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Gujarat High Court

Chaudhary Hiteshbhai Karshanbhai & 3 vs State Of Gujarat & on 11 June, 2015

Author: Abhilasha Kumari

Bench: Abhilasha Kumari

       R/CR.MA/9883/2015                                 JUDGMENT




          IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

    CRIMINAL MISC.APPLICATION (FOR QUASHING & SET ASIDE
                           FIR/ORDER) NO. 9883 of 2015

FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:


HONOURABLE SMT. JUSTICE ABHILASHA KUMARI
================================================================

1   Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed           Yes
    to see the judgment ?

2   To be referred to the Reporter or not ?                    Yes

3   Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of        No
    the judgment ?

4   Whether this case involves a substantial question of        No
    law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of
    India or any order made thereunder ?

================================================================
      CHAUDHARY HITESHBHAI KARSHANBHAI & 3....Applicant(s)
                           Versus
            STATE OF GUJARAT & 1....Respondent(s)
================================================================
Appearance:
MR PRATIK B BAROT, ADVOCATE for the Applicant(s) No. 1 - 4
MR SADIK A ANSARI, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 2
MR LB DABHI, LEARNED ADDITIONAL PUBLIC PROSECUTOR for the
Respondent(s) No. 1
================================================================

        CORAM: HONOURABLE SMT. JUSTICE ABHILASHA
               KUMARI

                                Date : 11/06/2015


                                ORAL JUDGMENT
Page 1 of 26

R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT

1. Rule.   Mr.L.B.   Dabhi,   learned   Additional   Public  Prosecutor,   waives   service   of   notice   of   Rule   for  respondent   No.1.   Mr.   Sadik   A.   Ansari,   learned  advocate,   waives   service   of   notice   of   Rule   for  respondent No.2 (complainant). On the facts and in the  circumstances of the case and with the consent of the  learned   counsel   for   the   respective   parties,   the  application is being heard and decided finally.

2. By preferring this application under Section 482  of  the   Code  of  Criminal  Procedure,   1973   ("the   Code" 

for   short),   the   applicants   have,   inter­alia,   prayed  that the First Information Report being C.R. No.I­31  of   2015,   registered   with   Visnagar   Taluka   Police  Station against the present applicants on 29.03.2015,  at   the   behest   of   respondent   No.2   (complainant)   for  offences punishable under Sections 394324 and 114 of  the Indian Penal Code and Section 135 of the Gujarat  Police Act, may be quashed and set aside. The FIR in  question   was   filed   against   the   applicants   by  respondent   No.2­   original   complainant   on   the  allegations that on 28.03.2015, when the complainant  was   passing   through   the   Wada   of   accused,   Chaudhary  Page 2 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT Karshanbhai Khumabhai, at about 5:30 in the evening,  applicant No.1 Chaudhary Hiteshbhai Karshanbhai all of  a sudden ran towards him with a Dhariya in his hands  and   inflicted   a   blow,   due   to   which   the   complainant  fell down. It is further alleged that applicant No.2­ Chaudhary Karshanbhai Khumabhai, along with applicants  Nos.3   and   4,   Chaudhary   Jayantibhai   Khumabhai   and  Chaudhary Ambaben Karshanbhai respectively, rushed in  with   iron   rods   in   their   hands   and   soon   after,  applicant No.4 inflicted a rod blow on the right hand  of   the   complainant.   Indiscriminate   blows   were  inflicted   by   the   accused   persons.   Thereafter,   the  village people gathered there and the complainant was  rescued   from   further  beating.  In  the   process,   it   is  alleged that two gold rings which the complainant was  wearing   on   his   fingers   were   snatched   by   applicant  No.1. The gold chain worn by the complainant was also  snatched. Under the circumstances, the FIR in question  came to be registered.

3. Before   this   Court,   it   is   the   case   of   the  applicants,   as   endorsed   by   respondent   No.2  (complainant)   by   filing   an   affidavit   affirmed   on  Page 3 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT 26.05.2015,   that   the   dispute   between   them   has   been  amicably   settled.   All   of   them   hail   from   the   same  community   and   are   residents   of   the   same   village.  Feelings   of   brotherhood   now   prevail   between   the  parties   and   a   Settlement   Deed   dated   12.05.2015   has  been   drawn   up   between   them,   which   is   annexed   along  with the affidavit. It is further stated by respondent  No.2 in the affidavit that in view of the settlement,  he has no objection, if the FIR in question is quashed  and set aside by this Court.

