Section 114(2) in The Bihar Government Estates (Khas-Mahal) Manual, 1953
(2)Agricultural deterioration has been described by the Government of India as including (1) occasional failure, that is, "Sudden distress due to unforeseen calamity, such as failure of rain, hailstorms, inundation, etc., requiring as a rule, immediate relief", (2) gradual failure, that is, "gradual deterioration due to ascertainable causes, requiring early and special measures of prevention and relief", instance of which are cattle murrain, swamping due to interference with drainage by railway embankments or canals, the growth of noxious weeds and causes which gradually reduce the value of land or affect the prosperity of the people, and (3) persistent failure, that is, failure to reach the highest attainable standard of production due to causes or defects of a more or less persistent character and requiring prolonged investigation, such as want of irrigation, frequent liability to failure of rain, insufficiency in the wood or fuel supply, cattle-diseases, plant diseases and blights, want of drainage, the prevalence of saline efflorescence, proved imperfections in agricultural practice, the want of suitable manures, and so on.
