Kerala High Court
Asianet Satellite Communications (P) ... vs The Assistant Secretary on 5 February, 2026
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 1 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024
PETITIONERS:
1 ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD,
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK, TECHNOPARK CAMPUS,
KAZHAKOOTTAM TRIVANDRUM, REPRESENTED BY ITS
SENIOR LEGAL EXECUTIVE, MR. ALEX JOSE PAIKADA,
PIN - 682028
2 ASIANET DIGITAL NETWORK PVT LTD,
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE, 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK TECHNOPARK CAMPUS, KAZHAKOOTTAM,
TRIVANDRUM, REPRESENTED BY ITS SENIOR LEGAL
EXECUTIVE, MR. ALEX JOSE PAIKADA, PIN - 695581
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
SRI. S. RAMESH BABU (SR)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT,
GOVERNMENT SECRETARIATE, TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695001
2 THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD,
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, VYDYUTHI BHAVAN,
PATTOM, TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695004
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 2 2026:KER:9220
3 THE SECRETARY (ADMINISTRATION),
THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD,
VYDYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695004
SRI. B. PREMOD, SC
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).29079/2022, 25201/2021 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 3 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 29079 OF 2022
PETITIONER:
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD,
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK, TECHNOPARK CAMPUS, KAZHAKOOTTAM
TRIVANDRUM- 695 581, REPRESENTED BY ITS SENIOR
LEGAL EXECUTIVE, MR. ALEX JOSE PAIKADA
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
SRI. S. RAMESH BABU (SR)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY,
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR-680 001
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR-680 001, REP BY ITS SECRETARY
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 4 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 25201 OF 2021
PETITIONER:
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD.,
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE, 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK, TECHNOPARK CAMPUS,
KAZHAKOTTAM ,TRIVANDRUM-695 581, REPRESENTED BY
ITS SENIOR LEGAL EXECUTIVE MR.ALEX JOSE PAIKADA
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
SRI. S. RAMESH BABU (SR)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY,
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR-680 001
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR-680 001, REP BY ITS SECRETARY
BY ADV SHRI. SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL, SC, THRISSUR
CORPORATION
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 5 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 25574 OF 2020
PETITIONER:
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS (P) LTD,
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
CARNIVAL TECHNO PARK, TECHNOPARK CAMPUS,
KAZHAKOOTTAM TRIVANDRUM-695 581, REPRESENTED BY
ITS LEGAL EXECUTIVE, MR. ALEX JOSE PAIKADA.
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
SRI. S. RAMESH BABU (SR)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR-680 001.
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION
THRISSUR-680 001 REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY.
BY ADV SHRI. SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL, SC, THRISSUR
CORPORATION
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 6 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 29878 OF 2018
PETITIONER:
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD.
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE, 2A, 2NF FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK, TECHNOPARK CAMPUS, KAZHAKOOTTAM,
TRIVANDRUM - 695 581, REPRESENTED BY ITS LEGAL
EXECUTIVE, MR.ALEX JOSE PAIKADA
BY ADVS. SHRI.S.RAMESH BABU (SR.)
SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR - 680 001
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION
THRISSUR - 680 001, REP.BY ITS SECRETARY.
BY ADV SHRI. SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL, SC, THRISSUR
CORPORATION
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 7 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 35892 OF 2019
PETITIONER:
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK TECHNOPARK CAMPUS, KAZHAKOOTAM,
TRIVANDRUM-695581, REPRESENTED BY ITS LEGAL
EXECUTIVE MR.ALEX JOSE PAIKADA
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
BY ADV. SHRI.S.RAMESH BABU (SR.)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION,
THRISSUR-680001
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION
THRISSUR-680001 REP BY SECRETARY
BY ADV SHRI. SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL, SC, THRISSUR
CORPORATION
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 8 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 30646 OF 2024
PETITIONER
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD.,
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK, TECHNOPARK CAMPUS, KAZHAKOOTTAM,
TRIVANDRUM REPRESENTED BY ITS SENIOR LEGAL
EXECUTIVE, MR.ALEX JOSE PAIKADA, PIN - 695581
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
BY ADV. SHRI.S.RAMESH BABU (SR.)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY,
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION,
MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD, THEKINKADU MAIDAN,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680001
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION,
MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD, THEKINKADU MAIDAN,
THRISSUR REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY,
PIN - 680001
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 9 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 38386 OF 2024
PETITIONER:
ASIANET SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS LTD
REGISTERED AND CORPORATE OFFICE 2A, 2ND FLOOR,
LEELA INFO PARK TECHNOPARK CAMPUS, KAZHAKOOTTAM
TRIVANDRUM- 695 581, REPRESENTED BY ITS SENIOR
LEGAL EXECUTIVE, MR.ALEX JOSE PAIKADA
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
BY ADV. SHRI.S.RAMESH BABU (SR.)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT THRISSUR CORPORATION
MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD, THEKINKADU MAIDAN,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680001
2 THE THRISSUR CORPORATION
MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD THEKINKADU MAIDAN THRISSUR
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 680001
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).40017/2024 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 10 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 44166 OF 2023
PETITIONER:
KERALA VISION LIMITED,
3RD FLOOR, ALPHA COMPLEX,THOPPIN MOODA,
POOTHOLE P.O., THRISSUR, KERALA,
REP. BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR,
MR. JAYAPRAKASH T., PIN - 680004
BY ADVS. SMT.ANJU DAVIS K.
SRI.SANDEEP GOPALAKRISHNAN
SMT.JINNU SARA GEORGE
SHRI. ZAFAR ANTONIO
RESPONDENTS:
1 THRISSUR CORPORATION,
ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT, MUNICIPAL OFFICE RD,
KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA,
REP. BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 680001
2 THE CORPORATION COUNCIL,
THRISSUR CORPORATION MUNICIPAL OFFICE RD,
KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR,
KERALA, REP. BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 680001
3 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED,
VYDYUTHI BHAVANAM, PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
KERALA, REP. BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR,
PIN - 695004
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 11 2026:KER:9220
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
SRI. B. PREMOD, SC
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025 ALONG WITH WP(C).10780/2025, 24281/2025 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 12 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 10780 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
NEXTGEN NETWORK SOLUTIONS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR ANOOP S.,
AGED 45 YEARS, S/O. SIVAMOHANAN V.P.,
POURNAMI HOUSE, KIDANGU, PERINTHALMANNA,
MALAPPURAM, PIN - 679322
BY ADVS. SMT.DAISY A.PHILIPOSE
SRI.JAI GEORGE
SHRI.DARSHAN A.D.
RESPONDENTS:
1 STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE CHIEF SECRETARY, GOVERNMENT OF
KERALA, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
2 THE SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT,
DEPARTMENT OF POWER, GOVT. SECRETARIAT,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
3 BHRATH SANCHAR NIGHAM LTD.,
REPRESENTED BY CHIEF GENERAL MANAGER, BSNL KERALA
CIRCLE, DHOOR SANCHAR BHAVAN, PMG JUNCTION,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695033
4 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED,
REPRESENTED BY CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRECTOR,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 13 2026:KER:9220
VYDHYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
PIN - 695004
5 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER,
ELECTRICAL DIVISION, THRISSUR (WEST), VYDHYUTHI
BHAVANAM, KOTTAPPURAM, THRISSUR, PIN - 680004
6 THE CORPORTAION OF THRISSUR,
REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY, CORPORATION OFFICE,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680001
ADDL.R7 THRISSUR CORPORATION ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT,
MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD, KURUPPAM P.O.,
THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR, PIN 680001
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY
[ADDL. R7 IS IMPLEADED AS PER ORDER DATED
01.4.2025 IN IA 1/25 IN WPC 10780/25]
BY ADVS. SRI.MATHEWS K.PHILIP, SC, BSNL
SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 14 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 24281 OF 2025
PETITIONERS:
1 EXTRA NET SUPPORTS PVT LTD.,
39/4916, DIVANS TOWER,KARIMPATTA CROSS ROAD,
PALLIMUKKU, KOCHI, REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING
DIRECTOR SRI. M.D. RAMACHANDRAN, PIN - 682016
2 EXTRA NET DIGITAL PVT LTD.,
39/4012, DIWAN BUILDING,KARIMPATTA CROSS ROAD,
KOCHI REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR
MR. M.D. RAMACHANDRAN NAIR, PIN - 682016
3 DIVAN CABLE NETWORK, 341/62. DIVAN TOWER,
KARIMPATTA CROSS ROAD,KOCHI REPRESENTED BY ITS
SOLE PROPRIETOR, MR. ACHUTHAN NAIR, PIN - 682016
BY ADVS. SRI.SAJI VARGHESE T.G
SMT.MARIAM MATHAI
SRI. S. RAMESH BABU (SR)
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY,POWER DEPARTMENT,
GOVERNMENT SECRETARIAT,TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695001
2 THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY,VYDYUTHI BHAVAN,
PATTOM,TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695004
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 15 2026:KER:9220
3 THE SECRETARY (ADMINISTRATION),
THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
VYDYUTHI BHAVAN,PATTOM, TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695004
4 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER,
ELECTRICAL DIVISION,VYDYUDHI BHAVAN,
POWER HOUSE ROAD,ERNAKULAM, PIN - 682018
5 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
NORTH PARAVOOR,VADAKKUMPURAM PO, PIN - 683521
6 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
MATTANCHERI,KOCHI, PIN - 682005
7 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
THRIPUNITHURA, PIN - 682301
8 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
CHERTHALA, PIN - 688524
9 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
VAIKOM, PIN - 686141
10 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
ALAPPUZHA, PIN - 688001
11 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
ALUVA, PIN - 683101
BY ADV SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE
ELECTRICITY BOARD
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 16 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 24825 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
ANTONY ROMY, AGED 59 YEARS,
S/O. GEORGE, SANNIDHI, CHEMBRA,
NEAR ST.THERESSA SCHOOL PARAL POST, MAHE,
PONDICHERRY, PIN - 673310
BY ADVS. SHRI.M.SASINDRAN
SHRI.MRINAL CHAND M.
RESPONDENTS:
1 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
VYDHYUTHI BHAVANAM,PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 695004
2 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD,ELECTRICAL DIVISION, THALASSERY,
KANNUR, PIN - 670101
3 STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY TO
GOVERNMENT, ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT, SECRETARIATE,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
BY ADV SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE
ELECTRICITY BOARD
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 17 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 26617 OF 2025
PETITIONERS:
1 ALL KOCHI CABLE OPERATORS FEDERATION (AKCOF),
REG.NO. EKM/TC/102/2025,C/O PERFECT VISION,
YESHUS SHOPPING COMPLEX, U.C COLLEGE P.O.,
ALUVA,REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY ANILKUMAR N,
PIN - 683102
2 MALIK P.A., AGED 53 YEARS,
S/O LATE AHAMMED P.M,PALANCHERRY HOUSE,
PUKKATTUPADY, ALUVA, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 683561
3 DEEPA SHINITH, AGED 46 YEARS,
D/O K.PRABHAKARAN, ASWATHY HOUSE,ASOKAPURAM P.O.,
ALUVA, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683101
4 RAJEEV S., AGED 55 YEARS,
S/O SANKARAPILLAI T.V., REVATHY HOUSE,
EAST KADUNGALLOOR, UC COLLEGE P.O.,
ALUVA,ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683102
5 KRISHNAKUMAR V., AGED 48 YEARS,
S/O VELUPILLA,KEEZHMAD, ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683112
6 ANILA SANTHOSH, AGED 53 YEARS,
D/O SIVAN,KAIPALATHIL HOUSE, EDAYAPPURAM, ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683101
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 18 2026:KER:9220
7 ANILKUMAR N.,AGED 59 YEARS,
S/O NARENDRADAS, UC COLLEGE P.O.,
ALUVA,ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683102
8 BIJU B., AGED 52 YEARS,
S/O N. BABU ,THOTTUMUGHAM P.O.,NEAR G.H. S. S,
KUTTAMASSERY, ALUVA, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 683106
9 BABU A VARGHESE, AGED 54 YEARS,
S/O AUGUSTHY VARGHESE,MOOTHEDATH HOUSE,
MOOTHEDATH LANE,NETHAJI ROAD, ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683101
10 BUBI K.I., AGED 61 YEARS,
S/O ISAK APPAVU, MAMBILLY BUILDING,RAIL ROAD,
ALUVA,ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683101
11 SHEMEER P.A., AGED 47 YEARS,
S/O ABDUL KHATHAR P.A,PUTHUVELIPARAMBIL HOUSE,
PUTHENPURAYIL BUILDING, UC COLLEGE P.O.,
MILLUPADY, ALUVA ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683102
12 K.M JUDE, AGED 56 YEARS,
S/O K.J MICHALE, KOTHERITHARA, NOCHIMA KARA,
ALUVA EAST VILLAGE, NAD PO, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 683563
13 M.A. SHAJI, AGED 57 YEARS,
S/O ABOOBACKER,THOTTATHILPARAMBIL HOUSE,
MUTHIRAPADAM, THAIKKATUKARA P.O.,ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683106
14 IVAN K.J., AGED 57 YEARS,
S/O JOSEPH CHARLY,KURIZUVEETTIL HOUSE,
ASOKAPURAM, ALUVA, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 683101
15 ASOKAN P., AGED 57 YEARS,
S/O PARAMESWARAN NAIR,ULIYANNOOR P.O.,
ALUVA,ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683108
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 19 2026:KER:9220
16 BABU M.R., AGED 54 YEARS,
S/O RAMAN, MAROTTIKKAL HOUSE,VELUPADAM P.O.,
VARANDARAPPILLI,THRISSUR DISTRICT, PIN - 680303
17 SHAIJU BALAKRISHNAN, AGED 40 YEARS,
S/O BALAKRISHNAN,PULICKAL HOUSE,
PAZHANGANAD,KIZHAKKAMBALAM PO.,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683562
18 JAMEEB ALI, AGED 41 YEARS,
S/O V.B ALI, VALIYAPARAMBIL HOUSE,ELOOKARA,
MUPPATHADAM. P.O.,ELOOKARA, ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683110
BY ADVS. SRI.S.SHANAVAS KHAN
SMT.S.INDU
SHRI.GOVIND H. NAIR
RESPONDENTS:
1 UNION OF INDIA,
REPRESENTED BY SECRETARY MINISTRY OF
COMMUNICATION, DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION
SANCHAR BHAVAN 20, ASHOKA ROAD, NEWDELHI,
PIN - 110001
2 THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE CHIEF SECRETARY, GOVERNMENT OF
KERALA,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
3 BHARATH SANCHAR NIGHAM LTD.,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN CUM MANAGING DIRECTOR
HARISH CHANDRA MATHUR LANE, JANPATH, NEW DELHI,
PIN - 110001
4 CHIEF GENERAL MANAGER, BSNL KERALA CIRCLE,
DHOOR SANCHAR BHAVAN, PMG
JUNCTION,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695033
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 20 2026:KER:9220
5 THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD,
VYDHYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,REPRESENTED BY CHAIRMAN AND
MANAGING DIRECTOR, PIN - 695004
6 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
NORTH PARAVUR, VADAKKUMPURAM PO,PARAVUR,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683521
7 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER,
ELECTRICAL DIVISION,KSEBL PERUMBAVOOR,
BEHIND MINI CIVIL STATION, POOPPANI ROAD,
PERUMBAVOOR,ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683542
8 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KSEBL ALUVA, NEAR POWER HOUSE,AM ROAD, ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM DISTRICT, PIN - 683101
BY ADVS. O.M.SHALINA, DEPUTY SOLICITOR GENERAL OF
INDIA
SRI.MATHEWS K.PHILIP, SC, BSNL
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
SMT. SURYA BINOY SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 21 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 28901 OF 2025
PETITIONERS:
1 ABSOLUTE BROADBAND COMMUNICATIONS PVT.LTD.,
AGED 48 YEARS, E1, MUNICIPAL VEGETABLE MARKET
SHOPPING COMPLEX, AM ROAD, PERUMBAVOOR,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR,
MR. M.D. MOHAMMED ASLAM, AGED 49 YEARS,
S/O SHAMSUDDIN, PIN - 683542
2 EXTRA CABLE SERVICES, AM ROAD, THANDEKKAD,
PONJASSERY.P.O, PERUMBAVOOR,REPRESENTED BY ITS
PARTNER,MR.SADATT.M.A, AGED 48 YEARS,
S/O ABDUL JALAL, PIN - 683547
3 STAMPEDE CABLE SERVICES,
FORMERLY KNOWN AS M/S VENGOOR VISION,
ROOM NO. 9/519, 520, MAR KAUMA HIGHER SECONDARY
SCHOOL,VENGOOR.P.O, PERUMBAVOOR, REPRESENTED BY
ITS PROPRIETOR MR. M.D.MOHAMMED ASLAM,
AGED 49 YEARS, S/O SHAMSUDDIN, PIN - 683546
4 CITIVISION, TR/57/1176, A.V.JOHN ALUNKAL ROAD,
NEAR SBI, PADAM STOP, KADAVANTHRA, REPRESENTED BY
ITS PROPRIETOR,RAMAKRISHNAN, AGED 53 YEARS,
S/O.K.KITTUNNI, PIN - 682020
BY ADVS. SRI.JAGAN ABRAHAM M.GEORGE
SRI.JOSEPH GEORGE (KANNAMPUZHA)
SHRI.YOHAAN KAITHARA XAVIER
SHRI.GEORGE JOSEPH
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 22 2026:KER:9220
RESPONDENTS:
1 THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY POWER DEPARTMENT,
GOVERNMENT SECRETARIAT, TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695001
2 THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, VYDYUTHI
BHAVAN,PATTOM, TRIVANDRUM,REPRESENTED BY ITS
MANAGING DIRECTOR, PIN - 695004
3 THE SECRETARY, (ADMINISTRATION),THE KERALA STATE
ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,VYDYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
TRIVANDRUM, PIN - 695004
4 THE EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
PERUMBAVOOR,POOPPANI ROAD, PIN - 683543
5 ELECTRICAL DIVISION, ERNAKULAM, VYDYUTHI BHAVAN,
POWER HOUSE ROAD, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 682018
SR. GP. SMT SURYA BINOY
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025 ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 23 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 29253 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
BINDU P.D., AGED 41 YEARS,
WIFE OF P K KALESH, RESIDING AT PONNAMBIL HOUSE,
MAMBRA, ERAYAMKUDY, THRISSUR, PIN - 680308
BY ADVS. SHRI.AJI V.DEV
SRI.ALAN PRIYADARSHI DEV
SHRI.S.SAJEEVAN
SHRI.JASH C JAMES
RESPONDENTS:
1 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED,
VYDYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM, THIRUVANATHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING
DIRECTOR, PIN - 695004
2 STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO
GOVERNMENT, POWER DEPARTMENT, SECRETARIAT,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
3 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED,
TRIPUNITHURA, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 682301
4 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 24 2026:KER:9220
CHALAKUDY, THRISSUR, PIN - 680307
5 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED, ALUVA,
ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683101
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 25 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 34810 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
M/S. KERALA VISION LIMITED,
3RD FLOOR, ALPHA COMPLEX,THOPPIN MOODA,
POOTHOLE P.O.THRISSUR, KERALA, REP. BY ITS
MANAGING DIRECTOR,MR. JAYAPRAKASH T, PIN - 680004
BY ADVS. SRI.SANDEEP GOPALAKRISHNAN
SMT.JINNU SARA GEORGE
SMT.ANJU DAVIS K.
RESPONDENTS:
1 THRISSUR CORPORATION ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT,
MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD, KURUPPAM,
THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA,
REP. BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 680001
2 THE CORPORATION COUNCIL,
THRISSUR CORPORATION, MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD,
KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA,
REP. BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 680001
3 THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT,
POWER DEPARTMENT, SECRETARIAT,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, KERALA, PIN - 695001
4 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
VYDHYUTHI BHAVANAM, PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 26 2026:KER:9220
KERALA REP. BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR,
PIN - 695004
5 THE NODAL OFFICER,
UNDER THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS (RIGHT OF WAY) RULES
2024,THRISSUR CORPORATION ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT,
THRISSUR CORPORATION, MUNICIPAL OFFICE ROAD,
KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA,
PIN - 680001
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
SRI. B. PREMOD, SC
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 27 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 35490 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
BHARATI FIBER NETWORK, WADAKANCHERY,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER SHAJU PS,
BHARATI FIBER NETWORK WADAKANCHERY,
DOOR NO 19/236, ENAKAKKAD,THRISSUR, PIN - 680589
BY ADVS. SHRI.M.P.SHAMEEM AHAMED
SHRI.AHAMED IQBAL
SHRI.MUHAMMED ASHIQUE
RESPONDENTS:
1 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB WADAKKANCHERY,
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD. REPRESENTED
BY ITS CHAIRMAN, VYDYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
2 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.(KSEB LTD.),
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.REPRESENTED BY
ITS CHAIRMAN,VYDYUTHI BHAVAN ,PATTOM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 28 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 39930 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
FIBERNET SOLUTIONS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PARTNER BY ITS PARTNER,
ABIN DANIEL, HAVING ITS OFFICE AT 1/123,
KURICHIKKARA, THRISSUR, KURUCHIKKARA,
PIN - 680028
BY ADVS. SHRI.M.P.SHAMEEM AHAMED
SHRI.AHAMED IQBAL
SHRI.MUHAMMED ASHIQUE
RESPONDENTS:
1 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB THRISSUR (WEST),
KSEB THRISSUR (WEST),ELECTRICAL DIVISION THRISSUR
(WEST), NEAR MUNICIPAL OFFICE, PALACE RD,
CHEMBUKKAV, THRISSUR, KERALA, PIN - 680020
2 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN,VYDYUTHI BHAVAN,
PATTOM,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 29 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 12680 OF 2024
PETITIONER:
KERALA VISION LIMITED, 3RD FLOOR, ALPHA COMPLEX,
THOPPIN MOODA, POOTHOLE P.O., THRISSUR,
KERALA,EMAIL:[email protected]
PHONE: 0487-2386000, 9846303101 REP. BY ITS
MANAGING DIRECTOR, MR. JAYAPRAKASH T,
PIN - 680004
BY ADVS. SRI.SANDEEP GOPALAKRISHNAN
SMT.JINNU SARA GEORGE
SHRI. ZAFAR ANTONIO
SMT.ANJU DAVIS K.
RESPONDENTS:
1 THRISSUR CORPORATION ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT,
MUNICIPAL OFFICE RD, KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU
MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA, EMAIL:
[email protected]
PHONE: 0487-2423613 REP. BY ITS SECRETARY.,
PIN - 680001
2 THE CORPORATION COUNCIL,
THRISSUR CORPORATION, MUNICIPAL OFFICE RD,
KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR,
KERALA - 680001,REP. BY ITS SECRETARY
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 30 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 44221 OF 2025
PETITIONERS:
1 MUHAMMED RIYAS .M.K., AGED 43 YEARS
S/O ABDUL RAHMAN,PROPRIETOR, M/S.PROBIC VENTURES
LLP NO.19/175 2ND FLOOR, MANGALYA SHOPPING
COMPLEX, MAVOOR, KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673661
2 BINESH, AGED 44 YEARS, M/S.SKY BLUE CABLE VISION,
KARIKKAT BUILDING ,KOODARANHI, KOODARANHI.P.O.,
KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673604
3 DHANYA MANJERI,AGED 43 YEARS,
PROPRIETOR, M/S. VAIVED ENTERPRISES, JUBILEE
BAZAAR, ONDEN ROAD, KANNUR, PIN - 670001
4 SAJAD T.T., AGED 43 YEARS, S/O.SAINABA,
PROPRIETOR, A1 NET WORK, POOKAD, THATHOOR POYIL,
MAVOOR.P.O., KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673661
5 IBRAHIM SULFIKER.E., AGED 42 YEARS,
EZHUNILATH , STRATA COMMUNICATIONS,
KUNNAMANGALAM, KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673571
6 HAREESH.P.M., AGED 42 YEARS,
S/O.VELAYUDHAN.P.M.,PROPRIETOR, M/S.NATIONAL
CAMERA WORKS, PONNARIMEETHAL, PONNARITHAZHAM,
PERUMANNA.P.O., KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673019
BY ADVS. SHRI.G.HARIHARAN
SRI.PRAVEEN.H.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 31 2026:KER:9220
SMT.K.S.SMITHA
SMT.B.R.SINDU
SRI.V.R.SANJEEV KUMAR
SMT.AFNA V.P.
