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[Cites 7, Cited by 0]

National Green Tribunal

E Rajendran vs The Ministry Of Environment Forest And ... on 28 May, 2021

Bench: K Ramakrishnan, K. Satyagopal

  Item No.8:
               BEFORE THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL
                    SOUTHERN ZONE, CHENNAI

                Original Application No.26 of 2019 (SZ)
                                   &
                          I.A. No. 78 of 2021
                         (Through Video Conference)

  IN THE MATTER OF

 1. E. Rajendran, (Deceased),

 2. E. Ashok Raj Kumar,
    S/o Easwara Gowder,
    Door No. 5/92, Thekkampatti Post,
    Seeliyur (Via),
    Mettupalayam Taluk,
    Coimbatore District- 641 113.

 3. Nithyadevi, aged about 32 years old
    W/o E. Rajendran (Late)

 4. Master Avinash (Minor), aged about years old
    S/o E. Rajendran (Late)
    Rep by his Mother and Natural Guardian,
    Nithyadevi
    (Both the applicant nos. 3 and 4 are residing at)
    Door No. 5/92, Thekkampatti Post,
    Seeliyur (via),
    Mettupalyam Taluk,
    Coimbatore District- 641 113

   (Applicant nos 3 and 4 who are legal heirs
   Of the 1st applicant / E. Rajendran (Deceased)
   Are impleaded as additional applicants No. 3 and 4
   As per the Order passed by the Hon'ble Tribunal
   In I.A. No. 63 of 2020 in O.A. No. 26 of 2019
   Dated 12.10.2020
                                                    ....Applicant(s)
                                   Versus

1. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change,
   Government of India
   Rep. by its Secretary
   Indira Paryavaran Bhavan,
   Jorbagh Road,
   New Delhi- 110 003

2. The Directorate of Industrial Safety and Health,
   Chennai (DISH)
   Formerly known as "O/o Chief Inspector of Factories)

                                     [1]
     Under Tamil Nadu Labour & Employment Ministry,
    Rep by its Director of Industrial Safety and Health
    No. 47/1, near Metro Water Rountana,
    Thiru Vi ka Industrial Estate,
    Guindy,
    Tamil Nadu- 600 032

  3. The Additional Director,
     DISH, Coimbatore Region,
     No. 525, Thalai Vasal Complex,
     Cross Cut Road,
     Coimbatore- 641 012

  4. The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board,
     Rep. by its Chairman
     No. 76, Mount Salai Guindy,
     Chennai- 600 032

  5. The District Environmental Engineer
     Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board
     Coimbatore North,
     DEE Office
     No. 5, Ramasamy Nagar,
     Near Fire Service Station,
     Kavundampalayam,
     Coimbatore- 641 030

  6. The Joint Chief Environmental Engineer,
     Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board,
     JCEE Monitoring Office,
     Plot No. E-55A, SIDCO Industrial Estate,
     Pollachi Main Road, Kurchi
     Coimbatore- 641 021

  7. The District Collector,
     District Collector Office,
     State Bank Road,
     Coimbatore- 641 018

  8. The Sub-Collector
     Coimbatore (North) Revenue Division,
     Comibatore (North) Revenue Divisional Office,
     Thudiyalur,
     Coimbatore- 641 034

  9. The Chairman & Managing Director,
     ITC Limited,
     Virginina House,
     No. 37, Jawaharlal Nehru Road,
     Kolkata- 700 071

10. The Chief Operating officer,

                                      [2]
     ITC Limited
    Paper Boards & Specialty Paper Division Unit, (PSPD),
    No. 106, Sardar Patel Road,
    Secundrabad- 500 003,
    Telangana State.

11. The Chief Executive officer,
    ITC Limited
    Paper Boards & Specialty Paper Division Unit, (PSPD),
    No. 106, Sardar Patel Road,
    Secundrabad- 500 003,
    Telangana State.

12. The unit head,
    ITC Limited,
    Paper Boards & Specialty Paper Division Unit, (PSPD),
    Vivekanandapuram Post,
    Thekkampatti Village,
    Mettupalayam Taluk,
    Coimbatore District- 641 113
                                                    ... Respondent(s)

    For Applicant(s):     Mr. Deivasigamani.

    For Respondent(s):   Mr. C. Kasirajan through Ms. Ashwini for
                          R 4 to R6.
                         Dr. V.R. Thirunarayanan for R7 and R8
                         Mr. Manishankar, Sr. Advocate along with
                         Mr. Rahul M. Shankar for R 9 to 12.


    Date of Judgement: 28th May, 2021.

    CORAM:

         HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE K. RAMAKRISHNAN, JUDICIAL MEMBER

         HON'BLE DR. K. SATYAGOPAL, EXPERT MEMBER



                               JUDGMENT

1. The grievance in this application is that 12th respondent-ITC Limited is involved in manufacturer of Paper Boards and Speciality Papers Division Unit (PSPD)at Thekkampatti Village, Coimbatore District of which respondents 9 to 11 are the persons incharge of the management of the same. The unit is not functioning as per the terms and conditions of the [3] environment clearance as well as the consent granted by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board. Further the allegations in the application was that the industry is situated at a distance of 4.8 kms from Bhavani River and they are discharging untreated effluents in the agricultural lands, including lands of the applicants which causes soil as well as water contamination. It is also mentioned in the application that the solid waste generated were dumped in the open ground and other waste materials were also dumped in the property belonging to them in an unscientific manner which causes air pollution. It was also contended that the emission of smoke from the industries also causes air pollution. Though complaints were made to several authorities, no action has been taken by them. On one of the occasions, it is alleged by the applicant that Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board had issued a reply stating that the unit is having necessary consent and other licences to operate and dumping of waste is being done in the land fill site approved by the Board and as per the guidelines of the Central Pollution Control Board. It is also mentioned in the application that the fly ash generated during the course of manufacturing process and other products is not disposed of scientifically and also accumulation of the same causes air pollution and dust coming from the industry is deposited in the houses in the surround villages, causing health hazard. The applicant filed the above application seeking following reliefs:

a. Under the above said circumstances it is just and necessary that this Hon'ble Tribunal may be pleased to direct the respondent nos. 1 to 8 to pass an orders to shut down the 12th repsondent's factory in order to ensure that the air, water and soil are prevented from pollution caused by the 12th respondent's factory and also that the livelihood and life of the people of that area including the applicants [4] are safeguarded from the pollution caused by the 12th respondent's factory and thus render justice. b. Under the above said circumstances, it is just and necessary that this Hon'ble Tribunal may be pleased to direct the 12th respondent to pay Appropriate Compensation to the Applicants and other victims of Pollution of that area and also order for restitution of the property damaged and the restitution of environment for such area and thus render justice.
c. And pass such further or other orders as this Hon'ble Court may deems fit and proper in the circumstances of the case and thus render justice.
2. This Tribunal, since, wanted to ascertain the genuineness of the allegations made, without admitting the matter, had appointed a Joint Committee, consisting of a Senior Scientist from Central Pollution Control Board and Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board to inspect the unit in question and consider whether the land fill has been properly maintained and they are complying all the norms and assess soil, water and air quality in that area and if they are not complying with the norms and if there is any contamination caused to air, water and soil, they were directed to take appropriate action in accordance with law and submit a factual and action taken report.
3. On 27.01.2020, this Tribunal had considered the interim report signed on 13.01.2020 by one of the members on the basis of the inspection conducted from 06.01.2020 to 08.01.2020 and the observations made by the them in the interim report was extracted in the order dated 27.01.2020 in para-2 which read as follows:
2.The Committee has submitted an interim report stating that inspection was carried out from 06.01.2020 to 08.01.2020 and made the following field observation:-
(i) The unit's manufacturing activities were under operation.
(ii) The ETP was also under operation and the treated trade effluent was being discharged on land for irrigation purposes.
(iii) There is no discharge of either untreated or treated trade effluent outside the unit premises and confirmed with the applicant Thiru. Ashok Raj Kumar. But he informed that [5] during rainy season the rain water will flows from the unit premises.
(iv) On inspection of the irrigation fields owned by the unit, it was observed that lot of sludge deposits were found all along the irrigation channels, which is evidence that the trade effluent was (by passed) discharged without adequate treatment to remove the suspended solids.
(v) Biological sludge generated in ETP is used as manure after vermin composting. The yard provided for composing is not adequate. During inspection, it is found that the composting being carried out in the open land.
(vi) The unit has provided sheds for the storage facility of boiler fuel, which is found inadequate. Lignite is still stored in the open space near standby boiler area which may carryover with rain water during rainy season and deposit in nearby agricultural land including applicant's land.
(vii) Previously, the unit had secured land fill facility for storage of plastic wastes which was used to store plastic wastes. At present the unit has closed the secured landfill facility after disposal of dumped plastic waste to cement industries for co-processing. At present the unit has provided concrete platform near the process area for storage of plastic waste ad sent to cement mill for co-

