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Delhi District Court

State vs . Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar on 7 April, 2018

           IN THE COURT OF SH. AJAY GUPTA, ADDL.SESSIONS
          JUDGE02 (EAST) SPL. JUDGE (NDPS) KARKARDOOMA 
                        COURTS, DELHI

                                                                Sessions Case No. 551/2016 
                                                                           FIR No. 235/2012
                                                                          PS: Crime Branch
                                                                        U/s. 20/25 NDPS Act
In the matter of:­

State              Vs.                 Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar
                                       S/o Ram Shobhit  Sahni
                                       R/o House of Sukhari Sahni, Andarkila
                                       Nakhas Chowk, PO & PS Town Hajipur,
                                       Vaishali, Bihar


                   Date of institution                     15.12.2012
                   Arguments heard                         21.03.2018
                   Date of judgment                        07.04.2018

JUDGMENT:

­ PROSECUTION CASE:­

1. Brief facts, as per prosecution case, are that on 28.09.2012, at about 10.10   pm   a   secret   information   was   received   by   HC   Upender no.25/Crime, that a person namely Shambu Sahni who is the resident of Samastipur, Bihar and involved in supply of ganja in Ghaziabad(U.P) will tonight come from Bihar between 11.45 pm to 12 midnight alongwith ganja   in   his   Maroon   Colour   Hyundai   EON   car   which   doesn't   have   a number   plate   in   front   and   has   Bihar   registration   number   plate   at   the back. This person will go to Ghaziabad via Akhshardham flyover and if followed, can be apprehended alongwith heavy quantity of illegal ganja.

FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             1 of 35 HC Upender informed about the same to SI Gurmeet Singh (first IO) who,   after   verifying,   informed   about   the   same   to   Insp.   Jai   Bhagwan. After   that   Insp.   Jai   Bhagwan   directed   him   to   take   appropriate   action upon which SI Gurmeet Singh registered the DD No.28 at 10.25 pm and made   compliance   of   sec   42   NDPS   Act.   After   that   a   raiding   team, comprising of SI Gurmeet Singh, HC Upender, HC Azad, HC Dilbag and Ct.   Rupesh,   was   constituted.   After   that   raiding   team   made   their departure entry  vide DD no.29 at 10.40 pm. SI Gurmeet Singh took his IO kit, electronic weighing scale alongwith other necessary articles and he alongwith HC Upender, HC Azad and HC Dilbag proceeded in his private Swift Dzire Car bearing registration number DL 9CAC­0525 and Ct.   Rupesh   proceeded   alongwith   the   secret   informer   on   his   private motorcycle bearing regn. no. DL­6SC­AL­7121. At about 11.15 pm they reached   Akshardham   Flyover   where   SI   Gurmeet   Singh   shared   the secret information with 6­7 passersby and requested them to join the raiding party but they refused to join them and they without disclosing their names left the spot by citing their valid reasons. Ct. Rupesh and secret   informer   took   their   position   near   the   Akshardham   Flyover   and rest of the team members took their position at some distance. At about 11.55   pm,   Ct.   Rupesh   gave   signal   towards   Maroon   Colour   Hyundai EON   car,   which   was   coming   from   the   side   of   Sarai   Kale   Khan   to Ghazipur,   by   turning   on   the   light   of   his   motorcycle   upon   which   SI Gurmeet started his car and proceeded towards Ghazipur and when the said car attempted to go ahead of the car of SI Gurmeet, SI Gurmeet got stopped the said car by pushing him towards left side. The driver (accused) of the car attempted to flee but he was overpowered by HC FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             2 of 35 Upender and HC Azad. After that SI Gurmeet Singh informed him about the secret information and served him with the notice u/s 50 NDPS Act. Accused was informed about his legal rights that his search as well as search of his car is to be taken and if he is willing, the search can be made in the presence of a Magistrate or a Gazetted officer and prior to that he can take search of the police team and their car. The accused refused the same and wrote his refusal on the carbon copy of the notice u/s 50 NDPS Act and signed the same. No contraband was recovered from the search of the accused, however, one white colour plastic bag containing 27 Kgs 450 gm ganja was recovered from the rear seat of the car and another white colour plastic bag containing 27 kg ganza was recovered from the dickey of the car of the accused. The bags were given serial no.1 & 2. Two samples of ½ kg ganja were drawn from each of the bags and after keeping them in transparent polythenes  they were converted   into   cloth   pullindas.   The   sample   pullindas   prepared   from Serial   no.1   were   given   Mark   1­A   and   1­B   respectively   and   likewise samples of Serial no.2 were given Mark 2­A  & 2­B. SI Gurmeet Singh sealed the aforesaid two bags and samples with seal of  GSK and filled FSL   form   and   thereafter,   handed   over   the   seal   to   HC   Upender.   The pullindas were taken into possession vide a seizure memo. After that SI Gurmeet   prepared   a   rukka   for   the   commission   of   offence   u/s   20/25 NDPS Act and handed over the rukka as well as all sealed pullindas with FSL form alongwith carbon copy of seizure memo to Ct. Rupesh with the instruction to handover the rukka to the DO and case property to the SHO, Crime Branch for the compliance of sec 55 NDPS Act. After registration of the case further investigation was marked to SI Sanjeev FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             3 of 35 Kumar, thus, he proceeded to spot where SI Gurmeet Singh handed over to him all the documents. He prepared the site plan of spot. In the mean   time   Ct.   Rupesh   came   to   the   spot   and   handed   over   him   a computerised copy of FIR and after that SI Sanjeev Kumar put the FIR number on all the documents.  After interrogation accused was arrested and his disclosure statement was also recorded. Accused disclosed that he was handed over the said ganja by Ashok a resident of Patna to deliver the same to one Gullu at Ghaziabad. The EON car of accused was taken into possession and thereafter the accused was produced before   Insp.   Jai   Bhagwan.   Car   and   personal   search   articles   were deposited in the Malkhana. SI Sanjeev Kumar recorded the statement of SHO   Crime   Branch   and   MHCM   and   other   police   officials.   He   then submitted report u/s 57 NDPS act to Insp. Jai Bhagwan and by that time SI  Gurmeet   had   already   submitted   his  report   u/s   57   NDPS   Act.  The accused was taken on two days PC remand, however, no clue of Ashok could be gathered and Gullu had passed away. FSL result confirmed that   recovered   substance   was   ganja.   The   EON   car   No.BR­31J­4254 was   found   registered   in   the   name   of   accused.   After   completion   of investigation, the accused was chargesheet u/s 20/25 NDPS ACT. 

2. Vide order Dt.04.02.13 a charge u/s 20(b)(ii)(C) NDPS Act was framed for possessing ganja weighing 54.45 kg and u/s 25 NDPS Act for using the said EON car for transporting the contraband. 