SHRI.V.ROHITH
RESPONDENTS:
1 STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE PRINCIPAL SECRETARY TO
GOVERNMENT, DEPARTMENT OF POWER, SECRETARIAT,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
2 THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,
VYDHYUDI BHAVAN, PATTOM, THIIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING
DIRECTOR, PIN - 695004
3 BOARD OF DIRECTORS, OFFICE OF THE KERALA STATE
ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.,VYDHYUDI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
THIIRUVANANTHAPURAM,REPRESENTED BY COMPANY
SECRETARY (IN CHARGE), PIN - 695004
4 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, GANDHI ROAD,
KOZHIKODE, PIN - 673011
5 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, BALUSSERY,
KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673612
6 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION,KONDOTTY,
MALAPPURAM DISTRICT, PIN - 673638
7 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, EMPEE BLDG,
NEW BRIDGE, FEROKE, KOZHIKODE DISTRICT,
PIN - 673643
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 32 2026:KER:9220
8 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION,SOUTH BAZAR,
KANNUR DISTRICT, PIN - 670002
9 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION,MUNICIPAL
BUILDINGS, KANHANGAD, KASARAGOD DISTRICT,
PIN - 671315
10 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, VADAKARA (6111),
KOZHIKODE DISTRICT, PIN - 673104
11 UNION OF INDIA, REPRESENTED BY THE PRINCIPAL
SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION
AND& BROADCASTING ,ROOM NO 552, A WING, SHASTRI
BHAWAN ,NEW DELHI, PIN - 110001
BY ADVS. SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE
ELECTRICITY BOARD
SHRI.P.ANIRUDHAN, CGC
O.M.SHALINA, DEPUTY SOLICITOR GENERAL OF INDIA
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 33 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 46679 OF 2025
PETITIONERS:
1 EARTH CABLE VISION AND EARTH DIGITAL
COMMUNICATION KODAKARA,
REP. BY ITS PROPRIETOR, LINTESH K.C. AGED 40,
S/O.K.S. CHATHUNNI,KALATHUPARAMBIL HOUSE NEAR
KAVANADU TEMPLE, KANAKAMALA, KODAKARA, THRISSUR,
PIN - 680689
2 ASIA VISION CABLE TV AND BROADBAND NETWORK
REP. BY ITS PROPRIETOR, BABUKUMAR,AGED 52,SON OF
BHASKARAN, SHOP NO.48, AHAMU HAJI BUILDING PADOOR
CENTRE PADOOR .P.O, THRISSUR, PIN - 680616
3 LINK VISION CABLE NETWORK,
REP. BY ITS PROPRIETOR, SALEESH T.D, AGED 49,
SON OF SOUDAMINI,THANDASSERY HOUSE,
KOTHAPARAMBU P.O, ALA SNPURAM, THRISSUR,
PIN - 680668
4 WIFI PLANET, WIFI PLANET, KALLETUMKARA, REP. BY
ITS PROPRIETOR, ANOOP C.P, S/O.PUSHPANGATHAN
CHATHANKATTIL HOUSE, THAZHEKKAD P.O,THRISSUR,
PIN - 680683
5 M VISION CABLE TV NETWORK,
VASAPURAM, MATTATHURKUNNU P.O, MATTATHUR,
REP. BY ITS PROPRIETOR, C.P.VINOD, AGED 54,
SON OF C.K.POULOSE, MATTATHUR, PIN - 680684
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 34 2026:KER:9220
6 AYILYAM AGENCIES, (CABLE TV NETWORK),
PERINGOTTUKARA, REP. BY ITS PROPRIETOR,
RAJESH.P.V, AGED 47,SON OF VASUDEVAN, PATTATT
HOUSE, NEAR SANTA MARIYA SCHOOL, VALLACHIRA
OORAKAM, PIN - 680562
7 HIGHTECH BROAD BAND SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED,
REPRESENTED BY ITS DIRECTOR SIRAJUDHEEN.P.S,
AGED 43, SON OF SIDHIQUE, ALAPPAT BLGS. 383 F,
KOTHAKULAM VALAPPAD THRISSUR, PIN - 680567
8 ASIANET KUNNATH IT NETWORK PUTHENPEEDIKA
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPRIETOR, GIRI,AGED 57,
SON OF THANCHU, KUNNATH HOUSE, NEAR GLPS
PUTHENPEEDIKA, PIN - 680642
9 GINGER NETWORK SOLUTIONS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPRIETOR, ABDUL MANAF P.K,
AGED 50, SON OF KUNJUMOHAMMED, 315 ONEWAY ROAD,
ANNAMANADA, THRISSUR, PIN - 680741
10 COUNTRYCABLE NETWORK, MURIYAD
REP. BY ITS PROPRIETOR, MADHAMOOTHAR SURESHKUMAR,
AGED 75, CHATHRATTIL VEEDU, P.O.MURIYAD THRISSUR,
PIN - 680683
11 ZONIC NETWORKS AZHIKODE,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPRIETOR, RAJEEVAN.N.V,
AGED 57, SON OF VASU, NEDUMPARAMBIL HOUSE,
ERIYAD, THRISSUR, PIN - 680666
12 NEW VISION KATTOOR, REPRESENTED BY ITS
PROPRIETOR, KIRAN P S, S/O. SASI P R,
PARAKATHAI HOUSE, MUPLIYAM, PIN - 680312
BY ADVS. SRI.SAIJO HASSAN
SRI.BENOJ C AUGUSTIN
SMT.DEVI.R.SENS
SRI.U.M.HASSAN
SHRI.M.NOOHUKUNJU SAHIB
SHRI.ABRAHAM J. KANIYAMPADY
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 35 2026:KER:9220
SHRI.SANGEETH MOHAN
SMT.V.P.REJITHA
SHRI.BAPPU GALIB SALAM
SMT.ARDRA P.
SHRI.ABHIJITH PILLAI S.
SHRI.SREYAS SREEKUMAR
RESPONDENTS:
1 STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY PRINCIPAL
SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF POWER, SECRETARIAT,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
2 THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING
DIRECTOR, VYDYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
3 BOARD OF DIRECTORS,
REPRESENTED BY COMPANY SECRETARY (IN CHARGE),
OFFICE OF THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
LIMITED, VYDYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
THIRUVANATHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
4 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, THRISSUR WEST,
PIN - 680004
5 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, CHALAKUDY,
PIN - 680307
6 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KODUNGALLUR,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680664
7 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY
BOARD LTD., ELECTRICAL DIVISION, IRINJALAKUDA,
THRISSUR DISTRICT, PIN - 680121
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 36 2026:KER:9220
8 UNION OF INDIA,
REPRESENTED BY THE PRINCIPAL SECRETARY TO
GOVERNMENT, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION &
BROADCASTING ROOM NO 552, A WING, SHASTRI BHAWAN,
NEW DELHI, PIN - 110001
O.M.SHALINA, DEPUTY SOLICITOR GENERAL OF INDIA
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 37 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 36973 OF 2024
PETITIONERS:
1 ARJUN C A, AGED 27 YEARS,
S/O ANANDAN, PROPRIETOR, KRISHNA VISION NETWORK,
CHULLIPARAMBIL HOUSE, UNJAPPU BUILDINGS, OLARI,
PULLAZHY, THRISSUR, PIN - 680012
2 RANJITH K MATHEW, AGED 42 YEARS,
PARTNER , TECH INNOVATIONS, KAVILPURAYIDATHIL
HOUSE, PALLIKKARA, VTC KUNNATHNADU,
KUMARAPURAM P.O., ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683565
3 SHINE SHABU, AGED 24 YEARS,
PROPRIETOR, V5 COMMUNICATIONS, ALOOKKARAN HOUSE,
AYYANTHOLE,ARANATTUKARA, THRISSUR, PIN - 680003
4 P.S.PRADEEP, AGED 46 YEARS,
DREAMZ CABLE VISION, GROUND FLOOR, NEAR RAILWAY
GATE, KOORKKENCHERY, THRISSUR, PIN - 680307
5 ANANTHU. M.R, AGED 27 YEARS,
S/O MAHESH KUMAR. R., ALIEN BROADBAND, GROUND,
KP -21-477, QC ROAD, PERINAD, KOLLAM,
PIN - 691014
6 VIJAYANTH, AGED 47 YEARS,
S/O NATARAJAN, PROPRIETOR, HI POWER BROADBAND,
PANAMBULLI BUILDING, GANDIGRAM ROAD, VALARKKAVU,
KURIYACHIRA P.O, THRISSUR, PIN - 680006
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 38 2026:KER:9220
7 SUDHEER A, S/O GANGADHARAN, MANAGING PARTNER,
GDS NETWORK, MANANAM, KARIKATH LANE, THRISSUR,
PIN - 680001
8 SOMI JOSE, AGED 21 YEARS,
S/O K.J JOSE, PROPRIETOR, PARAMBY TELEMEDIA,
KSRTC EMPLOYEES CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY BUILDING,
KSRTC BUS STAND, CHALAKUDY, THRISSUR,
PIN - 680307
9 BOBITHAMOL.K, AGED 39 YEARS
W/O ANILKUMAR T.K, NET CITY CABLE NETWORK,
PALAKKATTUTHAZHAM SREE BHADRAKALI TEMPLE,
1ST FLOOR, CKK COMPUTER, ALUVA MUNNAR ROAD,
MARAMPILLY ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683542
10 SHINI S SHERIF, AGED 37 YEARS,
W/O SHERIF, PROPRIETOR, SKY VISION,
NJAVAROOR ROAD, MEENAD, KOLLAM, PIN - 691572
BY ADVS. SRI.PHILIP T.VARGHESE
SRI.THOMAS T.VARGHESE
SMT.ACHU SUBHA ABRAHAM
SMT.V.T.LITHA
SMT.K.R.MONISHA
SHRI.JIJO PAUL
SMT.ANJALI SUNIL
RESPONDENTS:
1 STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY,
DEPARTMENT OF POWER GOVERNMENT KERALA,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 682031
2 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD,
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY,VYDHYUTHI BHAVANAM,
PATTOM PALACE POST,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
PIN - 695004
3 BOARD OF DIRECTORS, REPRESENTED BY ITS COMPANY
SECRETARY-IN-CHARGE,OFFICE OF THE KERALA STATE
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 39 2026:KER:9220
ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,
PIN - 695004
4 DIRECTOR, DISTRIBUTION,(SOUTH/CENTRAL/NORTH/NORTH
MALABAR/IT CR & CAPS),OFFICE OF THE KERALA STATE
ELECTRICITY BOARD LIMITED, VYDHYUTHI BHAVANAM,
PATTOM,THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
5 CHIEF ENGINEER ( DISTRIBUTION ) CENTRAL,
OFFICE OF THE KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
LIMITED,ELECTRICAL DIVISION, VYDHYUTHI BHAVANAM,
ERNAKULAM,POWER HOUSE ROAD, KOCHI, PIN - 682018
6 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
MUVATTUPUZHA, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 686661
7 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB,ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
CHALAKUDY, THRISSUR, PIN - 680307
8 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
PERUMBAVOOR, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683542
9 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB,ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
CHATHANNOOR, KOLLAM, PIN - 691572
10 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KUNDARA, KOLLAM, PIN - 691501
11 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
ADOOR, PATHANAMTHITTA, PIN - 691523
12 THRISSUR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION,
REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, ELECTRICITY
DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR CORPORATION THRISSUR,
PIN - 680020
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
SHRI.B.PREMOD, SC, KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 40 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 43770 OF 2024
PETITIONER:
KERALA VISION LIMITED,
3RD FLOOR, ALPHA COMPLEX, THOPPIN MOODA,
POOTHOLE P.O., THRISSUR, KERALA REP. BY ITS
MANAGING DIRECTOR, MR.JAYAPRAKASH T.,
PIN - 679531
BY ADVS. SRI.SANDEEP GOPALAKRISHNAN
SMT.JINNU SARA GEORGE
SMT.ANJU DAVIS K.
SMT.ANAGHA HARIDAS
RESPONDENTS:
1 THRISSUR CORPORATION ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT,
MUNICIPAL OFFICE RD, KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU
MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA REP. BY ITS SECRETARY,
PIN - 680001
2 THE CORPORATION COUNCIL,
THRISSUR CORPORATION, MUNICIPAL OFFICE RD,
KURUPPAM, THEKKINKADU MAIDAN, THRISSUR, KERALA,
REP. BY ITS SECRETARY, PIN - 680001
BY ADV SHRI.SANTHOSH P.PODUVAL
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 41 2026:KER:9220
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MOHAMMED NIAS C.P.
THURSDAY, THE 5th DAY OF FEBRUARY 2026 / 16TH MAGHA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 45993 OF 2024
PETITIONERS:
1 COMMUNICATION COLLECTIVE, AGED 56 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANGING PARTNER,
C D SREEKUMAR, S/O DAMODARAN, RESIDING AT JANAKI
APARTMENT, KKP ROAD, NEAR CENTRAL POLICE STATION,
ERNAKULAM NORTH P.O., PIN - 682018
2 LINKING FIBRO SOLUTIONS, AGED 49 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR SREEJITH. E. A,
S/O ARAVINDAN, VADAKKUMPURAM P.O,N. PARAVUR,
ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683513
3 P B COMMUNICATIONS, AGED 62 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANGING PARTNER JAYAKUMAR A.M,
S/O, MADHAVAN ALUMPARAMBIL, KARUMALLOOR P. O.,
N. PARAVUR, PIN - 683511
4 MARIYA NETWORKS, AGED 60 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR MICHAEL V.J,
S/O JOSEPH, VEVUKATT HOUSE, VARAPUZHA P.O,
ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683517
5 EXPRESSNET FIBRO SOLUTIONS LLP., AGED 51 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR MANOJ K.P,
S/O PURUSHOTHAMAN, KOCHAMURI,
CHERIYAPALLAMTHURUTH, NORTH PARAVUR.P.O.,
ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683513
6 UDIOM CONSTRUCTIONS, AGED 40 YEARS,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 42 2026:KER:9220
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR
AJITH ARAVINDAN M A, S/O ARAVINDAN,
MATTAPILLY (H), AKAPARAMB, MEKKAD P.O.,
ANGAMALY, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 683589
7 BIT SAFE NET MOOLEDAM KOTTAYAM, AGED 34 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR ARUN PRAKASH
S/O PRAKASH KURIAN KURIAKOSE, 141/B INDIRA NAGAR,
MANGANAM. P.O, KOTTAYAM, PIN - 686018
8 SPS NETWORKS, AGED 40 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR SOJIMON P.M.,
S/O. MATHAI K.P., AGED 40 YEARS, PUTHUCHIRAYIL
HOUSE, CHENGALAM S P.O., KOTTAYAM, PIN - 686022
9 JEEVATECH, AGED 47 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR ARUN KUMAR K.L
S/O KUTTAN PILLAI, ASWATHY BHAVAN, MURUKKUMON,
NILAMEL P.O., KOLLAM, PIN - 691535
10 BETA INFO, AGED 44 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR JAMALUDHEEN K. K.,
S/O SHIABUDHEEN, KALIYARAKATH KAKKATHARAYIL
HOUSE, PERINTHIRUTHI P.O., CHENNARA, MALAPPURAM,
PIN - 676561
11 WORLDLIGHT CABLE NETWORK, AGED 68 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR JUBAIRIYATH
SIDDIQUE ALIAS SALEENA, W/O SIDDIQUE T.A.,
THEKKEMALIYIL HOUSE, UZHUVATHUKADAVU,
KODUNGALLUR, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 680669
12 MGM VISION, AGED 58 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR BIJU M MYALIL,
S/O MATHEW, MYALIL HOUSE, NEAR MAR THOMAN CHURCH.
P.O, MULANTHURUTHY, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 682314
13 ANIOMAX FIBRONET, AGED 56 YEARS,
13/150A, KAKKAD, KATHIKUDAM P.O.,
THRISSUR,REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR
JAYACHANDRAN T S., S/O LATE SUBRAHMANIAN T V,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 43 2026:KER:9220
THEKKOOT HOUSE, KAKKAD, KATHIKUDAM P.O.,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680308
14 ANIOMAX FIBRONET IRINJALAKUDA, AGED 62 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR AJITHAN K R,
S/O LATE RAMAKRISHNAN KANIYAT HOUSE,
SREENARAYANAPURAM, PANANGAD P.O., THRISSUR,
PIN - 680665
15 ARAVIDHAM FTTH CABLE NETWORK., AGED 64 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR ARAVINDHAKSHA
PANICKER, S/O.VELAPPA PANICKER, ARAVINDAM,
PUTHIYAVILA, KANDALLOOR, PATTOLI MARKET,
KARTHIKAPPALLY, ALAPPUZHA, PIN - 690531
16 FUTURENET, AGED 67 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR GOPALAKRISHNA
PILLAI, S/O RAGHAVAN PILLAI, KRISHNAKRIPA,
THAMALLAKKAL, THAMALLAKKAL P.O., KUMARAPURAM,
ALAPPUZHA, PIN - 690548
17 ABHAYAM COMMUNICATIONS, AGED 83 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR RAVEENDRAN NAIR.K,
S/O KUNJIRAMAN PILLAI, ABHAYAM, KURUP LANE,
KIZHUVILAM, PIN - 695104
18 DOVE COMMUNICATION, AGED 37 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR ALI AKBAR.A,
S/O ABDUL RASSAC. A. S, ARIMBASSERY BUILDING.
CHEMBARAKKY SOUTH. P.O, VAZHAKKULAM. P.O,
PIN - 686670
19 TALIPARAMBA TELESOULTIONS, AGED 37 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER DIVYA P V,
D/O P K UPESHBABU, PUNNAKARA HOUSE, HARIHAR NAGAR
STREET NO. 1, TALIPARAMBA, PIN - 670141
20 CMR COMMUNICATION, AGED 36 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER MANEESH C
S/O RATHNAKARAN K P, KUNNUMPURATH HOUSE,
VENDIYIL, KEEZHRA, CHERUKUNNU, KANNUR,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 44 2026:KER:9220
PIN - 670301
21 FIBERO PADNE, AGED 25 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER AMRUTHA K.
D/O AJITH KUMAR K, KULANGARA HOUSE, ANNUR P O,
PAYYANUR, KANNUR, PIN - 670307
22 HALO DIGITAL, AGED 48 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER JULI P,
W/O PREMARAJAN K, THANAL, KEEZHALLUR, KANNUR,
PIN - 670612
23 FIBER CONNEX, AGED 32 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER HARAPRASAD M
S/O MUKUNDAN K, KINATTUPURA HOUSE, PUTHUR,
KOZHUMMAL P O, KARIVELLUR VIA, KANNUR,
PIN - 670512
24 KERALA FIBER NETWORK, AGED 61 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER V BHASKARAN
NAIR, S/O K KRISHNAN NAIR , SNEHALAYAM,
KOTTAVAIL P O, KUNDAMKUZHI, CHENGALA VIA,
KASARGOD, PIN - 671541
25 PAYYANUR INTERNET SOLUTIONS, AGED 48 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER NAUSAD M.,
S/O MUHAMMAD K, PUTHIYAPURA HOUSE, VELLUR P.O.,
PAYYANUR, KANNUR, PIN - 670307
26 PEEYEN NETWORK, MANGATTIDAM, AGED 48 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING PARTNER PADMANABHAN M
S/O KUNHIRAMAN NAMBIAR V, PUTHIYAVEEDU HOUSE,
PARAYANADU, P R NAGAR P.O., KANNUR, PIN - 670702
27 SPEED BOOST, AGED 47 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR SREEKAND C.P.,
S/O THAYYIL KARUNAKARAN, SREENILAYAM, KOZHUR,
ERUVATTY KANNUR, PIN - 670642
28 ANIOMAX FIBRONET CHALAKUDY, AGED 56 YEARS,
REPRESENTED BY ITS PROPREITOR JAYACHANDRAN T.S
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 45 2026:KER:9220
S/O LATE SUBRAHMANIAN T V, THEKKOOT HOUSE,
KAKKAD, KATHIKUDAM P.O, THRISSUR, PIN - 680308
BY ADVS. SMT.DAISY A.PHILIPOSE
SRI.JAI GEORGE
RESPONDENTS:
1 UNION OF INDIA, REPRESENTED BY SECRETARY,
MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION, DEPARTMENT OF
TELECOMMUNICATION, SANCHAR BHAVAN 20,
ASHOKA ROAD, NEWDELHI, PIN - 110001
2 ADDITIONAL SECRETARY & ADMINISTRATOR USOF,
DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION, UNIVERSAL
SERVICE OBLIGATION FUND, SANCHAR BHAVAN 20,
ASHOKA ROAD, NEW DELHI, PIN - 110001
3 STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRTEARY TO
GOVERNMENT, POWER[C] DEPARTMENT, SECRATARIATE,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
4 BHRATH SANCHAR NIGHAM LTD.,
REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN CUM MANAGING DIRECTOR
HARISH CHANDRA MATHUR LANE, JANPATH, NEW DELHI,
PIN - 110001
5 CHIEF GENERAL MANAGER, BSNL KERALA CIRCLE,
DHOOR SANCHAR BHAVAN, PMG JUNCTION,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695033
6 KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD
VYDHYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPUM,
REPRESENTED BY CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRECTOR.,
PIN - 695004
7 DIRECTOR (DISTRIBUTION IT AND SCM)
KSEB LTD., VYDHYUTHI BHAVAN, PATTOM,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695004
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 46 2026:KER:9220
8 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KSEBL, TRIPUNITHURA, NEAR POORNATHRAYESYA TEMPLE
KOCHI, PIN - 682301
9 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KSEBL CENTRAL DIVISION, POWER HOUSE ROAD,
ERNAKULAM NORTH, PIN - 682018
10 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION
KSEB PARUR, VADAKKUMPURAM P O, PARUR,
PIN - 683521
11 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
PERUMBAVOOR, BEHIND MINI CIVIL STATION,
POOPPANI ROAD, PERUMBAVOOR, PIN - 683542
12 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KSEBL MINI CIVIL STATION, ANGAMALY, PIN - 683572
13 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER,
ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KSEBL, PALLOM, PAKKIL P O,
KOTTAYAM, PIN - 686012
14 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION
KSEBL RAILWAY STATION ROAD, CHALAKUDY,
PIN - 680307
15 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION ,
KSEBL VYDYUTHI BHAVANAM, IRINJALAKUDA,
THRISSUR KERALA, PIN - 680121
16 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER,
ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KSEBL, PAYYANUR,
PAYYANUR P O, PIN - 670307
17 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KSEBL,
KANHANGAD, KANHANGAD P O, PIN - 671315
18 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KSEBL,
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 47 2026:KER:9220
THALASSERRY, M G ROAD, THALASSERRY P O,
PIN - 670101
19 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KSEBL,
NEAR MUNCIPAL TOWN HALL, KASARAGOD, PIN - 671121
20 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ELECTRICAL DIVISION
KSEB, KODUNGALLUR, PADAKULAM, PULLUT P.O.,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680663
21 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION
THRISSUR (WEST), VYDHYUTHI BHAVANAM, KOTTAPPURAM,
THRISSUR, PIN - 680004
22 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION,
KUNNAMKULAM, KANIPAYYUR P O, PIN - 680517
23 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, ELECTRICAL DIVISION, KSEBL,
IRITTY, PAYYANUR P.O., KANNUR, PIN - 670703
24 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB ELECTRIC DIVISION,
CHADAYAMANGALAM, PUNALUR P.O., KOLLAM,
PIN - 691305
25 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB ELECTRICAL DIVSION,
KUNDARA P.O., KOLLAM, PIN - 691501
26 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, KSEB ELECTRICAL DIVSION,
HARIPAD, HARIPAD P.O., ALAPPUZHA, PIN - 690514
BY ADVS. SHRI.C.DINESH, CGC
SRI.MATHEWS K.PHILIP, SC, BSNL
SRI.B.PREMOD, SC
SMT. O.M. SHALINA, DSGI
SMT. SURYA BINOY, SR. GP
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR HEARING
ON 17.12.2025, ALONG WITH WP(C).44166/2023 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON 05.02.2026 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 48 2026:KER:9220
C.R
JUDGMENT
[WP(C) Nos.40017/2024, 29079/2022, 25201/2021, 25574/2020, 29878/2018, 35892/2019, 30646/2024, 38386/2024, 44166/2023, 10780/2025, 24281/2025, 24825/2025, 26617/2025, 28901/2025, 29253/2025, 34810/2025, 35490/2025, 39930/2025, 12680/2024, 44221/2025, 46679/2025, 36973/2024, 43770/2024, 45993/2024] In W.P.(C) Nos. 40017/2024, 35892/2019, 29878/2018, 25574/2020, 25201/2021, 29079/2022, 30646/2024 and 38386/2024, the writ petitioners challenge the demand notices issued by the Kerala State Electricity Board Limited and the Thrissur Municipal Corporation, the latter being the licensee and electricity distribution authority within the Thrissur Corporation limits, demanding pole rentals at rates alleged to be exorbitant and inconsistent with the applicable Government Orders and the statutory Right of Way Rules.