4. It   may   be   noted   that   prior   to   the   settlement  between the parties, the applicants had preferred an  application under Section 482 of the Code for quashing  the very same FIR, which was permitted to be withdrawn  by this Court vide order dated 21.04.2015, passed in  Criminal   Misc.   Application   No.7453   of   2015.   It   is  after the withdrawal of the said application, that the  settlement   has   been   arrived   at   between   the   parties,  which   is   recorded   in   the   Settlement   Deed   dated  12.05.2015. Pursuant thereto, the present application  has been preferred.

Page 4 of 26

R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT

5. Mr.Pratik   B.   Barot,   learned   advocate   for   the  applicants, has submitted that the present application  has   been   preferred   under   changed   circumstances,  therefore, the withdrawal of the earlier application  would   not   come   in   the   way   of   this   Court   in  entertaining the present application and granting the  prayers made therein.

5.1 In support of the above submissions, the learned  advocate for the applicants has placed reliance upon  the following judgments:

(1) Simrikhia   Vs.   Dolley   Mukherjee   and   Chhabi   Mukherjee  and  another  reported in (1990)  2  SCC 437 (2) State   represented   by   DSP,   SB   CID,   Chennai   Vs.   K.V.   Rajendran   and   others  reported   in  (2008)8 SCC 673 5.2 Insofar as the exercise of powers under Section  482 of the Code, in view of the compromise between the  parties   is   concerned,   the   learned   advocate   for   the  applicants has relied upon a judgment of the Supreme  Court   in  Vijayander   Kumar   and   others   Vs.   State   of   Page 5 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT Rajasthan  and another  reported in  (2014) 3 SCC 389. 

He  has   further  pressed   into   service  the   judgment   of  the   Supreme   Court   in   the   case   of  Madan   Mohan   Abbot   Vs. State of Punjab reported in (2008) 4 SCC 582.

6. Mr.L.B.Dabhi,   learned   Additional   Public  Prosecutor,   has   submitted   that   the   law   ought   to   be  permitted   to   take   its   own   course,   therefore,   the  prayers made in the application may not be granted.

7. Mr.Sadik   A.   Ansari,   learned   advocate   for  respondent No.2, has reiterated the stand of the said  respondent   (complainant)   as   encapsulated   in   the  affidavit filed by him. He has stated that in view of  the   fact   that   the   applicants   and   the   complainant  belong to the same village and a settlement has been  arrived   at   between   them,   the   prayers   made   in   the  application   for   quashing   the   FIR   and   resultant  proceedings, may be granted.

8. This Court has heard the learned counsel for the  respective parties and perused the averments made in  the application and other documents on record. Page 6 of 26

R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT

9. The   applicants   had   earlier   preferred   an  application   under   Section   482   of   the   Code,   praying  for the quashing the very same FIR that is in question  in   the   present   petition.   That   application   was  permitted to be withdrawn by this Court as is recorded  in   the   order   dated   21.04.2015,   passed   in   Criminal  Misc. Application No.7453 of 2015.

10. In  Simrikhia   Vs.   Dolley   Mukherjee   and   Chhabi   Mukherjee and another  (supra),  the Supreme Court was  dealing with the question whether power under Section  482   of   the   Code   could   be   exercised   on   a   second  application  by  the   same  party,   on   the   same   grounds.  The principles of law enunciated by the Supreme Court  in this regard, are extracted hereinbelow:

"3. The   learned   counsel   for   the   appellant   contended  before   us  that  the  second  application  under   Section   482   Code   of   Criminal   Procedure,  1973 was not entertainable, the exercise of power   under Section 482, on a second application by the  same party on the same grounds virtually amounts   to   the   review   of   the   earlier   order   and   is  contrary to the spirit of Section 362 of the Code  of   Criminal   Procedure,   1973   and   the   High   Court  Page 7 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT was,   therefore,   clearly     in   error   in  having  quashed the proceedings by adopting that  course.  We find considerable force in the contention of  the   learned   counsel.   The   inherent   power   under  Section 482 is intended to prevent the abuse of  the process of the court and to secure ends of  justice.   Such   power   cannot   be   exercised   to   do   something   which   is   expressly   barred   under   the  Code. If any consideration of the facts by way of  review is not permissible under the Code and is  expressly   barred,   it   is   not   for   the   court   to   exercise   its   inherent   power   to   reconsider   the  matter   and   record   a   conflicting   decision.  If   there   had   been   change   in   the   circumstances   of  the   case,   it   would   be   in   order   for   the   High   Court   to   exercise   its   inherent   powers   in   the   prevailing   circumstances   and   pass   appropriate   orders   to   secure   the   ends   of   justice   or   to   prevent  the abuse  of the process  of the court.   Where there is no such changed circumstances and   the decision has to be arrived at on the facts  that existed as on the date of the earlier order,  the exercise of the power to reconsider the same  materials to arrive at different conclusion is in   effect a review, which is expressly barred under   Section 362." 

