Patna High Court
Md. Kaleem @ Rinku vs The State Of Bihar on 12 August, 2022
Author: Chakradhari Sharan Singh
Bench: Chakradhari Sharan Singh, Khatim Reza
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CRIMINAL APPEAL (DB) No.1228 of 2019
Arising Out of PS. Case No.-529 Year-2017 Thana- PURNEA SADAR District- Purnia
======================================================
Md. Kaleem @ Rinku Son Of Md. Azmad Resident of Village - Khuskibagh,
Ward No.41, P.S.- Sadar, Distt.- Purnea.
... ... Appellant
Versus
1. The State of Bihar
2. Virendra Kumar Chaudhary @ Virendra Chaudhary Son of Hari Chaudhary
Resident of Village - Khusibagh, P.S.- Sadar, Distt.- Purnea.
3. Mohit Chaudhary Son of Damodar Chaudhary Resident of Village -
Khusibagh, P.S.- Sadar, Distt.- Purnea.
... ... Respondents
======================================================
Appearance :
For the Appellant : Mr. Ranjeet Kumar, Advocate
Mr. Kanishk Kaushtubh, Advocate
Mr. Ayush Kumar, Advocate
For the State : Mr. Ashwani Kumar Sinha, APP
Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma, APP
For Respondent No. 2 and 3 : Mr. Y.V. Giri, Sr. Advocate
Mr. Pranav Kumar, Advocate
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CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE CHAKRADHARI SHARAN
SINGH
and
HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE KHATIM REZA
CAV JUDGMENT
(Per: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE CHAKRADHARI SHARAN
SINGH)
Date : 12-08-2022
In the present appeal filed under the proviso to Section
372 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C., for
brevity), the appellant has assailed a judgment dated 07.09.2019
passed by the learned Additional District and Sessions Judge-III,
Purnea in Sessions Trial No. 91 of 2018 (T.R. No. 02/2018),
whereby, the respondents No. 2 and 3 herein have been acquitted
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of charge of commission of offences punishable under Sections
148, 341, 323, 302 read with 149 of the Indian Penal Code
('I.P.C.' for short) and Section 27 of the Arms Act.
2. We have heard Mr. Ranjeet Kumar, learned counsel
appearing on behalf of the appellant and Mr. Y.V. Giri, learned
Senior Counsel appearing on behalf of respondents No. 2 and 3.
Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma, learned Additional Public Prosecutor
has represented the State.
3. The appellant herein is the informant (P.W.-4) of
Sadar P.S. Case No. 529 of 2017, registered on 04.10.2017, based
on written report of the informant/appellant addressed to the
officer-in-charge, Sadar, Police Station, Purnea. It is manifest
from the lower court records that the information was received by
the police at 4:30 a.m. on 04.10.2017. Distance of the police
station from the place of occurrence as mentioned in the first
information report (FIR, for brevity) is one kilometre. The
appellant/informant (P.W-4), in the aforesaid written report
asserted that on the date of occurrence i.e. 3.10.2017 at 8 p.m.,
his brother Md. Jamal (the deceased) had left for a nearby
Santosh Pal Market for shave and had instructed the informant to
come there after 15 minutes to the said market. The informant,
nearly 20-21 minutes thereafter, while proceeding towards the
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said Santosh Pal Market, saw his brother, Md. Jamal (the
deceased), who, by then, had reached the main road nearby the
market. During the time when the deceased was handing over
some money to the informant, miscreants, riding in three
different motorcycles, arrived there and encircled them. He
identified all those six persons as Virendra Kumar Chaudhary
(respondent No. 2), Jitendra Kumar Choudhary, Md. Chameli
Khureshi, Raju Poddar, Mohit Choudhary (respondent No. 3),
Kailash Choudhary and Vilash Choudhary. On the instigation of
accused Vilash Choudhary, respondent No. 2 opened fire on the
deceased. The informant was thrashed by the accused Jitendra
Choudhary and before he could regain his balance, the miscreants
had escaped after having shot at the deceased. The deceased is
said to have sustained fire arm injury in his chest with blood
oozing out from his chest. On hulla having been raised by the
appellant, Md. Aftab Alam arrived there and with the help of
others, the informant took the deceased to Sadar Hospital where
he was declared dead. However, thereafter the deceased was
taken to Max-7 Hospital, Purnea as they doubted the opinion of
the Doctor at Sadar Hospital. At Max-7 Hospital also, the
deceased was declared dead.
4. Upon completion of investigation, charge-sheet was
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submitted, whereafter, upon taking cognizance, the case was
committed to the Court of Sessions for Trial. The charges were
framed for commission of the offences punishable under Section
148, 323, 341, 302/149 of the I.P.C. and 27 of the Arms Act.
