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[Cites 3, Cited by 0]

Bangalore District Court

Anantha.N vs G.S.Suresh Gupta on 26 June, 2025

KABC020420922023




   IN THE COURT OF THE JUDGE COURT OF SMALL
        CAUSES AND A.C.J.M, AT BENGALURU
       DATED THIS THE 26th DAY OF JUNE - 2025
                         PRESENT:
                 Smt.Nirmala.M.C, B.Com.,L.L.B
            JUDGE & ACJM, COURT OF SMALL CAUSES,
                     C.C.No.14546/2023
    Complainant:        Sri. Anantha.N.,
                        S/o. Narasimaiah,
                        Aged about 54 years,
                        R/at # 4/1, Grama Devata Street,
                        Susheela Road, Chikka Mavalli,
                        Bengaluru South,
                        Bengaluru - 560 004.

                        (By Sri.T.R. - Adv.)
                          -Vs-
      Accused:          Sri. G.S.Suresh Gupta,
                        S/o Unknown,
                        Aged about Major,
                        Wife of Chandrashekhar,
                        R/at No.23/4, 1st Cross,
                        Swimming Pool Road,
                        Mahalakshmi Layout,
                        Bengaluru - 560086.
                        (By Sri. V.S.P. - Adv.)
 SCCH-9                         2               CC.No.14546/2023



                       // J U D G M E N T //

      This is a private complaint filed by the complainant

u/Sec. 200 of Cr.P.C. against the accused for the offence

punishable u/Sec 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act 1881

(hereinafter referred as 'Act').


      2. The case of the complainant in brief is as under:

      The accused is one of the known person to the

complainant. The accused has approached the complainant to

avail hand loan of Rs.2,50,000/- on 13.06.2019 in order to

discharge the debt for accused family liabilities and accused

agreed to pay an interest at the rate of 12% p.a. and also

agreed to return the loan amount within 3 months. On the

assurance of the accused, complainant has paid Rs.2,50,000/-

to the accused out of his hard earned savings money. The

accused was irregular in payment of interest as and when it

accrues. Further complainant demanded the accused for

interest and principal amount but, accused had postponed the

same on one or the other pretext. Finally in the first week of
 SCCH-9                      3              CC.No.14546/2023



August, accued had issued three cheques i.e., cheque bearing

No.000035 dated 03.08.2023 for Rs.1,00,000/-, cheque

bearing No.000036 dated 03.08.2023 for Rs.1,00,000/- and

cheque bearing No.000037 dated 03.08.2023 for Rs.50,000/-,

all are drawn on PMC Bank, Mahalakshmi layout Branch

towards discharge of the loan and assured the complainant

that said cheques will be dishonoured and entire interest will

be paid within      end of August 2023. The complainant

presented the cheque through his banker Canara Bank,

V.V.Puram Branch, but the said cheque came to be

dishonored and said cheque belongs to the accused was

returned as "Unable to scan cheque as Invalid MICR Code"

dated 05.08.2023.


      3.    It is further case of the complainant that, the

complainant got issued legal notice dated 31.08.2023 by way

of RPAD to the accused calling upon accused to pay the

cheque amount, which is issued by the accused. The said

notice was returned unserved as not claimed on note door
 SCCH-9                      4              CC.No.14546/2023



locked. Thus, accused not paid the cheque amount. Hence,

complainant has filed this private complaint against the

accused for the alleged offence punishable U/sec.138 of NI

Act.


       4. After filing the complaint, cognizance was taken for

the offence punishable U/Sec 138 of N.I. Act. The sworn

statement of the complainant was recorded and registered the

case as Criminal Case and the process was issued against the

accused.


