Effect Of Nomiation Under Section 39 Insurance Act, 1938

[Cites 6, Cited by 0]

Law Commission Report

Effect Of Nomiation Under Section 39 Insurance Act, 1938

 

January, 1900.



t,T\l3t'.CC  0 VI 

"IV 
2nd Fnbrucry. 18¢

My dear Mini ate:-.

T an herowith tbrvardtng the Eighty-Socoaﬁ Ripe!
or the Law couicoion atrussgng tbs urgont nnoonaity ox
amendmcntn in aorﬁutn respects or section 39 of the
Insurance' Act. 1938.

who 3:2-1m:-y concern or this Report tnvolvu the
question of tho right: at the nllnno. Heirs, creditor:
logutooo tin. of the inourod, in the money secured by
policy at 11th insurnnna after it in paid by the innate
to the nominea. The rsievant sub-section in nub-uootio
*6) of auction 39. "his sub-auction says:

"(6) more the noun" or. 1! than are sort
noninou than mo. n nouinu or nouns" ourviv
ﬁne porno» whose 11:1 13 innuroé. tbs-amount
secured by the policy anal: be payable to such
survivor or aux-vtvors."

mutually this don not gravid: what»! on tho annoy
B3153 pI.1¢ to the nominee ht Moon" the bomttcinl
owner thereof, or inmtlwr twenty for» part of thl «tit:
01' the insured person so that MI mire, aroditorl.
lupus: :11 have claims on the annoy. 'thin 1:: banana:
the 919100': or tip nub-station 1: to enntao mo maria
to obtain a. good and and dioohargc attar paynent of
then nanny «mu-ad by the policy ta the uoniuu.

There in no agreement in tho «Incision: J1' tho
-vuribun 9113!: Court: on the «mention vhothor notion 39(l
confer! on than nominee surely that: right to cannot and
reeeivc from the lnaurtr annoy or whother tho nominee
is not merely a recipient of tha money but in ciao the
beneficial tumor than-no-I. I1: is olaurly rmduinblo



-2-

thet there ehould b any unoorteinty in regard to

this nattcr which ie of vital importance not only to
tho insured but also to his heirs, oredieore, legeteee
and nominee .

In oror to reduoe,1: not to e11n1nnte)th1e
uncertainty. tho com1as1on'e reoomnondegion 1a.thet
a new subweeotion should be inserted in auction 39
providing that where the holder or the policy or life
insurance on his own 111a noninatee his geronxe, or
his spouse or his children. or his apouaot and ohilglren
or any of then, the nominee or nonineee ehell he bene-
ficially ent1t1ed to the amount payable by tho insurer
to him or them under sub-action (6). unloea it ie prove
that the holder of the policy having regard to the nature
of his title to the polzoy; could not huge ooterred egy
auoh%bene:1o1e1 title on the nominee. who conteeaon
bee eleo-reoonienﬁcd the 1 ortion of other two sh;
sections in section 39.23; 'rovzazng thet nothzag 1n
the proposed eab~soot1one ehll opiate to destroy or
oepeée the right of any oreditora to b paid out of the
proceeds or any polio: or liie inenrenoe en the other
saying that the provisions, the eddition at which 1:
ingonﬂed. shall apply to all policing of 11:3 ineurenoe
maturing after tho ooeing into force of the Amending Act
Elaborete reason: have been given in the Report in
eupport of the modification: suggested by the aonnieeton

Lastly. the comn1eo1on ie each indebted to
sri P.H;Bekeh1, mother secretary tor help during the
course of the commission': deliberations and in propert-
tion of this Report. sri Vase': eostetenoeen eleo

been valuable. /'V,
with kind rogerdla <§'"j:::§xA&:{w

Shri P.Sh1v sankar. ,//I"
xznaatar of Lev, Juetioe a c.A.. I P. v. 911:! )
Hg? nuns:-1.



nﬁ)-

.6 B B 3.5 K I R

::HA:>*1':~:a 1.. xrmnmm.

68515931 2. PRKs3'z<1ﬁT DRE £35 iitﬁiglﬂ POEHOI.
mama 3. um mm: or sown. mung.
mp ¢ 4; 4. naazsnarzn 

exam: :5. manta an Amman mu.
was-mm 6. nmanmwn.

IIOQICQIOO

KWWMX 335"? LEM' 0!' HANMH! AF)
GEN 'ii f"'-'-"  7  331136 'IRE
%%3I9iI "kﬁﬂlﬁlﬂnlnf
ﬂ"2'!3fI-89' Q Oﬂlilllﬂaﬂ
PKISULGGI.

 



 

some at 1.1. The mbaalt mttar of thia Report wane;-as up

Hm Ram". ~:-inglo notion ~ nation I39 at' the Imurranae mt. 1938,).
much mlatas {:5 3.113 mocée and errogt. of nofnlmtston in
toga:-*1 to a~3.1fe inamrnncs galley. Ulrika em rust of
the Instance an is mainly of u taonniaal astuvo and
'~.I'1l:ﬁ-1'11! acme:-nzs more mo carry on the bnsxnass at '
in ' u' r..:.3, :;hl.»: pert: cular ,ecIt1-an is c£'v1tA11.ntarou£
to every citizen who huts ow: fife inatxraaaa.

Gaﬂvlia ﬁtuiaiau-agthat have arisen in me
iazarprstaninn at the martian and the inhmiaeduuch
seam to male was the pruanﬁ positian, éoaesuuuto
the primry jzuﬁiﬁcatian for taking up this aubjaot,
assay, the nan. affect of a mmuauan ma; 1:: :-egim »
ta a lit: imuama gaolicy.

 1.23'. In brow! gmlml term. at life inmmaxzae
wntraet 1:: an legally anjxramauble agaomat betwom
11110 applinunt tytapondi and the tmwar. hymamt _
the insure? in auarvhneo with the conﬁrms (sauna: %
ha nﬁfmbury roﬁrmmwg if 3'13} ﬁllfilaa the basic

1. ma mt will he» Ancrenttam raft:-rad to 55 the
 .a»w*.

:2.' maps» 3.. mm.
4?  3! 333%..



pram" 3.13:1 -iisetmrgas the insurer nun the oomzrnottnl
oblisatiuzzs.

But sash myment rises mt neoesssarily aluesa I11
legal euntruvcrsdes. mare the izxzmrssei garrsan ham 3
duel'; with the policy in any out of the meiezs of eiotlilﬁ
with 1: as peruttad by .132: - or, am m». as has not
rcaartcd to any at these mﬁas -i more than one party
may, from the 1:91 xa-am: at vzpw, be inwrestezl 1::
'gm t Hr.-y'  to  payable. Ilfiﬁe first
place, were 12;   pagan, new rsapreisentad
13' his list). raprnséuatntiva. Jecarrily, the parsans
antitalwi as the «e:;rtzat.e an intestacy or ahiwrvtlae my
be 3.391}: Lntawoated. Ihirdiy, there are xxeraons in
am tha fight ennfurrnd by the partieular  of
daaltmg it any, arihuptad by than inmmud gxaarson before
I11-a asset... am  f1nI»1J.y, were is the inswar.

Au #4: the 'insurer, payment ems w 121:2 unéinr
the pansy 1:: mat a mat" with vtueh we are new-dud
in the pnsmrzt 36312014}. rim pravmions of tad Insmrame
Act an auppliaabls to human maria M' rxcalim unﬁt um. sum
payable xmedar tixja policy may, ibr cm: purpnsa; be
cranes in amaqnaccly taking 6éi"§*wa£ the mctew frm
the point at new or the imxnrnr. as» are 
aa.maru9«:£'w1th the semzmi anvi tzhir-ii graupss of» partieb
mntztemd shave-

3... mm .3..Ei, mmj.



 aigmnlnt.
or bomﬂts -
Varicus aadsa.

A331 gnzzzaxxt
egﬁﬂaf 3 action
0:3 , Zfnmmncs

% statute law.

was m1£s.p11a1ty or partiis so zamm xaaaa
ta ta: posaiﬂlity 32' wnmut of intawvats amongst
ttmm, arm at rusirs an the part of the Magi suture ha
Maid nah oailtliots as far as ,é3o.-'.=.~::1b1e has ,neea2.-$1-.
hated the %onmLt:sm2t of -'1 set. of provi 510:1?» in the
It 13 ohvleusly dasirablo tﬁat lag-1s--
..21?.i1on «iaaiing with the 1-esgamva rights or the
parties shaalei, tram tins to time, be revieveei, in
:~r'n';-r to 3..2's3-318 it eonfur-5. tn the «hanging naeeiis of

society ..-.n' :-xpect:.:t1ol'J5 at its momshnn.

1.3.
pfopear gwn-sézeetiva, it my be useful to raver to the

mamas': mm of c:.s11ag menu the benefits that man:
33 unﬁt': za urn imsumueo policy.

In draw to aazluraimsact 'tbs wation in its

1.5.
is psratlsﬁblte um:-er :mc1:I.o~n :58 of we xnsamzme act.

In the tirst place, an as$1%n!:. of the paliﬂr
3.

'ﬁnder that antic-n, the insurac! person mi, if he so
PT"-
ﬁaad the statntm-y ﬁormlities are observod, arm: can
assimotwt rates» no 'sorians ymmem. ithavrtﬁta

smigr um pul1r.'.y_:Wlmd tramforreri an the asagnae or

ebasoa, assigl all barmtiw. xmﬁaw the: policy.

aisslmnln. It is not naoasanry that the assimae

mést be tha arsgaowsua 61' a eh.£3,~+i at atlas inmwaé parmn,
altmnw it  usmliy em.
thh amount due 1111-23' the 991133' is man to tan amiman.

an mtmity, payzssnt or

vx.

10  33' x!38\§ﬁ.§C€ A313, 



Declaration
znnlc section
a, $hrr£a* Klo-
-'men' 3 Property
act, 

230 othar person has a right to partiaipane in the
préoeeds under a title purporting to be derived Iran
the insured afﬁsr the assigrmcnzt.

1.5. anomaly, in regard to a pmson wha has or
aontamplates a t'=.-wily, section 6 of the Married Vonunﬁ
Property act, 1374, crates ammo: spacial mud: or
a¢n11ng wiﬁx the beneﬁts to accrue umiar a. policy.
-'In-'39:' that section, the assured can make what my bl
conveniently ealled a ﬁdoclaratien" or trust in {swan
of his wife or otmaren or both. mare time section
is 11121113093, the wire or children or both, as 'am

use may he, become entitled to the baulﬁts undea-

tha policy, without an asstﬁmt of than nature an-n~
tamplatedlby saatian 3 of tha Insurance s.ot.. 'mile
535719 of' iaalzlng with the poliey also need not damn
ﬁoatien 6 of the Ihrrisd 'daemon' 3 Prapwty act

has, an éleubt, crusted curtain questions of zntarpz-e-
tation maid! the Law Gcwmsaslori has already {fault with
in an earlier Report entirely devoted to that hang

313:

Far the present purpose, those: quutioua need not be
gone into.

14» Para 1.041' ﬂmo

2. I-twﬂcnlaission 131' India, 6611!: Report (Etrﬂod
ﬂaunt": Property mt, 1374).



Nomzlmtion
under auction
89 Insurance
mi. Ism.

Problem mt
con: 1 »1 cranium
r-olating to
the affect of
mutation.

1.6. Thir:-ﬂy, anothsoer node of riaalim with tbs

policy or life i.neura.nco is by way of nomirntion under
1

This me'-.eT of dialing

nth the penny, though lass fbrzml than the other two

section 39 of the Insurance Act.

 show, has certain special features; hr
sxample - to rural' to only on important feature of A
nomination - ifitha 'insured person, inning made at
nouimtiang, survives ma mminsee, tho mutation be»
corms 1noffoct1vV~e., The mnmutslan awn sgction 39
can also ha ciefaated by 5 later assigment: at the
policy name under saotion 38 at the Insuraneo Act.

In thca-o respects, a mmimtion may be ragamiod as

a wanker form of dealzlm vgth the policy than the cum.-

tm modes mentioned above.

1.7.
than pt-'ables: wmoh arises is this.
nomination is 'land in form and in substance, and

mi: legal position 15 wall mdératcud, but
Kssuming that an

subsisting ant the time of death of the insured person, L

and further assumng that the manna survives the
insured person, and that the insurer mains psxymantor

A the amount to the naminae, is the ncm1n¢e_¢:;t1t1ed to

retain the nsonoya as paid, or is ha merely an "agent"

1. Fa}: text or section 39, see para 3.1., 1333.
 Pm 1.4. mm.
fﬁ. Para 1.4»aIxS3. 1.5, mam.



of the insurer': person, as has basin 3B3031b~3~'i in some
of the judicial z.'«.ec1s1ons,lno that he znuzct hole! the
money for the benefit of the ostata of the insurmi?

go m: the qnnry in ﬁirtorént scams, 1: than mamas
entitled to regard £25.:-.r,:<.e.>].i' as the "bene.r.'1c1a1 ouzmr"
of the amount paid, or 1:; he merely the mmiml aim!'
of the 'Janey? This Report is aoaaarmd ﬂth tllat
problem, and seeks to examim the present law on the
subjact and to recommend certain amendments wmdh mg):

to be desix-able in the interests of social justice.

1.. Pure 33.4, Lang.



suction ' ,
I.n.su1-um: .-'-at.

 

3.1. The present law as to noaimtion in ream!
to a gsolicy of life insurance and 11:: street: as
conmined in section 39 of tho Insurance Aot, 1938

is as under:

1":-A «

.:;.>. (15 She holds! at a penny of 11 re
instance on his own 11:: may, uhm effecting

' the pélicy or at any time before the pansy
natures far payment, nonnlaate the person or
parraans to whom the many assured by the policy

snail be 73315': in the event of his death:

Provided that, where any nomnee is R mint,

1!: shall be lawful for the 3:011:23? holsigr to
apyaint in the prescribed name: my person ta
raaeivaytne money secured by the policy in tha
event of his death clnrim the minority of the
matinee. '

(*3) Any such mdmtion 1:: artist to 
effuctuael shall, unless it is lrwnrporated 1n
the text: at the policy itself, be made w an
ﬁciorsamant an the goliay aommmoated to the
insurer and 'reg1stare5 by but in the records



"ralrating to the polity and any sunk wuamtien
my at my um? um" uh: pone: awn mu?
payment he mnnalxsd oi' ahmsﬁd W *3 H1-"3139-"9'%n'
or a 3111, am my man my be, but. unless nation
in mum or my etuch cuncellnﬂon 01' change
has been éclivsred to the xnsusw, the imwerf
sum: not in nan. at any man: snag: the
pouey mac ham ["1530 by him to as nominee mm-
tionoai in the text. of the policy or ragixtaerwci

in taco:-is of the inawu.

