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[Cites 11, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

Sc No. 59439/16; Fir No.548/2016, Ps ... vs . Vijay Kumar Page No. 1 Of 26 on 13 December, 2018

                                                  ­ 1 ­

       IN THE COURT OF SH. SANJEEV AGGARWAL
           ADDL. SESSIONS JUDGE­02, NORTH
                   ROHINI COURTS, DELHI
                                              
STATE CASE No...................................59439/16

                                                               FIR No. 548/2016
                                                               P.S. Bhalaswa Dairy
                                                               U/s. 3 (1) (r) of 
                                                               Schedule Caste and 
                                                               Schedule Tribes 
                                                               (Prevention of 
                                                               Atrocities) Act 

State    
                              Versus
  
Vijay Kumar
S/o. Sh. Mange Ram
R/o. H. No. 38, Main Road,
Mukundpur Village, Delhi.


                                             Date of institution:         21.12.2016
                                             Judgment reserved on: 05.12.2018  
                                             Judgment delivered on: 13.12.2018

ORDER/JUDGMENT :                                        

J U D G M E N T

1.

  The prosecution story as set out in the chargesheet is that a written complaint was lodged by complainant Sh. Pradeep S/o Sh. Jai Singh R/o H. no. 83, Balmiki Mohalla. The gist of the said written complaint is as under:

SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   1 of 26 ­ 2 ­ "That   Vijay   Rajput   S/o   Mange   Ram   Rajput   and   Balbir have uttered chura, bhangi and alleged the complainant to be the police dalal and the said persons have used abusive   language   against   the   complainant   and   also passed   castiest   remarks   and   thus   he   prays   that appropriate   action   be   taken   under   SC/ST   Act   and   the complainant further alleged that the said persons had also threatened to kill him". 

2.   On   the   basis   of   contents   of   said   complaint,   an   inquiry   was conducted   and   prima   facie   offence   punishable   u/s   506   IPC   and 3(1)   (r)   SC/ST   Act   was   found   made   out.   Accordingly,   SHO,   PS Shahbad   Dairy   made   an   endorsement   for   registration   of   a   case under Section 506 IPC and 3(1) (r) SC/ST Act and for handing over the   investigation   to   Sh.   Prashant   Gautam,   ACP   (Jahangir   Puri). During   investigation,   IO  has prepared the rough site plan of the place   of   occurrence   and   also   recorded   the   statements   under Section 161 Cr.P.C. of the witnesses. 

3.   During   investigation   complainant   had   produced   his   caste certificate   which   was   seized   through   seizure   memo.   The   said caster certificate was also got verified from SDM Civil Line and was found correct and genuine.

During investigation accused Vijay Rajput moved an application for anticipatory bail before the concerned court and accused was SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   2 of 26 ­ 3 ­ directed to surrender before the concerned court and accordingly accused Vijay Rajput surrendered himself on 16.11.2016 and was arrested. After completion of investigation, chargesheet was filed.

4.   After   hearing   arguments   on   charge   vide   order   dated 22.02.2018, a charge for offence(s) u/s Section 3 (1)(r) of Schedule Caste   and   Schedule   Tribes   (Prevention   of   Atrocities)   Act  was framed against accused Vijay Rajput to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.

5.   Thereafter, prosecution has examined 6 witnesses in support of its case.

6.   PW1   is   W/ASI   Runa   Rathore   i.e.   the   Duty   Officer,   who registered FIR Ex.PW1/A. She also made endorsement Ex.PW1/B on rukka. She also issued certificate u/s 65B of Indian Evidence Act Ex. PW1/C.