2. The details of the said writ petitions are given in the tables below:
Demand Amount Sl Writ Petition and Date of Period Issued by No Number Demand 1 WPC No. 40017/2024 Ext. P13 dated 2021-2023 Asianet Satellite 27.06.2023 issued by Issued by KSEB Communications KSEB-
Limited and Anr. v. The Rs.29,68,05,828/-
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 49 2026:KER:9220 Ext. P15 dated 16.02.2024 issued by State of Kerala 2021-2023 KSEB - Rs.42,20,29,151/- Ext. P15 dated 21.11.2019 issued by WPC No. 35892/2019 Thrissur Asianet Satellite Corporation 2 Communications 2019-2020 demanding Limited v. The Assistant Rs.29,48,059/- at the Secretary and Another rate of Rs. 406.56 per pole per annum. Ext. P11 dated 20.07.2018 issued by Issued by WPC No. 29878/2018 Thrissur Thrissur Asianet Satellite Corporation Corporation 3 Communications 2018-2019 demanding Limited v. The Assistant Rs.34,72,410/- at the Secretary and Another rate of Rs. 387.2 per pole per annum. Ext. P18 dated WPC No. 25574/2020 24.09.2020 issued by Asianet Satellite Thrissur 4 Communications Corporation- 2020-2021
Limited v. The Assistant Rs.31,56,429/- at the Secretary and Another rate of Rs. 447.22/-
per pole Ext. P21 dated 13.09.2021 issued by WPC No. 25201/2021 Thrissur Asianet Satellite Corporation Communications 5 demanding an 2021-2022 Limited v. The Assistant amount of Secretary and Another Rs.34,80,022/- at the rate of Rs.492/- per pole per annum.6 WPC No. 29079/2022 Ext. P10 dated 2022-23
Asianet Satellite 16.07.2022 issued by Communications the Thrissur Limited v. The Assistant Corporation WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 50 2026:KER:9220 demanding Rs. 37,32,094/- at Secretary and Another the rate of 541 per pole per annum.
Ext. P11 dated 12.12.2023 WPC No. 30646/2024 demanding Asianet Communications 2023-2024 7 Rs.42,82,587/- at the Limited v. The Assistant rate of Rs.595/- per Secretary and Another pole per annum.
Ext. P16 dated
WPC No. 38386/2024 13.09.2024
Asianet Communications demanding
8 2024-2025
Limited v. The Assistant Rs.48,39,073/- at the Secretary and Another rate of Rs. 686/- per pole per annum.
Permissible Rates according to the petitioner v. Demanded Rates fixed by KSEB in WPC No. 40017/2024:
Sl. Writ Basis for the
Permissible Rates
Petition Year permissible Remarks
No. Rates (Rs.) demanded
No. rates
40017/ 01.04.2011
2024 As per
1 to Ext. P9 Ext. P9 settlement No dispute
award
31.03.2021
2 01.04.2021 Orders in Ext. P2, 506.58
P3, P6, P7 and P9 Demand
to 300 revised at
in WPC No.
40017/2024. rates for
20.10.2021
2G/3G/4G
21.10.2021 One time Right of Way Rules and mobile
to compensation 2016 services as
31.03.2022 Rs. 1000/- per provided in
km. Ext. P8 in
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 51 2026:KER:9220
WPC No.
40017/2024
One time
01.04.2022 531.9
compensation Right of Way
to Adding 5%
of Rs. 1000/- Rules, 2016
17.08.2022 to 506.58
per km.
3
Right of Wat Rules,
18.08.2022 531.9
2016 as amended
to 100 Adding 5%
with effect from
31.03.2023 to 506.58
18.08.2022
01.04.2023
Right of Way 531.9 Adding
to 100 Dispute
Rules, 2016 5% to 506.58
07.08.2023 Ext.P13.
Right of Way Rules, Ext. P15,
4 08.08.2023 Ext. P17
2016 as amended 531.9 Adding
to 100 and P17
with effect from 5% to 506.58
31.03.2024 (a)
08.08.2023
challenged
01.04.2024 558.49 in WPC No
Right of Way Rules,
to 100 Adding 5% to 40017/24
2016
31.12.2024 531.9
5
01.01.2025 Telecommunications 558.49
to 100 (Right of Way) Rules, Adding 5% to
31.03.2025 2024 531.9
01.04.2025 Telecommunications 615.73
6 to 100 Right of Way Rules, adding 5% to
31.03.2026 2024 586.41
Permissible Rates according to the petitioner v. Demanded Rates as fixed by Thrissur Corporation:
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 52 2026:KER:9220 Writ Sl. Permissible Basis for the Rates Petition Year Remarks No Rates permissible rates demanded Number WPC No. 02.12.2008 Ext. P1 agreement 29878/ to 125.20 in WPC No. 125.20 2018 01.12.2009 29878/2018 1 No dispute 21.12.2009 Ext. P9 settlement in to 131.40 131.4 WPC No. 29878/2018 31.03.2010 01.04.2011 2 to 250 250 31.03.2012 01.04.2012 3 to 265 265 31.03.2013 01.04.2013 4 to 276 276 31.03.2014 01.04.2014 Ext. P9 settlement 5 to 290 in WPC No. 290 31.03.2015 29878/2018 No dispute 01.04.2015 6 to 305 305 31.03.2016 01.04.2016 7 to 320 320 31.03.2017 Dispute Rs. 336 paid 01.04.2017 352 pending
8 to 336 Ext. P9 settlement (Increase of review 31.03.2018 10% on 320) before corporation 9 01.04.2018 353 Ext. P9 settlement 387.20 Dispute Ext.
to (Increase of P11 in WPC
31.03.2019 10% on 320) No.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 53 2026:KER:9220
29878/2018
Dispute
WPC No. 01.04.2019 406.56
Ext. P15 in
10 35892 / to 371 Ext. P9 settlement (increase of
WPC No.
2019 31.03.2020 5% on 387)
35892/2019
Dispute Ext.
WPC No. 01.04.2020 447.22
P17 and P18
11 25574/ to 390 Ext. P9 settlement (Increase of
in WPC No.
2020 31.03.2021 10% on 407)
25574/2020
GO(MS)
Dispute
9/2021/Power
492 Ext. P20
01.04.2021 dated 26.02.2021
(increase and P21 in
to 300 Ext. P2 and P3 in
10% on WPC No.
20.10.2021 WPC No.
447.22) 25201 of
WPC No. 40017/2024 and
2021
25201 of connected cases
12
2021
Dispute
One time Right of way Rules, 492 Ext. P20
21.10.2021
compensation 2016 as amended (Increase and P21 in
to
of Rs. 1000/- w.e.f 21.10.2021 of 10% on WPC No.
31.03.2022 per km (Ext. P10 (a)) 447.22) 25201 of
2021.
01.04.2022 One time
compensation Right of Way Dispute
to of Rs. 1000/- Rules, 2016 Ext. P10
WPC No. 17.08.2022 per km 541
and P11
29079 of (Increase
13 challenged
2022 18.08.2022 of 10% on
As amended w.e.f in WPC No.
592)
to 100 29079 of
10.08.2022 2022
31.03.2023
595 Dispute Ext.
WPC No. 01.04.2023 Right of Way
(increase P11 in WPC
14 30646 of to 100 Rules, 2016 as
of 10% on No. 30646 of
2024 31.03.2024 amended
541) 2024
15 WPC No. 01.04.2024 100 686 Dispute
Right of Way Rules,
38386 of to Ext. P16 and
2016
2025 31.03.2024 P17 in WPC
No. 38386 of
2025
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 54 2026:KER:9220
01.01.2025 Telecommunication
to (Right of Way Rules,
31.03.2025 2024)
3. The writ petitioners in W.P.(C) Nos. 40017/2024, 35892/2019, 29878/2018, 25574/2020, 25201/2021, 29079/2022, 30646/2024 and 38386/2024 are Asianet Satellite Communications Limited, who is a cable TV and wired-internet service provider operating under valid licences issued under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 (hereinafter 'Telegraph Act') and the Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995 (hereinafter 'Cable Television Act').
Their networks are established using electricity distribution poles of the Kerala State Electricity Board Ltd. (hereinafter 'KSEBL'), under long-standing agreements periodically renewed from 1992 onwards.
According to the petitioners, they have always provided cable TV and internet through the same cable and the same network, for which a single pole-rental scheme was consistently followed.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 55 2026:KER:9220 3.1. After a mediation settlement in 2011, pole rentals stood fixed at Rs.250 for urban poles and Rs.125 for rural poles, with a 5% annual increase, and this arrangement continued for a decade. The petitioners assert that the State Government subsequently issued a series of binding Government Orders, GO(MS) No. 9/2021/Power dated 26.02.2021, GO(MS) No. 11/2021/Power dated 02.03.2021, and GO(MS) No. 14/2021/Power dated 08.07.2021, fixing uniform pole-
rental rates of Rs.300 (urban) and Rs.145 (rural) with 3% annual increase, without any distinction between cable TV and internet services. These Government Orders were fully accepted and adopted by KSEBL through subsequent Board Orders, specifically Board Order dated 13.08.2021. The petitioners submit that, based on these orders and on specific assurances given by the Government, including in meetings chaired by the Hon'ble Chief Minister, particularly in the context of digital-access expansion during the pandemic, they made substantial investments and were assured a 10-year agreement period, which KSEBL also subsequently WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 56 2026:KER:9220 approved.
3.2. The grievance of the petitioners is that, despite this statutory and policy framework, KSEBL has issued a series of exorbitant demands treating the petitioners as though they were mobile telecom providers (2G/3G/4G), applying rates in excess of Rs.550 for urban poles and Rs.280 for rural poles. The petitioners emphatically contend that they do not possess Access Service Licences, do not use spectrum, and do not provide mobile voice/SMS services; hence, the mobile-service pole-rental category has no application to wired-internet providers such as themselves.
3.3. The petitioners further rely on the Indian Telegraph Right of Way Rules, 2016 (hereinafter 'the 2016 RoW Rules'), as amended in 2021 and 2022, which mandate that public authorities, including KSEBL as an "appropriate authority", can levy only (i) a one-time compensation not exceeding Rs.1000 per kilometre (for over-
ground lines), and (ii) recurring charges not exceeding Rs.100 per WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 57 2026:KER:9220 pole per annum. They submit that these Rules, saved by Section 61 of the Telecommunications Act, 2023 (hereinafter referred to as 'Telecommunications Act), continue to operate with full statutory force and override any inconsistent administrative orders.
According to the petitioners, KSEBL cannot ignore these binding statutory rules and revert to higher rates that contradict both Central law and the State's own policy.
3.4. The petitioners contend that the impugned demand notices are arbitrary, without jurisdiction, contrary to binding Government Orders and Board Orders, and violative of Articles 14 and 19(1)(g). They submit that the reclassification of their wired-
internet service as a "4G service" for the purpose of imposing higher pole-rentals is irrational and engineered solely to raise revenue, undermining the State's own digital-access policy and jeopardising the economic viability of the petitioners' operations.
They maintain that they have already paid the entire pole-rental WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 58 2026:KER:9220 legally due under the Government-approved rates, subject to their right to claim the lower rates under the Right of Way Rules. They therefore seek quashing of the impugned demand notices, a declaration of the applicable lawful rates, and a direction to execute renewal agreements at the rates fixed under the GOs/BOs and, after 21.10.2021, at the rates mandated by the Right of Way Rules.
4. In W.P.(C) Nos. 29878/2018, 35892/2019, 25574/2020, 25201/2021, 29079/2022, 30646/2024, 38386/2024, 12680/2024, 44166/2023, 43770/2024, 34810/2025, 45993/2024, 36973/2024, 24281/2025, 10780/2025, 26617/2025, 24825/2025, 28901/2025, 29253/2025, 35490/2025, 39930/2025, 44221/2025 and 46679/2025, the writ petitioners also challenge the demand notices issued by the Kerala State Electricity Board Limited and the Thrissur Municipal Corporation as exorbitant and not in conformity with the applicable Government Orders and the statutory Right of Way Rules.
4.1. The details of the said writ petitions are given below in WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 59 2026:KER:9220 the table:
Sl Writ Petition Demand Amount and Period No. Number Date of Demand Issued by KSEB WPC No. 36973/2024 1 Arjun C A v. State of Kerala Demand notice is not challenged and Others WPC No. 45993/2024 Communication Collective 2 Demand notice is not challenged and Others v. Union of India and Others WPC No. 24281/2025 Extra Net Supports Pvt. Ext. P15 dated 13.05.2025 3 2025-2026 Limited v. The State of demanding Rs. 116338/- Kerala WPC No. 46679/2025 Earth Cable Vision and Earth Digital 4 Demand notice is not challenged Communication Kodakara v. State of Kerala and Others WPC No. 44221/2025 5 Muhammed Riyas M.K v. Demand notice is not challenged State of Kerala and Others Ext. P7 dated 25.03.2025 WPC No. 39930/2025 demanding Rs.216,748/- at Fibernet Solutions v. the rate of 615.76/- per 6 Executive Engineer, KSEB 2025-2025 pole per annum along with Thrissur (West) and arrear amount Another Rs. 2,56152/- 7 WPC No. 35490/2025 Ext. P6 demanding 2025-2026 Bharati Fiber Network, Rs.439464/- at the rate of Wadakanchery v. 337.65/- per pole per WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 60 2026:KER:9220 Executive Engineer, KSEB Wadakanchery and annum. Another Ext. P5 dated 29.05.2025 demanding Rs.213556/- at 2025-2026 WPC No. 29253/2025 the rate of 337.65/- per Bindu P.D v. Kerala State pole per annum. 8 Electricity Board Limited and Others Ext. P6 dated 27.05.2025 at the rate of 163.20/- per 2025-2026 pole per annum WPC No. 28901/2025 Ext. P12 dated 19.03.2025 Absolute Broadband demanding total of 9 Communications Private 2025-2026 Rs.481568/- at the rate of Limited v. The State of 615.76/- Kerala and Others WPC No. 24825/2025 Antony Romy v. Kerala Ext. P2 dated 12.01.2025 10 2024-2025 State Electricity Board demanding Rs.265066/- Limited and Others WPC No. 26617/2025 All Kochi Cable Operators 11 Federation (AKCOF) and Demand notice is not challenged Others v. Union of India and Others Issued by Thrissur Corporation WPC No. 34810/2025 Ext. P12 dated 19.08.2025 M/s Kerala Vision v. demanding Rs. 12,86,520/- 1 2025-2026 Thrissur Corporation at the rate of Rs.755/- per Limited pole per annum. WPC No. 44166/2023 Ext. P17 notice dated
Kerala Vision Limited v. 12.12.2023 demanding Rs.
2 2022-2023
Thrissur Corporation and 13,53,894/- at the rate of
Others 624/- per pole per annum
3 WPC No. 43770/2024 Ext. P6 dated 13.09.2024 2023-2024
Kerala Vision Limited v. demanding Rs. 14,53,715/-
Thrissur Corporation at the rate of Rs. 686/- per
Electricity Department pole per annum.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 61 2026:KER:9220
and Another
WPC No. 12680/2024 Ext. P19 order dated
Kerala Vision Limited v. 09.01.2024 demanding
4 Thrissur Corporation Rs. 13,53,894/- at the rate 2023-2024
Electricity Department of Rs.624/- per pole per
and Another annum.
WPC No. 10780/2025
Nextgen Network
5 Demand notice is not challenged
Solutions v. State of Kerala
and Others
4.2. The writ petitioners in the above batch of cases, who are cable television operators and wired-internet service providers, have raised common legal contentions questioning the authority of the KSEBL and the concerned local authority, acting as licensees under the Electricity Act, 2003 (hereinafter 'the Electricity Act'), to levy and demand pole rental charges for the use of electricity distribution poles. According to the petitioners, the impugned demands are contrary to the governing statutory framework and binding policy instruments.
4.3. The petitioners contend that, in the course of their business, they make use of electricity distribution poles maintained WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 62 2026:KER:9220 by KSEBL for drawing overhead optical fibre cables through which cable television and wired broadband internet services are provided to subscribers. It is asserted that a single overhead cable is used for transmission of both services, without imposing any additional physical load on the poles. According to the petitioners, despite this uniform mode of usage, the respondents have proceeded to levy exorbitant pole rentals.
4.4. The petitioners rely upon the policy decisions of the State Government as contained in G.O.(Ms) No. 14/2021/Power dated 08.07.2021 (hereinafter 'the 2021 Government Order'), fixing uniform pole rental rates of Rs.300/- per pole per annum in Corporation/Municipal areas and Rs.145/- per pole per annum in Panchayat areas for drawing optical fibre cables through electric poles, and the subsequent adoption and implementation of the said Government Order by KSEBL through Board Order dated 13.08.2021 (heareinafter 'the Board Order'). They contend that notwithstanding WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 63 2026:KER:9220 such policy decisions, the Thrissur Corporation has unilaterally imposed substantially higher pole rentals and insisted upon execution of agreements on that basis, which is impermissible.
4.5. It is further contended that the field relating to compensation for use of street furniture for telecommunication infrastructure is now fully governed by the RoW Rules, as consolidated and continued under the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024 (hereinafter referred to as '2024 RoW Rules).
According to the petitioners, the said Rules expressly distinguish between telecommunication lines and "small cells" used for mobile networks, and prescribe separate compensation regimes for each.
The petitioners assert that their use of electric poles is confined exclusively to laying optical fibre cables, which squarely falls within the category of telecommunication lines and not small cells.
4.6. Placing reliance on Rule 11(8) read with Part III of the Schedule to the 2024 Rules, the petitioners contend that the WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 64 2026:KER:9220 compensation payable for use of street furniture for telecommunication lines is statutorily capped and that any demand in excess thereof is ultra vires the Rules. It is argued that electricity poles fall within the definition of "street furniture" and that KSEBL is part of the description of an "appropriate authority" under the RoW Rules, rendering it bound by the statutory ceilings prescribed therein.
4.7. The petitioners further submit that the definitions of "telecommunication line" and "overground telegraph infrastructure" under the RoW Rules clearly encompass optical fibre cables strung over electric poles, and that the said Rules also prescribe limits on one-time and recurring charges for such infrastructure. Any levy beyond those limits, according to the petitioners, is in direct violation of the statutory scheme. It is also contended that by virtue of Section 61 of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, all rules and orders framed under the Telegraph Act, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 65 2026:KER:9220 insofar as they are not inconsistent with the Telecommunications Act, stand saved and continue to have statutory force.
Consequently, the RoW Rules, including the amendments governing compensation for use of street furniture, continue to operate and bind all authorities.
4.8. The petitioners emphatically assert that they do not provide mobile telecommunication services, do not operate using spectrum, and do not hold licences for 2G, 3G, 4G or mobile communication services. Therefore, the application of pole rental rates applicable to mobile or wireless telecommunication infrastructure to the petitioners' wired networks is arbitrary and legally unsustainable. Reliance is also placed on the interim protection granted by this Court in WPC No. 40017 of 2024 and connected cases, wherein it was directed that upon payment of pole rent in accordance with the RoW Rules, ie, Rs. 100 per pole, coercive steps such as dismantling of cables shall not be taken.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 66 2026:KER:9220 4.9. The petitioners further contend that the entire policy framework governing optical fibre-based telecom connectivity in the country proceeds on the footing that such infrastructure, particularly when deployed for universal service objectives, cannot be burdened with Right of Way charges or pole rental demands by State utilities or local bodies. The Universal Service Obligation regime, having statutory backing under the Telegraph Act, mandates that funds collected from telecom operators are to be utilised exclusively to ensure affordable and widespread connectivity, especially in rural and underserved areas, and the National Optical Fibre Network was established as a national asset in furtherance of this obligation.
4.10. It is further contended that the Central Government, while implementing the NOFN project through Bharat Broadband Network Limited, consciously adopted a policy of non-
discriminatory, charge-free access to existing public infrastructure, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 67 2026:KER:9220 including electricity distribution networks, in order to avoid cost escalation and implementation delays. This policy was not merely executive in nature, but was formalised through Cabinet decisions, binding communications of the Department of Telecommunications, and specific Government Orders issued by the State Government granting blanket Right of Way permissions without levy of charges.
4.11. The petitioners assert that the Tripartite Agreement executed between the Central Government, the State Government and BBNL has a binding and overriding character, under which the State expressly undertook that no RoW charges, reinstatement charges or pole rentals would be levied by any State agency, local authority or electricity utility, and that electric utilities would provide access to their distribution infrastructure free of cost. Such commitments were made in recognition of the public-interest character of the telecom backbone and the larger constitutional and WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 68 2026:KER:9220 statutory goal of universal access.
4.12. Accordingly, the petitioners contend that any subsequent or parallel demand for pole rent or allied charges by electricity utilities or local authorities is directly contrary to the declared national telecom policy, the statutory Universal Service framework, and the binding assurances extended by the State itself.
Such demands defeat the very object of universal connectivity, amount to an impermissible attempt to monetise public infrastructure contrary to governmental commitments, and are liable to be interdicted as arbitrary, unreasonable and ultra vires the governing policy and legal regime.
4.13. On these grounds, the petitioners seek setting aside and quashing of the impugned demand notices, invoices, orders and proceedings issued by the respective respondents demanding pole rent in excess of the rates lawfully prescribed, and a declaration that pole rent, can be levied only strictly in accordance with the WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 69 2026:KER:9220 Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024 (and the earlier applicable Right of Way Rules / Government Orders from time to time), and for consequential directions to the respondents to refix the pole rental charges in accordance with the said statutory framework, adjust or refund excess amounts already collected, and to refrain from taking any coercive action including dismantling of cables, so long as the petitioners comply with the rates lawfully prescribed.