       5.   In response to the summons, the accused has

appeared before the court and enlarged on bail. The accused

was on bail during the trial. As per the directions of Hon'ble

Apex Court in a case between INDIAN BANK ASSOCIATION

V/s UNION OF INDIA in the instant case on the same day of

appearance of the accused, the substance of accusation was

framed and read over and explained to the accused in the

language known to her. The accused pleaded not guilty, but

claims to be tried. On the same day sworn statement affidavit
 SCCH-9                     5              CC.No.14546/2023



of complainant was treated as chief examination affidavit and

evidence of complainant treated as PW1. The documents

which were marked at the time of sworn statement i.e., Ex.P.1

to P.13 were also considered as documentary evidence to the

chief examination. Then the statement of accused as required

U/sec 313 of Cr.P.C. was recorded. The accused denied all

the incriminating circumstances appeared against him in the

evidence to be false. Then accused was permitted to cross

examine the PW.1 on the basis of application filed by him and

the accused himself examined as DW.1 and got marked

documents as Ex.D1 to Ex.D.4.


      6.     Heard the arguments of both sides. The learned

counsel for the complainant has relied on the following

decisions:

         1   AIR 1985 SC 3043
         2   AIR 2009 SC 386
         3   AIR 2020 SC 945
         4   Crl.A.No.1233-1235 of 2022 (arising out
             of SLP (Crl) No.7430-7432/22 @
             D.No.13470/2019
         5   (2010) 11 SCC 441
 SCCH-9                           6               CC.No.14546/2023



           6     (2003) 3 SCC 232
           7     (2012) 1 SCC 260

      The learned counsel for the accused has relied on the

following decision:

      1.         Judgment in Neutral Citation No.2024:
                 AHC: 102434 dated 05.06.2024

       7.       I have perused the materials available on record.

       8.       Now the points that arise for my consideration are

as under:

               1. Whether the complainant proves beyond
               all reasonable doubt that, the accused had
               issued cheque bearing No.000035 dated
               03.08.2023 for Rs.1,00,000/-, cheque
               bearing No.000036 dated 03.08.2023 for
               Rs.1,00,000/-     and    cheque       bearing
               No.000037       dated    03.08.2023        for
               Rs.50,000/-, all are drawn on PMC Bank,
               Mahalakshmi layout Branch in favour of
               complainant to discharge his liability and on
               presentation of the said cheques for
               encashment, the same were returned as
               "Unable to scan cheque as invalid MICR
               Code" on 05.08.2023 and in spite of service
               of notice, the accused failed to pay the
               cheque amount within the statutory period
               and thereby committed an offence
               punishable u/Section 138 of N.I.Act?

               2. What order?
 SCCH-9                        7                  CC.No.14546/2023



      9.    My    answer      to   the   above     points   for   my
consideration are as under:
            Point No.1: In the Negative
            Point No.2: As per final order
                           for the following:-

                         REASONS

      10.   POINT NO.1 : It is the specific case of the

complainant that, accused approached the complainant to

avail hand loan of Rs.2,50,000/- on 13.06.2019 in order to

discharge the debt for his family liabilities and accused agreed

to pay an interest at the rate of 12% p.a. and also agreed to

return the loan amount within 3 months. On the assurance of

the accused, complainant has paid Rs.2,50,000/- to the

accused out of his hard earned savings money. The accused

was irregular in payment of interest as and when it accrues.

Further complainant demanded the accused for interest and

principal amount but, accused had postponed the same on

one or the other pretext. Finally in the first week of August,

accused had issued three cheques i.e., cheque bearing

No.000035 dated 03.08.2023 for Rs.1,00,000/-, cheque
 SCCH-9                      8              CC.No.14546/2023



bearing No.000036 dated 03.08.2023 for Rs.1,00,000/- and

cheque bearing No.000037 dated 03.08.2023 for Rs.50,000/-,

all are drawn on PMC Bank, Mahalakshmi layout Branch

towards discharge of the loan and assured the complainant

that said cheques will be dishonoured and entire interest will

be paid within end of August 2023. The complainant presented

the cheque through his banker Canara Bank, V.V.Puram

Branch, but the said cheque came to be dishonored and said

cheque belongs to the accused was returned as "Unable to

scan cheque as Invalid MICR Code" dated 05.08.2023.