processing. Closed landfill site is digged to verify plastic waste is completed removed or not and no plastic is found.

(viii) Applicant showed the old plastic waste dump area as bunds, which was found with full vegetation and no access to verify. Further the committee asked the industry representatives to dugout bund by JCB. As informed by the complainant, the plastic waste is found dumped after digging the bund.

(ix) The process waste sludge (binding chemicals) was found dumped in the area, which cleaning activities is being carried out for installation of solar power system.

(x) Cogeneration plant with Boiler 60 T/Hr was under repair work during inspection on 06.01.2020 and the unit was in operation by operating the stand by Boiler 44 TPH. Boiler 60 TPH was put in operation evening 3.00 PM on 06.01.2020. The APC measures such as ESP with stack was under operation and the Boiler 44 TPH was stopped immediately.

(xi) OCEMS is not installed to the 44 TPH boiler stack.

(xii) Fugitive emission from storage yard of boiler fuel and bottom ash was observed during inspection. Lot of fine deposits were noticed near the storage yard which may carryover with rain water during rainy season and deposit in nearby agricultural land including applicant's land.

(xiii) The complainant informed that the seepage water from the industry was found during rainy seasons which is due to the industry geographical location explained in point 2.2. So, the industry shall provide concreted rain water harvesting pond around the premises to avoid seepage or can adopt any appropriate methods to avoid seepage water flowing to agriculture land."

4. Time was granted to the Committee to submit the final report and posted the case to 19.03.2020 for that purpose. On [6] 19.03.2020, this Tribunal had Considered the Joint Committee report signed by one of the members on 13.03.2020 and received on 19.03.2020 which was extracted in para 4 of the order dated 19.03.23020 which reads as follows:

4.Today, the Joint Committee has filed a report which reads as follows:
"1.0 Background The Hon'ble National Green Tribunal, Southern Zone, Chennai in the matter of original application No. 26 of 2019 filed by Thiru. E.Rajendran and Thiru. E. Ashok Raj Kumar against the unit of M/s. ITC Limited, directed on 13.12.2019 as;
"...we feel that it appropriate to constitute a Joint Committee, consisting of a Senior Scientist from Central Pollution Control Board and Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board to inspect the unit in question and consider whether the "land fill" has been properly maintained and they are complying all the norms and assess soil, water and air quality in that area and if there is any violation, they are directed to take appropriate action in accordance with law and submit a factual and action taken report within a period of one month to this Tribunal..."

Accordingly, the Joint Committee inspection was carried out during January 06 to 08, 2020 and an interim report with following observations was submitted to Hon'ble NGT (SZ), Chennai.

i. The unit's manufacturing activities were under operation. ii. The ETP was also under operation and the treated trade effluent was being discharged on land for irrigation purposes.

iii. There is no discharge of either untreated or treated effluent outside the unit premises and confirmed with the applicant Thiru. Ashok Raj Kumar. But he informed that during rainy season the rain water will flows from the unit premises. 4 iv. On inspection of the irrigation fields owned by the unit, it was observed that lot sludge deposits were found all along the irrigation channels, which is evident that the trade effluent was (bypassed) discharge without adequate treatment to remove the suspended solids.

v. Biological sludge generated in ETP is used as manure after vermi composting. The yard provided for composting is not adequate. During inspection, it is found that the composting being carried out in the open land.

vi. The unit has provided sheds for the storage facility of boiler fuel, which is found inadequate. Lignite is still stored in the open space near standby boiler area which may carryover with rain water during rainy season and deposit in nearby agricultural land including applicant's land. vii. Previously, the unit had secured land fill facility for storage of plastic wastes which was used to store plastic wastes. At present the unit has closed the secured landfill facility after disposal of dumped plastic waste to cement industries for coprocessing. At present the unit has provided concrete platform near the process area for storage of plastic waste and sent to cement mill for co-processing. Closed landfill site is digged to verify the plastic waste is completed removed or not and no plastic is found.

[7] viii. Applicant showed the old plastic waste dump area as bunds, which was found with full vegetation and no access to verify. Further, the committee asked the industry representatives to 5 dugout bund by JCB. As informed by the complainant, the plastic waste is found dumped after digging the bund.

ix. The process waste sludge (binding chemicals) was found dumped in the area, where cleaning activities is being carried out for installation of solar power system. x. Cogeneration plant with Boiler 60 T/Hr was under repair work during inspection on 06.01.2020 and the unit was in operation by operating the stand by Boiler 44 TPH. Boiler 60 TPH was put in operation evening 3:00 P.M. on 06.01.2020. The APC measures such as ESP with Stack was under

operation and the Boiler 44 TPH was stopped immediately. xi. OCEMS is not installed to the 44 TPH boiler stack. xii. Fugitive emission from storage yard of boiler fuel and bottom ash was observed during inspection. Lot of fine deposits were noticed near the storage yard which may carryover with rain water during rainy season and deposit in nearby agricultural land including applicant's land. xiii. The complainant informed that the seepage water from the industry was found during any season, which is due to the industry geographical location explained in point 2.2. So the industry shall provide concrete rain water harvesting pond around the premises to avoid seepage or can adopt any appropriate methods to avoid seepage water flowing to agricultural land. 6 Subsequently, TNPCB has issued show cause notice under the Water (P&P) Act, 1974 and the Air (P&P) Act, 1981 to the industry on 10.01.2020. Upon the request of committee, the Hon'ble National Green Tribunal (Southern Zone), Chennai considered the progress of the work done by the committee and granted time for filing the final report. 2.0 Detailed Analysis of Environmental Pollution:
The Joint Committee collected samples of water, soil, air (source & ambient) at various locations and results are submitted below:
Effluent Treatment Plan samples:
                                                                Treated
                                                 Combined       effluent
                                                  Treated     pumping
                                                  Effluent        tank
S.       Parameters          Unit       ETP         (ETP       (sued for
                                        Inlet    Outlet and   irrigation
No.                                               treated        on its
                                                  sewage)         own
                                                                  land)

1     pH@250C                          7.84         8.56            8.51
2     Conductivity          µs/cm      4160         2320            2330
3     Total
      Suspended              mg/l      2688          16              22

      Solids
4     Total Dissolved
                             mg/l      3830         4152            1308
      Solids

