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Bangalore District Court

However The Presumptions Are ... vs Can Rebut The Presumptions By Raising ... on 14 March, 2023

                                    1             C.C.No.30187/2019



KABC030936302019




                             Presented on : 26-12-2019
                             Registered on : 26-12-2019
                             Decided on : 14-03-2023
                             Duration      : 3 years, 2 months, 19 days


  IN THE COURT OF THE XV ADDL CHIEF METROPOLITAN
           MAGISTRATE AT BANGALORE CITY

            Dated this the 14th day of March, 2023

          Present: Lokesh Dhanapal Havale, B.A.LL.B
                   XV Addl.C.M.M., Bengaluru.

            Judgment U/s.355 of the Cr.P.C. 1973.


1.Sl.No.of the case                C.C.No.30187/2019


2.Name of the Complainant:         Sri. H.R Virupaksha,
                                   S/o Sri. Rangappa,
                                   Aged about 33 years,
                                   R/at No.814, 5th cross,
                                   New MICO Main Road,
                                   Bengaluru- 560 100.


3.Name of the accused:             1.   M/s    Soundharya     Beauty
                                   Parlour,
                                   No.512, 60 feet road,
                                   6th Main Road,
                                   A Block, AECS Layout,
                                   Near Kalanikethan School,
                                   Kudlu, Bangalore- 560 068.
                                         2        C.C.No.30187/2019

                                    By its Proprietrix
                                    Smt. M. Saraswathi.

                                    2. Smt. M. Saraswathi
                                    W/o Nanjappa,
                                    Aged about 33 years,
                                    No.Shivam Fabrication
                                    No.32/3, Somasundrapalya
                                    Extension, near KCDC,
                                    Opp: Zee School,
                                    Bengaluru- 560 102.

4.The offence complained of :       U/s.138 of Negotiable Instruments
                                    Act.

5.Plea of the accused:              Pleaded not guilty.

6.Final Order:                      Acting U/s.255(1) Cr.P.C., accused
                                    No.1 represented by its proprietrix
                                    accused No.2 is Convicted

7.Date of final Order               14th day of March 2023



                                * * *


    This complaint is filed U/Sec.200 of Cr.P.C. against the
accused for the offence punishable U/Sec.138 of the Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881.


    2. The facts of the complaint in brief are as under:


    The complainant is working in a private company and accused
is running a beauty parlour, also doing chit business & such other
money transactions. They are known to each other from past six
years. On 10.8.2016 the accused have approached the complainant
                                        3           C.C.No.30187/2019

for a sum of Rs.2,00,000/- to develop her beauty parlour and also
to repay the chit amount to chit holder/bidder. The complainant
paid Rs.2,00,000/- by way of cash on 12.08.2016 and accused has
acknowledged for receipt of the said amount. Subsequently on
further demand made by accused with the complainant paid
further amount of Rs.1,51,000/- to accused by way of cash on
20.10.2016 and acknowledge for receipt of the said amount. Thus
accused received a total loan amount of Rs.3,51,000/-. The
accused assured the complainant that she will repay the same
within two years. On completion of two years, the complainant
requested the accused during first week of August 2019 to repay
the said loan amount. In order to discharge her legal debt she has
issued   a   cheque   bearing    No.000060     dated   18.10.2019      for
Rs.3,51,000/-   drawn   on      HDFC   Bank,   HSR     Layout   branch,
Bengaluru. On presentation of the cheque for encashment, it was
returned dishonored with     endorsement "Funds Insufficient" vide
endorsement dated 19.10.2018. The complainant issued legal notice
dated 13.11.2019 to the accused calling upon them to repay the
amount of cheque. The notice sent through RPAD was returned on
16.11.2019 and 20.11.2019. The accused has failed to repay the
amount within 15 days from the said date and thereby committed
an offence punishable U/s.138 of the N.I.Act.


    3.       After the institution of the complaint, the cognizance
was taken and it has been registered as PCR No.15258/2019. The
sworn statement of the complainant has been recorded and on the
basis of sworn statement and other materials on hand, the criminal
case has been registered against the accused No.1 and 2 and
                                           4               C.C.No.30187/2019

summons was issued to them. Accused No.1 is proprietor ship
concern and accused No.2 is proprietrix. In response to the service
of summons, the accused No.2 appeared through her learned
counsel and got enlarged on bail. The prosecution papers were
supplied to the accused No.2 and the substance of the accusation
was read over and explained to the accused No.2 in Kannada. She
pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.