3. In   order   to   establish   the   aforesaid   accusations,   the   prosecution examined   11   witnesses.   Brief   outline   of   the   testimonies   of   these witnesses is as under:­ FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             4 of 35 (3.1.) HC Jaipal Singh (PW­1) is the duty officer who recorded the FIR. He   placed   on   record   the   copy   of   FIR   as   Ex­PW­1/A   and   his endorsement on the rukka as Ex­PW­1/B. (3.2.) HC Sandeep Kr. (PW­2) is the police official who on 29.09.2012 was   posted   in   the   office   of   ACP,   AATS   Crime   Branch.   This   witness brought   on   record   the   DD   no.28   (Ex.PW­2/A)   which   was   received   in their office on 29.9.12 and registered in their records vide diary no 1139 (PW­2/B). PW2 further brought on record two reports u/s 57 NDPS Act. The report sent by SI Gurmeet Singh was placed on record as Ex.PW­ 2/C and SI Sanjeev Kumar Ex.PW 2/D while the entry numbers i.e. 1140 and 1141 by virtue of which these reports were entered in their records were placed on record vide Ex.PW­2/E and PW­2/F.   (3.3) HC Upender  (PW­3)  is one of the members of the police team which   held   the   accused   and   effected   recovery   of   ganja   from   the accused person. This witness has deposed more or less on the same lines as discussed in the para no.1, thus, the detailed account of his testimony is not being repeated here for the sake of brevity. The entire case   property   was   firstly   brought   on   record   by   this   witness,   thus, particular part of his testimony where he exhibited the cases property is being discussed here in order to specify the particulars with which the case property was brought on record. During evidence of this witness the entire case property which includes the contraband recovered from the accused as well as the samples which were received back from the FSL and also the car which was used by the accused to transport the contraband   was   brought   on   record.   The   documents   as   well   as   case FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             5 of 35 property which were brought on record by this witness are mentioned as under alongwith their identification marks:­  i. Carbon copy of notice 50 NDPS Act as Ex.PW­3/A, ii. The Reply of the accused on the said notice as Ex.PW­3/B, iii. None personal search Memo as Ex.PW­3/C, iv. Seizure Memo of contraband Ex­PW3/D, v. Arrest Memo Ex­PW­3/E, vi. Personal Search Memo Ex­PW­3/F, vii. Seizure Memo of Hyundai Eon Car Ex­PW­3/G, viii.Disclosure statement of accused Ex.PW­3/H, ix. Original notice 50 NDPS Act recovered from the personal search of the accused Ex. PW­3/I, x. Nine   toll   tax   receipts   recovered   from   personal   search   of   the accused collectively exhibited as Ex.PW­3/J, xi. Sample Mark 1A and 2A which were sent to FSL were produced with the seal of FSL. The transparent polythene and the cloth in which both the samples were kept and wrapped were placed on record as Ex.P1 & P2 and Ex.P3 & P4 respectively, xii. Other two sample pullindas Mark 1B and 2B were produced with the seals of IO and SHO and placed on record as Ex.P5 and P6. xiii.The   cloth   pullindas   of   contraband   Sl.   No.1   and   2   were   also produced with the seals of IO and SHO and these pullindas were brought on record as Ex.P7 and P8.

(3.4)   HC   Jagnarayan   (PW­4)  is   the   MHCM.   He   deposed   that   on 29.09.12, he was posted at PS Crime Branch Malviya Nagar, Delhi and on that day, at  about 04.45  am, the SHO Insp.  Palvinder  Singh had deposited   in   malkhana   six   sealed   pullindas   i.e.   Mark1   and   2   (the contraband) and four pullindas i.e. Mark 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B (samples) alongwith FSL form with carbon copy of seizure memo. In this regard, he made  an entry at  Sl. No.1697 in  register  no.19, copy  of  which is FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             6 of 35 brought on record as Ex­PW­4/A. He further deposed that on the same day at about 9.30 am SI Sanjeev Kumar produced one Hyundai EON car without number plate as well as personal search articles consisting original   notice   u/s   50   NDPS   Act,   Rs.750/­,   one   mobile   phone   make Reliance   and   nine   receipts   of   payment   of   Highway   toll   tax   which   he deposited in the malkhana and in this regard he made another entry in register no.19, i.e. entry no. 1698 copy of which is brought on record as Ex­PW­4/B. On 04.10.2012, on the direction of SHO, he, through Ct. Jagat Singh, sent the two sample pullindas mark 1A and 2A with FSL form to the FSL vide RC No.582/21 Ex­PW­4/C. The receipt of deposit of said pullindas at FSL was brought on record as Ex­PW­4/D. (3.5) Ct. Jagat Nagar (PW­5)  is the police official who deposited the sample parcels and FSL form with FSL Rohini.

(3.6) SI Gurmeet Singh (PW­6)  is the first IO and  HC Dilbag Singh (PW­7) is another member of the police team who initially apprehended the accused and made recovery of contraband. The testimony of these witnesses is also not repeated here for the sake of brevity as they have deposed more or less on the same lines as mentioned in Para No.1. 

(3.7) Insp. Sanjeev Kumar (PW­8)  is the second IO of the case. His testimony is also on the similar lines as described in para no.1. 

(3.8) Insp. Palvinder Singh (PW­9) is the then SHO of Crime Branch to whom all the  six sealed pullindas were produced in compliance of the provision of sec.55   of NDPS Act.   He deposed that  on 29.09.2012 at about 4.20 am, Ct. Rupesh came to his office and produced six sealed FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             7 of 35 pullandas sealed with the seal of GSK, FSL form bearing the sample seal and carbon copy of the seizure memo. He put his seal of PSC on all the sealed pullandas as also on FSL form and after inquiry from the Duty   Officer   mentioned   the   FIR   number   on   the   same   and   then   he deposited them with the MHCM who made relevant entry in register no. 19 which was signed by him.

(3.9) Insp. Jai Bhagwan (PW10) is the officer concerned with whom SI Gurmeet   Singh   shared   the   secret   information.   He   deposed   that   on 20.09.12, SI Gurmeet Singh produced the secret informer before him and   after   his   satisfaction,   he   telephonically   informed   ACP   Bir   Singh about   the   secret   information   who   directed   to   take   necessary   action whereupon he directed SI Gurmeet Singh to conduct a raid and take necessary   action.   In   regard   to   secret   information,   SI   Gurmeet   Singh lodged DD No.28 (ExPW 6/A) and produced the same before him in compliance of section 42 NDPS Act. He forwarded the said DD to the ACP. On the same day both the IOs submitted their reports regarding seizure   and   arrest   of   the   accused.   He   put   his   endorsement   and forwarded the reports Ex.PW10/A and PW8/B  to the ACP. 

(3.10) HC Rupesh Kumar (PW­11) is also the member of raiding team and he also deposed on the same lines of Para no.1.  

4. After   completion   of   the   prosecution   evidence,   the   statement   of   the accused was recorded under section 313 Crl.P.C. to explain the above detailed incriminating circumstances existing against the accused. The accused   pleaded   innocence   and   claimed   false   implication.   Accused FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             8 of 35 stated that nothing has been recovered from his possession or from his car. Accused opted not to lead any defence evidence.

5. I have heard Mr. Maqsood Ahmed, Ld. Addl. Public Prosecutor as well as Sh. K.K. Sharma, Ld. LAC and perused the record. During the course of   arguments,   Ld.   Addl.   Public   Prosecutor   submitted   that   the prosecution has been able to prove its case against the accused beyond reasonable doubt through the testimonies of the prosecution witnesses, thus, he prayed that accused may be convicted for the offences charged with. He further submitted that the raiding team members as well the second   IO   i.e.   PW­3,   PW­6,   PW­7,   PW­8   and   PW­11   have   fully supported the prosecution case in regard to the recovery of contraband and arrest of accused. He further submitted that necessary compliance of sec 42, 50, 55 and 57 of NDPS Act were properly made and same has been proved with the evidence of prosecution witnesses. Thus, he submitted that accused may be convicted for the offences he is charged with. 

