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Bombay High Court

Refex Industries Limited vs State Of Maharashtra And Ors on 25 March, 2026

Author: G. S. Kulkarni

Bench: G. S. Kulkarni

                                                                                                  502-WPL-10353-26.DOC


 JYOTI                                 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
 RAJESH
 MANE
Digitally signed by
JYOTI RAJESH                               ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION
MANE
Date: 2026.03.27
19:28:14 +0530
                                               WRIT PETITION (L) NO. 10353 OF 2026


                      Refex Industries Limited                                     ...Petitioner
                             Versus
                      State of Maharashtra and Ors.                                ...Respondents
                                                        _______
                      Mr. V. Raghuraman Senior Advocate a/w. Mr Raghvendra C.R. a/w.
                      Sriraj G.Menon, Mr. Avesh Ganja, a/w. Mr. Sandesh Panchal i/b. Satyaki Law
                      Associates, for Petitioner.
                      Ms. Jyoti Chavan, Addl.G.P. for Respondent-State.
                                                                    _______

                                                            CORAM:       G. S. KULKARNI &
                                                                         AARTI SATHE, JJ.

                                                            DATE:        25 MARCH 2026

                      P.C.

                      1.              We have heard Mr. Raghuraman, learned Senior Advocate appearing

                      for the Petitioner, and Ms. Jyoti Chavan, learned Additional Government Pleader

                      appearing for the Respondent-Revenue.

                      2.        At the outset, Mr. Raghuraman has drawn our attention to the prayers in the

                      present Petition, which, inter alia, challenge the Notification dated 28th December

                      2023 issued by the Respondent in exercise of its powers.

                      3.        Our attention has also been invited to a recent order passed by this Court in

                      Rite Equipments Pvt. Ltd. vs. State of Maharashtra & Ors. in Writ Petition No.

                      1443 of 2025, dated 25th February 2026, wherein, following an earlier order

                      passed by a Co-ordinate Bench of this Court in Shyam Udyog vs. Union of India &


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Ors. (Writ Petition (L) No. 10058 of 2025), which is extracted therein, the Petition

was admitted and interim relief came to be granted.The said order is required to be

noted, which reads thus:--

         P.C.

        1. We have heard Mr. Raghuraman, learned senior counsel for the petitioner.
        2. The challenge in this petition is inter alia to the Notification dated 28 December,
        2023 issued by the respondents exercising powers under Section 168A of the
        Central Goods and Service Tax Act, 2017.
        3. At the outset, Mr. Raghuraman has submitted that a similar issue fell for
        consideration of this Court in Shyam Udyog vs. Union of India & Ors.(Writ
        Petition (L) No. 10058 of 2025)1, in which a co-ordinate Bench of this Court
        (Coram: B.P. Colabawalla, J. and Firdosh P. Pooniwalla, J.) passed the following
        interim order dated 16 April, 2025:
            "1. The above Writ Petition has been placed on board seeking
            certain amendments as per the draft amendment tendered to the
            Court. Having heard the learned counsel for the parties and pursuing
            the amendment sought, we find that the amendments are sought at
            the pre-admission stage and therefore, there can be no impediment in
            allowing the amendment. This is more so because the nature of the
            Petition does not change in any way by allowing the aforesaid
            amendment. In these circumstances, the draft amendment tendered
            to the Court is taken on record and marked 'X' for identification. The
            Petitioner is permitted to amend the above Writ Petition in terms of
            the draft amendment. The amendment shall be carried out within a
            period of one week from today. The amended copy of the Writ
            Petition shall be served to all the Respondents within a period of one
            week thereafter.

             2.     The above Writ Petition challenges the Notification No.
             56/2023-Central Tax dated 28th December, 2023 issued by
             Respondent No.1 (Union of India) and Notification No. 56/2023
             dated 16th January, 2024 issued by Respondent No. 2 (State of
             Maharashtra) exercising powers under Section 168A of the Central
             Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (CGST Act). Consequently, the
             Petitioner also seeks quashing of the impugned Order dated 12 th
             August, 2024 passed by Respondent No.4 under Section 73(9) of the
             MGST Act.