7.   PW2 is Sh. Balbir who deposed as under:

"That he is a Jaat by caste. He knew accused Vijay Kumar and Pradeep, who is the complainant of the present case. Accused Vijay Kumar was having a property   dealing   office   in   the   Guru   Nanak   Dev Colony, Village Bhalaswa and he has visiting terms with him. Pradeep used to sit in his office and deal SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   3 of 26 ­ 4 ­ with the property dealing business from his office. He also deposed that initially, Pradeep had made complaint   against   him   and   accused   Vijay   to   the police   under   SC/ST   Act   and   thereafter   he contacted   him   and   asked   him   to   become   a  false witness against Vijay, if he wanted to save himself from   the   legal   consequences.   Pradeep   terrorized him.   Pradeep   took   him   to   the   police   station   in pursuant   to   the   complaint   filed   by   him.   On   the asking of the Pradeep, he had signed some blank papers at the police station under the pressure of Pradeep.   He   also   deposed   that   after   1   or   2   two days, Pradeep again took him to the police station and on the way he tutored him that he had to make a false complaint to the police by saying that on the way Vijay had used castiest word against him (Pradeep) in public. He also deposed that however, no   such   incident   had   taken   place   and   Vijay   had never used any castiest word against Pradeep. By putting pressure upon him, Pradeep made him to state   forcibly   before   the   police   that   on   the   way accused   Vijay   had   used   castiest   word   against Pradeep.   He   also   deposed   that   he   asked   from Pradeep "chacha hamare saath aisa kyun kar rahe SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   4 of 26 ­ 5 ­ ho,   kya   galti   ho   gayi".   Under   the   pressure,   his statement was got recorded by Pradeep before the police, however, Vijay never insulted Pradeep nor he used any castiest word against him at any point of time. 
Since   this   witness   has   turned   hostile,   he   was cross­examined by Ld. Addl. PP for the State, but despite   cross­examination,   he   failed   to   support statement mark PW2/A. PW3   is   complainant   Sh.   Pradeep,   who   deposed that he belong to Valmiki Caste.  On 11.03.2016, at about   2:00   pm,   he   alongwith   Balbir   went   to   the property   office   of   Vijay   Rajput   i.e.   accused.   The said office is situated at Jhimar Village. In fact, he had   only   accompanied   Balbir   to   the   office   of accused Vijay Rajput, as he had to talk to accused Vijay   Rajput   in   relation   to   some   property.   At   the said   office,  Balbir talked  to accused  Vijay Rajput for   some   time   in   regard   to   some   plot.   During conversation,   Balbir   and   Vijay   at   some   distance from him talked with each other. He was not aware as   to   what   was   the   said   conversation   about. Thereafter, he returned back to his house. He also deposed that on 12.03.2016, Balbir made a phone SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   5 of 26 ­ 6 ­ call   to   him   and   called   him   at   his   office   at   Main Road   Radha   Vihar.   Accordingly,   he   went   to   the said office. There he met Balbir. At the said office, Balbir informed him that accused Vijay Rajput had been   using   abusive   language   against   him,   when they   visited   at   his   office   on   11.03.2016.   He   also deposed  that  Balbir further informed him that he had   recorded   the   said   conversation   which   took place   between   him   and   accused   Vijay   Rajput. Balbir also played the said conversation over his phone and he heard the said conversation, which he played for a brief duration and thereafter he had not   made   him   heard   the   complete   conversation recorded in the said mobile. He also deposed that thereafter, on 13.03.2016, he had again visited the office   of   Balbir.   In   the   said   office,   he   found   the mobile   phone   of   Balbir   put   for   charging.   At   that time, Balbir went to his house for taking lunch. In the said office, he picked up the mobile phone of Balbir   and   heard   the   complete   conversation recorded in the said mobile. In the mobile phone, it was   recorded   that   accused   Vijay   Rajput   was saying Balbir not to remain in his (PW3) company and   he   further   uttered   the   words   regarding   him SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   6 of 26 ­ 7 ­ (PW3)  "Wo chura hai, bhangi hai, police ka dalal hai,   mukhbir   hai   aur   hamare   level   ka   nahi,   iske saath   mat   baitha   kar".   Thereafter,   he   transferred the said recording / conversation over his mobile phone. Upon the return of Balbir to his office, he had   informed   him   that   he   had   heard   the conversation   recorded   in   his   mobile   and thereafter, he had accompanied Balbir to the office of accused Vijay, but on the way they met accused Vijay and he inquired from accused Vijay as to how he   uttered   the   said   words.   Accused   Vijay threatened   him   as   to   how   dare   he   was   making such inquiries from him and he uttered the words "Teri   aukat   hai   mere   samne   bolne   ki,   chala   ja warna   marwa   dunga".   Thereafter,   he   had discussed   the   said   occurrence   with   his   family members. He also deposed that he had lodged a complaint to SHO concerned on 19.03.2016 and on 21.03.2016,   he   had   lodged   complaints   before ACP/DCP/Commissioner   of   Police/SC/ST Commission as well as to Home Ministry. He also exhibited copy of said complaint as Ex. PW3/A. He also   deposed   that   after   lodging   the   complaint, Balbir met him at his office and informed him that SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   7 of 26 ­ 8 ­ accused Vijay alongwith his 3 to 4 associates had visited his house and threatened him that in case he   would   depose   against   him,   he   would   have   to meet   with   dire   consequences.   Thereafter,   Balbir had   also   lodged   a   complaint   to   concerned   SHO regarding   the   said   criminal   intimidation   by accused.   He   also   deposed   that   on   27.03.2016, when he left his house for a morning walk and was present at near Bhalaswa Jheel during the morning hours, 4 boys came there and gave beatings to him and threatened him for withdrawing the complaint against accused Vijay Rajput and in case he would depose   against   him   he   would   have   to   meet   with dire consequences. On the same day, he had made a call at number 100 and PCR officials took him to BJRM Hospital, where he was medically examined and   on   his   complaint   police   registered   the complaint and lodged Non Cognizable Report. He also   deposed   that   during   investigation,   he   had handed   over   his   caste   certificate   to   the   police which IO had seized vide seizure memo Ex.PW3/B. He also exhibited the copy of the caste certificate as   Ex.   P1.   He   also   deposed   that   during investigation,   he   had   transferred   the   said SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   8 of 26 ­ 9 ­ conversation in a DVD and handed over the said DVD   to   IO.   He   also   deposed   that   he   has   not brought   his   mobile   phone,   as   his   said   mobile instrument   has   been   stolen   and   thus   the   said conversation/recording is not available.