6. While Ld. LAC submitted that prosecution has failed to prove its case against the accused beyond reasonable doubt. He made the following submission and contended that prosecution case is doubtful:­

(a) that no public witness has been joined during entire investigation despite availability and the entire case rests solely on the testimony of police officials and there are several material contradictions in their testimony;

(b) that no call record is produced to prove that ACP was informed about the secret information;

(c) that no written permission of ACP is on record to conduct the raid;

FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             9 of 35

(d) that writing work was done in the street light but no street light has been shown in the site plan;

(e) that   none   of   the   witnesses   stated   that   how   many   times   the contraband was weighed;

(f) that PW­7 could not tell during his cross as to from which bag the sample was taken;

(g) that PW­6 SI Gurmeet Singh did not make any entry in record that he is going to conduct raid by his private car;

(h) that PW­6 did not tell when and from where he purchased the IO kit and he did not place on record the proof of its purchase;

(i) that   accuracy   certificate   of   the   weighing   scale   was   brought   on record;

(j) that PW­11 stated that he did not sign any document on spot and he was not aware as to what did IO bag contained. He was also not aware of the colour and size of the bag;

(k) that 9 toll tax receipts are filed on record as the  accused was lifted from Agra, U.P.;

(l) that statement of PW­9 was recorded only once i.e. 29.9.12 while he stated that he got sent the samples to FSL on 4.10.12, however, in this regard no statement of this witness has been recorded;

(m) that the alleged recovery was effected on 29.12.2012, however, samples were sent to FSL on 4.10.12 with the delay of 6 days from the alleged recovery.

7. Ld. LAC pointed the following contradictions:­

(a) PW­7 stated that IO had taken the IO kit from the malkhana but PW­6 SI Gurmeet Singh stated that IO kit was already with him as the same was him personal kit; 

FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             10 of 35

(b) PW­6   stated   that   disclosure   statement   of   the   accused   was recorded at about 8­8.30 am while other witnesses told that raiding team left the spot at 8­8.30 am; 

(c) PW­6 told that he sent the compliance report u/s 57 NDPS Act on 29.09.12  at about 1 pm while PW­8 said that it was sent at about 11 am; 

(d) Some   witnesses   told   that   from   the   personal   search   of   accused Rs.75/­ were recovered while some said Rs.750/­; 

(e) Information about the arrest of the accused was not given to his family but some witnesses said this information was given to his wife while some said to his friend;

8. Before   making   discussions   on   the   different   aspects   of   the   case,   the different   documents   which   have   been   brought   on   record   by   the prosecution   witnesses,   are   required   to   be   noted.   The   prosecution brought on record the following documents through the testimony of its witnesses:­  i. Copy of FIR Ex.PW1/A  ii. Endorsemt Ex.PW1/B made on rukka.

iii. DD No.28 Ex.PW2/A  iv. Copy entry Ex.PW2/B regarding receipt of DD No.28 in the office of PW2.

v. Special   Reports   u/   57   NDPS   Act,   one   prepared   by   SI   Gurmeet Singh and another by SI Sanjeev Kumar Ex.PW2/C and Ex.PW2/D. vi. Copies   of   entires   Ex.PW2/E   and   Ex.PW2/F   regarding   receipt   of notice u/s 57 NDPS Act in the offence of PW2.

vii. Carbon copy of notice u/s 50 NDPS Act Ex.PW3/A.  viii.Reply of accused to the said notice Ex.PW3/B. ix. No recovery memo prepared by IO Ex.PW3/C. x. Seizure memo of case property and FSL Form Ex.PW3/D. xi. Arrest and personal searc memo Ex.PW3/E and Ex.PW3/F. FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             11 of 35 xii. Seizure memo of vehicle Ex.PW3/G. xiii.Original notice u/s 50 NDPS Act Ex.PW3/I recovered from personal search of accused.

xiv.Nine slilps of tall tax Ex.PW3/J recovered from personal search  of accused. 

xv. Copy   of   relevant   entry   of   register   no.19   Ex.PW4/A   regarding deposit of four cloth pullandas (Mark 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B), two plastic bags (Mark 1 and 2), one FSL form, one carbon copy of sieuzre memo. 

xvi. Copy   of   relevangt   entry   of   register   no.19   Ex.PW4/B   regarding deposit of personal search articles consisting of original notice u/s 50 NDPS Act in the Malkhana.

xvii.Copy   of   RC   register   Ex.PW4/C   regarding   sending   of   sample pullanda to FSL through Ct. Jagat Singh.

xviii.Acknowledgement receipt Ex.PW4/D regarding deposit of  sample pullanda with FSL.

xix. Rukka as Ex.PW6/C. xx. Site plan as Ex.PW8/A.  xxi. FSL Result as Ex.PW8/C

9. During the course of evidence, the prosecution witnesses brought on record the following case property:­ i. plastic pouch containing seeds type substance as Ex.P1 and P3.

ii. Cloths used for making parcels as Ex.P2 and Ex.P4.

iii. Sample pullanda drawn for sample purpose Ex.P5 and P6.

iv. Plastic  bag  containing   the   substance  (sl.  no.1) Ex.P7  recoverred from the back seat of the vehicle of accused.

v. Another   plastic   bag   containing   the   substance   (sl.   no.2)   Ex.P8 recovered from the dickey of vehicle of the accused.  vi. Photographs of the Eon Car No. BR­31­J4254 Ex.P8/1 to Ex.P8/2 (identity of the car was not disputed by Ld. Defence counsel during prosecution evidence) FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             12 of 35 DISCUSSION ON THE POINT OF COMPLIANCE OF SEC 42 NDPS ACT:­