5. Opposing the prayers sought in the writ petitions, a counter affidavit has been filed by respondent, KSEBL in WPC No. 40017/2024, wherein it is contended that the writ petition is not maintainable either on facts or in law and is an abuse of the process of this Court. KSEBL submits that the petitioner is a commercial operator providing both Cable TV and high-speed broadband services through a fibre network strung across lakhs of electric poles of KSEBL, under permissions granted since 1992. The activity WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 70 2026:KER:9220 is purely commercial in nature, and the petitioners are bound by the contractual and statutory framework governing the use of electric poles.
5.1. It is stated that pole-rental rates have, from time to time, been fixed by KSEBL through various Board Orders, and that the Government Orders of 2021, issued during the pandemic, were intended only for Cable TV operators and not for internet service providers. KSEBL had duly adopted the reduced rates for Cable TV, while expressly retaining the higher rates applicable to "other services" including 2G/3G/4G/mobile communication and internet services, as per the pre-existing Board Orders. KSEBL contends that the petitioners have deliberately misrepresented the Board Orders and are attempting to camouflage their true classification as internet service providers. The Board Orders dated 25.02.2012 and 05.07.2021 make an explicit and deliberate distinction between Cable TV and "other services". The Hon'ble Supreme Court has WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 71 2026:KER:9220 consistently held that the use of the term "etc" in legislative or administrative documents must be interpreted ejusdem genereis (of the same kind) to include services analogous to those explicitly mentioned. Applying these principles, "other services" and "etc" in KSEBL's Board Order clearly encompass internet services and modern communications technologies like 2G/3G/4G/mobile communications. The petitioners, being internet service providers, fall squarely in that latter category and cannot claim Cable TV rates. The Board's intent to classify such services separately from Cable TV is unambiguous and was established to ensure fair and proportional compensation for the use of its infrastructure.
5.2. It is further contended that the writ petition is in essence a dispute relating to reconciliation of amounts due under a contractual pole-rental arrangement, which is a civil dispute not amenable to adjudication under Article 226. The petitioner has not executed the mandatory agreement since 01.04.2021 despite using WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 72 2026:KER:9220 more than six lakh poles, and substantial dues remain unpaid.
Though an appellate mechanism is provided under the Government Order dated 08.07.2021, the petitioners have not invoked that remedy.
5.3. KSEBL contends that the electricity distribution network is a statutory asset created under the Electricity Act. The poles constitute distribution assets erected under powers exercised under Section 164 of the Act read with Part III of the Telegraph Act.
Permission to use such poles is only a permissive exercise under Section 51 of the Electricity Act for generating additional non-tariff revenue. Any reduction in pole-rental rates directly results in revenue loss and consequent tariff increases, which KSEBL is statutorily bound to avoid.
5.4. It is specifically asserted that neither the Telecommunication Act nor the 2024 RoW Rules has any application to the petitioners. The said Rules are intended for "facility providers"
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 73 2026:KER:9220 authorised to establish telecommunication networks, especially for expanding infrastructure in unserved and remote areas. The petitioner is not a "facility provider" within the meaning of the Act, and cannot claim the concessional rate of Rs.100 per pole under Rule 11(8). It is emphasised that the basic intent of the Right of Way Rules is not to subsidise commercially established internet providers, but to facilitate the creation of new infrastructure.
5.5. The KSEBL also contends that Section 174 of the Electricity Act gives the Act an overriding effect over any inconsistent law. Hence, the Indian Telegraph Right of Way Rules, including the 2022 Amendment, cannot override Sections 51, 173, 174, and 175 of the Electricity Act. Only those laws compatible with the Electricity Act can apply. As such, the pole-rental rates fixed by KSEBL under the Electricity Act cannot be displaced by the Right of Way Rules. TRAI restrictions apply only to Cable TV tariffs and not to pole rents for internet services.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 74 2026:KER:9220 5.6. It is reiterated that no operator has any statutory right to use KSEBL poles free of cost or at self-determined rates. Use of poles requires execution of agreements, adherence to safety protocols, and payment of the rates fixed by the Board. Unauthorised or non-
standard cabling poses safety risks and is liable to be removed. It is asserted that none of the grounds raised by the petitioner justify interference under Article 226. The reliefs sought are unsustainable, the petitioners have suppressed material facts, and their attempt is merely to evade lawful dues. The writ petition may therefore be dismissed with costs, allowing KSEBL to recover all amounts lawfully due under the applicable Board Orders and Government directives.
6. In the counter filed by the respondent, Thrissur Corporation, it is contended that the petitions are liable to be dismissed as the petitioner has no vested or absolute right to insist that pole rent be fixed at KSEB rates or in terms of settlement, which pertained only to Cable TV operators. It is asserted that WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 75 2026:KER:9220 Thrissur Corporation is the only Local Authority in the State which is also a distribution licensee and is therefore entitled to levy miscellaneous charges distinct from KSEB. Relying on KSERC cost-
data order dated 14.10.2016 permitting the Corporation to charge 10% above KSEB rates, the Municipal Council revised pole rent by Resolution No.39 dated 07.06.2018 to Rs.320/-, by Resolution No.90 dated 12.07.2018 to Rs.352/-, and thereafter to Rs.387.20/- per pole, culminating in Exhibit P17 fixing Rs.686/- for 2024-25. The respondents submit that the petitioner paid these amounts under protest without challenging the resolutions and is therefore estopped from disputing the subsequent revisions. They also contend that the petitioner cannot now impeach the demand since KSERC cost-data order dated 14.10.2016, the foundational regulatory order, has never been challenged.
6.1. The respondents further contend that Government Order fixing pole rent for KSEB does not bind a distribution licensee such as the Corporation, and that the RoW Rules and amendments do not WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 76 2026:KER:9220 govern pole-rent payable for drawing cables through poles owned by a distribution licensee. They point out that KSEB itself, by Board order dated 13.08.2021, fixed pole rent at Rs.506.58 per pole in Corporation areas with effect from 01.04.2021. The dispute, according to them, arises purely out of contractual terms and cannot be adjudicated in writ jurisdiction.
7. The learned Senior counsel for the petitioner Sri Ramesh Babu along with Sri. Saji Varghese argued that the petitioner is both a cable TV operator and a licensed wireline Internet Service Provider, and the very same poles used for cable TV distribution are also used for their broadband services. It is submitted that the petitioner holds a valid authorisation under Section 3 of the Telecommunication Act, and therefore qualifies as a "facility provider" within the meaning of Section 10 of the said Act, entitled to seek and obtain RoW permissions strictly in accordance with Section 11 of the said Act. Attention is also invited to Section 56(2)
(n) of the Telecommunication Act, empowering the Central WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 77 2026:KER:9220 Government to regulate timelines and permissible charges for RoW in public property, which has been implemented through the RoW Rules, as amended from time to time.
7.1. Learned Senior Counsel places particular reliance on the amendment of Right of Way Rules dated 17.08.2022 (produced as Ext. P10(b) in WPC No. 40017/2024), introducing Section 10A of the Rules, which creates a uniform national framework for permitting the use of street furniture, including electricity poles, for installation of small cells and telegraph lines. Under these Rules, a licensee may submit an application accompanied only by administrative fees not exceeding the amounts specified in Part-I of the Schedule, and the authority may levy compensation not exceeding the ceiling fixed in Part-III, presently Rs.100 per pole per annum. The authority must decide the application within 60 days, failing which permission is deemed to have been granted. The expression "overground telegraph infrastructure" expressly includes posts, poles and above-ground contrivances used for WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 78 2026:KER:9220 establishing or maintaining telegraph lines; therefore, the electricity poles of the respondents are part of telegraph infrastructure governed by Central Rules, and cannot be subjected to arbitrary or unilateral pole-rental fixation.
7.2. The Learned Counsel also submits that mobile towers have long been recognised as telegraph lines, and the RoW rules applies uniformly to all categories of telecommunication infrastructure.
The respondents' attempt to apply the pole-rental model meant for 2G/3G/4G mobile operators, who use only a few poles, rely on licensed spectrum, possess mobile access licences, and serve a vastly larger subscriber base, is wholly arbitrary, particularly since the petitioner is only a wired data provider without any mobile-
telephony licence.
7.3. It is further contended that till the period up to 31.03.2021, the petitioner was paying the pole rent in terms of the agreement entered into between them in view of the settlement WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 79 2026:KER:9220 arrived in the proceedings before the Kerala Legal Services Authority. The dispute therefore relates to the period from 01.04.2021. It is argued that the Right of Way is a regulated activity and all matters relating to the same is governed by the RoW Rules framed by the Central Government under the powers conferred by the Telegraph Act and subsequently under the Telecommunications Act.
7.4. Relying on Section 3(1AA) definition of Telegraph under the Telegraph Act, it is contended that the activity carried out by the petitioners whether it is cable TV or broad-band connectivity falls squarely within the ambit of the definition of telegraph. It is further submitted that the notification dated 09.01.2004 issued by the Central Government to the effect that broadcasting services and cable services as 'telecommunications service'. The statutory definition was introduced with effect from 01.04.2002. It is argued that the Right of Way Rules, originally framed in 2016 and WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 80 2026:KER:9220 subsequently amended in 2021, 2022 and finally replaced by the RoW Rules, 2024, comprehensively regulate compensation payable for use of street furniture, including electric poles. From 21.10.2021 onwards, i.e., from the date of amendment of Row Rules in 2016, the statutory Rules limits compensation to nominal, standardised amounts, culminating in a rate of Rs.100 per pole per annum, leaving no scope for higher or variable rentals through executive orders or contracts.
7.5. The petitioners argued that they qualify as "facility providers", holding valid Internet Service Authorisation as per Section 4 under the Telegraph Act, which continues under the Telecommunications Act, by virtue of saving clauses. Consequently, the right of way provisions under Chapter III of the 2023 Act and the Rules framed thereunder are binding on all public entities, including KSEBL, and override any inconsistent administrative practice.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 81 2026:KER:9220 7.6. It is further contended that KSEBL's reliance on the Electricity Act, 2003, particularly Sections 51, 174 and 175, is misplaced, as there is no inconsistency between the Electricity Act and the Right of Way Rules, which operate in distinct but complementary fields. It is argued that Section 174 of the Electricity Act speaks of the overriding effect of the provisions of the Act and inconsistent with any other law for the time being in force. Firstly there is no inconsistency and secondly the right of way rules are enforced with effect from 2016 whereas the Electricity Act was brought into force with effect from 10.06.2003. Section 175 says that the provisions of the Act are in addition to and not in derogation of other laws. The application of the Right of Way Rules therefore applies even going by Section 175 of the Electricity Act. It is argued that Section 51 is not a provision which enables the Board to engaging in commercial activity dehors the RoW Rules, 2016. Any such contention also invites the frown of Article 19 of the Constitution. Even assuming that the Board is an entity covered by WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 82 2026:KER:9220 Article 19, such freedom can be exercised only subject to the restrictions under Article 19(6). This measure is the RoW Rules.
Government of Kerala, on 10th July 2025 also decided to implement 2024 Telecommunication (Right of Way) Rules. Hence, KSEBL cannot override the decision of Central Government, State Government and insist on demanding higher pole rentals.
7.7. It is also argued that contention premised on Cable TV Act, is also not sustainable. In this context, it is submitted that Cable TV is treated as telecommunication vide Gazette notification 39 dated 9th January, 2004. The Right of Way provisions under the Cable TV Act also do not enable the Board to indiscriminately demand pole rentals. Going by Section 4B of the the Cable TV Act, it applies firstly in the context of underground cables. Secondly it permits only for recouping the expenses for laying underground cables and erecting posts making it evident that it is intended to cover instances where the pole is to be erected by the cable WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 83 2026:KER:9220 operator. Therefore, going by the said Act, the Board can claim no amount for providing right of way.
7.8. It is also submitted by the petitioner that petitioners are not going back on their obligation up to 31.03.2021 where the pole rental gets fixed by virtue of the agreement in terms of the settlement under the Legal Services authority and they are willing to comply with pole rental as per Exts.P2, P3 and P7 in W.P.(C) No.40017 of 2024 till 21st October, 2021 post which rates as per RoW Rules, 2016 and 2024 are applicable.
8. Adv.M.P. Shameem Ahamed appearing in W.P.(C) No. 35490/2025, contends that, from the inception of the regulatory framework governing the sector, cable services have consistently been treated and classified as "telecommunication services". It is submitted that the evolution of the cable television industry, particularly post digitisation, clearly demonstrates its integration into the larger telecom regulatory regime.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 84 2026:KER:9220 8.1. It is contended that prior to digitisation, local cable operators were able to downlink television signals in analogue mode with minimal infrastructure. However, with the introduction of mandatory digitisation, television signals could thereafter be downlinked only in encrypted digital mode, necessitating substantial investment in sophisticated head-end infrastructure. In order to ensure that small and local cable operators were not displaced from the system, the regulatory framework introduced the concept of Multi System Operators (MSOs), who would establish the necessary digital infrastructure and supply encrypted signals to Local Cable Operators (LCOs) for further distribution to subscribers.
8.2. It is pointed out that the regulatory intent behind introduction of MSOs and the restructuring of the cable television sector is reflected in the consultation papers and regulations issued by TRAI, including the consultation paper dated 09.04.2019 on entry-level net worth requirements for MSOs. Post digitisation, the WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 85 2026:KER:9220 relationship between broadcasters, MSOs and LCOs has been comprehensively governed by statutory interconnection arrangements, ensuring a level playing field and continuity of service delivery.
8.3. Reference is made to the Telecommunication (Broadcasting and Cable) Services Interconnection (Addressable Systems) Regulations, 2017, which mandate interconnection between service providers and incorporate a "must provide"
obligation, requiring MSOs to supply signals to LCOs on request, subject to prescribed statutory contracts. It is contended that such interconnection and infrastructure sharing is a defining feature of the telecom sector and is equally applicable to cable television services.
8.4. Against this historical and regulatory backdrop, reliance is placed on Section 3(1) of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act (TRAI), 1997, under which TRAI was constituted for WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 86 2026:KER:9220 regulating telecommunication services. The expression "telecommunication service" is defined under Section 2(k) of the Act, and the proviso thereto empowers the Central Government to notify additional services, including broadcasting services, as telecommunication services.
8.5. In exercise of the said power, the Government of India, by Notification dated 09.01.2004, expressly notified broadcasting services and cable services as telecommunication services.
Consequently, cable services stand statutorily recognised as telecommunication services. This position was further reinforced by the amendment introduced through Act 21 of 2011 to the Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995, whereby clause (ai) was inserted in Section 2 defining the "Authority" as the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, thereby expressly vesting regulatory oversight of the cable television sector with the telecom regulator.
8.6. It is further submitted that the Telecommunications Act, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 87 2026:KER:9220 2023 has amended certain provisions of the TRAI Act, including insertion of a new definition of "telecommunication" under Section 2(ja) by virtue of Section 59(c) of the 2023 Act. However, the definition of "telecommunication service" under Section 2(k) of the TRAI Act has not been disturbed, and the notification dated 09.01.2004 issued thereunder continues to operate with full force.
As a result, two distinct expressions now coexist: (i) "telecommunication", as newly defined under the 2023 Act, and (ii) "telecommunication service", which continues to expressly include cable services.
8.7. Attention is also drawn to the amendments made to the definitions of "licensor" and "licensee" under the TRAI Act by Sections 59(A) and 59(B) of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, whereby cable operators have been expressly brought within the statutory framework. It is contended that even under the Telecommunications Act, 2023, the expression WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 88 2026:KER:9220 "telecommunication" is defined broadly enough to include cable services, having regard to the definition of "message" under Section 2(g), which includes any sign, signal, sound, video or data transmitted through telecommunication.
8.8. It is further argued that a local cable operator is not an internet service provider in its own right. Cable operators function under valid registrations under the Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act and operate their own cable television networks, billing subscribers exclusively for cable television services.
Broadband services are billed directly by licensed internet service providers, and cable operators merely provide last-mile connectivity through their pre-existing cable infrastructure, in compliance with Rule 5C of the Cable Television Networks Rules, 2023. The same optical fibre cable is used for both cable television signals and broadband data, without installation of any additional cables or equipment on electricity poles.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 89 2026:KER:9220 8.9. According to the petitioners, once pole rent is paid and permission is granted for drawal of cables, the nature of the data transmitted through the cable is irrelevant to the Kerala State Electricity Board Limited, particularly when no additional infrastructure is installed on the poles. Such sharing of infrastructure is stated to be analogous to interconnection and infrastructure-sharing practices prevalent across the telecom sector.
8.10. Reliance is also placed on a Board Order dated 21.05.2021 produced by the respondent Board, wherein permissions were granted for drawal of cables and the purpose of usage was indicated as "BSNL FTTH", thereby demonstrating that the internet service provider licence holder is BSNL and not the cable operator. It is contended that if an ISP licence was required to be held by the cable operator, such permissions would not have been granted.
8.11. It is further submitted that although the respondent WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 90 2026:KER:9220 Board has raised practical and financial concerns regarding implementation of the Right of Way Rules, the validity of the said Rules has not been challenged. In the absence of any such challenge, administrative inconvenience or financial implications cannot be relied upon as a justification to deny the statutory rights conferred upon cable operators under the applicable legal and regulatory framework.
9. The learned Standing Counsel for the KSEB, Sri. B Premod, argued that the petitioners are major provider of both cable TV and high speed internet service providers and their activities are purely commercial. The petitioners, M/s Asianet Stellite Communications Ltd and M/s Asianet Digital Network Pvt. Limited has consistently represented themselves before KSEBL as Multi System Operators (MSOs) licensed under the cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995. All agreement, correspondences and submissions over the preceding years are to the effect that the petitioners are WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 91 2026:KER:9220 engaged in broadcasting video signals and Cable TV operations. In the Tripartitie Agreement as well it is seen that KSEB poles are used for video and allied services. It is also submitted that the activity of the petitioners are carried out on the basis of the certificate issued by the Registering Authority under Section 4 r/w Rule 5 of the Cable Television Rules, 1994, and is regulated by the Cable Television Networks Regulation Act, 1995, as far as the Cable TV Operations are concerned and the Information Technology Act, 2000 as far as Internet Service are concerned. The petitioners infrastructure is pre existing and is used for cable TV operations and is not intended for expanding rural telecom connectivity and the Telecommunication Act has no application to them and therefore has no legal right to claim concessional pole rental rates. It is argued that going by the status of an Internet Service Provider under the Information Technology Act, 2000, Internet Service Providers are treated only as intermediaries/network service providers whose role is confined to providing access to the internet WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 92 2026:KER:9220 and transmission of data, without undertaking any telecommunication service. The Unified License also prohibits voice communication except internet telephony which is different service in its scope and nature and kind from real time voice service offered in telecommunication service. It also provides that the licensee shall have no connectivity with public switched telephone network/public land mobile network/Global mobile personal communication by satellite. As such the provisions of the telegraph Act or the Telecommunication Act and their Rules are not applicable to the petitioner and its activity.
9.1. Cable TV and internet connectivity in Kerala is provided by both private operators and the State initiative KFON, with private providers such as Asianet and Kerala Vision operating through fibre and traditional cable networks using KSEB poles under pole-rent agreements, instead of exercising powers under Section 4B of the Cable TV Act. Pole rent has been periodically fixed WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 93 2026:KER:9220 by KSEB through Board orders, with a temporary reduction granted in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was expressly intended as a short-term and progressive arrangement. It is also argued that the RoW rules is not intended to fix or refix the pole rental rates payable by the existing cable TV and internet service providers who have already established their network service and they are paying the rent fixed by the KSEBL for hiring the poles.
9.2. It is also urged that KSEBL, as a distribution licensee under the Electricity Act enjoys statutory autonomy to manage its assets and finances, and that pole rentals constitute a legitimate source of non-tariff revenue, which directly impacts the Board's obligation to maintain financial viability and ensure stable electricity tariffs as regulated by the KSERC. It is further argued that the electric poles erected by the KSEBL is the part of the distribution asset of the Board and its usage strictly rest within the domain of the KSEBL.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 94 2026:KER:9220 9.3. The grant of poles for purpose of transmitting cable TV signal, internet and other services are done by the Board intending to generate additional revenue as provided under Section 51 of the Electricity Act. The State has sought to bridge residual connectivity gaps, particularly in rural areas, through the Kerala Fiber Optic Network (KFON) project, aligned with the Central Government's Digital India mission. The project is implemented by a consortium led by Bharat Electronics Limited, a Central Public Sector Undertaking, which has accepted the pole rental rates fixed by KSEB Limited.
9.4. As per the details from annual accounts of KSEBL the total revenue towards pole rent for the Financial Year 2023-2024 is Rs.60.58 crores and higher the revenue generated, the lesser will be the burden of tariff. Therefore, the KSEBL cannot offer its poles either at reduced rates or free of cost to anyone. Any decision in reduction of rates for pole rental charges will result in susbstantial WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 95 2026:KER:9220 revenue loss for the utility which will affect the liquidity and cash flow and is not compatible with the Electricity Act of 2003.
According to Section 185 of the Electricity Act, 2003 "Only laws that are compatible with the provisions of this Act shall be applicable."
Therefore, the rates provided under the Indian Telegraph Right of Way (Amendment) Rules, 2022 has no applicbaility to the Board.
9.5. It is also argued that in view of Sections 41, 51, 174 and 175 of the Electricity Act which prohibit subsidisation or encumbrance of transmission and distribution assets and confer overriding effect on the Act, the RoW Rules 2022 are inapplicable to KSEBL to the extent they are inconsistent with the provisions of the Electricity Act.
10. Heard, learned Senior Counsel, Sri. S Ramesh Babu, instructed by Sri. Saji Varghese, Smt. Mariam Mathai, Sri. N.Krishnaprasad for the petitioner in WPC No. 40017/2024 and connected cases, Sri. M.P Shameem Ahamed, Sri.Philip T. Varghese, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 96 2026:KER:9220 Smt. Daisy A. Philipose, Sri. Saijo M George, Sri. M.Sasindran, Sri. S. Shanavas Khan, Sri. Sandeep Gopalakrishnan, Smt. Anju Davis.K., Sri. Saijo Hassan, Sri. G Hariharan, Sri. Aji V. Dev, Sri. Jagan Abraham M. George for petitioners in other writ petitions, Sri. B Pramod, learned Standing Counsel for the KSEB, Smt. Surya Binoy, learned Senior Government Pleader and Sri. Santosh Poduval, learned Standing Cousel for Thrissur corporation.
11. It is necessary to advert to the relevant statutory provisions to decide the issues arising for consideration.
I. The Telecommunications Act, 2023:
1. Section 2-Definitions:
(e) "authorised entity" means a person holding an authorisation under section 3;
(p) "telecommunication" means transmission, emission or reception of any messages, by wire, radio, optical or other electro-magnetic systems, whether or not such messages have been subjected to rearrangement, computation or other processes by any means in the course of their transmission, emission or reception;
(s) "telecommunication network" means a system or series of systems of telecommunication equipment or infrastructure, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 97 2026:KER:9220 including terrestrial or satellite networks or submarine networks, or a combination of such networks, used or intended to be used for providing telecommunication services, but does not include such telecommunication equipment as notified by the Central Government;
(t) "telecommunication service" means any service for telecommunication;
2. Section 3-Authorisation (1) Any person intending to---
(a) provide telecommunication services;
(b) establish, operate, maintain or expand telecommunication network; or
(c) possess radio equipment, shall obtain an authorisation from the Central Government, subject to such terms and conditions, including fees or charges, as may be prescribed.
(3) The Central Government, if it determines that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, may provide exemption from the requirement of authorisation under sub-section (1), in such manner as may be prescribed.