    4.      During trial the complainant examined himself as PW-1
and got marked Ex.P1 to P7. The statement of the accused U/s.313
of Cr.P.C. is not recorded. The accused did not lead defence
evidence.


    5.      Heard     the   counsel   for     the   complainant        and   the
arguments on the side of the accused was taken as nil. On perusal
of the entire materials on record, the points that arise for my
consideration are as under;


            1. Whether the complainant proves that the
            accused    issued    cheque       bearing    No.000060
            dated     18.10.2019      for      an       amount    of
            Rs.3,51,000/- drawn on HDFC Bank, HSR
            Layout     branch,     Bengaluru        towards      the
            discharge of legally enforceable debt/ liability
            and on its      presentation for encashment, it
            was     dishonored with an endorsement "Funds
            Insufficient" and the accused has not paid the
            amount even after 15 days from the date of
                                        5           C.C.No.30187/2019

             service of legal notice sent through RPAD on
             13.11.2019, and thereby accused committed
             an offence punishable U/Sec.138 of N.I. Act,
             1881?


             2.    Whether     the    accused    rebuts    the
             presumption U/s.139 of the N.I.Act?


              3. What order?


    6.     My answers on the above points for consideration are as
under.
              Point No.1 : In the Affirmative
              Point No.2 : In the Negative
              Point No.3 : As per final order for the following;


                               REASONS


      7.      Point No.1and 2 :- The points are taken together for
the common discussion to avoid repetition of facts and evidence. It
is necessary to discus the provisions U/s. 118(a) and 139 of the
Act., 1881 at this stage.


              "118. Presumptions as to negotiable
              instruments.   - Until the contrary is
              proved, the following presumptions shall
              be made:-
                                            6                 C.C.No.30187/2019

                   (a) of consideration - that every
             negotiable instrument was made or drawn
             for consideration, and that every such
             instrument, when it has been accepted,
             indorsed, negotiated or transferred, was
             accepted,         indorsed,        negotiated        or
             transferred for consideration;"


              "139.           Presumption       in   favour       of
            holder.- It shall be presumed, unless the
            contrary is proved, that the holder of a
            cheque received the cheque of the nature
            referred     to     in   section     138   for     the
            discharge, in whole or in part, of any
            debt or other liability."


      8.    On plain perusal of the provision U/s. 118(a) and 139
of the N.I.Act., it can be seen that initially the presumptions
constituted under these two provisions are in favour of the
complainant. However the presumptions are rebuttable and it is
open to an accused to raise a defence to rebut the statutory
presumptions. An accused can raise a defence, wherein the
existence of legally enforceable debt or liability can be contested.


      9.    It is also well established that an accused need not
examine himself for discharging the burden of proof placed upon
him under a statute. He may discharge his burden on the basis of
the   materials   already      brought     on    record.     An        accused   has
                                              7             C.C.No.30187/2019

constitutional rights to remain silent. Standard of proof on part of
the accused and that of the prosecution in a Criminal Case is
different.        The prosecution must prove the guilt of an accused
beyond all reasonable doubts, the standard of proof so as to prove
a defence on the part of an accused is preponderance of
probabilities.


     10.          Under the light of position of the law, I have perused
the complaint and the evidence placed on record. The complainant
examining himself as PW-1 and he got marked Ex.P1 to P7. PW-1
filed his evidence affidavit on oath and reiterated the complaint
averments.         Ex.P1   is   the    cheque    bearing     No.000060    dated
18.10.2019 for Rs.3,51,000/- drawn on HDFC Bank, HSR Layout
banch, Bengaluru issued in favour of the complainant. Ex.P1(a) is
the signature of the accused. Ex.P2 is the Bank endorsement dated
19.10.2019 with shara "Funds Insufficient". Ex.P3 is the office
copy of Legal Notice dated 13.11.2019 issued by the complainant
to the accused demanding repayment of the cheque amount. Ex.P4
& 5 are the 2 postal receipts for having sent the legal notice to
the accused. Ex.P6 & 7 are the 2 postal envelopes which are
returned with shara 'left address and insufficient address' on
16.11.2019 and 20.11.2019.