10. As per settled provision of section 42, the concerned police officer is required   to   inform   his   immediate   senior   officer   about   the   secret information within 72 hours of its receipt. In regard to the compliance of sec 42 NDPS Act, prosecution has examined four witnesses i.e. PW­6 SI  Gurmeet   Singh   (the   1st   IO),   PW­3   HC   Upender,   PW­10   Insp.   Jai Bhagwan and PW­2 HC Sandeep Kumar. In this regard PW­6 deposed that   on   28.09.2012,   at   about   10.15   pm   PW­3   came   to   the   office   of AATS, Malviya Nagar alongwith the secret informer who passed on the secret   information   about   movement   of   the   accused   to   him   and thereafter, he produced the secret informer before PW­10 who informed about the same to the ACP concerned and ACP concerned gave his approval over telephone to proceed further. He deposed that in regard to the secret information, he made a DD entry i.e. DD No.28(Ex­PW­ 2/A) and gave a copy of this DD entry to PW­10.   PW­6 brought on record the carbon copy of said DD as Ex­6/A. PW­3 who had brought the secret informer has very well supported the case of the prosecution in   this   regard.   The   testimony   of   PW­6   has   been   duly   supported   and corroborated by PW­10 who deposed that on 28.09.12, at about 10.15 pm,   PW­6   had   produced   the   secret   informer   in   his   office   and   after satisfying with the secret information, he then informed about the same to the ACP Bir Singh who directed him to take necessary action. He deposed   that   in   this   regard   the   PW­6   lodged   the   DD   no.28   and produced the same to him in compliance of section 42 NPDS Act. PW10 was also given DD no.28 which he after his endorsement forwarded to FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             13 of 35 the   ACP   concerned.   In   order   to   prove   that   the   said   information   was passed onto the ACP concerned within 72 hours, prosecution examined PW­2 who brought on record the relevant record to fortify the claim of the prosecution that the information about the secret information was sent to the ACP within the prescribed time. This witness deposed that on   29.09.12   the   DD   no.28   which   was   duly   forwarded   by   Insp.   Jai Bhagwan was received in  their office and same was entered in their record at entry no.1139 copy of which was brought on record as Ex.PW­ 2/B. Thus, it is clear from these discussions that the secret information about the movement of accused was received by the office of AATS on 28.09.12,  at about 10.15 pm and zist of the same was mentioned in the DD Ex­PW­2/A. It is further clear that PW­6 handed over this DD  to his senior officer i.e. PW­10 who after putting his endorsement forwarded the same to the ACP concerned which was acknowledged in the office of ACP on 29.09.12 vide entry no.1139 copy of which is also brought on record as Ex­PW­2/B. Thus, keeping in view of these discussions it is held that compliance of sec 42 NDPS Act has been properly made. 

DISCUSSION ON THE POINT OF RECOVERY OF CONTRABAND:­

11. As   per   prosecution   case,   on   28.09.12,   a   secret   information   was received by SI PW­6 Gurmeet Singh  after which PW­6 with permission of his superiors constituted a raiding team comprising of himself, HC Upender, HC Azad, HC Dilbag and Ct. Rupesh.  PW­6 as well as other members of his team have spelled out in detail the manner in which the accused   was   apprehended   and   recovery   of   contraband   was   effected from his car. All the recovery witnesses (PW­3, PW7 & PW­11) have FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             14 of 35 very well supported the version of each other and deposed more or less on same lines in regard to the recovery. PW­6 who is the first IO and incharge   of   the   raiding   team   deposed   that   the   entire   raiding   team alongwith   the   secret   informer   left   the   office   at   about   10.40   pm   after making their departure entry i.e. DD no.29 Ex PW­6/B.   PW­6 stated that that he alongwith HC Upender, HC Dilbag and HC Azad were in his Swift   Dezire   Car   while   Ct   Rupesh   and   secret   informer   were   on   a motorcycle   and   while   leaving   he   took   his   IO   Kit,   NDPS   Kit   and   his weighing machine with him. He further deposed that he reached near Akshardham   Flyover   at   about   11.15pm   and   there   he   requested   6­7 passers   by   to   join   investigation   but   none   agreed   then   he   deputed Ct.Rupesh and secret informer 40­50 meters towards Yamuna and he took position near Akshardham Flyover. At about 11.55 pm, Ct. Rupesh gave   him   signal   by   blinking   the   light   of   his   motorcycle   indicating   the arrival of the target. IO found coming a car (Maroon colour EON car) from Sarai Kale Khan side and going towards Ghaziabad which he got forcefully stopped. Accused came out of the car and started running and he was apprehended by HC Upender and thereafter he was served with the notice u/s 50 NDPS Act but accused refused to have his search conducted   in   the   presence   of   a   Gazetted   officer.   Two   white   colour plastic bags,   one from the rear seat of the car containing 27.450 Kg Ganja and another one from dickey of the car containing 27 Kg Ganja were   recovered.   Out   of   five   raiding   team   members   prosecution examined four police officials including the first IO and vide order dt. 31.01.2015 the HC Azad was dropped on the request of Ld.Addl PP as other witnesses on the similar facts were available.  FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             15 of 35

12. All the raiding team members have properly spelled out all the material facts  ie  pertaining  to  the  time   of  departure   of  raiding  team  members from   their   office,   the   vehicles   in   which   they   left,   the   time   when   they reached at the spot, what articles they carried with them,   where they took   their   positions,   the   manner   in   which   they   apprehended   the accused, number of   bags recovered from the car of the accused and how much contraband each bag was containing, the colour of the bags, how  much contraband  was taken  out  from  each  bag  for sample and number   of   sample   prepared   by   the   IO.   They   have   deposed   on   the similar lines and very well supported the version of each other which leaves no doubt about the veracity of the prosecution case as spelled out in chargesheet and proved through the testimony of the recovery witnesses.   The   contradictions   pointed   out   by   Ld.   LAC   are   minor contradictions and are insignificant and do not affect the merit of the case. The witnesses normally come to depose after long gap of time of the   joining   investigation,   thus,   it   is   quite   natural   that   some   minor contradictions would surface but these minor contradictions are liable to be ignored till the time they don't touch the core of the case. In the case of  State of Rajasthan Vs. Kalki, AIR 1981 SC 1390  their Lordships have   observed   that   'in   the   deposition   of   witnesses   there   are   always normal discrepancies, however honest and truthful they may be. It was further observed that  these discrepancies are due to normal errors of observations, normal errors of memory, due to lapse of time and due to mental disposition such as shock and horror at the time of occurence and   the   like.  Dealing   with   the   aspect   of   minor   discrepancies, FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             16 of 35 contradictions,   the   Hon'ble   Supreme   Court   of   India   in   the   matter   of Jugendra   Singh   vs   State   of   U.P.,   reported   in   II   (2012)   CCR   431 (SC)=IV (2012) SLT 244=II (2012) DLT (Crl.) 794 (SC)= AIR 2012 SC 2254, held as under:­ "The Court while appreciating the evidence must not attach undue importance to minor discrepancies. The discrepancies which do not shake the basic version of the prosecution case may be discarded. The discrepancies which are due to normal efforts of perception or observation should not be given importance. The errors due to lapse of memory may be given due allowance. The Court by calling into aid its vast experience of men and matters in different cases must evaluate the entire material on record by excluding the exaggerated version given by any witness. When a doubt arises in respect of certain facts alleged by such witness, the proper course is to ignore that fact only unless it goes into the root of the matter so as to demolish the entire prosecution story. The witnesses nowadays go on adding embellishments to their version perhaps for the fear of their testimony being rejected by the Court. The Courts, however, should not disbelieve the evidence of such witnesses altogether if they are otherwise trustworthy."

13. The accused has claimed that he was lifted from Arga, U.P. and the contraband  shown  to have been  recovered from  his car was  planted upon him. As per record the accused is permanent resident of Bihar and he has not proved on record that on the date and time of recovery of contraband   he   was   stationed   at   Agra,   UP.   He   has   not   explained purpose of his visit to Agra and the place where he was present in Agra. Thus, in the absence of any supporting evidence, the said defence of the accused cannot be trusted and consequently, it is to be held that he took this defence for the sake of the defence and there is no substance in it. 

