Rajasthan High Court - Jodhpur
Pratapram vs Nagaur Zilla Khadi Gramodyog Sangh ... on 29 July, 2025
Author: Yogendra Kumar Purohit
Bench: Yogendra Kumar Purohit
[2025:RJ-JD:33251]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT
JODHPUR
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 192/2025
1. Sabu Devi W/o Binjaram Meghwal, Aged About 63 Years,
Resident Near Locust Protection Department, Basni Road,
District Nagaur.
2. Kailash S/o Binjaram Meghwal, Aged About 34 Years,
Resident Of Near Locust Protection Department, Basni
Road, District Nagaur.
----Appellants
Versus
Nagaur Zilla Khadi Gramodyog Sangh, Basni Road, Nagaur
Through Secretary, Tilokram S/o Kojaram
----Respondent
Connected With
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 187/2025
1. Pratapram S/o Sh. Savataram, Aged About 71 Years, R/o
Near Locust Protection Department, Basni Road, Dist.
Nagaur,raj.
2. Likhmaram S/o Pratapram, Aged About 42 Years, R/o
Near Locust Protection Department, Basni Road, Dist.
Nagaur,raj.
----Appellants
Versus
Nagaur Zilla Khadi Gramodyog Sangh, Basni Road, Nagaur,
Through Secretary, Tilokram Son Of Kojaram
----Respondent
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 190/2025
1. Prabhuram S/o Sanwalram, Aged About 71 Years,
Resident Of Near Locust Protection Department, Basni
Road, District Nagaur.
2. Megharam S/o Prabhuram, Aged About 43 Years,
Resident Of Near Locust Protection Department, Basni
Road, District Nagaur.
----Appellants
Versus
Nagaur Zilla Khadi Gramodyog Sangh, Basni Road, District
Nagaur, Through Secretary, Tilokram S/o Kojaram
----Respondent
For Appellant(s) : Mr. Falgun Buch
Mr. Vasudev Gaur
Mr. Gopal Krishna Chhangani
Ms. Simran Mehta
For Respondent(s) : Mr. Vinay Jain
Mr. Devendra Prajapat
Mr. Mudit Balia
(Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM)
[2025:RJ-JD:33251] (2 of 11) [CSA-192/2025]
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT
Order Reserved on 11/07/2025 Pronounced on 29/07/2025 01- vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ;g rhuksa f}rh; vihys fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; flfoy U;k;k/kh'k] ukxkSj ds fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 14-12-2023 o bl fu.kZ; dh iqf"V djrs gq, ikfjr izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k la[;k 01] ukxkSj ds fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 24-02-2025 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 02- la{ksi esa ekeys ds rF; izdkj ls gSa fd izR;FkhZ&oknh ukxkSj ftyk [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k dh vksj ls izfroknhx.k ds fo#) okni= izLrqr dj ;g fuosnu fd;k fd oknhx.k la?k dk eq[; mn~ns'; ukxkSj ftys esa csjkstxkjh nwj djus ds fy, lqnwj xzkeh.k {ks= esa drkbZ cqukbZ dj jkstxkj iznku djuk gSA bl laLFkk dks jkT; ljdkj us [kljk uacj 269@707] 1964 esa 99 o"kZ ds yht ij 4 ch?kk 10 fcLok vkoafVr dh xbZ FkhA o"kZ 2004 esa bl yht dks c<+kdj 5 ch?kk dj fn;k x;k] mlesa fu/kkZfjr yht jsaV 5 ch?kk dk oknh }kjk vnk fd;k tkrk jgk gSA 03- izR;FkhZ&oknh dh vksj ls ;g fuosnu fd;k fd o"kZ 1967 esa bl laLFkk us laiw.kZ tehu ij djhc 5&6 QqV dh pkjnhokjh [kM+h dj nh o iwohZ vk/ks Hkkx ij laLFkk ds vkWfQl] nqdkus] fiatkbZ e'khusa o dk;ZdrkZvksa ds fuokl ds DokVj cus gq, gSaA mRrjh&if'peh Hkkx esa vkM+ ds lgkjs&lgkjs 29 DokVj o vkxs ysVªhau ckFk:e cus gq, Fks] tks fVM~Mh foHkkx rd gSa] muesa ls 2 DokVj fiatkbZ foHkkx esa feyk fn;s o 'ks"k 27 DokVj cps gaS] ftuesa xzkeh.k {ks=ksa ls cqudj vkrs gSa vkSj laLFkk }kjk iznRr /kkxs ls cqukbZ djds laLFkk dks nsrs gSaA if'pe esa tks 27 DokVj cus gq, gSa] muds vkxs fVu'ksM dk cjkenk gS vkSj nf{k.k dh