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[Cites 13, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

Fir No. 335/2007, Ps : Kotwali State vs . Jaspal Singh on 22 December, 2018

FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    


    IN THE COURT OF MM­08 (CENTRAL DISTRICT)
         TIS HAZARI COURTS COMPLEX, DELHI.
Presiding Officer: Dinesh Kumar, DJS.
IN THE MATTER OF : 
State Vs. Jaspal Singh
FIR No. 335/2007
PS  : Kotwali
U/S 279/304­A IPCSection 3/181 MV Act
Date of Institution                   : 20.02.2008
Date of reserving of order            : 22.12.2018
Date of Judgment                      : Oral
CNR No. DLCT02­000379­2008

J U D G M E N T

    1.           Serial No. of the case                             : 293332/16
    2.           Name of the Complainant                            : SI Arun Kumar
    3.           Date of incident                                   : 23.07.2007
    4.           Name of accused person                             :
                 Jaspal Singh S/o Sh. Amar Singh
                 R/o   WZ­140­A,   Street   No.7A,   Old
                 Shahebpura,   MBS   Nagar,   Tilak
                 Nagar, Delhi­18
   5.            Offence for which chargesheet
                 was filed                     : 279/304­A IPC 
                                               & Section 3/181196 M.V.  Act. 
   6.            Offence for which charge
                 has been framed               : 279/304­A IPC

             Page 1  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18
 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    


     7.          Plea of accused                                    :  Not guilty
     8.          Final Order                                        :  Acquitted
     9.          Date of Judgment                                   :  22.12.2018

BRIEF REASONS FOR ORDER:


1.

Mr. Jaspal Singh, the accused herein, has been chargesheeted   for   committing  offences  punishable  under Section   279/304­A,   Indian   Penal   Code   (45   of   1860) (hereinafter referred to as "IPC") and Section 3/181 MV Act. 

2. The   case   of   the   prosecution   is   that   on 23.07.2007  at  10  :00 a.m. at Ring Road, Opposite  CNC Crematorium, Delhi within the jurisdiction of P.S. Kotwali, Delhi,   accused   was   driving   a   TATA   Indica   Car   bearing registration   no.   DL1Y­8866   on   a   public   way   in   rash   or negligent   manner   so   as   to   endanger   human   life   and personal safety of others. While driving the said vehicle in the   aforesaid   manner,   the   accused   had   hit   against   one person namely Shailender Prasad   and caused his death. On the basis of information, present FIR was registered. The   accused   was   having   only   non   commercial   driving license.  After completion of investigation 'final report' was              Page 2  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     filed by the Investigation Officer (IO) in the Court and the accused   was   charge­sheeted   for   the   offence   punishable under Section 279/304­A, Indian Penal Code and Section 3/181 MV Act. A separate kalandara for the offence under Section 146/196 MV Act was filed against the owner of the offending vehicle as the vehicle was without insurance.

3. After   perusing   the   record,   cognizance   was taken by the Ld. Predecessor and summons were issued to the accused. Accused appeared in the Court. Compliance of   Section   207,   Criminal   Procedure   Code,   1973 (hereinafter   referred   to   as   'Cr.P.C.)   was   done.   After hearing   the   parties,   notice   for   the   offence   punishable under   Section   279/304­A,   IPC   was   served   upon   the accused. It was read over to him to which he pleaded not guilty   and   claimed   trial.   The   owner   of   the   vehicle   had pleaded   guilty   for   the   offence   punishable   under   Section 146/196   MV   Act   and   she   was   accordingly   convicted. Accused Jaspal Singh has also already pleaded guilty for the offence punishable under Section 3/181 MV Act and he   has   already   been   convicted   with   fine   for   the   said offence. 