Thereafter the complainant got issued legal notice. The

accused has not paid the cheque amount. Hence, complainant

filed the private complaint for the offence punishable

U/Sec.138 of NI Act.


      11.   I have perused all the materials available on

record with cautiously. As stated above, in order to prove the

guilt of the accused, the complainant himself examined as

PW1 and got marked Ex.P1 to P13. The PW1/complainant has
 SCCH-9                        9               CC.No.14546/2023



filed affidavit in lieu of chief examination and reiterated all the

facts mentioned in his complaint. The Ex.P.1 to 3 are the

Cheques, Ex.P.1(a) to P.3(a) are the signatures of accused,

Ex.P.4 to 6 are the Bank Endorsements, Ex.P.7 is the office

copy of legal notice, Ex.P.8 is the returned postal cover,

Ex.P.8(a) is the legal notice dated 16.08.2023, Ex.P.9 and 10

are the Postal receipts, Ex.P.11 & 12 are the track

consignments and Ex.P.13 is the Account statement.


      12.    The learned counsel for complainant has argued

the case and submitted that accused has committed an

offence punishable u/Sec 138 NI act by issuing bounced

cheques, thus accused is liable to be convict for the offence

punishable U/sec 138 of NI Act by imposing the cheques

amount.


      13.    Per contra, the learned counsel for accused has

vehemently argued that accused has not at all committed any

offence as alleged by the complainant. Complaint is barred by

limitation and disputed cheques are invalid cheques. Thus he,
 SCCH-9                       10               CC.No.14546/2023



requested for acquittal of the accused.      In support of his

defence arguments, he relied upon the evidence of the DW.1

and Ex.D1 to Ex.D4.


      14.   Before discussion of case of the complainant, it is

better to have important ingredients as contemplated under the

Act, which constitute the offence punishable u/Sec 138 of the

said Act which reads as under:-


      a)     The cheque has been presented to the bank
   within a period of 3 months from the date on which it is
   drawn or within the period of its validity, whichever is
   earlier.

      b)      The payee or the holder in due course of the
   cheque, as the case may be makes a demand for the
   payment of the said amount of money by giving a notice,
   in writing, to the drawer, of the cheque(within 30 days) of
   the receipt of information from him from the bank
   regarding the return of the cheque as unpaid; and

      c)   The drawer of such cheque fails to make the
   payment of the said amount of money to the payee or, as
   the case may be to the holder in due course of the
   cheque within 15 days of the receipt of the said notice.


      15. Perused the material available on record. It is not in

dispute that accused and complainant well known to each
 SCCH-9                       11               CC.No.14546/2023



other. It is also not in dispute that, Ex.P.1 to Ex.P.3 are the

disputed cheques and signatures of the cheques belongs to

accused.


      16.   The    complainant    contended     that   accused

approached him and borrowed the loan of Rs.2,50,000/- on

13.06.2019 and accused agreed to repay the same within

three months. Thereafter, the accused has not repay the said

amount with interest.    Finally, accused issued the disputed

cheques in the 1st week of August to discharge his liability. In

support of his contention, complainant filed affidavit wherein

reiterated all averments of the complaint and examined as

PW.1 and produced the documents Ex.P.1 to Ex.P.13. On the

other hand, accused denied the contention of the complainant.

Further, the learned counsel for the accused vehemently

argued and same defence taken during the cross-examination

of the PW.1 that complaint filed by the complainant is barred

by limitation. In this regard perused the cross-examination of

the PW.1, wherein learned counsel for the accused put a
 SCCH-9                           12                 CC.No.14546/2023



suggestion at para No.3 of the cross-examination of the PW.1

that, 2019 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಹಣ ನೀಡಿದ್ದು , 2023 ರವರೆಗೆ ಆರೋಪಿಯ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಯಾವುದೇ

ಕಾನೂನು ಕ್ರ ಮ ಕೈಗೊಂಡಿರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಎಂದರೆ ಸರಿ, ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ ಮುಂದುವರೆದು ಆರೋಪಿಯು