(4) Any exemption granted prior to the appointed day under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 (13 of 1885) or the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933 (17 of 1933) shall continue under this Act, unless otherwise notified by the Central Government. (5) Any authorised entity may undertake any merger, demerger or acquisition, or other forms of restructuring, subject to any WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 98 2026:KER:9220 law for the time being in force and any authorised entity that emerges pursuant to such process, shall comply with the terms and conditions, including fees and charges, applicable to the original authorised entity, and such other terms and conditions, as may be prescribed.
(6) A licence, registration, permission, by whatever name called, granted prior to the appointed day under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 (13 of 1885) or the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933 (17 of 1933), in respect of provision of telecommunication services or telecommunication network---
(a) where a definite validity period is given, shall be entitled to continue to operate under the terms and conditions and for the duration as specified under such licence or registration or permission, or to migrate to such terms and conditions of the relevant authorisation, as may be prescribed; or
(b) where a definite validity period is not given, shall be entitled to continue to operate on the terms and conditions of such licence or registration or permission for a period of five years from the appointed day, or to migrate to such terms and conditions of the relevant authorisation, as may be prescribed. (7) Any authorised entity which provides such telecommunication services as may be notified by the Central Government, shall identify the person to whom it provides telecommunication services through use of any verifiable biometric based identification as may be prescribed.
(8) The Central Government may, subject to such terms and WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 99 2026:KER:9220 conditions, including fees or charges as may be prescribed, allot telecommunication identifiers for use by authorised entities. (9) The Central Government may allow use of telecommunication identifiers allotted by international bodies which are recognised by the Central Government from time to time.
3. Section 10-Definition of terms used in this For the purpose of this Chapter,---
(a) "facility provider" means the Central Government or any authorised entity, including any contractor or sub-contractor or agent working for the Central Government or authorised entity, and shall include their successor or assignee;
(b) "public entity" means,---
(i) the Central Government;
(ii) the State Government;
(iii) local authority;
(iv) any authority, body, company or institution incorporated or established by the Central Government or the State Government, or under any statute; or
(v) any non-government entity vested with the ownership, control or management of any public facility or class of public facilities, as may be notified by the Central Government;
(c) "public property" means any property, whether movable or immovable including any machinery, which is owned by, or in the possession of, or under the control or management of any public entity.
4. Section 11-Right of way for telecommunication network in public WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 100 2026:KER:9220 property:
(1) Any facility provider may submit an application to a public entity under whose ownership, control or management, the public property is vested, to seek permissions for right of way for telecommunication network under, over, along, across, in or upon such public property.
(2) On receipt of an application from a facility provider under sub-section (1), the public entity shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (4), grant permission for all or any of the following acts, namely:---
(a) survey such property for the purpose of assessing the feasibilty for establishing telecommunication network; or
(b) enter the property from time to time to establish, operate, maintain, repair, replace, augment, remove or relocate any telecommunication network.
(3) The public entity shall grant permission under sub-section (2) in an expeditious manner and within such timelines as may be prescribed, and subject to such administrative expenses and compensation for right of way, which shall not exceed such amount as may be prescribed.
(4) Any rejection of an application under sub-section (1) shall be based on reasonable grounds to be recorded in writing. (5) The facility provider shall do as little damage as possible to the public property, and ensure that the functionality and continuity of operations over such public property is not adversely affected, while undertaking any of the activities for WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 101 2026:KER:9220 which permission has been granted under sub-section (2). (6) If any damage is caused to the property, the facility provider shall, at the option of the public entity, either,---
(a) restore such property to its state as existed prior to the undertaking of such activities; or
(b) pay compensation for such damage as may be mutually agreed.
(7) The provisions of this section shall be applicable to any public property vested for such projects or class of projects as notified by the Central Government, in respect of which, applications under sub-section (1) shall be made to the public entity granting the concession, contract or permission for such projects.
5. Section 56-Power of Central Government to make rules:
(1) The Central Government may, by notification, and subject to the condition of previous publication, make rules not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, to carry out the purposes of this Act. (2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:---
(a) the terms and conditions, including fees or charges for obtaining authorisation under sub-section (1) of section 3;
(b) the manner of exemption for providing authorisation under sub- section (3) of section 3;
(c) the terms and conditions, including fees and charges, applicable to the original authorised entity that emerges WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 102 2026:KER:9220 pursuant to any merger, demerger, acquisition, or other forms of restructuring, under sub-section (5) of section 3;
(d) the terms and conditions for migration under sub-section (6) of section 3;
(e) the verifiable biometric based identification to be used by an authorised entity of telecommunication services under sub-section (7) of section 3;
(f) the terms and conditions, including fees or charges for allotment of telecommunication identifiers for use by authorised entities under sub-section (8) of section 3;
(g) the terms and conditions for the assignment of spectrum, including the frequency range, methodology for pricing, price, fees and charges, payment mechanism, duration and procedure under sub-section (3) of section 4;
(h) the manner of exemptions for assignment of spectrum under sub- section (7) of section 4;
(i) the terms and conditions for re-farming and harmonisation under section 5;
(j) the terms and conditions, including applicable fees and charges, and any other relevant condition subject to which the utilisation of the spectrum in a flexible, liberalised and technologically neutral manner under section 6;
(k) the terms and conditions for optimal utilisation of spectrum under sub-section (1) of section 7;
(l) the period of unutilised spectrum for insufficient reasons and further terms and conditions relating to spectrum utilisation under WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 103 2026:KER:9220 sub-section (2) of section 7;
(m) the terms and conditions, including applicable fees or charges for sharing, trading, leasing and surrender of assigned spectrum, under sub-section (2) of section 8;
(n) ) the timeline for granting permission for right of way for telecommunication network in public property; and the amount for administrative expenses and compensation for right of way under sub-section (3) of section 11;
(o) the procedure to be followed by a facility provider to enter, survey, establish, operate, maintain, repair, replace or relocate the telecommunication network, including the notice period, the manner of issuance of notice, the framework governing objections by owner or occupier of the property, the manner in which such objections would be resolved, and matters relating to the compensation payable for any damage under sub-section (5) of section 12;
(p) the terms and conditions, including charges for right of way, and compensation for damage to the property, under sub- section (6) of section 12;
(q) the terms and conditions, including fees and charges subject to which the telecommunication network to be made available on open access basis to facility providers under sub-section (2) of section 15;
(r) the procedure and manner for giving prior notice under sub- section (1) of section 17;
(s) the timeline for responding the notice with details of telecommunication network and precautionary measures to be undertaken by the facility provider under sub-section (2) of section WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 104 2026:KER:9220 17;
(t) the procedure and safeguards for public emergency or public safety under sub-section (2) of section 20; (u) the duration and manner of taking action for public emergency or public safety under sub-section (4) of section 20;
(v) the measures to protect and ensure cyber security of, telecommunication networks and telecommunication services under sub-section (1) of section 22;
(w) the standards, security practices, upgradation requirements and procedures to be implemented for the Critical Telecommunication Infrastructure under sub-section (4) of section 22;
(x) the manner for administration of Digital Bharat Nidhi under section 26;
(y) the manner and duration for creating Regulatory Sandbox under section 27;
(z) the measures for protection of users under sub-section (2) of section 28;
(za) the manner for registration of any grievance and redressal of such grievances pertaining to the telecommunication service under sub-section (3) of section 28;
(zb) the terms and conditions for participating in the dispute resolution mechanism under sub-section (2) of section 30; (zc) the form, manner and fees to be accompanied with the complaint under sub-section (1) of section 33;
(zd) the manner for holding inquiry by the Adjudicating Officer under sub-section (1) of section 35;
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 105 2026:KER:9220 (ze) the form, manner and fees for filing an appeal before the Designated Appeals Committee under sub-section (2) of section 36; (zf) the techno-legal measures for functioning of the Adjudicating Officer and the Designated Appeals Committee under sub-section (1) of section 37;
(zg) the terms and conditions of security interest under section 45; (zh) the terms and conditions, including applicable fees and charges for granting certificates under section 46; (zi) the manner of certification, qualification, and terms and conditions, including fees and charges for the examination for amateur station operator under section 47; (zj) any other matter which is to be, or may be, prescribed, or in respect of which provision is to be made by rules. (3) Every rule made under this Act and amendment to the Schedule made under section 57 shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or amendment to the Schedule or both Houses agree that the rule or amendment to the Schedule should not be made, the rule or amendment to the Schedule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule or amendment to WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 106 2026:KER:9220 the Schedule.
II. The Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995:
1. Section 2-Definitions:
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-- 1 [(a) "authorised officer" means, within his local limits of jurisdiction,--
(i) a District Magistrate, or
(ii) a Sub-divisional Magistrate, or
(iii) a Commissioner of Police, and includes any other officer notified in the Official Gazette, by the Central Government or the State Government, to be an authorised officer for such local limits of jurisdiction as may be determined by that Government;] (ai) "Authority" means the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India established under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997 (24 of 1997); (aii) "Broadcaster" means a person or a group of persons, or body corporate, or any organisation or body providing programming services and includes his or its authorised distribution agencies;
(aiii) "cable operator" means any person who provides cable service through a cable television network or otherwise controls or is responsible for the management and operation of a cable television network and fulfils the prescribed eligibility criteria and conditions;]
(b) "cable service" means the transmission by cables of programmes WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 107 2026:KER:9220 including re-transmission by cables of any broadcast television signals;
(c) "cable television network" means any system consisting of a set of closed transmission paths and associated signal generation, control and distribution equipment, designed to provide cable service for reception by multiple subscribers;
(d) "company" means a company as defined in section 3 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956);
(e) "person" means--
(i) an individual who is a citizen of India;
(ii) an association of individuals or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, whose members are citizens of India;
(iii) a company as defined in section 3 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956);] (ei) "post" means a post and includes a pole, tower, standard, stay, strut, cabinet, pillar or any above ground contrivance for carrying, suspending or supporting any network infrastructure facility;]
(f) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
(g) "programme" means any television broadcast and includes--
(i) exhibition of films, features, dramas, advertisements and serials [ ***];
(ii) any audio or visual or audio-visual live performance or presentation, and the expression programming service shall be construed accordingly;
(gi) "public authority" means any authority, body or institution of WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 108 2026:KER:9220 local self-government constituted or established by or under--
(i) the Constitution of India;
(ii) any law made by Parliament;
(iii) any law made by a State Legislature;
(iv) any notification issued or order made by the appropriate Government, and includes any--
(v) body owned, controlled or substantially financed; or
(vi) non-governmental organisation substantially financed, directly or indirectly by funds provided by the appropriate Government;]
(h) "registering authority" means such authority as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify to perform the functions of the registering authority under this Act within such local limits of jurisdiction as may be determined by that Government];
(i) "subscriber" means [any individual, or association of individuals, or a company, or any other organisation or body] who receives the signals of cable television network at a place [indicated by him or it] to the cable operator, without further transmitting it to any other person.
2. 4B. Right of way for cable operators and permission by public authority.--
(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, any cable operator entitled for providing cable services may, from time to time, lay and establish cables WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 109 2026:KER:9220 and erect posts under, over, along, across, in or upon any immovable property vested in or under the control or management of a public authority.
(2) Any public authority under whose control or management any immovable property is vested may, on receipt of a request from a cable operator permit the cable operator to do all or any of the following acts, namely:--
(a) to place and maintain underground cables or posts; and
(b) to enter on the property, from time to time, in order to place, examine, repair, alter or remove such cables or posts. (3) The facility of right of way under this section for laying underground cables, and erecting posts, shall be available to all cable operators subject to the obligation of reinstatement or restoration of the property or payment of reinstatement or restoration charges in respect thereof at the option of the public authority. (4) When a public authority in public interest considers it necessary and expedient that the underground cable or post placed by any cable operator under the provisions of this section should be removed or shifted or its position altered, it may require the cable operator to remove it or shift it or alter its position, as the case may be, at its own cost in the timeframe indicated by the public authority. (5) The Central Government may lay down appropriate guidelines to enable the State Governments to put in place an appropriate mechanism for speedy clearance of requests from cable operators for laying cables or erecting posts on any property vested in, or under the control or management of, any public authority and for WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 110 2026:KER:9220 settlement of disputes, including refusal of permission by the public authority.
(6) Any permission granted by a public authority under this section may be given subject to such reasonable conditions as that public authority thinks fit to impose as to the payment of any expenses, or time or mode of execution of any work, or as to any other matter connected with or related to any work undertaken by the cable operator in exercise of those rights. (7) Nothing in this section shall confer any right upon any cable operator other than that of user for the purpose only of laying underground cable or erecting posts or maintaining them.
III. Indian Telegraph Act, 1885
1. Section 3-Definitions Section 3 (1AA)-"telegraph" means any appliance, instrument, material or apparatus used or capable of use for transmission or reception of signs, signals, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, visual or other electro- magnetic emissions, Radio waves or Hertzian waves, galvanic, electric or magnetic means; Explanation.--"Radio waves" or "Hertzian waves" means electro-magnetic waves of frequencies lower than 3,000 giga-cycles per second propagated in space without artificial guide.
(4)-"telegraph line" means a wire or wires used for the purpose of a telegraph, with any casing, coating, tube or pipe enclosing the same, and any appliances and apparatus connected therewith for the purpose of fixing or insulating the same;
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 111 2026:KER:9220 (5) "post" means a post, pole, standard, stay, strut or other above- ground contrivance for carrying, suspending or supporting a telegraph line;
IV. Indian Telgraph Act (Amendment Rules, 2022) -
Section 10A-Usage of street furniture for installation of small cells and telegraph line:
1. A licensee shall for the purpose of installation of small cell and telegraph line submit an application, along with details of street furniture and a copy of certification by a structural engineer authorised by appropriate authority, attesting to the structural safety of the street furniture where installation of small cells and telegraph line is proposed to be deployed to the appropriate authority for permission to use street furniture for installation of small cells and telegraph line.
2. The application under sub-rule (1), shall be accompanied with such fees as may be determined by the appropriate authority to meet administrative expenses for examination of the application, which shall not exceed the amount specified in Part-I of the Schedule.
3. The appropriate authority shall, within a period not exceeding sixty days from the date of application made, grant permission or reject the application for reasons to be recorded in writing;
Provided that no application shall be rejected unless the applicant has been given an opportunity of being heard on the reasons for such rejection:
Provided further that the permission shall be deemed to have been granted if the appropriate authority fails to either grant permission or reject the application.
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4. The appropriate authority shall be entitled to receive such compensation from the licensee, not exceeding the amount specified in Part-III of the Schedule, for use of street furniture for installation of small cells and telegraph line, as may be determined by the appropriate authority.
5. The appropriate central authority may permit installation of small cells on their buildings and structures.
6. For the purpose of sub-rule (5), the "appropriate central authority"
means the Central Government or the authority, body, company or institution, incorporated or established by the Central Government, in respect of property, under, over, along, across, in or upon which underground or overground telegraph infrastructure is to be established or maintained, vested in, or under, the control or management of such Government, authority, body, company or institution.
V. Indian Telegraph Right of Way Rules, 2016:
1. Rule 2(e): "overground telegraph infrastructure" means a telegraph or a telegraph line established over the ground and includes posts or other above-ground contrivances, appliances and apparatus for the purpose of establishment or maintenance of the telegraph or the telegraph line;
2. Rule 10: Grant of permission by appropriate authority: (1) The appropriate authority shall examine the application with respect to the following parameters, namely:-
(a) the extent of land required for the overground telegraph infrastructure;
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 113 2026:KER:9220
(b) the location proposed;
(c) the approval issued by the duly authorised officer of the Central Government for location of the above ground contrivances proposed to be used for transmission of Radio waves or Hertzian waves;
(d) the mode of and time duration for execution of the work;
(e) the estimation of expenses that the appropriate authority shall necessarily be put in consequence of the work proposed to be undertaken;
(f) assessment of the inconvenience that the public is likely to be put to in consequence of the establishment or maintenance of the overground telegraph infrastructure, and the measures to mitigate such inconvenience indicated by the licensee;
(g) certification of the technical design by a structural engineer attesting to the structural safety of the overground telegraph infrastructure;
(h) certification, by a structural engineer, of the structural safety of the building on which the post or other above ground contrivances is proposed to be established;
(i) any other matter, consistent with the provision of the Act and these rules, connected with or related to the laying of overground telegraph infrastructure, through a general or special order or guidelines by the Central Government, appropriate State Government or the appropriate local authority:
(2) Where the establishment of the overground telegraph infrastructure renders the immoveable property, vested in the control or management of any appropriate authority over which WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 114 2026:KER:9220 such overground telegraph infrastructure is established, unlikely to be used for any other purpose, the appropriate authority shall be entitled to compensation for the value of the immoveable property, either once or annually, assessed on such rates as that appropriate authority may, by general order, specify. (3) The appropriate authority shall, within a period not exceeding sixty days from the date of application made under rule 9 -
(a) grant permission on such conditions including, but not limited to, the time, mode of execution, measures to mitigate public inconvenience or enhance public safety or structural safety and payment of restoration charge, not exeeding the amout speicifed in part II of the schedule, or compensation, as specified in sub rule (2); or
(b) reject the application for reasons to be recorded in writing:
Provided that no application shall be rejected unless the applicant licensee has been given an opportunity of being heard on the reasons for such rejection: Provided further that the permission shall be deemed to have been granted if the appropriate authority fails to either grant permission under clause (a) or reject the application under clause (b) and the same shall be communicated in writing to the applicant not later than five working days after permission is deemed to have been granted.
(4) The appropriate authority shall not charge any fee and compensation other than those mentioned under sub-rule (3) of rule 9, sub-rule (2) and clause (a) of sub-rule (3) from the licensee for establishing, maintaining, working, repairing, transferring or WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 115 2026:KER:9220 shifting overground telegraph infrastructure.
11. Obligations of licensee in undertaking work.--
(1) The licensee shall ensure that -
(a) prior to the commencement of establishment and maintenance of overground telegraph infrastructure and at all times, the measures to mitigate public inconvenience and ensure public safety, including structural safety of such overground telegraph infrastructure are implemented;
(b) the work of establishment and maintenance of overground telegraph infrastructure is carried out in accordance with the conditions specified in the grant of permission by the appropriate authority.
VI. Electricity Act:
1. Section 51: (Other businesses of distribution licensees): A distribution licensee may, with prior intimation to the Appropriate Commission, engage in any other business for optimum utilisation of its assets:
Provided that a proportion of the revenues derived from such business shall, as may be specified by the concerned State Commission, be utilised for reducing its charges for wheeling : Provided further that the distribution licensee shall maintain separate accounts for each such business undertaking to ensure that distribution business neither subsidises in any way such business undertaking nor encumbers its distribution assets in any way to support such business. Provided also that nothing contained in this section shall apply to a local authority engaged, before the commencement of this Act, in the business of distribution of electricity.
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12. The central issue that crops up for consideration is whether the Kerala State Electricity Board Limited and the Thrissur Municipal Corporation have the statutory authority to levy and demand pole rental charges at rates exceeding those prescribed under the Government Orders and the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, and whether such demands are legally sustainable in light of the governing statutory and policy framework.
13. A careful examination of the above statutory framework shows that the statutory scheme under the Telecommunications Act, 2023 defines "telecommunication" under Section 2(p) to include the transmission, emission or reception of messages by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems, irrespective of any computational or processing functions applied during transmission. When this is read together with the definitions of "telecommunication network" under Section 2(s) and WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 117 2026:KER:9220 "telecommunication service" under Section 2(t), it becomes clear that wired broadband delivered through fibre-optic and coaxial cables squarely falls within the scope of telecommunication, as such services function through established systems of electromagnetic transmission over physical media.
13.1. Under the Telecommunication Act also, the expression "telecommunication'"covers 'cable services'. The expression reads as below:
"(p) "telecommunication" means transmission, emission or reception of any messages, by wire, radio, optical or other electro-magnetic systems, whether or not such messages have been subjected to rearrangement, computation or other processes by any means in the course of their transmission, emission or reception;"
The expression 'messages' is defined under sec 2 (g) which reads as below:
"(g) "message" means any sign, signal, writing, text, image, sound, video, data stream, intelligence or WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 118 2026:KER:9220 information sent through telecommunication;"
13.2. The expression 'message' is wide enough to cover the TV Signals and the data which is passed through the optical cable network owned and established by the Local Cable Operator.
13.3. It is also important to note that right from the beginning, Cable Services are treated and classified as "Telecom Services".
TRAI was established under Sec 3 (1) of the TRAI Act with the objective of regulating the Telecom Service. The expression 'Telecommunication Services' is defined in Section 2(k) of the TRAI Act, 1997 and as the proviso to the said section, the Central Government can notify other services to be 'telecommunication services' including broadcasting services. The Government of India vide Notification No.39 dated 09.01.2004 expanded the scope of the expression 'telecommunication services' (as defined in Section 2(k) of the TRAI Act, 1997 as amended) to include 'broadcasting services and cable services'. In other words, broadcasting and cable services WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 119 2026:KER:9220 are expressly treated and notified as 'Telecommunication Services'.
The said notification reads as below:
"NOTIFICATION NO. 39 [DATED 09.01.2004] MINISTRY OF COMMUNCIATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (Department of Telecommunications) "NOTIFICATION New Delhi, the 9th January, 2004 S.O. 44(E). In exercise of the powers conferred by the proviso to clause (k) of Sub-section (1) of Section 2 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997 (24 of 1997), the Central Government hereby notifies the broadcasting services and cable services to be telecommunication service. [F.No. 13-1/2004 Restg.] P.K. TIWARI, Dy. Secy (Restg.)"
13.4. Further, an amendment in Section 2 of the cable TV Act was made vide Act 21 of 2011, wherein clause (ai) was inserted to define the 'Authority' to mean 'The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India' established under sub-sec(1)of Sec 3 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997. Thus TRAI which is established as the Telecom Regulator has also been entrusted with WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 120 2026:KER:9220 the regulation of Cable TV industry and specific notification has been published notifying Cable TV service as Telecommunication Service and also corresponding amendments were made in Cable TV Act. This notification is sufficient to negate the argument of the Respondent KSEB that, 'Cable Services' are not Telecommunication Services.
13.5. Further, the new Telecommunications Act, 2023 had also made amendments to few sections of the TRAI Act and in this regard, reference is made to Sec 59 of the Telecommunications Act 2023. As per Section 59 (C), a new definition has been inserted for 'telecommunication' as sub clause 2(ja) in the TRAI Act, which reads as below:
"(ja) "telecommunication' shall have the meaning as assigned to it in the Telecommunications Act, 2023."
13.6. It may be noted that, the notification dated 9.01.2004 was issued under the proviso to Sec 2(j) which defined WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 121 2026:KER:9220 telecommunication service and that section has not been disturbed and therefore the notification still survives. It is only a new definition for the expression 'telecommunication' which has been inserted. In other words, there are two expressions now, a) Telecommunication newly added same as under the Telecommunication Act and b) Telecommunication Services-which specifically covers 'cable services. Further, amendments were also made to the definition of 'licensor' and 'licensee' under TRAI Act, amended vide Sec 59 (A) and (B) of Telecommunication Act to specifically include Cable Operator.
13.7. The distinction between the earlier Telegraph Act, 1885 and the present Telecommunications Act, 2023 also becomes relevant in this context: while the Telegraph Act defined "telegraph" in Section 3(1AA) in equipment-centric terms, referring to the apparatus used for transmitting or receiving signals, the 2023 Act shifts the regulatory focus from the physical device to the WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 122 2026:KER:9220 communicative activity itself. The earlier enactment therefore regulated the hardware, cables, poles, fibre and the like, whereas the new legislation regulates the communication service irrespective of the underlying technology. This legislative transition, read with the saving clause under Section 61 of the 2023 Act, indicates that although certain telegraph-related rules continue to operate, the overarching framework for the classification of communication services is now governed by the more comprehensive and technology-neutral definitions under the Telecommunications Act, 2023.
