act and does not qualify for  exclusion   under   section   2(b)   as   genuine  'incentive' and the conclusion by APFC is neither  45 HC-NIC Page 45 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT incorrect   nor   unjustified   nor   baseless   or  perverse.   The   order   by   learned   Tribunal  confirming the order by the APFC also cannot be  faulted.

17. In light of the foregoing discussion and  for reasons mentioned above, the contentions and  claim of the petitioner that (i) the amounts paid  to the workmen in accordance with clause No.1701  of   the   settlement   /   scheme,   do   not   constitute  'wages' and do not fall within purview of Section  2(b)   of   the   Act   and   should   be   excluded   from  purview of Section 2(b) of the Act and the said  amount   are   not   liable   for   contribution   towards  provident fund;   as well as the submission that 

(ii) impugned orders by APFC and learned Tribunal  are   unjustified   and   erroneous;   are   not  sustainable   and   the   said   submissions   do   not  deserve to be accepted.  Any ground to interfere  with   the   impugned   orders   is   not   made   out.   The  orders passed by APFC and learned Tribunal which  are challenged in present petition do not suffer  46 HC-NIC Page 46 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017 C/SCA/1313/2011 CAV JUDGMENT from any error of law and/or jurisdiction or any  error   of   fact.   The   impugned   orders   cannot   be  faulted.   The   petition,   therefore,   fails   and  deserves   to   be   rejected.   Consequently,   the  petition is rejected. Rule is discharged. Orders  accordingly. 

  Sd/­ (K.M.THAKER, J.) At this stage, learned senior counsel for the  petitioner requested that interim relief which is  in operation may be continued for some time so as  to enable the petitioner to prefer appeal.

In   view   of   the   said   submission   by   learned  senior   counsel   for   the   petitioner,   it   is  clarified that interim relief which has remained  in   operation   until   now   shall   continue   until  5.5.2017.

   Sd/­ (K.M.THAKER, J.) bharat 47 HC-NIC Page 47 of 47 Created On Tue Apr 04 00:38:56 IST 2017