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Gujarat High Court

Charity Commissioner & vs Pir Mohmed Abdul Rasool & 26 on 20 July, 2017

Author: Akil Kureshi

Bench: Akil Kureshi, Biren Vaishnav

                   C/FA/1084/1995                                                JUDGMENT



                    IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

                                    FIRST APPEAL NO. 1084 of 1995
                                                  With
                              CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 12447 of 2015
                                                    In
                                    FIRST APPEAL NO. 1084 of 1995


         FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:


         HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI


         and
         HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE BIREN VAISHNAV
         ==========================================================

         1     Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed
               to see the judgment ?

         2     To be referred to the Reporter or not ?

         3     Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of
               the judgment ?

         4     Whether this case involves a substantial question of
               law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of
               India or any order made thereunder ?

         ==========================================================
                         CHARITY COMMISSIONER & 1....Appellant(s)
                                        Versus
                      PIR MOHMED ABDUL RASOOL & 26....Defendant(s)
         ==========================================================
         Appearance:
         IN FIRST APPEAL No.1084 OF 1995
         GOVERNMENT PLEADER for the Appellant(s) No. 1
         MR GM JOSHI, ADVOCATE for the Appellant(s) No. 1
         MR.SHALIN MEHTA, LD. SENIOR COUNSEL for MR MANISH S SHAH,
         ADVOCATE for the Appellant(s) No. 2
         MR.R.S.SANJANWALA for MR.DILIP KANOJIYA,
         MANISH SHAH BHARGAV KARIA & ASSO, ADVOCATE FOR THE
         DEFENDANT(S) NO. 21 - 23 , 26


                                               Page 1 of 29

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                  C/FA/1084/1995                                          JUDGMENT



         MR DHIRENDRA MEHTA, ADVOCATE for the Defendant(s) No. 1 , 3 - 7
         Appearance:
         IN CIVIL APPLICATION NO.12447 OF 2015
         MR.MIHIR THAKORE, SR.COUNSEL FOR VIRAL K. SHAH for the Applicant
         MR GM JOSHI, ADVOCATE for the Opponent (s) No.
         ==========================================================
          CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI
                 and
                 HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE BIREN VAISHNAV

                                  Date : 19-20/07/2017


                                  ORAL JUDGMENT

(PER : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI)

1. This   First   Appeal   was   originally   filed   by   the  Charity Commissioner, State of Gujarat, which is now  being prosecuted by the Gujarat State Wakf Board due  to the enactment of the Wakf Act, 1995 ('the Act of  1995'   for   short).     The   appellant   has   challenged   a  judgment   and   decree   dated   05.12.1990   passed   by   the  learned District Judge, Surat.  

2. Brief facts are as under.

3. One   land   bearing   survey   no.23   of   Umarvada,  Taluka:Choryasi,   District:Surat,   now   forming   Final  Plot No.49 in Town Planning Scheme No.8, admeasuring  7105   sq.mtrs.   is   of   the   ownership   of   one   Surat  Kadiwala   Momna   Kabrastan   Trust   (hereinafter   to   be  referred to as 'the Trust' for short).  On the premise  Page 2 of 29 HC-NIC Page 2 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT that   such   land   was   occupied   by   a   few   unauthorised  occupants, the Trust through its seven trustees filed  a Regular Civil Suit No.1 of 1990 before the District  Court, Surat, praying inter­alia, for eviction of such  occupants   who   were   defendant   nos.1   to   13.     The  plaintiffs   also   prayed   for   a   permanent   injunction  against   the   occupants   from   carrying   out   any  construction on the land.   The plaintiffs had joined  the Charity Commissioner as the defendant no.14.  

4. Few   months   after   the   institution   of   the   said  suit, the plaintiffs and the defendant nos.1 to 13­the  occupants of the land, presented a compromise pursis,  Exh.21,   dated   04.12.1990.   This   so   called   compromise  was   signed   by   four   of   the   trustees   i.e.   plaintiffs  no.1   to   4   and   did   not   carry   signatures   of   the  remaining   three   trustees­plaintiff   nos.5   to   7.   On  behalf   of   the   defendants,   all   the   13   private  defendants   signed   this   document.   Significantly,   the  document  did   not   carry   the  signature   of   the   Charity  Commissioner.   We will take note of the contents of  this document at a later stage.  