rjQ [kqyrk yksgs dk QkVd yxk gqvk gSA laLFkk dk ikuh dusD'ku Hkh cqudjksa ds fy, fy;k gqvk gS vkSj laLFkk }kjk fctyh budks ehVj yxkdj miyC/k djokbZ tk jgh gSA bu DokVjksa esa lkcwnsoh dh vihy ds ekeys esa DokVj uacj 11] 12 ds laca/k esa izfroknhx.k dks fn;s x;s mldh v.MjVsfdax nh gqbZ gksuk vkSj DokVj uacj 13] 14 ij Hkh dCtk djds mi;ksx esa fy;k tkuk crk;k x;k gSA vihy izrkijke okys ekeys esa DokVj uacj 7 ls 10 izfroknhx.k dks fn;s x;s] mldh v.MjVsfdax nh gqbZ gS] tks fcuk fdjk;s fn;s mi;ksx esa ysuk 'kq: dj fn;kA bl izdkj izHkqjke okys ekeys esa DokVj la[;k 15 ls 22 ds laca/k esa v.MjVsfdax nh gqbZ gksuk crk;k gSA 04- rhuksa gh izdj.kksa esa mDr ifjlj oknh laLFkk dh feyfd;r gksuk vkSj mudh iwath ls fufeZr gksuk vkSj izfroknhx.k dks uksfVl nsdj funsZ'k nsus ds ckotwn (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (3 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] ifjlj dk dCtk [kkyh dj lqiwnZ ugha djus ls vfrØeh dh gSfl;r ls dkfct gksuk crk;k gSA 05- vihykFkhZx.k&izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls rhuksa izdj.kksa esa vyx&vyx tokcnkok izLrqr fd;k x;kA ;g fuosnu fd;k fd ifjlj izfroknhx.k ds LokfeRo dk gS] dksbZ v.MjVsfdax izfroknhx.k }kjk ugha nh xbZ] oknh laLFkk dh feyfe;r dh ugha gS vkSj fooknxzLr laifRr izfroknh ds ikl ykbZlsal ij ugha gSA bl vk/kkj ij oknh dk okn [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 06- rhuksa izdj.kksa esa ;g tokcnsgh dh xbZ fd izfroknhx.k }kjk oknh laLFkk ds i{k esa dksbZ fy[kki<+h ugha dhA izfroknhx.k rks oknh laLFkk ij fo'okl dj eky cqukbZ gsrq fn;s tkus dh fy[kki<+h le>dj gh vius gLrk{kj fd, FksA Lora=] lgefr o LosPNk ls fdlh izdkj dh v.MjVsfdax ugha nhA fooknxzLr ifjlj [kljk uacj 259 xSj eqefdu vkcknh esa cus gksuk vkSj oknh laLFkk dh Hkwfe ls if'pe dh rjQ 51 QhV dh Hkwfe NksM+dj iwohZ rjQ cus gksuk crk;k gSA 07- i{kdkjku ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij izR;sd ekeys esa ikap&ikp fook|d dk;e fd;s x;sA 08- i{kdkjku dh lk{; yh tkdj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; flfoy U;k;k/kh'k] ukxkSj }kjk vius fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 14-12-2023 ds }kjk okn oknh Lohdkj djrs gq, fMØh ikfjr dh xbZ vkSj izfroknhx.k dks ;g vknsf'kr fd;k x;k fd fMØh dh fnukad ls rhu ekg ds Hkhrj oknh laLFkk ds ifjlj esa cus DokVj e; cjkenk o [kqyh tehu dk dCtk oknh laLFkk dks lqiwnZ djsa vkSj okn ntZ djus dh fnukad ls izfr DokVj ,d gtkj #i;s dh nj ls var%dkyhu ykHk izkIr djus ds oknh laLFkk vf/kdkjh gksuk ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA 09- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; o fMØh fo#) vihy izLrqr dh xbZ] tks rhuksa ekeyksa esa izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k la[;k 01] ukxkSj ds fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 24-02-2025 ds }kjk vihy [kkfjt djrs gq, fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; o fMØh dh iqf"V dh xbZA 10- vihykFkhZ }kjk bl U;k;ky; esa f}rh; vihy izLrqr dj ;g fuosnu fd;k fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk egRoiw.kZ lk{; ij fopkj ugha fd;k x;k] ftlds eqrkfcd oknh fooknxzLr laifRr dk ekfyd ugha gksuk Li"V gksrk gSA blds laca/k esa izn'kZ 2 tekcanh] izn'kZ 10 ftyk dyDVj ukxkSj ls lrdZrk lfefr ds QSlys dh izfr fnukad 19-07-2016] izn'kZ 13] izn'kZ 15,] izn'kZ 14 dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k vkSj ;g Li"V fd;k fd bu nLrkostksa ds eqrkfcd oknh Lo;a vkoafVr (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (4 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] Hkwfe ls 1-5 ch?kk Hkwfe ij vfrØeh ds :i esa dkfct FkkA bl ekeys esa oknh dh vksj ls ifjlj vihykFkhZx.k&izfroknhx.k