14. The accused has claimed that contraband was planted upon him after he  was  was lifted   from  Agra.   His  this  defence  is not  reliable  for  two FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             17 of 35 reasons, firstly he has failed to prove his presence at Agra at the time of alleged recovery, and secondly, he simply claimed false implication and foisting of contraband upon him, however, he has not mentioned any reason   whatsoever,   for   his   false   implication.   Accused   has   neither claimed   animosity   nor   acquaintance   with   the   police   officials;   hence, there is no chance or reason for his false implication.  Furthermore, till date he has not raised any protest against his alleged false implication which shows that he has taken this plea for the sake of plea and there is no   substance   in   it.   In   view   of   these   discussions   it   is   held   that prosecution has successfully proved the recovery of contraband from the possession of the accused. 

CONSCIOUS POSSESSION:­

15. The recovery of the said two bags of contraband was effected from the rear seat of the car as well as from the dickey of the car of the accused. Thus,   it   also   to   be   seen   whether   the   accused   was   in   conscious possession of the contraband.  It is clear from the aforesaid discussions that recovery of contraband from the car which was being driven by the accused has been proved. It is admitted position of fact that the car from which the recovery took place is registered in the name of the accused. It is clear from the testimony of the recovery witnesses that accused attempted   to   flee   from   the   spot,   however     he   was  apprehended   and subsequently the aforementioned recovery was effected from his car. All these facts are the clear indications of the culpable mind of the accused that   he   was   well   aware   that   he   had   contraband   in   his  car.   It   is  well settled law that once the possession is established then it has to be FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             18 of 35 assumed that accused was in conscious possession unless he proves it otherwise. In this regard this court is supported by the case law reported as   Madan Lal v. State of H.P., 2003(4) R.C.R.(Criminal) 100 :

(2003) 7 SCC 465. The relevant para reads as follows :-
"26. Once possession is established, the person who claims that it was not a conscious possession has to establish it, because how he came to be in possession is within his special knowledge. Section 35 of the Act gives a statutory recognition of this position because of the presumption available in law. Similar is the position in terms of Section 54 where also presumption is available to be drawn from possession of illicit articles.
27. In the factual scenario of the present case, not only possession but conscious possession has been established. It has not been shown by the accused-appellants that the possession was not conscious in the logical background of Sec. 35 and 54 of the Act."

16. Thus, in view of settled law once the possession is proved then it has to be   presumed   that   accused   was   in   conscious   possession   of   the contraband unless he rebuts the same. In the instant case, accused has not put forth any defence or rebuttal rather he has completely disowned the recovery. Thus, in view of the facts discussed above as well as in the absence of any evidence in rebuttal, it is assumed that accused had conscious   possession   of   the   contraband   recovered   from   his   car. COMPLIANCE OF SECTION  50 OF NDPS ACT:­

17. The legal position in respect to the  section 50 NDPS Act has been laid down by Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case titled as State Vs Baldev Singh   reported   as  1999   AIR   (SC)   2378  that   the   compliance   of   the provisions of section 50 NDPS Act is mandatory. It is also held in this case   that   the   compliance   of   this   provision   is   not   necessary   where recovery was effected without prior information and where it was the FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             19 of 35 case of a chance recovery. The relevant para of this judgment reads as under:­ 

11. On its plain reading, Section 50 would come into play only in the case of a search of a person as distinguished from search of any premises etc. However, if the empowered officer, without any prior information as contemplated by Section 42 of the Act makes a search or causes arrest of person during the normal course of investigation into an offence or suspected offence and on completion of that search, a contraband under the Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances Act is also recovered, the requirements of Section 50 of the Act are not attracted.

18. In the case titled as State of Punjab Vs Balbir Singh and reported as 1994(3)   SCC   299  same   view   has   been   taken   by   Hon'ble   Supreme Court. The relevant para reads as under:­ 

27.The questions considered above arise frequently before the trial courts. Therefore we find it necessary to set out our conclusions which are as follows :

1) If a police officer without any prior information as contemplated under the provisions of the Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances Act makes a search or arrests a person in the normal course of investigation into an offence or suspected offence as provided under the provisions of Cr P.C. and when such search is completed at that stage Section 50 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act would not be attracted and the question of complying with the requirements thereunder would not arise. If during such search or arrest there is a chance recovery of any narcotic drug or Psychotropic substance then the police officer, who is not empowered, should inform the empowered officer who should thereafter proceed in accordance with the provisions of the Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances Act. If he happens to be an empowered officer also, then from that stage onwards. he should carry out the investigation in accordance with the other provisions of the Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances Act.

19. It is held in the case of Madan Lal Vs State of Himachal Pradesh reported   as  2003(7)   SCC   465  that   the   compliance   of   section   50   of NDPS Act is required only when personal search of the accused is to be FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             20 of 35 conducted,   however,  the   provisions   of   this  section   is  not   attracted   in case the vehicle of the accused is to be searched.  The relevant para reads as under:­ 

17. A bare reading of Section 50 shows that it only applies in case of personal search of a person. It does not extend to search of a vehicle or a container or a bag, or premises. (See Kalema Tumba v. State of Maharashtra and Anr., (JT 1999(8) SC 293) : 1999(4) RCR(Cr.) 575 (SC), The State of Punjab v. Baldev Singh (JT 1999(4) SC 595) :

1999(3) RCR(Cr.) 533 (SC), Gurbax Singh v. State of Haryana, (2001(3) SCC 28) : 2001(1) RCR(Crl.) 702 (SC). The language of Section 50 is implicitly clear that the search has to be in relation to a person as contrasted to search of premises, vehicles or articles. This position was settled beyond doubt by the Constitution Bench in Baldev Singh's case (supra). Above being the position, the contention regarding non-

compliance of Section 50 of the Act is also without any substance.

20. It is clear from the evidence of PW­3, PW­6, PW­7 & PW­11 that in the instant the case, the recovery of ganja was effected from the car of the accused. Thus, in the instant case the compliance of section 50 NDPS Act was not required to be made as the recovery was not effected from the personal search of the accused and it was recovered from his car. 