5. This   pursis   was   presented   before   the   District  Page 3 of 29 HC-NIC Page 3 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT Court on 05.12.1990 and on the same date, the learned  District Judge passed an order, which reads as under:

" Read   the   compromise   filed   by   the  trustees   of   the   Surat   Kadiwala   Memna   Kabrastan   Trust   and   the   affidavit   filed   by  the   trustees   of   the   said   trust   below   the  compromise­Pursis.

I   have   perused   the   compromise   filed   by  the   trustees,   and   from   the   contents   of   the   compromise, it appears that there is dispute  it   appears   that   there   is   dispute   regarding  possession   of   the   property   let   out   to   the  tenant   by   the   plaintiff­trust.     If   the  compromise is arrived at, it would be in the  interest of the trust and that it would prove   advantageous to the trust.  I am, thus, fully   satisfied that the compromise is in the best   interest of the plaintiff­trust.   Plaintiff­ trust   is,   therefore,   accorded   permission   to  compromise the suit.

Order accordingly C.O.A."

6. The   learned   Judge   thereafter   passed   a   separate  order accepting the compromise between the parties and  ordering   drawing   of   the   decree   in   terms   of   the  compromise.   This   order   which   was   also   passed   on  05.12.1990, reads as under:  

"Read the compromise entered into between the  parties.     By   a   separate   order   passed   by   me   below   the   plaintiff­trust's   application   for  according permission to compromise the suit,  I have accorded permission to compromise the  suit.   The compromise is in the interest of  the plaintiff­trust.  Compromise is recorded.   Decree be drawn in terms of the compromise.   Parties to bear their own costs."
Page 4 of 29

HC-NIC Page 4 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT On   the   premise   that   such   compromise   could   not   have  been entered into, that too without the permission of  the Charity Commissioner and further that the Charity  Commissioner   was   not   aware   about   such   agreement  between the parties and the District Court accepting  such   compromise,   the   Charity   Commissioner,   filed   a  belated First Appeal No.1084 of 1995 to challenge the  said   judgment   and  decree.    The   Division   Bench   after  condoning the delay, by a separate order, admitted the  First Appeal on 01.04.1995 and ordered the parties to  maintain   status   quo.     The   report   of   the   Charity  Commissioner   was   called   for   to   ascertain   the  construction already carried out till then.  The said  order dated 01.04.1995 reads as under:

"Admit.  
There will be status quo as of today.  In  order to see that this order is not violated,   the   District   Judge,   Surat   is   directed   to  appoint a Commissioner to see as to how such   construction   has   taken   place   on   the   land   in   question   and   which   shop   are   occupied   and  which   are   not   occupied   and   Report   will   be   submitted   to   this   Court   within   four   weeks  from today.
It is further directed that there shall  also   not   be   any   further   dealing   by   way   of  sale, transfer, mortgage, or in any other way  of   any   portion   of   the   land,   which   has   been  constructed upon by any party.



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                  C/FA/1084/1995                                         JUDGMENT



                      Direct service is permitted."