(3) In 1 ,\h%1sh to the peliq
1101-ﬁat 8. written acmbv1e:1gamenT:~eL§g_g§ng ragia»-'
ta:-ed 5 mutaatinia or a cnanzlauan  mm
tharoar', am any «bars; 3 too not uuouling one

rupee for 1"ag1st»arins; awn cancellation at ahnngo.

j (43 A transit! er assignment or as puny maria
in aranawdsnan with s-anon 38 shall Immunticully
came: at naxamuan: '

?Pn'dd-Uri me was mmmmau er? a gazilcy tn
the tun:-cw the hours the risk an the 'policy at
the 'ﬁlms of the assﬁymant, in ¢ om1du.-as: cm at
1; low: wanted: by that insmmr an Mm sacxrity
of the penny within its mwrenaer wanna, car in
rowgﬁyzmnt an rwaguent oi' the 1:112': s-mu nut
asaneml as mazmsmn, but man arteat the mats
at the mains: auly ta  extant of we 1n:zm'ar'z
zneause in the penny. M



"{5} ﬁrihoraﬁhe pulley nntntsa tar pasrmmt
vimxag tiara life time of the Salon vlhasc 11:36 is
inmmaai or man tbs mama or, 1!' were zero mm
nuaincon than com, an the mamas ails 'bsafbra the»
paliizy aatzirea ﬁar §my::'r&:'it, the azmzmt  iv
the zaolicy shall be paynhio to ma poiuw hams!
or his heirs ctr legal raprwmtativees 61' the
ho1-is! of a sunaassion certificate, as the use

53353?' Q»:

(6; were the asylum or, it than are more '
manna than em, a namraea £32' munaaaa sttviva
aha persson ulmrza life  insured, the aammt. saw'
raci by the pgucy emu. bi znasythle ha mm surﬁial'

G1' :av2r*v§ $0333.

(7) 'file garovlsiomz 'at this section shall we
apply to any poliay cf 11:3 insuranca to which
Ioation 6 or the mum: Scum': Prapwty Mt.
18?'; applias or has at any may appiiedt

Pmviétod that more 1 mdmucn mad» man»
hafarn 91- arts: the aomaneemnthf the Insurance
(ﬁmisnanti Mt, 1946 in favour of the wife at the
pawn» who has insmwit his life at of his 21:': ﬁad
:.~.»21:.f.1:3.m:; «or rim' of thaw 13 eapras mi, whather or
mt'. an the raw of tha policy, as baring was main'
tms saation, the sum Seaman 6 dial]. is «#%d

' not to apps}: or not to have am.-.1106 to the paling.



auction "='C;(C3) ,
ﬂﬂwﬂ Ilﬁto

section 39 of the Inmxmma amt that in watawinl.

Fbr cat? pxzraaon, it 1:; aub-smltiosl (63 of ~
3.

She effect at' that tsub-section is that where that
rxoninasa, -.12.? 1??' there are more nomnees than am, In
no-:Li:w: or mutants, mnwztvo the person muse mm

is insuréd, the amount asamred by the pone; shall. be
naayama ta mat: survlmr ear azaruhars. This pmvlsion
aces; mt, howavear, lay' éown whumsar, an the mum! being
pﬂiii to am mums therwemrzar, the mama bananas

than bum.-'ut'1.a'1a1 -zmzar tharmr, or whether 'me money
shall form 3.-mrt of the estate of thaimured person

so that his hair: (6! an legacies manned in tmt
regs:-1 in than 21111,  cm was my be),  any
claims thereon.

There 1:51 ecnzaiﬂea-ablza case law on the subject,
to vanish .3 dctailad refarome will be made in land'
gzarayaphs. For we grwant, 1:. Q11; bu snfﬁcieut
to my this were 3.5.: as eonniat of ieciszons - though
not vary !'urz:1ldab1¢ - can the svxbitot. Gm vimfis

that soauua 1322(6) at tbs Iximmnao Mt confura'on

1.. Para 3.3.. mama...
*1. Pampmpha 3.8 to 3.8, mm.

ﬁn  Wag 30 316'"; we



lnﬁhra view.

'}uJ:1r1-:: view.

my mama merely the ﬂax: to recurs: ma xnazrnnoﬁ
mmyaa between   V
but it 'amass not prmrida for 'aw tdtlo at-'.mmﬂ"sh1p of
the money. The an-cont! vuulrygnrao the mama' not
as an aura reatptmzs of aha money but also as the

banal': :21-tal omzer ttxeroa f.

3.13; 'mus; in aa Amihra use of 1937. it was hold
that tut amine gata the properﬂy 1n the policy
subject tojﬁll 11¢-.b111t£ as of E!!! pone! hold» an!
the amount '#13 subject; to the clans of aroﬁihars or

. 3 ,
3.4. the aujarau 31$ Genre an an miss that
may as yuﬂw helau-, utter man: i. nnntncvioa in
the pansy, dim 1ut«a:atnte,. the z-1m:.m3. o3.a-iaumtas to

'thc sum assure»! wage the name: at inmuume are the

lﬂrgﬁi hair: at the announced policy haldar, and mi:
the mmraa in the inezxranea poliay. 9

rm august aaaiazon is bust! an the tutors'
that me wanna is u_ collection agmt, having only -
as right tea room!» and «aunt gnu nnqtnmwnzgg

1. may-W95 M9 cm: 3.11. am.

3»  v-  : 4-I-1% 1957
Am. 757, 7m, pan :3.

"c Minna V» wkattm: it-1.3-r 1977 this 13%
(2.9. 343391 :1 13¢. maxim: :1.) (roam use Law).

 



.':nLct2tta view.

original claimrxbs. If was 1:}. @1111. (made W

mg pozmy mlriar), thsa Legatae under site will mum
gut ﬁne amnun. If ans pa11ey~uo1aa has 319a 1ntea~
tats, ma lggg} mug magi gm; 1;, acanréing the
Guﬁamt ﬁuzflgsxsantz.

3. 5'. In 3 Calcutta nastier 3.933, it we held that
the neulnm mqnu-as m titla. "The title so maeiv-3
the money ﬁnes fganﬁu ornate as title 3,; 3m
to that .~:c>m3,' whim ear; be said to be good as against

the whole: jorld".

'Q

In 3 latczr ,':"a1<:ut,°;:a zmselof 1?%70, thﬂ momys
to be me  the paliey were payable not on than
?:3:a.tﬁ 0'? the asamad, but can a fixed data. A The
assured muirlxtai £23.: vouragar son as the nominee.
Soar: 1: tharaafha, the as :3z1I'&-ti fixed lzzztaswte, befare
the ﬁat: an ﬁ.K.6;§g leaving his: wiataow and mm mm as:
his heirs an»: legal raprss-ontativcs. Ihdar than penny,
the mm: was 3_t2;=ny:zb1r: cm the {mtg mantionasi above, but
that»: was a omuan amine mien, after «am you from
the aauba or the poliuy, the policy mum acquire a

mum szwransilar -ulna. Tia qtnstitan to: be considered

3». Emma; v. manna. mica. ms sax. rm,
 paaragxapetxs 8 to 1.1.

    

V'. '  _--\> .' .'v .' J.' 'I *~ '. .- A Q.' .~ 'Hi

~- *6" mm
51?, £513, parugapha 1:: and 15.



brnzmm
Kf  AH'.
£>r1:;aa 7103»

ms. maths? me mama aauulsi validly maxim the ninth
in raspcut at $1149 po1.1uy, in new of ma «ﬁtaaeb or that

nozm 93' am policy beta:-a the aaimrity of the povmy. %

fhare: also areas at larger quaastioa, namely, 'manner
the mmnrm mum surnm;-Ear the policy. Kath ma

quutioms ware ansvﬂad in use macaw.

'me can mtually 531:'! not fall itﬁain seetian
29, Ina:-can-a Ant, since it unis not teclmiaally a
oontram;  "'11 fa insuimne-a". rho eiiaa-wsatan in the
1x1<igma;§:t about the paaitiaﬁ er a madam la, 'aha:-'fare,
«hitter.

2.6. Aumr--i1ng to the mrm bum view, the mama

but no other raw: imcﬁpt 9*: us» right we aallcet
tho grainy awe: 'wivtzhoniz afrectim the lztltlo. to (at)
atha olaimntﬁ, 5.!' am".

3
The serum E1322 fﬁaurt :13» holds 321-': "M View'.

% %
2321:: 1:: aim, in aubatam, than Eérlssa vial.

Aaoartixna to the artisan. view, the aapuus in nation

10 935' 513 in .a.£.i£. 1970 $19 533»

3-  Vv  s Karloff. 19?3
Sara. 3' mi; 33373. ﬁc

3"  Va  Asxtﬁo 1961
Kﬁﬁlﬁ  (33:35):

~%.  V. ,. . .   3.1.13. 1973
9312:: $3, 34,, pure. 3 (ﬁat.  3.3.).

 

' s- ' "#2  1' " at-T' .:



-14-f

';''*.(6) 1-: on the eanpressian "pay-ab1a' and the amines
..a¢q~;1rss xx: title so the amount an tbs aaaulunaan or
  

'rim latent use an tam szabgaat is 4:; Punjab
om. which a.1ao't'.ake~s the use that the zqmma ﬂoss
not get title he the anyway 1:: $110 pcliay or its
::arG3~8¢~*3$..l The follawlng abamvttiona in 11133 Vtlnjlb
fzzaigmt urn p¢r't52.nuzt:- 4

"Ia eomhlnasrl reading of sub-actions (53
and (6) otuuoﬂaavn 39 at me Inmuxnce sat
shows that 8 mmnae iii in the rmfztxra of a.
t:ru.:st<s».e vim mceivnaa the may than India' 3
mliay and team it for em baanaﬁt at this
lean?-. heirs of the: 1-oeoaser1.'*

;..1.1~».'m.:a%. view. 213.?» L It Any, hovnn:-,$he stated mat awarding h
the iillamabass Riga Gourt (Jmdgment of 1'.36?73}, the
Malay belongs to the mama and he 1:5 not an be
troitad azs an trust-ca {hr the hair: at the insm-ad
at' as an more agent an sum hmalf. In renaming this
-mncluairm, the iiiw E'-'mart .wndtdu'ad the gimme in
the pansy, the atzeatzmory gmusians, the «ﬂnglim
and Inﬂux msa law and othor relevant Ignace.

3..  v.   -~ =. (197%) 81F11n.3a1b Law
Baponmr '33; 49 company Guam 361 {int Jam, 1979).

3- mama vs mu:m.;sw.. $~-I-ﬁs 196%? =°«11- 355.
~"?5s~:~, para -4 {ﬂaunt 3.1. as: mmwdaran 3.). '

 



In the first gallon, as ta ﬁle tilsmsa 1:: 121$
policy, 'aha Eigz Sour: painted out that ma mar.-syn
are payable  Lamina or {on his prior dam)
1:03:15 nominee», exaantors, a<!u1ni.stm1:n!*s, mums

or «ether raprusmtatfvas, as the exam raésy baa", subject

to proof bzsintz: gives; of the 21:10 of tha cleaimauts

zmlar the policy. It was not, thaamra, «aspen to the
insurance aomprnzgr-he say that 11: mum mt my the
"assay to 'tha nDm1na+e"2: !1s_3.1'ss. (In that case, the
manage n:-_.: iieti before actually receiving tbs mmag).
dines a nomnao had been mutant-ed, the  mat
pity 'the mnay to him 91' (if he has '£1241 in tkza man»-
vhtle} be his estate.

ciauamzily, as new the suaututory yrovlsivma,

the High zzouxﬁ: pointers. out tire 3-ovation 39(1) of the
Immune mt , 1';é"'%£3 any-overs the inmrad 1:9 mm a.
mznimtiszm ans! saatian =T"'»'.'3*(6;i lays them that 3.5' the
ncminm ztmwivee that Inazured, the mama is mankind
to ramiva aha mrmy. 'me Pugh tom': also pointed

out that auction 3-M5), amen iimls with him sibmtian
when they nullsinaea tiiaes  ,= evlkwly miwa
a rtistimtivn iaeizveon (1) alanth or the wax before
mtmiey mi (11) math after mumity but before
rmaivsng ggaysaezzt. In the format' case, me money is
pasmﬂa tn the imnra-6 csr  hﬁirﬁ at ;<.ewz.1

3» M" 9&1: ﬁn



raprasaxtatives, and it invplzodly {$11.03! an: In
tho utter case, the many would be: payable to thé»
-astaal at the noun».

3.1. Is; nguraa mgltaz casts and than Inching
Inc: #2161: followad the assault .tud1¢:a1,..§¢¢utona,
the eiilahkhtﬁ ﬂa €b'6'!'%- «mama:

'€50 do ms: mm: 1t_1.s the mvusﬂ rain 1
ar rule of ﬁustiaes 
33% must be siesta III Mating mun tms mm
Hunt at  that is paid to anwdma
man mutieru EMS} at gas Inswtnm Just 16 mm
 H4' that 10¢} tau-autumn
at the aagngcak TT '

an principal reason in an manna sudﬁﬂ
is  tho hllaﬂltag passages:

"hurt as mixing in action 3£""ha agent
that ha BOOOMPCS the 39% away as a taﬁgtgg
at giant at the assznrervs Leg: rgruumtivn.
Solﬁf.-012,39 dawn not, 1*!' down that In is under
My liuﬁllw ta &¢a% far we annoy !'oaa1vaﬁ
93 '*3!' man. 'mclabvieus Iﬂlllﬂ of thc
xnagunga um 1a=mb-on£1ana (1) me: (6) 13
that till! 1%'It13.¢o&anpuq'nustpaythamaqr

1. must: «mugs.



£1?-

"ﬁo his ansi he is lﬁft run to dial with it in'
.1
any game: he Litmus.'

3
 on this. his 51:13:31; ﬂail fiourt,

in its jgygiggﬁnt alrgziaiy referred to, has obaurvazls

with raspoat, than is an aura-aim for tho A '

eomnmon that the nominee 12 3...:-e tree to
deal with it 1:: any mmmr he likes. It -imam
not ~"o11ow from -my provision of law or from
first principles. It 13 mar: jgg  61'
the 10:1-nor! Judges. It class: not burn into
account the reaaurztmz u.nt'$11e:.'. in the ~.i1s~

amnion horcinhstbxo. "

me sallmzamd judgment in the mllm-ring

passago extrgmtee f'ror':: part: 6 gm: mount rm-mun -

"imen the many becomes swans on this
sleuth of tho uasanrod and on account at the
death, are (in me zandcratazxé new 1:; am he
gym so am part at his estates."

