Supreme Court of India
Praveen Ansari & Ors vs State Transport Appellate Tribunal, ... on 29 October, 1980
Equivalent citations: 1981 AIR 516, 1981 SCR (1) 981, AIR 1981 SUPREME COURT 516, 1981 ALL. L. J. 136, (1981) 1 APLJ 12, 1981 UJ (SC) 213, 1980 (4) SCC 503, (1980) 6 ALL LR 569, (1981) TAC 161
Author: D.A. Desai
Bench: D.A. Desai, E.S. Venkataramiah
PETITIONER:
PRAVEEN ANSARI & ORS
Vs.
RESPONDENT:
STATE TRANSPORT APPELLATE TRIBUNAL, LUCKNOW & ORS
DATE OF JUDGMENT29/10/1980
BENCH:
DESAI, D.A.
BENCH:
DESAI, D.A.
VENKATARAMIAH, E.S. (J)
CITATION:
1981 AIR 516 1981 SCR (1) 981
1980 SCC (4) 503
ACT:
Motor Vehicles Act, 1939, sections 68-F(1), section 68-
F(1-A) and 68-F (1-C), interpretation of-When once the
Corporation made an application for temporary permits for
the full strength but something short of it, whether there
was no power Left in the State Transport Authority to grant
temporary permits to anyone else-words and phrases-The
expression "any person" comprehends any person even other
than the Corporation.
HEADNOTE:
Allowing the appeal by special leave, the Court
^
HELD:
1. The combined reading of section 68-F (1-A) and
section 68-F (1-C) makes it clear that keeping in view the
strength of the vehicles filed in public interest by the
competent authority under section 68-F (1-A), for the period
intervening between the date of publication of the scheme
and the date of publication of the approved or modified
scheme, the authority should first examine the application
for number of temporary permits made by the Corporation. If
the Corporation has made application for temporary permits
covering all tho vacancies, the authority must grant permit
to the Corporation to tho exclusion of any other applicant,
as section 68-F(1) makes it obligatory upon the State
Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority, as
the case may be, to grant the same. If the Corporation does
not apply for all the permits but only for some, the
inescapable conclusion will be that for tho remaining
strength the Corporation has made no application for the
temporary permits and section 68-F (1-C) of the Act squarely
being attracted, the State Transport Authority or the
Regional Transport Authority, as the case may be, will have
to examine the application for temporary permits made by
persons other than the Corporation and if they are found to
be competent eligible and qualified they may have to be
granted permits for the benefit of the largo travelling
public. That is why power to increase strength of fleet
operating on the route is conferred under section 68-F (1-A)
of the Act and has to be exercised in public interest
meaning transport facility to travelling public. In this
case there were 7 vacancies for temporary permits. The
Corporation applied for only 3. It was incumbent upon the
State Transport Authority to consider the applications of
the present appellants for the remaining four vacancies and
grant four permits according to law. [986A-D]
2. The expression "any person" in section 68-F (1-C) of
the Motor Vehicles Act would comprehend any person to mean
any one other than the Corporation. [985A-B]]
Section 68-F (1-C) caters to such a situation where a
scheme has been published and, therefore, the Corporation
would be entitled to temporary permits till the approved
scheme is published, yet if tho Corporation is unable to
provide vehicles for the optimum strength fixed by the State
Transport
982
Authority or the Regional Transport Authority, as the case
may be, the concerned authority in exercise of power
conferred specifically upon it by section 68-F (1-C) can
grant temporary permits to persons other than the
Corporation to operate vehicles on the route for which the
scheme is published till modified or approved scheme is
published. [984C-E]
3. In interpreting the provisions of Chapter IV-A of
Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 it is, undoubtedly, true that the
Corporation enjoys a preferential treatment in the matter of
obtaining permits the authority under the Act must not ever
lose sight of the fact that the primary consideration must
be the service available to the travelling public. While
interpreting the provision of the Motor Vehicles Act,
undoubtedly, the competing claims between the Corporation
and the other private operators may be examined with
reference to the provisions of the Act. But the overall
consideration namely the service is for the benefit of the
travelling public should never be overlooked for a moment.
[985F-G]
JUDGMENT:
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2520 of 1980.
Appeal by Special Leave from the Judgment and order dated 3-12-1979 of the Allahabad High Court in Civil Misc. Writ No, NIL of 1979.
