Kerala High Court
Kerala State Co-Operative Bank Ltd vs Deputy Labour Commissioner on 3 February, 2025
Author: N. Nagaresh
Bench: N.Nagaresh
2025:KER:7665
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 19255 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHAVAKKADU THRISSUR, PIN - 680005
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON
06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).20920/2023, 20928/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:2:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 20920 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHAVAKKAD PIN - 680506
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD
ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:3:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 20928 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
KODUNGALLUR PIN - 680669
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD
ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:4:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 22399 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR, COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR, PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
WADAKKANCHERY PIN - 680582
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD
ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:5:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 22524 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR - 680 020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
KUNNAMKULAM
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
ADDL.R3 SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT
LABOUR AND SKILLS DEPARTMENT,
GOVERNMENT SECRETARIAT,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
PIN - 695001.
[ADDITIONAL 3RD RESPONDENT IS IMPLEADED AS PER
ORDER DATED 03.02.2025 IN I.A.NO.2 OF 2024]
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
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BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL. ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD
ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:7:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 41249 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR, PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
IRINJALAKUDA PIN - 680020
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P. ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR
ADMISSION ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:8:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 41330 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM AGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR OFFICER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR, PIN - 680020
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR
ADMISSION ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
:9:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 44355 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD,
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR - PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR OFFICER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
WADAKKANCHERY, PIN - 680020
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
3 DEPUTY TAHSILDAR,
THALAPPILLY TALUK, THRISSUR DISTRICT,
PIN - 680602.
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
: 10 :
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR
ADMISSION ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
: 11 :
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 7063 OF 2024
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD.,
CO-BANK TOWERS,
PALAYAM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU,
THRISSUR PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHALAKUDY PIN - 680307
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
: 12 :
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD
ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases
: 13 :
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.NAGARESH
MONDAY, THE 3RD DAY OF FEBRUARY 2025 / 14TH MAGHA, 1946
WP(C) NO. 8595 OF 2024
PETITIONER:
KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD
CO-BANK TOWERS, PALAYAM,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PIN - 695033.
BY ADV P.C.SASIDHARAN
RESPONDENTS:
1 DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU, THRISSUR - PIN - 680020
(COMPETENT AUTHORITY UNDER MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
2 ASSISTANT LABOUR COMMISSIONER
OFFICE OF THE LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
CHEMBUKAVU PIN - 680020
(INSPECTOR UNDER THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT).
BY ADVS.
SMT.SABEENA P.ISMAIL, GOVERNMENT PLEADER
SHRI.ASOK M.CHERIAN, ADDL.ADVOCATE GENERAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR
ADMISSION ON 06.11.2024, ALONG WITH WP(C).19255/2023 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON 03.02.2025 DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
2025:KER:7665
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: 14 :
CR
N. NAGARESH, J.
`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
W.P.(C) Nos.19255, 20920, 20928, 22399,
22524, 41249, 41330 and 44355 of 2023
and 7063 & 8595 of 2024
`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
Dated this the 3rd day of February, 2025
JUDGMENT
~~~~~~~~~ The Kerala State Co-operative Bank Limited is the petitioner in all these writ petitions. Orders passed by the Minimum Wages Authority and show-cause notices issued pursuant thereto, are challenged in these writ petitions.
2. The petitioner states that the petitioner is a scheduled Co-operative Bank licensed by the Reserve Bank of India. The Bank is governed by the Banking Regulation Act and the Rules made thereunder. Service conditions of its employees are governed by the Kerala Co-operative Societies Act and the Rules framed thereunder.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 15 :
3. Rule 189 of the Kerala Co-operative Societies Rules provides that Government shall have power to fix or alter the maximum and minimum limit of establishment expenses. The term establishment expenses include expenses towards wages payable to its employees. The Government has periodically issued orders fixing the pay and allowances of its employees.
4. The officers under the Labour Department conducted inspections and they found that minimum wages are not paid to certain Watchmen. Notices were issued to the Bank requiring to show-cause why Claim Petition shall not be filed and why prosecution shall not be initiated for non-payment of minimum wages. The Managers of the Bank filed reply.