             3. The short point in this Writ Petition is that the Notifications
             issued under Section 168A, extending the time limits specified under
             the CGST Act, are wholly illegal and ultra vires. The main ground of
             challenge is that these Notifications have to be issued on the
             recommendation of the GST Council. It is the case of the Petitioner

1 2025(4) TMI 1168


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             that though the Notification No. 9/2023-Central Tax dated 31st
             March, 2023 and the Notification No. 9/2023-State Tax dated 24th
             May, 2023 are issued on the recommendation of the GST Council,
             the subsequent Notifications, namely, Notification No. 56/2023-
             Central Tax dated 28 December, 2023 and Notification No.
             56/2023-State Tax dated 16th January, 2024 are not issued on the
             recommendation of the GST Council. Since there has been non-
             compliance of the provisions of Section 168A, the same are impugned
             in the present Writ Petition.

             4. The reason why the impugned order is challenged, is because if
             the Notifications dated 28th December, 2023 and 16th January,
             2024 are set aside, then, as a corollary, the impugned Order would
             also have to go, as the same is passed beyond the extended period
             prescribed by the Notifications dated 31 March 2023 and 24th May,
             2023 respectively.

             5. We find that in similar matters [starting from Evie Real Estate
             Pvt. Ltd. v State of Maharashtra - Order dated 26 February 2025 in
             WP 5146 of 2024], the petitions have been admitted and interim
             relief has been granted. We therefore issue Rule. Respondent Nos. 1
             to 4 waive service.

             6. As far as the Interim Relief is concerned, there will be interim
             relief in terms of prayer clause (h) which reads thus :-
                     "h. pending the hearing and final disposal of the petition,
                     this Hon'ble Court may be pleased to stay the operation
                     of the Impugned Order dated 12th August 2024 being
                     Exhibit C to this Petition;"

             7. We grant liberty to the parties to apply in the event the matter
             before the Hon'ble Supreme Court is disposed of one way or the
             other."
                4.      Mr. Raghuraman has also drawn our attention to the decision of the
                Gauhati High Court in Barkataki Print and Media Services vs. Union of
                India2, wherein the Court has quashed and set aside the Notification dated
                28 December, 2023 extending the period for passing an order under Section
                73(10) of CGST Act. It is submitted that the challenge to the said decision,
                at the instance of revenue, is pending consideration before the Supreme
                Court.

                5.       Having heard learned counsel for the parties, we are of the opinion
                that as the substantive challenge is already pending before this Court in
                Shyam Udyog (supra) as also the legal issues as involved are pending for
                consideration of the Supreme Court in Barakati Print and Media Services
                (supra), the petitioner would be required to be granted interim reliefs as
                passed by this Court in Shyam Udyog (supra). Accordingly, we are inclined
                to pass the following order:

2 (2024) 22 Centax 479 (Gau.)


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                       ORD E R
           i)    Rule. Respondents waive service.
           (ii) Pending the hearing and final disposal of this petition, the impugned
           order dated 23 August, 2024 shall remain stayed.
           (iii) As a consequence of the orders (ii) above thereof, any coercive measures as
           adopted, namely, blocking of electronic credit ledger of the petitioner as also the
           attachment, if any, shall also stand stayed and/or vacated.
           6. Ordered accordingly.
           7. This petition to be tagged for Final Hearing along with Writ Petition (L) No.
           10058 of 2025 (Shyam Udyog vs. Union of India & Ors.)


4.         Mr. Raghuraman would accordingly submit that the orders passed by this

Court in Shyam Udyog vs. Union of India & Ors. and Rite Equipments Pvt. Ltd.

vs. State of Maharashtra & Ors. ought to be followed in the present case, as the

issues involved are identical.

5.        Mr. Raghuraman has further submitted that there is quite a peculiarity in

the present case. He submits that within a period of 12 days from the date of the

impugned order passed by the Appellate Authority, recovery proceedings were

initiated against the Petitioner. In particular, the electronic credit ledger of the

Petitioner was debited on 17th February 2026, thereby reducing the available

credit to nil as a consequence of the impugned order passed against the Petitioner.

