National Green Tribunal
National Green Tribunal Southern Zone vs The Principal Secretary To Government ... on 23 May, 2022
Bench: K. Ramakrishnan, Satyagopal Korlapati
Item No.04: Court No - 1
BEFORE THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL
SOUTHERN ZONE, CHENNAI
Original Application No. 108 of 2020 (SZ)
(Through Video Conference)
IN THE MATTER OF:
Tribunal on its own motion
Suo Motu based on the News item in
Vikatan E-Magazine edition dated 09.07.2020
"Coonoor Misery: Increasing waste in River Water! -
Elephants looking for good water".
...Applicant(s)
Versus
1) The Principal Secretary to Government,
Public Works Department,
Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai - 600 009.
2) The Secretary to Govt. of Tamil Nadu,
Department of Environment,
Govt. Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 009.
3) The Principal Secretary to Govt. of Tamil Nadu,
Department of Health and Family Welfare,
Govt. Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 009.
4) Additional Chief Secretary to Govt. of Tamil Nadu,
Municipal Administration and Water Supply Development,
Govt. Secretariat,
Fort St. George,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 009.
5) The Chairman,
Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board,
No.76, Anna Salai, Guindy,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 032.
6) The District Collector,
Nilgiris District,
Collector Office, Niligirs District,
Near Charing Cross,
Ooty, Tamil Nadu - 643 001.
7) Coonoor Municipality,
Rep. by its Municipal Commissioner,
Municipal Office, Mount Road,
Coonoor - 643 101. ...Respondent(s)
Date of Judgment: 23.05.2022.
CORAM:
HON'BLE Mr. JUSTICE K. RAMAKRISHNAN, JUDICIAL MEMBER
HON'BLE Dr. SATYAGOPAL KORLAPATI, EXPERT MEMBER
For Applicant(s): By Court.
For Respondent(s): Dr. D. Shanmuganathan for R1 to R4, R6.
Ms. Gayathri represented
Mr. S. Sai Sathya Jith for R5.
Mr. N.K. Ponraj represented
Mr. P. Srinivas forR7
JUDGMENT
1. The above case has been taken Suo Motu registered by this Tribunal on the basis of the news item published in Vikatan E - Magazine edition dated:
09.07.2020 under the caption "Fd;D}u; mtyk;: Mw;W ePupy; mjpfupf;Fk;
fopTfs; - ey;yePiuj; NjLk; ahidfs;" (Coonoor Minsery: Increasing waste in river water! - Elephants looking for good water).
2. It was alleged in the newspaper report that there are small rivers starting from the Nilgiri forest area which ultimately join Bhavani River. The Godappamandu drain and Coonoor River in Udhagamandalam are completely polluted with sewage and other effluents. It has become an open dumping ground for dumping solid waste generated in Coonoor area and this has polluted the water in the water body which ultimately reaches the Bhavani River and thereby affects the Bhavani River as well.
3. Earlier, Coonoor River water was being used for drinking purposes but it has become a sewage drain now. Apart from sewage water, the septage from other area is also discharged into the said river and thereby the entire water of Coonoor River has got affected.
4. The animal in the forest area are not able to drink this river water due to large scale pollution. Though certain attempts have been made to protect the river that was not fruitful. The Elephants are going away from forest area to get good water which ultimately results in man-animal conflicts as well. Though, this was brought to the notice of the authorities, no action has been taken so far. That was the grievance of the public as reflected in the newspaper report.
5. As per order dated 16.07.2020, after admitting the matter this Tribunal had appointed a Joint Committee comprising of the (1) District Collector, Nilgiris District, (2) an Officer nominated by the Principal Chief Conservator of Forest and Head of Forest Force (PCCF & HoFF) not below the rank of Chief Conservator of Forest, (3) a Senior Officer /Scientist deputed by the Chairman, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, (4) the Commissioner, Coonoor Municipality, and (5) the Superintending Engineer of Public Works Department and Water Resource Organization having jurisdiction in that area to inspect the area in question and submit a factual and action taken report to this Tribunal, if any violation is found.
