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[Cites 9, Cited by 0]

Bombay High Court

Kailash Kashinathrao Pawar vs State Of Maharashtra Thr Its Desk ... on 26 March, 2024

Author: G.S.Kulkarni

Bench: G. S. Kulkarni

             Digitally signed
             by PRASHANT
   PRASHANT VILAS RANE
   VILAS
   RANE
            Date:
2024:BHC-AS:16081-DB
            2024.04.04
            20:44:09
                                                                                                     5 WP4415-24.DOC
             +0530




    Mohite

                                        IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY

                                                       CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

                                                      WRIT PETITION NO. 4415 OF 2024

                                 Kailash Kashinathrao Pawar
                                 Age 35 years, Occ.Medical officer Group A
                                 Having address at:- Late Indira Gandhi
                                 Memorial Hospital, Bhiwandi, Dist.Thane                      ... Petitioner

                                                       Versus
                                 1. State of Maharashtra
                                    Through its Desk Officer,
                                    Public Health Department,
                                    having office at G.T.Hospital,
                                    Complex building 10th Floor,
                                    New Mantrlaya, Mumbai

                                 2. Chief Administrative Officer
                                    and Deputy Director of Health Services
                                    Mumbai Circle, Thane,
                                    Having office at : Regional Mental Hospital area
                                   Thane West 400 604                                         ...Respondents

                                 Mr.Balasaheb Deshmukh for the Petitioner
                                 Mr.Sachin H. Kankal, A.G.P. for the State
                                                     _______________________
                                                 CORAM:           G. S. KULKARNI &
                                                                  FIRDOSH P. POONIWALLA, JJ.
                                                 DATED:           26th March, 2024
                                                      _______________________
                                 ORAL JUDGEMENT (PER: G.S.KULKARNI, J.) :

                            1.       A short question which arises for consideration in the present

                            proceedings is whether the right of an in-service candidate to pursue a post

                            graduation in medicine, can be taken away by denying a 'no objection', merely

                            for the reason of pendency of a departmental enquiry.


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2.      This Petition, under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, has prayed

for the following substantive relief.

                     "a)        Be pleased to issue writ of certiorari or writ in
                     nature of certiorari, or any other appropriate writs, orders,
                     directions, calling from the record and proceedings of the
                     impugned order dated 30/01/2024 and 09.02.2024, and
                     after going through the legality validity and proprietary of
                     the same, be pleased to quash and set aside order of
                     rejection of No objection certificate / letter dated
                     30/01/2024 and 09.02.2024 issued by the Respondents
                     and further be a pleased to direct the Respondents to issue
                     No objection certificate being in service candidate for PG
                     Course the reasons and circumstances mentioned herein
                     above."

3.      The petitioner is a qualified doctor having an MBBS degree. He is in

the service of the Government of Maharashtra as a Medical Officer, since 12 th

May 2015. He is presently posted at the Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital,

Bhiwandi, District Thane.


4.      The petitioner intends to pursue a Post Graduation Course in Medicine,

as an in-service candidate, for which he is required to apply for the National

Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET P.G.). To pursue the post graduation

course, as an in-service candidate, he is required to obtain a No Objection

Certificate (NOC) from the Deputy Director of Health Services - Respondent

No.2.


5.      It is the petitioner's case that earlier, the petitioner had obtained a NOC

in October 2021 to appear at the NEET P.G. examination. Such NOC was

granted to the petitioner on 23 rd February 2021. The petitioner had duly filled

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up the NEET P.G. 2021 application form. He appeared at the said

examination in which he scored 247 marks. The petitioner had accordingly

become eligible for admission to the P.G. course. However, the petitioner

could not pursue the P.G. course, as the NOC granted to him, was cancelled by

respondent no.2 on the ground that the petitioner was involved in criminal

proceedings lodged by his wife interalia alleging an offence punishable under

Sections 493 and 498A of the Indian Penal Code. Also divorce proceedings

were initiated between the petitioner and his wife, (Petition No.A-106/2021

dated 24th January 2024) which are stated to be disposed of by a decree of

divorce being granted dissolving the marriage.