             Page 3  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18

FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    

4. The   prosecution   has   examined   as   many   as witnesses to prove its case against the accused. 

5.   PW­1 Abhishek Sachdeva is the eye witness. He has deposed that on 23.07.2007 at about 9:30 p.m, he was   going   to   his   Office   on   his   bike   bearing   no. DL6SAA2626.   When   he   reached   near   CNG   Cremation ground, one old aged person (around 45 years) was trying to cross the road.   He in order to save that man applied brakes of his bike due to which he himself fell down. In the   meantime,   he   saw   that   one   Indica   Car   bearing no.DL1LY8866 driven by accused came in fast speed and hit   that   man   due   to   which   that   man   came   under   the wheels of the said Indica car. He has further deposed that he alongwith other passersby taken out the injured from the wheels of Indica and put him on the footpath. PCR van came at the spot. Injured was taken to the Trauma Centre by the PCR van.  He and accused parked their vehicles on the side.  His one friend named Omvir reached at the spot who took him to Trauma Centre as blood was oozing out from his nose. 

6. PW­2 Ruchi Solanki is the owner of the vehicle. She   has   deposed   that   she   was   the   registered   owner   of              Page 4  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     vehicle bearing no. DL­1Y­8866. She sold the said vehicle to accused on 02.04.06 and handed over all documents to accused. 

7. PW­3 Sh. Prakash Chand is the official witness from   Transport   Department.   He   has   produced   the computerized   attested   copy   of   ownership   and   permit   of vehicle   bearing   registration   no.   DL­IY­8866.   He   has produced authority letter issued by MLO in his favour for deposing in the Court, which is Ex.PW3/X. Documents are Ex.PW3/A and Ex.PW3/B.

8. PW­4   HC   Ved   Prakash   is   the   police   official, who had joined the investigation of this case with IO/SI Arun Kumar.  On 23.07.2007, he alongwith IO reached at ring   road   opposite   CNG   Crematorium,   where   one   Tata Indica   car   No.   DL1LY8866   and   One   motorcycle   No. DL6SAA2626 were found in accidental condition. Accused also found at the spot as   a driver of the Indica car.   IO recorded his statement. 

9.   PW­5   Retd.   ASI   Chandrika   Ram   is   the   PCR Official.   He   has   deposed   that   on   23.07.2007,   after receiving the call of an accident at ring road, opposite CNG Crematorium, he alongwith his staff immediately reached              Page 5  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     at the aforesaid spot with PCR van.   One Indica car and one   motorcycle   were  found in  accidental  condition.   He immediately shifted the Injured to Trauma Centre.  

10. PW­6   ASI   Hari   Singh   is   the   second   IO.   On 01.08.2007,   he   alongwith   Constable   reached   at   Subzi Mandim Mortuary, where he had given application, which is Ex. PW6/A  for postmortem upon the dead body of the deceased   Shailender   Prasad   and   after   postmortem   dead body was handed over to his relative.

11. PW­7   ASI   Naresh   is   the   police   official,   who recorded   the   DD   entry.   He     has   deposed   that   on 23.07.2007,   he   recorded   DD   No.   12   &   13   PP,   Yamuna Pusta.   He   has   produced   the   DD   register   of   the   relevant period   (OSR).   The   true   copies   of   the   DD   entries   are Ex.PW7/A and Ex.PW7/B.

12. PW­8   ASI   Pradeep   Kumar   is  the   DO.   He   has deposed   that   on   25.07.2014,   at   about   8:20   p.m.,   he received rukka from SI Arun Kumar for registration of FIR. On the basis of rukkka, he got recorded FIR No. 335/07, which is Ex. PW8/A.  He produced the original FIR register (OSR).   He   made   endorsement   on   rukka   which   is              Page 6  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     Ex.PW8/B. He handed over the rukka and copy of FIR to SI Arun Kr for further investigation.

13. PW­09   Sh.   Uttam   Singh   is   the   Official   from DHG. He has deposed that on the date of incident, he was going for his duty from PS : Kotwali to PP Yamuna Pusta. When   he   reached  near CNG Pumb,  he  heard  a noise  of accident.    He   saw  that one person was lying under one TATA   Indica   Car.   Two   persons   who   were   riding   on   the motorcycle had also injured. Accused was also present at the   spot   as   the   driver   of   the   TATA   Indica   Car.   At   his request, accused had moved his car in back direction and thereafter he had removed the said person from under the car with the help of public  persons and put him on the pavement of the road. He has deposed that on 31.07.2007, IO had seized the offending car alongwith keys vide memo Ex. PW9/A and DL vide memo Ex. PW9/B. IO had seized the documents qua offending car vide memo Ex. PW9/C. IO   arrested   accused   in   his   presence   vide   memo   Ex. PW9/D. Accused were personally searched vide memo Ex. PW9/E. 