Altogether, 7 witnesses were examined at the trial including the
informant (P.W.-4), the Doctor (P.W.-5), Investigating Officers
(P.W.-6 and P.W.-7). The prosecution got exhibited as evidence,
certain documents including the post-mortem report. It is noted
that two witnesses, namely P.W.-3 and P.W. 4 claimed to be the
eye witnesses during the course of trial. Statement of the persons
put on trial was recorded by the Trial Court under Section 313 of
the Cr.P.C.. The defence got exhibited as evidence, certain
documents to establish that the there were certain criminal cases
against deceased. It is evident from the trial court records as well
as the impugned judgment of the Trial Court that the occurrence
had taken place beside a market in a populated area and the
distance of the police station from the place of occurrence has
been shown in the first information report to be one kilometre.
5. P.W.-1 is said to have reached the place of
occurrence after having heard the sound of gunshot. When he
reached the place of occurrence, he found the deceased lying on
the road. There was fire arm injury visible in his chest. He also
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deposed that when he reached the place of occurrence, there were
several persons assembled there.
6. One of the full brothers of the deceased and the
informant, Mohd. Nihal P.W.-2, evidenced that when he learnt
about the occurrence, he went to the place of occurrence near
Mishra Line Hotel. He is a hearsay witness who learnt from the
informant (P.W.-4) and Aftab Alam (P.W.-3) that respondents No.
2 and 3 and other persons named in the F.I.R. had killed the
deceased. He deposed that the deceased was taken to Sadar
Hospital where the deceased was declared dead. He clearly
deposed that in the hospital, a police officer (Daroga Ji) had
come, who had prepared the inquest report, on which he (P.W.-2)
had put his signature.
7. P.W.-3 (Aftab Alam) in his deposition claimed to be
an eye witness who supported the prosecution's case including
the accusation against the respondent No. 2 of having shot at the
deceased. He further deposed that the police station and hospital,
both are 1-1.5 kilometre away from the place of occurrence. The
police reached the place of occurrence, according to him, on the
next date in the evening at about 3-4 pm.
8. P.W.-4 (the informant), per contra, deposed that the
deceased was firstly taken to the Sadar Hospital and as he did not
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rely on the opinion of the doctor there, the deceased was taken to
Hope Hospital in Rambagh. It is pointed out, at this juncture, that
in the F.I.R., P.W.-4 had disclosed that the deceased was taken to
Max-7 hospital after he was declared by the doctor in Sadar
Hospital dead. In the cross-examination, he could not give
specific reply to the query as to how long he had stayed with the
deceased in Sadar Hospital. He was unable to say as to in which
vehicle he had taken the deceased from Sadar Hospital to Hope
Hospital. It is noted that statement of P.W.-3 (Aftab Alam) and
P.W.-4 (Md. Kalim @ Renku) was recorded under Section 164 of
the Cr.P.C. on 12.10.2017 in which they supported the
prosecution's case as disclosed in the FIR.
9. The investigating officer, who was examined as
P.W.-7, in his cross-examination deposed that statement of P.W.-2
(Md. Nihal) was not recorded by him under Section 161 of the
Cr.P.C. though he learnt from the case diary that said P.W.-2 had
given a written statement to the police.
10. The Doctor has proved following ante-mortem
injury as proved by him during the course of trial:
"On external examination-
a. One lacerated wound oval in shape ¾"
dimetre on anterior chest wall below second rib (second inter
coastal space), edge of the wound inverted. Surrounding skin
-scrotched. Tattoed present, singing on hairs, in area of 2"of
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wound.
b. The wound communicate through thorxic
cavity
3.On dissection-
(i) Head & Neck-Brain matter congested
(ii) Thorax-Clots and blood in thoraxic cavity,
raputered of both lungs loops and heart, both Lungs pale,
Heart both ventical chambers empty.
(iii) Fracture of the fourth ribs,
(iv) In postaro lateral position of chest wall. One
metalic bullet lodged under the muscle plain in left chest
wall.
(v) Liver, spleen, kidney all are pale
(vi) Stomach- semi digested food material.
(vii) Gut-Fiscal matter and gases.
4. Dead bullet properly sealed and leveled in viel, handed
over the police personnal of concern p.s
5. Time elapsed since death-within 24 hours.
6. Cause of death- In our opinion the cause of death is due
to hammaroage and shock caused by fire arm injury.
7. This postmortem report is written in my pen and bears my
signature. Entire P.M. report with his signature marked as
exhibit-5.
8. Both the conducting doctor have put their signature on
postmortem report before me. Signature of Dr. Subhash
Kumar Singh and Dr. Sudhanshu Kumar are marked as
exhibit-5/1 and 5/2 respectively."