6. The committee was directed to
i) Consider the question of source of pollution and trace out the persons responsible for the same and remedial measures to be taken to protect the river against pollution and also submit a long term and short term measure action plan with shorter time lines to remedy the situation.
ii) If they are able to trace out the persons who are responsible for the same, then they are directed to assess environmental compensation and suggest steps to realize the same from the polluter by applying the „Polluters Pay‟ principle.
iii) The committee should also analyze the water quality of the river including the Total Coli Form and Fecal Coli Form apart from other criteria like BOD, COD and presence of metals etc. and submit a report regarding the water quality as well.
7. The Public Works Department and Water Resource Organization was designated as the nodal agency for co-ordination and providing necessary logistics for this purpose.
8. The matter was taken up on 25.09.2020 and on that day this Tribunal had considered the Interim report submitted by the Joint Committee and extracted in Para (5) of the order and then granted time to the Joint Committee to file the further report.
9. Thereafter, this Tribunal had considered the various reports submitted by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) dated 18.11.2020, e-filed on 01.12.2020 and directed the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) as well as the Coonoor Municipality/7th respondent to submit the further action taken - progress reports. On 03.02.2021, this Tribunal had considered the Joint Committee report signed by the members on 18.11.2020 and received on 01.02.2021 and extracted in Para (8) of the order which reads as follows:-
"A news Item was published on 9.7.2020 in the Vikatan E- Magazine under the caption „Coonoor Misery, increasing waste in river water - elephants looking for good water‟. In the report, it was averred that the dumping of the Solid Wastes, Chicken wastes and discharge of sewage and septage into the Coonoor river affects the quality of the water in river Coonoor and thereby the elephants are not drinking the water in the river and coming to Runnimedu railway station for drinking water and the same may lead in man-animal conflicts. The Honorable National Green Tribunal (SZ) took suo motu cognizance of the matter and in their interim order dt. 16.7.2020 constituted a joint committee headed by District Collector to inspect the area in question and ascertain the present status and if there is any violation or encroachment in the forest area, including pollution caused affecting the health of wild life, trace out those violators and take action against them in accordance with law including imposition of environmental compensation and submit a status and action taken report to the Tribunal within a period of two months i.e. ,on or before 25.9.2020 The Superintending Engineer of Public Works Department and Water Resources Organization has been nominated as the Nodal Officer, for coordination and providing necessary logistics for this purpose. In compliance with the orders of the Hon'ble National Green Tribunal, the Joint Committee undertook an inspection on16.9.2020collected samples wherever the joint committee considered appropriate and based to the observations made submitted an interim report.
The Hon‟ble National Green Tribunal during its hearing on 29.9.2020 too the interim report filed by the joint committee into record and issued the following directions:
The committee is directed to submit the report to this Tribunal on or before 19.11.2020 by e-filing along with necessary hard copies to be produced as per rules.
The Registry is directed to communicate this order to the members of the committee and also to the official respondents immediately by e-mail so as to enable them to comply with the direction and also to file their independent response regarding the allegation in the paper report before the next hearing date For submitting independent response of the respondents regarding the manner in which sewage is treated in the municipality and further action or improving the system and also consideration of report of the committee to be filed post on 19.11.2020. Joint Inspection and samples collected:
The Superintending Engineer of PWD/WRD as the nodal officer in consultation with the District Collector, The Nilgiris District and the other members of the committee undertook the Joint Inspection on 16.9.2020 and collected water samples at five locations As the values of bio chemical oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen Levels of two samples could not be analyzed, in view of the presence of free residual chlorine, the District Environmental Engineer, Udhagamandalam collected samples again on those to location on 1.10.20220 and sent the samples for analysis . This report is submitted based on the observations made by the joint committee during the inspection results of the samples and the inter action made with the members of the joint committee and the concerned departments. The details of officials participated in joint inspection is presented as Appendix - 1.