ಮನೆಯನ್ನು ಬಿಟ್ಟು ಹೋಗಿದ್ದರು ಎಂದು ನುಡಿಯುತ್ತಾ ರೆ.   ಆರೋಪಿಯ ಮನೆಯ ಬಳಿ

ಹೋದಾಗ ಆರೋಪಿ ಸಿಗದಿದ್ದಾ ಗ ಆತನ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಲಿಖಿತವಾಗಿ ದೂರು ದಾಖಲಿಸಿದ್ದೀರಾ

ಎಂದರೆ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿಯು ಆ ರೀತಿ ದೂರು ದಾಖಲಿಸಿಲ್ಲ ಎಂದು ನುಡಿಯುತ್ತಾ ರೆ.     ದಿನಾಂಕಃ

13.06.2019 ರಿಂದ       ದಿನಾಂಕಃ   03.08.2023 ರವರೆಗೆ    ಆರೋಪಿಯ    ವಿರುದ್ಧ

ಯಾವುದಾದರೂ ಸಿವಿಲ್‍ ದಾವೆಯನ್ನು ಹೂಡಿದ್ದೀರಾ ಎಂದರೆ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿಯು ಆ ರೀತಿ ದಾವೆ

ಹೂಡಿಲ್ಲ ಎಂದು ನುಡಿಯುತ್ತಾ ರೆ. ಈ ಮೆ ೕಲ್ಕಂಡ ದಿನಾಂಕದ ಅವಧಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಆರೋಪಿಯು

ಸಾಲ ಮರುಪಾವತಿ ಮಾಡಿರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಹಾಗೂ ಆತನಿಂದ ಸಾಲ ಪಡೆದುಕೊಂಡಿರುವ ಬಗ್ಗೆ

ಯಾವುದೇ ದಾಖಲೆಗಳನ್ನು ಪಡೆದುಕೊಂಡಿರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಎಂದರೆ ಸರಿ. ಹಾಗೆಯೆ ೕ ನಾನು ಕೂಡ

ಸಾಲ ಬಾಕಿ ಇರುವ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಆರೋಪಿಗೆ ಪತ್ರ ಬರೆದು ಸಾಲ ಮರುಪಾವತಿ ಮಾಡುವಂತೆ

ಕೋರಿಕೊಂಡಿರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ.


       17.    As above, PW.1 clearly admitted that, he has lend

the amount in the year 2019 and he has not taken any legal

action against the accused to recover the said amount.

Further, he clearly deposed that, accused has not executed

any document with respect to extension of the time.             It is
 SCCH-9                        13                CC.No.14546/2023



settled principle of law that, there is a three years of limitation

to recover the debt.    It is also settled principle of law that,

before completion of three years of limitation, if the borrower

executes any acknowledgment of paid part payment that, three

years of limitation would gets extended again for three years

from the date of acknowledgment or part payment.            In the

instant case, there is no such instance that the accused

executed the acknowledgment or paid part payment in

between 13.06.2019 to 03.08.2023 in favour of complainant to

extend the period of limitation. The complainant categorically

alleges that, after several demands, accused has issued

alleged three cheques in the 1st Week of August 2023. If that is

so, it is nearly after lapse of four years one month cheques

have been issued. As stated above, there is a three years of

limitation for recovering the money or debt. In this case, after

lapse of four years one month, the cheque in question were

issued to discharge the liability or debt beyond limitation period

it appears that the complainant is claiming debt is absolutely

time barred.    Such debt cannot be considered as legally
 SCCH-9                       14                CC.No.14546/2023