     11.          On perusal of the documents, it is clear that the
cheque       at    Ex.P1   bearing     No.000060     dated     18.10.2019      for
Rs.3,51,000/-        drawn      on    HDFC   Bank,   HSR      Layout     branch,
Bengaluru issued in favour of the complainant was presented for
encashment within the validity. The Bank Memo dated 19.10.2019
                                        8            C.C.No.30187/2019

at   Ex.P2   was   issued   with   shara   "Funds   Insufficient".   The
complainant issued statutory legal notice to the accused on
13.11.2019 as per Ex.P3, which is well within the time from the
date of receipt of dishonor memo. The notice was issued by the
complainant through RPAD was returned with shara 'Left address'
and 'insufficient address' on 16.11.2019 and 20.11.2019. The
notice is sent through RPAD. In the case of C.C. Alavi Haji v.
Palapetty Muhammed reported in (2007) 6 SCC 555, the
Hon'ble Supreme Court held that when the notice is sent by
registered post by correctly addressing the drawer of the cheque,
the mandatory requirement of issue of notice in terms of clause
(b) of proviso to Section 138 of the Act stands complied with. It is
needless to emphasise that the complaint must contain basic facts
regarding the mode and manner of the issuance of notice to the
drawer of the cheque. In the case of N. Parameswaran Unni v.
G. Kannan reported in (2017) 5 SCC 737 the Hon'ble Supreme
Court held that it is clear from Section 27 of the General Clauses
Act, 1897 and Section 114 of the Evidence Act, 1872 that once
notice is sent by registered post by correctly addressing to the
drawer of the cheque, the service of notice is deemed to have
been effected. However, the drawer is at liberty to rebut this
presumption. Therefore the notice issued to the accused is deemed
to have been served and the burden is on the accused to show
that the address mentioned in the notice is not the correct
address. The issuance of the cheque and the signatures on the
cheque at ExP.1 are not disputed. Therefore, the documents on
record clearly show that the complainant has complied the
ingredients of Section 138(a) to (c) of the N.I.Act. Therefore the
                                     9           C.C.No.30187/2019

presumptions U/s.118 and 139 of the N.I.Act arise in favour of the
complainant. The presumptions are rebuttable and the burden is
on the accused to rebut the presumptions. The presumption is that
the cheque was issued for legally enforceable debt/ liability. The
accused can rebut the presumptions by raising probable defences
and proving it relying on the evidence of the complainant or by
leading her direct evidence.


    12.     The plea of the accused No.2 was recorded on
13.06.2022. The case was posted for cross examination of PW.1 on
29.06.2022. The accused failed to appear and cross examine PW.1
even though sufficient opportunities are given. The accused was
not secured even though the NBW was issued and reissued.
Therefore cross examination was taken as nil on 23.02.2023. The
accused did not appear before the Court to proceed with the case.
Hence the statement of the accused U/s.313 of Cr.P.C could not be
recorded. As per the Hon'ble High Court of Karnataka in Crl.
Revision Petition No.437/2010 in the case of R.V.Kulkarni Vs.
Dakshina Murthy vide Judgment dated 28.06.2012, wherein it
was held that it was for the accused to appear before the Court
and to have defended himself effectively and to make himself
available for the Court to record the statement U/s.313 of Cr.PC.
In the said case the complainant preferred the revision before the
Hon'ble High Court challenging the order of the First Appellate
Court in remanding the matter for fresh trial for non recording of
the statement of the accused U/s.313 of Cr.P.C. The Hon'ble High
Court of Karnataka observed that there is no justification of the
Appellate Court for having held that there is failure of justice on
                                      10           C.C.No.30187/2019