8.   PW4 is Sh. Rajender Kumar, who has brought the summoned record and deposed that the said caste certificate was issued to Sh.   Pradeep   Kumar.   He   also   exhibited   the   copy   of   said   caste certificate as Ex. P1.

9.   PW5 is SI Rajender, who on 15.11.2016, on the instructions of IO went to the house of accused Vijay Kumar and made inquiries about his residence. 

10. PW6   is   Sh.   Prashant   Gautam,   who   had   conducted   the investigations and seized the caste certificate vide seizure memo Ex. PW3/B. He also effected the arrest of accused Vijay vide arrest memo Ex. PW6/B and conducted his personal search vide memo Ex.   PW6/C   and   upon   completion   of   investigations   prepared chargesheet.

11. After   the   conclusion   of   prosecution   evidence,   statement   of accused   under   Section   313   Cr.P.C.   was   recorded.   However, accused chose not to lead any evidence in his defence.

SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   9 of 26 ­ 10 ­

12. I have heard Sh. Gaurav Bhatia, Ld. Counsel for the accused as well as Ld. Addl. PP for the State. 

13. The Ld. Defence Counsel has argued that there are only two public witnesses examined during trial. However, PW2 Balbir has not supported the case of the prosecution and was declared hostile by   Ld.   Addl.   PP   for   the   State,   but   despite   detailed   cross­ examination,   PW2   has   failed   to   support   the   statement   mark PW2/A. He also argued that in fact PW3 Sh. Pradeep Kumar i.e. complainant has got registered false case against the accused and has also deposed falsely as the complainant was having personal grudge   against   the   accused,   as   there   was   a   rivalry   due   to   the business   of   property   dealing   between   the   accused   and   the complainant and in order to teach accused a lesson, complainant created a concocted story, as the accused had sold so many plots in which the negotiations talks were going on with the complainant.