(emphasis supplied)

11. Similar principles of law have been enunciated by  the Supreme Court in  Vijayander Kumar and others Vs.   Page 8 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT State  of   Rajasthan  and  another  (supra), wherein the  Supreme Court stated as below:

"9. The   learned   Senior   Counsel   for   the   appellants also placed reliance upon the judgment  of this Court in Devendra v. State of U.P., only  to highlight that a second petition under Section   482   Code   of   Criminal   Procedure,   1973   can   be  entertained  because   the  order  of  the  Magistrate  taking   cognizance   gives   rise   to   a   new   cause   of  action.   This   issue   does   not   require   any   deliberation   because   the   learned   Senior   Counsel  for Respondent 2, the informant, has not raised  any objection to the maintainability of petition  under   Section   482   Code   of   Criminal   Procedure,  1973."

12. In the present case, the facts reveal that after  the withdrawal of the earlier application, there has  been   a   change   in   circumstances,   inasmuch   as   a  settlement has been arrived at between the parties. In  light   of   the   principles   of   law   enunciated   by   the  Supreme Court in the above judgment, this Court is of  the   view   that   the   present   application   would   be  maintainable in view of the changed circumstances. Page 9 of 26

R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT

13. This   view   is   further   fortified   by   another  judgment of the Supreme Court in   State  represented   by   DSP,   SB   CID,   Chennai   Vs.   K.V.   Rajendran   and   others   (supra),   wherein   the   Supreme   Court   has   held  that   in   a   case   where   there   is   a   subsequent  development, the appropriate remedy would be to file  an independent petition under Section 482 of the Code,  rather than reopening the disposed of petition.

14. Regarding the aspect whether the FIR in question  can be quashed in exercise of power under Section 482  of the Code, especially when one of the allegations is  that under Section 394 relating to voluntarily causing  hurt in committing robbery, reference may be made to  the   judgment   of   the   Supreme   Court   in   the   case   of  Shiji Alias Pappu and others Vs. Radhika and another   reported   in  (2011)   10   SCC   705,   wherein   the   Supreme  Court has held as below:

"5. We   have   heard   learned   counsel   for   the  parties  and  perused  the  impugned  order.  Section  320 of the Cr.P.C. enlists offences     that are  compoundable   with   the   permission   of   the   Court  before whom the prosecution is pending and those   Page 10 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT that   can   be   compounded   even   without   such  permission.   An offence punishable under Section  354 of the IPC is in terms of Section 320(2)   of  the Code compoundable at the instance of     the  woman against whom the offence is committed. To  that extent, therefore, there is no   difficulty  in either quashing the proceedings or compounding  the   offence   under   Section   354,   of   which   the  appellants   are   accused,   having       regard   to   the  fact that the alleged victim of   the offence has   settled the matter with the   alleged assailants.  An offence punishable   under Section 394 IPC is   not,   however,   compoundable   with   or   without   the   permission of the Court concerned. The question   is   whether   the       High       Court       could       and   ought     to     have     exercised  its power under   Section 482 Cr.P.C. for quashing the prosecution   under the said     provision in the light of the   compromise that   the parties have arrived at.
6. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted   that   the   first   informant­complainant   had,   in  the   affidavit   filed   before   this   Court,   clearly   admitted   that   the   complaint   in   question   was   lodged   by  her  on  account  of a misunderstanding   and  misconception  about  the  facts  and  that   the   offences of which the appellants stand   accused   are   purely   personal   in   nature   arising   out   of   personal   disputes   between   the   parties.   It   was   also evident that the complainant was no longer   Page 11 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT supporting   the   version   on   which   the   prosecution   rested   its   case   against   the   appellants.  According   to   the   learned   counsel  there   was   no   question   of   the   Trial   Court  recording a conviction against the appellants in  the light of what the complainant had stated on  affidavit.   That   was   all   the   more   so,   when   the   other  two  prosecution  witnesses   were  none  other  than   the   husband   and   the   brother   of   the   complainant   who   too   were   not   supporting   the  charges   against   the   appellants.  Such   being   the   case, continuance of criminal trial against the   appellants   was   nothing   but   an   abuse   of   the   process of law and waste of valuable time of the   Courts   below.   Exercise   of   power   by   the   High   Court under Section 482 Cr.P.C. to prevent such   abuse   is   perfectly   justified,   contended   the   learned  counsel.  Reliance in support was placed  by   the   learned   counsel   upon   the   decision   of  this Court in Madan Mohan Abbot's case."