21. However,   as   per   prosecution   case,   after   apprehension   of   the accused, he was served with the mandatory notice and only thereafter, his search as well as the search of his vehicle was carried out. Thus, it is to be seen whether compliance of sec 50 was properly made before his search was carried out. PW­3 is the member of raiding team and in this regard he deposed that after apprehension of the accused, the IO (PW­6) made inquiries from the accused and upon inquiry he revealed his name as Shambhu Sahni. IO prepared notice under section 50 of NDPS   Act   (Ex­PW­3/I)   and   served   the   accused   with   this   notice alongwith carbon copy. He was told that they had information that he FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             21 of 35 was having the contraband in his vehicle and thus, he and his vehicle are required to be searched. PW­3 also deposed that accused was told that if he wants,  he can take search of the members of the raiding team and   their   vehicle   and   he   was   also   told   that   his   search   can   also   be conducted in the presence of a Magistrate or a Gazetted Officer but he refused and gave his written reply which is mentioned on the carbon copy of notice (Ex­PW­3/A) at the point mentioned at point Ex­PW­3/B. Once   the   accused   denied   to   exercise   the   options   given   to   him,   the raiding   carried   out   the   search   of   the   accused   and   the   search   of   his vehicle and from the search of the accused nothing was recovered and in  this regard  IO  prepared the  no recovery memo which this witness brought on record as Ex­PW­3/C. It is further clear from the testimony of this very witness that after arrest personal search of the accused was carried out vide personal search memo Ex­PW­3/F and original notice served   upon   the   accused   was   recovered   from   his   personal   search. During his statement u/s 313 Cr.P.C., the accused was asked if it is correct that original notice u/s 50 of NDPS Act Ex­PW­3/I was recovered from his personal search and accused did not dispute this fact which also fortifies the claim of the prosecution that accused was served the notice   before   his   search.   The   testimony   of   PW­3   has   been   duly corroborated by the IO/PW­6 (who served the said notice), PW­7 and PW­11,   the   other   raiding   team   members.   No   material   contradiction came to the light during the cross examination of these witnesses on this   aspect   as   well.   Ld.   LAC   submitted   that   there   is   no   proper compliance of section 50 of NDPS Act as accused was not explained the meaning of Magistrate and Gazetted Officer and in the absence of FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             22 of 35 proper   compliance,   the   process   of   serving   the   notice   stood   vitiated; hence accused is entitled to be acquitted for this defect alone. This court doesn't find any substance in this contention of the ld. LAC as it is clear from the reply of the accused Ex­PW­3/C that he stated in his own hand writing that he was served with the notice and also explained contents of the   same   as   well   as   the   meaning   of   the   Magistrate   and   Gazetted Officer.   The   IO   was   also   cross   examined   on   this   aspect   who  clearly stated that he had explained the meaning of a Magistrate and Gazetted Officer to the accused. Thus, under these circumstances it cannot be assumed   that   accused   was   not   explained   the   meaning   of   the   said authorities. Further, it is also clear from the cross examination of PW­11 that testimony of this witness on the point of service of the notice and the manner in which accused was served with this notice with the fact that he was also explained the meaning of these authorities, remained unrebutted.     In   view   of   these   discussions   it   held   that   accused   was properly served with the notice under section 50 of NDPS Act. 

PROCEEDINGS REGARDING DRAWING OF SAMPLE, SEIZURE OF CONTRABAND AND COMLIANCE OF SECTION 55 NDPS ACT:­

22. PW­6 SI Gurmeet Singh is the first IO of the case who got the recovery effected from the car of the accused. He deposed that the plastic bag recovered from the rear seat contained 27.450 Kg ganja and the other bag recovered from the dickey was having 27 Kg ganja. These bags were given serial number 1 & 2. PW­6 drew two samples of 500g each from both the bags and kept them in separate transparent polythenes and   these   samples   were   given  Mark  1A  &  1B  and  Mark  2A  and  2B respectively. After that IO/PW6 converted them in six cloth pullandas FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             23 of 35 and he sealed all these pullandas with the seal of GSK. He also filled up the   FSL  form.  Thereafter,  he   seized   all   these   pullandas  vide   seizure memo Ex­PW­3/D  and  handed over the seal  to  HC  Upender. All the recovery witnesses have deposed on the similar lines of the deposition of PW­6 and very well supported his version regarding the sealing and seizure of the contraband especially PW­3 and PW­7 who are witnesses to the seizure of contraband and its samples.

23. PW­6   deposed   that   after   seizure   of   contraband   and   its   samples,   he through PW­11 Ct. Rupesh sent the said case property to SHO (PW­9) who   confirmed   the   same.   PW­9   Insp.   Palvinder   Kumar   also corroborated the version of PW­6 and PW­11. He stated that at about 4.20 am Ct. Rupesh came to his office and handed over to him the six pullandas Mark 1, 2, 1A, 1B, 2A & 2B which were sealed with the seal of GSK.   He   thereafter   put   his   seal   of   PSC   on   all   these   pullandas   and deposited these pullandas, carbon copy of seizure memo and  FSL form with   MHCM   (PW­4)   who   made   relevant   entry   in   the   Register   No.19 which was signed by him. In this regard PW­9 also made an entry (DD no.4)   in   the   Roznamcha.   The   entry   in   the   Register   no.19   has   been brought on record as Ex­PW­4/A. 

24. Thus, it is clear that after recovery the sampling was done on the spot and proper procedure regarding sampling was followed and IO did not retain the seal with him and after sealing the pullandas, he handed over the seal to PW­3 HC Upender who also confirmed the same. It is further clear that immediately after seizure, the pullandas of the contraband, samples and FSL form were sent to SHO who also put his seal and FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             24 of 35 immediately   deposited   the   case   property   in   the   Malkhana.   Thus, sampling   was   done   properly   and   proper   compliance   of   Section   55 NDPS Act has been done. 

COMPLIANCE OF SECTION 57 OF NDPS ACT:­ 

25. In order to prove that the information regarding arrest and seizure was made to the ACP concerned within the prescribed time, the prosecution examined   PW­2   HC   Sandeep   Kumar,   an   official   from   the   concerned AATS Crime Branch. This witness has brought on record two reports u/s 57   NDPS   Act,   one   submitted   by   SI   Gurmeet   Singh   regarding   the apprehension and seizure of contraband (Ex­PW­2/C) and another one submitted   by   SI   Sanjeev   Kumar   (Ex­PW­2/D).   This   witness   deposed that   on   29.09.2012   was   posted   in   the   office   of   ACP,   AATS   Crime Branch and on that day two reports u/s 57 NDPS Act, one sent by SI Gurmeet   Singh   and   another   one   sent   by   SI   Sanjeev   Kumar   were received and were entered in their records at entry numbers i.e. 1140 and 1141 and these reports bear the signature of the ACP concerned at Point A.  PW­2 has placed on record the copy of the relevant entries as Ex.PW­2/E and PW­2/F. 

26. During the course of arguments Ld. LAC submitted that the prosecution case   is   highly   doubtful   as   no   public   witness   has   been   joined   during investigation. In the present case no public witness has been joined to the   investigation,   however   it   is   clear   from   the   testimony   of   the prosecution witnesses that the the PW­6/IO made efforts to join public witnesses, however, none agreed. Thus, once, it has come on record that public witness could not be joined despite efforts were made then FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             25 of 35 non joining of independent witness is not fatal to the prosecution case. In this regard this court is supported by the case law i.e. Ajmer Singh Vs State of Haryana reported as 2010 (2) SCR 785. The relevant para reads as under:­   It is true that a charge under the Act is serious and carries onerous consequences. The minimum sentence prescribed under the Act is imprisonment of 10 years and fine. In this situation, it is normally expected that there should be independent evidence to support the case of the prosecution. However, it is not an inviolable rule. Therefore, in the peculiar circumstances of this case, we are satisfied that it would be travesty of justice, if the appellant is acquitted merely because no independent witness has been produced. We cannot forget that it may not be possible to find independent witness at all places, at all times. The obligation to take public witnesses is not absolute. If after making efforts which the court considered in the circumstances of the case reasonable, the police officer is not able to get public witnesses to associate with the raid or arrest of the culprit, the arrest and the recovery made would not be necessarily vitiated. The court will have to appreciate the relevant evidence and will have to determine whether the evidence of the police officer was believable after taking due care and caution in evaluating their evidence.