14.  PW­10 Dr. Satyender Kumar, CMO, Lok Nayak Hospital   has   deposed   that   on   23.07.2007,   he   had              Page 7  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     examined   two   patient   one   unknown   and   another Abhishek. He had prepared details MLCs which are Ex. PW 10/C and Ex. PW10/B.

15. PW­11 Retd. ASI /Tech Devender Kumar is the Mechanical Inspector. He has deposed that on 02.08.2007 at   request   of   SI   Arun     Kumar,   PS   :   Kotwali,   he   had conducted the mechanical inspection of vehicle car TATA Indica   bearing   registration   no.   DL1Y8866   and   given   his detailed  report which is Ex.PW11/A.

16. PW­12   Dr.   Sh.   Virender   Kumar   has   deposed that   he   had   prepared   the   death   certificate,   which   is Ex.PW12/A   of   unknown   person   who   had   expired   on 25.07.2007 at 9:00p.m. 

17. PW­13 Inspector Arun Kumar is the first IO. He has deposed that on 23.07.2007, after receiving DD No. 12PP   Yamuna   Pusta,   he   alongwith   Ct.   Ved   Prakash   had reached   at   the   spot   i.e.,   main   ring   road,   Opposite   CNG Crematorium, where he found Tata Indica Car. No. 8866 and One Hero Honda CBZ bearing registration No.2626. Accused was present at the spot as driver of the offending car. He left Ct. Ved Prakash at the spot and he reached at the     Shushurta   Trauma   Centre   and   found   two   persons              Page 8  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     were found admitted there. He collected the MLCs of both the   injured.   They   were   unfit   for   giving   the   statements. The   aforesaid   DD   was   kept   pending   for   obtaining   the statements   of   injured   persons.   On   25.07.2007,   he   had prepared   the   rukka   upon   the   aforesaid   DD   which   is Ex.PW13/A   and   handed   over   to   Duty   Officer   for registration   of   FIR.     Meantime,   he   came   to   know   that unknown   person had died during the course of medical aid and DD No.27 was recorded in this regard.   He had recorded     the   statement   of     DHG   Ct.   Uttam   Singh.   On 26.07.20007,   one   Rinku   Bahadur   was   found   nearby   the spot who claimed himself as eye witness to the incident. He   had  recorded   the  statement  of  Rinku   Bahadur.    Site plan  was  prepared at his instance, which is Ex.PW13/B. On   27.07.2007,   he   had     called   one   Abhishek   Sachdeva, who claimed himself as another eye witness to the incident in question.  Abhishek Sachdeva had also informed that he had   also   sustained   some   minor   injuries   at   the   time   of incident in question.   On 31.07.2007, accused was called by   him   at   PP   Yamuna   Pushta.   He   had   arrested   and personally   searched   vide   memo   Ex.   PW­9/D   and Ex.PW9/E. DHG Ct. Uttam Singh was also present during              Page 9  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     the investigation.  He had seized the offending car bearing registration no. DL1Y8866 vide memo Ex. PW9/A. He had seized  the   of  the   accused DL vide  memo  Ex.PW9/B. He had   seized  the   photocopies  of    the  documents     qua  the aforesaid   offending   vehicle   vide   memo   Ex.PW9/C.   Later on deceased was identified by one Ajay and Moti Kumar. He had recorded his statement which is Ex.PW13/C and Ex. PW13/D. He has further deposed that on 01.08.2007, inquest papers qua  the aforesaid deceased were prepared. He   had   recorded   dead   body   identification   statements   of one   Shri   Madan   Prashad   and   Abhimanyu   Kumar   vide memo   Ex.   PW   13/E   and   Ex.   PW13/F.   Thereafter, postmortem upon the dead body was conducted and it was handed over to its relative. Mechanical inspection of the vehicle  was  got   conduced vide  memo  Ex. PW11/A.    On 16.08.2007, notice under Section 133 of MV Act was given to   registered   owner   vide   memo   Ex.   PW13/G.     He   had recorded the statement of   Ruchi Solanki. The offending car was not insured at the time of accident and kalandara under Section 146/196 MV Act was prepared against the registered owner.   Challan was prepared and filed in the court.