(emphasis supplied) In   the   context   of   the   above   submissions,   the  Supreme Court after examining several decisions of the  Supreme Court, further held as below:

"18. Having said so, we must hasten to add that  the plenitude of the power under Section 482 Code  of Criminal Procedure, 1973 by itself, makes it  obligatory   for   the   High   Court   to   exercise   the   Page 12 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT same with utmost care and caution. The width and  the nature of the power itself demands that its  exercise is sparing and only in cases where the  High Court is, for reasons to be recorded, of the  clear   view   that   continuance   of   the   prosecution  would be nothing but an abuse of the process of  law. It is neither necessary nor proper for us to  enumerate the situation in which the exercise of   power   under   Section   482   may   be   justified.   All   that we need to say is that the exercise of power   must be for securing the ends of justice and only  in cases where refusal to exercise that power may  result in the abuse of the process of law. The  High   Court   may   be   justified   in   declining  interference if it is called upon to appreciate  evidence   for   it   cannot   assume   the   role   of   an   appellate   court   while   dealing   with   a   petition  under Section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code.   Subject to the above, the High Court will have to  consider the facts and circumstance of each case   to determine whether it is a fit case in which   the inherent powers may be invoked. 
19. Coming   to   the   case   at   hand,   we   are   of   the   view   that   the   incident   in   question   had   its  genesis   in   a   dispute   relating   to   the   access   to  the two plots which are adjacent to each other.  It was not a case of broad daylight robbery for  gain. It was a case which has its origin in the  civil dispute between the parties, which dispute  has,   it   appears,   been   resolved   by   them.  That   Page 13 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT being   so,   continuance   of   the   prosecution   where   the   complainant   is   not   ready   to   support   the   allegations   which   are   now   described   by   her   as   arising   out   of   some   "misunderstanding   and   misconception"   will   be   a   futile   exercise   that   will serve no purpose. It is noteworthy that the   two   alleged   eyewitnesses,   who   are   closely   related  to  the   complainant,  are  also   no  longer   supportive   of   the   prosecution   version.   The   continuance   of   the   proceedings   is   thus   nothing   but   an   empty   formality.   Section   482   Code   of   Criminal   Procedure,   1973   could,   in   such   circumstances,   be   justifiably   invoked   by   the   High   Court   to   prevent   abuse   of   the   process   of   law   and   thereby   preventing   a   wasteful   exercise   by the courts below."

(emphasis supplied)

15. Further,   in   the   case   of  Madan   Mohan   Abbot   Vs.   State  of  Punjab  (supra),  the Supreme Court has held  that   it   is   advisable   that   in   disputes   where   the  question involved is of a purely personal nature, the  Courts   should   ordinarily   accept   the   terms   of  compromise,   even   in   criminal   proceedings,   since  keeping   the   matter   alive,   with   no   possibility   of   a  result in favour of the prosecution, is a luxury which  the courts, grossly overburdened as they are, cannot  Page 14 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT afford. The time so saved can be utilised in deciding  more effective and meaningful litigation. The relevant  paragraphs of the judgment are quoted hereinbelow:

"5.  It is on the basis of this compromise that the   application was filed in the High Court for quashing   of   proceedings   which   has   been   dismissed   by   the   impugned order. We notice from a reading of the FIR   and the other documents on record that the dispute   was   purely   a   personal   one   between   two   contesting   parties and that it arose out of extensive business   dealings between them and that there was absolutely   no   public   policy   involved   in   the   nature   of   the  allegations   made   against   the   accused.   We   are,   therefore,   of   the   opinion   that   no   useful   purpose   would  be   served   in   continuing  with   the   proceedings   in the light of the compromise and also in the light   of the fact that the complainant has, on 11­1­2004   passed   away   and   the   possibility   of   a   conviction   being recorded has thus to be ruled out. 
6.   We   need   to   emphasise   that   it   is   perhaps   advisable   that   in   disputes   where   the   question   involved   is   of   a   purely   personal   nature,   the   court should ordinarily accept the terms of the   compromise   even   in   criminal   proceedings   as   keeping the matter alive with no possibility of   a   result   in   favour   of   the   prosecution   is   a   luxury which the courts, grossly overburdened as   they   are,   cannot   afford   and   that   the   time   so   saved can be utilized in deciding more effective   and   meaningful   litigation.   This   is   a   common   Page 15 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT sense approach to the matter based on ground of   realities   and   bereft   of   the   technicalities   of   the law."

(emphasis supplied)

16. In the case of Gian Singh v. State of Punjab And   Another  reported   in  (2012)   10   SCC   303,   the   Supreme  Court has dealt with the question whether the inherent  power   of   the   High   Court   under   Section   482   to   quash  criminal   proceedings   involving   non­compoundable  proceedings,   in   view   of   a   compromise   arrived   at  between the parties can be exercised and, if so, under  what   circumstances.   It   has  been   held   by   the   Supreme  Court   that   where   the   offences   concerned   are   purely  private   offences   and  do  not   involve  any   question   of  public policy, the power to quash criminal proceedings  on   the   basis   of   a   compromise   can   be   exercised.  However, where the offences are serious and heinous in  nature, such power ought not ordinarily to be used. It  has been elaborated by the Supreme Court in the above  decision,   that   offences   arising   from   commercial,  financial,   mercantile,   civil,   partnership   or   like  transactions   or   offences   arising   out   of   matrimony  relating to dowry, etc. or  family disputes where the  Page 16 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT wrong is basically private or personal in nature and  parties   have   resolved   the   dispute,   come   under   the  category   of   offences   where   the   criminal   proceedings  may   be   quashed   after   the   parties   have   amicably  resolved and settled the issue. The principles of law  enunciated by the Supreme Court in the above decision  are   encapsulated   in   the   following   paragraph   of   the  judgment:

"61.   The   position   that   emerges   from   the   above   discussion can be summarised thus: the power of   the High Court in quashing a criminal proceeding  or FIR or complaint in exercise of its inherent   jurisdiction   is   distinct   and   different   from   the  power given to a criminal court for compounding   the   offences   under   Section   320   of   the   Code.  Inherent   power   is   of   wide   plenitude   with   no  statutory limitation but it has to be exercised   in   accord   with   the   guideline   engrafted   in   such  power viz; (i) to secure the ends of justice or  
(ii)   to   prevent   abuse   of   the   process   of   any   Court. In what cases power to quash the criminal   proceeding or complaint or F.I.R may be exercised   where the offender and victim have settled their   dispute   would   depend   on   the   facts   and   circumstances of each case and no category can be  prescribed.   However,   before   exercise   of   such  power, the High Court must have due regard to the   nature   and   gravity   of   the   crime.   Heinous  and  Page 17 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT serious offences of mental depravity or  offences  like   murder,   rape,   dacoity,   etc.   cannot   be  fittingly   quashed   even   though   the   victim   or  victims family and the offender have settled the  dispute. Such offences are not private in nature  and   have   serious   impact   on   society.   Similarly,   any compromise between the victim and offender in  relation   to   the   offences   under   special   statutes  like Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences   committed   by   public   servants   while   working   in  that capacity etc; cannot provide for any basis   for quashing criminal proceedings involving such   offences.  But   the   criminal   cases   having   overwhelmingly   and   pre­dominatingly   civil   flavour   stand   on   different   footing   for   the   purposes of quashing,  particularly  the offences   arising   from   commercial,   financial,   mercantile,   civil, partnership or such like transactions or   the   offences   arising   out   of   matrimony   relating   to dowry, etc. or the family disputes where the   wrong is basically private or personal in nature   and   the   parties   have   resolved   their   entire   dispute.   In   this   category  of   cases,   High   Court   may  quash  criminal   proceedings   if   in   its   view,   because   of   the   compromise   between   the   offender   and   victim,   the   possibility   of   conviction   is   remote   and   bleak   and   continuation   of   criminal   case   would   put   accused   to   great   oppression   and   prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused   to him by not quashing the criminal case despite   Page 18 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT full and complete settlement and compromise with   the victim.  In other words, the High Court must   consider whether it would be unfair or contrary   to the interest of justice to continue with the   criminal   proceeding   or   continuation   of   the  criminal proceeding would tantamount to abuse of  process of law despite settlement and compromise  between the victim and wrongdoer and whether to   secure   the   ends   of   justice,   it   is   appropriate  that criminal case is put to an end and if the  answer   to   the   above   question(s)   is   in   affirmative, the High Court shall be well within   its   jurisdiction   to   quash   the   criminal  proceeding."