7. It  is  not  in  dispute  that   this  order  of  status  quo is continued and is operative till today.  Serious  dispute with respect to the breach of the status quo  came   up   before   this   Court   in   contempt   proceedings  where the allegations by the new trustees of the Trust  were   that   the   parties   had   expanded   the   construction  and   inducted   new   occupants.     We   are   not   directly  concerned   with   these   interim   proceedings.     We   may  however record that as per Commissioner's report dated  20.04.1995,   the   land   in   question   was   occupied   by   a  five floored constructed building which had 585 shops,  out of which, businesses were going on in 475 of them. 
8. Civil Application No.12447 of 2015 has been filed  by   one   City   Textile   Market   Association,   seeking  impleadment as an additional respondent.  The case of  the association is that its members are the occupiers  of the offices and shops constructed on the said plot  by the builder­one Gopal Dokania.   They were put in  possession between 1993 to 01.04.1995 before the order  of   status   quo   was   passed   by   the   Court.     The  association has 624 members.   Any order that may be  Page 6 of 29 HC-NIC Page 6 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT passed   in   the   present   appeal,   is   likely   to   affect  their rights and interest.  This Civil Application was  ordered   to   be   heard   along   with   the   First   Appeal.  Considering the fact that the order of status quo was  passed by this Court on 01.04.1995 i.e. more than four  years   after   the  District   Court  passed   a   compromise  decree on 05.12.1990, and in the meantime as per the  report   of   the   Commissioner,   substantial   construction  was already carried out, which was also occupied, we  grant the application for joining party.  The same is  allowed and disposed of.     
9. We   are   concerned   with   the   legality   of   the  judgment   and   decree   passed   by   the   District   Court  accepting the compromise entered into between some of  the plaintiffs and the defendant nos.1 to 13.  Learned  advocate Shri Manish Shah appeared for the Wakf Board  and raised following contentions:
I. The   compromise   was   opposed   to   the  requirements   of   Order   23,   Rule   3   of   the   Civil  Procedure   Code.     He   pointed   out   that   the  compromise pursis was signed by only four out of  7   plaintiffs   and   was   not   signed   by   Charity  Page 7 of 29 HC-NIC Page 7 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT Commissioner though he was defendant no.14. II. Permission   of   the   Charity   Commissioner   was  not   obtained   before   granting   longterm   lease   by  the trustees.  
III. The   Civil   Court   had   no   jurisdiction   to  accept   such   compromise   which   contained   granting  of longterm lease since the issue fell within the  exclusive   jurisdiction   of   the   Charity  Commissioner.  
IV. No   permission   of   the   Charity   Commissioner  was obtained before instituting the suit.    
10. Our   attention   was   drawn   to   the   judgment   of   the  Division   Bench   of   this   Court   in   case   of  Huseinmiya   Safimiya v. Habibsha Hasamsha Fakir reported in  1985   (2) GLR  928, in which it was observed that the sale  of immovable property belonging to a trust is void if  the   permission   of   the   Charity   Commissioner   is   not  obtained.
11. Reliance   was   placed   on   the   decision   in   case   of  Charity   Commissioner   Gujarat   State,   Ahmedabad   v.  

Rustom   Faramroz   Dabbo   and   others,   reported   in  AIR   Page 8 of 29 HC-NIC Page 8 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT 1979  (Guj)  168, in which, it was observed that when  the trustees were not having power to sell the Trust  land,   the   Civil   Court   could   not   have   invested   such  power in the trustees and the same could be done only  by the Charity Commissioner.  

12. Reliance   was   placed   on   the   case   of  Shree   Gollaleshwar   Dev   and   others   v.   Gangawwa   Kom   Shantayya  Math and others  reported in  AIR 1986 (SC)   231  to point out that the expression "persons having  interest   in   the   Trust"   used   in   section   50   would  include the trustees also.

13. Our attention was drawn to the case of  Kantaben   T.   Shah   &   Ors.   v.   Devendrakumar   C.   Shah   &   Ors.   reported   in  (2002)   2   GLR   1005,   in   support   of   the  contention that a compromise pursis must be signed by  all   parties   to   the   suit   and   a   decree   passed   on   the  strength of only by the lawyers is invalid.   For the  same   purpose,   reference  was   made  to  the   decision   in  case of Pushpa Devi Bhagat (Dead) through Lr. Sadhna   Rai   (Smt)   v.   Rajinder   Singh   and   others  reported   in  2006 (5) SCC 566. 





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                  C/FA/1084/1995                                           JUDGMENT



14. Learned   advocate   Shri   Karia   appeared   for   the  existing trustees of the Trust and submitted that the  old   trustees   who   were   the   plaintiffs   before   the  District Court, have either been removed or expired.  The present trustees are interested in ensuring that  the   loss   and   the   damage   caused   to   the   Trust   by   the  original   trustees,   to   the   extent   possible,   be  salvaged.  

15. Shri Mihir Thakore appeared for the newly added  parties   and   submitted   that   the   members   of   the  association are occupying the shops and offices from  1995.     When   they   acquired   such   properties   from   the  builder,   present   First   Appeal   was   not   even   filed.  These   occupants   were   naturally   not   aware   about   the  legality   of   the   decree   passed   by   the   trial   Court.  They   have   paid   full   purchase   price   to   the   builder.  They are thus, bona­fide purchasers for value without  notice.  Whatever be the legality of the judgment and  decree,   after   more   than   20   years,   it   would   be  inequitable   to   change   the   entire   possession   and   to  dispossess the occupants.  