enforceable debt and would not attract offence punishable

U/sec 138 of NI Act.     In this regard, I am relied upon the

judgment reported in 2020 SCC Online Kar 3415 (The Bidar

Urban C-operative Bank Ltd. V/s. Girish) wherein our own

Hon'ble High Court of Karnataka was please to held at para 39

as under:-


            "39. In view of the principles stated in the
      above referred decision and discussion, it is
      evident that the penal provision of Section 138 of
      the N.I. Act is applicable only to the cheques which
      are issued for the discharge in whole or in part, of
      any debt or other liability, which according to
      explanation must be a legally enforceable debt or
      other liability. A cheque given in discharge of a
      time barred debt will not constitute on
      unconditional undertaking or promise in writing
      either expressly or impliedly so as to attract the
      criminal offence under Section 138 of N.I. Act. This
      was elaborated in Sasseriyil Josesph's case,
      (supra) which is affirmed by the Hon'ble Supreme
      Court as stated above.            A cheque given in
      discharge of a time barred debt will not constitute a
      promise in writing not even an implied promise so
      as to attract a criminal liability under Section 138 of
      N.I. Act."


      The above decision is aptly applicable to the present

facts and circumstances of the case wherein Hon'ble High
 SCCH-9                         15                CC.No.14546/2023



Court of Karnataka held that, issued the disputed cheques to

time barred debt, it will not attract a criminal liability U/s.138 of

N.I. Act.   In the present case, the complaint itself is cleared

that, accused has borrowed the loan in the year 2019 and

accused issued the cheque in the year 2023, it shows that

complainant has filed this complaint with respect to time barred

debt. If the debt is time barred debt, it cannot be considered

as legally recoverable debt, therefore the above citation is

clearly applicable to the present case on hand with regard to

time barred debt.


      18.    Further, the learned counsel for the accused

argued and the same defence taken in the defence evidence

that, the disputed cheques are invalid as the cheques in

disputed were issued from the account maintained in the

Punjab and Maharashra Co-operative Bank Limited.                It is

merged with another bank.           Hence, the invalid disputed

cheques will not attract the liability U/s.138 of N.I. Act. On the

other hand, learned counsel for the complainant vehemently
 SCCH-9                       16                 CC.No.14546/2023



argued that, accused borrowed the loan and issued the

disputed cheques for legally recoverable debt in the year 2023.

Accused     clearly   admitted    that   disputed   cheques   and

signatures on the cheques belongs to him, hence accused is

liable to pay the amount mentioned in the cheques. In this

regard, perused the disputed cheques, it is not in dispute that

disputed cheques and signature on the cheques belongs to

accused which is account maintained the accused in the

Panjab and Maharashtra Co-operative Bank Limited. Ex.P.4

to Ex.P.6 are the endorsement issued by the bank wherein

mentioned as other reason unable to scan cheque as invalid

MIRC code. These documents are shows that, cheque were

returned with endorsement as invalid MRIC Code. Therefore,

in this regard, accused relied upon the decision reported in

2024 AHC:102434 in between Diwakar Tiwari, Gyanendra

Singh V/s. Ashish Pandey G.A., Vivek Kumar Singh wherein,

Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad held at para 11.


              In view of the above analysis, the cheque
         in question, which was issued form the account
 SCCH-9                         17                CC.No.14546/2023



         maintained in erstwhile Allahabad Bank after its
         merger with Indian Bank, was not the valid
         cheque on the date of presentation before the
         Indian Bank as required by proviso (a) of
         Section 138 of N.I. Act; therefore, dishonouring
         the same will not attract the liability U/s.138 N.I.
         Act.

      The above decision is amply applicable to the present

case, wherein Hon'ble High Court held that, Alhabad Bank

after its merge with Indian Bank was not valid cheque on the

date of presentation before the Indian Bank as required by

proviso (a) of Section 138 of NI Act. In the present case is also

not in dispute, Punjab and Maharastra Co-operative Bank Ltd.,

merged with Unity Small Finance Bank Ltd., it is not in

disputed by the complainant, complainant is also clearly

admitted that, Punjab and Maharastra Co-operative Bank Ltd.,

merged with Unity Small Finance Bank Ltd., As per notification

of the RBI dated 25.01.2022 Punjab and Maharastra Co-

operative Bank Ltd., merged with Unity Small Finance Bank

Ltd., in the year 2022.