account of statement of the accused not having been recorded
U/s.313 of Cr.P.C. The Hon'ble High Court of Karnataka also
discussed settled law in respect of statement of accused U/s.313 of
Cr.P.C by referring to the decision of three judge bench of Hon'ble
Supreme Court in the case of Basavaraj R.Patil Vs.State of
Karnataka reported in (2000) 8 SCC 740. It is clear from the
above decision that it is the duty of the accused to appear before
the Court and make available himself for recording of statement
U/s.313 of Cr.P.C. and to lead defence evidence. The accused
failed to utilize the opportunity by remaining absent. Therefore the
statement of the accused U/s.313 of Cr.PC was not recorded and
the defence evidence is taken as nil. The order sheet shows the
conduct of the accused in delaying the proceedings. Further the
Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in the case of Sumeti v/s
M/s    Paramount      Tech    Fab    Industries    in    Crl.Appeal
No.292/2021 arising out of SLP(Crl) No.8498 of 2019 decided
on 9.3.2021 held that a statement of the accused recorded
u/sec.313 of Cr.P.C is not a substantive evidence of defence but
only on opportunity to the accused to explain the incriminating
circumstances appearing in the prosecution case of the accused. It
was also observed that if there is no evidence in support of his
defence either to disprove or to rebut the presumption under
sec.139 of the Act, the statement recorded under sec.313 of Cr.P.C
pleading false implication and innocence does not come to the aid
of the accused as it is not a substantive evidence. Further it is
settled principle that the accused must show prejudice caused to
him due to the non recording of statement u/sec.313 of Cr.P.C. If
no prejudice is pleaded and proved to the satisfaction of Court for
                                       11           C.C.No.30187/2019

non recording of statement u/sec.313 of Cr.P.C there would be no
violation of salutary principle of natural justice as enshrined in the
maxim "audi alteram partem". No doubt it is well settled that a
circumstance about which the accused was not asked to explain
can not be used against him. But certainly it can be distinguished
under the peculiar facts and circumstances of a particular case. In
the case on hand, it is clear that the accused attempted to misuse
the process of the Court and abandoned the proceedings. Though
the matter is pertaining to the year 2022, the delaying tactics have
been practiced by the accused. If the same are entertained, it
would defeat the proceedings instituted by the complainant.
Therefore in the opinion of this Court, the non recording of the
statement u/sec.313 of Cr.P.C would not vitiate the proceedings
unless prejudice is shown by the accused. The scope and object of
Sec.313 of Cr.P.C is explained in catena of decisions and in view
of that no injustice caused to the accused for not having recorded
his statement u/sec.313 of Cr.PC.


      13.   Further as per the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme
Court of India in the case of Md. Sukur Ali v/s State of
Assam in Crl. Appeal No.546/2011 dated 24.2.2011, wherein it
was held that if the criminal case whether a trial or appeal or
revision is decided against accused in the absence of counsel there
will be violation of Article 21 of the Constitution . However this
Court is of the opinion that as the accused has the right to fair
trial, he is also under the duty or obligation to promptly appear
before the Court and contest the case. As per the law of
jurisprudence, there is always duty or obligation corresponding to
                                            12             C.C.No.30187/2019

the right. The accused remaining absent for the years together at
his peril and therefore he can not be expected to claim the right.
Further the judgment in the case of Md. Sukur Ali (supra) can be
distinguished on the basis of the facts of the present case. The
facts of the said case are that the Crl. Appeal No.137 of 2003 was
decided by the Hon'ble Gauhati High Court on 1.6.2010 in the
absence   of   the   counsel   for   the        Appellant-accused   and   the
conviction was upheld. The question before the Hon'ble Supreme
Court was that whether in a criminal case, if the counsel for the
accused does not appear, for whatever reason, should the case be
decided in the absence of the counsel against the accused, or the
Court should appoint an amicus curie to defend the accused.
Usually in appeal or revision, there is no question of recoding of
evidence of the parties. The counsels appearing for the parties
canvass the arguments on behalf of their parties assisting the Court
about the correct position of law and the error committed by the
Trial Court or Appellate Court as the case may be. However that
is not the case when it comes to a trial. The parties have to
personally appear before the Court and lead evidence and the
complainant has only benefit of recording the evidence through
GPA/SPA holder. In a case where the accused himself is not
appearing and because of instructions being not given or for any
other reason, the counsel is also not appearing, if the Amicus
Curie is appointed by the Court to defend the accused, he could
not proceed with the case without there being any instructions of
the accused and knowledge of the facts/the defence of the accused.
If the Amicus Curie is unaware of the defence of the accused
under the facts of a particular case, he is unable to proceed with
                                      13           C.C.No.30187/2019