16. We   may   peruse   the   material   on   record   more  Page 10 of 29 HC-NIC Page 10 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT closely.  As noted, the suit land is of the ownership  of the Trust.   On the premise that the suit land was  unauthorizedly   occupied   by   13   families,   the   Trust  through   its   the   then   existing   trustees   filed   Trust  Suit   No.1   of   1990  before   the   District   Court,   Surat,  seeking   eviction   of   the   unauthorized   occupants.  Shortly after filing the suit, four out of the seven  trustees of the Trust and the 13 defendants­occupants,  jointly presented a compromise pursis before the Court  on 04.12.1990.  

17. The   terms   of   this   compromise   pursis   are  important.     As   per   this   pursis,   the   defendants  admitted the Trust as the owner of the property.  The  Trust recognized the occupants as legal tenants.  The  Trust gave up its right to recover the possession. The  property   was   given   to   the   occupants   on   lease   for   a  period   of   31   years,   starting   from   the   date   of   the  decree.     Upon   completion   of   such   period,   the   lease  would   be   renewed   for   another   period   of   31   years   by  granting   escalation   in   rent   at   10%.     Such   renewal  could be made maximum for two terms so that the total  lease period would not exceed 93 years.  Monthly rent  was   fixed   at   Rs.22,000/­.     The   occupants   would   be  Page 11 of 29 HC-NIC Page 11 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT allowed to put up permanent construction and transfer  such   construction   on   sale   basis   for   which   no  permission   of   the   Trust   would   be   needed.     The  occupants   would   deposit   a   sum   of   Rs.1,51,000/­   with  the   Trust   which   would   be   retained   as   a   deposit   and  would   be   returned   at   the   end   of   the   lease   period  without interest.  

18. As noted, the District Court passed two separate  orders,   both   dated   05.12.1990.   In   first   such   order,  the Court held that the compromise was in the interest  of   the   Trust.     Having   so   held   and   declared,   the  learned   Judge   proceeded   to   pass   a   separate   order,  accepting   the   compromise   between   the   parties   and  drawing the decree in terms of such compromise.   In  the   process,   the   learned   Judge   committed   several  serious   legal   errors.     First   of   all,   the   compromise  pursis was signed only by four of the seven existing  trustees.     All   the   seven   trustees   were   plaintiffs  before the Trial Court.  Order 23 Rule 3 of the Civil  Procedure   Code   permits   the   Trial   Court   to   draw   the  decree in terms of a compromise.   This rule however,  requires that the agreement to the compromise should  be   in   writing   and   should   be   signed   by   the   parties. 



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                  C/FA/1084/1995                                           JUDGMENT



Quite  apart  from   the  compromise   not  being  signed   by  all   the   plaintiffs,   it   also   did   not   contain   the  signature of the Charity Commissioner though, he was a  defendant.   

19. We have noted the terms of the compromise, which  inter alia, recognized the occupants as legal tenants,  granted   lease   of   land   initially   for   a   period   of   31  years   to   be   renewed   twice   for   the   same   period   and  allowed the lessees to carry out construction and sell  the same without the permission of the Trust.   Under  no   circumstances,   the   Trust   could   have   granted   such  lease   without   the   permission   of   the   Charity  Commissioner, nor could the Civil Court have accepted  any   arrangement,   under   which,   such   lease   would   be  executed.   More fundamentally, the suit itself could  not have been instituted by the trustees without the  permission of the Charity Commissioner.  Our comments  are   based   on   the   following   statutory   provisions  contained in the Bombay Public Trust Act, 1950.

20. Sub­section   (1)   of   section   36   of   the   Bombay  Public Trust Act, 1950, provides that notwithstanding  anything   contained   in   the   instrument   of   trust,   no  Page 13 of 29 HC-NIC Page 13 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT sale,   mortgage,   exchange   or   gift   or   any   immovable  property and no lease for a period exceeding ten years  in case of agricultural land or exceeding three years  in case of non agricultural land or a building of a  public   trust   shall   be   valid   without   the   previous  sanction   of   the   Charity   Commissioner.   Under   sub­ section (2) of section 36, the decision of the Charity  Commissioner   under   sub­section   (1)   would   be  communicated to the trustees.   Under sub­section (3)  of section 36, the person aggrieved by such decision  could appeal to the Gujarat Revenue Tribunal.  As per  sub­section   (4)   of   section   36,   such   decision   shall,  subject to appeal under sub­section (3) be final.   20.07.17