6.     In the above circumstances, the petitioner, being aggrieved by the

cancellation of the NOC and the consequent inability of the petitioner to

pursue the P.G. course had approached this court in Writ Petition No.4045 of

2022. By an Order dated 7 th April 2022, a co-ordinate Bench of this Court

rejected the said Writ Petition. Being aggrieved by such orders passed by this

Court, the petitioner approached the Supreme Court by filing a Special Leave

Petition, which was rejected by the Supreme Court by an Order dated 13 th May

2022 which interalia recorded that the observations made in the judgment of

this Court should be restricted only for the purpose of deciding the said case

and not otherwise.




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7.    It is the case of the petitioner that, in the earlier proceedings, the

respondents had contended that the pendency of the criminal case as instituted

by the petitioner's wife was not disclosed in the application filed for NOC

and / or for appearing for the NEET P.G. examination. It was hence held that

the recall of the NOC was justified.


8.    To pursue his inherent desire and interest in higher education, the

petitioner again duly filled up the relevant form for obtaining an NOC, in

which he disclosed all the necessary particulars so that he would be granted an

approval to appear for the NEET P.G. which is scheduled to be held in May /

June 2024. However, such application of the petitioner has been rejected by

the impugned communication dated 9th February 2024, on the ground that a

departmental enquiry is pending against the petitioner. The relevant portion

of the impugned communication reads thus:

     (Official Translation of a photocopy of a LETTER, typewritten in Marathi)

                                         EMBLEM
                          GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA
             DEPUTY DIRECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, MUMBAI BOARD, THANE
                    Regional Mental Hospital Complex, Thane(W) 400604.



        Telephone No. 022-25821474/25826514           E-mail : [email protected]

                      Outward No. Estt./Section-2/PG/Dr. Pawar/4616-10/24
                                              Date : 09.02.2024.
        Subject           :- Regarding granting permission for In- Service Post
                             Graduation.

        Reference         :- Government Letter No. Miscellaneous-2024
                             /M.No.69/Service-3 dated 30.01.2024


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               In connection with the above-mentioned subject, by the above-referred
         letter, you have been informed that Government Memorandum dated
         15.06.2022 in respect of the Departmental Enquiry against you, has been
         issued and served upon you and as the departmental enquiry pursuant
         thereto is going on, permission cannot be granted to you as an In-service
         candidate for the post-graduation course, in view of the provisions
         mentioned in Government Resolution dated 19.07.2023.
               Hence, photo copy of the above-referred letter is enclosed herewith for
         your information.
                                                                (sd)
                                                      (Shri Shailesh Patankar)
                                                    Chief Administrative Officer
                                                  Deputy Director, Health Services,
                                                       Mumbai Board, Thane.


9.     For such reason, the petitioner has been informed that the petitioner

cannot be granted permission / NOC to pursue the P.G. course in Medicine as

an in-service candidate. It is such decision of respondent no.2 which is the

subject matter of challenge before us.


10.   The learned counsel for the petitioner, in support of his contention,

would submit that the reasons as stated in the impugned communication are

per se arbitrary. It is his submission that the departmental enquiry is pending

against the petitioner for quite some time, which was initiated in August 2022.

It is contended that the same has not moved forward. He submits that the

pendency of the departmental enquiry cannot be taken to be any impediment

in the petitioner pursuing the P.G. course, as what is sought to be undertaken

by the petitioner is to achieve a higher qualification. It is next submitted that,

in fact the matrimonial proceedings which were initiated by his wife no more

survive, as such proceedings filed by the wife have already come to an end,

resulting into a decree of divorce being granted. Although not relevant, the

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criminal proceedings are, however, stated to be pending which, according to

the petitioner, form the basis of the departmental enquiry as initiated against

the petitioner, under the departmental charge sheet dated 22 nd August 2022,

copy of which is placed at page 62 of the paper book. In these circumstances, it

is submitted that the pendency of the departmental enquiry as also the criminal

proceedings ought not to hinder the petitioner's pursuit of higher education,

namely of obtaining a decree of post graduation in medicine. In support of

such contention, the petitioner has placed reliance on the decisions of this

Court, in Dr.Amol Kalidas Chavan vs. Directorate of Health Services and

another 1 and the second decision being in Dr.Satish s/o Daryappa Gadade vs.