dks ykbZlsal ij fn;k gksuk drbZ lkfcr ugha gS vkSj bl ekeys esa dqy 5 Substantial Question of Law izLrkfor fd;s x;s gSaA 11- cgl ,Mfe'ku lquh xbZA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls eq[; :i ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd bl ekeys esa fooknxzLr laifRr izR;FkhZ&oknh ds feyfd;r dh laifRr ugha gS vkSj izR;FkhZ&oknh dh vksj ls vihykFkhZ dks ykbZlsal ij nh gksuk drbZ lkfcr ugha gSA vihykFkhZx.k&izfroknhx.k dk cjlksa ls fooknxzLr laifRr ij dCtk gSA /kkjk 52 o /kkjk 53 Indian Easements Act, 1882 rFkk ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar Baini Prasad (D) Thr. LRs. Vs. Durga Devi, Manu/SC/0088/2023 dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;kA bl vk/kkj ij vihy ,MfeV fd;s tkus vkSj izLrkfor ikapksa Substantial Question of Law cuk, tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 12- fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ us bldk l[r fojks/k djrs gq, ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd iwoZ esa izR;FkhZ&oknh ds uke ls 4 ch?kk 10 fcLok dk iV~Vk Fkk] tks ckn esa c<+kdj dqy 5 ch?kk dk dj fn;k x;k vkSj oknhx.k ds 5 ch?kk Hkwfe esa gh izfroknh dkfct gksuk crk;k vkSj izn'kZ 10 fnukad 19-07-2016 ds vk/kkj ij Li"V fd;k fd oknh la?k ds dCts'kqnk ifjlj esa cqudjksa ds fy, 'ksM cus gq, gksuk vafdr gS vkSj ckn esa uxjifj"kn ls iV~Vk izn'kZ 15&, Hkh oknh la?k dks ns fn;k x;kA 13- Lohd`r :i ls oknh la?k esa izfroknhx.k o mlds ifjokj ds lnL;ksa }kjk oknh la?k }kjk iznRr /kkxs ls cqukbZ dh tkrh FkhA orZeku esa vihykFkhZx.k }kjk dksbZ dk;Z ugha fd;k tk jgk gSA izdj.k lkcwnsoh okys ekeys esa v.MjVsfdax is'k ugha djuk ijarq vU; nks izdj.kksa izrkijke o izHkwjke okys ekeys esa v.MjVsfdax izfroknhx.k }kjk gLrk{kfjr is'k dh tkuk crk;k x;k gSA bl izdkj orZeku esa uksfVl ds ckotwn ifjlj [kkyh ugha djus ls tks fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fMØh nh xbZ og fof/klEer gksuk crkrs gq, nksuksa U;k;ky;ksa }kjk lk{; ij iw.kZ :i ls fopkj dj ikfjr fu.kZ; ds laca/k esa dksbZ lkjoku fof/kd iz'u mRiu ugha gksrk gSA bl vk/kkj ij vihy ,Mfe'ku dh LVst ij [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 14- eSaus mijksDr rdksZa ij euu fd;k o i=koyh dk lko/kkuhiwoZd voyksdu fd;kA 15- f}rh; vihy dks fopkjkFkZ xzg.k djus ls iwoZ bl iz'u ij fopkj djuk vko';d gS fd bl ekeys esa dksbZ lkjHkwr fof/kd iz'u ¼ Substantial question of law½ fo|eku gS vFkok ugha] tks /kkjk 100 lh-ih-lh- ds eqrkfcd 1976 esa gq, la'kks/ku ds i'pkr gksuk vko';d gSA (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (5 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] 16- f}rh; vihy ds laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Nazir Mohamed Vs. J. Kamala and Ors. [2020] 0 AIR(SC) 4321 ds ekeys esa fofHkUu U;kf;d n`"Vkar ij fopkj djrs gq, iSjk la[;k 25] 26] 29 ls 37 esa fuEukuqlkj fof/kd fLFkfr Li"V dh xbZ gS%& "25. A second appeal, or for that matter, any appeal is not a matter of right. The right of appeal is conferred by statute. A second appeal only lies on a substantial question of law. If statute confers a limited right of appeal, the Court cannot expand the scope of the appeal. It was not open to the Respondent-Plaintiff to re-agitate facts or to call upon the High Court to reanalyze or re-appreciate evidence in a Second Appeal.
26. Section 100 of the CPC, as amended, restricts the right of second appeal, to only those cases, where a substantial question of law is involved. The existence of a "substantial question of law" is the sine qua non for the exercise of jurisdiction under Section 100 of the CPC.