The committee inspected the water sources that are entering into Coonoor Town flowing within the Coonoor Municipal Limits leaving Coonoor Municipality ad observed the status of the sewage generation and disposal by Coonoor Municipality presence of solid wastes in the water bodies within the municipal limits etc. Industrial discharges:
There is no industrial discharge entering into the water courses which are inspected by the joint committee. However, it is ascertained from the District Environmental Engineer, Udhagamandalam a member of the joint committee that M/s. Cordite Factory, Aruvankadu which is located at about 5 km upstream of Coonoor and is engaged in the manufacturing of nitro glycerin based propellant is discharging effluent to the tune of 1000 KLD in the stream, flowing adjacent to the factory which is entering into the Coonoor Ton. The effluent discharged from the industry is mainly arising out of the neutralization of the acidic steams and as such contain mainly Total Dissolved Solids, Chlorides and Sulphates. The effluent from the industry is generally meeting the standards prescribed, except that the level of Total Dissolved Solids in exceeding at times. The level of Total Dissolved Solids in the samples collected between January 2019 and July 2020 are ranging between 312 mg/l to 3250 mg/l. The impact of the occasional exceedance in Total Dissolved Solids is not felt in the downstream due to the dilution occurring in the stream. The stream that is entering into Coonoor Town at the back side of crematorium showed that the level of Total Dissolved Solids as 270 mg/l only. The industry has formulated proposals for providing Zero Liquid Discharge System and submitted the propose to Ordinance factories Board, Ministry of Defense, Government of India for approval. Initiatives by Coonoor Municipality: Coonoor town‟s history dates back to more than a hundred and fifty years. The unfavourable terrains and torrential monsoons make it prone to frequent landslides and flooding in the Coonoor river. Two feeder stream flowing from adjacent town panchayat and cantonment areas confluence below the Brindavan bridge ad flow forward as the Coonoor river. Into which two tributaries from the Gymkhana grounds and Tiger Hills are drain. The river and its tributaries course forward for about 2 kms through the thickly populated areas of the town and leaves Coonoor municipal boundary at Law‟s falls. Hence it has always been a herculean task for Coonoor Municipality to maintain the free flow land quality of the Coonoor river as it flows forward.
However, the Municipality has initiated many measures for the protection of water bodies. Even though those measures were listed in the interim report already filed before the Hon‟ble Tribunal considering the significance of the information the sameis again submitted shortly. Preventing dumping of garbage into water bodies.
Coonoor Municipality initiated protection of Coonoor river at its most vulnerable stretch in April 2019 by erecting chain link fencing to a length of 116 meters through CSR activity from a private firm, following which an additional stretch of 398 meters was fenced through another CSR activity facilitated by District Collector, Nilgiris in September 2019.
Coonoor Municipality is engaged in prevention of dumping by creating awareness through public address system, distribution lof pamphlets and periodic cleaning of Coonoor river to ensure free flow. In addition, 10 animators are engaged in regular IEC activities in protecting the river and preserving the environment. Dumping of wastes has been reduced to a large extent. More over, the river is being closely monitored by the Municipal staff.
A proposal for Rs.1000 lakhs has been sent for strengthening the side walls of the river which would also prevent dumping of wastes. Improvement of water quality of river: On the occasion of World Environment Day on June 5th 2019. District Collector Nilgiris inaugurated a moth long desilting activity of Coonoor river through clean coonoor, a coonoor based NGO and about 8000 MT of silt removed from the river and this helped to a great extent in the municipality's efforts to protect and preserve the river.
Proposals under pipe line: As advised by District Collector Nilgiris, a proposal for providing pipeline for sewage water on either side of Krishnapuram stretch of Coonoor river and construction of a treatment plant to prevent pollution at Coonoor river at an estimated cost of Rs.500 lakhs was formulated and submitted to Government and the administrative sanction obtained on 26.2.2020. This work - Coonoor river to be commenced shortly has been included under Nadanthai Vaazhi Cauvery project through PWD to conserve, rejuvenate and augment the water resources in Cauvery basin and to effectively curb sewerage pollutant discharged from 2088 households.
Report on movement of elephants: The report of the Nilgiris forest Division on the movement of elephant was already submitted in the interim report itself. However, with relevance of subject matterthe same is again produced as follows:
On inspection, it s found to the fact the elephants migrate towards Coonoor uphill seasonally.