ﬂomwttag on this the Guiana: aim flaunt-.
t3bsa=rm~1:

1-  v- m:n..éiazLs ?~-I-'ih rm A11-
355.

45-  vo  w MW 1*??? W3» 13%.

:11»   ﬁe



"€333 91$-5319:: ﬁemh has assumed mm. the
amount does not mm an manta of mo F0115?
mltar. If the hunatit mum Imziar {Rm V
aontraot 911' imwame 'fomad  part at' the
estate 3*' viva wligy £291 for Juring 313 life time
"or 'am reasons liacusnd aurlhr, haaaly, that
he uoulzi have trunsfarraa it, assign»! it or"
I'<':'li.'=-3" a loam on 1:, new ﬁes; it seam to bl
u -rz-I: rt»? his eatnti on his dlsth anti bosom L
1 part of' can estate ~13? €116 mums? Ey virtue
of opotlstion at utsiatx prlmiple of law and ty V

that graces : 9:!' mtioeirzation?"

Further. the nnmaa 31¢ Gum': me: also

amen: reliaance on gang-mph 115? or 45 ﬁorpus Jada

-saaundma for hxttrassing the eozaolaﬂc-ntouohcni. wT
1

them. the gassngo in mention rand; as twin':

"£157.
me gmeaxeds or a policy mmafg a. third person
as hmaf1ni.ary,ba1nng amluslvaly has such 2:éne-

 

twisty as an iniividnal, they are not the
pmgzerty of that hairs or next 9? him: of 1n.$:!'<m3,
aura mt subject to arlmnzstnttan or am laws
as dasamnt yvurning 21:2: suatﬁbuﬂan of inv-
mud': permml gmpwty, meat generally do not
mnssdaituta my part, car an mat of hislastate.»

«-3

Val. 44, iiarggms 5:315 mcmﬂum, 1;:A1'tgaph- 3.137.



hid' .
~ Ilihud
M

~19:

"If the procaeds an <=o1.1.aM:e:1 w the ammu-
tmtor, he mus than in trust for the honoliaiuvy.

Jormmnting on this, that 61331134: High Goat

obscrvosis

'CI: a bare perusal of tin aforoiasid passage
it laps to the eye tuattha au'ou:.t! pxrophaﬁv
tion of law has been stated. in the aontaxt of 2

am 1r::»'-n'mnce policy in ﬂnah a guard pwson
in nmad as a ' mnof1uArr*. '#1 an onmarnm
with {policy that: a person has bun named an
3 'nm1nao' uzgier section $19 of the  '
Act. A proposition of law sutod in am 
text of the mram luv and in the light of 1
'iifr-nan: in:-.u1-am: 116116: 'kﬁlﬂftiri the permn
was muezi as bamnciaky (um nut mmnoe}
atnmt bmstrosa the view which found favour
'saith the 3-llatmbad Féiﬁz Gumbo"

3.9. 30:16.03' me Allahahnzi one of 3.963 mmblonod
shown, the nlahabaai 211$: aaurtlhad in 197%! common
to sin}. with the aﬂoat or mﬁatﬁeﬁ 16.:-II-113 the
tzreciitersﬁ :3!' the tlocousud. K51' oautduring than
pmvddnm at saat1ons'%~ um! 39 of can Insurance
ﬁat, him 31¢ %u-1: bald:

1-  1» ammm. M-3- 1973 I11» 107.%

1%, '$333:  



'-the result. of am' rmrvoy or true material

p:o=.r1s5.on.'~s £4 :

(1)

(3)

"ml 0!' 1%." "-33190
mg n-oorum to

ma' policy kzo1»:i«az* oonumaos to ham
(mi interest in that policy til}. the

mmnt of  «lasting

The nominee tmzior seamen :3':-3 acquires
no interest in the polls! in tha 11. fauna
cat' the policy holdw.

The benefit aaewad by the policy forms
part of the eataste or the zlesaaaasa

policy homer, so as ta be available

to the statute". as it 3.3 part at Ma
aszam, ma mwwora can realize max:
loans from the atoms: paid to £130 nominee.
as will be the 'legal reg:-esonta¢:1va'

at the imaasasi policy ho}.::ieR'."'

it my be aimed that the Allablbwi Judgmnt

Illhnbnx view. of 197.3: sioea not a§:p»ras.3ly war:-ale the zuczlgmnt or

196?.

Itz mun appaar that the géassam posuian in

the .~'s.3.lahse.1m:.'i Riga Janrt is that via-a-31: the hairs,

we mxaims

1
1:: absalutaly anticlsad to the procaaras

of 4.:-be minty, but the greditars can antbrw against

ma zwsima

thqir <a1a1.zn3aga3.n:st. the astatsz.

la

Judmmt of 13.361, pam 73-89 .wn~

1. Juﬁpunt M' wrz, para. 433%, mam.



.1'. she currzznt. tvmiras gram also reprcsenta the
1
uoond view. In an 03:11:: T§~*§a:31'ta name, 1% was hclﬁ.

that - rnxrzimtien {unlike an assignment) does: we

involve a transfer :3; than rights zzzxésr an gsonoy. In

naothcr E-harm aase,."ralat:!_ng; to the riwta cf' than
mmnmz Twist: ntwsmn ﬁn tbs %sto Buy me, it
was mlvi thw; mmimzmn ices. not invalu as transfer
of tha r1 ﬁts .

3
7.1%. In an latnr ma:-ax: cum, ham. :3 ﬁiffwmt

view as takan. me no 123 that man was bwnmm the
win who um 'um  of the ziaamsavi (2.0. M' the
11 re am-322M},  riaugnter at the accused mi km
maker-'1n-1=:w cf the gunman. It was nan that me'
vi C9, wing the» miﬁinaa, was seloné Vontitled he the
instranca amunt. £'hi:; ruling, being a later ::iea:1-
stun, mm: pgevail as agaizxst the earlier mlinzsﬁ
noted above.

    

.' hm -6 "I I  4 '

. 1237 zvaa. 115

 
  

>39  V0  -T *'  ~'-  ' .922: :.
(19%) 61 13.3. 317 (I€~§c:i.),. quoted in §,§m__§gg
v.  , 4.1.3. .197? ms). 1:944, 1139, para 6.

-'3-  '!-  4*-I-ﬁe  made
245 (%).3.}. '

2- a'1a.§a..z"§amJ.3.B!.V- «  .  »
 , &..I.1éi. 12387 ;~'émi. 115 {;:.E'%.}.

3. Para 2?..3.1, mm.

--

"'w> 'y ..c 9- ._.g'--~_; .,," u_ Pusltiorz in K:'ur1«r'7'.

7.1 . 354:; may 3 muted tﬁatief that case: attod in tha urllar Eiadm-as jwitgmnt, may rozaac 'an «annex» saonts mt ts: mamtaom.

III.

'K14. 'Ema ahmvo win»! mama of tho case last shows :31» azmniat mi' ﬂaws on am qusatian at' ma rights «:5? the :2:-gamma as-c--«as ﬁrm rival hairs at the 1\2m~nz+a<a pawn. 'ma ggiahamd mdpnat at 1%? and was latar iéaaas easnﬁaru in direct aanfliat nth tin via! mum 29' km: ﬁtaihra, Gnaumt, Knrnumtaa, Kallmnla am iirima Ffigh Saints. ma Galtmteu View ﬁalgan a. airway ponatlnu.

?.1r;":». 'via small in ma aowse fiimuas camp:

1-o3.:a:.'::1'ng to aim etfaat: of m:n1.mt1an.. Eat: at the prasatzt. aw. in 18 umnmta an man that in ﬁlnglansi, there is m__g%, statutory gzmviston cf the nature eontainei 1:: sacticsn 39(6) gt' tam Irwzxranao Ant, and the matter 1-3' to ha diswusaed on ma basis ' ' '~3 sinlrﬁc (23:98 N '$3.4' Ramsvami 3.1:; judgmarmk.

v- £aJ.a.utwJ., A-.I-R. W53 Mad. 2&5 ($3.3.

7'. Faragapha to 3.6, man.

31:. elgﬁﬁ . 3' finﬁo Lmzmtt J.) ('rm betwaan '-1110*: asrﬂ truatee in .33..

er ether 135:1 ohaxzutzon. Hdraovw. um-. as rezmm mr our pttrwso is not mm. 1:; we uurracﬁ vim: at who yruzm statutawy provmtam, as amt arughi: to has thus law from the paint of vial of swig}. Jurztise and thus expectations at ax-'kzizmry '.3'Ul'§G138- We I:.g1t_:.)oI11338. 3.1%. Seizure in énl mm the swpoat 91* wocitl smﬁm, in my note that that sﬁatutarsr law bumro 193$ am not aonteiin a gomtsl provision far m-mm- % tion in raytrai to mliaina at 1zmn'anca.V 'Rm lama» lmetan in f-'eras am not @3431 ﬁnally pa-ow1<2a t'u.r _, arm1mt1on, though an aimmeut as leglly mid (anti was at ﬂagt use yvunod Q' aha Irsnsfar at Pmpemzy Mt). have 19%. the qtwsta on wrnzzhar ths ma-man mnttonod in em poliow (as one for abuse bemﬂt; the pulley was ohtainnd) was hentflaially mztitlezi ta thy pros:-sadz or mama the euzmmt fomui part at the ornate cf _tt:o rloaaamaod was upp- ruacﬁmd ty the Goats in India am rerirama tn the quantum uhahher the person % awigmzted could 1- 3% new 3'13 inks.

'.1 391-ﬁe 1330

7. xactmn 1339, rrasastar at' :~"*'.ropa'ty mt, 1%s?:.

-34-

». we truce-T». rho uni --w:st1on M8011' ms aoca-utuud on the qustion setttiilailit S was lint of %%s, manly, uguuoucpcunnuputyuaaoaenct manna! 1.17; (A) fioao Eigh 6513233 Unﬁt 1€%3»v&ok tho win that the pawn: in &u1|aImosl nth puller, not being I put: to th: mistrust, would not ans, apart from szstuhary pmusxam sun as that am- balms! in the mu-and Rona': "Cir 18%;. ~1n-1 11' thaw": ab mucus: at an taunt!!! 10 can an aunt. % If the panes: detliwriﬁﬁ 'Q1 &$1Id to mm the znmz-ea», tuutiurournndonlvctint thaw belonged to that parsanaand ﬁrnd 3 part of $0' 083180 at the -tiotllslde 3 mgmnmaammlau tluuttuluifo ow-mus an ragncnmur puny at mauve. ancaa aura: attain' manna (irritate! mun» mum marina nnntlwuau tmpcuq tn the peanut: autumn should henna}, ttuuoudnan

1... ioraa3.nvutoOlﬁ.zd"rt1n'I'uht:,au 1'» hbﬂﬂﬁs A-16%- 1334 9&1-» 683 (muons sun).

'33- mamm v- kslvﬁ-; 19% 351: 315.

3- Rain '4'-> homi-

'I£3"!1~'. !§nn% on '$11 . T!"-?.

Lu [5 i I '}.'ha'.: 1a:a~3;Eng awe on tbia snbéwt is C1£3;'.33 1 V. 2. 3. 14'7,;1a umoh it was held. that. apart

1.'r*o.-:1 the prouziio-m_af the Harriad woman':

Property «at, 'ah-2: right an zmch I policy bbiiiti f."'-'L3.-' to the lagal rﬂrwml ropremmzmtiws jxeoeaai, and um .-2mm mum ha a dabt z' I>.\.n.

D. AIL-

im ta them as representatives or the ~ioc¢ngor1.'s that as bttuun than anti um imurarn $3; mum» L than 1:: the paling at a .=,;aI-son to when the amount swam be paymiao swam have an «mm:

bﬁﬂﬂ;§,§,9Iﬁ P il-~-1': 7 .>'_:, ' I: -L 2! stir, . -H... , _, 'a' i 2 that the instxrars mu}. be bound to pay the lap}. rap:-aaentativos 05" the iecoaasaai mid as one alga.

"Consequently. urzless and vmttll some person has ostahllsane-.1 ms 819419 to raproaem; the hanseri, no debt incomes duo tom the insurmn mm» me policy.

than same affoet: 1:: gm earlier ﬂmhay man, where, in the ease of at policy at

1.nsur:mco afrootw w the asamed won his mm life and sxpragasod to be far has bsmfit (133-2) 1 ~..=.3.:s:e. 1,47.

e~..=mm%,<1:2.¢w I-L33: was "of hu wiﬁa, it was M121 that we wliay on wash rm-ma put at his oa'ts.tc,. the am:

of action against me insuume WWI»!!! N138 Z in his: amen'-zara at other re'::r%:natat.;l'¢ca unz;ramg11-s:»Li by any tram: in favour at his wife."

In 9. aalcutta case reported in 33928, at was obshrvedv "M W9»-1 snag: the M1155 mm. 1:

it uonhraats with B for a beneﬁt to he ﬁrm ha a, althmgh that was true ébjeez and gmrpoas of mm aunt:-mt, c my 'me awe on that wntrnat unless in uoruin emanates: wan. The Cxaupteti ans thirst:

1» mmmm v. . a.:.a. % um aux. 513, 51:9-5%.

3. ﬁsh saw.

."L.'TfJ1'O'3Gh a lasted by each ?¥1,z;:'h Sonrt.

Mart you an: raw. an we 51101.0 at we and of mutrmt wit me: waﬂwﬁm party runny was a trauma ma' 1 third pa:-'sag, than the tail'?! ;':s~3$"i3'~Gl'! my am.' (hi §3.t'1:.ho same am, there were High Cimrts men ramzhpd 1 «gfthnuxt wmmua, «mm: nouns:

may oonsiszlﬁrdd that in 52:39: cases has marina was really 1'ntsm~.1a:1 to bu u bcnuﬂcimzr, or Mama may msrev of the vim! that 8. mt! ralutivo had I t"1&.t.h sun an: that the that In stranger to the aunt.-rut cam»: sun durum me anarmly 1:: cases.

22.18; we first gtoup or 3131; Ontario wand than

-matter by starting an inquiry with acne sums quuﬂw as this - Is ttm mama ziasimlnhad entitled to am tau inswarr If he was emielczsl to me, more was no doubt man he would get $5.111: to tho naaeta. It not, than has mum not get hula. b 5 mm swam g-any of iiigh Gonna tool: has T vim that a_ pﬂann tar Ihmza-haunt tho pulley guns

1. v. mmu_mm, .s..z.n. 1933 ms. 145.