5     BOD for 3 days
      @                      mg/l       580          10             8

      270C

                              [8]
              6                COD                               mg/l                 3760                     96                             72
             7                Ammonical                         mg/l                 <2.0                     <2.0                        <2.0
                         Nitrogen

            8            Total Kjeldhal                mg/l                     5.6                 <5.0                           <5.0

                         Nitrogen

            9            Sulphide                      mg/l                          <1.0           <1.0                           <1.0

            10           Phenolic                      mg/l                          0.01           <0.001                         <0.001

                         Compounds

            11           % Sodium                           %                   49                  40                             35

            12           Iron Total                    mg/l                          1.99           0.26                           0.33

            13           Total Chromium                mg/l                     0.2                 <0.01                          <0.01

            14           Copper                        mg/l                         0.815           0.0312                         0.0812

            15           Zinc                          mg/l                        0.2956 0.1668                                   0.1347

            16           Lead                          mg/l                        0.0319 <0.015                                   <0.015

            17           Cadmium                       mg/l                        <0.000 <0.0008                                  <0.0008
                                                                                      8

            18           Nickle                        mg/l                        1.0728 0.0892                                   0.314

            19           Manganese (as                 mg/l                         <0.01           <0.01                          <0.01

                         Mn)

            20           Mercury (as Hg)               mg/l                          0.27           <0.001                         <0.001

            21           AOX                           mg/l                          0.33           0.18                           ND

The treated effluent parameters are within the limits prescribed by the TNPC Board. The analysis result of AOX confirmed that no bleaching activity is carried out by the industry.
i. Ground and Surface Water Samples:
Duraisamy Thottam Open well at Mr. Bore Well at Mr. Kumar Thottam Kumachiparai Odai near Mr. irrigation land Bore well at Parameters Duraisamy industry' s Open Well at Ashok Raj Mr. Pettaiyan Thottam S.NO.
Unit Thottam 1 pH @ 250C 8.66 8.63 9.14 8.57 8.57 2 Conductivity µs/cm 1414 1260 817 1592 1905 3 Total mg/l 4 4 6 6 4 Suspended Solids [9] 4 Total mg/l 1086 926 412 952 1240 Dissolved Solids 5 BOD for mg/l <2 <2 2 2 <2 3 days @ 270C 6 COD mg/l 8 8 8 8 8 7 Ammonical mg/l <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 Nitrogen 8 Total Kjeldhal mg/l <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 Nitrogen 9 Sulphide mg/l <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 10 Phenolic mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Compounds 11 % Sodium % 19 23 39 35 44 12 Iron Total mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 13 Total mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Chromium 14 Copper mg/l 0.0465 0.0888 0.0612 0.0314 0.0319 15 Zinc mg/l 0.0456 0.0564 0.0643 0.142 0.1586 16 Lead mg/l <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 17 Cadmium mg/l <0.0008 <0.0008 <0.0008 <0.0008 <0.0008 18 Nickle mg/l 0.0512 0.0632 0.0932 0.0814 0.0592 The ground and surface water parameters are within the permissible limits for irrigation and livestock. At present no contamination of ground/surface water observed due to industrial activity. In all the ground/surface water samples, Nickle is found slightly higher than the drinking water standard 0.02 mg/l, which may be due to natural resources.
                 ii.           Soil Samples:
                                                                                  Kumachiparai
                 Parameters




                                                yard of ETP

                                                                    Old storage
                                                Old storage




                                                                                   Industry' s
                                                                                    near Odai
                                                 Mr. Ashok




                                                                                    with fresh

                                                                                    (Reference
                                                                     Sediment




                                                                                     land with
                                                                                     irrigation
                                                  Thottam




                                                                                      effluent
                                                                                      treated
                                                                      yard of
                                                                      bottom
                                                  sludge
                                                  Kumar




                                                                                       water
S.No.




                                                                                        Odai

                                                                                    sample
                                                                                        from
                                                                       ash
                                      Unit




                                                                                         Soil
                                                    Raj




                                                                                   Soil




1           pH                                  7.82     6.87       6.76    7.91     8.07     7.85    8.08
2           EC                      ds m-1 0.36          0.39       0.36    0.92     0.47     0.57    0.45


                                                            [10]
 3    Organic             %         0.97   0.86          0.45   0.79         0.35    0.79         0.77
     Carbon

4    Available           kg/ha 56         89.6          78.4   123.2 145.6          212.8        190.4
     Nitrogen

5    Available           kg/ha 10         11            10     10           11      12           12
     Phosphorous

6    Available           kg/ha 112        64            94     221          174     218          192
     Potassium

7    Available           mg/kg 20.76 28.92 8.42                3.51         11.74   5.5          9
     Iron

8    Available           mg/kg 38.84 20.58 15.2                27.56 39.74          25.74        34.36
     Manganese

9    Available           mg/kg 9.81       4.43          6.17   12.06 10.88          9.62         10.34
     Zinc

10   Available           mg/kg 14.34 9.45               8.48   4.48         12.95   11.92        3.73
     Copper

11   Total               mg/kg BDL        BDL           BDL    BDL          BDL     BDL          BDL
     Cadmium

12   Total               mg/kg 19.6       20            12.4   36           11.9    18.3         BDL
     Chromium

13   Total Lead          mg/kg 3.1        BDL           1.11   BDL          2.3     BDL          BDL
14   Total Nickel        mg/kg 2.8        BDL       BDL        9.1      16.9        4.9          BDL

15   Total               mg/kg 0.1        0.01      0.01       0.01     0.008 0.03               0.01

     Mercury

16   Sodium              mg/kg 5.22       11.53     5.75       10.28 9.9            17.18        11.91
     Adsorption

     Ratio


The industry is carrying out cultivation with treated effluent and fresh water. The soil samples were collected by the committee in both the locations as well as in the complainant's cultivation land and odai. The soil sample collected in the field using fresh water is taken as a reference soil sample to compare with the quality of soil samples are traces of heavy metals presence as compared with the reference sample. The traces of heavy metals may be due to the past discharge of partial/untreated effluent. However, the presence of heavy metals in the soil is lesser as compared with the compost standards for agricultural purpose, which indicates that there is no damage in the soil.
[11]

iii. Source Emission Samples:

The source emission monitoring for the parameters PM, SO2 and NO2 was carried out in the stack attached to 60 TPH boiler installed at co-gen power plant. The analysis result reveals that SO2 and NO2 are exceeding the prescribed standard.

Parameters           Without 6% O2 Correction               Without 6% O2 Correction
Location             PM              SO2 *       NO2 *      PM          SO2        NO2
60        TPH 22.0                   922         191        47.5        1982.3     410.65
boiler     (Co- mg/Nm3               mg/m3       mg/m3      mg/Nm3      mg/m3      mg/m3
gen      power
plant)
Standards        -               -           -             150         600         300

                                                           mg/Nm3      mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3




           i.Ambient Air Quality:
The Ambient Air Quality survey was carried in three locations downward and upward wind direction for 24 hours. The report shows PM10, SO2 and NO2 are within the notified ambient air quality standards.
      Parameters
                                PM 10 µg/m3              SO2 µg/m3      NO2 µg/m3
      Locations
      Applicant's
      agriculture land                37.0                 <4.0            14.0
      (Upward Wind)
      R&D Building in
      TC (Downward                    37.0                  4.0            16.0
      wind)
      Near                ETP
      (Downward                       49.0                  6.0            16.0
      wind)
      AAQ Standards                   100                   80                80

3.0 Status of Online Continuous Emission/Effluent Monitoring System (OCEMS) The unit has installed Online Continuous Emission Monitoring System in the 60 TPH boiler for the parameters PM, SO2, NO2 and only the parameter PM is connected to TNPCB sever. This system installed is not in appropriate location which is nearer to the disturbance point.
[12]

The unit has informed that the Online Continuous Emission Monitoring System is not installed in the standby 44 12 TPH boiler and this boiler is being operated only whenever required.