29. The principles for deciding when a question of law becomes a substantial question of law, have been enunciated by a Constitution Bench of this Court in Sir Chunilal v. Mehta & Sons Ltd. v. Century Spg. & Mfg. Co. Ltd., AIR 1962 SC 1314, where this Court held:
"The proper test for determining whether a question of law raised in the case is substantial would, in our opinion, be whether it is of general public importance or whether it directly and substantially affects the rights of the parties and if so whether it is either an open question in the sense that it is not finally settled by this Court or by the Privy Council or by the Federal Court or is not free from difficulty or calls for discussion of alternative views. If the question is settled by the highest court or the general principles to be applied in determining the question are well settled and there is a mere question of applying those principles or that the plea raised is palpably absurd the question would not be a substantial question of law."
30. In Hero Vinoth v. Seshammal, (2006) 5 SCC 545, this Court referred to and relied upon Chunilal v. Mehta and Sons (supra) and other judgments and summarised the tests to find out whether a given set of questions of law were mere questions of law or substantial questions of law.
31. The relevant paragraphs of the judgment of this Court in Hero Vinoth (supra) are set out hereinbelow:
"21. The phrase "substantial question of law", as occurring in the amended Section 100 CPC is not defined in the Code. The word substantial, as qualifying "question of law", means of having substance, essential, real, of sound worth, important or considerable. It is to be understood as something in contradistinction with-technical, of no substance or consequence, or academic merely. However, it is clear that the legislature (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (6 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] has chosen not to qualify the scope of "substantial question of law" by suffixing the words "of general importance" as has been done in many other provisions such as Section 109 of the Code or Article 133(1)(a) of the Constitution. The substantial question of law on which a second appeal shall be heard need not necessarily be a substantial question of law of general importance. In Guran Ditta v. Ram Ditta [(1927-28) 5I5 IA 235 : AIR 1928 PC 172] the phrase substantial question of law as it was employed in the last clause of the then existing Section 100 CPC (since omitted by the Amendment Act, 1973) came up for consideration and their Lordships held that it did not mean a substantial question of general importance but a substantial question of law which was involved in the case. In Sir Chunilal case [1962 Supp (3) SCR 549 : AIR 1962 SC 1314] the Constitution Bench expressed agreement with the following view taken by a Full Bench of the Madras High Court in Rimmalapudi Subba Rao v. Noony Veeraju [ AIR 1951 Mad 969 : (3) SCR 549 : (1951) 2 MLJ 222 (FB)] : (Sir Chunilal case [1962 Supp AIR 1962 SC 1314], SCR p. 557) "When a question of law is fairly arguable, where there is room for difference of opinion on it or where the Court thought it necessary to deal with that question at some length and discuss alternative views, then the question would be a substantial question of law. On the other hand if the question was practically covered by the decision of the highest court or if the general principles to be applied in determining the question are well settled and the only question was of applying those principles to the particular fact of the case it would not be a substantial question of law."