      19.     The complainant contended that, accused has

issued the disputed cheque in the first week of August 2023.
 SCCH-9                      18               CC.No.14546/2023



On the other hand accused has denied the same and taken

the contention that in the year 2018, complainant has lend the

amount of Rs.1,50,000/- to one K.T.Srinivas, at that time

complainant has received the 3 cheques bearing Nos.000035,

000036 and 000037 from the accused for security purpose

towards that transaction. Accused never borrowed the loan

from the complainant. In support of his defence, accused

produced the Ex.D.4, perused the same, it clearly supported

the defence of the accused. Learned counsel for the

complainant cross-examined the DW.1, wherein put a

suggestion that you have created the Ex.D.4, it is denied by

the accused. Perused the Ex.D.4, it shows that complainant

has lend the amount to the accused. But, he has lend the

amount to one K.T.Srinivas dated 18.08.2018, at that time

complainant received the disputed cheque from the accused

for security purpose. Further in that document appeared the

signature of the complainant, signature on Ex.D.4 is not denied

by the complainant. Therefore, there is no reason to disbelieve

the defence of the accused and Ex.D.4 that in the year 2018,
 SCCH-9                      19              CC.No.14546/2023



complainant has collected the disputed cheques from the

accused for security purpose towards transaction between

complainant and K.T.Srinivas. Further PW.1 during his cross-

examination clearly deposed that he wrote his namem and

date on disputed cheques. This version is also supported the

defence of the accused that he has not issued the disputed

cheque in the year 2023, when the accused issued the

disputed cheque, at that time he has not written the name and

date on the disputed cheques. It shows that accused has

issued the disputed cheque without mentioning the date.

Therefore, the contention of the complainant is not believable

that accused has issued the disputed cheque in the first week

of August 2023. However, accused has clearly established that

he has issued the disputed cheques in the year 2018 for

security purpose.


      20.   Ex.P.1 to 3 are the disputed cheques belongs to

accused who maintained the account with Punjab and

Maharastra Co-operative Bank Ltd., dated 03.08.2023. Ex.P.4
 SCCH-9                      20              CC.No.14546/2023



to 6 shows that, disputed cheques returned with endorsement

on 05.08.2023. These documents shows that, complainant has

presented the disputed cheques in the year 2023 i.e., after

merging with the Unity Small Finance Bank Ltd., It shows that,

at the time of presentation of disputed cheques, those cheques

were invalid. As per the proviso (a) of Section 138 of N I Act

cheques must be presented during its validity. But in the

present case, complainant has not presented cheques during

its valid period. When the complainant presented the disputed

cheques, they were become invalid cheques. Therefore, Bank

has issued the endorsement "Unable scan cheque as invalid

MICR code". At this juncture I am relied upon the decision

reported in 2021 SCC Online Jhar 482 (Md.Nasim Ansari Vs.

State of Jharkhand) wherein Hon'ble Court held that, "where

the cheque was dishonored because of it being a non MICR

cheque as held that, an offences under Section 138 of N I Act

will not be made out".


      The above decision is aptly applicable to the present
 SCCH-9                       21               CC.No.14546/2023



case. In the present case has also Bank has issued the

endorsement "Unable scan cheque as invalid MICR code". In

such situation,   complainant has not made out his case that,

accused is committed offence under Section 138 of N I Act.


      21.   In the present case, complainant contended that,

accused has borrowed the loan of Rs.2,50,000/- dated

13.06.2019 and the accused has agreed to repay the said

amount within 3 months, But accused has not paid the said

amount within stipulated period and after repeated demands

made by the complainant, the accused has issued disputed

cheques in favour of the complainant to discharge his legally

enforceable debt. The Learned counsel for the complainant

vehemently argued that, it is not in dispute, disputed cheques

and signatures are belongs to accused, accused has clearly

admitted during his cross examination. Further it is also not in

dispute issuance of cheques, therefore, accused is liable to

pay the amount mentioned in the cheques. In support of his

contention, he relied upon the following decisions:
 SCCH-9                       22              CC.No.14546/2023