As per the CPCB's OCEMS guidelines, the entire industrial boiler mandate to install Online Continuous Emission Monitoring System for the parameters PM, SO2 and NO2. The deadline given by the CPCB for installation of OCEMS and connectivity to server was till February 2017. The unit has installed Online Continuous Emission Monitoring System for the parameters pH, TSS, COD, BOD, Temperature and outlet flow and connected to CPCB and TNPCB server.

4.0 Environmental Compensation Calculation The following major violations are considered for the calculation of Environmental Compensation:

i. Non installation of OCEMS in 44 TPH boiler. ii. Dumping of plastic wastes inside the unit premises. iii. Exceedance of source emission parameters. iv. Traces of heavy metals present in soil due to past discharge of partially/untreated effluent. The Joint Committee adopted by CPCB methodology for assessing Environmental Compensation for the unit of M/s. ITC Limited, Paper Boards and Specialty Boards Division, Unit: Kovai Red-Large Category Pulp & Paper (Waste paper based without bleaching process to manufacture Kraft Paper) unit.

Environmental Compensation formula = PI x N x R x S x LF. PI - Pollution index for Pulp & Paper unit - 80 (Red Category) As per the B.P. No.06 dated 02.08.2016 vide 13 serial No.1018 - Pulp & Paper (Waste paper based without bleaching process to manufacture Kraft paper) comes under Red category and the unit GFA is 47478.68 Lakhs comes under large classification (Red-Large).

N - Number of days for which violation took place - 1106 days. (01.03.2017 to 11.03.2020) Period taken after the deadline (28.02.2017) for installation of Online Continuous Emission Monitoring System to the boiler stack issued by the CPCB.

R - Factor in Rupees - Rs.250/-.

S - Scale of operation - 1.5 for large scale unit. LF - Thekkampatty Village Panchayat Population is 12,414 as per the 2011 census which is less than one million, Hence location factor - 1. Hence, EC = 80x1106x250x1.5x1 =Rs.331.80 Lakhs.

Interim Environmental Compensation calculated for 1106 days is Rs.331.80 Lakhs.

Environmental Compensation of Rs.30,000/- per day w.e.f. 12.03.2020 shall be imposed until compliance. 5.0 Summary and Recommendations: (including interim report observations)

(i) The analysis results of the samples collected by the committee shows no significant impact in the soil and ground water/surface water.

(ii) The traces of heavy metals present in the soil samples are less as compared with compost manure quality. However, this indicates the past discharge of partially/untreated 14 effluent. The industry should ensure no discharge of partially/untreated effluent. [13]

(iii)The unit has installed flow meter at outset of ETP only. Flow meter shall be provided at inlet of ETP in order to quantify total effluent generation and treated. These flow meters shall be connected to the online services of CPCB and TNPCB. (iv)OCEMS installed in 60 TPH boiler for the parameters PM, SO2 and NO2. SO2 and NO2 analyzer shall be provided with calibration facility and same be connected to CPCB and TNPCB server. OCEMS shall be placed in appropriate location as per emission regulation part- III.

(v) OCEMS shall be installed in 44 TPH boiler for the parameters PM, SO2 and NO2 with gaseous calibration and storage facilities shall be provided for vermi composting of biological sludge.

(vi)Proper processing and storage facilities shall be provided for vermi composting of biological sludge.

(vii) Adequate storage facilities shall be provided for the boiler fuel (lignite & biomass) and avoid open storage. The facility shall be provided proper drainage system.

(viii) Adequate control measures shall be provided and maintain regularly to avoid fugitive emission from storage yard of boiler fuel and bottom ash.

(ix)Open dumping of plastic waste and process waste sludge (binding chemicals) found during committee visit shall be removed and disposed properly. The industry shall ensure no open dumping of wastes.

(x) The complainant informed that the seepage water from the industry was found during rainy season, which is due to the industry geographical location. So, the industry shall provide garland drain system around the premises and connect to concreted rain water harvesting pond to avoid 15 seepage or can adopt any appropriate methods to avoid seepage water flowing to agriculture land.

(xi)The interim environmental compensation calculated till 11.03.2020 is Rs.331.80 Lakhs and thereon each day Rs.30,000/- shall be levied until compliance."

5. Since this Tribunal felt on going to the final report that there arises some substantial question of environment, the matter was admitted and notice was issued to respondents 9 to 12 and posted the case to 12.05.2020 for appearance of the parties and also for filing independent response.

6. The 1st respondent-MoEF&CC has filed a reply stating that on the basis of allegations made in the application, there is nothing to be done by the 1st respondent-Ministry and it is for the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Board to implement the waste management rules and also implement the environment protection rules in its letter and spirit and to take action, if there is any violation is found. [14]

7. The Pollution Control Board also filed an independent affidavit regarding the nature of action taken by them and imposition of an interim compensation of Rs. 331.80 lakhs calculated till 11.03.2021 and thereafter, directed to remit at the rate of Rs. 30,000/- per day with effect from 12.03.2021 till the compliance of the directions issued by the Board and they have produced the show-cause notice issued with the directions.

8. The respondents 9 to 12 entered appearance and filed detailed counter contending that the applicants have not come with the clean hands and some of them are employed either on contract basis or on some other basis connected with the activities of the 12th respondent unit and the brother of one of the applicant is a Manager of one of the unit and since there was some personal vendetta for not complying with the demands made by the applicants that the present application has been filed as coercive method to force the 12th respondent unit to comply with their illegal demands. They have also contended that they have obtained all the necessary clearances and permissions and consent as required under the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and also under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981 and they have provided all mechanism to protect environment. They are not discharging any treated effluent into the River Bhavani. The waste water generated is treated and is being re-used in their units itself and the excess water is being used for irrigation in the land purchased by them for such purpose. They have also detailed the mechanisms that have been provided by them to [15] meet the possible pollution that is likely to arise on account of operation of the unit. They have also produced the documents to show that the ambient air quality and other pollution norms are in order. They also mentioned that there is no possibility of discharging any water into River Bhavani as it is situated 5kms away from that unit. They have taken all steps to discharge plastic waste generated and also the fly ash that is generated on account of use of fuel that is being used in that unit. Pollution Control Board is regularly monitoring the unit as well. They also mentioned that they have complied with the directions of the Central Pollution Control Board regarding the connectivity by providing Continuous Online Monitoring System (OCMS) for the main motor that has been provided and the other motor that has been mentioned is only a standby in respect of which there is no necessity for providing the same. However, they have complied with the direction as well subsequently. Further, as regards the environmental compensation is concerned, the same has been challenged before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras by filing W.P. No.10495 of 2020 and the Hon'ble Madras High Court by order dated 21.08.2020 admitted the matter and stayed the recovery of amount but directed the unit to comply with the defects pointed out by the Pollution Control Board in their notice and the submission made by the Learned Senior Counsel that the defects pointed out are nearly complied with was recorded. So according to them, the application lacks merit and they prayed for dismissal of the application.