53; , V. (1913) 101.05: 3? '$410 433; 491; 4%, iﬁﬂu

-3. Pan '%.1'l'(a3., gnu. V 4- 53.1% W "~*1~3- 1933 '-3"1v 513-

6. Earn '?..-Nth), mu. ' azure -2-1" the

-arcs-V:"""->'«i m .c?*;.

'firm: 33' 31!! .1581.

mag-'wanna! to in when would clad; title to than smraumé.

1.1%}. Thus, mu nanttwatulray magma tn the right at the mam 1:» mm the in:-inst. It 1: ztaasmﬁtat aurtcus that umugh mus my question (right of the ntimixwo to claim payment) was settled It tha hat. -or 1'-.""'£'3, ma _m:as.=...1t£on cf.' thr: momma -1 ~ .Z'eS331Ii$3='.i the subject rmtter or czrabate stun 'z."t-"Hr t.*rw.*.'. --.3}.

:.:o. 'do have not new «me, 15 agate of him that sﬂbrts», to get tan Dug slutiva aigpartmnt ssaacoadirxu ra2.astf.i'1£ to the $.11. Bun YIN lﬁlhliwed 3 Inc! at: cm was in 1&3, ma this to say on the paint. 3:11:38! '$136213 axon:

paliay holﬁw has ham: givan the right he numb mte the gmrsoa or gkﬂfﬁolﬁ i:O_'D!1mn the -mmyn pambia mime me pansy will be 931:1 in an want of his death. Thu effect of this 11111 In to Mania we «amass am! tranhgc an the part at

3.. 321111 <3. 3&3, "luliaa Insurance ﬁat, nth n Sy'E|6pﬁA!'"9 W39 XIV. 33!'! Sign me nlaaed on maﬁa}. siuty to alanine the mterinl may we oaxlaatua av csovea~m.anc' wmerning the smanmant cf aamaw law in gmawal and tnsnrane-a law in partieular.

'.'w:er1-1 1:2 thﬁ Jamtﬁfﬁc 'me s1oi.'11nw'a $0 rzmcura at reg-gmmnwtlon from a court of Law. me pancy '§:o1:1m- mu alas bun givan ma rig»: to change the mﬁmtiunat um' cine mm» the: pulley awturoa Ear anrinrsommt at ha' m V1.11, tirzareby giving his a free Emzzii $111 the» enzi."

ﬁn siaoas mt, hazwamr, ;w:Apea1;€1ua11y wish *:¥;"a~a: grcézitian or? 'am 99521::-are V13-8.'-V13 ctrmrs an which share had been it ecntrevusy.

§atjrop1's$a maﬁa; in ma debatea, 1:; appears that mt thrusi'. of Lagi slatlva Assoahly ﬁubatas as ~{1!..I:*m*».'.c:! toward»: razstintian at the rgreiﬁn ins-mwennau aomanmse -michjtlmx {raid ma ﬁeld. Paints "I15-~ zmssei aomarning rights of poliay holders _.m.i gnrmnn 'iﬂdﬂm title from than wgra vary few. the atrbut: of mutation was not ﬁsaussed. 2% 'Emwpuan ?mbar tram mun-as (F'.E. James) -

In sang: ease.

prhmrily eoneorneel with sa1'eguar<11ng iwewts at the mama aowamw -- inst;-tad upon ska a:w,ta,cn af zrha am-sis "mud in the whim" after ti.-.8 word "aL:;ad.;;;nm"" in what 13 new aaatmn 38(3) {aas:!.%txt Bani tztansfm? of insurance poliaiasi. itha obgmi". was V tars: wage is 319%: that we 1:as:n'm**s liability as to 131:9 puma man: when he havi raaeelvosci notice, mama

1. Laumalahive imaombly Wastes, Val. 8., '.3151:

bar', 133?, pugs 215?.

he was the §;;e1*':-30$! nﬁmzi in the m!1e1'.3amn1: ax' vim-umut or mt-.1 "the an as introrimaaei aanminad ma --:1e.f.'1.n5.t1¢n cf' the axpraasten "paling rzoliar" mi :':r. K. Awthnv aayamsz Ayya.n§xr propoaari an éoﬂmtion an the linen of sactjcn 2(7) at the Inziitrz L11': Aﬁtafﬁﬂﬁﬁ Gwpnatos ¢.c-L, lam. Hr. ﬁyynnger thought. that than énuum no in ccr;i'*1:;ion as to whether an asssignae innit! be zioond to be :2 :,oJ.1c_; holmr. The Law Hahn, $1.! ﬁrlpnnﬁu math .-1:-car, 1'12-at oppuua the aacaclaout an raw ground that-. pnrsom: we mad bmamo assigness after idmmang to the 1n:..'.»m'ed smll law of, say, a.$ aw mm ﬁght wart 31613112; to M tan gzvnliizy holders' mgrav- seantati vex. §.--.§mmwr, ﬁr. fkxtiixznai J'. 99»: glmeisdg with than Law Eéeabar that has: lzlmt mt lust aansirxar tha Imlusien. at an abmlnm assigns»: 1:: the Jam»:-

tiosn at "gouay ho1«:1u°".. T113 Law Fw ultlmtaxy ayes-:1. 'mat 1:: hour aactia-n 3(3), :3.et'1n1:ag 1 mung hul-atur came to have a provision inﬁluding an -jabmlutg aasigmu.

1* 'ﬂﬁlﬁlativaa Mammy iéabntes, Vol. $3 'Hm 193?; 9&0 1.363.-

-":. La§.:a.3.nt1v=a Assam-nix imbatss. 'Rh soptmbnr, IW7, page 1368.

Ehlfilzzxsms of legitiraata mmactr~.t'!o.~:5 M2'. :»oJ._t1on of r.»em" r'e71:-.:;iv9s.

3.1. 'at: law! an as diam."-ad the pl-aascnt Lam: as

-to the «treat as' mmtmtimn in regard tea a paliday or lifb 1n.sz.u~:anea Sunni evolution of am: law, That there is a wnflict at -Maiden auxin' this prank act is cbvimw. But so are not, in this Rsmrizg wmwnotl with the quasiian of mraiy suggestlng I sciatica that '4o.11.'1 mt rm and to ma aanflimt of éooiﬁans. $113511'.

we approach the mutant 350:! it arm-um and an uaaaw mm - as ta tho strum». at Q mmmtmzz? $lw!:1'f;'{ the mama be raga:-mad as en mar; agent, 9!' thou»: u be raprdaﬁ as hazing 1:111:19?

It am-stars to =.s.':;= that in dealing with 2135.5 question, can can legumes}: was t eiitstincﬂen batman «ass was the nominee is 1; mar ralative or the poxiaw bazaar ﬁne! was snare the nominee 1.:

a siistaxxt nlatiw or as at:-'sage! $6 the family. this 'i1at$.n¢t»:£an 1:': at rexsvzima» for the M313 rdnaonthnt than cmiizstry porsan, man In miss at mmimtiun in nuluzir or 3 mar relative, my be min as immdim to an as beneficial garovisrinn for um and'\a§u1:! mt aentwplnta has being 1 acre «goat. Altanough ma lﬁaﬁﬂﬂ X38" tbs amrwsxan "mums", axprcsqigu .'

1._ Pamgrnpha 3.14 said 9:15; ﬁn Jocial Justice.

was not, in regard to mar ralamvma, mciawaanuly am up at}.-1 that the armmry pgraan my in mm. karma M mums: mm muaattimtz, he am: act an aim near rmlativw M 'mMmtad" as a "manual owner". :59 19°33 $3.1» ahead .~;;~;;2, r=.~aar1.n.;: in mind than {mare naaszis at" his zzoar relative. cuts out to axiom; an wviee which, 115.10 not iivwtinz has at" his own rights 1:: nun ha auruves than "non1ne~e", mum be :1'.ar';'.:?tt€9 amugn to makes an etfuntzﬂ ﬁmnaiml pm-

-ri sion far the': gcorgaon :ns1gant4ad: W him ﬂared in this light, the present law M15 to {$11311 the 1»:~;;:.3.tt:=.aaw axpeatauona of the eitimun, ma «aluminum.

".3. Apart from the uhmm apwuaagz - the apwaua of 11311 an - there is true' eomtdﬂaﬂnn of sotsttal Jmtsioe that mutt seem to' swmty an anm-rimnt. ﬁne:-a at nomimtlan is in t2wonr_c1' a non: afclativa, and ma Lagglslagzn-:3 is £'a.M«a with the: qmstsma of ahonaiag betwaasxza (1: as strictly zegaz. a-ppaecaun 'of resuming than mums as %; gm:-nan am aofiacta the mnay on behalf of owws (am! thuroanra as-nly a mammal --ownm*}., and (11) a bamfialnl apgxroach «man waulri ragarr}. tha nominee 9:' u alas :a. an bamtici- ally mlsttloai, we think that the lattu eamraa maﬁa, as a. mates' of zaaaml Just: am, to be proferrod. we

-0030 :2 2' "non:

20111:! vas".

3. sim1A3. prersmtly 532:}. in wmwhat'. grater éetasil with can pasltilm of Ami the maxi ﬂat afibréttxg them mmrusial pratontizan L-szfisar the V-iaatth of ma person insursﬂy km mm :31' Wirrat W6 3% Eﬁias to at? will npyzy 1:0 cthvsr mar relatives as well.

"".?"*'-s She next zpnsﬂon to be annstdorodg then, 1: - mo are the psrrmns: who man he -am:ropr1.ntaI&y z*r:-r---;t.V1'?'§r.e.*§ within the 1'-'!:1""3 cf' 'chose 1.-3:;-4c,vrv!,:g motzi .1 :<'ro:act'.1on uniar the category of "nut rllatdvois"? It appear! #9 an that hndm rumsrd tn eonﬂlttons in inﬁll, tho lav angst to Tﬁeogmisa the epmiasl yea than cf parents and emldram as wan. as at €3§Zﬁ%!ﬂ3I»0 w and large, they are the gmrsam who:

mull expect. 'an be zarailiad 1'53'. Life inmranea, in its assenrze, is iesigzzed to be 3 -tmsbinn nmnat; mmmened financial disasters. :1 aantrnat of inszwznaa is a nontraut ea 99' on the happening at aanm smut anf2i15 generally 1nt.an::¥o»:l to move!' as risk. the risk in thia case 15 at dnath, - timuzh the auger»: aarrias -the auphaai atia uppellautan or ''11 re inuzxrnnae". In ma case at parents, spans»: am}.

-.::!:3.lclz'on, the risk taetar 13 the most proaannnt, em-:2 ﬁmzzh 1:: likmy ta have: the ﬁaapaat imgmet. on ' mm: gyermml ' lives.

1. Para 3.;-4, mks.

Tﬁo Mien of married women.

Wat: vs; an 3123 £01' 3:142:33.

33.1 this bwds to an in favour of aebptim an '11 fferant: a,npm---aan as to the effect sf' ziominastiion from tzmt exioptod by the magnrity of the High '»i3our'!:s zznier the praaont law, as raafarﬁss tim relativaa marv-

tinned thaw.

34. ,«,»e:: would aiso like my state that in 'iwiding what ought in be tha law, '<:?mL ':>o::1t;1on sf mmen 1.-*3 <31' «.:.;rs:,mz»;_:.ar importance. '%:xx'r1«-mg gomen as 9. class are rich capital as their huabmzzia.

»-x' A aw. 'M J':l'.. <0'-ale'?

:',«.:n tan! #2: be the capital makers, while aroma 'bend to aeqzﬁm it as their stbecessuors. "Jane czuastmn M11521 givsass mrzatiuzzs thought to many a husbard 3.23 how in provi in for the widow so that an his (tmsimmilal azxrnatisi imam or parxsion rights .i1'a:3tic reduetion in am; widow':

'iaznia, cm l:;~:r.:; cf' s}1a..3Z1 not lea'; 13:3 stranfiard of living. i»§;arriea.é womezz for the: txazart gar:

are not famed with a ad.mi1m* prcablem ragarciiszg 5331;; wag; they have lass to loava, 32.26, on aioatzh, than imam has prozxtzbly mt-. csoVnt:ribute5§ to tzim mimzemhea 01' ans family home tn an ﬂ.pp1"$B1.&b1$ extant. £+§oua»ver, in trwaa eases; where thoay are meeai mm mm: pmmem, the arssw-ara_ which apply 30 man apply avq*.m.l1y' ':52: mean 73.5. Emmi $10213 for a at3.<i-ow many 'are mm eithar ;i¥;!!'1ng her' hazsbarws lzifatma by mans ni' gifts; and policim; oz' inrsnra.m:.; an his lifa, er, so an take affxwt after his ﬂush, by h1.:s'w13.1. aha: :~x:1:-if; axon %cr spud:

Kr. ﬁamoasso.

'aid: 36 34301229 is a roof our the 3140!': hits} and an aéoqmta imam that its name}: arm 22:1' mitt cum». If nothing is done curiae tiw lmshmvs 11:: m we- «ma fbr elm amiamg um $12315 left: t¢'ta.'Iw undo: his 111.11, E!!! maalt will be tbﬁt the husband': available cause mien: should nltinntzcxy énbklvc axi um ha£I'a'ny ha substantially rorlnaezl la' «abate duty.

ﬂmrorare, the racummendstion which in pra- pne ':3 .-".=:2:'&{E! is eminently Medea ﬁn' 1:13 protaatian or mrried amen - it is not oouflaéé ta than 1 3166- iﬂxili on point, my mum mm to quote «pump £1-'mung spenchefgaau Hnlﬁauuantho mrr1a'l wash': rmpaftf 81.}. (men 101! Io the 50!:

of 187%} -

"aea must ramamba him: & airs': eanztritmtiaa to £=M'!'IMI1y uulth iii not. usually consist in pamnntsarmmr. aw myu-zaatorui-husband an mnay at all am}. rat my be an very $3-ausmf-g Atohztn was ifmnasarm bya 23¢'! pecuniary smmiwm. If we wife kspt mo ihﬂﬁﬂholé ya...

% gather', mug: up the milﬁrcn, goveraad. has ser~wrxt;~3<, mmma an an gnaw aunggg any tramtesmm, me: mrthrmé other gum zﬁumagi-.1;

"2. mm» at zmu, amt». nvmplcutat, mm: mm « ﬁuptomhlrg 13"f3,, pass 13.

$1513.}.

smash ran to .

307V '?w1t with in a tairly remmt puhzloution.