the case in effective manner. If the accused himself is not
appearing, there is no question of leading the defence evidence.
Further at a later stage, the accused may appear and if at all
something went against him in his absence, he might challenge it.
If the counsel for the accused appear at a later stage, he might
also challenge it. Therefore with due respect to the judgment of
the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Md. Sukur Ali (supra)
this Court is of the opinion that under the circumstances as
elaborated herein above the appointment of Amicus Curie in trial
is not feasible. Further the proceedings under the N.I Act are quasi
civil in nature and the object of the N.I Act is to bring back the
credibility of Negotiable Instrument which were loosing their
credibility because of lack of responsibility on the part of the
drawer and to inculcate faith in the efficacy of banking operations
in transacting business on Negotiable Instrument in general to
bring the erring drawer to book, so that such irresponsibility is
not perpetuated, to protect the honest drawer and to safeguard the
payee who is almost a looser. Such being the case, if the accused
is allowed to abuse the process of the Court, the object of the Act
would be defeated. Further in the case of K.S Panduranga v/s
State of Karnataka, reported in 2013(3) SCC 721 the Hon'ble
Supreme Court held that, "regard being had to the principles
pertaining to binding precedent, there is no trace of doubt that
the principle laid down in Md. Sukar Ali (Supra) by the learned
judges that the Court should not decide a criminal case in the
absence of counsel of the accused as an accused in a criminal case
should not suffered for the fault of his counsel and the Court
should, in such a situation must appoint another counsel as
                                      14           C.C.No.30187/2019

amicus curie to defend the accused and further if the counsel does
no appear deliberately, even then the Court should not decide the
appeal on merit is not in accordance with the pronouncement by
larger bench in Bani Singh." The Hon'ble Court further held that
in view of the aforesaid annunciation of law, it can safely be
concluded that the dictum in Md. Sukur Ali (Supra) to the effect
that the Court can not decide a criminal appeal in the absence of
counsel for the accused and that too if the counsel does not
appear deliberately or shows negligence in appearing, being
contrary to the ratio laid down by the larger bench in Bani Singh
(Supra) is per in curium. Furthermore the transaction alleged in
the case is hand loan transaction between the parties and the
accused 2 is not in judicial custody. Under such circumstances the
question of appointing counsel for the accused at the cost of state
may not arise at all. Hence, in view of the law laid down in the
case of K.S Panduranga (Supra), the case is proceeded on merits.


    14.   The accused No.2 failed to cross examine PW1 and she
did not lead any defence evidence. Further the order sheet shows
the conduct of the accused No.2 in delaying the proceedings. If at
all the accused No.2 had no liability towards the complainant as
alleged in the complaint and if at all the accused No.2 had not
issued the cheque in question for the said liability, she would have
promptly proceeded with the case and also she would have lead
defence evidence by taking the probable defences and proving the
same by leading cogent evidence. The same has not been done.
She had not taken any action against the complainant for misuse
                                      15           C.C.No.30187/2019

of cheque. Therefore there is nothing on record to disbelieve the
case of complainant.


    15.    The cheque and signatures on the cheque at ExP.1 are
not disputed. It attracts the ratio laid down by the Hon'ble
Supreme Court of India in its decisions reported in 2011 (11) SCC
- 441 - Rangappa V/s.Sri.Mohan and SCC 2015 (8) Page No.378 -
T.Vasanthakumar   V/s.Vijayakumari    and   the   recent   Judgment
delivered in Crl. Appeal No.508/2019 - Rohit Bhai Jeevanlal Patel
V/s.State of Gujarath and another. The ratio is that the cheque
shall be presumed to be for consideration unless and until the
court forms a belief that the consideration does not exist or
considers the non-existence of consideration was tenable that a
prudent man would under no circumstances act upon the plea that
the consideration does not exist. On perusal of Ex.P1, it clearly
show that the signature and the contents are written in same ink.
Further as per Section 20 of the N.I.Act, if the person signs and
delivers Negotiable Instrument and it is left incomplete and
thereby he authorizes the holder to complete the Negotiable
Instrument and thereby he is liable for the amount mentioned in
the Negotiable Instrument. In the Judgment rendered by the
Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in Bir Singh V/s.Mukesh
Kumar reported in AIR 2019 SC 2446, it was held by the
Hon'ble Apex Court that "If a signed blank cheque is voluntarily
presented to a payee, towards some payment, the payee may fill
up the amount and other particulars. This in itself would not
invalidate the cheque. The onus would still be on the accused to
prove that the cheque was not in discharge of a debt or liability
                                           16               C.C.No.30187/2019

by adducing evidence. Even a blank cheque leaf, voluntarily
singed and handed over by the accused, which is towards some
payment, would attract presumption under Section 139 of the
Negotiable Instruments Act, in the absence of any cogent evidence
to show that the cheques was not issued in discharge of a debt."
Therefore there is nothing on record to disbelieve the case of the
complainant.