The State of Maharashtra and Ors. 2


11.   We find that in Dr. Amol Kalidas Chavan's case (Supra) a departmental

enquiry was initiated against the petitioner and for such reason, an NOC was

denied. The Division Bench of this Court, considering the fact that although

more than 5 years had lapsed, and the enquiry was not being completed,

directed the respondents to issue NOC to the petitioner, subject to further

decision that would be taken by the respondents in the departmental enquiry

against the petitioner.


12.   In Dr.Satish s/o Daryappa Gadade (Supra), the petitioner was serving as

a Medical Officer at a Primary Health Centre. He was facing departmental

1 Writ Petition No.4368 of 2021 decided on 16th March 2021
2 Writ Petition No.1106 of 2024 decided on 20th February 2014
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proceedings at the instance of another employee. There was failure of the

authority to complete the departmental proceedings even after lapse of more

than two years, which was observed to be of prejudice to the said petitioner, as

he was deprived of an opportunity of securing admission to PG degree /

Diploma course. It is in such circumstances, the petitioner had prayed that

departmental proceedings be concluded expeditiously, and that subject to the

outcome of the same, the Petitioner be granted admission to P.G. degree /

diploma course. On such backdrop the Division Bench of this Court directed

the Government - Director of Medical Education & Research, to consider the

claim of the petitioner for admission to PG degree / diploma course, as an in-

service candidate and, if found eligible, include his name in the merit list

provisionally. It was directed that admission of the petitioner as an in service

candidate shall be subject to the outcome of the departmental proceedings

initiated against him.


13.   Mr.Deshmukh, the learned counsel for the petitioner, would submit that

both the said decisions would support the petitioner's contention and the relief

as prayed for by the petitioner be granted.


14.   On the other hand, Mr. Kankal, the learned A.G.P. has supported the

impugned decision. He has drawn our attention to the G.R. dated 19 th March

2019 and more particularly clause 4.5, official translation of which reads thus:



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           "4.5       It is necessary that a Medical Officer shall provide
           service by remaining present at the Head Quarter. No incident,
           such as a seriously ill patient did not get treatment, post-mortem
           was not performed, should have happened during the said period
           on account of the absence of the Medical Officer. If such an
           incident had happened and if it is proved during the course of
           preliminary enquiry, and also if a Departmental Enquiry is
           ordered against the officer concerned, and if a Departmental
           Enquiry or Criminal Case is pending / has been initiated against
           the Medical Officer in connection with any other ground, then
           he shall be considered to be ineligible for appearing for the
           (NEET PG) Entrance Test."


15.   Mr. Kankal would submit that this is clearly a case where departmental

proceeding is pending against the petitioner and, hence, the impugned

decision to refuse the NOC to the petitioner, would not call for an interference.


16.   Having heard the learned counsel for the parties and having perused the

record, we find substance in the contentions as urged on behalf of the

petitioner, for more than one reason. In our opinion, in the peculiar facts and

circumstances of the case, and more particularly, having given due

consideration to the charges as levelled in the departmental charge sheet, issued

to the petitioner, in our opinion, pendency of the departmental enquiry, ought

not to be a ground, so as to take away the right of the petitioner, as an in service

candidate to pursue higher education. We are also of the clear opinion that

clause 4.5 of the Government Resolution (G.R.) dated 19 th March 2019 is not

applicable in the present case, so as to refuse a NOC to the petitioner, to pursue

the P.G. course.




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17.    There is another fundamental issue namely that the right to education is

a substantive legal right of a person and is regarded to be a right emanating

from Article 21 of the Constitution. In our opinion, this would be true, even if

higher education is to be pursued as an in-service candidate. The position in

law in this regard can be seen from catena of decisions of the Supreme Court,

which we discuss hereunder.


18.    The Supreme Court in Miss. Mohini Jain Vs. State of Karnataka & Ors. 3

has held that the right to education flows directly from right to life. It was held

that the right to life under Article 21 and the dignity of an individual cannot be

assured unless it is accompanied by the right to education. The court in such

context observed thus:


               "9. The directive principles which are fundamental in the governance
               of the country cannot be isolated from the fundamental rights
               guaranteed under Part III. These principles have to be read into the
               fundamental rights. Both are supplementary to each other. The State is
               under a constitutional mandate to create conditions in which the
               fundamental rights guaranteed to the individuals under Part III could
               be enjoyed by all. Without making "right to education" under Article
               41 of the Constitution a reality the fundamental rights under Chapter
               III shall remain beyond the reach of large majority which is illiterate.
               ............