  Ld. Defence counsel has also argued that the complainant i.e. PW3 had also roped / arrayed PW2 Sh. Balbir who is a prosecution witness  as   an   accused  in  complaint  Ex.  PW3/A   on  the  basis  of which the present case was registered. Ld. Defence counsel has also argued that even complainant has not been able to provide his mobile instrument to the investigation agency and thus Ld. Defence counsel prays that accused be acquitted.   

SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   10 of 26 ­ 11 ­

14. On the other hand, Ld. Addl. PP for the State has vehemently opposed  the  above contentions, stating that the complainant i.e. PW3   has   supported   the   case   of   the   prosecution   and   has categorically   deposed   against   the   accused,   therefore,   the prosecution has been able to prove its case u/S.   3(1)(r) of SC & ST   (Prevention   of   Atrocities)   Act,   1989,   beyond   any   shadow   of doubt.

15. With regard to the charge(s) u/S. 3 (i)(r) of SC/ST Amendment Act, 2015, which was earlier an offence u/s & 3(1) (x) & (xi) of   Schedule  Caste and  Schedule   Tribes   (Prevention   of Atrocities) Act 1989, the relevant law in this regard is as under : 

                It   has   been   held   in  W.P  (Crl.)   3083/2016  decided  on 03.07.2017, titled as Gayatri vs. State and ors that:­      "3. (1) whoever, not being a member of Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe,­........

            (x)   Intentionally   insults   or   intimidates   with   intent   to humiliate   a   member   of   a   Scheduled   Caste   or   a   Scheduled Tribe in any place within public view;

         Shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than six months but which may extend to five years and with fine. 

           II "15. Basic ingredients for the offence under Clause (x) of Subsection (1) of Section 3 of the Act, revealed through the SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   11 of 26 ­ 12 ­ bare reading of this section are as follows: (a) there should be intentional   insult   or   intimidation   by   a   person,   who   is   not   a member of SC or ST; (b) the insult must be with an intent to humiliate   the   member   of   the   SC   or   ST   As   the   intent   to humiliate is necessary, it follows that the accused must have knowledge or awareness that the victim belongs to the SC or ST this can be inferred even from long association; and (c) the incident must occur in any place within the public view. There cannot be any dispute that the offence can be committed at any place whether it is a private place or a "public view" as long   as   it   is   within   the   "public   view".     The   requirement   of "public view" can be satisfied even in a private place, where the public is present....."

          III  " In the present case, we are concerned with the first two ingredients and it emerges therefrom that a case wold fall under the first sub­section only when the person making the derogatory   utterance   knows   that   the   person   whom   he   was intentionally   insulting   or   intimidating   or   humiliating   in   the name of the caste was a member of SC or ST.   If he had no knowledge of his caste status, the offence under sub­section (1) (x) would not be constituted.  Similarly if his utterance was not directed against a member of SC/ST in contradistinction to a group of members of SC/ST or the community as a whole, it would not again make out an offence under sub section (1) (x).

SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   12 of 26 ­ 13 ­ The   word   "a   member"   occurring   in   the   provision   assumes crucial   importance   in   this   context   and   leaves   no   scope   for doubt that it must be directed against the individual member and not against a group of members or the crowd or the public in general though these may comprise of SC/ST. If it is made in   generalized   terms   against   all   and   sundry   and   it   is   not individual specific in the name of caste, if would not make out an   offence   under   the   sub­section,   the   rationale   being   that intentional   insult,   intimidation   and   humiliation   made   in   the name of caste was liable to be caused to a person and in this case to an individual member of SC/ST and not to a group of members or public in general. 