32. To be "substantial", a question of law must be debatable, not previously settled by the law of the land or any binding precedent, and must have a material bearing on the decision of the case and/or the rights of the parties before it, if answered either way.
33. To be a question of law "involved in the case", there must be first, a foundation for it laid in the pleadings, and the question should emerge from the sustainable findings of fact, arrived at by Courts of facts, and it must be necessary to decide that question of law for a just and proper decision of the case.
34. Where no such question of law, nor even a mixed question of law and fact was urged before the Trial Court or the First Appellate Court, as in this case, a second appeal cannot be entertained, as held by this Court in Panchagopal Barua v. Vinesh Chandra Goswami, AIR 1997 SC 1047.
(Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM)[2025:RJ-JD:33251] (7 of 11) [CSA-192/2025]
35. Whether a question of law is a substantial one and whether such question is involved in the case or not, would depend on the facts and circumstances of each case. The paramount overall consideration is the need for striking a judicious balance between the indispensable obligation to do justice at all stages and the impelling necessity of avoiding prolongation in the life of any lis. This proposition finds support from Santosh Hazari v. Purushottam Tiwari, (2001) 3 SCC
179.
36. In a Second Appeal, the jurisdiction of the High Court being confined to substantial question of law, a finding of fact is not open to challenge in second appeal, even if the appreciation of evidence is palpably erroneous and the finding of fact incorrect as held in Ramchandra v. Ramalingam, AIR 1963 SC 302. An entirely new point, raised for the first time, before the High Court, is not a question involved in the case, unless it goes to the root of the matter.
37. The principles relating to Section 100 CPC relevant for this case may be summarised thus :
(i) An inference of fact from the recitals or contents of a document is a question of fact, but the legal effect of the terms of a document is a question of law. Construction of a document, involving the application of any principle of law, is also a question of law. Therefore, when there is misconstruction of a document or wrong application of a principle of law in construing a document, it gives rise to a question of law.
(ii) The High Court should be satisfied that the case involves a substantial question of law, and not a mere question of law. A question of law having a material bearing on the decision of the case (that is, a question, answer to which affects the rights of parties to the suit) will be a substantial question of law, if it is not covered by any specific provisions of law or settled legal principle emerging from binding precedents, and, involves a debatable legal issue.
(iii) A substantial question of law will also arise in a contrary situation, where the legal position is clear, either on account of express provisions of law or binding precedents, but the Court below has decided the matter, either ignoring or acting contrary to such legal principle. In the second type of cases, the substantial question of law arises not because the law is still debatable, but because the decision rendered on a material question, violates the settled position of law.
(iv) The general rule is, that High Court will not interfere with the concurrent findings of the Courts below. But it is not an absolute rule.
Some of the well-recognised exceptions are (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (8 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] where (i) the courts below have ignored material evidence or acted on no evidence; (ii) the courts have drawn wrong inferences from proved facts by applying the law erroneously; or (iii)the courts have wrongly cast the burden of proof. A decision based on no evidence, does not refer only to cases where there is a total dearth of evidence, but also refers to case, where the evidence, taken as a whole, is not reasonably capable of supporting the finding."