9. The applicant filed rejoinder to the reply submitted by respondents 9 to 12 wherein they have reiterated the allegations [16] made by them in their application and also reiterated the observations made by the Joint Committee regarding the deficiencies noticed at the time of inspection. They have further submitted that some of the units which have started and they wanted to have some effluent discharge system near the Bhavani River at some places and since it was found to causing pollution the same has been shifted to other place. They have denied several allegations made by respondents 9 to 12 in their counter statement and further contended that even if they are somehow connected with the activity of the 12th respondent as regular employees or contractual employees that will not prevent them in projecting the environmental issues that is being caused in the locality on account of the operation of the 12th respondent- unit and they wanted directions to be issued by this Tribunal to the 12th respondent to comply with the directions issued by the Joint Committee and also directions issued by Pollution Control Board in Show-Cause Notice and the compliance of the same has to be monitored by regulators. They wanted to accept their contentions and pass appropriate orders accordingly.

10. The applicants also filed I.A. No. 78 of 2021 for appointment of independent nodal agency for ensuring implementation of the recommendations of the Joint Committee of the final report dated 13.03.2020. In the affidavit itself, they have mentioned that the same will have to be monitored either by regulators, namely, respondents 4 to 8 or by any independent agency. It will be seen from the report submitted by the Pollution Control Board itself that on the basis of the recommendations made by the Committee certain directions and Show-Cause Notice had [17] been issued and they are monitoring the compliance of the directions issued by Joint Committee as per provisions of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981 and also under the Environment (Protection) Act. It is the duty of the regulator, namely, Pollution Control Board to monitor the implementation of the conditions imposed and take appropriate action in case of violations found. So under such circumstances, there is no necessity to appoint any independent agency for supervising the compliance of the directions issued by the Committee to the 12th respondent. So, we feel that directing the Pollution Control Board itself to monitor the compliance of the recommendations made by the Committee while disposing the case will be sufficient and with that observation I.A. No. 78 of 2021 can be disposed of. Accordingly I.A. No. 78 of 2021 is disposed of with above observation.

11. When the matter came up for hearing today Mr. Deivasigamani represented the applicant. Mr. C. Kasirajan through Ms. Ashwini represented respondents 4 to 6. Dr. V.R. Thirunarayanan represented respondent 7 and 8 and Mr. Manishankar, Sr. Advocate along with Mr. Rahul M. Shankar represented respondents 9 to 12.

12. Learned Counsel appearing for the applicants submitted that there are lot of violations found by the Joint Committee which is evident from the Joint Committee report filed in March, 2020 and it is highly necessary that those recommendations made by the Committee have to be implemented by the respondents 9 to

12. He has also contended that there are other violations of eco- [18] sensitive zone and non-compliance of guidelines given by the Central Pollution Control Board regarding the utilisation of the effluent within their factory premises itself. It is also contended by the applicants and also mentioned by the Learned Counsel appearing for the applicants that the unit itself was established in eco-sensitive zone against the notification issued.

13. On the other hand, the Learned Counsel appearing for the Pollution Control Board submitted that they have already issued Show-Cause notice and also imposed environmental compensation and also issued certain directions under Section 33(A) of The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and 31(A) of the Air (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981 and the imposition of environmental compensation was challenged by the 12th respondent before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras and a stay has been granted in respect of implementation of recovery of the compensation alone but as regards the other conditions are concerned, there was direction to comply with the same by the 12th respondent unit. They will be taking all necessary steps to monitor the compliance of the directions issued by them as well as the recommendations made by the Committee and if there is any violation they will take appropriate action against the 12th respondent in accordance with law.

14. Learned Senior Counsel appearing for the 12 th respondent submitted that though there in no necessity of providing Continuous Online Monitoring System for standby motor but in order to comply with the direction, they have connected that also now and most of the directions given by Pollution Control Board [19] in their notice has been complied with and they will take all necessary steps to prevent any possible pollution that is likely to be caused on account of the operation of their unit and strictly comply with the conditions imposed by the Pollution Control Board in the consent granted.

15. We have considered the reports submitted by the Joint Committee as well as pleadings in detail and also submission made by the Leaned Counsel for the parties. During the pendency of the application, 1st applicant died and applicants 3 and 4 were impleaded as his legal representatives as per order in I.A. No. 63 of 2020 dated 12.10.2020.

16. The points arose for consideration are:

i. Whether the 12th respondent unit has committed any violation of conditions imposed?
ii. What is the nature of directions to be given for making the functioning of 12th respondent unit in an environmental friendly manner and also what is the nature of directions to be given for monitoring the compliance of the recommendations made by the regulators?
iii. Reliefs and Costs.
Points

17. As regards the maintainability of the application by applicants on the ground that they have got some connections with the functioning of the 12th respondent unit as employees either permanent or contract is concerned that will not affect their right to file application before the Tribunal in respect of any environmental issue caused which affects their agricultural land as well as land in the area and affecting the environment of area [20] on account of operations of 12th respondent unit. So on that ground the submission made by the 12th respondent that the application is not maintainable cannot be accepted.

18. As regards the establishment of unit in an eco-sensitive zone against the recommendations of Sri. Swaminathan Committee etc. it cannot be gone into by this Tribunal at this stage as the 12th respondent unit has been established long ago on the basis of the environmental clearance and other consent given by the regulators in accordance with EIA Notification, 2006 and also under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981 and none of those clearance were challenged by the applicants at the appropriate time and as such the establishment of the unit at that place after such a long time cannot be challenged by the applicants as even as per the provisions of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 the same will have to be challenged within six months from the first cause of action arose and if there is any delay that can be done within a further period of not exceeding two months thereafter and not beyond that period. Further, even in respect of statutory clearances granted, challenge of which can done by the aggrieved party by filing an appeal under the respective statues and if it is not being exercised by the parties, then they cannot indirectly challenge the establishment of the unit by filing such an application after a long time but applicants are entitled to proceed with the matter if the functioning of unit causes pollution and non compliance of the direction issued and consents granted. Since it is being a recurring cause of action, whenever such a cause of [21] action is brought to the notice and any pollution caused on account of the same, then that can be agitated by the applicant before this Tribunal. When they are seeking for environmental compensation as well such an application is maintainable before this Tribunal.

19. In order to ascertain the violations alleged to have been committed by 12th respondent unit this Tribunal had appointed a Joint Committee consisting of Central Pollution Control Board as well as State Pollution Control Board and they have submitted a detailed report showing the nature of violations committed by the 12th respondent and also assessed the environmental compensation payable for the violation committed relying on the direction issued by Principal Bench in certain matters of similar nature on the basis of which certain guidelines have been evolved by Central Pollution Control Board for such purpose. The nature of violations and the recommendations given were extracted by this Tribunal in the earlier paragraphs, so we are not repeating the same now. Further, it is also seen from the reports submitted by the Pollution Control Board that they have already taken action against the 12th respondent on the basis of the recommendations made by the Committee by filing the report dated nil filed on 15.09.2020 wherein they have stated that they have inspected the unit on 10.08.2020 and noticed the following things:

TNPC Board's Directions vide Proc. No. T1/TNPCB/F.0038/CBN/RL/W&A/2020 dated 17.03.2020
1. The unit shall The unit has The unit has no The unit shall remit the interim requested to remitted the EC remit the interim environmental waive the EC of amount Rs. environmental compensation of vide letter 331.80 lakhs in compensation of Rs. 331.80 Lakhs dated this regard, the an amount of Rs.

calculated till 12.08.2020. TNPC Board had 331.80 Lakhs [22] 11.03.2020 for conducted calculated till violations made by personal hearing 11.03.2020 for the unit. meeting with the violations made unit of M/s ITC by the unit limited Paper before December, Boards and 2020.

                                                        Specialty Boards
                                                        Division      unit: The unit was
                                                        Kovai           on also instructed to
                                                        07.08.2020       @ carry              out
                                                        10:11     AM     at improvement
                                                        Corporate office, measures              as
                                                        TNPCB, Guindy, mentioned in the
                                                        Chennai. During minutes                 of
                                                        personal hearing meeting held on
                                                        meeting, the unit 07.08.2020 with
                                                        has requested to the                 unit
                                                        waive the EC.          representatives.