The regular migrated path is Mettupalayam - Burliar - KurumbadiValvewood Estate - Marappalam - Nandhagopal th Bridge - 13 bend - Nanjappachathiram - Kattery park - Runnimedu railways station.
From Runnimedu railway station the elephant returns towards Mettupalayam along the same path. The movement of elephants is noticed majority during the month of June, July and August and are naturally attracted by ripened jack fruits trees during the season around the areas. The passage of elephants in this area is temporary and observed the animals drink water from fresh water streams rising from the adjacent shoal forest and from burliar river which is far away from coonoor river The elephants are mostly confined to Burliar, Valve Wood Estate, Hill grove railway station and Marappalam area which is away from Coonoor river.
The map with GPS coordinate depicting the regular migrating path is furnished below for kind perusal of the Tribunal.
Elephant movement and water source area n Coonoor range Name of area GPS reading North East Bottom of Lambrock 11020‟54.86"N 76050‟45.38"E Burliar river 11020‟14.79"N 76050‟52.57"E Hillgrove Rly. Stn near 11020‟28.38"N 76050‟12.73"E Kurumbadi river 11020‟7.64"N 76049‟58.91"E Wallwood Estate 11020‟15.36"N 76049‟47.79"E Marappalam area 11020‟9.28"N 76049‟13.63"E Near 13th bend 11020‟4.24"N 76048‟45.57"E Nandagopal bridge 11019‟53.52"N 76048‟34.79"E Near Nanjappapura 11019‟58.41"N 76048‟30.32"E Chathiram village KMS 11019‟44.41"N 76048‟18.80"E Near Runnimedu Rly St. 11019‟42.32"N 76048‟11.16"E Applicable reference values for the water courses: The Central Pollution Control Board has developed five designated best uses for water bodies and different standards have been prescribed for each usage. Moreover, the Bureau of Indian Standards vide IS 2296:1992 published the Water Quality Standards for the five class of waters. The various designated best uses and their standards are submitted as Appendix - 2. In the instant case, the water bodies are neither falling under Class-A nor under Class -B and also not under Class - C but falls under Class -D. Hence the results of the samples collected are compared with Class-D and also with Class-C in view of the reason no standard is prescribed under Class -D. Quality of the water: The quality of the water samples collected is described in the following section based on the observations made during the sample collection and the results of the samples analyzed at the laboratories of Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board.
Appearance: During the collection of the samples, all the samples were found to be clear and colorless. There is no standard prescribed for colour in respects of class-D water However, it is found that all samples are found to be well within the colour units prescribed for Class - C waters. The maximum observed value is 80 Hazen units as against the standard of 300 Hazen units.
Neutrality: The pH values of the samples are ranging between 6.91 to 8.38 as against the range of 6.5 to 8.5 prescribed for class-D water The samples are meeting the norms prescribed for class-C waters also. Mineral parameters: No standard is prescribed for the Class-D waters, in respects of the parameters representing the mineral content viz. Total Dissolved Solids, Chlorides, Sulphates, Fluorides, Alkalinity, Hardness, Calcium and Magnesium. No standard prescribed for Class - C waters also in respect of Alkalinity, Hardness, Calcium and Magnesium. However, the values of Total Dissolved Solids, Chlorides, Sulphates and Fluorides are meeting the standards prescribed for Class - C waters. Biological Indicators: One of the important indicators of the biological health of the water is Dissolved Oxygen and a standard of 4 mg/l or more is prescribed for both Class-C and Class-D waters. The samples collected in all the five locations are having Dissolved Oxygen values ranging between 5.8 mg/l ti 6,5 mg/l. In the case of Chemical Oxygen Demand, the values are ranging between 8 mg/l to 2.38 mg/l. No standard is prescribed for both class-D and Class-C waters in respect of these two parameters In the case of Bio chemical Oxygen Demand, the values are ranging between 2 mg/l to 6 mg/l. The prescribed standard for Class-D water is 2 mg/l and in the case of Class-C waters, it is 3 mg/l. The level of 6 mg/l reported at Coonoor river downstream of Coonor bus stand is attributed to the mixing of untreated sewage from the municipal limits of Coonoor and also the discharge from the huts located adjacent to the points of sample collection. Even though no such disposal of sewage in the stream within Gymkhana this could be due to the decay of the grass in the Gymkhana which is brought in to the stream.