17- iwoZ esa of.kZr uthj eksgEen okys ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)karksa dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij fopkj fd;k x;kA 18- bl ekeys esa oknh fooknxzLr laifRr Lo;a dh feyfd;r edcwtk gksuk crk jgk gS vkSj izfroknh Lo;a dh iqjkus dCts dh Hkwfe crk jgk gSA izfroknh }kjk Lo;a dh feyfd;r gksuk ugha] cfYd Hkwfe uxjifj"kn dh gksuk crk;kA oknh laLFkk dks izfroknh dks csn[ky djus dk vf/kdkj ugha gksuk crk;k x;k gSA bl ekeys esa ;g Lohd`r fLFkfr gS fd [kljk uacj 269@707] 1964 esa 99 o"kZ dh yht ij 4 ch?kk 10 fcLok Hkwfe oknh dks vkoafVr Fkh] ftlds laca/k esa izn'kZ 2 tekcanh oknh ds gd esa gksuk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy esa Hkh crk;k x;k gSA izn'kZ 2 dk voyksdu fd;k x;k] ftlds eqrkfcd [kljk uacj 259@707] 4-10 ch?kk Hkwfe ukxkSj xzkeks|ksx la?k dks o"kZ 1964 esa 99 o"kZ ds fy, jkT; ljdkj }kjk nh gqbZ gksuk Li"V gSA vihykFkhZ }kjk viuh vihy esa izn'kZ 10 dks Hkh vk/kkfjr fd;k gSA izn'kZ 10 dk voyksdu fd;kA dk;kZy; ftyk dysDVj] ukxkSj dh ^^cSBd dk;Zokgh fooj.k^^ fnukad 19-07-2016 dk gS] ftlesa ftyk lrZdrk lfefr] ukxkSj ds le{k vkuan 'kekZ ea=h ftyk [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k] ukxkSj }kjk ukxkSj ftyk xzkeks|ksx la?k] ukxkSj laLFkk dh Hkwfe ij iVokjh Jo.k yky iq= tksxkjke dk tcju dCtk gksuk crk;k x;k gS vkSj vfrØe.k [kkyh djokus ds fy, fuosnu fd;k x;kA bl izdj.k ij ftyk lrZdrk lfefr ij fopkj fd;k x;kA bl dk;Zokgh ls iwoZ mi[k.M vf/kdkjh] ukxkSj dks funsZ'k fn;k x;k Fkk fd fo'ks"kK vkj- vkbZ- o iVokjh dh ,d jktLo Vhe cuk dj ukxkSj ftyk xzkeks|ksx la?k ukxkSj laLFkk dh Hkwfe dk lhekadu dj rjehe djkosaA lhekadu djrs le; eqLrfdy ikWbZaV jsYos ykbu dh lhek dks ekuk tkosA 19- rglhynkj] ukxkSj }kjk fnukad 08-06-2016 }kjk voxr djk;k fd [kljk uacj 259@707 jdck 4-10 ch?kk dk lhekKku djus ij ik;k fd mDr Hkwfe [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k ds ikl jsdMZ ls 1-05-12 ch?kk vf/kd Hkwfe ij dCtk gS] ftl ij cSBd esa ;g funsZ'k fd;k x;k fd [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k dh Hkwfe dh rjehe djokuk lqfuf'pe djok;k tkos vkSj vxj vkoafVr Hkwfe ls vykok Hkwfe ikbZ tkrh gS rks mDr (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (9 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] Hkwfe vxj [kknh xzkeks|ksx vkoafVr djokuk pkgrk gS rks uxjifj"kn ds Lrj ij dk;Zokgh djus esa l{ke gSA 20- ftl ij mi[k.M vf/kdkjh }kjk i= fnukad 13-07-2016 }kjk voxr djk;k fd Hkwfe rjehe djokus ls v/;{k o lnL;ksa }kjk euk dj fn;k x;k vkSj vf/kd Hkwfe dCts esa j[kuk pkgrs gaSA ^^xzkeks|ksx la?k ds ikl fjdkWMZ ij 1-05-12 ch?kk vf/kd Hkwfe ij dkfct gS] ftlesa Hkwfe ds iwoZ fn'kk dh rjQ dk;kZy;] Hkou] nqdkusa vkfn cus gq, gSa] if'pe fn'kk esa vf/kdka'k Hkwfe vkcknh [kkyh gS] mRrj fn'kk dh rjQ nhokj ds lgkjs cqudjksa ds fy, 'ksM cus gq, gSa] iwoZ fn'kk esa jsyos ykbu rd [kkyh Hkwfe gS^^ ftl ij vkoaVu i=koyh esa feyku dj uD'kk esa rjehe lqfuf'pr djus dk funsZ'k fn;k x;kA 21- izR;FkhZ&oknh dh vksj ls ihMCY;w 01 vtqZunkl }kjk vius