21. Section   50   of   the   Bombay   Public   Trust   Act  pertains   to   suits   relating   to   public   trusts   and  requires that certain classes of suits consisting the  public   trust   can   be   instituted   by   the   Charity  Commissioner   after   making   such   inquiry   as   it   thinks  necessary or can be instituted by two or more persons  having interest in that trust after obtaining consent  in writing of the Charity Commissioner.   As provided  in section 50, the clauses covered in the said section  Page 14 of 29 HC-NIC Page 14 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT include  where  direction   is   required   to   recover   the  possession of the property belonging to a public trust  or   the   trustees   thereof   or   for   an   account   of   such  property or proceeds from any person including person  holding adversely to the public trust.

22. Section   51   lays   down   the   procedure   for   the  Charity Commissioner to grant consent to the persons  having   interest   in   any   public   trust   to   institute   a  suit.  Sub­section (1) thereof provides that if such a  person intended to file a suit of the nature specified  in   section   50,   he   shall   apply   to   the   Charity  Commissioner in writing for his consent. The Charity  Commissioner   after   hearing   the   parties   and   after  making   inquiry   as   he   may   think   fit,   may   grant   or  refuse   his   consent   to   the   institution   of   the   suit.  Under sub­section (2) of section 51, an order refusing  the consent would be appealable.   Sub­section (3) of  section 51 provides that in every suit filed by the  person interested in the Trust under section 50, the  Charity Commissioner shall be a necessary party.

23. Section   80   of   the   Bombay   Public   Trust   Act  pertains to bar of jurisdiction and provides that save  Page 15 of 29 HC-NIC Page 15 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT as expressly provided in the Act, no Civil Court shall  have jurisdiction to decide or deal with any question  which under the Act is to be decided or to be dealt  with by any officer or authority under the Act or in  respect   of   which,   the   decision   or   order   of   such  officer   or   authority   has   been   made   final   and  conclusive.

24. These   provisions   contained   in   the   Bombay   Public  Trust Act would therefore immediately demonstrate that  the Trust could not have instituted the suit without  the   consent  of  the   Charity  Commissioner.    The   Trust  can   also   not   have   leased   the   Trust   property   for   a  period   exceeding   three   years   without   the   previous  sanction   of   the   Charity   Commissioner.   In   terms   of  section 51; the Charity Commissioner being a necessary  party to the suit instituted by the Trust, he was by  virtue of the said provision as well as by virtue of  the provisions contained in section 36 of the Bombay  Public   Trust   Act,   most   vitally   interested   person   in  approving   or   disapproving   the   compromise   formula  between the Trust and the occupants of the Trust land.  We   may   recall,   under   such   agreement,   the   plaintiffs  accepted   the   defendant   nos.1   to   13   as  encroachers  Page 16 of 29 HC-NIC Page 16 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT since   long   and   regularized   their   occupation   by  accepting them as lessees and giving up the prayer for  their   eviction.   In   essence,   the   plaintiffs   were  granting longterm lease to the occupants of the land  which could be done only with the previous sanction of  the Charity Commissioner as provided under section 36.