             Page 10  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18

FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    

18. PW­14   Dr.   B.K.   Sharma   had   conducted   the postmortem of the dead body of the deceased Shailender Prasad. He had given the opinion that all the injuries were antemortem   in   nature   caused   by   blunt   force   impact possible   in   RTA.   The   death   was   due   to   Cranio   Cerebral injuries. His detailed report is Ex. PW14/A and his opinion is point B to B1.  

19. The   witnesses   were   cross­examined.  The prosecution evidence was closed. Accused was examined U/s 313 Cr PC r/w Section 281 Cr. PC. The accused denied the   incriminating   evidence.   He   would   state   that   he   was falsely   implicated   and   that   he   was   not   driving   the offending   vehicle   in   rash   or   negligent   manner.   The accident had been committed by PW­1 himself and he was falsely implicated by the police officials in the present case. Police officials had called him the Police Station and took his signatures on some blank papers. 

20. The   accused   did   not   lead   defence   evidence. Therefore, matter was fixed for final arguments.

21. Ld.   APP   for   the   State   would   argue   that   the prosecution has proved its case beyond reasonable doubts. The identity of the accused has been established beyond              Page 11  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     reasonable doubts. All the ingredients of the offences have been proved by the prosecution. The eye witnesses have proved that due to rash or negligent act of the accused the accident   had   taken   place   which   resulted   in   death     of Shailender Prasad. Hence the guilt of the accused has been proved.   Therefore,   it   is   prayed,   the   accused   may   be convicted.

22. Ld. Defence counsel, on the other hand, would argue   that   the   prosecution   has   failed   to   prove   its   case against the accused beyond reasonable doubts. There are various contradictions in the testimonies of the witnesses of   the   prosecution.   The   accused   has   been   falsely implicated.   It   was   PW­1   Abhishek   Sachdeva   who   had caused the accident by his bike. He became a false witness to save himself. There is not even a single evidence on the Court file to prove the guilt of the accused.   Reasonable doubts have been raised on the story of the prosecution and benefit of doubts may be given to the accused and he may be acquitted. 

23. I   have   heard   the   rival   submissions   and carefully perused the material available on record.  

             Page 12  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18

FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    

24. In   a   criminal   case     the   burden   is   on   the prosecution   to   prove   its   case   beyond   reasonable   doubts before the accused is asked to put his defence. 

25. In   the   present   case,   the   accused   has   been charged   for   the   offences   punishable   under   Sections   279 and   Section   304   A   IPC.   Section   279,   IPC   prescribes punishment   for   rash  or  negligent  driving  or  riding  on   a public way. To constitute an offence under Section 279, IPC, the prosecution has to establish that the accused was driving   the   vehicle   on   a   public   way   and   that   he   was driving it in rash or negligent manner so as to endanger human life or to be likely to be caused injury or hurt to any other person. It is no more  res integra  that the mere fact that an accident had taken place and some person had been   injured   can   not   lead   to   a   conclusion   of   rash   or negligent   driving.   The   fact  that   it   was  the   accused   who was driving the vehicle in such a manner on a public way has also to be proved beyond reasonable doubts.

26. The   offence   punishable   under   Section   304A, IPC includes within its ambit the offence punishable under Section 279, IPC. Section 304A, IPC reads as under:

             Page 13  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18
FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     "whoever  causes the death of any person by doing any   rash   or   negligent   act   not   amounting   to   the culpable   homicide,   shall   be   punished   with   the imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to 2 years or with fine or with both".