2. The unit shall remit an amount of Rs. 30,000/-- w.e.f 12.03.2020 until compliance of the following:

i. The industry • Unit does not have The Unit has The unit shall ensure provision to provided shall utilize no discharge discharge effluent the treated of partial/untreated Treatment Plant effluent for partially/untre effluent for irrigation. for the irrigation ated effluent Unit has Effluent treatment of after meeting in to the soil Treatment Plant effluent the (ETP) of adequate generation from standards capacity to treat the the prescribed by effluent. manufacturing the TNPC • Unit analyses the process and Board at all samples at inlet and treated effluent times.

outlet of ETP on daily is being utilized basis. TNPCB for irrigation.

                                 officials collect the During
                                 samples on monthly inspection              the
                                 basis and share the ETP was found
                                 reports.     ETP     has in operation.
                                 online      continuous
                                 monitoring       system
                                 and        data         is
                                 transmitted      on      a
                                 continuous basis. All
                                 of       the      above
                                 indicates            full
                                 compliance with the
                                 norms.
     ii.    The industry • Flow              meter       is The unit has The                 unit
            shall provide          installed at ETP provided               flow shall
            flow meter at          inlet and connected meter at the maintain the
            inlet of ETP in        to     ETP      online inlet of ETP and flow meters
            order           to     instrument.       Unit connected           to at the inlet
            quantify total         has engaged M/s water               Quality and outlet of
            effluent               Ideatech            for Watch Centre, ETP at all
            generation and         installation      and TNPCB                to times.
            treated and its        data transmission. monitoring the The                     unit
            shall          be      Data      is     being actual flow of shall connect
            connected to           transmitted           to effluent. Yet to the             flow
            the        online      water quality watch be           connected meters at the
            servers         of     server of TNPCB with CPCB.                      inlet     and

CPCB and since 26/06/2020. outlet of ETP TNPCB. Attached the to the online screenshot as servers of annexure (4). CPCB before September, 2020.

     iii.   The industry • Data from NO2 and The unit has The                                unit
            shall provide          SO2 analysers is not engaged            M/s shall provide
            calibration            connected to CPCB Environment SA calibration
            facility in the        and TNPCB server India                   Pvt facility in the
            OCEMS                  basedon            the Limited             to OCEMA
            installed in 60        understanding that provide                      installed    in
            TPH boiler for         plant       is     not calibration              60 TPH boiler

                                            [23]
       the               qualified            as   software       to   for       the
      parameters        identified CPP as         online NO2 and      parameters
      PM, NO2 &         per CPCB letter           SO2 analyzer of     PM, NO2 and
      SO2, data from    cited above.              60 TPH boiler       SO2 analyzers
      NO2 & SO2 • However unit has                and to connect      to          b
      analysis to be    engaged           M/s     to CPCB and         connected to
      connected to      Environment         SA    TNPCB      server   CPCB     and
      CPCB        and   India Pvt. Limited to     (P.O attached)      TNPCB
      TNPCB server.     provide calibration                           server     by
                        software to online                            September,
                        NO2      and      SO2                         2020       as
                        analyzer of 60 TPH                            assured.
                        boiler      and      to
                        connect to CPCB
                        and TNPCB server.
                        We have planned to
                        complete the work
                        by       30.09.2020.
                        Purchase         order
                        issued for the same
                        is    enclosed       as
                        annexure (5). This
                        work       has     got
                        delayed      due     to
                        COVID 19 for which
                        conditions/restricti
                        ons were imposed
                        by     the     District
                        Administration for
                        travel from other
                        places to site.
iv.   The      OCEMS • Unit has engaged           The unit has        The OCEMS
      attached      in  M/s                       engaged     M/s     attached    in
      the 60 TPH        Cholamandalam             Cholamandalam       the 60 TPH
      boiler shall be   MS risk services Ltd      MS risk services    boiler      in
      placed        in  for           advisory    Ltd for advisory    appropriate
      appropriate       consultancy         for   consultancy for     location    as
      location as per   relocation           of   relocation     of   per emission
      emission          OCEMS of 60 TPH           OCEMS of 60         regulations
      regulations       boiler to meet the        TPH boiler to       part-III    by
      part-III          directions. We are        meet          the   October,
                        planning             to   directions   (PO    2020        as
                        complete the work         attached)           assured.
                        by       31.10.2020.
                        Purchase         order
                        issued for the same
                        is    enclosed       as
                        annexure (6). Work
                        has got delayed due
                        to COVID 19 for
                        which
                        conditions/restricti
                        ons were imposed
                        by             District
                        Administration for
                        travel from other
                        places to site.
v.     The industry • Addressed         under     The unit has        The        unit
      shall     install Point (1)                 installed online    shall connect
      OCEMS in 44                                 Continuous          the
      TPH boiler for                              Emission            Continuous
      the                                         Monitoring          Emission
      parameters                                  System              Monitoring
      PM, NO2 &                                   (OCEMS) for 44      System to the
      SO2         with                            TPH      standby    CPCB       and
      gaseous                                     boiler     (Photo   provide
      calibration                                 attached)    and    calibration
      facility    and                             connected      to   facility in the
      connected to                                Care Air Centre.    OCEMS
      CPCB        and                             TNPCB. Yet to       installed    in
      TNPCB server.                               be     connected    44 TPH boiler
                                                  with CPCB.          for         the
                                                                      parameters

                                   [24]
                                                                                PM, NO2 &
                                                                               SO2 server by
                                                                               September,
                                                                               2020        as
                                                                               assured.
vi.    The industry         • Unit has already          The unit has           The       unit
       shall provide          started constructing      provided               shall provide
       proper                 additional concrete       additional vermi       proper
       processing             platforms in the          composting pits        processing
       and       storage      composting      yard.     with shed and          and storage
       facilities     for     We are planning the       the unit has           facilities for
       vermi                  to    complete    the     started                vermin
       composting of          work           before     construction of        composting
       bio sludge.            30.09.2020. Photos        shed for the           of bio sludge
                              of the site showing       storage        of      by
                              the progress are          compost,               September,
                              enclosed           as     platform with all      2020        as
                              annexure (7).             are in nearing         assured.
                                                        completion
                                                        stage
                                                        (Photograph
                                                        attached.)
vii.   The industry         • The       unit     has    The unit has           The industry
       shall provide          constructed        fuel   stored        the      shall provide
       proper                 sheds             with    lignite in open        proper
       processing             investment of Rs.         area till now.         processing
       and       storage      150      Lakhs      for   (Photograph            and storage
       facilities     for     storage of lignite &      attached).             facilities for
       the boiler fuel        saw     dust     since    The    Unit    as      the       boiler
       (Lignite        &      2015-16. Extension        started                fuel (Lignite
       biomass) and           of liginite shed with     construction of        and Biomass)
       avoid        open      additional                extension      of      with proper
       storage. This          investment of Rs.         existing     fuel      drainage
       facility     shall     70 lacs is under          shed.                  system and
       be      provided       progress to avoid         (photograph            avoid      open
       with       proper      open storage of the       attached).             storage      by
       drainage               fuel.      We       are                          January,
       system.                planning             to                          2021          as
                              complete the work                                assured.
                              by        31.01.2021.
                              Photos               of
                              construction of the
                              extension of shed
                              are    enclosed      as
                              annexure (8).
viii. The industry          • Extension of the          The unit has           The        unit
      shall provide           fuel shed is under        started                shall operate
      adequate                construction         as   construction of        and maintain
      control                 mentioned above. It       extension         of   the       water
      measures and            is planned to partly      existing       fuel    sprinklers
      maintain                cover sides of the        shed to avoid          continuously
      regularly     to        shed       to    avoid    open storage of        so     as    to
      avoid fugitive          fugitive     emissions    fuels          and     control
      emission from           from storage area.        planned to fully       fugitive
      storage yard of         Bottom ash is being       cover           the    emission
      boiler fuel and         disposed off to fly       storage sheds.         from        the
      bottom ash.             ash              brick    The unit has           unit's
                              manufacturers        as   provided water         premises.
                              on a regular basis.       sprinklers        in
                                                        fuel,     biomass
                                                        and     fly    ash
                                                        storage area.
ix.    The industry         • Plastice waste and        The unit has           The industry
       shall   remove         process        waste      disposed        the    shall ensure
       the       open         sludge          were      plastic      waste     no        open
       dumping      of        removed from solar        and        process     dumping of
       plastic waste          plant area to the         waste       sludge     any wastes at
       and    process         cement industries         were     removed       all times.
       waste      and         for   co-processing.      from solar plant
       process waste          Unit is storing the       area     to     the
       sludge                 waste plastic and         cement
       (binding               sludge           over     industries       for
       chemicals)             concrete    platform      co-processing.