"*-!:1t:5_c;;, thzrs !~;1sDaf~.::.."1. ;*:z'i;j't'-.3 2:»? a. far richer mm. ha: ::;s:1'V10a3, although he might provide all the aatw-3.1 mmay that coma into ﬁne taxﬁly. Z;'he.r:. :11' he «show that :31; wits aimxld Calm gym-y 3mm» :20 mar: out of' the semen steak, or out £93?' hi ' for myself or bar emiziran, why éahoulm one mt stock, .§;2aI$5- it in an irmramw in me. If the nsxsmnté c-rma that «mt shmllei ba 'iama with him :«ro~.-'way from aims to time, ﬁr. iriobhou-'9 $15 not me its was a min!' for legal question, at that than 8230:3121 be any legal Mfﬂmﬂt? plaowd 1.2: the way of the wife': anihrcing tshe eontmcta. It might be the maxi: prwiaat, Em most It! wise, and tin ms: hara- r.::?..2:i 1:u.r'1'an.€;:%r?ﬂt!t fur am when mmiy. the var}; in 'ie of' mixing 'a previainn em, and it alsvolsfaght be»), :=m:i of'!:m1Iia..;;, Lmggg whim he 01' his madimrs ought not {:45 viiapmta M: mun-a time.' ma aapeet which we haw strassai its aim

3. It has ifimhsnll, ~'*"%Zhe ?!m.ct1on;+~. M.' Jasimnrtions of Eazamasarisa in Lita Instwnnmss 3.3.3.', < in M11133': & Q. ﬁureé {Editors}, Lira Inmranem an Intarzmtioml Pampectivo (1969) 74, 76, cited in magma, ":5nbn1:an1;1a~1 Gompllamo with the :4:11** <':.::x'?:n am 'ﬁarnrwri Law Bevin: 439, Ram»:

uuﬁtczi in cm swtiele .

' yaint.-r.ar1 out .ths:t em éammnt "$111 sab6.tttu!'.~o"

in msinrn prmcuaa is life insurancs, and 11-. Mrs bun absarmd 53.3 foilsws in that pnb1iaa*1nm-

"the anti}. xigzmfieant assets or am «estate:

of mast paopza are the prooaedzs of am or mite 1.1f'e zmmrame pennies. Fur sash 93°93-in ﬁﬂnsﬁltﬁim 9; -mggrity 511' $315 puﬁﬂlﬂ. on, =:Iu£a'!!t:nt1a1:a of the .21 rstrﬁmtion of that 'nI':7>n~'::r'ty' throzzpgh the desiwﬂaa of a bane---

ficiary min the insurunco aunt:-'Int not only in; tau nu. famtion as swim, but eaanstimtas a much more important 'test'.amnt;' than the 81.3.1. In vim: of the math:-5 of poapln inwasgrivm-7}, the 11136 1ns*ix1'!1m:}a wnﬁfleiary iesig-~ nation is the principal ﬁns: will and saacmautv of our legal .s,ystan1n...... A properly daagmtm mmmmuy will :-mm we the pmueeda of arm irmxranaa vnfzhnut regard to ansznlsazxce with the mrm1L1t1ea raqsm-ad in the law 6:!' 9111:."

it my also mention that 0119 writer, in an article pztbllaivheei an 'the aub,}o¢t,. has ziiaeussed in detail the realistic gzaaitiuxx aemurnat'. with than inmntian :3!' the policy 2:01:19!' {who minus 3; mm- natims} am has rzigziiltsghtari the -siifticul tias felt 3,. '*:#:..a. vurziharajaa, "Justice to that Policy-holder' 511973} '$03.. 1, 2~§.L-J. (Joann) 41, £33, 43., rémd far » change 11':

3.. 3 0 u2ﬁ-to $4; gregaﬁt. me has gaoizstmﬁ outfthat 1:; £5 we ran»-

fetched mi! imyoaszblo or woaptan-*.:e mat when 9. 13,69 2:277-Vszr :.»3~i mtara into 9- cont:-mt Wiﬁs we insurer (the mtg xxasumnoc earpmtzon caf Inaiua), um! um- eisa hits aha'! cs cf' mmimtlon xmdar section 'E93, $13,111; as: "most an.iem'1n.g' parnau of hiéi, ha $055 1%:

with she~sa.1a mu 9? mining ﬁat person at xrmcao at mzlcatian agent -with no uersonssﬁ. or 'bammcinl I 2*. :r<>r=?: f'<::.:' hiztz (13orr.ir-rte), but; only with the': chateau liability to account to tbs bitty, etc. mm' the aid money, and bull 11000!' W the!!!» ':3.9. 'mung raga:-:1 to the varieus oonsidnsrauons _ set out in tax ﬁaptm, that: seem to ho among: '-

3us*;1?ic:3?.1e3n for mnsidaﬂna we marl for a. mug; in the law so :32 to provi is that ihﬂe mmiraee, when belonging to the alas: mntioneﬂ s.mve,1sha11 be umfuiauy entitled to the a-mum: tint my fall due rmzier the policy. Bomrm, beaver, marina our puns: raaoamndaticmz on ma subject, an aunsadar it Eﬁftwﬁl' #9 take mm at certain legiaiatlve nr'aao~ aunts which mwt ho asaml.

3.. Pm 23.3. ma.

Legit s.1<at1~m praceﬁants.

T*r»:w"¥. 'er ' ~. '..-.

rti'.

oﬂﬁu 4.1. It may be or interest "-2) note that were are lagslative preca-ﬁants containing pmviaicns substantially giving a bmorieinl riynt. 'to a mmiwsa in utnlppus situations.

'ﬁg'?! aeetinn :3, :>*rovi'.ient mm-«is act (.1-'i;.'* af 1335} 1

-L rezztis as follows :-

"-5. .' ~ (13 ':"%ot;a21.th-

aganﬂng amvthing aozxtainad In any law for tho time being in three as in any xiispoatioa, whozthar baataraetxtlry ar ctharadsa, ﬂy as suba- cri bar -to, er '*mo:::i1':o1' in, 9. Gcvarmxent or Fcailwzay Pr':_3v1~ent ¥3".zn."i of '='.:i1:3_::'«'2m g'!;a3.nt'i1ng tn $1.15 oradit: in the War}, or :33' my gut: thereof, where any mt-ﬂatten, riuly maria in exeuordama with the rulsas, of ma §°un':1, purports» to oonfar upon any perfaofz thee rigzt to rocsivatne when car any mart at arm can the ﬂash or the; submzz-tibar or »i:ap_o.s!.!:.ar, occurring before the sun E12323 baeama payable or before tam am, mwlng became pzayabls, was 'man paid, the 5291:} parses:

1. -iiaatiaii :3, ?:~or.:1::szn'. Funds; Act, Jim"-35.

"mall, ma tha giaatn as afam«sa1.,i or the subs-~ % 1 cribar or ﬂmoaiwr, ' , ﬂu 1-«cans mm :)ji__5 I ».: s..' T - -5";

mm or part tharaat', as the case may be unlaas -

(:13 such mmtmtion is at_susy time mriazi by smut»: noainuuan nude in nice maxim' at emrossly eaaca Inc! I: noting given in tha mans: an-;?: to the authority arescribed by than mine. or,' (bi! sank: mutation at any time bnwnm invalid mr mason of the tappening or some eamingotmy specified tharvain, -

cs.nr'i 19' the mm gaﬁfﬁ-011 prgdoaansas the sahwribir ' '7~'\--« m::r5.m%IL; shall, 3: far as it .rala:es to the rigut corsfarrad upon tha ﬁaizi er <-zgtoﬁitor, t. 4» pa:-scan, become void ans: of niarraet:

1.

536% -' €31 instant» v» &n::m.'a..z.a. 1967 «2.?.

(:2) m;3_,é1m an mgm, s1.I.:¥L xswz. mi. 47?. 479. ' £3) e*f%..I.Ev'.. 1i':*3£?s 8:93.. 633:.

15'l:.i"EQ'7 F9' u-amp;

»« - ...\.,,.. .. r .» ~41- {3} Rot.V2.th3bé<n:§1ng anything contaainaﬁ in

tbs In-'i1.».~;m xészccassion mt, 193?.» ct the Bombay Reguxation VIII of 1537, am puma who becomes entities: as aforesaid :32::a.y* be gggrantsrl. a eartifi- mm mier that sarzt, or that ;w;egu.122t1on, as the c:»:;c;e m, entitling him to roaiavn paymsnt of such or part, such cmrtiiieate shall mt up any»! to l:au'i.nva11:£at:e;:i or suparaeled by any grant 2113 any athaar uarrson at garobefte or lottera Mmmstmaion ac aha asstate of the ieoeasa--41.

K") She ;:z*ovri=:1ow:> of ':.h3..s sect:1on.as arsaanciod Egg .;~..1b-section (1) of aeation. .3 of the 2'~mv1.~mut ﬁﬁnazis. (hxzzxnnimanti mat, 19¢), shéxu apply also no .511 -rush !'ic&:'~:T.$.!&&?.~10ti:3 ms ia baafora thaw «'TIE':'.§'.-6 :23?' the aoarzmncamanc czt' amt: act:

Prnvﬁ we amt the ggransaem of this sectziun as am &m"mT'::¥%':g sum: mt operate to atﬂfact any saga, in widen mfore the said'. eiata my gas, at has 1.zwi.er the Imlea cf «the ?'un.:"2 bacama ;=:.aymb.'m in marmwnaa of mmzxatiorz auly male in .:a.a-wear.-iamm with rulers. "

case law on Pmvi-iient hmis Act.

Ease Mia' em 'r'rovi ?e:z:2't:

Fhnris Act.

an-Q3» 4&3. A fair 1'u3,1ngs unzior the Pmuéang Funds Mat, 1 was my be sued. In a aa1em:t;a caaufe suhadriber had mmimateci his wife an. int: sola assuage. :*m.bae-

qmarztly, he ﬂock a second cafe mm bore him tau: anus. Yio trash mm1mt.1an:: were ma 33. It was ma that as hu!':v=wn aha first 2:1 re and mm: of {ma maﬂonfz years, the former was absolutely untitled to the money gmmxm an tug ambscribvar at his iaath.

In 5; '21.: was $3.39, it as holé that $236 :"rov1~mnt Ema 2-.u1es may no rwtrictton with regard to persons in ms. ﬂavour ﬁt ciealamtion or nomznutiaan my meta. 'The dspozzitar had made 9. daclarastxon mmimtingg 13317 As his maxim-av. me lady czmimrja, 'aha :'a»;,~osqi,t an 2113 cimth as the 91038 :31', the ~:1va;aos1-tor It was held that she was e::.*;.1t3.ati to it in prefarrzmca to the'; son of the iepositor-, awn though it was found 'that aha was not legally :£ar':'1e.1 tea the Aﬁepositar. ~'.i.~&. It Fvhcsulii aim has statcrﬁ that secﬂon 5 at the ?mv1:iant ﬂan-his mt, even at a time when 1!: Md 3"3<:s'?'; £&C2£'iﬁ3§.1"1 the mrﬁxs "beonr:e W3 mwraly providied that tha

1. Mr the tax': a?' 39631631 .3, §'mv1[iant mm»; Mt, SM para 4-3: mm-

A-I 3&1. 176- immmm V- 41-13%» 19349 W1». 489'-% =i?cov¥.:rr:r.-a-:22'<';

K-3+-:z vi .1 >1}:

Act.

'*3;

mmnae zshazll "become absogzntaly antitleai", hm been atanstruewgn zany rulingihjm the ofraot that the noxainee was-: 's:><;~n<a:1"ic1a.11.y entitle? to tha nmaunt in the 'e'*rovia:?.gm;_ mud.

{S wa. :3. fbm, i'ao<3»~:-rn:.:«.ant savings aanix act pravz.-ma: that an ne,t:U1thatand1ng au:m:h1ag acmtuinad in am 19:: for the time being in fares, at in my 'i1sp>o::i*!:1.on, wtzathar tasmamrtwry or oLtharv1::e+, by a ﬁepo;-zitor in reﬁpact of his deposit, where any rmdnaztion :»:via 1:; the prescribes: mnzmr pzn-pox-£2»:

no caonfazr on jug: person thxa right to receive the ~:'sap«;»§5.'t 23:3 '1e-ath of tiza iapoaizssr, aha momma shall, 1- v- :4-Idh 1337 All. isulaﬁmn 3.3. 5.: iiannnt 3.).

3- 'Iv ' 3"' 9 13-33-5-

19.".~.'5 395:. E34 (!'1£}phe'.*'wf).

*1 V- A.I.:;«;.. L:-«:7 cm.

'€1':=asm't1m; frag: 21.1.39». 121%.') 22511.

':0 Va g 'sick: 23 Lab: mo 33:» Iﬂﬁﬂ Kr; M f 1 éxoloac R333: 55';

{sister as naxrrinaa, ziafaatari title of amen). W v. M.:%. 19 33:4.

6. ms éfavernmnt .~.;3§1:'t§;£ §;*.a:*.§c ant, 18523.

-4%':-' on the death of cm clegwitot mmﬁﬁuﬁihm A Gthsr 4.6. it 1:: xxaraile.-as to czalaigaly legslativa pfﬁdadaﬂhﬁs pa-aeesriants, uhiah can be laokazi for in lemalation muting to cartaisz aahemss. M' natinml nigvings am} 4 xmlaguuss mttua.

3.. ---.5eo*--!:1t'.m 53, 9.0. izaa.-'tifiaeatxezzs A812; 12317. '30 3*9ﬁOﬂ 93. ?mm¢ ﬁat, 1g'§'§o

3. aacticn 6, Government 'aiavixrgs Cert: maataa ant =1. Gaattﬂnt station 3%§(11{a), firxit 'i'rn.sL'e: at India £53 {£373 of 1896313.

A ssuzszption an as to :21: 31 tion 1 13 ;:;n4;12'm:i ~:m»1 obscrwtiorsn relating E9193' Qt-O 0

-45..

5».1. It will be convenient 1:4: refer tn: the maxim 3.3.-v anﬂ the iunarlnazz 3.33 as to tin offset 2' mimtien under a policy or!' mre insnrama.

at 3;}.-"m ztaut-559%., -sa ;:«m1%1m:mr;gr cbaarvauoh In ifirnglmig two 13 no %1.% or mminagtlon 1:2 roams to or-iimry 11.1% insurance he E53139.

panels: of the nmmrua \;2l'ov£..é'2¢'.ai in moﬁon 73:? at' ma' mt. 'fhara are systems 'of mutation a-ppliasahia only in 1'9§?€é1":€ 'CD polieiaa am»-lam Ci} ﬁntrlad lvéo.-w'x's 3 Property act, and (11) ¥?'r1enﬁ1y societies matqd 1: nomination unziaw the mrrtaeﬁ wanton':

Progmrizgr act smrzda on a special fnaszim, and need not be mwnsideraws. in aietail.

we Shall. ptemmtly deal mm nomlmtions under ms ﬁiendly Sacieties am.