               12. "Right to life" is the compendious expression for all those rights
               which the courts must enforce because they are basic to the dignified
               enjoyment of life. It extends to the full range of conduct which the
               individual is free to pursue. The right to education flows directly from
               right to life. The right to life under Article 21 and the dignity of an
               individual cannot be assured unless it is accompanied by the right to
               education.

               13. The fundamental rights guaranteed under Part III of the
               Constitution of India including the right to freedom of speech and
3 AIR 1992 SC 1858
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               expression and other rights under Article 19 cannot be appreciated and
               fully enjoyed unless a citizen is educated and is conscious of his
               individualistic dignity.

               14. The "right to education", therefore, is concomitant to the
               fundamental rights enshrined under Part III of the Constitution.

               17. We hold that every citizen has a "right to education" under the
               Constitution. The State is under an obligation to establish educational
               institutions to enable the citizens to enjoy the said right.
                                                                     (emphasis supplied)




19.    The above principles are reiterated by the Supreme Court in the case

State of Tamil Nadu & Ors. Vs. K. Shyam Sunder & Ors. 4 wherein the

Supreme Court observed thus:-


               "20. ... ... ... Even before the said amendment, this Court has treated
               the right to education as a fundamental right. (Vide Mohini Jain V.
               State of Karnataka [AIR 1992 SC 1858]; Unni Krishnan, J.P. Vs. State
               of A.P. [AIR 1993 SC 2178]; and T.M.A. Pai Foundation Vs. State of
               Karnataka [92002)8 SCC 481]."



20.    In Society for Unaided Private Schools of Rajasthan Vs. Union of India 5

the Supreme Court observed thus:

                        "27. At the outset, it may be stated, that fundamental rights
                        have two aspects--they act as fetters on plenary legislative
                        powers and, secondly, they provide conditions for fuller
                        development of our people including their individual
                        dignity. Right to live in Article 21 covers access to education.
                        .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . The word "education" was read into Article
                        21 by the judgments of this Court. However, Article 21
                        merely declared "education" to fall within the contours of
                        right to live.
                                                                    (emphasis supplied)



4 (2011)8 SCC 737
5 (2012)6 SCC 1
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21.    The Supreme Court in Janhit Abhiyan Vs. Union of India6 has quoted

with approval the observations of the Supreme Court in Miss. Mohini Jain

(supra) and Unni Krishnan, J.P. Vs. State of A.P.7, when the Supreme Court

observed thus:-

               261. In the case of Unni Krishnan, J.P. v. State of Andhra Pradesh,
               (1993) 1 SCC 645, the decision in the case of Mohini Jain (supra)
               came up for consideration before a larger Bench of this Court. While
               not approving the judgment in toto, the above concept was further
               expanded and refined. It was observed as under: (Unni Krishnan case,
               SCC pp. 731-35, paras 168-75)

                       "168. In Brown v. Board of Education [98 L.Ed. 873 : 347 US
                       483 (1954)] Earl Warren, C. J., speaking for the U.S. Supreme
                       Court emphasised the right to education in the following words:

                                "13. Today, education is perhaps the most important
                                function of State and local governments .... It is
                                required in the performance of our most basic
                                responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the
                                very foundation of good citizenship. Today it is the
                                principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural
                                values, in preparing him for later professional training,
                                and in helping him to adjust normally to his
                                environment. In these days, it is doubtful any child may
                                reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied
                                the opportunity of an education."

                       169. In Wisconsin v. Yoder [32 L.Ed.2d 15 : 406 US 205
                       (1971)] the court recognised that:

                                 "11. ... Providing public schools ranks at the very apex
                                 of the function of a State."

                        The said fact has also been affirmed by eminent educationists of
                        modern India like Dr Radhakrishnan, J. P. Naik, Dr Kothari
                        and others.