                                        [25]
              found during          for regular disposal
             committee
             visit       and
             dispose       it
             properly. The
             industry shall
             ensure       no
             open dumping
             of waste at any
             time.
      x.     The industry        • Unit has designed       The unit has       The        unit
             shall provide         the     scheme    for   created pits for   shall
             garland drain         collection of roof      storage of rain    complete the
             system around         water from waste        water runoff in    rain     water
             the premises          paper yard and fuel     low lying area     harvesting
             and collected         yard to divert rain     and the unit       pits and roof
             to    concerted       water to storage        has proposed to    water
             rainwater             pond             with   collect the roof   collection
             harvesting            investment of Rs.       water in storage   pond to avoid
             pond to avoid         53 lakhs to avoid       pond.              runoff water
             seepage or can        water     going    to                      and seepage
             adopt       any       agricultural    land.                      water flowing
             appropriate           We are planning to                         to applicant's
             methods      to       complete the same                          agriculture
             avoid seepage         by 31.03.2021.                             land        by
             or can adopt        • Unit has created                           March 2021
             any                   rain water storage                         as assured.
             appropriate           pits to collect the
             methods      to       rain water run-off
             avoid seepage         to avoid seepage
             water flowing         and flow thereof to
             to agriculture        nearby fields.
             land.



Sl.        Major violations      Compliance       details       Present       Recommend
No.        considered    for     furnished by the unit as       status     of ations.
           levy           of     on 07.08.2020                  compliance
           environmental                                        based on the
           compensations                                        inspection
                                                                on
                                                                10.08.2020
Major violations for the        calculation of environmental compensation:
   1. Non-installation            • Unit has 60TPH Boiler The unit has The             unit
      of         Online             in operation to meet installed            shall connect
      Continuous                    steam      and       power Online         the    Online
      Emission                      demand of the plant on Continuous         Continuous
      Monitoring                    a continuous basis. It Emission           Emission
      System (OCEMS)                has Online Continuous Monitoring          Monitoring
      for    44     TPH             Emission       Monitoring System          System     to
      standby Boiler.               System (OCEMS) and he (OCEMS) for the             CPCB
                                    data        is       being 44        TPH before
                                    transmitted to TNPCB standby              September,
                                    since 2013.                 Boiler (Photo 2020.
                                  • 44 TPH boiler is a attached)
                                    standby boiler meant for and

operation only when the connected to 60TPH boiler is in- care Air operational being under Centre, breakdown or for annual TNPCB. Yet maintenance or for to connect to statutory inspection. CPCB.

• In last 5 years (2015-

                                    2020), the 44 TPH
                                    standby      boiler    was
                                    operated for around 4%
                                    of the calendar hours
                                    only when the 60TPH
                                    boiler       was       not
                                    operational for above
                                    reasons.
                                  • Standby boiler has 3


                                            [26]
                         fields ESP with 67
                        meters height chimney
                        and SPM levels were
                        maintained                    in
                        accordance        with      the
                        consented         standards.
                        The data is measured at
                        stack       offline        and
                        reported to the Board.
                      • Unit has bondfide belief
                        that the standby boiler
                        need not be provided
                        with online monitoring
                        instrument.
                      • However,         unit      has
                        engaged M/s Emerging
                        Technology, Chennai to
                        supply and install before
                        30.09.2020 Copy of the
                        Purchase         order        is
                        enclosed as annexure (1)
2. Dumping      of    • In 2010, ITC signed                 The unit has     The       unit
   plastic   waste      agreements with cement              not initiated    shall dispose
   inside the unit      plants for supply of                any steps to     the dumped
   premises             waste plastics to them              clean     the    plastic
                        for Co-processing. Since            dumped           wastes inside
                        2010, ITC updated the               plastic waste    the       unit
                        TNPCB on the details of             inside    the    premises to
                        plastic waste disposed              unit             the    cement
                        off to cement plants on a           premises         industries for
                        monthly basis.                                       co-
                      • During the earlier years                             processing
                        some plastic that was                                before
                        left out on the ground                               Dember,
                        got mixed with the soild                             2021.
                        and      vegetation        has
                        grown fully over that
                        area. These materials
                        are not plastic stored by
                        the      unit       in      the
                        unauthorised place. We
                        shall endeavour to clean
                        this area to the extent
                        possible.
3. Exceeedance   of   • Unit has 8 Mw Co-                   Earlier    the   The      unit
   source emissions     generation plant with 60            unit       had   shall utilize
   parameters (NO2      TPH boiler to meet                  utilized high    only the low
   & SO2)               process      steam         and      sulphur          sulphur
                        power       demand           for    content coal     content coal
                        paperboard                          of       1.5%    of 0.5% to
                        manufacturing. Boiler is            which     was    the 60 TPH
                        designed for fuel mix of            purchased        and 44 TPh
                        56% lignite and 44%                 from       the   boilers at all
                        biofuels.     It     is    also     Neyveli          times by end
                        designed to operate with            Lignite          of
                        100% lignite.                       Corporation      September,
                      • Over the last few years,            (NLC).    Now    2020.
                        Biofuels percentage in              the unit has
                        fuel    mix      has      been      proposed to
                        varying- it was above               utilize    low
                        50% during 2015-18 (3               sulphur
                        years) but during 2018-             content coal
                        2020      (2      years)       it   of       0.5%
                        dropped to less than                which will be
                        20%      due       to     non-      imported
                        availability of biofuels            from     other
                        which led to increase in            countries.
                        lignite      consumption.           (Purchase
                        Lignite is sourced from             order
                        Neyveli                 Lignite     attached.)
                        Corporation (NLC).
                      • CPCB had issued letter
                        dated 16.04.2020 no. B-