      16.    The Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in the case of
Rangappa Vs. Mohan reported in 2011 (11) SCC 441 held as
under;


      The presumption mandated by Section 139 of N.I.Act
      does     indeed     include   the     existence      of   legally
      enforceable       debt   or   liability.   It   is    rebuttable
      presumption and it is open to the accused to raise a
      defence wherein the existence of legally enforceable
      debt or liability can be contested. However there can
      be no doubt that there is an initial presumption which
      favours the complainant. Section 139 of the Act is an
      example of reverse onus clause that has been included
      in furtherance of the legislative objective of improving
      the credibility of negotiable instruments.


    Therefore the as per the presumption U/s139 of N.I.Act,
if the cheque and signature are admitted then it shall be
presumed that there is legally enforceable debt.
                                    17           C.C.No.30187/2019

     17.   The Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in its latest case
of M/s. Kalamani Tex v. P. Balasubramanian reported in 2021
SCC OnLine SC 75 observed at para No.14 to 16 as under:-


     14.   Adverting to the case in hand, we find on a
     plain reading of its Judgment that the trial Court
     completely overlooked the provisions and failed to
     appreciate the statutory presumption drawn under
     Section 118 and Section 139 of NIA. The Statute
     mandates that once the signature(s) of an accused on
     the cheque/negotiable instrument are established, then
     these 'reverse onus' clauses become operative. In such
     a situation, the obligation shifts upon the accused to
     discharge the presumption imposed upon him. This
     point of law has been crystalized by this Court in
     Rohitbhai Jivanlal Patel Vs. State of Gujarat, (2019) 18
     SCC 106 in the following words:


           "In the case at hand, even after purportedly
     drawing the presumption under Section 139 of the NI
     Act, the trial Court proceeded to question the want of
     evidence on the part of the complainant as regards
     the source of funds for advancing loan to the accused
     and want of examination of relevant witnesses who
     allegedly extended him money for advancing it to the
     accused. This approach of the Trial Court had been at
     variance with the principles of presumption in law.
     After such presumption, the onus shifted to the
                                      18               C.C.No.30187/2019

accused and unless the accused had discharged the
onus      by   bringing       on   record   such      facts   and
circumstances      as    to   show   the    preponderance       of
probabilities tilting in his favour, any doubt on the
complainant's case could not have been raised for
want of evidence regarding the source of funds for
advancing loan to the appellant-accused....."


         15.   Once the 2nd Appellant had admitted his
signatures on the cheque and the Deed, the trial
Court ought to have presumed that the cheque was
issued as consideration for a legally enforceable debt.
The trial Court fell in error when it called upon the
Complainant-Respondent to explain the circumstances
under which the appellants were liable to pay. Such
approach of the Trial Court was directly in the teeth
of the established legal position as discussed above,
and amounts to a patent error of law.


         16.   No doubt, and as correctly argued by
senior Counsel for the appellants, the presumptions
raised     under   Section     118   and    Section     139   are
rebuttable in nature. As held in M.S.Narayana Menon
Vs. State of Kerala, (2006) 6 SCC 39, which was
relied upon in Basalingappa (supra), a probable
defence needs to be raised, which must meet the
standard of "preponderance of probability", and not
mere possibility.       These principles were also affirmed
                                           19            C.C.No.30187/2019

      in the case of Kumar Exports (supra), wherein it was
      further   held    that   a   bare   denial   of   passing   of
      consideration would not aid the case of accused.


    Therefore it is clear from the above judgments that the
accused has to raise a probable defence and prove it by adducing
evidence, which must meet the standard of preponderance of
probabilities. Unless the same has been done, doubt can not be
raised on the case of the complainant.