25. Jettisoning   all   these   important   and   mandatory  requirements,   the   plaintiffs   no.1   to   4   and   the  defendants no.1 to 13 executed a consent deed.   More  disturbingly, the learned District Judge accepted such  consent formula by recording one line reason that he  was satisfied that the same was in the interest of the  Trust.  For coming to such conclusion, no reasons have  been cited. Requirement of the consent of the Charity  Commissioner  before   institution   of   the   suit   was  ignored.     The   requirement   of   the   sanction   by   the  Charity   Commissioner   before   allowing   the   Trust   to  lease its property for a period more than three years  was   also   ignored.     The   learned   Judge   rather  disturbingly,   did   not   even   notice   that   under   this  compromise,   the   Trust   had   given   wide   powers   to   the  occupants   to   enjoy   the   possession   of  the   land  initially for a period of 31 years, which lease period  Page 17 of 29 HC-NIC Page 17 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT could   be   renewed   twice   by   the   same   period.     In   the  meantime,   the   lessees   could   put   up   a   permanent  construction and even sell such construction.   We do  not understand how such an arrangement could be stated  to be in the interest of the Trust.  In exchange, the  occupants   would   pay   a   paltry   sum   of   Rs.22000/­   per  month by way of lease rent.  The learned Judge did not  even examine the truthfulness of the allegation that  the defendants no.1 to 13 were occupying the land in  question since long.   Merely because the trustees of  the Trust and the said defendants jointly made such a  statement   before   the  Court,   the   same   should   not  and  ought not to have been accepted.   This is not a case  where a private individual as a plaintiff was trying  to protect his interest in the suit.  This is a case  where   the   trustees   of   a   Trust   were   litigating   with  respect   to   the   Trust   property   which   litigation   was  instituted   without   the   consent   of   the   Charity  Commissioner.  It is because of these reasons that the  Bombay Public Trust Act has made detailed provisions  to safeguard the properties and interest of the Trust.  Ignoring   all   such   statutory   provisions   and   factual  aspects,   the   learned   Judge   put   his   seal   on   the  Page 18 of 29 HC-NIC Page 18 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT compromise which was wholly impermissible, was against  the   statutory   provisions   and  ex­facie  against   the  interest   of   the   Trust.     We   have   no   hesitation   in  holding   that   the   trustees   of   the   Trust   who   were  plaintiffs   no.1   to   4   and   the   defendants   no.1   to   13  acted   illegally   and  mala­fide.     Their   connivance   is  writ large on the face of the record, which resulted  into   serious   loss   to   the   Trust   property.     Valuable  land  admeasuring   7105   sq.mtrs.   situated   then   in   the  outskirts of the city of Surat, but which by then was  part of a Town Planning Scheme, was fritted away for a  paltry   sum.     It   is   not   difficult   to   imagine   the  reasons and the consideration for the same.  

26. The   materials   on   record   present   further  disturbing   features.   Through   series   of   Civil  Applications and contempt proceedings, it has come on  record that soon after this arrangement was made and  the   District   Court   without   waiting   a   second's   time,  approved this on 05.12.1990,   the defendants no.1 to  13 gave a power of attorney to the builder/developer  on 14.02.1992.  Under such power of attorney, all the  defendants   granted   full   rights   to   the   developer­  Gopalkumar Dokania to put up commercial construction  Page 19 of 29 HC-NIC Page 19 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT on such land, and to sell such completed construction.  It was pursuant to this power of attorney that said  Gopalkumar   Dokania   carried   out   the   construction   and  also sold large number of shops and offices.

27. The   manner   in   which   the   entire   transaction   was  carried   out,   gives   a   strong  prima­facie  impression  that this could not have been the handy work of the  original defendants no.1 to 13 who were shown to be  poor hutment dwellers and they had some more powerful  and   resourceful   persons   behind   the   scene.   The  involvement of said Gopalkumar Dokania on record seen  after   the   passing   of   the   decree   by   the   Trial   Court  would further give reason to believe that it was he  who could have from the beginning been such an agency  behind the scene.  At any rate, when the said power of  attorney   was   being   executed   in   February,   1992,   said  Shri Gopalkumar Dokania would certainly have examined  the background under which the defendants no.1 to 13  got   the   occupancy   rights.   These   observations   would  have   some   bearing   on   the   final   directions   that   we  propose to issue which would be clear hereafter.  

28. Having noted and recorded our full disapproval to  Page 20 of 29 HC-NIC Page 20 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT the manner in which the decree was obtained from the  District  Court,   a  serious   question   arose   as   to   what  would   be   the   efficacy   of   simply   setting   aside   the  decree.     The   question   is,   is   it   not   a   case   where  moulding   the   relief   would   be   needed.     This   is   so  because   the   decree   was   passed   way   back   in   the   year  1990.  The First Appeal was filed in the year 1995 and  in   the   meantime   five   flooried   building   had   been  constructed   which   contained   more   than   500   shops   and  offices,  of  which,   nearly   485  were   occupied.     Since  then units may have been exchanged between the shops  and office owners/occupiers.  More than 22 years have  passed since this Court for the first time in the year  1995   took   stock   of   the   ground   realities.     We   are  informed that large number of shops and office owners  and occupants are carrying on their small and medium  business from their respective premises since long.  