5. The objections of the Bank were overruled by the Inspector under the Minimum Wages Act. Claim Petitions were filed alleging that minimum wages were not paid to the Security Guards / Watchmen. The Bank filed detailed objections. However, the Deputy Labour Commissioner repelled the contentions of the Bank and directed the Bank to remit certain 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 16 : amounts towards arrears of minimum wages. Show-cause notices were issued requiring to answer why amount should not be recovered from the Bank.
6. The petitioner states that employment in Banks is included in Schedule Part I and no Notification fixing minimum wages has been issued by the Government, in respect of employees of Banks. In the absence of prescription of minimum wages, the finding arrived at by the 2 nd respondent- Inspector that there is difference between the minimum wages fixed and the amount paid is not sustainable.
7. The Government has issued GO(P) No.196/2016/LBR dated 21.12.2016 fixing the minimum wages payable to employees in the Shops and Commercial establishments industry. The petitioner states that the Bank is neither a shop nor a commercial establishment covered under the Kerala Shops and Commercial Establishments Act, 1960. The Kerala State Co-operative Bank and the District Co- operative Banks are scheduled commercial Banks and they are 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 17 : exempted from the provisions of the Act, 1960, by SRO No.501/82 dated 31.03.1982. Therefore, the GO dated 21.12.2016 is not applicable to the petitioner-Bank. The Government has issued GO(P) No.38/2017/Labour dated 09.05.2017 prescribing minimum wages for security services. The Bank is not providing employment in security services and the security service agencies are different establishments. Therefore, GO(P) dated 09.05.2017 would also not apply to the petitioner-Bank.
8. The petitioner further pointed out that any dispute between an employer and employee of a Co-operative Society can be adjudicated only before an Arbitration Court under Section 69 of the Kerala Co-operative Societies Act. The present proceedings are therefore highly illegal and arbitrary.
9. The 1st respondent filed counter affidavit. The 1 st respondent stated that the petitioner being a Scheduled Co- operative Bank, it would come under the purview of the Kerala Shops and Commercial Establishments Act, 1960. The 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 18 : petitioner-establishment is registered in the rolls of the Assistant Labour Officer, Chavakkad. The ALO filed claim application based on the statements given by security employees at the time of inspection. The inspection revealed that the employees were not paid the prescribed minimum wages.
10. The definition of commercial establishment under Section 2(4) of the Shops Act includes banking establishments. This Court, in the judgment in Anandan S. v. Assistant Labour Officer and another [2012 (3) KLT 347], has held that a banking establishment would come within the definition of the term 'establishment'. The pay and allowances payable to employees of Co-operative institutions shall not be less than the minimum wages fixed by the Government under the Minimum Wages Act.
11. The Hon'ble Apex Court has held in K.A. Annamma v. Secretary, Cochin Co-operative Hospital Society Limited [(2018) 2 SCC 729] that the Kerala Co-operative 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 19 : Societies Act and the Industrial Disputes Act, both possess concurrent jurisdiction to decide any service dispute between employee and employer in respect of a Co-operative institution. The minimum wages fixed under GO(P) dated 21.12.2016 is applicable to the petitioner. Payment of minimum wages is a statutory liability. The writ petitions are without any merit and are liable to be dismissed, urged the 1st respondent.
12. I have heard the learned counsel for the petitioner and the learned Government Pleader representing the respondents.
13. The petitioner contends that any dispute between an employer and employee of a Co-operative establishment has to be resolved through the provisions of the Kerala Co- operative Societies Act, 1969. The Hon'ble Apex Court has held in K.A. Annamma (supra) that the Kerala Co-operative Societies Act and the Industrial Disputes Act, both possess and enjoy concurrent jurisdiction to decide any service dispute arising between a Co-operative Society's employee and his 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 20 : employer.
14. In fact, a dispute relating to payment of minimum wages is a dispute falling within the purview of the Minimum Wages Act and the authorities constituted under the Minimum Wages Act are empowered to decide the dispute. The Minimum Wages Act is a special Central enactment and hence it would override the State laws where both have the power to legislate.
15. The petitioner does not have a case that the appropriate Government has exempted the petitioner from the provisions of the Minimum Wages Act. Being a scheduled employment, the provisions of the Minimum Wages Act would apply to the petitioner-establishment.