        IV.  Daya Bhatnagar (Supra) was a decision rendered by the learned Single Judge on a reference being made to him on account   of   a   difference   of   opinion   between   two   learned judges   constituting   the   Division   Bench.   The   learned   single Judge S.K. Aggarwal, J. concurred with the view of B.A. Khan, J   and   disagreed   with   the   view   of   V.S.   Aggarwal,   J.   S.K. Aggarwal J. approved the following observation of B.A. Khan, J. in his opinion:

             "If the accused does not know that the person whom he was intentionally insulting or intimidating or humiliating is a member of SC or ST, an offence under this section would SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   13 of 26 ­ 14 ­ not be constituted. Similarly, if he does not do all this at any place within "place view", the offence would not be made out. Therefore,   to   attract   an   offence   under   section   3   (i)   (x),   an accused must know that victim belongs to SC/ST caste and he   must   intentionally   insult,   intimidate   him/her   at   a   place within "public view". The place need not be a public place. It could be even at a private place provided the utterance was made within "public view". 

        V. S.K. Aggarwal, J. proceeded to examine the meaning of the expression "public view" used in section 3(1) (x) of the SC/ST Act. He referred to the meaning of the word "public" found in legal dictionaries, and also referred to the statement of Object and Reasons of the SC/ST Act. After analyzing the provisions of the SC/ST Act and in particular sub­clause (X) of Section   3   (1)   of   the   said   Act­which   makes   "utterances punishable", he observed:

                       "The Legislature required 'intention' as an essential ingredient   for   the   offence   of   Insult',   "Intimidation"   and "humiliation"   of   a   member   of   the   Scheduled   Casts   of Scheduled Tribe in any place within "public view". Offences under   the   Act   are   quite   grave   and   provide   stringent punishments.   Graver   is   the  offence,   stronger   should   be   the proof.     The   interpretation   which   suppresses   or   evades   the mischief   and   advances   the   object   of   the   Act   has   to   be SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   14 of 26 ­ 15 ­ adopted. Keeping this in view, looking at the aims and objects of the Act, the expression "public view" in Section 3 (i) (x) of the Act has to be interpreted to mean that the public persons present,   (howsoever   small   number   it   may   be),   should   be independent   and   impartial   and   not   interested   in   any   of   the parties.   In   other   words,   persons   having   any   kind   of   close relationship   or   association   with   the   complainant,   would necessarily   get   excluded.   I   am   again   in   agreement   with   the interpretation put on the expression "public view" by learned Mr.   Justice   B.A   Khan.   The   relevant   portion   of   his   judgment reads as under:­            "I accordingly hold that expression within "public view"

occurring in section 3 (i)  (x) of the Act means within the view which includes hearing, knowledge or accessibility also, of a group   of  people   of  the place/locality/village as distinct  from few who are not private and are as good as stranger and not linked with the complainant through any close relationship or any   business,   commercial   or   any   other   vested   interest   and who   are   not   participating   members   with   him   in   any   way.   If such group of people comprises anyone of these, it would not satisfy the requirement of 'public view, within the meaning of the expression used. 

        It has been held in W.P (Crl) no. 1593/2006 and Crl. M.A. No.   6859/2006,   decided   on   09.01.2009,   titled   as   Ashwani SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   15 of 26 ­ 16 ­ Kumar vs. State and Anr.  

           Proposition of law thus is clear. Simply because section 3 (1) (x) of SC/ST Act finds mention in the FIR by itself cannot be a ground to conclude that prima facie an offence under the alone said Section of SC/ST Act has been made out.  Judicial scrutiny of the documents in such like cases is permissible to evaluate whether the material relied upon by the prosecution revealed that existence of basic ingredients of the offence or not. For that limited purpose, the Court can sift and weigh the material   placed   before   it,   before   examining   the   question whether on the allegations made in the FIR, prima facie any offence under section 3(1) (x) act is made out.                  As an adjective, 'public' wold have meaning upon the subjects to which it is applied. SC/ST Act has been enacted with a view to protect a weaker section of the Society from various kinds of atrocities that might be perpetrated against SC/STs which find enumeration in section 3 of the SC/ST Act as   Constituting   an   offence   court   has   to   keep   in   mind   that offence   under   the   SC/ST   Act   are   quite   grave   and   provide stringent punishment an therefore, stronger proof is required, Court   has   to   adopt   an   interpretation   which   suppresses   or evades   the   mischief   which   might   have   been   played   and advances   the   object   of   the   Act.   Therefore,   'public   view' appearing in section 3(1) (x) of SC/ST Act has to be interpreted SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   16 of 26 ­ 17 ­ to  mean  the  presence of the public persons, however small may be, and those persons are independent and impartial and not interested in any of the parties. In other words, persons having any kind of close relationship or association with the complainant have to be excluded from the definition of 'public view'. 