1. fialamry, éth szdition, '$91. 35 (Inga:-anaa), $10513 only with 6-mimaunts.

"3. gar! 55$, 13%.

fl. zéaattlon 11, warned Hanan': Propatty M:t., l8Es':':. in $93 Lani ﬁomiasien at India, 661:1: smart {Married 'i~.%omac:'s woperty mt), pagan 3?-341, patagagzhs '5 7 93233 573:5}:

:1' O 1 -46- ﬁntuiaory :3. '.. A helpful riiamxasiun of the buekgramad may fraawwnrk _ .1 213%! it»: he qxwtazi -

m~'E3K.E,'rO'=lII¢"}o primry intention of' 1:1 fa rvolicier. 31:: to praviﬂa for iepeariantw. This ovarriﬁing ptirposa 1'.-3 ggrotmcﬁsﬂ by the ability to arrange 11 fa pail}.-

-ai as so that amen gsaymntz 3 :e=..xa the; policy mnevys are mm:1«-Ia:-ed separate from the assm'ea<I's est.m;s.' ﬁne vnnaeys are than available for the «iegandancs am} nut. far any orerlitersg in aﬁﬁiticn, swtain tax or estate may my be avoided in respect :3!' the proceacm ef policies so arranged.

"me T?!'0ce<3zﬂ'9 for men polieias is for the assstn-azi to mminate -3 bensficisry (or nominaw) when affuctlzftg the &r.3.£'LiZ'IalP£'3-Z3. eiuch 'ceneﬂeiary, also mad net. We the lam}. reggruserstazive of the aaa-2¢.za'.'ezi, alum has tha tight to anforzza any aleuaz in me warm. £129 regalmtimt lagislation for nomimmom aonsdasts mi':

(*2) "ﬁles :~£::rr1a:§. 's=Io=:1an*a Prbparﬁy mt, 13813:, mm the earlier Lmrriad ';éameI1'a Rolicies af ﬁasnmsnca (Scotland) Mt, 138$}.

2..M Ransoll, ﬁlaments of Imsuramsn £1974}, pngss ¥i"r.1 amily amt at}. as .

£23.99 Maw 93% $'*2'3'. €;'.m~i_"3,y ;$oc§.a%',1m;: mat:

1. :2 i:?:'1gE:&;:":=$ ..

"(bl Tim Wiamily uoaicstiea :3-ct, 15-?>":.I3, which 3_1m1,y,.g,;i the mica a:*;:1om!'1'5 mt mm3.mtiu.ns J. 330 ﬁimﬁs H 1:. mun» «..¢g%gs;;*mag.a_J.z;_;;ns.~» 'J.1.ah 133:.

5.3. In the syatem of 11mm: inszmmce when mz, with €'.rier.-:«1r:=;:11y :=,ccmties (.3: te;3;u.1.aw-3 by the '?r1mI':;i1y .;>¢m.<~3t;1m3 :a.«::"::, }_;2%'7=a3«),"'z:oex£,x3ati:>r: has a uifhr effect-.. the friarzdly society zrmmz, an teem,- vim; a»3.t...i:.'.ﬁ--s:ct.or5' jmroci' at' the ..ims.th sf' :';2:1«3 mrzzlmtor, may to the naming-e the amount; :mr:: ta iatzaa i.e<::aam:.r;-3. z.*:aa:'mr, mzbjaet ta :3 mzrtmn "1"(33$1'1?J$ii 11.-':21%:.

"mare is a ;:.re:su,m:t1on rm:-. the zaamixyae is 1n4!:.as:'ae.i to take mmaﬁt, 'mt, it 1&3 a qmsﬁnn aiapanfimt an av1«:2amA:.a, ;-ms} 'aha manners' ~ermrws.}. razurasanmtiva my, in as t':1'O'£'-K3!' owe, ztkemand mpauy» mat .t'm-23:» ma mminee, e2x?::,1e:c't: sztmz elzpmxcieﬁ 1:3:

thm mmzwa for m'i1c:':1 fees f"«.\nar>:.'£ 3 in r-::m2';ae'€ of the mz:1rsator."

ea mam 5.4.

than cémtztry.

l+;3§.'1$1ai2i<}X3 mu" 5% hiatuory of wars 'mic? the ¥*'r1rm"i.1y 5035.-atlas A-.z::*t;, 1',» (W5 'uafi. '£13! 31625: Mat 2?' .42. mummy 03:'

1.. 3:95 ma mm §.*"riwai1.y ..sloe3.est1aes act, 1:iT'*'?=%s..

3. msctzisoxx 66(1) rani. man an é.-T37, Friandly .3o¢i9t1¢§:'£ Acés, 1';~3'?4= {$31. 6.3); 412?: 53.1., Vol. 11.}, ayszaajta l~=W, mra '3«f'5&".~3 mi }.;;5~1=$6, "{wr'~-'i '. E".

'. 3+f.>~2;1.:"~1:;v:,12L'A~:r, ith -32., 'ml. '~'§'*, j)?3*ft'% 1&6, ;;aar::s 1'}';2..

mciaty anal-.3 nomitnta any person to reaaaive 9. sum not amwﬁing £396, out $7.? the mom!' Dwﬁblo at his tiﬁtha 1%; has been hale! that much a aammticm cannot be romxm kg -$111, but am he revcked only 121 the nnmxar laid in arm sacks, an»-11 tum; the am ac» male payable is not part of ant: mammary estate of tzrga ~1¢eat-MM. in a aaaewregaortei in 135131, what:

gm namlnaefiied before 'she mammr am} his {mm1ma'a) roweuntatave claim'! the money, the doadmon of xaxmmm, 3.; 3.3:

"I emzmt we why the estate at a mminssa who «$133 bamre the mmizmter shaulrl be; deprived of we beneﬁt inmnaecl to he c:on£*erred., even ﬁlthaugh his death rscw ha amwown ta '2;I'§sa=.: rumi- mtor........ I "$0 not see anything in the wrung mi' @1129 rule ta prevent an muw mum 'being due tut: the lawl mvprsaantatzlve of the ' mmztzm. "' that zzsbmrwticgxw at .&.L. timitzh, 3.-J. in an earlier ahzgglian cases, may 3150 be wmareﬂ -

'''3'; my in ?:.§x£:s i'i£,;*-mt: place razmrit tum ﬁzzarwee than» has berm 'Jommtion, as in the 1* 333% Vt 913393' 1- W53' '*5- 'Eg , s/it We

-IT'-Vb V» zaffmt 9'5' znﬁmtian.

;3':;;33.'1 at: 3853 01" pn::*1:s:rm M:

in that mam D? ufiathﬁrc

--3:9 -

"7::r£:a-ezzt «:39, until that nemmtion faaw ham reﬁwokeii, 1;' tidnim that film rnmmm anti not the 5.5. In met, with refgrazxcas to msaimttams urﬁer the' ggrzmrrly .>aa3.et1es set, 1i3'?:3, it was speszcifimally ma tzzssz: mesa ggroperqr aasrrieui 'av an mmmtion passes lireotly 'am the mmlnea 3:5? fcsrae cu." she mmimman an...-3 not fbrm part ms? the estate crime nomtmtor.

«3.<'.'r.. 1'21' or she» givzaigrazazats at the I;'om~t:ss\ in Imlia, raferama is ssea-is be the. .»zngu.«m M' 4 ~ was t.agx-zen cut; W am sazziarsen on his own life 0:;

In mat afasa :3 policy :3! insurance bahs._3n'.' oi.' his w1f'o'a sistar, iflsa M1165, misi 'aha 3:011:23' gairevimvti that 'fixes satiles, her cxamaxors, aimimstratars an: ae;:a1g'2:s, maul»: be eutitleri to rmaiva aha zmliey a*on«'.%y.3. an his death. 3iam.£aa'r33 5:, 'ma as'-ewvi 9% P133 -_t.1m:s: , mt;/31 nsﬁ ?:tzs3 policyr , ~:.»A..n»-3

1. 3.1~cr..:=.v use mré: 'W:-:"::n£ef1c1=$lly interested".

"av. I-'. €1a...~::-:1 1-3.5. 451, :-a£aa~rad to 3.3 . , -- i c , 1 '..<..: 1;' Ff' ".

'P V:

.1 '7' ' " 'V' 9 1 '*:ho3}n 342141 the pmnzitms till his daazzza; and the question for ﬁaeisian was whathar the legal personal rapre- ss¥:s1:'at1w-;£:» of visa atilm: warn trtmtaas far t,h.ea 3:-oliézy E?;:JDZ33y:5» :22»: the 163211 mt-semi retpresancatives at sanderson.

Jay»-.:o, 5., quoted the following atatazmnt of ram ﬁwmy in mug v~ Ia.zl.an7=-

"'It as pqretmso be , t;'n:~. <~=re:.=uv~;-man in tint. that laﬁﬁgn ugjmagw for ma qussrmn what.» ways the zmnesr,

71.?.!X1.ﬁ$;5 the gsarties sham in the ralation cxf param. am child.

'Why, in sh-as '.'<I"9i§e!!'{v case a penny was tmsm am; 13' Fir. uéiniﬂrﬁﬂﬁ 9» great many 3-aars'a.m_. and the mm of $333 »-$t:ﬁ.le:.~. azszseraz-s. in the policy as the *;::ar:mn ta the >:.ez1ey is to brag rm.1;£. "me pcliay mg: maven' 'naxxia-ri ta her, gm "rug 3-,'; my 5133, am! the ;}I'ti3%E?E§.El$'::= were always paw, anﬁ. n:a1'o mid mar may yaM's after her 'iaeth, I3 zazanzizxrson.

That,' really £1 ease sf' 523;: taking the ggoliay out in the xmma cf' armﬁmr, that m 1: @3333 V» .333V'o 7%}, 83- Fioszition in Gui .1.

calm "£t»c¢3::vas really to this: a p-swchasa by one in .3; an i«.3;;ggg:!_. 'Eh-arerora, in epinmn, 511-» mmzxgh 321$ legal =,;mr&arzf2.1 repremxttativa :31' the: lmy in 1;h?.;$ c:~;--..:=se wouli ha emu rzerran ant.i.tLe'ii ta rwniva ttw mosmy at. law! mg to gives arrermig-at far it, in aqxzmy the money belongs to the legtl mrsomi represmatatim "ér. amnaarson, mm 'soak can the yeliay."

It mg: be noted that the mmimea am: not stzuziim in such .3 ralamonshiga as tza raise as 5216*

3..

saxzugmien <32' m intmuon he henaamt the nomime.

$5.7. The przsaatiao in tha T-3z:1t®:'1 L;-'hates must to 'an to allow the inaured pagans (in mm inmzranne) to ";iaa153n&t$" 3 be::1ef1c5.19.r§:;.M ,ass1g:m"-szxt or the galley 1:3 aim perndssi 121$. ma exprussion "numb- nntion" 5.3 mt, rxzwmm', g;:mr.-ra.3.1y- usevi in.1a:;ga1 4 parlamm in can matext in the LI..~.~;.

3.. »:im @1533 in parts it"5.«'%, mug.

7'... §7'&1'Tlg.2'%§.'!.3h:3 6.8 to 73.14, Laﬂg.

meta $.15, mm.

«sh Far gem}:-a1~:uscuaa1an, we amyclepuoclia at the 3:011 7' "I:zs11r§mea".

iﬁosition sf bemﬁciary.

illztsmsa of km:-naﬁaiariara

- Tna Primry aemﬂeiary.

5.3.

Syaszzranea paliey in tha %j...a'.«'~. any be that stated in

3. 'ariaf:

"Me poation of the btatmficisszry xmder a life» 'me benafietary 1.5 the: pa:-zsan mama in a life insurance policy to meaiwa that bmafit; payabla an the rimth of the znzumad. ffhat person 3.$ not a. aantraating party marl 43:-:i1mr:£.1y oemmt exeraise aw mnuaatvml rights grim: to the math or the 1n;:ura:1.

ﬁécvorttmleas, the polmy is aszpliascl tbs' uni kept 1::

fans przzmrziy for the bemnt or the bvamfiemry. ﬂaming the imﬂeimry, thsnfora, 13 am at 'she must important. mtiens the agwlialﬁnt takes, and his right ta ¢hanga ms:-; ieaigaatien mam' it he w1a't.m:s, azzal as often as E": wgzrhas, 1:; can of we most significant 2-ights he aaqsxires zmier the mmmct.

5.9. ﬁbers are we gain $13 was of banaficiarias -

pxvsmry an.-2 aonsmgam' - in the a..:.sn.a..

The agmliaant iasignates the bemﬁciary siﬁgaly by stating 1:: the ::p'§11on't1oVn the name or mmaa of mm ;3aI"E9n:§ ta mom he wishes the: aompaw ta 1:219 wnamt 'me at 233.4; .;~.aa*5h, Ha my ssmacify that it he ;§&*.3..'i :22 ans ;,;.:a::;~»c:r: llama, or than: it he Sh8$£9'i 2125* gaverral per-ﬂan'; tr. pz'::ycrt5_o~ns as has my

1. -Erszizar 5: Beailess, mu an'! um Life Inswaace Sonttraab (}.~'£%ﬁ8}. page mail. ?at Famt we .m his :2 5' bana.§'1v::1a:ry .

~53- '1 A;

1z,z:i:.1.a::*:.t ." are try:-:= bamafizsiariaa.

In iﬁayss mm the policy was a.;:>,n11m'1 for an: j,'~:*.;gx:"'s his rigzts an-'s?m~ 1t, ?lﬂ'£"«?3 sci' man a =>;z:~:,:n"a that may haecwsaez an asset in ,;; esstzstre is': him: emf:-1; of his zieath priur tn the ﬁaam of cm': izasurai. Is': facﬁ, even whawaftim zasmwaa'; 3115253131.'? appliqei tbs: am mined the policy, 'ma '.:-mssﬂmiary was after: eenzsiriarsrl ':43 have :1 mataci interest. .~3ubJe-99; to baixzg ﬁvsstai. 'EH13 ta:-eatarﬁ g;r.mz2-ti:-.:a1 ::rot~1T:s»:rea, gsmrticmlarly «tram the 123s*:J:'!3..:3,-- :'sur*¢1Lv*+3d am: zxmaﬂaiary tar mlny yaazrs, for the exztata of tha 'mmfieiary mS.;~;M; have aloaad long: infers tin»: bauaarua *;3zzyab3.&. 4 'fat the ;;>1*:*:)M~e::'i3 woitlii ratilli in 'fx-:;.uy:3.?}:§.é3 ':31: the estate.