27. In order to prove the guilt of the accused in the present   case   for   an   offence   punishable   under   Section 304A,  IPC,   the   prosecution is required to prove, beyond reasonable doubts, the following facts :­

1. the identity of the accused being the driver of the offending vehicle,

2. the accused was driving the offending vehicle at a public place;

3. the accused was driving the vehicle in such a manner so as to create an obvious and serious risk   of   causing  physical  injury   to  some  other person who might happen to be using the road or   of   doing   substantial   damages   to   the property;

4. in   driving   the   vehicle   in   that   manner   the accused   did   so   without   having   given   any thought to the possibility of there being such risk or, having recognized that there was some              Page 14  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     risk involved, had nonetheless gone on to take it,

5. the rash and negligent driving resulted into the death of the deceased which is not amounting to the culpable homicide, and

6. the   rash   or   negligent   act   must   be   the proximate cause of injury of the injured.

28. Before proceeding further, it would be relevant to   discuss   the   meaning   of   the   expressions   "rash"   and "negligent".   These   words  i.e   "rash"  and "negligent",  have not been defined in the Indian Penal Code. However as per Black's Law Dictionary, Eighth Edition the word 'Negligent' is characterized by a person's failure to exercise the degree of   care   that   someone   of   ordinary   prudence   would   have exercised in the same circumstances. The terminology of criminal   negligence   has   been   discussed   by   Hon'ble Supreme Court in the judgment entitled "S.N. Hussain v. State of Andhra Pradesh", AIR 1972 SC 685 as under :

"Criminal negligence on the other hand, is the gross and culpable neglect or failure to exercise that reasonable and proper care and precaution to   guard   against   injury   either   to   the   public generally   or   to   an   individual   in   particular, which,   having   regard   to   all   the   circumstance              Page 15  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     out of which the charge has arisen it was the imperative duty of the accused person to have adopted... Culpable negligence lies in the failure to exercise reasonable and proper care and the extent of its reasonableness will always depend upon the circumstances of each case."

29. In the matter entitled Niranjan Singh Vs State (Delhi   Administration),   1997   Cri   LJ   336,   it   has   been observed that the main criteria for deciding whether the driving which lead to the accident was rash and negligent is not only speed of the offending vehicle but deliberate disregard to the obligations of its driver to drive with due care and attention and taking a risk indifferent to harmful consequences  resulting from it. In  Mahammed Aynudin V. state of A. P., AIR 2000 SC 2511, it has been held:

"Criminal negligence is the failure to exercise duty with reasonable and proper care and precaution for guarding against injury to the public generally or to any individual in particular. It is the imperative duty   of   the   driver   of   the   vehicle   to   adopt   such reasonable and proper care and precaution".

30. Negligence is a tort as well as a crime and can be used for the purpose of fastening the defendant with the   liability   under   a   civil   law   and   at   times   under   the criminal law. To fasten the liability in a criminal law, the              Page 16  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     degree   of   the   negligence   has   to   be   higher   than   that   of negligence to fasten the liability for damages in civil law.

31. In   the   present   case,  the   accused   has   been charged   for   the   offences   punishable   under   Sections   279 and 304A, IPC.  The accused has taken the defence that he was not driving the offending vehicle at the relevant date, time and place. He was falsely implicated in the present case.  Hence, the burden is on the prosecution to establish beyond reasonable doubts that the accused was driving the offending vehicle on the relevant date, time and place and that he was driving the same in rash or negligent manner. It is also required to be proved by the prosecution beyond reasonable   doubts   that   due   to   such   rash   or   negligent driving the offending vehicle had hit the victim and that death of the victim was the result of the accident. 

32. Now,   the   Court   shall   examine   whether   the prosecution has proved beyond reasonable doubts that the accused was driving the offending vehicle and whether he was driving it in rash or negligent manner. 

33. First, I shall take the issue whether the accused had   been   driving   the   offending   vehicle   on   the   relevant date, time and place. 