           I accordingly hold that expression within 'public view' occurring in Section 3 (1) (x) of the Act means within the view which includes hearing, knowledge or accessibility also, of a group   of  people   of  the place/locality/village as distinct  from few who are not private and are as good as strangers and not linked with the complainant through any close relationship or any   business,   commercial   or   any   other   vested   interest   and who  are  not participating  members with  him in any way.   If such group of people comprises anyone of these, it would not satisfy the requirement of 'public view' within the meaning of the expression used. 

        Public view envisages that public persons present there should   be   independent,   impartial   and   not   having   any commercial or business relationship, or other linkage with the complainant. It would also not include persons who have any previous   enmity   or   motive   to   falsely   implicate   the   accused persons.   However,   merely   because   a   witness,   who   is otherwise neutral or impartial and who happens to be present SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   17 of 26 ­ 18 ­ at the house of the victim, by itself, cannot be disqualified.

16. As per the case of the prosecution only one independent public witness   had   been   cited   in   the   chargesheet   and   was   examined during   trial   i.e.   PW2   Sh.   Balbir   Singh,   however,   PW2   has   not supported the case of the prosecution in any manner. Rather he deposed as under: 

"That he is a Jaat by caste. He is in the property dealing   business.   He  know  accused   Vijay  Kumar as well as  Pradeep, who is the complainant of the present case. Accused Vijay Kumar was having a property   dealing   office   in   the   Guru   Nanak   Dev Colony, Village Bhalaswa and he has visiting terms with him. He also deposed that Pradeep used to sit in   his   office   and   deal   with   the   property   dealing business from his office. 
He also deposed that initially, Pradeep had made complaint   against   him   and   accused   Vijay   to   the police   under   SC/ST   Act   and   thereafter   he contacted   him   and   asked   him   to   become   a  false witness against Vijay, if he wanted to save himself from   the   legal   consequences.   He   also   deposed that   complainant   terrorized   him   and   took   him   to SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   18 of 26 ­ 19 ­ the police station in pursuant to the complaint filed by   him.   On   the   asking   of   the   Pradeep,   he   had signed   some   blank   papers   at   the   police   station under the pressure of Pradeep. 
He   further   deposed   that   after   1   or   2   two   days, Pradeep again took him to the police station and on the way he tutored him that he had to make a false complaint to the police by saying that on the way  Vijay  had used  castiest  word against  him in public. However, no such incident had taken place and   Vijay   had   never   used   any   castiest   word against   Pradeep.   By   putting   pressure   upon   him, Pradeep   made   him   to   state   forcibly   before   the police   that   on   the   way   accused   Vijay   had   used castiest word against Pradeep. He further deposed that he asked from Pradeep "chacha hamare saath aisa kyun kar rahe ho, kya galti ho gayi". Under the pressure,   his   statement   was   got   recorded   by Pradeep   before   the   police,   however,   Vijay   never insulted   Pradeep   nor   he   used   any   castiest   word against him at any point of time.
SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   19 of 26 ­ 20 ­ This witness was declared hostile by Ld. Addl. PP for the State and was cross­examination with the permission   of   the   court.   However,   in   the   said cross­examination,   this   witness   has   denied   to make statement mark PW2/A before the police and remained   hostile   despite   the   detailed   cross­ examination by the Ld. Addl. PP".