      AIR 1985 SC 3043
      AIR 2009 SC 386
      AIR 2020 SC 945
      Crl.A.No.1233-1235 of 2022 (arising out of SLP
      (Crl) No.7430-7432/22 @ D.No.13470/2019
      (2010) 11 SCC 441
      (2003) 3 SCC 232
      (2012) 1 SCC 260


      22.   No doubt it is true issuance of the cheques and

signatures on disputed cheques are not disputed by the

accused. But, accused taken the defence that those cheques

were invalid at the time of presentation. Accused has issued

the disputed cheques in the year 2018. As per notification of

the RBI, Punjab and Maharashtra Co-operative Bank Ltd.,

merged with Unity Small Finance Bank Ltd. In the year 2022.

After that cheques were invalid. This defence is clearly

established by the accused. However, complainant failed to

prove his contention that accused has issued the disputed

cheques for legally recoverable debt. Mere issuance of cheque

and admission of signature is not sufficient, at this juncture I

am relied upon the decision reported in 2012 (3) KCCR 2057
 SCCH-9                       23               CC.No.14546/2023



in between Veeraiah Vs. G.K.Madivalar, wherein Hon'ble court

held that mere issuance of cheque is not sufficient unless it is

shown that said cheque was issued towards discharge of

legally recoverable debt. The above decision is aptly

applicable to the present facts and circumstances of the case.

In the present case, though the accused admitted his signature

on the disputed cheques and issuance of cheques, he clearly

denied the transaction between himself and the complainant.

When the accused denied the financial transaction, it is the

burden of proof upon the complainant, he had to prove the

same through cogent oral and documentary evidence, but,

complainant failed to prove that, accused has issued the

disputed cheques for legally recoverable debt. When the

complainant failed to prove his contention, he cannot get any

relief as prayed in the complaint. Further complainant failed to

prove that he has filed this present case for legally recoverable

debt and he has presented the valid cheques for encashment.

Accused has clearly rebut the presumption raised in favour of

the complainant that he never issued the disputed cheques in
 SCCH-9                           24                 CC.No.14546/2023



favour of the complainant for legally recoverable debt.

Therefore, I am of the opinion that complainant has not proved

beyond all reasonable doubt that the accused has committed

an offence punishable U/Sec.138 of NI Act by issuing disputed

cheque. Hence I answered Point No.1 in the Negative.

      23.     POINT NO.2:          As per above discussions, I

proceed to pass the following:

                              ORDER

Acting under Section 255[1] of Cr.P.C, the accused is hereby acquitted for the offence Punishable U/s.138 of the N.I. Act.

The bail bond of the accused is hereby stand canceled.

(Dictated to the Stenographer directly on computer, typed by her and corrected then pronounced by me in the open court on this the 26th day of June, 2025.) (Nirmala.M.C) Court of Small Causes, Judge & ACJM, Bengaluru.

ANNEXURE LIST OF WITNESSES EXAMINED FOR COMPLAINANT:

PW.1 - Ananth.N. SCCH-9 25 CC.No.14546/2023 LIST OF WITNESSES EXAMINED FOR ACCUSED:

DW.1 - G.S.Suresh Gupta LIST OF DOCUMENTS EXHIBITED FOR COMPLAINANT:

Ex.P1 to 3 - 3 Cheques Ex.P1(a) to - Signatures of accused 3(a) Ex.P4 to 6 - Bank endorsements Ex.P7 - Legal notice dated 16.08.2023 Ex.P8 - Unserved Postal cover Ex.P8(a) - Legal notice dated 16.08.2023 found in returned postal cover Ex.P9 & 10 - Postal receipts Ex.P11& 12 - Track consignments Ex.P13 - Account statement LIST OF DOCUMENTS EXHIBITED FOR ACCUSED:
Ex.D1 - Reply notice dated 14.10.2023 Ex.D2 - Postal receipt Ex.D3 - Returned postal cover Ex.D3(a) - Reply notice dated 14.10.2023 in Ex.D.3 Ex.D4 - Acknowledgment (Nirmala.M.C) Court of Small Causes, Judge & ACJM, Bengaluru.