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FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    

34. In   the   present   case,   it   is   shown   by   the prosecution   that   the   accused   was   in   possession   of   the offending vehicle at the relevant time. PW­2 Ruchi Solanki has   deposed   that   she   had   sold   the   said   car   to   accused Jaspal Singh. Further, PW­4 HC Ved Prakash, PW­9 Uttam Kumar   and   PW­1   Abhishek   have   also   deposed   that   the accused   had   been   driving   the   offending   vehicle   on   the relevant,   date,   time   and   place.   Further,   IO   PW­13 Inspector   Arun   Kumar   has   also   deposed   that   when   he reached at the spot the accused was present at the spot alongwith the offending vehicle. There is nothing on Court record to disbelieve the testimonies of these witnesses in relation to the fact that the accused was the driver of the offending vehicle. Thus, the identity of the accused being the   driver   of   the   offending   vehicle   has   been   established beyond reasonable doubts. The testimonies of the above­ mentioned witnesses have also proved beyond reasonable doubts   that   the   accused   had   been   driving  the  offending vehicle at a public place. 

35. In   the   present   case,   the   prosecution   has examined   various   witnesses.   However,     only   PW­1 Abhishek Sachdeva is the only witness who has deposed              Page 18  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     that he had seen the accident. PW­09 Uttam Kumar had not seen the accident. He has only deposed that he had heard noise of accident and thereafter he had reached at the spot.  Other witness are either police officials who had participated in the investigation or   the doctor who had examined   the   injured and  conducted  the   postmortem of the deceased. 

36. Perusal of the testimony of PW­1 would show that his testimony is not able to prove beyond reasonable doubts   that   the   accused   had   been   driving  the  offending vehicle   in   rash   or   negligent   manner   and   that   he   had caused   the   accident   while   driving   the   vehicle   in   such manner. 

37. PW­1   has   deposed,   interalia,   that   when   he reached   near   CNG   Cremation   ground,   while   driving   his motorcycle, one old aged person was trying to cross the road.   The   witness   has   specifically   stated   that   the   said person   was   sometime   moving   ahead   and     sometime backwards to cross the road. To save the said man he had applied the brakes due to which he had fallen on the road alongwith his motorcycle. In the meantime, the offending vehicle had come and hit the said van due to which the              Page 19  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     man   had   come   under   the   wheels   of   the   offending   car. Thus,   the   testimony   of   PW­1   itself   proves   beyond reasonable doubts that the person who was crossing the road was not walking properly on the road at the relevant time. His act of moving forward and backward was such a nature   that   no   prudent   driver   of   a   vehicle   could   have understood whether the said person was going backward or forward. Further as per the testimony of PW­1 himself, he   had   fallen   on   the   road   with   his   motorcycle.   In   such circumstances  it   is  highly  improbable   that  he  would see the   speed     of   the   offending   vehicle.     Therefore,   his testimony   that   the   accused   was   driving   the   offending vehicle at high speed does not inspire confidence.  There is nothing on Court record to suggest what was the speed of the   offending  vehicle   at   the   relevant   time.  Also   there   is nothing on Court record to show as to what was the speed limit on the road where the accident had happened.  There are no photographs on the record to show whether there were any skid marks of the tyres of the offending vehicle on the spot so as to lead to a conclusion that the offending vehicle was at a high speed.

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FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                    

38.  The term high speed is  a relative term and in all the cases it does not lead to conclusion automatically that   a   particular   vehicle   was   being   driven   in   rash   or negligent   manner.   At     a   particular   place   a   vehicle   at   a speed of even 30 Kms/hr can be considered as rash driving while on some highway where there is no traffic even the speed of 60 Kms/hrs can not be considered as rash driving. In any case,   I am of the view that the testimony of PW 1 does   not   show   that   the   accused   had   been   driving   the offending   vehicle   in   any   rash   or   negligent   manner.   The fact   as   deposed   by   PW­1,   in   itself,   does   not   lead   to conclusion in all probabilities that the accused was driving the vehicle rashly or negligently.

39.  There is nothing on Court record to show that there was any red light signal or any zebra crossing at the spot from where the deceased was crossing the road. Thus, it is shown that the victim had been crossing the road from a place which was not meant for crossing the said road. A driver of a vehicle can not anticipate presence of a person in the middle of a road where there is no traffic signal or Zebra crossing or any other signboard to inform the driver that the people might be crossing the road at the said spot.

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FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     No   rash or negligent act on the part of the accused has been proved on record beyond reasonable doubts. 