17. That   complainant   PW3   Pradeep   Kumar   has   deposed   in corroboration   to   the   complaint   Ex.   PW3/A,   but   during   cross­ examination   he   admitted   prior   to   doing   the   property   dealing business,   he   was   working   with   accused   Vijay,   as   his   collection agent,   as   accused   Vijay   was   having   business   of   construction material   and   he   was   employed   by   accused   Vijay   to   collect   the payments. 

  He   also   deposed   that  he  had  worked  with  accused  Vijay  for about one year and thereafter left the said job. No money was due from   accused.   He   also   volunteered   that   accused   had   paid   him more than the salary. He also deposed that after leaving the said job,   he   started   working   with   Balbir   in   the   property   business   by making a group. He also deposed that there were 4 to 5 boys in the said group doing property business together. He also deposed that accused Vijay and Dharambir Yadav were doing separate property business from them. 

  He also admitted it to be correct that on 11.03.2016, he had not SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   20 of 26 ­ 21 ­ heard   any   conversation   which   took   place   between   Balbir   and accused Vijay, he also admitted that he himself had not heard as to what conversation / talks were exchanged between accused Vijay and Balbir. 

  He also admitted to be correct that he is not in a position to produce   the   said   mobile   in   which   the   said   conversation   was recorded by him as claimed by him. 

  He also admitted to be correct that in complaint Ex. PW3/A, he had   arrayed   Balbir   as   an   accused.   He   showed   his   ignorance   if Balbir had been cited as witness in this case.    He also admitted to be correct that in his complaint Ex. PW3/A, he   had   not   named   any   person,   who   might   have   heard   the conversation which as per his claim took place between accused and him.

  He also deposed that he had made statement before the IO of the   present   case   regarding   the   incident   dated   27.03.2016.  This witness   was   also   confronted   with   his   previous   statement   i.e. complaint Ex. PW3/A where the word "Wo chura hai, bhangi hai"

has not been found so recorded.
  Thus, from the cross­examination of PW3 Pradeep Kumar, it is clear that the testimony of PW3 is hearsay evidence which is not admissible. Though this witness has claimed that he had loaded the said conversation into his mobile phone from the mobile phone of PW2 Balbir, but he categorically admitted and deposed that he is not   in   a   position   to   produce   any   such   recording,   as   the   mobile SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   21 of 26 ­ 22 ­ phone in which the said recording was contained had been stolen and thus the said conversation/recording is not available with him. The very fact that this witness had also arrayed Balbir in the array of accused, in his complaint Ex. PW3/A, discredited the evidence of PW3,   as   Balbir   has   been   cited   as   prosecution   witness   by   the investigation agency. Therefore, it would be pertinent to observe here that PW2 Sh. Balbir only became witness under coercion to save himself from being chargesheeted in this case lest he would have   also   been   facing   trial   alongwith   the   present   accused. Therefore,   even   otherwise   PW2   cannot   be   said   to   be   an independent witness.

18. In his further cross­examination, various improvements, which were made by him in his examination in chief were confronted to him viz a viz his previous statement recorded u/S. 161 CrPC by the Ld. Defence Counsel.  

19. The probative force of this witness has been greatly diminished due to the fact that he had an axe to grind against accused due to the admissions made by PW3 that earlier he was working as the employee of accused Vijay Kumar, but he left the said employment and joined some other persons in the property business. He was harbouring a grudge against the accused.  Delay in lodging of FIR is   also   there.     He   is   also   a   hearsay   witness   with   regard   to   the alleged   conversation   which   allegedly   took   place   between   Balbir SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   22 of 26 ­ 23 ­ and accused Vijay Kumar regarding making of castiest remarks as alleged by him in his complaint.

  Consequently,   probative   force   of   his   testimony   is   reduced   to great extent, therefore, he is not a reliable witness.  Possibilities of making false complaint against the accused are quite high in the present case. 