Metals: In the case of metals, like Iron, copper, chromium, zinc, cadmium and nickel, no standard is prescribed for Class-D waters. However, the parameters are within the limits prescribed for Class -C waters.
Bacteriological health. The values of Total Coli form are found to be ranging between 17 to 39 MPN/100 ml. No standard is prescribed for the Total Coliorms in respect of class-D waters. However, these values are found to far below the standard prescribed for Class-C waters viz 5000 MPN/100 ml. No standard s prescribed for fecal coliforms.
The consolidated report of analysis of the samples collected and analyzed is submitted as Appendix-3.
Inferences: Based on the observations made during the joint inspection, report furnished by the Forest Department and the results of the samples collected from the water bodies, the joint committee arrive at the following inferences:
It is noted that the quality of the water in Burlier river at the back yard of Runnimedu railway station is found to be suitable for wildlife propagation in respect of all parameters. The quality of the water that is found at the further downstream is likely to be more healthier because of the reason that there is no discharge of waste water of any sort and there is further dilution due to the mixing of spring water from estates are noticed. There is no evidence to suggest that that the elephants have come to Runnimedu railway station in search of good quality water as the water source which they used to drink is contaminated.
The joint committee is of the considered view that the passage of elephants in this area is temporary and seasonal. „The joint committee is of the considered view that there is no violation or encroachment of forest land.
The joint committee is also of the considered view that there is no pollution of the water bodies that would affect the wildlife. However, the discharge of the sewage directly or indirectly in to the water bodies from the households of Coonoor Municipality needs to be contained in order to further improve the quality of the water bodies.
Similarly, the dumping of solid waste into the water bodies should also be prevented.] Measures to be taken: In order to ensure that the sewage from the households shall not be discharged into the Conoor river and that the dumping of solid waste in to the river is completely prevented, the joint committee recommends the following measures:
The Coonoor municipality shall undertake a survey of the household which have not provided with septic tank and soak pit arrangements and discharging sewage into the river. This exercise shall be completed before 31.1.2021. Those households shall be made to provide septic tank and soak pit arrangements wherever space is available before 31.3.2021.
In the households where adequate space is not available for providing septic tank and soak pit arrangement suitable common public land be identified to provide common septic tank and soak pit arrangement or leach pits with a view to ensure that untreated sewage entering the river is completely prevented. This exercise shall be completed before 30.6.2021. Stringent penalties provisions in the bylaws be enacted for dumping of garbage in the water bodies. This shall be completed before 31.12.2020.
Suspending of trade licenses of the commercial establishments dumping garbage in to waterbodies shall also made as by lawand enforced.
Awareness programmes on preserving the water bodies shall be conducted periodically.
Signage boards at the places which are vulnerable to dumping of garbage into the water bodies be erected before 31.12.2020 by the Municipality.
Considering the much undulated and unfavorable terrain which is a challenge to Coonoor municipality, it is recommended that the government may institute an expert technical team to study and suggest means for the management of sewage with a view to ensure that untreated sewage is not let in to the water courses."
10. On that day this Tribunal also considered the further report submitted by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) signed by the officer on 01.02.2021 and received on 03.02.2021 and the further report submitted by the Commissioner, Coonoor Municipality/7th respondent signed on 01.02.2021 and e-filed on 02.02.2021 and thereafter directed the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board as well as Coonoor Municipality/7th respondent to file further reports. Thereafter, subsequent days this Tribunal had considered the report submitted by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board dated 07.07.2021 and e-filed on the same date, the report submitted by the Coonoor Municipality/7th respondent signed on 03.03.2021 and e-filed on 07.07.2021, further report submitted by the Coonoor Municipality/7th respondent signed on 02.09.2021, e-filed on the same date is also directed to file the further report.