                        170. It is argued by some of the counsel for the petitioners
                        that Article 21 is negative in character and that it merely
                        declares that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal
                        liberty except according to the procedure established by law.
                        Since the State is not depriving the respondents'-students of

6 (2023)5 SCC 1
7 AIR 1993 SC 2178
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                 their right to education, Article 21 is not attracted, it is
                 submitted. If and when the State makes a law taking away the
                 right to education, would Article 21 be attracted, according to
                 them. This argument, in our opinion, is really born of
                 confusion; at any rate, it is designed to confuse the issue. The
                 first question is whether the right to life guaranteed by Article
                 21 does take in the right to education or not. It is then that the
                 second question arises whether the State is taking away that
                 right. The mere fact that the State is not taking away the right
                 as at present does not mean that right to education is not
                 included within the right to life. The content of the right is not
                 determined by perception of threat. The content of right to life
                 is not to be determined on the basis of existence or absence of
                 threat of deprivation. The effect of holding that right to
                 education is implicit in the right to life is that the State cannot
                 deprive the citizen of his right to education except in
                 accordance with the procedure prescribed by law.

                 171. In the above state of law, it would not be correct to
                 contend that Mohini Jain [Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka,
                 (1992) 3 SCC 666] was wrong insofar as it declared that "the
                 right to education flows directly from right to life". But the
                 question is what is the content of this right? How much and
                 what level of education is necessary to make the life
                 meaningful? Does it mean that every citizen of this country can
                 call upon the State to provide him education of his choice? In
                 other words, whether the citizens of this country can demand
                 that the State provide adequate number of medical colleges,
                 engineering colleges and other educational institutions to
                 satisfy all their educational needs? Mohini Jain [Mohini Jain v.
                 State of Karnataka, (1992) 3 SCC 666] seems to say, yes. With
                 respect, we cannot agree with such a broad proposition. The
                 right to education which is implicit in the right to life and
                 personal liberty guaranteed by Article 21 must be construed in
                 the light of the directive principles in Part IV of the
                 Constitution. So far as the right to education is concerned,
                 there are several articles in Part IV which expressly speak of it.
                 Article 41 says that the "State shall, within the limits of its
                 economic capacity and development, make effective provision
                 for securing the right to work, to education and to public
                 assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and
                 disablement, and in other cases of undeserved want". Article 45
                 says that "the State shall endeavour to provide, within a period
                 of ten years from the commencement of this Constitution, for
                 free and compulsory education for all children until they
                 complete the age of fourteen years". Article 46 commands that
                 "the State shall promote with special care the educational and
                 economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, and, in
                 particular, of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes,
                 and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of

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                       exploitation". Education means knowledge -- and "knowledge
                       itself is power". As rightly observed by John Adams, "the
                       preservation of means of knowledge among the lowest ranks is
                       of more importance to the public than all the property of all the
                       rich men in the country". (Dissertation on Canon and Feudal
                       Law, 1765) It is this concern which seems to underlie Article
                       46. It is the tyrants and bad rulers who are afraid of spread of
                       education and knowledge among the deprived classes. Witness
                       Hitler railing against universal education. He said:"Universal
                       education is the most corroding and disintegrating poison that
                       liberalism has ever invented for its own destruction."
                       (Rauschning, The Voice of Destruction : Hitler speaks.) A true
                       democracy is one where education is universal, where people
                       understand what is good for them and the nation and know
                       how to govern themselves. The three Articles 45, 46 and 41 are
                       designed to achieve the said goal among others. It is in the light
                       of these Articles that the content and parameters of the right to
                       education have to be determined. Right to education,
                       understood in the context of Articles 45 and 41, means : (a)
                       every child/citizen of this country has a right to free education
                       until he completes the age of fourteen years, and (b) after a
                       child/citizen completes 14 years, his right to education is
                       circumscribed by the limits of the economic capacity of the
                       State and its development. We may deal with both these limbs
                       separately.
                                                             (emphasis supplied)



22.   It is thus clear, that right to education is implicit in the right to life and

personal liberty guaranteed and flowing from Article 21 of the Constitution.