13.8. In the light of the above statutory scheme, notifications and legislative history, the contention of the respondent KSEB that cable television operators fall outside the ambit of "telecommunication" cannot be accepted. Cable services, including transmission of television signals and data through optical fibre networks, stand expressly recognised as "telecommunication WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 123 2026:KER:9220 services" both under the TRAI Act pursuant to the notification dated 09.01.2004 and within the ambit of Telecommunications Act, 2023.
14. The dispute also centres on whether the petitioner can be regarded as a "facility provider" within the meaning of Section 10(a) of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, which defines a facility provider as the Central Government or any authorised entity, including contractors, sub-contractors or agents working for such authorised entity, and including their successors or assignees. The respondents contend that this definition is limited to entities directly authorised by the Central Government for the purpose of establishing or maintaining telecommunication infrastructure, and that the petitioners, being service providers utilising the poles of the 2nd respondent, cannot claim the status of a facility provider so as to invoke the Right of Way framework under the Act and the Rules. The petitioners, Asianet Satellite Communications Limited, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 124 2026:KER:9220 however, rely on the Unified Licence Agreement executed with the President of India under Section 4 of the Telegraph Act, 1885, (Ext.
P21 in WPC No.40017/2024), authorising them to establish and operate ISP services across the national service area, and hence the 1885 Act continues to be valid under the Telecommunications Act, 2023 and hence the Right of Way Rules under the Telecommunications Act, 2023 will govern the situation. According to them, such authorisation by the Central Government brings them within the fold of "authorised entities" contemplated under Section 10(a), and therefore they stand statutorily recognised as facility providers for the purpose of seeking right of way permissions and corresponding charges under the central regime.
14.1. Once the petitioner is seen to fall within the definition of a "facility provider" under Section 10(a) of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, the statutory consequence that follows is the applicability of Section 11, which governs the right of way for WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 125 2026:KER:9220 telecommunication networks in public property. Section 11(1) enables any facility provider to submit an application to a "public entity" for permission to establish or maintain telecommunication networks "under, over, along, across, in or upon" public property.
The expression "public entity" under Section 10(b) expressly includes the State Government, local authorities, and any authority, body, company or institution incorporated by the State Government. The 2nd respondent, Kerala State Electricity Board Limited, being a company wholly owned and established by the State Government and functioning as a distribution licensee, therefore squarely falls within the ambit of a "public entity" for the purposes of Section 11. Statutorily, such a public entity is obligated under Section 11(2) and 11(3) to grant permission, within the prescribed timelines, for establishing or maintaining telecommunication networks, subject only to administrative expenses and compensation not exceeding the limits prescribed under the Rules. Rejection is permissible only on reasonable WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 126 2026:KER:9220 grounds to be recorded in writing under Section 11(4). In this statutory framework, the poles of the 2 nd respondent, being public property under its control, are capable of being accessed for telecommunication networks through the right-of-way mechanism, and the petitioner's application for the same cannot be repelled by categorically denying their eligibility under the Act.
14.2. On a cumulative reading of Sections 10(a) and 11 of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, I am unable to accept the contention of the respondent KSEB that the petitioners do not qualify as "facility providers". The statutory definition is not confined to entities owning public property or infrastructure, but extends to any authorised entity, including those operating under authority of the Central Government. The petitioners, holding valid licences granted by the Central Government for provision of telecommunication services, clearly answer the description of authorised entities within the meaning of Section 10(a). Once such WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 127 2026:KER:9220 status is recognised, the entitlement to seek right of way under Section 11 necessarily follows. The attempt of the respondent to exclude the petitioners from the statutory framework by a restrictive interpretation of "facility provider" is contrary to the text, scheme and object of the Act, and therefore cannot be countenanced.
15. The next aspect that requires consideration is the effect of the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024, framed under the Telecommunications Act, 2023, and whether the said Rules govern the levy of charges for use of electricity poles for overground telecommunication networks.
15.1. Section 56 of the Telecommunications Act, 2023 empowers the Central Government to frame rules, including in particular under clauses (c), (n) and (p), governing the timelines for the grant of right of way, the permissible administrative expenses and compensation payable under Section 11(3), and the procedure WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 128 2026:KER:9220 to be followed by facility providers while establishing overground telecommunication networks. In exercise of this rule-making power, the Central Government has enacted the Telecommunication Right of Way Rules, 2024, which supersede the earlier Telegraph Right of Way Rule and now comprehensively regulate both underground and overground telecommunication infrastructure. The amended Rules explicitly define "street furniture" to include any post or pole, and further define "overground telecommunication network" to include posts, poles, telecommunication lines and other above-ground contrivances used for establishing or maintaining a telecommunication network. Rule 11 specifically provides that installation of telecommunication lines on street furniture requires no rent or financial levy other than the limited compensation prescribed in the Schedule, and mandates strict timelines within which a "public entity", which includes a local authority, State-
owned company or statutory body, must grant or reject permission.
Rule 8 correspondingly provides that a facility provider, upon WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 129 2026:KER:9220 furnishing its central authorisation or license, may apply through the designated portal for right of way in any public property, including for the purpose of stringing overground telecommunication lines.
15.2. Read together, Section 56 of the Act and the 2024 Rules create a complete code for right-of-way permissions and the charges payable therefore, and the Rules, being subordinate legislation traceable directly to the Act, have overriding effect over any inconsistent executive or contractual arrangement. The definitions introduced in 2024 make it explicit that electricity poles fall within "street furniture" and "overground telecommunication network", and therefore the use of such poles by a duly authorised facility provider is governed by the statutory RoW Rules. KSEB, being a State-owned company and therefore a "public entity" under Section 10(b), is bound to act in conformity with these Rules and cannot prescribe or collect pole-rental charges in excess of the WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 130 2026:KER:9220 administrative expenses and compensation ceilings that the Central Government has prescribed under Rule 8 read with Section 56. The legal position that emerges is that, once the petitioner satisfies the statutory definition of a facility provider and establishes that its fibre network constitutes an overground telecommunication line, its right-
of-way applications must be processed under the 2024 Rules, and the compensation payable for use of poles cannot exceed the amount notified under the Central Rules, which presently stipulate the uniform figure of Rs.100 per pole per annum for overground telecommunication lines. Accordingly, the respondent-KSEB's attempt to impose higher pole-rental rates by relying on Board Orders, council resolutions or internal policy prescriptions stands overridden by the explicit statutory mechanism under the Telecommunications Act and the Rules framed thereunder.
15.3. The Government of Kerala on 17.07.2025 issued an Order which states the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 131 2026:KER:9220 shall be applicable to the permissions for Right of Way for telecommunication network in the state. It further states that the guidelines for right of way issued as per Government order of Kerala State stand cancelled. This is not an executive advisory, but a reaffirmation of the binding statutory framework framed under Section 56 of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, and operates as an authoritative clarification to all public entities, including State utilities such as KSEB, that the Central Rules are to be implemented uniformly across the country. Once the Central Government has exercised its rule-making power and notified the applicable compensation and fee structure for the use of street furniture, individual public entities have no discretion to impose higher or additional charges under their own internal policies. The amendment to RoW Rules, 2024 therefore evidences the Central Government's insistence that the statutory RoW framework be enforced in letter and spirit, and serves to remove any ambiguity regarding the rate applicable for overground telecommunication WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 132 2026:KER:9220 lines. In the face of such a specific directive, KSEB is bound, both as a "public entity" under Section 10(b) and as an authority functioning within the constitutional distribution of legislative power, to align its pole-rent practices with the statutory ceiling prescribed in the 2024 Rules and cannot insist upon or recover amounts in excess thereof.
15.4. Sections 60, 61 and 3(6) of the Telecommunications Act, 2023 collectively operate as a comprehensive saving mechanism, ensuring full continuity of all licences, permissions, rules and actions taken under the earlier framework of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885. Section 60(2) provides that despite repeal of the Telegraph Act and the Wireless Telegraphy Act, every licence, registration, assignment, order or proceeding issued or undertaken under those enactments shall be deemed to have been made under the 2023 Act, thereby preserving the legal validity of all pre-existing authorisations, including the petitioner's Unified Licence which WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 133 2026:KER:9220 originated under the Telegraph Act framework. Section 61 further reinforces this continuity by expressly saving all rules and orders framed under the Telegraph Act, such as the Indian Telegraph Right of Way Rules, 2016 and their subsequent amendments, declaring that these rules must continue to operate as if they were rules under the new Act, unless superseded by new rules. Read conjointly with Section 3(6), which statutorily guarantees that all licences granted under the Telegraph Act shall continue for their full term and remain governed by their original terms and conditions unless the licensee opts to migrate to the new authorisation framework, it becomes evident that neither the petitioner's licence nor the rights flowing from the Telegraph Rules stand extinguished or altered by the repeal. The combined effect of these saving clauses is that the statutory Right of Way Rules, including fee ceilings and the classification of poles as street furniture, remains fully binding on all public entities such as the KSEB, and the petitioner continues to enjoy all corresponding rights and protections under the new Act.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 134 2026:KER:9220 15.5. In view of the above statutory scheme, I hold that the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024 constitute a complete and exhaustive code governing permissions and charges for establishment and maintenance of overground telecommunication networks on public property. Once electricity poles are expressly brought within the ambit of 'street furniture' and 'overground telecommunication network', and once the petitioner qualifies as a facility provider under the Act, the respondent-KSEB, being a 'public entity', is bound to process right-
of-way applications strictly in accordance with the 2024 Rules. Any demand for pole rent or charges in excess of the compensation prescribed under the Central Rules is therefore legally unsustainable and stands overridden by the statutory regime enacted under the Telecommunications Act, 2023.
16. The next argument of the petitioners is that they are only providing wired internet service and therefore cannot be categorised WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 135 2026:KER:9220 as entities offering mobile access services under the 2012 Board Order, which stipulates higher pole rentals for operators providing 2G/3G/4G connectivity. In support of this contention, the petitioners rely on the terms of the Unified Licence executed between them and the Government of India in February 2016 (Ext.
P21). A careful reading of the relevant clauses of the licence makes it evident that the petitioners' authorisation is strictly confined to internet service providers operations and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) delivery, and does not extend to mobile access service or real-time telephony. Clause 2.1(I) of Ext. P21 permits the petitioners to provide internet access including IPTV, but expressly prohibits them from offering Virtual Private Network (VPN) or Closed User Group services. Clause 5, which deals with IPTV, restricts the petitioners to retransmitting only those television channels registered or permitted by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, and clarifies that IPTV is merely an internet-
based content delivery mode and not a broadcasting or mobile WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 136 2026:KER:9220 access facility. With respect to telephony, Clauses 2.1(ii) to (iv) impose stringent restrictions by allowing only limited Internet Telephony such as PC-to-PC or IP-to-IP communication over the public Internet, and expressly barring any voice communication to or from PSTN/PLMN/GMPCS networks or the use of E.164 numbering. This prohibition categorically excludes the petitioners from offering any service that resembles or constitutes mobile telephony or 2G/3G/4G voice services. The licence further permits only the establishment of last-mile wired infrastructure, whether fibre, coaxial or copper, which is consistent exclusively with wired internet delivery. Clauses 4.1 and 4.2 on interconnection also show that the petitioners can interconnect only with other ISPs and are barred from having any connectivity with PSTN/PLMN networks, which is a defining feature of mobile access service. Taken cumulatively, these clauses demonstrate that the petitioners are statutorily confined to wired internet service and IPTV, and are not licensed to provide mobile access connectivity, spectrum-based WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 137 2026:KER:9220 telecommunication, real-time voice service, or any service requiring an Access Service Licence. Hence, the classification of the petitioners under the higher tariff category applicable to 2G/3G/4G mobile operators is prima facie without legal foundation.
16.1. Therefore the contentions of the KSEB that the petitioners do not come within the ambit of the telecommunication Act and that they are not facility providers under the Act, but only are governed by the Cable TV regulations cannot be accepted and are accordingly rejected.
16.2. The respondents' objection that the Right of Way Rules is violative of Sections 174 and 51 of the Electricity Act also cannot be sustained. The Rules have not been challenged by the respondents before any competent forum, and so long as they remain valid, administrative or financial inconvenience cannot be invoked to deny a statutory entitlement. Section 51 is merely an enabling provision permitting distribution licensees to undertake other WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 138 2026:KER:9220 business with separate accounts, and it does not create a vested right to demand any particular level of revenue or to override a binding Central framework governing the use of public infrastructure for telecommunication purposes. The apprehension that adherence to the compensation ceilings prescribed under the Rules will reduce non-tariff revenue or affect tariff fixation is speculative and contrary to the statutory scheme in which tariff determination lies exclusively with KSERC. The argument that the use of poles is a permissive act of grace and therefore cannot be extended at uniform or reduced rates is equally misconceived, for once the Central Rules mandate the terms and compensation payable, earlier permissive practices cannot override statutory obligations. The contention that TRAI-linked benchmarks are inapplicable also stands negated in view of the specific regime created for right of way and the compulsory nature of the process prescribed therein.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 139 2026:KER:9220 16.3. The Electricity Board is a non-profit public utility stands clearly affirmed by the Supreme Court in Kerala State Electricity Board v. Indian Aluminium Co. Ltd [(1976) 1 SCC 466]. The Court held that the Board is constituted solely for the rationalisation and development of electricity supply, is not a trading corporation, and functions without any profit motive. Its statutory duty is to ensure efficient and economical generation and distribution of electricity, and the only requirement is that it shall, as far as practicable, avoid operating at a loss. The Board receives State support and is bound by governmental policy directions, has no shareholders, and distributes no profits. These principles make it clear that KSEB cannot rely on revenue considerations or protection of ancillary income to oppose the statutory Right of Way framework.
17. In view of the binding statutory scheme governing right of way for overground telecommunication infrastructure, this Court WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 140 2026:KER:9220 holds that the respondents have no authority to levy or demand pole rent or usage charges except strictly in accordance with the rates prescribed under the applicable statutory amendments and rules in force from time to time. Any levy or demand dehors the ceilings fixed under the Indian Telegraph Right of Way (Amendment) Rules, 2021 and 2022, and thereafter under the Telecommunications Act, 2023 and the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024, is without jurisdiction and legally unsustainable. From 17.08.2022 onwards, the compensation payable for use of electricity poles, being street furniture for overground telecommunication networks, stands statutorily capped at Rs.100/-
per pole per annum, and the respondents were clearly in error in insisting upon or recovering higher or exorbitant amounts in disregard of the mandatory Central framework.
18. Accordingly, it is declared that the liability of the petitioners to pay pole rent or compensation is to be determined WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 141 2026:KER:9220 strictly in accordance with the agreements, settlements and statutory regimes applicable during the respective periods and not otherwise. The amounts fixed under agreements or Adalath settlements shall govern so long as they remained operative, and in the case of Asianet Satellite Communications Limited, they do not dispute the amounts fixed in the Adalath up to 31.03.2021 and are bound to discharge such liability for that period.
19. With effect from 26.02.2021, the rate of pole rent stood fixed by the Government of Kerala at Rs.300/- per pole per annum for urban and Rs. 145/- per pole annum for rural, under G.O.(Ms) No.9/2021/POWER, which rate was subsequently adopted and implemented by the Kerala State Electricity Board Limited through its Board Order dated 13.08.2021, and therefore the rate of Rs.300/-
and Rs. 145/- per pole per annum respectively, lawfully governed the field up to 21.10.2021. With effect from 21.10.2021, upon the coming into force of the Indian Telegraph Right of Way (Amendment) Rules, 2021, the levy of recurring pole rent stood WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 142 2026:KER:9220 replaced by a statutory regime providing only for one-time compensation not exceeding Rs.1,000/- per kilometre for overground telegraph infrastructure, and any demand beyond such statutory ceiling is without authority of law.
20. With effect from 17.08.2022, the Indian Telegraph Right of Way (Amendment) Rules, 2022 prescribed a maximum charge of Rs.100/- per annum per street furniture, which, in view of the statutory definitions and the clarification issued by the Ministry of Communications, expressly includes electricity poles, and therefore only the said amount is legally recoverable thereafter. The said statutory position continues unabated under the Telecommunications Act, 2023 by virtue of its saving provisions and stands reaffirmed under the Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024, which constitute a complete code governing overground telecommunication networks and cap the compensation payable for use of electricity poles at Rs.100/- per pole per annum from 17.08.2022 onwards.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 143 2026:KER:9220
21. In respect of the other writ petitions, where the liability to pay pole rent is governed by settlements arrived at in Adalath proceedings, such amounts shall be payable only up to 26.02.2021, being the date on which the Government of Kerala fixed the rate by Government Order, and thereafter the liability of the petitioners shall stand regulated exclusively by the rates and compensation prescribed under the statutory Right of Way Rules as in force from time to time.
22. It is consequently declared that any demand raised by the respondents in excess of the above rates for the corresponding periods is illegal and unsustainable in law and are thereby quashed.
There will be a direction to the respondents concerned to revise and rework the demands raised against the petitioners strictly in terms of the above declaration and the applicable statutory rates for each period, and to issue revised demands, within a period of six WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 144 2026:KER:9220 weeks from the date of receipt of a copy of this judgment.
The Writ Petitions are allowed as above.
Sd/-
MOHAMMED NIAS C.P. JUDGE DMR/-
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 145 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 PETITIONERS' EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 A TRUE COPY OF THE TRIPARTITE AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO BETWEEN THE PETITIONERS AND THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 4.5.2020.
Exhibit P2 A TRUE COPY OF THE ABOVE GO(MS) NO 9/2021/POWER DATED 26/02/2021 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS.
Exhibit P3 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER GO(MS) NO 11/2021/POWER DATED 02/03/2021 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS.
Exhibit P4 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO C3/450/2019- POWER DATED 29.4.2021 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS.
Exhibit P5 A TRUE COPY OF THE COVERING LETTER NO ESTT. XI/ASIANET POLE RENTAL/2019-20 DATED 27.5.2021.
Exhibit P5(a) A TRUE COPY OF THE DRAFT AGREEMENT SENT BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P6 A TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER B. O (D B) NO. 514/2021 (D (D& IT)/D 5/CABLE - POLES/2021 - 22/0001) DATED TVPM 5. 7. 2021.
Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE GOVERNMENT ORDER, G. O (MS) NO. 14/2021/POWER DATED 8.7.
2021.
Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER B. O (FTD) NO. 614/2021 (D (D& IT)/D 5/CABLE
- POLES/2021 - 22/0001) TVPM DATED 13.8.2021.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE B. O (FTD) NO. 747/2021 (ESTT.XI/ASIANET/2020 - 21) DATED TVPM 7.10.2021.
Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION OF THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 146 2026:KER:9220 OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) G.S.R. 1070(E) DATED 15TH NOVEMBER, 2016 PUBLISHING THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016.
Exhibit P10(a) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION OF THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) ISSUED NOTIFICATION NO G.S.R. 749(E) DATED 21ST OCTOBER, 2021 PUBLISHING THE RULES FURTHER TO AMEND THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016.
Exhibit P10(b) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION OF MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION NO GSR 635(E) DATED 17.8.2022.
Exhibit P10(c) TRUE COPY OF THE THE OFFICE MEMORANDUM NO. 2-10/2022-POLICY DATED 26.10.2022 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS). Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016 AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME IN 2017, 2021, 2022 AND 2023.
Exhibit P12 A TRUE COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACT 2023.
Exhibit P13 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO ESTT.
XI/ASIANET POLE RENT/2023-24 DATED 27.6.2023 BY WHICH THE 3RD RESPONDENT HAS DEMANDED RS 29,68,05,828/-.
Exhibit P14 A TRUE COPY OF THE ABOVE REPLY SENT BY THE PETITIONERS DATED 16.8.2023 TO THE THIRD RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P15 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO ESTT.
XI/ASIANET POLE RENT/2023-24 DATED 16.2.2024 ISSUED BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT CLAIMING RS 42,20,29,151/- AS THE DIFFERENTIAL AMOUNT FOR THE INTERNET SERVICE.
Exhibit P16 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION FILED BY
THE PETITIONERS BEFORE THE 3RD
RESPONDENT DATED 8.4.2024 REQUESTING TO WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 147 2026:KER:9220 RENEW THE AGREEMENT AND TO WITHDRAW THE WRONGFUL DEMANDS MADE.
Exhibit P17 A TRUE COPY OF THE PROFORMA INVOICE NO ESTT/11/ASIANET/2023-24(1) DATED 21.10.2024 ISSUED BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT DATED 21.10.2024.
Exhibit P17(a) A TRUE COPY OF THE PROFORMA INVOICE NO ESTT/11/ASIANET/2023-24(1) DATED 21.10.2024 DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS 1, 47,87,585.33 BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT FROM THE PETITIONERS.
Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER DATED 7.11.2024 ISSUED BY THE PETITIONERS TO THE 3RD RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P19 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO PWR-
C3/49/2023- POWER DATED 25.3.2025 ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT TO THE RESPONDENT KSEBL. Exhibit P20 TRUE COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION (RIGHT OF WAY) RULES 2024.
Exhibit P21 TRUE COPY OF THE LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR UNIFIED LICENSE NO 821-221/2014 - DS, SIGNED BY THE PETITIONER ON 1.2. 2016 WITH THE PRESIDENT OF INDIA, ACTING THROUGH SRI, SUBASH SHARMA, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR GENERAL (ISP-1), DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS.
Annexure 1 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO. 39DATED, 09.01.2004, S.O.44(E) ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS).
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS EXHIBIT R2(a) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 21.05.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(b) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.06.2021.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 148 2026:KER:9220
EXHIBIT R2(c) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
29.06.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(d) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
02.07.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(e) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
05.07.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(f) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
13.08.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(g) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
16.09.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(h) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
23.11.2021.
EXHIBIT R2(i) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
28.09.2022.
EXHIBIT R2(j) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
03.10.2022.
EXHIBIT R2(k) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
30.06.2025.
EXHIBIT R2(l) THE TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION
ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 149 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 29079 OF 2022 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AWARD OF THE DISTRICT LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM DATED
8. 8. 2014.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE COMMON JUDGMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) 19747 OF 2014. Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF STAY DATED 25.9.2018 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 29878 OF 2018.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 27.12.2019 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 35892 OF 2019.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 26/11/2020 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 25574 OF 2020.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO. GO (MS) NO 9/2021/POWER DATED 26.2.2021 ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA.
Exhibit P6(a) TRUE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT P6. Exhibit P7 MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION G.S.R. 1070(E) DATED 15TH NOVEMBER, 2016 PUBLISHING THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016.
Exhibit P8 MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION NO G.S.R. 749(E) DATED 21ST OCTOBER, 2021 PUBLISHING THE RULES FURTHER TO AMEND THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 15.11.2021. Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO ED/7031/21 DATED 16.7.2022 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 150 2026:KER:9220 Exhibit P11 TRUE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT P10. Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO 54 OF THE
COUNCIL OF THE FIRST RESPONDENT DATED 17.5.2022 WHICH WAS OBTAINED BY THE PETITIONER BY MAKING APPLICATION UNDER THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT.
Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT P12.
Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO ED 7031/21DATED 30.8.2022 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT WHICH WAS SERVED ON THE PETITIONER ON 2.9.2022.
Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT P14.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit R2(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 151 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 25201 OF 2021 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BETWEEN THE PETITIONER AND THE 2ND RESPONDENT CORPORATION DATED 28.1.2009. Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION OF THE KSEB DATED 14.10.2009 INCREASING THE POLE RENTAL CHARGES APPLICABLE TO THE PETITIONER FROM RS.131.4 TO RS.277/-. Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 3.11.2009 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT WPC 310014 OF 2009.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 19.11.2011 TO REVIEW THE DECISION OF THE COUNCIL, SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER. Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.76 DATED 23.2.2021 WHICH WAS OBTAINED BY THE PETITIONER UNDER THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT.