Yogeshwar Prasad and Mrs. Rani Chhabra for the Appellants.
O. P. Rana and P. K. Pillai for the Respondents, The Judgment of the Court was delivered by-
DESAI, J.-The appellants applied for temporary permits under section 68-F (1-C) for plying the passenger vehicles on Khurja-Pahasu-Chhatari-Dabai-Rajghat-Ramghat-Atrauli route (route for short) which applications came to be rejected by the State Transport Authority and their appeal to the State Transport Appellate Tribunal and writ petition to the High Court, of Allahabad did not meet with success.
It is a common ground that in respect of the route a scheme has been prepared and published under section 68C of Chapter IV-A of Motor Vehicles Act, 1939. The route in question is an inter regional route and therefore an application for temporary permit for the period intervening between the date of publication of the scheme and the date of publication of the approved or modified scheme has to be made to the State Transport Authority under sec. 68(1-C). Ignoring the previous history of the litigation for the present, it may be noticed that the appellants made applications to the State Trans port Authority for grants of temporary permits to ply their vehicles on the route. The U.P. State Road Transport Corporation (Corporation for short) also made an application for grant of three temporary 983 permits for the same purpose and the application of the Corporation for three permits was granted while the application made by each of the appellants was rejected on The ground that once a scheme has been published in view of the provision contained in Sec. 68-F(1-A) the Corporation alone to the exclusion of others, is entitled to apply for temporary permit and if such application is made by the Corporation and granted no one else is entitled to obtain a temporary permit. This decision of the State Transport Authority has been upheld both by the State Transport Appellate Tribunal and the High Court Section 68-F(1) makes it obligatory upon the State Transport Authority or Regional Transport Authority as the case may be to grant permit of the nature envisaged in the section to the Corporation to the exclusion of any other applicant. Section 68-F (1-A) confers power on the State Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority as the case may be, for the period intervening between the date of publication of the scheme and the date of publication of the approved or modified scheme to increase in public interest the number of vehicles operating on the route or the area in respect of which the scheme has been published by State Transport Corporation under section 68C and further enables the Corporation to apply for temporary permits to ply the vehicles during the interregnum. On such applications being made it is obligatory upon the State Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority as the case may be to grant such temporary permits. Section 68- F (1-B) is not relevant for the present purpose.
Section 68-F(1-C) reads as under:
"If no application for a temporary permit is made under sub-section (l-A), the State Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority, as the case may be, may grant, subject to such conditions as it may think fit, temporary permit to any person in respect of the area or route or portion thereof specified in the scheme and the permit so granted shall cease to be effective on the issue of a permit to the State Transport Undertaking in respect of that area or route or portion thereof."
Section 68-F (1D) takes away the power of permit granting authority to grant or renew any permit during the period intervening between the date of publication, under section 68-C of any scheme and the date of publication of the approved or modified scheme, in favour of any person for any class of road transport service in relation to an area or route or portion thereof covered by such scheme except as provided in sub-section ((1-A) and sub-section (1-C).
984The Corporation has published a scheme in respect of the route. Even when a scheme is published it is open to the State Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority as the case may be to fix or increase the number of vehicles that may operate on the route. But the power to increase the number must be exercised in public interest. It is common ground that the strength of vehicles on the route in question was raised from 13 to 20. Hence in view of this raising of the strength, 7 temporary permits could be granted. However, in view of the provision contained in section 68-F(1-A) consequent upon the scheme being published by the Corporation under section 68-C in respect of the route the Corporation will be entitled to all the temporary permits to the exclusion of any other operator. But Legislature was aware of a possible situation where the Corporation though entitled to temporary permits to the exclusion of other operators may not be in a position to avail of this statutory right. Section 68-F(1-C) appears to have been introduced to meet with the situation arising out of the inability of the Corporation to obtain all available temporary permits. Section 68-F(1-C) caters to such a situation where a scheme has been published and, therefore, the Corporation would be entitled, to temporary permits till the approved scheme is published, yet if the Corporation is unable to provide service by obtaining all requisite temporary permits, the State Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority as the case may be, in exercise of power conferred specifically upon it by section 68-F(1-C) can grant temporary permits to persons other than the Corporation to operate vehicles on the route for which the scheme is published till modified or approved scheme is published.