29. If we simply set aside the decree and annul the  consent terms between the original plaintiffs and the  defendant nos.1 to 13, the direct effect of the same  would be that all parties would be put back at a stage  before the compromise was executed.   In other words,  there   would   be   no   lease   in   favour   of   the   original  Page 21 of 29 HC-NIC Page 21 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT occupants, there would be no valid authority in favour  of   the   developer   to   put   up   the   construction   and  consequentially   the   entire   construction   and   the  occupation of the owners, occupiers would be rendered  illegal.     Learned   advocates   for   the   opponents   have  therefore   suggested   to   us   not   to   bring   about   such  drastic   result   and   instead,   suggested   measures   to  compensate the loss to the Trust.  

30. We   have   taken   into   account   various   factors  principally being;

A. After   passing   of   the   decree   on   05.12.1990,  the First Appeal was filed by the Commissioner,  of   course,   since   he   was   not   aware   about   the  decree before, in the year 1995.  

B. This   Court   granted   order   of   status   quo   on  01.04.1995, by which, time as per the report of  the Commissioner, construction of five floors was  already   completed   which   contained   585   shops   and  offices, of which, 475 were already occupied.   C. These occupants would have paid the purchase  price, perhaps not fully aware about the defect  of the title.



                                       Page 22 of 29

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                  C/FA/1084/1995                                           JUDGMENT




              D.      Even after this Court granted status quo in 

              1995, 22 more years have passed.


              E.      The original builder Gopalkumar Dokania and 

the City Textile Market Association have offered  to compensate the Trust for its loss.  

31. Under the circumstances, instead of setting aside  the decree of the Trial Court, we propose to mould the  relief by directing the shop owners' association and  the   developer   Gopalkumar   Dokania   to   compensate   the  Trust   suitably.     For   arriving   at   the   appropriate  figure, we had heard learned advocates for the parties  at   considerable   length.     It   was   pointed   out   that  prevailing   jantri   rate   for   the   land   in   question   is  Rs.37,250/­   per   sq.mtrs.     However,   the  jantri   rates  are only for the purpose of collecting stamp duty and  tend to be conservative.   The real  market rate would  be   much   higher.     We   are   informed   that   out   of   7105  sq.mtrs. of land, some portion is occupied by a mosque  and   the   commercial   building   is   situated   on   the   land  admeasuring about 6500 sq. mtrs.

32. We do not propose to compensate the Trust at the  Page 23 of 29 HC-NIC Page 23 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT rate of market value of the land presently prevailing.  This would be wholly inequitable since the benefit of  price escalation during the entire period of 1995 till  2017 cannot result in the benefit to the Trust.   At  the same time, we cannot also adopt the market rate of  the   year   1990   to   be   paid   over   to   the   Trust   with  interest. The formula for reimbursement would have to  be   some   sort   of   mean   between   the   two.     Considering  such factors, we would fix a sum of Rs.20 crores to be  paid to the Trust in lieu of setting aside the decree  of the Trial Court. For arriving at such figure, we  have   also   broadly   kept   in   mind   the   approximate  constructed   area   of   shops   and   offices   and   the  prevailing   market   rate   for   such   constructed   area.  Considering more than 600 shop owners and occupiers,  this figure would come to approximately Rs.3 lakhs per  person of additional burden.  

33. Out of the said sum, 10% would be borne by the  developer   Gopal   Dokania.     Advocate   Shri   Rashesh  Sanjanwala for him stated that Shri Dokania is willing  to bear such burden and deposit the amount before the  Court   in   installments.       He   also   assured   that   an  affidavit   containing   his   undertaking   to   this   effect  Page 24 of 29 HC-NIC Page 24 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT would be filed by Shri Dokania in couple of days.  We  have   therefore   proceeded   on   the   basis   that   Shri  Dokania has invited these directions.  

34. We have proceeded on the basis of such assurance  and anticipation of such undertaking being filed.  In  absence   of   such   cooperation   by   Shri  Dokania,  we  had  the full mind of directing registering of an FIR and  investigation by the police authorities to investigate  into   the   circumstances   under   which   such   deal   was  executed and the role of different parties including  that of the developer, if any.  Since we have acted on  the basis of the assurance and the undertaking of Shri  Dokania,   in   case   of   breach   of   such   assurance   and  undertaking,   he   would   expose   himself   to   contempt  proceedings.