27. It   is   well   settled   law   that   the   evidence   of   police   official   cannot   be doubted unless previous enmity between the accused the police officials is shown.  In Sunil Tomar Vs. State of Punjab, Criminal Appeal no. 1690­1691 of 2012 decided on 19.10.12, it was held :­  'In a case of this nature, it is better if prosecution examines atleast one independent witness to corroborate its case. However, in the absence of any animosity between the accused and official witnesses, there is nothing wrong in relying upon their testimonies and accepting the documents placed for basing conviction. After taking into account the entire material relied upon by the prosecution, there is no animosity established on the part of the official witnesses by the accused in defence and we also did not find any infirmity in the prosecution case.

28. Furthermore, the police officials are considered to be equally competent and   reliable   witnesses   and   their   testimony   can   be   relied   upon   even FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             26 of 35 without corroboration by an independent witness if same is cogent and reliable. In Rohtas Vs. State of Haryana,  JT 2013(8) SC 181, Hon'ble Supreme Court  held that :­  'Where all the witnesses are from police department, their depositions must be subject to strict scrutiny. However, the evidence of police officials cannot be discarded merely on the ground that they belong to the police force and either interested in investigating or the prosecuting agency'.

29. Further, it is also not uncommon that these days people are generally reluctant to become part of investigation. In this regard the Hon'ble High Court in the case of   Bheru Lal Vs State while observing that recovery cannot be doubted for the reason of non joining of public witness held as under:­ 

19.Dealing with a similar contention in 'Ram Swaroop v. State (Govt. NCT) of Delhi', 2013(7) SCALE 407, where the alleged seizure took place at a crowded place yet no independent witness could be associated with the seizure, the Apex Court inter alia observed as under:

"7. ....We may note here with profit there is no absolute rule that police officers cannot be cited as witnesses and their depositions should be treated with suspect. In this context we may refer with profit to the dictum in State of U.P. v. Anil Singh, 1988 Supp SCC 686, wherein this Court took note of the fact that generally the public at large are reluctant to come forward to depose before the court and, therefore, the prosecution case cannot be doubted for non-examining the independent witnesses."

30. Thus, in view of the settled legal position the testimony of the police officials   examined   in   the   instant   case   cannot   be   seen   with   suspicion merely for the reason of non joining of independent witness as firstly it is clear   that   sufficient   efforts   were   made   by   the   PW­6/   First   IO   to   join investigation and it is further clear from the cross examination of PW­ 8/second IO that he explained that he could not join any public witness FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             27 of 35 as at that point of time none was available on the spot and residential area was far off from the spot. Furthermore, the testimonies of the police officials   do   not   suffer   from   any   material   contradiction.   Moreover,   no animosity between the accused and the police officials has been pointed out   therefore,   even   otherwise   there   is   no   reason   to   disbelieve   the testimony of police officials. 

31. Ld.   LAC   also   submitted   that   there   is   substantial   delay   of   6   days   in sending the sample to the FSL, thus, possibility of tampering of sample cannot be rules out. Thus, he submitted that prosecution case becomes doubtful on this ground also. As far as the delay in sending the sample to   FSL   is   concerned,   it   is   well   settled   law   that   delay   in   sending   the sample is not fatal unless it is shown that the sample was tampered with. In the case of Ajmer Singh Vs. State of Haryana 2010 (2) SCR 785, the Hon'ble Supreme Court ignored the delay of 15 days and held that the statements of witnesses and the report of FSL shows sample was   received   in   a   sealed   cover   and   there   was   no   tampering   of   the sample. In the cases of Ramesh Kumar Rajput @ Khan Vs. State of NCT of Delhi MANU/DE/0786/08 and Bilal Ahmad Vs. State 2011 III AD (Crl.) (DHC) 293, the delay of 13 days and 59 days respectively was ignored as the seals on the sample were found intact till the time sample was received by the FSL.

32. In the instant case also it is clear from the prosecution evidence that after recovery of contraband, the pullandas of samples Mark 1A, 1B, 2A & 2B were sealed by the PW­6/IO with seal of GSK and after sealing, the sample pullandas alongwith pullandas of case propery were sent to FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             28 of 35 the PW­9/SHO who also put his seal of PSC over the sample pullandas and he immediately deposited them with other case property with the malkhana   mohrar.   It   is   clear   from   the   testimony   of   PW­6   that   on 29.09.12, at about 3.15 am, Ct. Rupesh was sent to the PS with sealed samples who, at about 4 am, handed over the same to the PW­9, the SHO concerned which is clear from the testimony of PW­9 and PW­11 Ct.Rupesh. It is further clear that thereafter PW­9 put his own seal on the samples and after that he deposited the same with the PW­4/MHCM at about 4.45 am. It is further clear from the FSL report Ex PW­8/C that both   the   samples   were   received   by   the   FSL   with   the   abovesaid   two seals which were found to be intact. Thus, it is clear that immediately after sealing the sample, without wasting any time the sample pullandas were deposited in the malkhana and thus, there was no possibility of any one tampering with the samples and furthermore, the samples were received by the FSL with the same seals in intact conditions. Thus, the delay in sending samples is not fatal to the prosecution case as seals throughout remained intact. 

33. The   FSL   report   Ex­PW­11/D  has   confirmed   that   the   recovered substance was ganja (cannabis). 

34. The statement of the accused was recorded under section 313 Cr.P.C. to   explain   the   above   detailed   incriminating   circumstances   existing against him. The accused claimed false implication; however, he has not mentioned any reason whatsoever, for his false implication. Accused has neither claimed animosity nor acquaintance with the police officials; hence,   there   is   no   chance   or   reason   for   his   false   implication.

FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             29 of 35 Furthermore, till date he has not raised any protest against his alleged false implication which shows that he has taken this plea for the sake of plea and there is no substance in it. 

35. Besides,   the   afore   discussed   submissions,   Ld.   LAC   submitted   that prosecution case is highly doubtful for the following reasons also:­

(i) that no call record is produced to prove that ACP was informed about the secret information;

(ii) that no written permission of ACP is on record to conduct the raid;

(iii) that writing work was done in the street light but no street light has been shown in the site plan;

(iv) that   none   of   the   witnesses   stated   that   how   many   times   the contraband was weighed;

(v) that PW­7 could not tell during his cross as to from which bag the sample was taken;

(vi) that PW­6 SI Gurmeet Singh did not make any entry in record that he is going to conduct raid by his private car;

(vii) that PW­6 did not tell when and from where he purchased the IO kit and he did not place on record the proof of its purchase;

(viii) that accuracy certificate of the weighing scale was not brought on record;

(ix) that PW­11 stated that he did not sign any document on spot and he was not aware as to what did IO bag contained. He was also not aware of the colour and size of the bag;

(x) that 9 toll tax receipts are filed on record as the  accused was lifted from Agra, U.P.;

FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             30 of 35

(xi) that statement of PW­9 was recorded only once i.e. 29.9.12 while   he   stated   that   he   got   the   samples   sent   to   FSL   on 4.10.12, however, in this regard no statement of this witness has been recorded;

36. Ld. LAC pointed the following contradictions:­

(i) PW­7 stated that IO had taken the IO kit from the malkhana but PW­6 SI Gurmeet Singh stated that IO kit was already with him as the same was him personal kit; 

(ii) PW­6   stated   that   disclosure   statement   of   the   accused   was recorded   at   about   8­8.30   am   while   other   witnesses   told   that raiding team left the spot at 8­8.30 am; 

(iii) PW­6 told that he sent the compliance report u/s 57 NDPS Act on 29.09.12  at about 1 pm while PW­8 said that it was sent at about 11 am; 

(iv) Some witnesses told that from the personal search of accused Rs.75/­ were recovered while some said Rs.750/­; 

(v) Information about the arrest of the accused was not given to his family but some witnesses said this information was given to his wife while some said to his friend. 