                                    [27]
                                33014/07/2018/IPC-
                               II/TPP/639         to     658
                               mentioning the norms of
                               compliance for captive
                               power plants (CPPs) and
                               the lsit of CPPs in Tamil
                               Nadu. In the list of CPPs
                               8    MW       co-generation
                               plant was not listed.
                               Attached the letter as
                               annexure (2)
                             • However,          ITC        is
                               planning to address the
                               emissions by reducing
                               lignite from NLC which
                               has      high         sulphur
                               content of 1.5% by
                               substituting        it    with
                               imported coal which has
                               lower sulphur content of
                               0.5%.      attached        the
                               recent order placed for
                               imported         coal        as
                               annexure (3)
     4. Traces of heavy      • Unit does not have                The unit has       The        unit
        metals in soil due     provision to discharge            provided           shall utilize
        to past discharge      untreated effluent for            Effluent           the     treated
        of                     irrigation.     Unit      has     Treatment          effluent     for
        partial/untreated      effluent treatment plant          Plant for the      irrigation
        effluent.              of adequate capacity to           treatment of       after meeting
                               treat the effluent. Unit          effluent           the
                               recycles      40-45%         of   generation         standards
                               treated      effluent       for   from        the    prescribed by
                               manufacturing process             manufacturi        the       TNPC
                               and        balance           is   ng     process     Board at all
                               discharged for irrigation.        and treated        times.
                               Unit continues to take            effluent      is
                               steps to increase the             being utilized
                               recycling percentage.             for irrigation.
                             • Tamil Nadu Agricultural           During
                               University      (TNAU)       is   inspection
                               engaged by ITC to                 the ETP was
                               monitor the impact of             found        in
                               application of treated            operation
                               effluent on soil and
                               ground water quality
                               since       year         2000
                               onwards. TNAU submits
                               reports annually which
                               show no adverse impact
                               on the soil and ground
                               water quality.
                             • The       standards         for
                               monitoring for heavy
                               metals        were         not
                               prescribed by TNAU in
                               the     course       of    soil
                               monitoring       over      the
                               years.              However,
                               Committee               report
                               indicates traces of heavy
                               metals which is lesser
                               than compost standards
                               for irrigation purpose
                               which       indicate        no
                               damage to soil.



20. And also narrated the nature of action taken by them which reads as follows:

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Out of 10 numbers of TNPCB Board's direction dated 17.03.2020, the unit has complied 2 numbers partially complied 5 numbers and 2 were not complied.
4. It is respectfully submitted that the unit was called for personal hearing on 07.08.2020 at the TNPCB, Corporate Officer, Gunidy, Chennai-32 and the unit was instructed to comply the following points:
1. The unit shall submit separate applications and obtain consents for Paper production (Duplex Board, Art Board, Cromo Board) and power generation (8MW Hr). Seperately.
2. The industry shall provide calibration facility in the OCEMS installed in 60 TPH boiler for the parameters PM SO2 and NO2 .

SO2 and NO2 analyzer and same be connected to CPCB and TNPCB server.

3. The industry shall provide OCEMS installed in 44 TPH boiler for the parameters PM SO2 and NO2. SO2 and NO2 and same be connected to CPCB and TNPCB server by 30.09.2020.

4. The unit shall furnish the records of 44 TPH boiler operations as claimed by the unit.

5. The industry shall quantify the plastic waste and process waste sludge (binding chemicals) which was dumped and furnish the details along with disposal details.

6. the unit shall utilize imported coal having 0.5% sulphur instead of lignite obtained from NLC having 1.5% sulphur.

7.The unit shall analyse the heavy metals in the raw material and also furnish report to Board, since NI was found to be present in the ground water sample report.

8. the unit shall provide X-ray type scan to screen the barrels/container with paper raw materials at the port, so as to reduce time of inspection for TNPCB officials.

9.The unit shall from 30m x 30m grid and install piezo metric bore well for analysis of ground water.

10. The unit shall provide sprinkler arrangement to avoid fugitive emissions.

11. The unit shall check proximity & ultimate analysis to find the Heavy metals in the Lignite.

12. The unit shall furnish the list of proprietary chemicals used in the industry.

Under the above circumstances, it is humbly prayed that this Hon'ble National Green Tribunal may be pleased to pass such further or other orders as this Hon'ble Tribunal may deem fit and proper in the facts and circumstances of this case and thus render justice.

21. It is seen from the pleadings submitted by the parties that the notice issued by Pollution Control Board imposing interim environmental compensation to the tune of Rs. 331.80 lakhs till 11.03.2020 and further direction to pay compensation at the rate of Rs. 30,000/- per day from 12.03.2020 till the compliance was challenged before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras by the 12th respondent by filing W.P. No.10495 of 2020 and the Hon'ble High Court of Madras by order dated [29] 21.08.2020 admitted the matter and stayed the direction to pay compensation but directed the writ petitioner in that matter, who is 12th respondent herein to comply with the defect pointed out in notice. The Hon'ble High Court also did not stay the entire notice issued by the Pollution Control Board but the stay was restricted in respect of recovery of compensation as it was alleged in the writ petition that compensation was imposed without complying with the principle of natural justice of hearing them.

22. So, as regards the compliance of the directions are concerned, this Tribunal can proceed with the same and direct 12 th respondent to comply with the same, with further direction to the Pollution Control Board that if it is not properly complied with, then take appropriate action against them in accordance with law. As regards the compensation is concerned, we are not passing any order as it is sub-judice and pending with the Hon'ble High Court of Madras in the writ petition mentioned above and that will be subject to the result of the same.

23. So this Tribunal feels that the application can be disposed of as follows:

(i) The 12th respondent is directed to comply with the recommendations issued by the Joint Committee in the report dated 12.03.2020 in its letter and spirit.
(ii) The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board is directed to monitor the compliance of the recommendation made by the Committee and also directions issued by them to the 12 th respondent in the impugned notice, which was challenged before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras to the extent of [30] imposing compensation. If there are any violations or non-

compliance found, then Pollution Control Board is directed to take action against the 12th respondent in accordance with law.

(iii) As regards the compensation is concerned, since the matter is sub-judice and pending before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras in W.P No. 10495 of 2020 we are not passing any order regarding the same and that will be subject to final orders to be passed by the Hon'ble High Court in the above writ petition and also on that Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board to take action against the 12th respondent in respect of the same subject to the result of the writ petition mentioned above.

(iv) The 12th respondent is directed to comply with all the pollution norms and conditions imposed in the clearance as well as in the consent and operate the unit in an environmental friendly manner without causing pollution to the environment or causing any disturbance to the neighbouring property owners.

The points are answered accordingly.

24. In the result, the application is disposed of as follows:

(i) The 12th respondent is directed to comply with the recommendations issued by the Joint Committee in the report dated 12.03.2020 in its letter and spirit.
(ii) The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board is directed to monitor the compliance of the recommendation made by the Committee and also directions issued by them to the 12 th respondent in the impugned notice, which was challenged [31] before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras to the extent of imposing compensation. If there are any violations or non-

compliance found, then Pollution Control Board is directed to take action against the 12th respondent in accordance with law.

(iii) As regards the compensation is concerned since the matter is sub-judice and pending before the Hon'ble High Court of Madras in W.P No. 10495 of 2020 we are not passing any order regarding the same and that will be subject to final order passed by the Hon'ble High Court in the above writ petition and also on that Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Basis is directed to take action against the 12th respondent in respect of the same subject to the result of the writ petition mentioned above.

(iv) The 12th respondent is directed to comply with all the pollution norms and conditions imposed in the clearance as well as in the consent and operate the unit in an environmental friendly manner without causing pollution to the environment or causing any disturbance to the neighbouring property owners.

(v) Liberty of the applicants to approach this Tribunal later, if there is non-compliance by 12th respondent is left open.

25. Considering the circumstances, the parties are directed to bear their respective cost in the application.

26. The registry is directed to communicate this order to the Pollution Control Board for their compliance. [32]

27. With the above directions and observations, the application is disposed of.

...................................J.M. (Justice K. Ramakrishnan) ...............................E.M. (Shri. Dr. K. Satyagopal) O.A. No.26 of 2019(SZ) & I.A. No. 78 of 2021 28th May, 2021. (AM).

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