Exhibit P5(a) TRUE COPY OF THE UNDERTAKING SIGNED ON
BEHALF OF THE PETITIONER DATED
8.12.2011.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED2.6225/05
DATED 13.2.2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED 2.6225/05 DATED 11.4.2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED 2.6225/05 DATED 17.7.2914 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE AWARD DATED 8.8.2014 PASSED BY THE LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM.
Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE COMMON JUDGMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC 11872 OF 2013 AND WPC 19747 OF 2014.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 152 2026:KER:9220
Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-2014/18
DATED 20.7. 18 ISSUED BY THE 2ND
RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF
RS.34,72,410/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE
RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2018-19.
Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF STAY
DATED 25.9.2018 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC NO.29878 OF 2018.
Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.TCR/ATN/12/18
DATED 31.12.2018 ISSUED BY THE
PETITIONER TO THE FIRST RESPONDENT. Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.59 OF THE MUNICIPAL CORPORATION COUNCIL DATED 27.9.2019.
Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NO.ED1-8571/18 DATED 21.11.2019 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS 29,48,059/-.
Exhibit P16 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 27.12.2019 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC NO 35892 OF 2019.
Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.23 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 14.9.2020.
Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-7613/19 DATED 24.9.2020 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS 31,56,29/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2020-21.
Exhibit P19 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 26.11.2020 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC NO.25574 OF 2020.
Exhibit P20 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.34 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 13.8.2021.
Exhibit P21 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-6379/20 DATED 13.9.2021 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT F RS 34,80,022/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2021-22.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 153 2026:KER:9220 Exhibit P22 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO.GO(MS)
NO.9/2021 /POWER DATED 26.2.2021 ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA.
Exhibit P23 MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION G.S.R.1070(E) DATED 15TH NOVEMBER 2016 PUBLISHING THE INDIA TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES 2016.
Exhibit P24 MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION G.S.R.749 (E) DATED 21ST OCTOBER 2021 PUBLISHING THE INDIA TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES 2016.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Annexure -R2(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 154 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 25574 OF 2020 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS EXHIBIT P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BETWEEN THE PETITIONER AND THE 2ND RESPONDENT CORPORATION DATED 28.1.2009. EXHIBIT P2 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION OF THE KSEB DATED 14.10.2009 INCREASING THE POLE RENTAL CHARGES APPLICABLE TO THE PETITIONER FROM RS.131.4 TO RS.277/-. EXHIBIT P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 3.11.2009 PASSED BY THE HON'BLE COURT WPC 31014 OF 2009.
EXHIBIT P4 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 19.11.2011 TO REVIEW THE DECISION OF THE COUNCIL, SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER. EXHIBIT P5 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.76 DATED 23.2.2012, WHICH WAS OBTAINED BY THE PETITIONER.
EXHIBIT P5(a) TRUE COPY OF THE UNDERTAKING SIGNED ON
BEHALF OF THE PETITIONER DATED
8.12.2011.
EXHIBIT P6 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED2:6525/05
DATED 13.2.2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
EXHIBIT P7 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED 2:6525/05 DATED 11.4.2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
EXHIBIT P8 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO.ED 2 6525/05 DATED 17.7.2014 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT.
EXHIBIT P9 TRUE COPY FO THE AWARD DATED 8.8.2014 PASSED BY THE LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM.
EXHIBIT P10 TRUE COPY OF THE COMMON JUDGMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC 11872 OF 2013 AND WPC 19747 OF 2014.
EXHIBIT P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-2014/18
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 155 2026:KER:9220
DATED 20.7.18 ISSUED BY THE 2ND
RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF
RS.34,72,410/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE
RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2018-19.
EXHIBIT P12 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF STAY
DATED 25.9.2018 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC NO.29878 OF 2018.
EXHIBIT P13 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.
TCR/ATN/12/18 DATED 31.12.2018 ISSUED BY THE PETITIONER TO THE FIRST RESPONDENT. EXHIBIT P14 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.59 OF THE MUNICIPAL CORPORATION COUNCIL DATED 27.9.2019.
EXHIBIT P15 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NO. ED1-8571/18 DATED 21.11.2019 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS.29,48,059/-.
EXHIBIT P16 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 27.12.2019 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC NO.35892 OF 2019.
EXHIBIT P17 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.23 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 14.9.2020.
EXHIBIT P18 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-7613/19
DATED 24.9.2020 ISSUED BY THE IST
RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF
RS.31,56,429/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE
RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2020-21.
RESPONDENTS'
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE R2(a) TRUE COPY OF ORDER DATED 14.10.16 OF
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION.
ANNEXURE R2(b) TRUE COPY OF RESOLUTION No.90 OF CORPORATION COUNCIL DATED 12.7.18.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 156 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 29878 OF 2018 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS EXHIBIT P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BETWEEN THE PETITIONER AND THE 2ND RESPONDENT CORPORATION DATED 28/1/2009. EXHIBIT P2 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION OF THE KSEB DATED 14/10/2009 INCREASING THE POLE RENTAL CHARGES APPLICABLE TO THE PETITIONER FROM RS.131.4 TO RS.277/-. EXHIBIT P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 3/11/2009 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT WPC 31014 OF 2009.
EXHIBIT P4 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 19/11/2011 TO REVIEW THE DECISION OF THE COUNCIL, SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER. EXHIBIT P5 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.76 DATED 23/2/2012, WHICH WAS OBTAINED BY THE PETITIONER UNDER THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT.
EXHIBIT P5(a) TRUE COPY OF THE UNDERTAKING SIGNED ON
BEHALF OF THE PETITIONER DATED
8/12/2011.
EXHIBIT P6 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED2.6525/05
DATED 13/2/2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
EXHIBIT P7 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED 2.6525/05 DATED 11/4/2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
EXHIBIT P8 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO.ED 26525/05 DATED 17/7/2014 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT.
EXHIBIT P9 TRUE COPY OF THE AWARD DATED 8/8/2014 PASSED BY THE LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM.
EXHIBIT P10 TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WPC 19747 OF 2014.
EXHIBIT P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-2014/18 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 157 2026:KER:9220 DATED 20/7/18 ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS.34,72,410/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2018-19.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS EXHIBIT R2(a) TRUE COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION.
EXHIBIT R3(b) TRUE COPY OF RESOLUTION NO.90 OF CORPORATION COUNCIL DATED 12/7/2018.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 158 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 35892 OF 2019 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS EXHIBIT P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BETWEEN THE PETITIONER AND THE 2ND RESPONDENT CORPORATION DATED 28.1.2009 EXHIBIT P2 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION OF THE KSEB DATED 14.10.2009 INCREASING THE POLE RENTAL CHARGES APPLICABLE TO THE PETITIONER FROM RS.1314 TO RS.277/- EXHIBIT P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 3.11.2009 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT WPC 31014/2009 EXHIBIT P4 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 19.11.2011 TO REVIEW THE DECISION OF THE COUNCIL, SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER EXHIBIT P5 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO.76 DATED 23.2.2012, WHICH WAS OBTAINED BY THE PETITIONER UNDER THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT EXHIBIT P5(a) TRUE COPY OF THE UNDERTAKING SIGNED ON BEHALF OF THE PETITIONER DATED 8.12.2011 EXHIBIT P6 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED2.6525/05 DATED 13.2.2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER EXHIBIT P7 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER ED 2: 6525/05 DATED 11.4.2013 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER EXHIBIT P8 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO.ED.26525/05 DATED 17.07.2014 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT EXHIBIT P9 TRUE COPY OF THE AWARD DATED 8.8.2014 PASSED BY THE LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM EXHIBIT P10 TRUE COPY OF THE COMMON JUDGMENT OF THE HON'BLE COURT IN WPC 11872 OF 2013 AND WPC 19747/2014 EXHIBIT P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO.ED1-2014/18 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 159 2026:KER:9220 DATED 20.07.18 ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS.34,72,410/- TOWARDS ALLEGED POLE RENTALS FOR THE YEAR 2018-19 EXHIBIT P12 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF STAY DATED 25.09.2018 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C)NO.29878/2018 EXHIBIT P13 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.T.CR/ATN/12/18 DATED 31.12.2018 ISSUED BY THE PETITIONER TO THE FIRST RESPONDENT EXHIBIT P14 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION ON 59 OF THE MUNICIPAL CORPORATION COUNCIL DATED 27.09.2019 EXHIBIT P15 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NO.ED1-8571/18 DATED 21.11.2019 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT DEMANDING AN AMOUNT OF RS.29,48.059/-
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS ANNEXURE R2(a) TRUE COPY OF ORDER DATED 14.10.16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION.
ANNEXURE R2(b) TRUE COPY OF RESOLUTION NO.90 OF CORPORATION COUNCIL DATED 12.7.18.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 160 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 30646 OF 2024 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AWARD OF THE DISTRICT LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM DATED 8.8.2014 Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE COMMON JUDGMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 27.8.2014 IN WP(C) 11872 OF 2013 AND WP(C) 19747 OF 2014 Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF STAY DATED 25.9.2018 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 29878 OF 2018 Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 27.12.2019 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 35892 OF 2019 Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 26/11/2020 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 25574 OF 2020 Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER GO (MS) NO 9/2021/POWER DATED 26.2.2021, ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION Exhibit 6(a) TRUE COPY OF G.O. NO. 11/2021/POWER DATED 2.3.2021 MODIFIED DURATION AS 10 YEARS WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION Exhibit P6(b) TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER (FTD) NO.747/2021 (ESTT.XI/ASIANET/2020-21) DATED 7.10.2021 Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE GAZETTE NOTIFICATION NO. G.S.R. 1070(E) (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) DATED 15TH NOVEMBER, 2016 PUBLISHING THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016 Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE GAZETTE NOTIFICATION NO G.S.R. 749(E) DATED 21ST OCTOBER, 2021 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) PUBLISHING THE RULES FURTHER TO AMEND THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 161 2026:KER:9220 2016 Exhibit P8(a) MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION NO GSR 635(E) DATED 17.8.2022 Exhibit P8(b) TRUE COPY OF THE CLARIFICATION NO. 2- 10/2022-POLICY. DATED 26.10.2022 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 15.11.2021 IN WPC NO. 25201 OF 2021 Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 6.09.2022 IN WPC NO. 29079 OF 2022 Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO ED1-326/23 DATED 12.12.2023 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO 24 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE FIRST RESPONDENT DATED 10.11.2023 WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 4.4.2024 IN WPC NO 13780 OF 2024 Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 28.5.2024 IN WPC NO 13780 OF 2024 Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGEMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 27.6.2024 IN WPC NO 13780 OF 2024 RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R1(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION Exhibit -R1(b) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 13/8/21 ISSUED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 162 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 38386 OF 2024 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AWARD OF THE DISTRICT LEGAL SERVICE AUTHORITY TRIVANDRUM DATED 8.8.2014 Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE COMMON JUDGMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) 11872 OF 2013 AND WP(C) 19747 OF 2014 DATED 27.8.2014 Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF STAY DATED 25.9.2018 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 29878 OF 2018 Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 27.12.2019 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 35892 OF 2019 Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 26/11/2020 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN WP(C) NO 25574 OF 2020 Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE ABOVE ORDER GO (MS) NO 9/2021/POWER DATED 26.2.2021, ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA Exhibit 6(a) TRUE COPY OF G.O. NO. 11/2021/POWER DATED 2.3.2021 Exhibit 6(b) TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER (FTD) NO.747/2021 (ESTT.XI/ASIANET/2020-21) DATED 7.10.2021 Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF NOTIFICATION NO. G.S.R. 1070(E) DATED 15TH NOVEMBER, 2016 PUBLISHING THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016 ISSUED BY MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO. G.S.R. 749(E) DATED 21ST OCTOBER, 2021 PUBLISHING THE RULES FURTHER TO AMEND THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016 ISSUED BY 11. MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 163 2026:KER:9220 Exhibit P8(a) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO GSR 635(E) DATED 17.8.2022 ISSUED BY MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) Exhibit P8(b) TRUE COPY OF THE THE CLARIFICATION NO.
2-10/2022-POLICY. DATED 26.10.2022 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 15.11.2021 IN WPC NO. 25201 OF 2021 Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 6.09.2022 IN WPC NO. 29079 OF 2022 Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO ED1-326/23 DATED 12.12.2023 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF DECISION NO 24 OF THE COUNCIL OF 1ST RESPONDENT DATED 10.11.2023 Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE SAID INTERIM ORDER OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 4.4.2024 IN WPC NO 13780 OF 2024 Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 28.5.2024 IN WPC NO 13780 OF 2024 Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGEMENT OF THIS HON'BLE COURT DATED 27.6.2024 IN WPC NO 13780 OF 2024 Exhibit P16 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO ED1-698/24 DATED 13.09.2024 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION NO 84 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE FIRST RESPONDENT DATED 8.8.2024 RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R1(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATE 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY CORNMISSION Exhibit -R1(b) A COPYOFÖRDER DATED 13/8/21ISSUED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 164 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 44166 OF 2023 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE G.O. (MS) NO.
9/2021/POWER DATED 26.02.2021, ALONG WITH TRANSLATION COPY.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE B.O. (DB) NO. 514/ 2021 (D(D&IT)/ D5/ CABLE - POLES/2021 -
22/0001) DATED, TVPM 05.07.2021.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 03.08.2021 BY THE PETITIONER TO THE 1ST RESPONDENT, ALONG WITH TRANSLATION COPY. Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE REVISED RENTAL LETTER NO. E.D. 1-228/21 DATED 13.09.2021 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 11.10.2021 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P5 (a) TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 28.12.2021 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED 15.02.2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE DECISION OF 52ND COUNCIL MEETING OF THE RESPONDENT NO. 1 HELD ON 17.05.2022.
Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. E.D. 1- 1023/22 DATED 16.07.2022 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY DATED 28.07.2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1ST RESPONDENT Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED 30/7/2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 2ND RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 165 2026:KER:9220
01.09.2022, ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 30.09.2022, ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 14.10.2022, ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 27.10.2022 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 33592/2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P15 THE ARGUMENT NOTE (WITHOUT ANNEXURES)
DATED 28.10.2023, FILED BY THE
PETITIONER BEFORE THE 1ST RESPONDENT. Exhibit P16 THE TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED 13/1/2023 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P17 THE TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. EDI-
335/23, DATED 12.12.2023, ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 03.09.2020 PASSED BY THE KSERC.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R1(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION Exhibit -R1(b) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 13/8/21 ISSUED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 166 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 10780 OF 2025 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF G.O[MS]NO.9/2021/POWER DATED 26/2/2021 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF G.O (MS)NO.14/2021/POWER DATED, 08.07.2021 ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF B.O[FTD]NO.614/2021[D[D&IT] /D5/CABLE POLES/2021- 22/0001] TVPM, DATED 13/8/2021 ISSUED BY THE 4TH RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGMENT IN W.P.[C] NO.21277 OF 2022 DATED 07.08.2024.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 27/07/2024 SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER BEFORE THE 6TH RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. ED1 /5438/24 DATED 01.02.2025 ISSUED BY THE 6TH RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING
HELD BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT ON
06/07/2024.
Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT
OF WAY [AMENDMENT] RULES, 2022 PUBLISHED AS G.S.R.635[E] DATED 17/08/2022.
Exhibit P9 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.PWR-
C3/I58/2025-POWER DATED 03/04/2025, ISSUED TO SREEKAND. C.P., BY STATE PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER OF THE POWER [C] DEPARTMENT, ALONG WITH LETTER NO.PWR-C3/49/2023-POWER DATED 25/3/2025, ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER [C] DEPARTMENT.
Exhibit P10 A TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.
(MS)NO.12/2025/ITD DATED 17.07.2025
ISSUED BY THE SPECIAL SECRETARY TO
GOVERNMENT, ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 167 2026:KER:9220 TECHNOLOGY [B]DEPARTMENT.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R6(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY. REGULATORY COMMISSION WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 168 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 24281 OF 2025 PETITIONERS' EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE GO(MS) NO 9/2021/POWER DATED 26/02/2021 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER GO(MS)NO.
11/2021/POWER DATED 02/03/2021 ISSUED BY THE FIRST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER B. O (D B) NO. 514/2021 (D (D& IT)/D 5/CABLE -
POLES/2021 - 22/0001) DATED TVPM
5.7.2021.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF GOVERNMENT ORDER, G. O (MS)
NO. 14/2021/POWER DATED 8.7.2021.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF BOARD ORDER B. O (FTD) NO.
614/2021 (D (D& IT)/D 5/CABLE -
POLES/2021 - 22/0001) TVPM DATED
13.8.2021.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF NOTIFICATION G.S.R. 1070(E)
DATED 15TH NOVEMBER, 2016 OF THE
MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) PUBLISHING THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016.
Exhibit P6(a) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO G.S.R. 749(E) DATED 21ST OCTOBER, 2021 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS). Exhibit P6(b) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO GSR 635(E) DATED 17.8.2022 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS).
Exhibit P6(c) TRUE COPY OF THE OFFICE MEMORANDUM NO.
2-10/2022-POLICY DATED 26.10.2022-POLICY DATED 26.10.2022 ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS).
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 169 2026:KER:9220
OF WAY RULES, 2016.
Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACT
2023.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY
THE HON'BLE HIGH COURT IN IA NO 1 OF
2025 DATED 11.6.2025 IN WPC NO 40017 OF 2024.
Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE/INVOICE NO 6 DATED 20.3.2025 ISSUED BY THE 4TH RESPONDENT FOR 4049 POLES FOR THE YEAR 2025-26 TO THE THIRD PETITIONER.
Exhibit P10(a) LEGIBLE TYPED COPY OF EXHIBIT P10. Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE/INVOICE NO PDN 5111242500198 DATED 26.3.2025 ISSUED BY THE 5TH RESPONDENT FOR 397 POLES IN RURAL AREA FOR THE YEAR 2025-26 TO THE FIRST PETITIONER.
Exhibit 11(a) LEGIBLE TYPED COPY OF EXHIBIT P11. Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE/INVOICE NO PDN 5107242500081 DATED 5.4.2025 ISSUED BY THE 6TH RESPONDENT FOR 399 POLES TO THE FIRST PETITIONER.
Exhibit P12(a) LEGIBLE TYPED COPY OF EXHIBIT P12. Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE/INVOICE NO PDN5106252600059 DATED 3.4.2025 ISSUED BY THE 7TH RESPONDENT FOR 1861 POLES FOR THE YEAR 2025-26 ISSUED TO THE FIRST PETITIONER.
Exhibit 13(a) LEGIBLE TYPED COPY OF EXHIBIT P13. Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE/INVOICE NO 137 DATED 19.4.2025 ISSUED BY THE 8TH RESPONDENT POLES FOR THE YEAR 2025-26 TO THE SECOND PETITIONER.
Exhibit P14(a) LEGIBLE COPY OF EXHIBIT P14. Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE/INVOICE NO PDN5101242500142 DATED 13.3.2025 ISSUED BY THE 10TH RESPONDENT FOR 405 POLES TO THE SECOND RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P15 (a) LEGIBLE TYPED COPY OF EXHIBIT P15.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 170 2026:KER:9220 Exhibit P(16) TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO PWR-
C3/49/2023- POWER DATED 25.3.2025 ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT TO THE RESPONDENT KSEBL. Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION (RIGHT OF WAY) RULES 2024.
Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR UNIFIED LICENSE NO 821-86/2014 - DS SIGNED BY THE M/S DIWAN SUPPORTS PVT. LTD. ON 8.8. 2016 Exhibit P19 LETTER NO 821-86/2014-DS(VO-II) DATED 11.1.2024 OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, MINISTRY TAKING ON RECORD THE CHANGE OF NAME OF THE 1ST PETITIONER FROM M/S DIWAN SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS EXHIBIT R2 (a) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 21.05.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (b) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.06.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (c) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 29.06.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (d) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 02.07.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (e) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 05.07.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (f) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 13.08.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (g) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.09.2021.
EXHIBIT R 2 (h) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 23.11.2021.
EXHIBIT R2 (i) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 28.09.2022.
EXHIBIT R2(j) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 03.10.2022.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 171 2026:KER:9220
EXHIBIT R2(k) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED
30.06.2025.
EXHIBIT R2(l) THE TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION
ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 172 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 24825 OF 2025 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 13.12.2023 ISSUED BY THE POST MASTER, OFFICE OF THE POST MASTER, HEAD POST OFFICE, THALASSERY TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P2 A TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND RECOVERY
NOTICE NO.ED/THALASSERY/AB1/CABLE
TV/2024-2025/26 SENT BY THE 1ST
RESPONDENT DATED 17.01.2025.
Exhibit P3 A TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER NO. BO/
(FB)(GENL) NO.443/2012(DPCII/ ASIANET
-2/2011) DATED 25.02.2012.
Exhibit P4 A TRUE COPY OF THE ABOVE G.O (MS)
NO.9/2021/POWER DATED 26.02.2021. Exhibit P5 A TRUE COPY OF THE GO.(MS).NO.
11/2021.ED. DATED 02.03.2021.
Exhibit P6 A TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER NO.B.O(DB)NO.514/2021(D(D&IT)/D5/CABLE- POLES/2021-22/0001 DATED 05.07.2021. Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 17.8.2022 ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 27.06.2025 IN I.A.NO.1/2025 IN W.P. (C).NO.40017/2024.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit R1(a). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 21.05.2021 Exhibit R1(b). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.06.2021 Exhibit R1(c). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 29.06.2021 Exhibit R1(d). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 02.07.2021 Exhibit R1(e). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 173 2026:KER:9220 05.07.2021 Exhibit R1(f). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 13.08.2021 Exhibit R1(g). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.09.2021 Exhibit R1(h). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 23.11.2021 Exhibit R1(i). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 28.09.2022 Exhibit R1(j). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 03.10.2022 Exhibit R1(k). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 30.06.2025 Exhibit R1(l). THE TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 174 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 26617 OF 2025 PETITIONER EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF G.O[MS]NO.9/2021/POWER DATED 26/2/2021 ISSUED BY SECOND RESPONDENT Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF GO(MS) NO 11/2021/POWER DATED 02/03/2021 ISSUED BY SECOND RESPONDENT Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER B.O(D B) NO 514/2021(D (D & IT)/D 5/ CABLE/ POLES/2021-22/0001) DATED THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 05/07/2021 ISSUED BY FIFTH RESPONDENT Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY [AMENDMENT] RULES, 2022 PUBLISHED AS G.S.R.635[E] DATED 17/8/2022 Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 19/06/2025 EVIDENCING THE PAYMENT OF POLE RENT BY THE 17TH PETITIONER Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 30/03/2024 EVIDENCING THE PAYMENT OF POLE RENT BY THE 2ND PETITIONER Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 25/06/2025 EVIDENCING THE PAYMENT OF POLE RENT BY THE 4TH PETITIONER Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 15/03/2023 EVIDENCING THE PAYMENT OF POLE RENT BY THE 11TH PETITIONER Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 18/10/2023 EVIDENCING THE PAYMENT OF POLE RENT BY THE 9TH PETITIONER Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 451 DATED 16/11/2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS, ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 2NDPETITIONER Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 548 DATED 28/3/2023 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 175 2026:KER:9220 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 3RD PETITIONER Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 114 DATED 22/12/2020 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS, ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 4TH PETITIONER Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 540 DATED 20/1/2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS, ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 7TH PETITIONER Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 536 DATED 27/10/2022 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS, ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 8TH PETITIONER Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 346 DATED 03/8/2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 10TH PETITIONER Exhibit P16 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 579 DATED 09/05/2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS, ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 11TH PETITIONER Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 14/7/2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING TO THE 12TH PETITIONER Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 276 DATED 01/11/2022 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 13TH PETITIONER Exhibit P19 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 538 DATED 23/11/2022 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 176 2026:KER:9220 POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 14TH PETITIONER Exhibit P20 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 439 DATED 25/11/2020 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 15TH PETITIONER Exhibit P21 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 432 DATED 03/02/2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 16TH PETITIONER Exhibit P22 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 19/6/2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING TO THE 17TH PETITIONER Exhibit P23 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE NO 541 DATED 06/12/2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER, DEPARTMENT OF POSTS,ALUVA HEAD POST OFFICE TO THE 18TH PETITIONER Exhibit P24 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 7TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P25 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 6TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P26 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 13TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P27 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 5TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P28 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 177 2026:KER:9220 LTD TO THE 12TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P29 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 18TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P30 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 14TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P31 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 3RD PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P32 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 10TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P33 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 8TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P34 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 16TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P35 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 9TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P36 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 15TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P37 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 2ND PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P38 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 178 2026:KER:9220 LTD TO THE 4TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P39 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 17TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P40 TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORISATION DATED NIL ISSUED BY THE MANAGING DIRECTOR, EXTRANET SUPPORTS PVT LTD TO THE 11TH PETITIONER'S FRANCHISE Exhibit P41 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER DATED 11/06/2025 IN IA NO 1 OF 2025 IN WP(C) NO 40017 OF 2024 OF THIS HON'BLE COURT Exhibit P42 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.PWR-
C3/49/2023-POWER DATED 25/03/2025 ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT TO THE 5TH RESPONDENT RESPONDENT EXHIBITS EXHIBIT R5 (a) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 21.05.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (j) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 03.10.2022 EXHIBIT R5 (b) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 16.06.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (c) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 29.06.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (d) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 02.07.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (e) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 05.07.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (f) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 13.08.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (g) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 16.09.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (h) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 23.11.2021 EXHIBIT R5 (i) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 28.09.2022 EXHIBIT R5 (k) TRUE COPY OF B.O DATED 30.06.2025 EXHIBIT R5 (l) TRUE COPY OF COMMUNICATION ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 179 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 28901 OF 2025 PETITIONER EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE SAID GO (MS) NO.