l'kiFk c;ku esa 4 ch?kk 10 fcLok tehu vkoafVr gqbZ gksuk crk;k x;k gSA mi[k.M vf/kdkjh dh lrdZrk lfefr dks Hksth xbZ fjiksVZ o rglhynkj dh vksj ls lrdZrk lfefr dks Hksth xbZ fjiksVZ dks Hkh iznf'kZr djok;k x;kA bl xokg us viuh ftjg esa dgk fd oknh la?k ds 5 ch?kk 15 fcLok tehu ikbZ xbZ] ftl ij lrdZrk lfefr us vf/k'ks"k tehu tks [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k ds dCts esa gS] mldk fof/kor fu;eu djokus ds fy, uxjifj"kn dks vkns'k fn;k Fkk] D;ksafd ml le; Hkwfe uxjikfydk esa gLrkarfjr gks pqdh Fkh] blfy, mudks vf/kdkj Fkk] ftl ij xzkeks|ksx dh vksj vkosnu dj fn;k x;k tks fopkjk/khu gSA ftjg esa ;g dgk fd izn'kZ 10 ds , ls ch Hkkx esa vkoaVu@fu;eu@vfrØe.k ds laca/k esa fu;ekuqlkj dk;Zokgh dk fy[kk gS vkSj ;g Li"V fd;k fd [kknh xzkeks|ksx dk dCtk laiw.kZ 5 ch?kk 15 fcLok Hkwfe ij vkoaVu ds le; ls pyk vk jgk gSA 22- bl ekeys esa dk;kZy; ftyk dysDVj] ukxkSj ds vkns'k fnukad 23-10-2004 dks Hkh iznf'kZr djok;k gS] mlesa [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k] ukxkSj ls 5 ch?kk dh yht djokbZ] bl vkns'k esa of.kZr jkf'k olwyh ;ksX; gksuk djkj fn;k x;k gSA 23- izfroknh dh vksj ls ijhf{kr xokg dks uxjifj"kn }kjk tkjh iV~Vk ftjg esa VsaMj fd;k x;k] tks bl ekeys esa iznf'kZr gqvk gS] tks iV~Vk dk;kZy; uxjifj"kn] ukxkSj }kjk fnukad 18-02-2022 dks tkjh fd;k x;k gS] tks 1474-22 oxZxt dk gSA 24- nkSjkus cgl iV~Vk fof/klEer rjhds ls tkjh ugha gksus dh vkifRr dh] ijarq ;g iV~Vk [kkfjt ugha fd;k x;k gS vkSj okni= ds yafcr jgus ds nkSjku uxjifj"kn }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gSA (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (10 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] 25- bl izdkj bl ekeys esa izn'kZ 10 ds voyksdu ls gh ;g Li"V gS fd ftyk [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k dh vksj ls viuh Hkwfe ij fd;s x;s dCts dks gVkus dh dk;Zokgh gsrq vkosnu fd;k x;k Fkk] ftl ij oknh la?k dk dCtk 1-05-12 ch?kk Hkwfe ij vf/kd ik;k x;k vkSj mudh Hkwfe ij nhokj ds lgkjs cqudjksa ds fy, 'ksM cuk gqvk gksuk ik;k x;k] ftlds laca/k esa okn ds yafcr jgrs uxjifj"kn ls iV~Vk tkjh djok;k x;k gSA 26- Indian Easements Act, 1882 dh /kkjk 52 esa ykbZlsal dks ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gS vkSj /kkjk 53 esa dkSu ykbZlsal ns ldrk gS] mldk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls tks iwoZ esa of.kZr nqxkZnsoh okyk ekeyk izLrqr fd;k x;k] og /kkjk 51 Vhih ,DV ls lacaf/kr gS] tks bl ekeys esa lqlaxr ugha gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar Chandavarkar Sita Ratna Rao V/s Ashalata S. Guram (1986) O Supreme (S.C.) 349 iSjk la[;k 60 esa 'Licence' ds ckjs esa fuEukuqlkj Li"V fd;k x;k gS%& "The Indian Easements Act, 1882 defines 'Licence'. Section 53 of the said Act stipulates that a licence may be granted by any one in the circumstances and to the extent to which he may transfer his interests in the property 'affected by the licence'. Licence is a privilege to do something on the premises which otherwise would be unlawful.