37. The contradictions and flaws pointed by Ld. LAC are wholly insignificant and immaterial and don't touch the core of the case at all. There is no legal requirement to obtain the CDR record of calls made to the ACP regarding secret information  and place it on record and also there is no such requirement to have the order of ACP in writing before proceeding to conduct a raid and what is required as per section 42 NDPS Act is that   the   officer   concerned   is   to   communicate   about   the   secret information, received in regard to contraband and the accused, to his superior officer within 72 hours of the receipt of such information, which has been properly done in this case by the officers concerned and same FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             31 of 35 has been proved on record vide Ex.PW­2/A. It is further submitted that PW­11 is one of the raiding team members but it is clear from his cross examination   that   he   was   not   part   of   the   same   as   he   showed   his ignorance towards certain facts and none of the documents prepared during investigation bears his signatures. He submits that these facts fortifies the claim of the accused that he has been falsely implicated and contraband   was   planted   upon   him.   It   is   clear   from   the   record   that   a lengthy   cross   examination   of   this   witness   was   conducted   and   this witness withstood the test of this lengthy cross examination and gave all answers firmly. The entire testimony of a witness is to be read to assess his credibility and minor contradictions here and there would not make his testimony doubtful or consequently, the prosecution case doubtful. Some   minor   contradictions   are   bound   to   occur   due   to   time   gap   and witness cannot be expected to remember all the facts with all minute details. So the factum that PW­11 was member of raiding team cannot be doubted merely because he did not remember as to what did IO bag containe   or   what   its   colour   was,   when   PW­11   remained   firm   on   all material aspects of the case during his cross examination. Furthermore it  is   clear   that   there   were   five   members   in  the   raiding   team   and   the documents bears signatures of some of the members. There is no legal requirement   that   the   documents   prepared   during   investigation   to   be signed   by   all   the   raiding/investigation   team   members.   Ld.   LAC   also submitted that first IO PW­6 did not mention in record that he is going to conduct the raid by his private car and he also neither told as to from where he had bought his IO Kit nor place the proof of its purchase on record. Again, these things are immaterial as it is proved on record that FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             32 of 35 a   secret   information   was   received   and   raid   was   conducted   at   the informed place and contraband was sealed and seized there. As far as the   recovery   of   toll   tax   receipts   are   concerned,   these   receipts   don't support   the   case   of   accused   that   he   was   lifted   from   Agra,   UP   and contraband was then planted upon him rather this fact fortifies the case of   prosecution   that   the   accused   had   travelled   from   Bihar   and   was apprehended   while   going   towards   Ghaziabad.   The   prosecution   case also does not become doubtful merely because the witnesses could not tell as to how many times the contraband was weighed and also for the reason that street light under which the IO prepared the documents has not been shown in the site plan when the prosecution has proved the recovery   from   the   testimony   of   number   of   witnesses.   Ld.   LAC   also submitted that IO did not file on record the accuracy certificate to show that weighing scale was in proper working condition. There is no merit in this submission as it is not the case of the accused that the contraband was not weighed properly as weighing scale was not properly functional. It   is   also   not   the   case   of   the   accused   that   the   contraband   which   is recovered from the accused was less and has been shown more due to the   faulty   weighing   scale.   Thus,   under   these   circumstances,   the   non production of accuracy certificate doesn't affect the prosecution case at all.   Ld.   LAC   also   submitted   that   the   prosecution   case   is   also   higly doubtful as no information of the arrest of the accused was given to his family members. He also submitted that some witnesses stated that the information of the arrest was given to his wife while some said that this information was given to his friend. Again this court does not find any substance   in   this   submission   as   it   is   clear   from   the   arrest   memo FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             33 of 35 Ex.PW3/E,  the  information of  his arrest  was given  to Mr.  Sujeet,  the friend of the accused as well as to the wife of the accused. During cross examination of the prosecution witnesses especially PW3 and PW6, the correctness of the particulars as well as mobile numbers of friend and wife of accused mentioned in the arrest memo, have not been disputed. Furthermore, since the information was given to the friend as well as wife  of  the accused, thus, the  version of some  of the witnesses that information was given to his friend and other witnesses that information was given to his wife, cannot be considered to be a contradiction. The other contradictions pointed out by the Ld. LAC are also of trivial nature and doesn't affect the core of the prosecution case. It is also clear from the   testimony   of   the   prosecution   witnesses   that   all   the   material witnesses were subjected to a lengthy cross examination and they very well   withstood   the   test   of   cross   examination   and   no   material contradiction has surfaced in their cross examination.

38. Before concluding, it  is necessary to discuss one of  the charges for which   the   accused   is   being   prosecuted.   Besides   the   charges   of possessing the contraband, the accused is also facing prosecution u/s 25   of   NDPS   Act,   for   using   his   Hyundai   EON   car   in   transporting   the contraband. The provisions of section 25 reads as follows:­ Punishment for allowing premises, etc., to be used for commission of an offence .Whoever, being the owner or occupier or having the control or use of any house, room, enclosure, space, place, animal or conveyance, knowingly permits it to be used for the commission by any other person of an offence punishable under any provision of this Act, shall be punishable with the punishment provided for that offence.

39. It is clear from  the perusal  of the provision of Sec 25  itself  that the FIR No.235/12 State vs Shambhu Kumar Sahni @ Ajay Kumar U/s 20/25 NDPS  PS Crime Branch             34 of 35 owner of a vehicle cannot be prosecuted under this provision for self use of the vehicle however, he can be prosecuted and punished if he permits some other person to use the vehicle for commission of any offence punishable under NDPS Act. In the instant case, the accused is the owner of the EON car which he himself used for transportation of the contraband. Thus, keeping in view of these facts, the accused is liable to be acquitted for the charges u/s 25 NDPS  Act.  Accordingly, he is acquitted of the charges u/s 25 of NDSP Act.

40. As such, keeping in view of the aforesaid discussions, it is held that prosecution   has   established   beyond   reasonable   doubt   that   ganja weighing 54.450 Kg was recovered from the possession of the accused. The   quantity   of   ganja   recovered   from   the   accused   is   a   commercial quantity which falls u/s 20 (b)(ii)(C) NDPS Act. Accordingly, accused is held guilty for the offence punishable under Section 20 (b)(ii)(C) NDPS Act, for possession of the 54.450 Kg ganja. 

Digitally signed by
                                                                         AJAY              AJAY GUPTA
                                                                                           Location: Delhi
                                                                         GUPTA             Date: 2018.04.07
                                                                                           16:08:42 +0530

                                                                          (Ajay Gupta)
                                                                 ASJ­02/Special Judge (NDPS)
                                                                         KKD/East/Delhi
    Announced in open 
    court on 7th April 2018




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