35. While   bring   about   this   arrangement,   we   cannot  lose sight of the fact that the erstwhile trustees of  the   Trust   have   acted   in   most   improper   and   illegal  manner.     When   such   sizable   amount   is   now   likely   to  flow in favour of Trust, we would like to provide some  safeguards   so   that   the   Trust   property   may   not   be  wasted or used for private purposes.  




                                      Page 25 of 29

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                    C/FA/1084/1995                                              JUDGMENT




36. Under   the   circumstances,   the   First   Appeal   is  disposed of with following directions.

I. City  Textile  Market Association shall pay  to the Trust a total sum of Rs.18 crores in  following manner.

(i) A   sum   of   Rs.5   crores   to   be   deposited  latest by 10.08.2017.
(ii) Thereafter, a sum of Rs.2 crores to be  deposited  every  month  on  or  before   the  10th  of the month.
(iii) This arrangement will continue till  the   total   sum   of   Rs.18   crores   is   deposited  by   the   association.     Necessarily,   the   last  installment would be of Rs.1 crore. 
(iv) All these deposits shall be made in the  Registry of the High Court.

II. Shri Gopal Dokania shall pay to the Trust a  sum   of   Rs.2   crores   to   be   deposited   in   the  following manner.

(i) A   sum   of   Rs.50   lakhs   to   be   deposited  latest by 10th August, 2017.  
(ii) Thereafter an amount of Rs.20 lakhs to  be deposited by the 10th  of every month till  Page 26 of 29 HC-NIC Page 26 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT the total deposit reaches Rs.2 crores.
(iii)All these deposits shall be made before  the Registry of the High Court.  

III. As and when the amounts are deposited by the  respective   parties,   the   Registry   shall   transfer  to   the   Trust   with   an   intimation   to   the   Wakf  Board.     Upon   receipt   of   such   amount,   the   Trust  shall   not   use   the   same   for   any   purpose,   but  invest   in   a   fixed   deposit   in   any   nationalized  bank   for   a   period   of   10   years.     The   interest  accruing   on   such   fixed   deposits   would   be  periodically received by the Trust and shall be  used   only   for   the   purpose   of  the   Trust   and   not  for   the   purpose   of   any   of   the  Mutavalies/trustees.  The said amount or any part  thereof shall not be paid treating as income of  the   Trust.     In   case   either   the   association   or  Shri   Dokania   fails   to   deposit   the   amounts   as  directed   above,   and   either   the   association   or  Shri   Dokania   fails   to   deposit   any   two  installments or in any manner to deposit the full  amount   as   directed   above,   it   would   be   open   for  the Trust or the Wakf Board to bring such facts  Page 27 of 29 HC-NIC Page 27 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT to   the   notice   of   the   Court   who   shall   after  hearing the concerned parties, recall this order  and   shall   pass   further   order   and   consequential  directions.   Additionally, Shri Dokania shall be  treated   to   have   committed   contempt   of   Court   by  breaching the undertaking. 

IV. It   will   be   the   duty   of   the   Wakf   Board   to  ensure   that   these   directions   of   investing   the  amounts   in   the   FDs   and   utilization   of   the  interest   for   the   purpose   of   Trust   alone   are  properly carried out.  

V. At   the   end   of   the   period   of   10   years,   the  amount will be paid over to the Trust.  However,  again with the same covenant that the amount will  be   used   only   for   the   purpose   of   Trust   and   no  other.   

VI. City textile market association shall pay a  cost of Rs.50,000/­ to the Wakf Board.    

37. Subject   to   above   directions,   the   decree   of   the  Trial Court is not disturbed.  First Appeal and Civil  Application   are   disposed   of   accordingly.     R   &   P   be  Page 28 of 29 HC-NIC Page 28 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017 C/FA/1084/1995 JUDGMENT transmitted back to the concerned Trial Court.   

(AKIL KURESHI, J.) (BIREN VAISHNAV, J.) ANKIT Page 29 of 29 HC-NIC Page 29 of 29 Created On Mon Aug 21 00:23:56 IST 2017