9/2021/POWER DATED 26-02-2021 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER AS GO (MS).NO.
11/2021/POWER DATED 02-03-2021 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER AS B.O(D B) NO.514/2021 (D (D & TT)/D 5/CABLE POLES/2021- 22/0001) DATED TVPM 05-07- 2021 Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER AS G.O.(MS).
NO.14/2021/POWER DATED 08-07-2021 ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF BOARD ORDER IN B.O (FTD) NO.614/2021 (D (D&TT) D 5/CABLE POLES 2021-22/0001) TVPM DATED 13-08-2021 Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION OF MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS (DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS) NOTIFICATION G.S.R. 1070 (E) DATED 15-11-2016 Exhibit P6(a) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO. G.S.R 749 (E) DATED 21-10-2021 Exhibitp6(b) TRUE COPY OF THE NOTIFICATION NO. GSR 635 (E) DATED 17-08-2022 Exhibitp6(c) TRUE COPY OF THE OFFICE MEMORANDUM NO.2- 10/2022-POLICY DATED 26-10-2022 Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY RULES, 2016 AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME IN 2017, 2021, 2022 AND 2023 Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACT, 2023 Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.PWRC3/49/2023-POWER DATED 25-03-2025 ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT TO THE RESPONDENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 180 2026:KER:9220 KSEBL Exhibit 10 A TRUE COPY OF THE PUBLISHED BY'AUTI]ORITY RULES, 2024 Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER 11-06- 2025 PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN IA.NO.1/2025 DATED 11-06-2025 IN WP.C.NO.40017/2024 Exhibit P12 THE POLE RENT CALCULATION DATED 19-03- 2025 FOR THE YEAR 2025-26, ISSUED BY THE 5TH RESPONDENT TO THE 1ST PETITIONER FOR 1032 POLES USED BY THE IT AT THE RATE OF RS. 615.76 FOR 289 POLES IN URBAN AREA AND AT THE RATE OF RS. 307.88 FOR THE 743 POLES IN RURAL AREA Exhibit P13 THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 17-06-2025 ISSUED FROM THE OFFICE OF THE 5TH RESPONDENT FOR THE PAYMENT OF RS. 1,24,973/-
TOWARDS POLE RENT FOR THE 1ST QUARTER OF 2025-26, FOR THE 1032 POLES Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE POLE RENT CALCULATION FOR YEAR 2025-26 ISSUED BY THE 5TH RESPONDENT TO THE PREDECESSOR Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE INVOICE NO. IN-MAY-25- 00662 DATED 12-05-2025 ISSUED BY THE 5TH RESPONDENT TO THE 2ND PETITIONER Exhibit P16 THE POLE RENT CALCULATION DATED 20-03- 2025 FOR THE YEAR 2025-26 ISSUED BY THE 5TH RESPONDENT TO THE 3RD PETITIONER FOR 482 POLES Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF THE CASH RECEIPT DATED 19- 06-2025 ISSUED BY THE OFFICERS OF THE 5TH RESPONDENT TO TH3 3RD PETITIONER WITH RESPECT TO THE 1ST QUARTER POLE RENT FOR THE YEAR 2025-26 FOR 482 POLES Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE TAX INVOICE DATED 25- 06-2025 ISSUED BY THE OFFICE OF THE 6TH RESPONDENT WITH RESPECT TO 384 POLES WITH TYPED COPY WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 181 2026:KER:9220 RESPONDENT EXHIBITS EXHIBIT R3 (a) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 21.05.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (b) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 16.06.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (c) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 29.06.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (d) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 02.07.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (e) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 05.07.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (f) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 13.08.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (g) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 16.09.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (h) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 23.11.2021 EXHIBIT R3 (i) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 28.09.2022 EXHIBIT R3 (j) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 03.10.2022 EXHIBIT R3 (k) TRUE COPY OF THE B.O DATED 30.06.2025 EXHIBIT R3 (l) TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 182 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 29253 OF 2025 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO BETWEEN THE PETITIONER AND BSNL DATED 19.09.2020.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(MS) NO.21/2012/ITD DATED 20.10.2012.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF G.O[MS]NO. 9/2021/POWER DATED 26/2/2021.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY [AMENDMENT] RULES, 2022 PUBLISHED AS G.S.R.635[E] DATED 17.8.2022.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT DATED 29.05.2025.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE ISSUED BY 4TH RESPONDENT DATED 27.05.2025.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE DEMAND NOTICE ISSUED BY 5TH RESPONDENT DATED 02.07.2025.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 183 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 34810 OF 2025 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS (RIGHT OF WAY) RULES 2024.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. ED1 -
3933/25 DATED 19.08.2025 ISSUED BY 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE INSTRUCTIONS NO. PWR-
C3/ 49 /2023- POWER DATED 25.03.2025 ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA (POWER DEPARTMENT).
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE G.O.(MS)NO.12/2025/ITD DATED 17.07.2025 ISSUED BY THE SPECIAL SECRETARY TO ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R1(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 IN OA 12 OF 2016 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY. REGULATORY COMMISSION.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 184 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 35490 OF 2025 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE WITH LICENSE NO. CTV/1268 DATED 26-11-2024.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF G.O (MS). N.9/2021/POWER DATED 26.02.2021.
Exhibit P3 B.O(DB) NO.514/2021(D(D&IT)/D5CABLE-
OLES/2021-22/0001 DATED TVPM DATED 5.07.2021.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE RELEVANT PAGES OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION (RIGHT OF WAY) RULE, 2024.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER DATED 25.03.2025 ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT TO KSEB.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE PROFORMA INVOICE ISSUE BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE BANK STATEMENT SHOWING THE REMITTANCE OF THE RENT TO THE RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER IN I.A. NO. 1 OF 2025 IN W.P.(C) NO. 19754 OF 2024.
Exhibit P9 COPY OF NOTIFICATION NO.39 DATED 09.01.2004 ISSUED BY MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS EXHIBIT R1 (a) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 21.05.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (b) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.06.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (c) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 29.06.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (d) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 02.07.2021 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 185 2026:KER:9220 EXHIBIT R1 (e) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 05.07.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (f) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 13.08.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (g) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.09.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (h) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 23.11.2021 EXHIBIT R1 (i) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 28.09.2022 EXHIBIT R1 (j) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 03.10.2022 EXHIBIT R1 (k) THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 30.06.2025 EXHIBIT R1 (l) THE TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 186 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 39930 OF 2025 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE WITH REGISTRATION NUMBER 3015 DATED 05.01.2022.
Exhibit P2 A TRUE COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE ISSUED BY THE OFFICE OF THE ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR DATED 19.06.2023.
Exhibit P3 COPY OF G.O (MS). N.9/2021/POWER DATED 26.02.2021.
Exhibit P4 COPY OF B.O(DB) NO.514/2021(D(D&IT)/ D5CABLE-OLES/2021-22/0001 DATED TVPM 5.07.2021.
Exhibit P5 COPY OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION (RIGHT OF WAY) RULE, 2024.
Exhibit P6 A COPY OF THE LETTER DATED 25.3.2025 ISSUED BY THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT TO KSEB.
Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE PROFORMA INVOICE ISSUE BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER IN I.A. NO. 1 OF 2025 IN W.P.(C) NO. 1974 OF 2024.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit R1(a). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 21.05.2021 Exhibit R1(b). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.06.2021 Exhibit R1(c). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 29.06.2021 Exhibit R1(d). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 02.07.2021 Exhibit R1(e). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 05.07.2021 Exhibit R1(f). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 13.08.2021 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 187 2026:KER:9220 Exhibit R1(g). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 16.09.2021 Exhibit R1(h). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 23.11.2021 Exhibit R1(i). HE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 28.09.2022 Exhibit R1(j). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 03.10.2022 Exhibit R1(k). THE TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER DATED 30.06.2025 Exhibit R1(l). THE TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION ISSUED BY THE BOARD ON 17.06.2025 TO THE ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY, POWER DEPARTMENT WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 188 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 12680 OF 2024 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY OF THE G.O. (MS) NO.
9/2021/POWER DATED 26.02.2021.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF THE B.O. (DB) NO. 514/ 2021 (D(D&IT)/ D5/ CABLE - POLES/2021 -
22/0001) DATED, TVPM 05.07.2021.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 03.08.2021 BY THE PETITIONER TO THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF THE REVISED RENTAL LETTER NO. E.D. 1-228/21 DATED 13.09.2021 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER FOR 2021- 22.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 11.10.2021 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P5(a) TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 28.12.2021 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED 15.02.2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF THE AGENDA AND DECISION OF THE 52ND COUNCIL MEETING OF THE RESPONDENT NO. 1, DATED 17.05.2022. Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. E.D. 1- 1023/22 DATED 16.07.2022 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER FOR 2022 - 23.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY DATED 28.07.2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED 30.07.2022 FILED ON 01.08.2022 BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 2ND RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 01.09.2022 WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 189 2026:KER:9220 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER FOR 2022 - 23.
Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 30.09.2022 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER FOR 2022 - 23.
Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 14.10.2022, ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER FOR 2022 - 23.
Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 27.10.2022 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO 33592/2022 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF THE ARGUMENT NOTE (WITHOUT ANNEXURES) DATED 28.10.2022, FILED BY THE PETITIONER BEFORE THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P16 TRUE COPY OF THE RECEIPT DATED 03.11.2022 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED 13.01.2023 FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1ST RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. EDI-335/23, DATED 12.12.2023 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER FOR 2023 -
24.Exhibit P19 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE DATED 09.01.2024 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit P20 TRUE COPY RELEVANT PAGES OF THE AUDIT REPORT PUBLISHED BY THE COMPTROLLER & AUDIT GENERAL OF INDIA AS REPORT OF 2007
- FINANCIAL & PERFORMANCE AUDIT OF LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R1(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION Exhibit -R1(b) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 13/8/21 ISSUED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 190 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 44221 OF 2025 PETITIONERS' EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.KL/2025/ 349742382 DATED 01.03.2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSING SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI. Exhibit P2 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.396 DATED 01.11.2024 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER CALICUT CIVIL STATION HEAD POST OFFICE IN THE NAME OF THE 2ND PETITIONER.
Exhibit P3 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.CEH- 1241(NEW) DATED 16.01.2025 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER KANNUR HEAD POST OFFICE IN THE NAME OF THE 3RD PETITIONER.
Exhibit P4 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.KL/2025/463609813 DATED 07.04.2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSING SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 4TH PETITIONER. Exhibit P5 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.KL/2025/1095726735 DATED 15.02.2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSING SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 5TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P6 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.KL/2025/210650712 DATED 21.04.2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSING SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 191 2026:KER:9220 THE NAME OF THE 6TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY THE ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (B) DEPARTMENT IN G.O.(MS)NO.12/2025/ITD DATED 17.07.2025.
Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER MADE IN W.P.(C) NO.19754/2024 DATED 27.06.2025 AND CONNECTED CASES BY THIS HON'BLE COURT.
Exhibit P9 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 01.07.2025 SENT BY THE 1ST PETITIONER ADDRESSED TO THE RESPONDENTS 2 TO 5.
Exhibit P10 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 01.07.2025 SENT BY THE 2ND PETITIONER ADDRESSED TO THE RESPONDENTS 2 TO 5.
Exhibit P11 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 01.07.2025 SENT BY THE 3RD PETITIONER ADDRESSED TO THE RESPONDENTS 2,3, 8 AND 9. Exhibit P12 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 01.07.2025 SENT BY THE 4TH PETITIONER ADDRESSED TO THE RESPONDENTS 2, 3 AND 7. Exhibit P13 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 01.07.2025 SENT BY THE 5TH PETITIONER ADDRESSED TO THE RESPONDENTS 2,3,4 AND 6. Exhibit P14 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 01.07.2025 SENT BY THE 6TH PETITIONER ADDRESSED TO THE RESPONDENTS 2,3, 7, AND 10. WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 192 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 46679 OF 2025 PETITIONERS' EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 A TRUE COPY OF THE RENEWED REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.507 DATED 23.02.2024 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER CHALAKUDY IN THE NAME OF THE 1ST PETITIONER.
Exhibit P2 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/535539016 DATED 24.06.2025 ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI. Exhibit P3 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. 1980 DATED 29.05.2024 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER IRINJALAKUDA IN THE NAME OF THE 3RD PETITIONER ALONG WITH LEGIBLE COPY.
Exhibit P4 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/568689238 DATED 06.12.2025 IS ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 4TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P5 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/885567960 DATED 21.11.2025IS ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 5TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P6 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. 1866 DATED 05.10.2023 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER IRINJALAKUDA IN THE NAME OF THE 6TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P7 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 193 2026:KER:9220
CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/117316017 DATED 06.05.2025 IS ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 7TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P8 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. 3500 DATED 20.04.2024 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER THRISSUR IN THE NAME OF THE 8TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P9 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/898732234 DATED 15.05.2025 IS ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 9TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P10 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/191678709 DATED 10.07.2025 IS ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 10TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P11 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. KL/2025/944238090 DATED 22.08.2025 IS ISSUED BY THE SECTION OFFICER, DIGITAL ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM, MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING, NEW DELHI IN THE NAME OF THE 11TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P12 A TRUE COPY OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE BEARING REGISTRATION NO. 1932 DATED 27.02.2025 ISSUED BY THE POSTMASTER THRISSUR IN THE NAME OF THE 12TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P13 A TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY THE ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (B) DEPARTMENT IN G.O.(MS)NO.12/2025/ITD DATED 17.07.2025.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 194 2026:KER:9220 Exhibit P14 A TRUE COPY OF THE INTERIM ORDER PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN W.P.(C) NO.19754/2024 DATED 27.06.2025 AND CONNECTED CASES BY THIS HON'BLE COURT.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 195 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 36973 OF 2024 PETITIONERS' EXHIBITS Exhibit P1 TRUE COPY AT REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 16.11.2023 BEARING NUMBER 3324 ISSUED TO THE 1ST PETITIONER BY POST MASTER, THRISSUR.
Exhibit P2 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 25.02.2022 ISSUED TO THE 2ND PETITIONER UNDER TRADE NAME ‘TECH INNOVATIONS' UNDER KAST ACT BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
Exhibit P3 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 16.11.2023 BEARING NUMBER 3325 ISSUED TO THE 3RD PETITIONER.
Exhibit P4 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATES DATED 16.11.2023 BEARING NUMBER 3323 ISSUED TO THE 4TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P5 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE
DATED 7.11.2023 BEARING
NO.KLM/CTN/766/2023 TO 5TH PETITIONER. Exhibit P6 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 15.02.2024 BEARING REGISTRATION NUMBER IS 3409 ISSUED TO THE 6TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P7 TRUE COPY OF SANCTION LETTER NO RB/CABLE TV/ 2021 - 22/ 434/ 09-07-2021 ISSUED BY KSEB, ELECTRICAL DIVISION (EAST) THRISSUR TO 7TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P8 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 08.09.2023 BEARING NO 541 ISSUED TO 8TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P9 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 15.03.2024 ISSUED TO THE 9TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P10 TRUE COPY OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE DATED 29.7.2023 ISSUED TO THE 10TH PETITIONER.
Exhibit P11 TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER NO. BO/(FB)
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 &
con. Cases 196 2026:KER:9220
(GNL) NO. 443/2012(DPCII/ASIANET
-2/2011) DATED 25.02.2012.
Exhibit P12 TRUE COPY OF THE G.O (MS) NO.
9/2021POWER DATED 26.02.2021.
Exhibit P13 TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER B.O (DB )
NO. 514/2021 (D ( D & IT ) / D5/ CABLE -
POLES/ 2021-22/0001 DATED 05.07.2021. Exhibit P14 TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER NO. B..O. (FTD) NO. 1666/2018 (D(D&IT)/D5/GENERAL/2017-18/0007 DATED 18.07.2018.
Exhibit P15 TRUE COPY OF G.O(MS) NO. 14/2021/POWER DATED 08.07.2021.
Exhibit P16 TRUE COPY OF B.O (FTD) NO.614/2021
(D(D&IT)/ D5/CABLE-POLES/2021-
22/0001)TVPM DATED 13.8.2021.
Exhibit P17 TRUE COPY OF GOVERNMENT ORDER DATED
02.03.2021.
Exhibit P18 TRUE COPY OF JUDGMENT DATED 14.06.2024
IN W.P ( C ) NO. 16889/2024 OF THE
HON'BLE HIGH COURT OF KERALA.
Exhibit 19 TRUE COPY OF THE INVOICE DATED
28.06.2024 WITH ITS TRUE TRANSLATION.
Exhibit P20 TRUE COPY OF LETTER NO. PWRC3/49/2023
-POWER DATED 25.03.025 ISSUED BY
ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO
GOVERNMENT.
Exhibit P21 TRUE COPY OF ORDER DATED 27.06.2025
PASSED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN W.P
( C ) NO. 19754/2024.
RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS
Exhibit -R12(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14.10.2016 OF
KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 197 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 43770 OF 2024 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS Exhibit - P1 TRUE COPY OF THE G.O. (MS) NO.
9/2021/POWER DATED 26.02.2021.
Exhibit - P2 TRUE COPY OF THE B.O. (DB) NO. 514/ 2021 (D(D&IT)/ D5/ CABLE - POLES/2021 -
22/0001) DATED, TVPM 05.07.2021.
Exhibit - P3 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 11.10.2021 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit - P3 (a) TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 28.12.2021 IN WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit - P4 TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGEMENT DATED 27.10.2022 IN W.P. (C) NO. 33592/2022 & W.P. (C) NO. 21685/2021 FILED BY THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit - P5 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 02.04.2024 IN W.P. (C) NO. 44166/2023.
Exhibit - P6 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. ED1 - 864/24
DATED 13.09.2024 ISSUED BY 1 ST
RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit - P7 TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY DATED 12.11.2024
FILED BY THE PETITIONER WITH THE 1 ST RESPONDENT, WITH ACKNOWLEDGMENT RECEIPT.
Exhibit - P8 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE NO. ED1 - 864/24
DATED 27.11.2024 ISSUED BY 1 ST
RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER.
Exhibit - P9 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 03.09.2020
PASSED BY THE KSERC.
Exhibit - P10 TRUE COPY RELEVANT PAGES OF THE AUDIT
REPORT PUBLISHED BY THE COMPTROLLER & AUDIT GENERAL OF INDIA AS REPORT OF 2007
- FINANCIAL & PERFORMANCE AUDIT OF LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS OF GOVERNMENT OF KERALA FOR 2007 - 2008.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 198 2026:KER:9220 RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS Exhibit -R1(a) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 14/10/16 OF KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY. REGULATORY COMMISSION Exhibit -R1(b) A COPY OF ORDER DATED 13/8/21 ISSUED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD LTD WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 199 2026:KER:9220 APPENDIX OF WP(C) NO. 45993 OF 2024 PETITIONERS' EXHIBITS Exhibit P-1 A TRUE COPY OF G.O[MS]NO.21/2012/ITD. Exhibit P-2 A TRUE COPY OF THE TRIPARTITE AGREEMENT DATED 26/10/2012, SIGNED BETWEEN 1ST RESPONDENT, BHARAT BROADBAND NETWORK LIMITED AND GOVERNMENT OF KERALA FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT.
Exhibit P-3 A TRUE COPY OF G.O[MS]NO.9/2021/POWER DATED 26/2/2021.
Exhibit P-4 A TRUE COPY OF THE INDIAN TELEGRAPH RIGHT OF WAY [AMENDMENT] RULES, 2022 PUBLISHED AS G.S.R.635[E] DATED 17/8/2022.
Exhibit P-5 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER D.O.NO.30- 352/2022-BNU-USF DATED 15/2/2023, ISSUED BY THE SECOND RESPONDENT TO THE THIRD RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P-6 A TRUE COPY OF THE RESOLUTION PASSED IN THE 224TH MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE BSNL HELD ON 10/8/2023. Exhibit P-7 A TRUE COPY OF THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING HELD BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT ON 6/7/2024A TRUE COPY OF THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING HELD BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT ON 6/7/2024.
Exhibit P9 A TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION NO.
HALO/2024-25/KSEB/4 DATED 28.11.2024 SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER BEFORE THE 18TH RESPONDENT.
Exhibit P10 A TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION NO.
HALO/2024-25/KSEB/5 DATED 3.2.2025. Exhibit P11 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.
ED/THALASSERY/AB1/CABLE TV/2024-25 DATED 13.2.2025 ISSUED BY THE 18TH RESPONDENT.
WP(C) NO. 40017 OF 2024 & con. Cases 200 2026:KER:9220 EXHIBIT P11 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER
NO.CS/RIA/2025-26 DATED 5/5/2025 ISSUED TO SREEKAND. C.P BY THE PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER ATTACHED TO THE OFFICE OF THE COMPANY SECRETARY OF KSEBL EXHIBIT P12 A TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER NO.PWR-
C3/I58/2025-POWER DATED 03/04/2025, ISSUED TO SREEKAND. C.P., BY STATE PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER OF THE POWER [C] DEPARTMENT Exhibit P13 A TRUE COPY OF THE G.O. (MS)NO.12/2025/ITD DATED 17.07.2025 ISSUED BY THE SPECIAL SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT, ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY [B]DEPARTMENT RESPONDENTS' ANNEXURES Annexure R6 A The TRUE COPY OF THE BOARD ORDER (FTD) NO. 614/2021 DATED 13.08.2021.
// TRUE COPY // P.A. TO JUDGE