Such right of an in-service candidate, who intends to pursue education, needs

to be recognized, however, certainly, such pursuit to higher education would be

governed by the terms and conditions of the employment, when it comes to

the exigencies of service. This would certainly not mean, that such right can be

denied or taken away, merely in view of the pendency of any departmental

proceedings or criminal proceedings against the employee. In this context, it

may also be observed that issuance of an NOC is with an object and reason that


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a candidate is required to be available to discharge the duties of public

employment or for any justifiable reason, it is appropriate to not permit an

employee to pursue further education as an in-service candidate which can

only be for some genuine reason touching the employment. In such eventuality,

the State Government as an employer would have an authority not to permit

the in-service candidate to undertake the P.G.course, unless the employee

fulfills the necessary criteria which may be prescribed under the Government

policy. However, any criteria which is arbitrary or illegal which would per se

take away the rights of higher education as recognized by the Supreme Court

cannot be foisted on an in-service candidate. Moreover in fixing such norms,

the State Government is required to be alive to the fact, that such employees

were not privileged to complete their education in the present case, hence,

there is nothing wrong to pursue further education as an in-service candidate.


23.   It also cannot be overlooked that the State cannot have a policy, rule or

regulation which would adversely affect the citizen's pursuit to education

which he intends to achieve, much less of those who are in employment, as

right to education is now recognized to be a facet of the right to liberty under

Article 21 of the Constitution of India. Further, Article 41 of the Constitution

mandates the State to secure the right to education, as one of the directive

principles of State policy. Also in-service candidate achieving higher education

would ultimately enure to the public benefit.


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24.   Insofar as the facts of the present case are concerned, although the no

objection of the petitioner, has not been rejected on the pendency of the

criminal proceedings, however, considering Mr. Kankal's submissions in the

context of paragraph 4.5 of the G.R. dated 19 March 2019 it can be seen that

the criminal proceedings which are pending against the petitioner, are also

proceedings which have arisen from a matrimonial dispute and in which a

decree of divorce between the petitioner and his wife, has already been granted

by the competent Court. It is also stated that the co-employee, against whom

the petitioner's wife had a grievance which was the subject matter of the FIR

against the Petitioner, has also not lodged any complaint / FIR against the

petitioner. It also appears from the departmental charge sheet, that the basis of

the departmental enquiry is on the complaint as made by the petitioner's wife

who is already divorced and on some information which was part of a

newspaper report, which was also based on her police complaint.


25.   Be that as it may, today it cannot be ascertained as to what would be the

outcome of the departmental proceedings and as to when the proceedings

would stand concluded. However, merely for the reason that the departmental

or the criminal proceeding of the nature in question are pending,                     the

petitioner cannot continue to suffer on his pursuit and his intention to achieve

higher education, and for which NOC was applied for.




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26.   In the light of the above discussion, we are of the view that the

impugned decision of the respondent rejecting NOC to the petitioner is

arbitrary as also discriminatory. The petitioner cannot indefinitely suffer on

account of the departmental enquiry pending against him. Similarly, pending

criminal case initiated by his former wife, cannot take away or extinguish the

petitioner's aspiration to achieve higher education/qualification. Such

proceedings take long years to attain finality, in view of the hierarchy of appeals

being provided both in the departmental proceedings or in the criminal

proceedings. It would be hence, harsh and unreasonable to prohibit the

petitioner to pursue his post-graduation till such proceedings attain finality.

The precious years available to the Petitioner to pursue PG examination cannot

be wasted.


27.   In the aforesaid circumstances, we are inclined to allow the petition by

directing the respondents to grant NOC to the petitioner to undertake NEET

PG course. Hence, following order:

                                                ORDER

a. The impugned decision dated 9th February 2024 rejecting the petitioner's application for grant of NOC by the respondents to pursue PG Medical Education by undertaking NEET 2024 examination, is quashed and set aside.

b. The respondents are directed to grant NOC to the petitioner within a period of two weeks from the date a copy of the order is made available.

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26 March, 2024 ::: Uploaded on - 04/04/2024 ::: Downloaded on - 13/04/2024 23:58:15 ::: 5 WP4415-24.DOC c. Needless to observe that if the petitioner, qualifies the PG NEET- examination, he shall undertake the P.G. course subject to the outcome of the departmental proceedings and an appropriate decision in that regard be taken by the State Government, in the event the departmental proceedings are decided against the petitioner. d. Disposed of in the aforesaid terms. No costs.

(FIRDOSH P. POONIWALLA, J.) (G. S. KULKARNI , J.) Page 17 of 17 26 March, 2024 ::: Uploaded on - 04/04/2024 ::: Downloaded on - 13/04/2024 23:58:15 :::