It is not in dispute that there are 7 vacancies for temporary permits. It is an admitted position that the Corporation applied for only 3 permits. The State Transport Authority has not recorded finding that in public interest remaining 4 permits were not required to be issued. Undoubtedly, therefore, there were 4 vacancies for which 4 temporary permits could be issued by the State Transport Authority on this inter regional route. Undoubtedly the permits will have to be temporary permits because the scheme has been published in respect of the route under section 68C.
The State Transport Authority, the State Transport Appellate Tribunal and, the High Court fell into an error by interpreting section 68-F(1-C) only to mean that even though there are 7 vacancies and the Corporation applied for only 3 temporary permits, once the Corporation made an application for temporary permits not for the full strength but something short of it there was no power left in 985 the State Transport Authority to grant temporary permits to any one else. Obviously section 68-F(1-C) does not admit of such a construction. The State Transport Authority has power under sub section (1-C) to grant temporary permit to any person in respect of the area or the route or part thereof specified in the scheme. The expression 'any person' would comprehend any person even other than the Corporation. One has to read section 68-F (1-A) and section 68-F (1-C) harmoniously. If the Corporation applies for temporary permits undoubtedly the State Transport Authority cannot grant permit to any one else if the Corporation has applied for all the permits. But section 68-F(1-C) clearly envisaged a situation where application for a temporary permit is not made under section 68-F(1-A) by the Corporation. And there is felt need for providing transport service on the route in question.
Now it cannot be gain said that there were 7 vacancies for temporary permits because the strength was increased from 13 to 20. The State Transport Authority is the proper authority lo decide the strength of vehicles to be plied on a route. If the Corporation is willing to operate vehicles to the maximum strength undoubtedly the State Transport Authority will have to grant permit to the Corporation under section 68-F(1-A) to the exclusion of others. But if the Corporation was unable to provide vehicles for the optimum strength fixed by the State Transport Authority the remaining permits will have to be granted to any other person willing Jo obtain temporary permit and ply vehicle because in respect of the remaining strength there would be no application by the Corporation and section 68-F(1-C) would be squarely attracted. In interpreting the provisions of Chapter IV-A of Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 it is undoubtedly true that the Corporation enjoys a preferential treatment in the matter of obtaining permits. The authority under the Act must not ever lose sight of the fact that the primary consideration must be the service available to the travelling public. While interpreting the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act undoubtedly the competing claims between the Corporation and the other private operators may be examined with reference to the provisions of the Act. But the overall consideration namely the service is for the benefit of the travelling public should never be overlooked for a moment.
Reverting to the facts of this case if the approach of the High Court is accepted it would lead to a startling result. Assuming there were 10 vacancies for temporary permits and the Corporation was able to provide only one vehicle and therefore applied for only one permit, according to the State Transport Appellate Tribunal as well as the High Court no temporary permit can be granted to any one else 986 for the remaining 9 vacancies. Such is not the position emerging from a combined reading of section 68-F(1-A) and Section 68-F(1-C). The correct approach would be that keeping in view the strength of the vehicles fixed by the competent authority, the authority should first examine the application for number of temporary permits made by the Corporation. If the Corporation has made application for temporary permits covering all the vacancies the matter ends there. But if the Corporation does not apply for all the permits but only for some, the inescapable conclusion is that for the remaining strength the Corporation has made no application for the temporary permits and section 68-F(1-C) would be squarely attracted. In That event the State Transport Authority or the Regional Transport Authority as the case may be will have to examine the application for temporary permits made by persons other than the Corporation and if they are found to be competent, eligible and qualified they may have to be granted permits for the benefit of the large travelling public. That is why power to increase strength of fleet operating on the route is conferred and has to be exercised in public interest meaning transport facility to travelling public. In this case there were 7 vacancies for temporary permits. The Corporation applied for only 3. It was incumbent upon the State Transport Authority to consider the applications of the present appellants for the remaining 4 vacancies and grant four permits according to law.
Accordingly this appeal is allowed and the orders of the State Transport Authority, the State Transport Appellate Tribunal and the High Court are set aside and the matter is remitted to the State Transport Authority to consider the applications of the present appellants for the remaining 4 vacancies and pass orders according to law. In the circumstances of this case, there will be no order as to costs.
S.R Appeal allowed.
987