20. It   is   pertinent   to   mention   over   here   that   PW3   Sh.   Pradeep Kumar   in   his   examination­in­chief   has   deposed   that   during investigations he had transferred the conversation into a DVD and handed over the said DVD to IO, but IO PW6 ACP Sh. Prashant Gautam has controverted the said version by deposing that during investigations the complainant had not provided any mobile phone containing   any   conversation   containing   castiest   remarks.   IO   has also   deposed   that   no   transcript   of   any   such   conversation   was handed over to him by the complainant or by witness Sh. Balbir Singh. Thus, it appears that there was no conversation recorded either   in   mobile,   DVD,   CD   or   its   transcript   by   the   complainant, which was placed or produced before the court. The entire story in this regard appears to be fabricated one. 

21. As already discussed above, the expression  public view  is to be interpreted to mean that the public persons present should be independent and impartial and not interested in any of the parties by close relationship or association with the complainant.

SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   23 of 26 ­ 24 ­

22. As   already   discussed   above,   PW2   Sh.   Balbir   Singh   has turned hostile and had not supported the case of the prosecution in any  manner,  as far  as the testimony of PW3 Pradeep Kumar is concerned   his   testimony   regarding   incident   dated   11.03.2016   is hearsay which is  not  admissible in evidence and it appears that PW3 Sh. Pradeep Kumar is even otherwise an interested witness either having some score to settle with the accused or having some axe to grind against him due to previous business rivalry with him. Therefore, the said words cannot be said to have been made in public view, which is the most necessary ingredient of the above section.

23. Further,   even   otherwise   no   call   was   made   to   the   police immediately   with   regard   to   the   incident   dated   11.03.2016   or   on 12.03.2016   at   the   time   of   the   incident   or   shortly   thereafter, therefore, the chances of false implication of the accused in this case due to previous enmity is highly probable.    Further there is a delay of twenty days in lodging the FIR, which   has   not   been   explained.   Original   complaint   was   not produced   for   the   perusal  of  the  court  nor  it  has  been  explained what had happened to the original complaint, which also a serious flaw in the case of the prosecution.

  Therefore, the probative force of the prosecution case as a whole is greatly diminished due to all these assorted factors.  The SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   24 of 26 ­ 25 ­ said probative force lies in the range of highly unlikely region or even doubtful to happened or taken place, as projected, chances of false   implication   cannot   be   ruled   out   as   discussed   above,   it appears the stringent provisions of SC/ST Act have been misused by the complainant to the detriment of the accused.

24. In  nut   shell,   taking the probative force of the prosecution evidence   as   a   whole   on   the   probative   scales,   where   the probabilities of happening of any event is measured or assessed, the   same  is  on  the  lower  side, whereas the defence version on such scale of 0 to 1 is on the higher side.   If the same has to be quantified   on   the   said   scale,   it   can   be   numbered   randomly   to around   .8   or   80%,   whereas   the   prosecution   version   would   be around .2 or 20%.  

  On such kind of weak/inconclusive evidence, the accused cannot be convicted. In these circumstances, the accused stands acquitted of the charge(s) for offence(s)  punishable u/s 3(1)(r) of SC & ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.  His previous bail bonds are cancelled. Previous surety stand discharged. Original document(s), if any be returned after cancelling the endorsement(s), if any on the same, if the same are not resubmitted while furnishing bail bonds u/S. 437­A CrPC

25. The   Accused   had   already   furnished   his   bail   bonds   in compliance of Section 437­A Cr.P.C, which will remain valid for a SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   25 of 26 ­ 26 ­ period of six months from today, as per the provisions of Section 437­A CrPC

26. File on completion be consigned to record room.  

Announced in the open Court     (Sanjeev Aggarwal) th on 13  day of December 2018   Addl. Sessions Judge­02,North                                                             Rohini Courts, Delhi     13.12.2018 SC No. 59439/16; FIR No.548/2016, PS Bhalaswa Dairy      State Vs. Vijay Kumar                 Page No.   26 of 26