6.        He submits that the interim relief granted by this Court in Shyam Udyog as

also in Rite Equipments Pvt. Ltd. would enure to the benefit of the Petitioner,

insofar as the prayers in the present Petition in seeking restoration of the re-credit

of an amount of Rs. 1,10,23,478/-, which has been debited by the department.

7.        In this context, our attention has been drawn to prayer clause (j) of the

Petition, which reads thus:--




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        (j) Pending the hearing and final disposal of this petition, this Hon'ble Court be
        pleased to:
        (a) Direct the concerned respondents to re-credit an amount of
        Rs.1,10,23,478/- already debited in the electronic credit ledger towards the tax
        demands to ensure parity with other litigants who have been afforded the same
        interim protection of stay of recoveries.
        (b) Restrain the Respondents, their subordinates, servants and agents from in
        any manner whatsoever taking any action for the recovery of the amounts
        confirmed in the impugned OIA dated 05.02.2026.
        (c) such ad-interim and/or interim order as may be granted as this Court deems
        fit.


8.        In support of his contentions, Mr. Raghuraman has also drawn our attention

to the Notification dated 17th September 2025 issued by the Government of India

on the recommendations of the GST Council, in exercise of powers conferred

under sub-section (1) of Section 112 of the CGST Act. By the said notification,

"30th June 2026" has been notified as the outer date up to which appeals may be

filed before the Appellate Tribunal in cases where the orders sought to be

challenged were communicated to the concerned person on or before 1st April

2026. In respect of orders communicated on or after April 2026, the appeals are

required to be filed within a period of three months from the date of

communication of the appellate order. The submission is to the effect that even

before the expiry of the prescribed period of appeal, the impugned recovery action

has been resorted to, and the Petitioner's electronic credit ledger has been debited.

It is submitted that such action has purportedly been taken under Section 78 of the

CGST Act.

9.        The submissions of Mr. Raghuraman are opposed by Ms. Chavan, learned

Additional Government Pleader, who submits that the action taken by the

Department is justified and that there is nothing inappropriate or unlawful in

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debiting the Petitioner's electronic credit ledger.

10.       Having heard the learned counsel for the parties and having perused the

record, we are of the opinion that the challenge as raised in the present Petition is

similar to the challenge as raised in the case of Shyam Udyog vs. Union of India &

Ors.(supra) and Rite Equipments Pvt. Ltd. vs. State of Maharashtra & Ors. (supra).

Similar orders, therefore, are required to be passed in the present case.

11.       We are persuaded to accept the contentions urged on behalf of the

Petitioner that the action of debiting the Petitioner's electronic credit ledger could

not have been taken when as the same was contrary to the Notification dated 17th

September 2025, particularly when the period for filing an appeal was yet to

expire. This position is also reinforced by the provisions of Section 78 of the CGST

Act, which provide a period of three months from the date of service of the order,

before any recovery proceedings could be initiated. Also, no reasons, as required to

be recorded by the concerned officer under the proviso to Section 78 of the CGST

Act, have been shown to us, so as to justify departure from the statutory period of

three months prescribed under the said provision. In these circumstances, we are

inclined to grant interim reliefs as prayed for, insofar as re-credit of the amounts

debited by the Department is concerned.

12.       Hence, the following order:--

                           ORDER

1. Rule. The Respondent waives service.

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2. Pending the hearing and final disposal of the present Petition, the impugned order dated 5th February 2026 passed by the Appellate Authority shall remain stayed.

3. There shall also be interim relief in terms of prayer clauses (j)(a) and

(j)(b) of the Petition.

4. The Respondent shall file its reply affidavit within a period of four weeks from today.

5. To be listed alongwith Writ Petition (L) No.10058/2025(Shyam Udyot Vs. Union of India & Ors. and Writ Petition No.1443/2024 (Rite Equipment Pvt.Ltd. Vs. State of Maharashtra & Ors.) (AARTI SATHE, J.) (G. S. KULKARNI, J.) Page 7 of 7 Mane ::: Uploaded on - 27/03/2026 ::: Downloaded on - 28/03/2026 01:22:03 :::