(emphasis supplied)

17. In a later judgment in the case of Narinder Singh   and others Vs. State of Punjab and another  reported  in  (2014)   6   SCC   466,  the   Supreme   Court   after  examining   the   entire   law   on   the   point   whether   the  criminal proceedings ought to be quashed on the ground  of   a   compromise   between   the   parties   in   exercise   of  power   under   Section   482   of   the   Code   has   laid   down  clear principles of law as below:

"29.1 Power   conferred   under   Section   482     of  the     Code     is     to     be   distinguished   from   the  power which lies in the Court to   compound   the  Page 19 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT offences under Section 320 of the Code. No doubt,  under Section 482 of the Code, the High Court has  inherent     power     to     quash     the     criminal  proceedings   even   in   those   cases   which   are   not  compoundable,   where     the     parties   have   settled  the  matter  between  themselves. However,  this  power   is   to   be   exercised   sparingly   and   with  caution.
29.2 When   the   parties   have   reached   the  settlement     and     on     that   basis   petition   for   quashing   the   criminal     proceedings     is     filed,   the   guiding   factor   in   such   cases   would   be   to  secure:
(i) ends of justice, or
(ii)   to   prevent   abuse   of   the   process   of   any   Court.

While exercising the power the High Court is to   form   an   opinion   on   either of the aforesaid  two objectives.

29.3   Such   a   power   is   not   be     exercised     in  those     prosecutions   which   involve   heinous   and  serious     offences     of     mental     depravity     or   offences like murder, rape,  dacoity,  etc. Such   offences  are  not     private in nature and have   a   serious   impact   on   society.   Similarly,   for  offences   alleged   to   have   been   committed   under  special statute like the Prevention of Corruption   Act   or   the   offences   committed   by   Public  Page 20 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT Servants while working in that capacity are not  to be  quashed  merely on the basis of compromise   between the victim and the offender. 29.4 On the other, those criminal   cases   having  overwhelmingly   and   pre­dominantly   civil  character,   particularly   those   arising   out     of  commercial   transactions   or   arising   out   of  matrimonial   relationship     or   family   disputes  should be quashed when the parties have resolved  their entire disputes among themselves. 29.5 While exercising its powers, the High Court  is to  examine  as  to whether  the  possibility   of   conviction     is     remote     and     bleak     and   continuation     of     criminal     cases     would     put  the   accused   to great oppression and prejudice   and extreme injustice would be caused to  him by   not quashing the criminal cases.