5.1%. Eb? that ra=*.;;a:1, abazzt the icaagimﬁig Of' C1113 eamury, zwxztgmnias 'aegmrs pmvi-"ﬂing in their policies that if tllw mrsefiaiary :i%_iz~;-i mfore :£m;:.:r¢2r':, the «mutt: bxamﬂt maul'? 'm nayahle to the esmm .31' the 1%n.azu":e<L. {arm eaiimimte-:1 the possibility that ma iaanwa mrwjek-=«::».a'."';"i; :::;~*:::..3 3*.'fr.'!¢£'}.*;;'z8 gmyable ia the en-amte cat' m-mo?» $13 %::.%-"1 ::3ié3';'i. may ygarn hrafarzs, ma! it is '-

tha gtamml garaatica ':-:r'ia.;v.

Gwmtier %5uu'i1t~rs, Lav that fairs Ia:r.Ir::mw :;3o::£;xja.at (196%), gzzeeggas 14%-'1*§:3.

.3. skm-fm' 5%: Baa-;i1~2:.2, Law the Life Insurance i3er!t«Tx*&-:22; 4} }5'7*~'&3 , 1%-1=}5.

'. "Ire? vn' f%s=.a'<1s2:., ¥.....=m ::.».:'s:*'é the: §,.?..;'a» Irmz~;:.:':s.naa zxti mgaarzh mraafieiary .

Jatt an rat a g'$0.~"Yi*3:1t -

szmezz 2303?' nﬂyae.

5.11. at the same cizzza, the am? gaalicy provision areataei a ﬂaw contingmey that might be r;:rawl.i<9:'3 amlnﬁt - the mssibility that the first-na1'3e.::1 ' 13/snatlaiargr miggat 319 before the? inmra-.~1 ems? the math basneflt hacosmsa payable to tbs estate: csf -mm inauraa. Ha: it became gaoaslblo fro: the fLr.3urad to at , was wul-3: have the T right to retain um zmath bensﬂt 1.1' the primary bwaﬁoiary siid mt surviwe the insured. Am! since the oontingant tmxaticmry might also prusiweuraa the lnmzragi, cnfst companies toamy gzarmit the xnssweszi to mm a zaehongi ezomingent; beneficiary. .5te':.r.zaraon"r. will be .-m--s~?.o to this pewsen if share no surv.1'v1ng primary at first contingent temficiary at the cimth of than insmred.

5.13. A sgmoial gzrocodura available in the U.:$..A. 12:-aieer "sattlament agrmmant" shomsfi 8113:: be sober}. me a:_:)p*1.1wm'h rear 6; policy mu. arainarily mm a mntizzgant er sausage": nayeze unrier a aettlemnt agxraammt, whmae riwts oer:-aspond to, mt are oriimrtly mnstiiiwnbly more extemim thnn, clacarm of the contuzgent car zmcoesaar bamﬂeiary in a cram-sum ziasi gmtion.

ﬂa rights of mm contingent beneficiary 1:; :1. ono-sum riadgmtiunvaro dctarmtneyti as of the momma thaa imxzzreta -.1135. If, at that time, the f1r:~;t-named or sasrlmry b~e:naﬁ.ciary living, em rights of ans mat: agent» at :.mcce:* not mamﬂuiary are autom:a::1'cal 1y a*xt2ingu1sim=r£. true primary bmefieiary taken all.

If the primary 'immtiaiary alias imaesaiiatmly z:hsareL~ gfﬁgr' paygggnt 4' 9:; ,z.,,~_ : 4' ' sa."

3. ﬁj <35' tha yrimry benatminry.

'insist ax aeatlament agreement, on em: ciztmr hunt}, the: monttlngent payae may also be liiﬂffle a gg mg". 315 rights are net'. naemrsuarily excl rmnsmé by the ziea-ah at 1:11» inswed while the prisrary hens-~ ﬁaiary living. Gftsm, by tag pmviisians of the sattlmmt zgyeazzmnt, such 3 sm:»ceasu.r r;;~;y.v2e antitleri to take my txngyaifi amounts or instalmmta remining 't3n;}&31.<3 at the mum of she primary bm:eﬁ- (nary or payaa. 'Ihmi, 3.'! tbs primary bvéznefiaiary livasa to r«as:~a:§.vn 3.11., the gzsaymnts 3«rOv1%1e;i for (or ta withdraw the? taotétl gsroweds 1:' tzm rights: of wittxiraaal is grmﬁud), this suvaeessar payee'; rigxts #111 be :1: tarmmtawi. ﬁaweveaxr, 1? mm primary hem fiaiang =im:s not exhaust ttm ':._2rno».=.>ods flaring her :11mm me, the 3"I='!3JZ':8$.':"»¢301" gmyao £33' payws *':auca-fwd" Cw thnir ﬂy mm $ﬂ¢%'i%:e::sts),' to My funds remaining at her ri%'t&h.1 L L. m*¢we~r 5%: aauzllaa. Law an: the Life Inmirame Wntrizt (1.9%), page 151.

'2. élsruasxaw &- mantles, Law and tha I.11'o»Izzs=m~nne:a Contract (1%), page 1.53..

331:1 tutors:

wheat ~-

ﬁatianaz.

4$%*1"'G'1:3»a Li 1?";

I£'l.3's§'&~ﬂ€l6a ss.2.:a. A 53:: have it more comrota pieturn or the Ame:-iecm %1a-»:, 11: mulﬁ aim in &1z'.(sf'.1I. he 'refer, by way of illuatramann, ta one :31' the statutory schemes ca?

112': insznwzmca in fume in the 9.5.3" - the fiaucsml.

xswvico Li re Iasuranm iprimarl. 13' means for rrzmbars of the armd. tarcea and vazaransl. 'sis gauze the .5.

material atastztaxw provimans fram mo ms. 1'-ode -

(M ifha izasumzi shall have the right '60 aiawigmte the aealnaiary or hanattaiarias of inmmsqsm mturirtg on 01' aftar iugntst 1.. 19%, an-3 ahaju, auhsemz to raguiations, at all times have the rig': to utwnata the 'canal!-<31a!y or beam» £'1a§.m-1.95 32' such in-ssumawee without the aonmnt 6:9?' .meh banaficiary or h!'§I33f5."3.1.a~ri35-I (bi Ijzzsurance maturing. an at after éugust 3., 1316, shall ire ;v.ay.:<2.b19 in aomrdaxraa with we i'c1.1m:£ng apmaml 2:29-ias of satnlesaantt ocwsond 00000: visit!

3.;

'f='33§.!:e:.-xi ~S'I;at.va3 '3a"$e iaz1!I::tat;«3;i, '21 1:19 3% (1'£'5é'I'%'?%), page 533'!» ﬁattoml sarviae Life Ix:3'u:r'a:1£m, seamen 717.

"[;Por€1 on ralatim to optimal modes of se?;;s1ament not qnateij.

La} Ezalwa ms: 1n.=.sm-erti ealaets exam other mic cf zmttlwmant, aunt: insizrame small ha payable tea the ﬁasigmgevi benatiaiargripr 'hams- fiainrias -in *:.h1rt.y~six equal monthly mstaJ.- mats. 'The fires; Ermefleiary my aims: to rscetrd payment any option which pruvuers for maysaant over £5. lcager wrioci 95;' 'time than me ogttiguz aleote-i by the imsurer}, or if nu':

0371216333 has men aleateahy 'aha 1nsu:*e-ii in excess at thirty-$.21 maths.

CIUIII CIIOII DIGOIO

(ii) If the benaficiaz? 9? such 1n$:xx'.-tznrae is tmt:1t3.er:1 ta lrmpmm aattlsmeat but éleats xsmxza nﬁhar nxcrie of ssestlzawtswnt; a::~.u°. tiiaa before mac}. vim:

all 'aha bmafits zine ansﬁ. payable under suck: movie at ztsattlamnt, aha p!'e.:ae33'2t value at the twining mzpaza amount shall be payable can we as «:9 of the mmﬁeiary. If no baneticxiary 5.5 aiesignatad by the 1rrsursa-3, car 1?' a faaiggnatad bataficmry item not survltm tzmz 1n*s2:r=a.i, er if 2: a3.as1gnata»:1 bemaficiwy am: 9:31;: tlawd. ta ta 1?12:c;:.2-2.13:3 settlmmnt s:.rx*u1ve:ss '&'x==~2 1n:=,ui'a-3, :2 :11 as before :*eeaixr.lz::g 2&1}. t?.t&- '..:emf'.U..:s:. 'me arid 'gt-1:y*,:3.'2}_:3, tam-xvttm vaamt-ad value': ef' the msmairzingg 3.':-.*':=;:«~i1 "5 1:33 wanes at gm: 1)? V aasimntm bemﬂainry.

As. 91 gmmt .

"(v»mai;hsz:r amtruezi gr not} est»-«.11 be 9325: in one he than estatca of the inmzreeti. In no swat shml than be my paymsnt to the astute of the imam:-vad ear or the taenafieiary «of any amass it. shown amt any ma paid. will reﬁt esanaatz.

&9'Q'0§ 'Q0000 QOCCQO 5:143:

%1.3.A. is regarded as as vacated: pmporty rigt. In 'rm right of um: ﬂesigrmtaﬁ mm notary in View at the: fact that the mar raaaervaa to the insured 2:110 Piﬂlﬂ to change the ban-e£'5..-giary of a Iiatieml aavtac 1.1!» I zwuranee Policy, the beneficiary named his m v0.<ste«.i right in polieima prim: to thé death of cm inszzrazi, but, the itxswoﬁ dies without having ahangazi mm mm fleimy , the rights 0? the namaﬁ mwmainry Zzwomss veataﬁ.

5_.3.:3. mm as rem:-is as "analyzed" bsmﬂmary. as be awigrmzmt. $23 '€I.e~:3.~i., the fallowim statutary '9foﬁa?10§a;w::l1imb1e to natioml service 13 lmmrunce paueiaa vault: be sf' 1n'sarastu-

3: Vo g (60330 133 'Jsﬁsﬁcﬁo 'fitlé 3%' pugs 3:61, wig: "ﬁniaoml muae Lira Insurance". ~ 13 . Uuﬁgogoin V010 38,' I%uﬂ3 71$' 33%-

(MT ss.::w.g,n:::aant;2s of all or my part; 9:' the btéxxéflaiaryw imaroat my be made w 6!. {maiz- mtoﬁg bsenaﬂaiary ha 21. wtiow, 'a-tlciawar, «::h11:3,. mam», m'm~::=.-zr, manﬁfathar, ganslsaother, mathasr, at' misétar :32.' the inaarezmmi, man 'chm ':iaa1gnat;~es:f! oontxmgant bsxnefiaiaty, 11? 'M3, joins the bem~ ftazmry in she, 3.35:1 gramezat, and 1 t' than assigmxzant ta aieliwareai sea taste Vetwans' mzinishrntion harem my gaaymuntzs :3: tbs iusararnn shall haw man maﬁa M time hmmticmry. Iiownvw, an 1_:':'?.'.e:3t*s3t; inany Immunity, '#3183'; ausgignoei, magi]. ha payable: §.r'1 aqml zszunmly 1x'ss€;a.1r::¢n:.<s in mm mitipla of twelve as mast nearly ocmnls the number of inatalmurms curtain under such annuity, or in we inzmirad and forty instalmnts, mink» am: 5.3 the 1621331'. The *;;«ro=vi..%1ona at this sub- aomainn :x.§m_11 mt he :«T:.pp1.l<3il?31G to inazn-mac» mtwiné: an or after 'abet was of umetzwnt of 1 this zmzxtmzeeu {hi maapt an to insznmnca gamma zmder the pmwismns of auction 7é22€b) :35' this title, any {gamma ta mom 'imam-anoa mturing an or after

1. ¥.-I.3.C...€?.a 333%!!!) 73.3' "the dam': :31' mactwt of this santanca 1:; z:~!«y'£xb1£§ my asaigia all 31*' any portion of his intermt in man 1::m.u'£.nca to it 21305:, widower, ustxilm, mthm-., anther, .g:mdfa::ner, grandmother, bruthzar M 5:31:32 of the inaumsi mm: mm e_.:as1g~ mam ae.n1;i ngent bemaficiary, if any,' 331;: mg tsenofiemxy in the azstsnxcmt. Each jainieg mm: not his rucguxreci in any «mm in «hint: that inaazxzmnca praaes-as are payahls 111 & lump sum.

Dudunmls.

of «madman .

5.1: in vim of mast we have stated. in the outlier amptm-a,,_w raeowd that the no-mm (.1x._m__an:-

urﬁ if he is a. parmt, menu or child at the holder Jr tam gone: cf um inmruwai, mznzld he barmticnlly

3..

outitzlmi to the ammrt swarm: by the puliey. 'me rumns yxstltyizzz such an maandmerzt have men air-«aria; mntturnaa ourlinr, but my be ruapitutaced lb!-

aoavexzlmua -

(a3 sash an nminont épuld any 'out my rural iatmti-on of the parties.

(M It wank: beacbesiraible Iran the paint of viunr of metal J¥L'it3.¢$¢ ' (a) me Leaslanwa hag, in several gmetmntm wmvetaa with pmviiiant funds and has 11%, aceepted thee ynmiplc or mania: 3m-suicsa refared to abmre ma} hug main prov!..:a5.an:s» warm-rinﬁ hamacial rigxts on that nasdme. more 154 no twee! to treat amtmts me 1: 'E21123. 1.5 subject to para €347, 3.31%. run 3.6., mm.

7?. ?a.1'aa 3&5, ,@I:;:.

4. Para 4.?'-3; ,ﬁ§.

*5. awaken' #5:, ,%.

Gonsisiaratians or soazlﬁl Saﬁtiﬁﬁo ﬁxsssaigmaxsr.

mt a :n.-!:'1:-

manor? sramiia 1:13:11 maﬁa.

znxim a life; inmn-zzmce policy ftifﬁarantly tram, my, amwnts plated. in as fﬁrofliiﬁﬁt mud in this respect in the was of relativas belongw to the class saaxztieﬁnd aha-va. I 6.3. we Ara mt m'ﬂi!&1"6 that am' rebomeminticszrxl he treat certain mains-at as banuaf'1¢1.t11y antitled ﬁwﬂnta to cmnging gnaw legal positicun ms umerstzaod 11*; mm High =3an:'ts.. mt. we venture to mm: out that in term of human maﬁa gxpoataﬁomg and 123 the contsxt car :&oc1s2.1..3ust1es, what we are: raw» nnunéitng should this sum aacmtable than an proaent pnait1onA.