40. Further   the   circumstances   of     the   case   as available   on   the   record   also   indicate   towards   the innocence   of     the   accused.   PW­1   has   deposed   that   the accused   had   been   driving   the   offending   vehicle   at   high speed and hit the victim due to which the man came under the wheels of the car. PW­9 has deposed that he had seen that one person was lying under Tata Indica Car and he was   removed   from   there.   As   per   the   medical   evidence available   on   record   the   deceased   had   suffered   injuries caused by blunt force impact. Such an accident was not possible if the offending vehicle was at high speed. Had the offending vehicle been at high speed, the victim must have been thrown away due to the impact caused by the speeding car. In such situations, he could not have come under the wheels of the car. This fact itself shows that the offending vehicle was not at high speed. 

41. After going through the material on record, I am of the opinion that the theory as put by the prosecution in relation to the accident in question can not be believed completely.   There   are   chances,   as   suggested   by   Ld.              Page 22  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     Defence counsel,  that the accident was actually caused by the   motorcycle   of   PW­1   Abhishek   and   due   to   the   said impact  the victim had also fallen on the road, and in the meantime, the car of the accused had also come there and the   victim   came   under   the   offending   car.   It   is   settled position   of   law   that   whenever   there   are   two   views possible,   the   view   which   favours   the   innocence   of   the accused   is   to   be   accepted   by   the   Court.     It   is   settled proposition   of   law   that   burden  is   on   the   prosecution   to prove   as   to   how   the   accused   was   rash   or   negligent   in driving   the   offending   vehicle.   I   get   strength   from   the judgment   of   the   Hon'ble   Supereme   Court   of   India   in Mahadeo Hari Lokre vs The State Of Maharashtra AIR 1972 SC 221.   The Hon'ble Supreme Court has observed as under:­ "4.   It   must   be   said   that   there   is   really   no   good evidence on the side of the prosecution to show how exactly   the   accident   took   place.....   If   a   person suddenly crosses the road the Bus Driver, however slowly may be driving may not be in a position to save the accident. Therefore, it will not be possible to hold that the Bus Driver was negligent." 

42. In the present case also it cannot be presumed that   the   accused   must   have   been   driving   the   vehicle   in rash   or   negligent   manner   only   because   one   person   had              Page 23  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     met with an accident with it on a busy road while crossing it from a place where there was no zebra crossing or any traffic signal.

43. In view of the discussion herein­above, I hold that   the   prosecution   has   failed   to   establish   beyond reasonable doubts that the accused had been driving the offending   vehicle   in   rash   or   negligent   manner   so   as   to endanger human life or likely to cause hurt or injury to other   person.   Hence,   ingredients   of   offence   punishable under Section 279, IPC are not proved beyond reasonable doubts.

44. Once   it   is   not   proved   that   the   accused   was driving   the   vehicle   in   rash   or   negligent   manner,   it   also remained not proved that any rash or negligent act of the accused   had   caused   death   of   Shailender   Prasad,   the deceased, not amounting to culpable homicide. To impose criminal liability on the accused for an offence punishable under   Section   304A,   IPC,   it   is   necessary   that   the   death should have been the direct result of a rash and negligent act   of   the   accused   and   that   act   must   have been   the proximate and efficient cause without the intervention of another negligence. It must have been the causa causans; it              Page 24  of 25                                           MM­08 (C)/THC/Delhi/22.12.18 FIR No. 335/2007, PS : Kotwali                         State Vs. Jaspal Singh                     is not enough that it may have been the  causa sine qua non. 

45.  In the light of discussion hereinabove, I am of the opinion that the prosecution has failed to establish that death   was   occasioned   by   either   rash   and/or   negligent driving   of   the   vehicle   or   any   negligent   act   of   accused. Therefore, benefit of doubts is given to the accused as per law. He is acquitted of the offences alleged.

46. The accused has already furnished bond under Section 437A, with one surety along with photographs and copies of address proof.

Pronounced in the open Court on      (Dinesh Kumar) this  22nd day of December 2018.         MM­08 (Central)       Tis Hazari Court Delhi.

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