29.6 Offences under Section 307 IPC would fall in   the   category   of   heinous   and     serious     offences   and therefore   is   to   be generally treated as   crime against the society  and  not  against  the  individual   alone.   However,   the  High   Court   would   not rest its  decision merely because there is a   mention   of   Section   307   IPC   in   the   FIR   or   the   charge is framed under this provision. It would  be   open   to     the     High   Court   to   examine   as   to  whether incorporation of   Section   307   IPC   is   there for the sake of it or the prosecution has   Page 21 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT collected   sufficient evidence, which if proved,  would   lead     to     proving     the   charge     under  Section   307   IPC.   For   this   purpose,   it   would   be   open to the High   Court to go by the nature   of   injury     sustained,   whether     such     injury     is   inflicted   on   the   vital/delegate   parts   of   the  body,   nature     of     weapons   used   etc.   Medical  report   in   respect   of   injuries   suffered   by   the  victim   can   generally   be   the   guiding   factor.   On  the basis of this prima  facie analysis, the High   Court   can   examine   as   to   whether   there   is     a   strong  possibility  of  conviction   or   the  chances   of   conviction   are   remote     and     bleak.   In   the   former   case   it   can   refuse   to   accept   the  settlement     and   quash   the   criminal   proceedings  whereas   in   the   later   case   it     would   be  permissible for the  High Court to    accept   the   plea  compounding  the offence based on complete   settlement     between     the     parties.     At     this   stage, the Court can also be swayed by the fact   that  the settlement between the parties is going  to   result   in   harmony   between   them     which     may   improve their future relationship. 29.7 While deciding whether to exercise its power   under Section 482 of the Code or not, timings of  settlement   play   a   crucial   role. Those cases  where   the   settlement   is   arrived   at   immediately  after   the         alleged   commission of   offence   and     the     matter     is       still   under   investigation,  the  High  Court  may  be liberal  Page 22 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT in     accepting     the   settlement   to   quash   the  criminal     proceedings/investigation.     It   is  because   of   the   reason   that   at   this   stage   the   investigation   is   still   on   and   even   the   charge  sheet has not been filed.  Likewise, those  cases  where   the   charge   is   framed   but   the   evidence   is  yet   to   start   or   the         evidence is   still   at  infancy  stage,  the  High  Court can   show   benevolence in exercising its powers favourably,  but   after   prima   facie   assessment   of   the   circumstances/material   mentioned   above.   On   the  other   hand,   where   the   prosecution   evidence   is  almost complete or  after  the conclusion of the  evidence   the   matter   is   at     the     stage     of  argument,  normally the High Court should refrain   from   exercising   its   power   under   Section   482   of  the Code, as in such cases the trial court would  be  in  a position to decide   the case  finally   on   merits   and   to   come   a conclusion as   to  whether  the  offence  under  Section  307  IPC   is   committed   or   not.   Similarly,   in   those   cases  where   the   conviction   is already recorded by  the   trial   court   and   the   matter   is   at   the  appellate   stage   before   the   High   Court,   mere  compromise   between   the   parties   would     not   be   a  ground   to   accept   the     same     resulting     in   acquittal  of  the offender who has already been  convicted  by  the  trial  court.  Here charge is  proved under Section   307   IPC   and   conviction  is     already   recorded   of   a   heinous  crime   and,  therefore, there is   no   question   of  sparing a  Page 23 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT convict found guilty of such a crime."

18. Examining the case of the applicants in light of  the   above   principles   of   law,   in   the   view   of   this  Court, it would be in furtherance of the intent and  purpose for which Section 482 of the Code was enacted  by the Legislature, that is to prevent abuse of the  process of any Court or otherwise to secure the ends  of justice, if the present proceedings are quashed. 

19. It   would   be   clear   from   the   nature   of   the  allegations made against the applicants in the FIR in  question   that   the   dispute   is   personal   in   nature.  According to the stand now taken by the complainant,  an amicable settlement has been arrived at between the  parties.   It   would   be   in   the   interest   of   peace   and  harmony   amongst   the   applicants   and   the   complainant,  who belong to the same community and are residents of  the   same   village,   that   the   dispute   between   them   is  brought   to   its  logical,  legal  end   by   exercising  the  power under Section 482 of the Code. 

20. It   may   be   noted   that   there   is   no   bar   to   the  exercise   of   power   under   Section   482   of   the   Code   in  Page 24 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT respect of the offence under Section 394 of the Indian  Penal Code, as stated by the Supreme Court in  Shiji   Alias   Pappu   and   others   Vs.   Radhika   and   another   (supra)  quoted   hereinabove.   The   other   offences   are  neither heinous nor serious in nature and the incident  appears to have occurred in the heat of the moment due  to   an   altercation   between   the   parties.   The  misunderstanding and misconception that has led to the  incident has now been cleared as is evident from the  affidavit filed by respondent No.2 (complainant). The  applicants   and   the   complainant   reside   in   the   same  village   and  in  the   interest   of   society  and   harmony,  if   the   power   under   Section   482   of   the   Code   is  exercised,   it   would   secure   the   ends   of   justice.   No  fruitful   purpose   would   be   served,   if   the   applicants  are   compelled   to   be   dragged   through   the   criminal  prosecution, especially when no hard feelings remain  between the parties.

21. For the aforestated reasons, this Court is of the  view that the following order would secure the ends of  justice:

The   FIR   being   C.R.   No.I­31   of   2015   registered  Page 25 of 26 R/CR.MA/9883/2015 JUDGMENT with the Visnagar Taluka Police Station on 29.03.2015  and any consequential proceedings are hereby quashed  and set aside.  

22. The   application   is   allowed   in   the   above   terms.  Rule is made absolute, accordingly.

Direct Service is permitted. 

(SMT. ABHILASHA KUMARI, J.) piyush Page 26 of 26