11. This Tribunal also considered the further Joint Committee dated Nil, e-filed on 14.09.2021 and extracted in Para (3) of the order which reads as follows:-
12. The matter was taken up on 08.02.2022 and on that day, this Tribunal had considered the further report submitted by the Coonoor Municipality/7th respondent dated 06.01.2022 and e-filed on 11.01.2022 and extracted in Para (3) of the order which reads as follows:-
13. On that day, this Tribunal had considered the report submitted by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board signed by the officer on 07.02.2022, e-
filed on 08.02.2022 and directed the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board as well as the 7th respondent/Coonoor Municipality to file their present status regarding the completion of bio-mining and adjourned the case to subsequent dates, either by notification or at the request of the parties.
14. When the matter came up for hearing today, we have received a report submitted by the District Environmental Engineer, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board signed by the officer on 11.05.2022 and e-filed on the same date which reads as follows:-
15. It is seen from the report that the legacy waste found has been completely bio-mined by the Coonoor Municipality. Further, they are now following the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016. It is the responsibility of the local bodies to implement the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 as well as the Liquid Waste Management in a scientific manner to avoid the same being dumped in the water body or discharged into the water body respectively. They are also having the responsibility of protecting the water bodies against pollution and encroachment. They are expected to follow the directions issued in respect of waste management by the Principal Bench of national Green Tribunal in O. No. 606 of 2018 in its letter and spirit.
16. The regulators namely, the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, and the Water Resources Department are also expected to regulate the mechanism provided by the local body and avoid any pollution being caused to the water body on account of the activities of the local bodies. They are also expected to take appropriate action, if there is any violation found in implementation. It is not possible for the Tribunal to monitor perpetually discharge of the duties vested on the regulators and they have got the onerous responsibility of protecting environment as contemplated under Article 48(A) of the Constitution of India. The State Government is also expected to provide necessary assistance both financial and technical whenever it was required from the side of the local bodies for implementing the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 in an effective manner within their jurisdiction.
17. So, under such circumstances, the application can be disposed of by giving the following directions:-
i) The 7th respondent/Coonoor Municipality is directed to strictly implement the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 and Liquid Waste Management within their jurisdiction in its letter and spirit and take all effective steps to prevent discharge of untreated sewage into the water bodies and dumping of waste in the water bodies,
ii) The Coonoor Municipality is also directed to take appropriate steps to implement the collection, segregation and disposal of waste generated within their jurisdiction as provided in the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 in its letter and spirit.
iii) The Coonoor Municipality is also directed to strictly implement the directions issued by the Principal Bench of National Green Tribunal, in O.A. No. 606 of 2018 in this regard.
iv) The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board is directed to monitor the implementation of the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 within Coonoor Municipality and also the implementation of the directions issued by the Principal Bench of National Green Tribunal in O.A. No. 606 of 2018 and if there is any violation found, then they are directed to take appropriate action against the Coonoor Municipality in accordance with law including imposition of environmental compensation as directed by the Principal Bench of National Green Tribunal, New Delhi in O.A. No. 606 of 2018 and recover the amount from the violator applying the „Polluter Pays Principle‟.
v) The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board is also directed to ascertain as to whether the bio-mining conducted by the 7th respondent/Coonoor Municipality is proper and if there is anything further to be done by them, then they are directed to give necessary direction in this regard and if any such direction is given, then the 7th respondent/Coonoor Municipality is directed to carry out the same to the satisfaction of the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board.
vi) The District Collector, Udhagamandalam District is directed to monitor the implementation of Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 and Liquid Waste Management within Coonoor Municipality and if there is any gap found, the district administration is directed to provide all assistance as expected to be provided by them as per Rule‟ 12 of the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.
vii) The Registry is directed to communicate this order to the Chairman, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, the District Collector - Udhagamandalam District, Municipal Commissioner - Coonoor Municipality, Director - Municipal Administration, Additional Chief Secretary for Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Additional Chief Secretary - Municipal Administration and Water Supply and also the Chief Secretary to Government, State of Tamil Nadu for their information and also for compliance of the direction.
18. With the above observations and directions, the Original Application is disposed of.
Sd/-
....................................J.M. (Justice K. Ramakrishnan) Sd/-
.................................E.M. (Dr. Satyagopal Korlapati) O.A. No.108/2020, 23.05.2022, Sr.