    18.     On perusal of the evidence, the Court has raised
presumption U/s.139 of N.I.Act in favour of the complainant as
the complainant has complied all the ingredients of 138 of N.I.Act.
The presumption would operate in favour of the complainant
unless the contrary is proved. The onus is on the accused No.2 to
prove her defence and rebut the presumption. The accused No.2
has not taken specific defence. If at all the cheque in question was
misused by the complainant, then the accused No.2 would have
taken legal action against the complainant which has not been
done. The accused appeared before the court and she is having the
knowledge of the proceedings at all times. Therefore the overall
evidence on record gave the impression that the accused No.2
issued the cheque of accused No.1 in favour of the complainant in
respect of the transaction as averred in the complaint.



      19.   For   the    reasons    mentioned      herein   above,     it   is
crystallized that the accused No.2 has utterly failed to prove that
there was no existence of legally enforceable debt/liability between
                                                  20                 C.C.No.30187/2019

her and the complainant and she has not at all issued the instant
cheque towards the discharge of legally enforceable debt. On the
other hand, the complainant has proved that the accused issued
the cheque for the legally enforceable debt; the cheque is
dishonored due to the reason 'Funds Insufficient' and the notice
issued        by    her   was     returned    with    shara       'left   address'   and
'insufficient address' which is deemed service of notice. The
complainant proved his case beyond reasonable doubt. The accused
No.2 failed to rebut the statutory presumptions U/s.118(a) & (b)
and 139 of the N.I.Act.              Accordingly the accused is found guilty
for the offence punishable U/s.138 of the N.I.Act. Hence, I proceed
to answer the Point No.1 in Affirmative and Point No.2 in the
Negative.


    20.            Point No.3 : In view of the reasons assigned in Point
No.1 and 2, I proceed to pass the following:-


                                          ORDER

As per the provisions of Sec.255(2) Cr.P.C. the accused No.1 represented by accused No.2 is hereby convicted for the offence punishable u/s.138 of NI Act, 1881 and sentenced to pay fine Rs.3,65,000/- (Rupees Three Lakh Sixty Five Thousand Only). On deposit of fine amount, the complainant is entitled for compensation of Rs.3,60,000/- (Rupees Three Lakh Sixty Thousand Only). The remaining balance amount of Rs.5,000/- is to be forfeited to the State.

21 C.C.No.30187/2019

In default of payment of the fine amount accused No.2 shall undergo simple imprisonment for two months.

The personal bond executed by the accused No.2 is hereby stands cancelled and cash surety of Rs.2,000/- furnished by the accused No.2 shall be refunded to her after expiry of appeal period.

The copy of the judgment shall be furnished to the accused No.2 at free of cost.

(Dictated to the Stenographer, transcript thereof is computerized and printout taken by him, is verified and then pronounced by me in Open Court on this the 14th day of March-2023.) (Lokesh Dhanapal Havale) XV Addl. CMM., Bangalore.

22 C.C.No.30187/2019

ANNEXURE Witnesses examined for the Complainant:-

PW.1 : Sri.H.R Virupaksha Documents marked for the Complainant:-

     Ex.P1            : Cheque
     Ex.P1(a)         : Signature of the accused
     Ex.P2            : Bank Memo
     Ex.P3            : Legal notice
     Ex.P4 & 5        : 2 Postal receipts
     Ex.P6 & 7        : 2 postal envelopes


Witnesses examined For Defence:-

NIL Documents marked for Defence:-
NIL (Lokesh Dhanapal Havale), XV Addl.CMM., Bengaluru.
23 C.C.No.30187/2019
14.03.2023 (Judgment Pronounced in the Open Court Vide Separate Order sheet) ORDER As per the provisions of Sec.255(2) Cr.P.C. the accused No.1 represented by accused No.2 is hereby convicted for the offence punishable u/s.138 of NI Act, 1881 and sentenced to pay fine Rs.3,65,000/- (Rupees Three Lakh Sixty Five Thousand Only). On deposit of fine amount, the complainant is entitled for compensation of Rs.3,60,000/-

(Rupees Three Lakh Sixty Thousand Only). The 24 C.C.No.30187/2019 remaining balance amount of Rs.5,000/- is to be forfeited to the State.

In default of payment of the fine amount accused No.2 shall undergo simple imprisonment for two months.

The personal bond executed by the accused No.2 is hereby stands cancelled and cash surety of Rs.2,000/- furnished by the accused No.2 shall be refunded to her after expiry of appeal period.

The copy of the judgment shall be furnished to the accused No.2 at free of cost.

XV Addl.CMM., Bengaluru.