Licence is a personal privilege. See B.M. Lall v.
Dunlop Rubber & Co. Ltd. & Ors., [1968] 1 SCR 23."
27- /kkjk 53 Indian Easements Act, 1882 ds vuqlkj ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrk fd okni= izLrqr djus ds le; oknh la?k dk ekfydkuk gd fooknxzLr laifRr ij ugha FkkA bl vk/kkj ij iwoZ esa Hkh oknh la?k izfroknhx.k dks ykbZlsal nsus ds fy, l{ke u gks] ftl izdkj fdjk;k fu;a=.k vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj Hkw&Lokeh fdjk;snkj ds laca/kksa ds fy, Hkw&Lokeh dk laifRr dk ekfyd gksuk vko';d ugha gS] mlh vuq:i ykbZlsalj dks ykbZlsalh ds fo#) izLrqr okn esa fooknxzLr laifRr ds laca/k esa ekfydkuk gd lkfcr djuk vko';d ugha gSA izn'kZ 10 ds eqrkfcd 4-10 ch?kk ls vf/kd dk dCtk oknh la?k dk Fkk vkSj mu ij vf/kd dCts esa cqudjksa ds edku cus gq, Fks] mUgha edkuksa ij izfroknhx.k dkfct gSa vkSj mlh Hkwfe ds laca/k esa dkykarj esa iV~Vk uxjifj"kn ls izkIr dj fy;k tkuk bl ekeys ds fjdkWMZ ls Li"V gSA ,slh voLFkk esa ykbZlsal nsrs oDr feyfe;rh vf/kdkj ugha gksus ek= ls izfroknhx.k ;g vk/kkj ugha ys ldrs fd oknh la?k mUgsa csn[ky djus dh dk;Zokgh ugha dj ldrk] dsoy uxjifj"kn gh mUgsa csn[ky djus dh dk;Zokgh dj ldrk gksA bl ekeys esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; o izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dh concurrent findings oknh dk ykbZlsalj o izfroknh dk ykbZlsalh gksuk vkSj ykbZlsal Revoke gks (Downloaded on 29/07/2025 at 09:43:42 PM) [2025:RJ-JD:33251] (11 of 11) [CSA-192/2025] tkus ls izfroknhx.k ls dCtk oknh la?k dks izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gksuk vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA 28- ,slh voLFkk esa bl ekeys ds rF;ksa o lk{;ksa ds ifjizs{k esa vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrkfor ;k dksbZ vU; Substantial question of law cuuk ugha ik;k tkrk gSA ,slh voLFkk esa rhuksa vihy vihykFkhZx.k [kkfjt fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA 29- vr% rhuksa izdj.kksa esa vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr vihys [kkfjt dh tkrh gSaA izR;sd ekeys esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; flfoy U;k;k/kh'k] ukxkSj ds fu.kZ; fnukafdr 14-12-2023 vkSj izR;sd ekeys esa vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr izFke vihy esa vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k la[;k 01] ukxkSj ds fu.kZ; fnukafdr 24-02-2025 dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA 30- rhuksa izdj.kksa esa bl fu.kZ; dh izfr fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; o izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dks Hksth tkosA yafcr izkFkZuk i= Hkh fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J 229-kumawat/-
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