11. From the impugned judgment of the Trial Court, it
is evident that the Trial Court has discussed in detail the
deposition of the witnesses at the trial. P.W.-1 and P.W.-2 are not
eye witnesses. It is evident that P.W.-3 and P.W.-4 (the informant)
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claimed to be the eye witnesses. The Trial Court has discussed
apparent inconsistencies in the evidence of the P.Ws- 3 and 4.
The Trial Court has taken into account the crucial aspect of non-
examination by the police during the course of investigation of
the owner or staff of Mishra Line Hotel adjacent to which the
occurrence had taken place as per the prosecution's case. The
investigating officer deposed that he had not recorded the
statements of the owner or the employees of the nearby shops
which were open at the time of occurrence. The P.W.-4 deposed
in paragraph 3 that when the deceased and the P.W.-4 were
together, accused Vilash Choudhary started abusing the deceased,
whereas, P.W.-3 in his evidence deposed that suddenly the
accused persons came, and at the instance of Vilash Choudhary,
accused Virendra Choudhary (Respondent No. 2) shot at the
deceased. Deposition of P.W.-2 is in the same line as of P.W.-4
who too has not disclosed about any occurrence of altercation/use
of abusive language before the occurrence.
12. The Trial Court has discussed the prosecution's
evidence to the effect that whereas according to P.W.-2, the police
officer had come to the hospital where the inquest report was
prepared, on which P.W.-2 had put his signature, the place where
the dead body was found, as recorded in column 3 of the inquest
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report (exhibit-1/1) is contrary to the evidence of P.W.-2. The
place where inquest report was prepared at 01:55 am has been
described as 'in front of the house of the deceased'. The Trial
Court, therefore, has reached a conclusion that the dead body of
the deceased was found by the police in front of the house of the
deceased and not in the hospital and from the house of the
informant/deceased, the dead body of the deceased was sent to
the hospital for postmortem examination to Sadar Hospital.
13. The Trial Court has, thus, recorded a finding that
the dead body was found by the Sub-Inspector, Firoz Alam in
front of the house of the deceased and after preparing the inquest
report at 01:55 am, disbelieving contrary evidence of P.W.-2,
according to whom, the inquest report was prepared in the
hospital.
14. Significantly, P.W.-3, in his evidence in paragraph
33 deposed that he had given a written report to the police. After
the said written report was submitted, his statement was not
recorded by the police under Section 161 of the Cr.P.C..
Section 161 of the Cr.P.C. reads as under:
"161. Examination of witnesses by police.--
(1) Any police officer making an investigation
under this Chapter, or any police officer not below such
rank as the State Government may, by general or special
order, prescribe in this behalf, acting on the requisition of
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such officer, may examine orally any person supposed to
be acquainted with the facts and circumstances of the
case.
(2) Such person shall be bound to answer
truly all questions relating to such case put to him by
such officer, other than questions the answers to which
would have a tendency to expose him to a criminal
charge or to a penalty or forfeiture.
(3) The police officer may reduce into writing
any statement made to him in the course of an
examination under this section; and if he does so, he
shall make a separate and true record of the statement of
each such person whose statement he records.
[Provided that statement made under this
sub-section may also be recorded by audio-video
electronic means:]
[Provided further that the statement of a
woman against whom an offence under section 354,
section 354A, section 354B, section 354C, section 354D,
section 376, section 376A section 376B, section 376C,
section 376D, section 376E or section 509 of the Indian
Penal Code (45 of 1860) is alleged to have been
committed or attempted shall be recorded, by a woman
police officer or any woman officer.]"
(emphasis added)
15. The Trial Court after having noticed this aspect of
submission of written report to the police by P.W.-3, has held that
P.W.-3 was deposing before the Trial Court for the first time
without having been examined under Section 161 of the Cr.P.C..
16. Mr. Ranjeet Kumar, learned counsel appearing on
behalf of the appellant has submitted that P.W.-3 is a witness of
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the written report filed by P.W.-4 which is the basis for
registration of F.I.R.. P.W.-3 and P.W.-4 have fully supported the
case of the prosecution in their statement recorded under Section
164 of the Cr.P.C.. Further, they proved the case against the
respondents by oral evidence before the Trial Court. The medical
evidence of the Doctor corroborates the oral evidence of P.Ws 3
and 4. On analysis of evidence of eye witnesses, P.Ws 3 and 4,
evidence of the Doctor (P.W.-5) and postmortem report, it is
amply clear that the deceased was shot at by the respondent No. 2
leading to fire arm injuries sustained by the deceased and his
subsequent death stands established beyond all reasonable doubt
and, therefore, the finding of acquittal recorded by the Trial Court
is unsustainable.