16. However, the question arising in these cases is whether Exts.P7 and P8 Minimum Wages Notifications can be made applicable to the petitioner-Bank and differential minimum wages can be recovered from the petitioner-Bank based on those Notifications. A reading of Ext.P8 Notification 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 21 : would reveal that the said Notification is intended to apply only to employees of the Security Services alone. The petitioner being a Bank, and not involved in any Security Services, Ext.P8 Notification cannot be applied to the Bank.
17. The Government Pleader would point out that Ext.P4 order has been passed based on Ext.P7 Minimum Wages Notification applicable to employees employed in shops and commercial establishments in the State of Kerala. The petitioner would contend that the petitioner being a Bank, it would not come under the purview of the term 'shops'. Therefore, Ext.P7 cannot be applied to the petitioner.
18. The question therefore is whether the petitioner- Bank would fall under the definition of shop or commercial establishment. The petitioner would urge that a Co-operative Bank is neither a shop nor a commercial establishment.
19. Section 2(4) of the Kerala Shops and Commercial Establishments Act, 1960 defines the term 'commercial establishment' as follows:
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 22 : "commercial establishment" means a commercial or industrial or trading or banking or insurance establishment, an establishment or administrative service in which the persons employed are mainly engaged in office work, hotel, restaurant, boarding or eating house, café or any other refreshment house, a theatre or any other place of public amusement or entertainment and includes such other establishment as the Government may, by notification in the Gazette, declare to be a commercial establishment for the purposes of this Act, but does not include a factory to which all or any of the provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 (Central Act 63 of 1948) apply."
20. This Court in the judgment in Anandan S. (supra) has held that as per Section 2(4), a banking establishment would also come within the definition of the term 'establishment'. Still, a question would arise whether Ext.P17 Minimum Wages Notification applicable to shops and commercial establishments can be applied to the petitioner- Bank.
21. Sections 3, 5 and 12 of the Minimum Wages Act are important in this context. Section 3 of the Act deals with fixing of minimum rates of wages and power is given to the State Government concerned to fix the minimum wages payable. Section 3 of the Act says that the State Government may fix 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 23 : the minimum rates of wages payable to employees employed in an employment specified in Part I or Part II of the Schedule and in an employment added to either Part by notification under Section 27.
22. The procedure for fixing and revising the minimum wages is also provided under Section 5 of the Act, which says;
5. Procedure for fixing and revising minimum wages-
(1) In fixing minimum rates of wages in respect of any scheduled employment for the first time under this Act. or in revising minimum rates of wages so fixed, the appropriate Government shall either-
(a) appoint as many committees and subcommittees as it: considers necessary to hold enquiries and advise it in respect of such fixation or revision, as the case may be, or
(b) by notification in the Official Gazette, publish its proposals for the information of persons likely to be affected thereby and specify a date, not less than two months from the date of the notification, on which the proposals will be taken into consideration.
(2) After considering the advice of the committee or committees appointed under clause (a) of sub-section (1), or as the case may be, all representations received by it before the date 'Specified in the notification under clause (b) of that sub-section, the appropriate Government shall, by notification in the Official Gazette, fix, or, as the case may be, revise the minimum rates of wages in 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 24 : respect of each schedule employment, and unless such notification otherwise provides, it shall come into force on the expiry of three months from the date of its issue:
Provided that where the appropriate Government proposes to revise the minimum rates of wages by the mode specified in clause (b) of sub- section(1), the appropriate Government shall consult the Advisory Board also.
23. Section 12 of the Act says that;
12. Payment of minimum rates of wages-
(1) Where in respect of any scheduled employment: a notification under section 5 [20] [***] is in force, the employer shall pay to every employee engaged in a scheduled employment under him wages at a rate not less than the minimum rate of wages fixed by such notification for that class of employees in that employment without any deductions except as may be authorized within such time and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.
(2) Nothing contained in this section shall affect the provisions of the Payment: of Wages Act 1936 (4 of 1936).
24. As per Section 2(g), "scheduled employment"
means an employment specified in the Schedule, or any process or branch of work forming part of such employment.
Under Section 27 of the Minimum Wages Act, the appropriate Government has power to add to either part of the Schedule 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 25 : any employment in respect of which it is of the opinion that minimum rates of wages should be fixed.