8.3.

ugmmt, we my state that it 1:. was that 'aha iv any of antinigating 1 pcsazibia com1t.ar~ inmnwi trzarazm can always make 432 assignment 5-antic}: 3% of the Inutmanae ﬁat. ﬂawawr, in raw Opilﬂﬁﬂ, this would mt he a aatiszfactory zzzeéiwé'. in every case. :1. gersarx man makes a nomination might Aieﬁm to retain the bamnt x of that policy, in ease he émrviveza the matinee. If he: znigcas an waxw- asant of the gaonaw, ha 3.05333 emu: facility. E~<*oreo'var', an a.i:$ig:1maa'::t aazzmt; be rewkesi, while an mmimatiozz 1- Mr" 5*}-1 H333»-

*. 39¢ ﬁihwhaw 1?.» 8%.

Soc wpwr 33;

5%;    u



Mar ralavhinn
- The 'ﬁngli an
approach an 9:6
ma: 1-¢1a:*c1vn.sA.

-613-

man. we M" not, umraﬂozv-3, am any roman why a ,»:;er»aan s.t10'u.L:'!k be rirtvsn ta xakiag an asaiésarezaat, mm M -'imsg mt. iz'°:'§:em:i that tna trmafer abeulri be oparnthm men 1.2 irrauaeable and éivwatiti '70:

%.4. we my arm that ear approach, which fawara xaaciaal gxrmﬁaiona for ammiwstiem aesainin favour «of eras:-tam near reastivas, while supportumi by madarn Vets' olrlr 3'£ﬁ1aim1 '$8-£'i!£1£1J'1!'$ tiaﬁling 213?: mmlogous zxitimhiozm have anew: zmbstaazztially um same agmmach. In this anntaxg, we may rats? to cm of the lcexiiszg ﬁnglim eases, =%m1.m:.£ in ma lath mantury on the snbjeat at"

after making that statsamt that a soeizal manna, is mat a tctai imovatlon.

resulting truzzta.

ramlting trust my be mmttad tar cirmmﬁtmeas in evixianee (In the was: :22' as ia*§:a.3. aatata mica: in the mm of anathsar '§"£Z'Si»a':"i), the ,j%1£ig;§i$nt of are 3.3.

ob.-aarvwaaz "The Games; 56:: em star.» 21133232', anzi prove am: tdm aireszmatamw cf' (me or mere .9!' him .mm:£::«m3 being .9. ehilai er cmlsﬁxm at the mu'-« chasm. £2: to oparate E3 ramtttag the ra:ssu2.t1ng is W, V: W; E! 351' EQQ 4:33,: 9'3' $.33, 94, €35??? 'I3-73*): Qwwﬁ 5-3 Eﬁilhﬁ V0 28313: (19693 weakly Ia-aw imports $65, 990 (t!.L.}.

6. 5.

"trust; am it has iﬁiﬁﬁ dotgoruimé in so man! was that t.h~.a mama having a amid 1131}. have men agmratian as airmamsésaaoo of Humans, ' that we ahanm be ﬁiaturmns land-latte at am mfrae: oithar of those ta bl azllmi. in qansﬂon, manly, that suuhralrems- smear mil mm: the n.-32118133 mm, and that 11: 3:12:11 dc an as a airmmnam-9 of mama."

' 1 1;: at 3'-want. judgaenns at ﬁouit or Lama, Lard ﬁpjnttm, aftw rupredzwing the passage from we surlmmt or age: ma. qmcad ahovuﬁebsanvoa 3.3 ﬁllmrst -

"ﬁrm remarks of my 6.3. in ultuon to & alztilaabaaag a mane: are small: a.pp11:aa.h1a to "then was where a. wire is an nunima. fhnsmh mrmllty rutcrreeﬁ ﬁe as a presumption of me nmamnt, it ia on warm than a an-cwitnnso at endow; whiah my what. the grasmpptian of I"&$u'!.1:-1:8 trust, and the loarmé editors of ¥ﬂ1.'l.!'.c_&ad ram: mg vacant}. to ruam! that:

rawius at 1:. 7% that 'all rusulﬂma' trusts ram: arise singly from amiable ptosuwticnsg

1..

'in man, {was} 2 'afeckly uraspazts

966., 5:399.

*?- hat V» kits PH!" 5&1: mm» ﬁghts of survixm-ea at nmuanuu.

mum of nnminaa not ta bu himar man than his poraan mung mm-

zntion.

qr 5.7.

Q65-or may he rabuttsxi by pair-oz evl-?$tmce.....A..'. ma doctrine applian eqmxiy to pa-aom3.t;y.*' 6.6. met: as ragaris the xmrits of the ptogaoseri 3!%ﬂ$.i%ﬂto mtstwa 02' wall.

that we have maomawlﬁ 1s moat: 103;': to ma Let as am: addrmss omﬁsslvas to some atﬁctly sgeaxing, tha aasmﬁment 'armor poaitmn that 11', after the maturity of the vpoliw am bazaars the actual payment,' the mainea or mamas die, than ma hare: or the mums mull he anti ﬁler: to the prapartiamte amount. Hows-near, 12:

chic: tn amid aozzhiizs in futcearq, it snoulri also: be mm»: gmvzaacé that mmmxrs at the namnm 2:111 in such a sitzmtiaa btaxxtitlsed '60 the amunt.

It is ohvims that when a person mums a mutation, ha eamaat center an the naminava any right:

higher than was he himself has. for oxmpxa, in the also or A 90116;? mien uaulﬁ farm pitrt at the pa:-oputy of as aoyaraamry, the mums:-on (or any otm-er an-is of conferring darivativa title) unmet eihange we aapareamry abuw:t;az" of the policy. As is ofbm said, the stream otnaut rise highs' than the :aou:-4:9. 'ibis pbﬁitiﬁn is iimpliait. fhwﬁer, ta avoid tioubts in tzhm rental, we have aensiziororl it grower, way

2.. m. mama. rs-r.&=~ me A11. 64 main: muzily}. % fuammnuxy dispoaatmn.

Rights or minim» 1.328: an of smmtunt. am:~'c3.on, to mice 1?: clear in the annulment rcaonnnadiai w am that ma mama @113. be homllaially «mum émlasa :2; 15 that mm mm» or the mliay, having rcgarsi ta we nature at Mae title to the policy; «cum not mun azmturrod any meta bumm- mm. MEI: an the mutate.

8.8. The right moving km the annular! Vpfaﬂdon Evhaisher it be at right of the Mdm-0 at M' his hairs) mum to miageet no my znemmtary azxapasmon 5:

ma mum ta mm: the mnzmmn relates, mum main ':3' ma ;:e1*m.r: mixing the mmamﬂ on, subwmerrt to the mmmtian. "ma qzmli ﬂmuon Iithcémh not fmmd in the ma§t§anta ralantimzi to the ﬁfovmmt 3 mm mm tbs limit in airway aamainazt in the mast, and my be: rsmiuosi, at Lanai: until the wurum of tin» p!'o;&08o<i zmanamnt. 1:: man.

6.9. 'dc my wantian mat the masses: us.' than rum-

yactiw riﬁita Law 33 asi' various. pawsona Hhh bemmo mnena:.a.11y antitlasi unérlar 3 grollar 2.3 cm banana the wage of the: liuitugl qtmshian be which was arm:-gas amaalvss, arm was mad man; nxqaross any oylaten in mm glsttaa'. 'ﬁne questian is a genaml one, not eanﬁned to mamas zanly 3.13:1'. coulfi (far anuyle) man as

1.. mutate: 41, 3333.

> '7'. zﬁaahian 3:36:12), I2-xmrawe Am, 1938; par: 3.1, 'mag.

botaraan assiyraas alas, cur M batman any Mmr par':-;::':::1 havxzag 5: i£s3r1ze:».i::£9*a tsitla.

mw%dae:..on 5.1a. In' am ugh: or the above diaaussion, we be revive soctimz W, rmummzri. that in amtian of tha Irxszz:-was mt, Inuwanaa am. 19333 ta: the m1.1zw§.ng mb-aaanwns shmxlei bu inanrmd irmnrting new mxhwwticna. tartar --9'=uh-rsmizizm {E}:-

1. Far this nrew-ant 2;'-station :25, we pans; 2.1, i.'£&§&.

g 1 van trot"

.1». viz. the =snr:'%1--i1£:;.* or sasattcm 3M5}, imsmantx-3 wt, 135% 53ﬂ1'3£t1':':2.$52v ?*?5a1"r1e=::i ezomanw ?:~o»gsa-ty wt, mm, satiua 5(1), laat ggragrayh.

as be teammnwsry ﬁwgzeslticns, sea 3394.21.02:

39(3), Insaaaae act, 1?" .

ﬁaetmn :4.9*('?J, Irmn'n.n¢a Ant 19$ ---

; mt:-gm:

and Iruaat.

~69- 6--.13.... In atria ta uoaapluta the aissnssznn, am any, at 3213.3 stage, salsa rota!" tn the ﬁaagaort at the Law %Iaa1s1Aan an the ﬁurriad i#aenII.'z"s Mupartr -mat. 'E374, wr mating agrw ahmmesgeofo toaumwxionil in the: Inam-'same sat, 1953.. ifhe firm point mail: with 11': that iiagwart enaaarswi suction mi?) of the Insurance Act uhiah, at pxiwmtg ozéalndcs tha applianuen of the 'p:*ov1.~m:~.ns surf awtinn 3&3 ta amt pgliey of 11!» inﬂame to utxieh swans: 6 of the zshrriaﬁ 'cabana': I-'xauporty swat, W74 3§F11$'-33 at tug. at am? tixan. tgpliad.

nu Law ﬁauiaﬂoa poiﬁad nut that a gvarann mm iwtrica ta grate a trust maria' aaatinn S M.' the Martian iimnnm Pra,-zmrty éxet. 1374, my, by 4: mir- rznaantazxﬂtzag cf the law at' ziuwzxgh slip at imoz-Irma, _ in tin policy. In such at mu; ihat mzzscml-zi pramil 1:5 'aha trmet atrial' suction 6, am'. mt ma m:a=5..mt:1.¢n. ftaé -iusmasaoa mtazi that as am pmvzlm to section 39{':?} at am ;cns:n'an»::au M6,

1. Jim!' ﬁafmzsszian at Inaiiéa, 661;}: mpgrt {33hrI':la»~.1 Hum': ";=*I*amm--.g mat, 138:3}, Chxptaar 8.

22. my cmusuan of' igaslia, aw: iwport {mum Wuhan': ¥~'*m9eri:y get, 3.35%}, wmywhs 15.153,

3. ram: %m:::~stan :2? in:-1123, wan Report £:--'m:r1--esd 'v$n!mn's iﬁwupartfy Mat, J.3B:~?t), pas.-nymph 3.5%.

csacta.-an +%i3(7} 3

- Positian of rz!:ii1~:iru::.

:'$oot;1a.n -

Inzwrthm at note in ovary gaoliuy.

19.33 may gums, it poaaibla £9 tank: ﬁve' vies! that the: mwimtian owrri-dos the unﬁt. It ms ciwimbaa ta prcvant stxah 1 aitmttran mats arising. in Maaminasnt ts mctilen 399?}, proviso, Inarzranca A,a%:,_ as: this paint was .I.evaar-ﬁiztsly rsvaauwcnslexl by the fﬁaxasitiaainn.

6.1%. In the same nnpartfa naumumntioa has been mesa ta M3, in stutter: 323%?) of the znaraance ﬁat, an aunttinn at 'ah11<£ren*. me change was amine» qzmntiafi am we maammuzaatlazx he nmpanéi ma «ope cf swziota 6 of 'ma Mt or 'I334 -em as 22:: uxathofiaa n 2?.

.11 rommandntiaa was an may to inset, x';.'a.1.;'E.¢ in vary policy of 112?: 1.nmram;e, at spunria mu iwrassaing it 1199:: the izzsnrad that 11' in wmﬁam I1 trxm amaze =m::4.:1o.n rs car! the 'sﬁrrimi aionatﬁs mmriy Mt, as shall ﬁat wk: 3 mmmﬂon undar saatian 3% of '$.12? Inmn*a.n«sm met.

in the Inwmca ﬁat at' a run: so-ation - action -

wun rmoimmaimi.

3.. Sim: Garm...~_m1~:az: as' iaciia, mm': Kmart Wurzfiari ileum' a ?mmnr'f:.y Ant. 3;;.%3'?4).

"3. Law kmfmmen at lama, H-ﬁat: Ewart (3-£u'r1e:..1 'eicsaows E1309-arty wt, 18%), para 3.5.7'.

Ear 2:92:13 pwposze, the insertion.

.:p:'&s.a.s1:3n sum 31¢: any zutlma " and.

gltlcgaus tqoremaia 223..

'- an -

6. 3.~§. ainee hm amwaimm; 3-ammzmiera by as uses thm axzzrneisian "mandala encttlozﬂ, we gift in an Asppentiix. a 1:2. at an? statutary sew awe!' arafaérmzzana uazim em em-reaaioa "'huim11e.1a11y antitlati" or mwara 'hm male an §}¢V~ Suﬁ'. ﬂaunt Gangnhlur ma sad.

P 01:10 ﬁulrmn Emu:

1'4mb;e1--$e¢rwu'y

1. iéea ﬁppmsﬁix.

7.

£3.

1'0 59915102: 15%;), spun: R4119! inch, 3.3%.

v. , (23653 3.1 a.:.. can. 23?.

371 (Hard iiansleyszlaala).

mmnamgnu, (1579) 49 x...I. em. 3:2, as ﬂifoasal ?*€.¥i.}.

V. $3531, (1£"s;'}£%:} 1 Q.B. -&51._ nag v. mm, (1956) .23 c.x..E.. m, 24?, ;.. g. 4.

tau" 7. ~1 igabqﬂn 9%' (E035 3811.933, 3% (Lard ?'~'bX'1'18}, %-3 (E0311 $53218), O31 "OE 1 'd..L.§i.

mag; 1:. man, txésml 1 ~4.L.n. M3, was €6.41.) 1.03:):

3390 law on mnticn 5, Prottaicnt Find: hot. 15335. mazes law -am ;;=;r';'}.t1ors,.

"rm arriimry rut: la me if pusam are «mmuaa ywmﬁnially to diaraﬁ in an 0-state, they

1. my ban a pa.r1:1t:S.cn."

1..

v. 3343;, (12%) 1.5.3. 13.6 0:1.

W'! :1m3{:*.:;3.J.

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Law Commission Report

Effect Of Nomiation Under Section 39 Insurance Act, 1938