17. Mr. Y.V. Giri, learned Senior Counsel appearing on
behalf of the private respondents, on the other hand, has
submitted that the Trial Court has rightly noticed the
inconsistencies in the evidence of the prosecution witnesses,
particularly that of P.Ws- 3 and 4 and has rightly given the
respondents benefit of doubt. He has submitted that non-
examination of the eye witnesses present nearby the alleged place
of occurrence, which the informant claims to be situated in a
densely populated area casts a serious doubt and the Trial Court's
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finding cannot be said to be suffering from any legal infirmity.
He has argued that recording of fardbayan next day, which is the
basis for registration of F.I.R. when the occurrence had taken
place at a place only one kilometre away from the police station
indicates concoction of a false story and false implication of the
respondents because of pending disputes between respondents
and the informant's family.
18. We have carefully perused the impugned judgment
of the trial court and the LCR which had been called for. We have
given our anxious consideration to the rival submissions made on
behalf of the parties.
19. Based on the disclosure made by the informant
(P.W.-4) in his written report submitted at 04:30 am on
04.10.2017in respect of the occurrence which is said to have taken place on 03.10.2017 at 8:00 -8:30 pm and the evidence of the prosecution's witnesses 2, 3 and 4, the scenario which emerges is that they claim to have taken the deceased after the occurrence to the Sadar Hospital, Purnea where he was declared dead. From Sadar Hospital, Purnea, according to them, the deceased was taken to Hope Hospital, as deposed at the trial by P.W.-3 and P.W.-4, and since there also the deceased was declared dead, they returned home. P.W.-4, in his evidence has deposed Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.1228 of 2019 dt. 12-08-2022 13/15 that when he and P.W.-3 returned from hospitals with the dead body, the police team had already come at their residence and inquiries were going on. His testimony is inconsistent with that of P.W.-2 who deposed that police officer had reached the hospital and inquest report was prepared in the hospital itself. P.W.-6, the first investigating officer deposed in his evidence that the inquest report was prepared on 04.10.2017 at 1:55 am and he could not explain the circumstance in which the belated time of receipt of the information in the F.I.R. has been mentioned as 4:30 am. The second investigating officer (P.W.-7) in his evidence has deposed that after preparation of inquest report at 1:55 am, it was sent to the Sadar Hospital. Other than the deposition of P.Ws 3 and 4, there is no evidence on record to support the case of the informant that deceased was taken to two hospitals before the dead body was brought back to their residence. P.Ws 2 and 4 are full brothers of the deceased. Contradictions in the evidence of the witnesses and the case of the prosecution as disclosed in the F.I.R., as have been noticed by the Trial Court for recording acquittal, for giving the respondents 2 and 3 benefit of doubt. The contradictions/inconsistencies in the evidence cannot be termed as minor.
20. It is well settled that if the view of the Trial Court, Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.1228 of 2019 dt. 12-08-2022 14/15 recording acquittal is found to be reasonable, such view should not be interdicted. In our view, in the present case, the acquittal is a possible view.
21. It would be apt to notice the Supreme Court's decision rendered in case of Hakeem Khan v. State of M.P. reported in (2017) 5 SCC 719 paragraph 9 of which read thus:-
"9. Having heard the learned counsel for the parties, we are of the view that the trial court's judgment is more than just a possible view for arriving at the conclusion of acquittal, and that it would not be safe to convict seventeen persons accused of the crime of murder i.e. under Section 302 read with Section 149 of the Penal Code. ..........."
22. The said decision in the case of Hakeem Khan (supra) has been relied by the Supreme Court in the case of N. Vijayakumar v. State of T.N. reported in (2021) 3 SCC 687. In case of N. Vijayakumar (supra), the Supreme Court has held that an appellate court, while dealing with the appeal against judgment of acquittal recorded by the Trial Court, must bear in mind that there is double presumption in favour of the accused. Firstly, the presumption of innocence is available to him under fundamental principle of criminal jurisprudence that every person shall be presumed to be innocent unless he is proved guilty by a competent court of law. Secondly, the accused having secured his acquittal, presumption of his innocence is further reenforced, Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.1228 of 2019 dt. 12-08-2022 15/15 reaffirmed and strengthened by the Trial Court. In a recent decision in the case of Ravi Sharma v. State (NCT of Delhi) reported in 2022 SCC OnLine SC 859, the Supreme Court has noted with approval, the decision in case of N. Vijayakumar (supra).
23. In our view, on complete analysis of all the facts and circumstance noted hereinabove, the finding of acquittal recorded by the Court below by giving respondents No. 2 and 3 benefit of doubt cannot be said to be suffering from such legal infirmity, as would require this Court to interfere with the same. The view of Court below appears to be reasonable and not unfounded.
24. We do not find any merit in this appeal, which is accordingly dismissed.
(Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J) I agree Khatim Reza, J:
( Khatim Reza, J) K.K.RAO/-
AFR/NAFR N/A CAV DATE 04.08.2022 Uploading Date 22.08.2022 Transmission Date 22.08.2022