25. In Part I of the Schedule of the list of employments as is applicable to the State (produced by the petitioner as Ext.P6), Employment in Shops and Establishments (including hotels and restaurants) is listed at Serial No.21, whereas employment in Banks is listed at Serial No.24. Employment in Security Services is at Serial No.46. Employment in shops and Establishments was added to the Schedule as per Notification dated 19.10.1957 and Employment in Banks was added subsequently as per Notification dated 29.12.1958.
26. Adding of employments in the Schedule being a statutory process, when Employment in Banks is added as a different head, it has to be necessarily concluded that the State intended to cull out Employment in Banks and to treat it distinctly from Employment in Shops and Establishments, in order to fix different rate of minimum wages to Employment in Banks. Therefore, any minimum wage notification intended to 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 26 : apply to Employment in Shops and Establishments cannot be applied to Employment in Banks.
27. The show-cause notices, the orders passed under Section 20 of the Minimum Wages Act, 1948 and recovery notices impugned in these writ petitions are therefore set aside.
The writ petitions will stand allowed to the above extent.
Sd/-
N. NAGARESH, JUDGE aks/30.01.2025 2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 27 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 19255/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 316/2019(2) DATED 23/09/2019.
Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, VADAKEKKAD BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 19/10/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 30.11.2019 ALONG WITH THE CLAIM PETITION FILED BEFORE THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER, THRISSUR DATED 30.11.2019.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 11/2020 DATED
19/01/2023.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT DATED 25/04/2023.
Exhibit P6 THE NOTIFICATION FIXING THE MINIMUM
WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS
INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P7 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LBR DATED 21/12/2016.
Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION (G.O.
(P) NO. 38/2017/LABOUR DATED
09.05.2017.
2025:KER:7665
W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 28 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 20920/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 216/2019 (1)DATED23/09/2019.
Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, CHAVAKKAD BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 19/10/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ALONG WITH THE CLAIM PETITION DATED 30/11/2019.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 10/2020 DATED
19/01/2023.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE CHAVAKKAD BRANCH OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 17/05/2023.
Exhibit P6 THE NOTIFICATION FIXING THE MINIMUM
WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS
INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P7 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION GO(P) NO. 38/2017/LABOUR DATED 09.05.2017.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 29 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 20928/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 322/19 DATED 23/09/2019. Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, KODUNGALLUR BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 19/10/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ALONG WITH THE CLAIM PETITION DATED 26/12/2019.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 115/2019 DATED
28/03/2023.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE KODUNGALLUR BRANCH OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 25/05/2023.
Exhibit P6 THE NOTIFICATION FIXING THE MINIMUM
WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS
INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P7 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO.
GO(RT) NO.38/2017/LABOUR.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 30 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 22399/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE AND REVISED NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 348/19 DATED 23/09/2019.
Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, MEDICAL COLLEGE BRANCH,PERINGANDOOR OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 19/10/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ALONG WITH THE CLAIM PETITION DATED 05/03/2020.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 46/2020 DATED
07/02/2023.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE MEDICAL COLLEGE BRANCH,PERINGANDOOR OF KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 18/05/2023.
Exhibit P6 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER ISSUED IN WPC 19255 OF 2023 DATED 19/06/2023.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION FIXING
THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS
ORGANISATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE
DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 31 : Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION DATED 09/05/2017.
Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE CIRCULAR NO.HR/024/2022-23 DATED 25.05.2022 ISSUED BY THE KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 32 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 22524/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 351/19 DATED 14/12/2019. Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, KUNNAMKULAM BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 06/03/2020.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ALONG WITH THE CLAIM PETITION DATED 23/03/2020.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 63/2020 DATED
03/01/2023.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE KUNNAMKULAM BRANCH OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 25/05/2023. Exhibit P6 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER ISSUED IN WPC 19255 OF 2023 DATED 19/06/2023.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION FIXING
THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS
ORGANISATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE
DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LBR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO.GO(P) NO.38/2017/LABOUR DATED 09/05/2017.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 33 : Exhibit P10 A TRUE COPY OF THE CIRCULAR NO.HR/024/2022-23 DATED 25.05.2022 ISSUED BY THE KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 34 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 41249/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 295/2019 DATED 05/01/2019.
Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, KATTOOR BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 19/10/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE CLAIM PETITION FILED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 30/11/2019.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 100/2019 DATED
04/05/2023.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE KATTOOR BRANCH OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 25/04/2023. Exhibit P6 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION FIXING THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P7 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION DATED 09/05/2017.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 35 : Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 19/06/2023 IN W.P.(C) NO.19255 OF 2023. Exhibit P10 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 11/07/2023 IN W.P.(C) NO.20920 OF 2023.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 36 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 41330/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED NO. 345/19 DATED 09/02/2020.
Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, WEST FORT BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 06/03/2020.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE CLAIM PETITION.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 54/2020 DATED
07/11/2022.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE WEST FORT BRANCH OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 26/05/2023. Exhibit P6 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION FIXING THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P7 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION DATED 09/05/2017.
Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 19/06/2023 IN W.P.(C) NO.19255 OF 2023.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 37 : Exhibit P10 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 11/07/2023 IN W.P.(C) NO.20920 OF 2023.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 38 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 44355/2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED NO. 349/19 DATED 23/09/2019.
Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. 349/19 DATED 10/02/2020 ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, WADAKKANCHERY BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 06/03/2020.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE CLAIM PETITION DATED 5/3/2020.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 47/2020 DATED
14/02/2023.
Exhibit P6 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE WADAKKANCHERY OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 11/08/2023. Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE DATED 27/11/2023 ISSUED BY THE DEPUTY THAHSILDAR, THALAPPILLY TALUK.
Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION FIXING
THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS
ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE
DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 39 : Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LBR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P10 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION DATED 09/05/2017.
Exhibit P11 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 19/06/2023 IN W.P.(C) NO.19255 OF 2023. Exhibit P12 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 11/07/2023 IN W.P.(C) NO.20920 OF 2023.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 40 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 7063/2024 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2 ND RESPONDENT ALONG WITH THE OFFENCES ALLEGED TO HAVE BEEN COMMITTED, NO. 540/19 DATED 12/02/2020. Exhibit P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, CHALAKUDY BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 25/10/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE CLAIM PETITION ALONG WITH PETITION FOR CONDONATION OF DELAY DATED 18/02/2020.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 25/2020 DATED
21/11/2022.
Exhibit P5 A TRUE COPY OF THE REVENUE RECOVERY
NOTICE DATED 16/12/2023.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER ISSUED
IN WPC 19255 OF 2023 DATED 19/06/2023. Exhibit P7 THE TRUE COPY FIXING THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT. Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016. Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION DATED 09/05/2017.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 41 : Exhibit P10 A TRUE COPY OF THE CIRCULAR NO.HR/024/2022-23 DATED 25.05.2022 ISSUED BY THE KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 42 : APPENDIX OF WP(C) 8595/2024 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY FILED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, CHERPU BRANCH OF THRISSUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK DATED 25/10/2019.
Exhibit P2 A TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE NO.329/19 DATED 06/12/2019.
Exhibit P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE NO.329/19 DATED 06/01/2020 ISSUED BY THE 2 ND RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE CLAIM PETITION ALONG WITH THE DELAY PETITION DATED 20/02/2020.
Exhibit P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY
THE DEPUTY LABOUR COMMISSIONER,
THRISSUR IN MWA 22/2020 DATED
07/11/2022.
Exhibit P6 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SHOW CAUSE NOTICE
ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE CHERPU BRANCH OF KERALA STATE CO- OPERATIVE BANK DATED 16/05/2023. Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER ISSUED IN WPC 19255 OF 2023 DATED 19/06/2023. Exhibit P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ACT FIXING THE MINIMUM WAGES TO VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS INCLUDING SCHEDULE DOWNLOADED FROM THE OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE LABOUR DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P9 THE TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(P) NO.
196/2016/LWR DATED 21/12/2016.
2025:KER:7665 W.P.(C) No.19255/2023 & connected cases : 43 : Exhibit P10 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO.
G.O.(P) NO.38/2017/LABOUR 09/05/2017. Exhibit P11 A TRUE COPY OF THE CIRCULAR NO.HR/024/2022-23 DATED 25.05.2022 ISSUED BY THE KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK.