State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
Kazi Mohammad Ansari vs Mp Corporation Through Commissioner on 15 September, 2016
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ekuuh; Jh Mh- ds- iksn~nkj] lnL;-
ekuuh; Jh ujsanz xqIrk] lnL;-
i{kdkjksa ds vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ Lor%A mRrjoknh dh vksj ls Jh oh- fot; jko] vf/koDrkA vkns'k fnukad% 15@09@2016 }kjk%&ekuuh; U;k;ewfrZ Jh vkj- ,l- 'kekZ] v/;{k vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us ;g vihy /kkjk&15 miHkksDrk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1986] ds varxZr ftyk miHkksDrk fookn izfrrks"k.k Qksje] fcykliqj ¼N-x-½ ¼ftls vkxs laf{kIr esa ^^ftyk Qksje** lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds ifjokn izdj.k dzekad&44@2015 dkth eksfgmn~nhu valkjh fo:} uxj fuxe fcykliqj }kjk vk;qDr esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad&26-03- 2016 ftlds }kjk vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh ds ifjokn dks fujLr fd;k x;k gS] ls nqf[kr gksdj izLrqr fd;k gSA 02- vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dk ifjokn ftyk Qksje ds le{k laf{kIr esa bl izdkj jgk gS fd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us mRrjoknh@vukosnd ls uy dusD'ku izkIr fd;k Fkk tks lM+d fuekZ.k ds le; flracj 2013 rd // 2 // ckf/kr jgh fQj Hkh mRrjoknh@vukosnd }kjk xyr fcy iznku fd;k x;k ,oa dksbZ ys[kk&tks[kk ugha j[kk x;kA mDr laca/k esa vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk egkikSj ls laidZ fd;k x;k rFkk fnukad&27-03- 2012 ,oa fnukad&14-12-2013 dks fyf[kr f'kdk;r fd;k x;k mlds ckn Hkh mRrjoknh@vukosnd }kjk f'kdk;r dk fujkdj.k ugha fd;k x;k ftlds dkj.k vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dks ;g ifjokn ykus dh vko';drk iM+h gSA vr% ifjokn&i= esa of.kZr vuqlkj vuqrks"k fnykbZ tkosA 03- mRrjoknh@vukosnd dh vksj ls ftyk Qksje ds le{k fyf[kr dFku izLrqr djrs gq, ;g vfHkopu fd;k x;k gS fd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk tku&cw>dj ty dj mRrjoknh@vukosnd laLFkk esa tek ugha fd;k tk jgk gS vkSj ty dj dh cdk;k jkf'k&18]125@&¼vV~Bkjg gtkj ,d lkS iPphl :Ik;s½ dh vnk;xh ls cpus ds fy, ;g ifjokn izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA vr% vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dk ifjokn lO;; fujLr fd;k tkosA 04- vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dh vksj ls vius i{k leFkZu esa ftyk Qksje ds le{k vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk mRrjoknh@vukosnd dk izsf"kr i= fnukad&27-03-2012 ,oa 14-12-2013 rFkk dk;kZy; uxj ikfyd fuxe] fcykliqj }kjk iznRr fooj.k fnukad&22-03-1978 dh QksVks dkih izLrqr fd;k gSA 05- mHk;i{k }kjk izLrqr vfHkopu ,oa nLrkosth lk{;ksa ds ifj'khyu Ik'pkr~ ftyk Qksje us vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh ds ifjokn dks fujLr fd;k gS ftlds fo:} ;g vihy gSA 06- vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dh vksj ls ,d vkosnu&i= vihyh; voLFkk esa vfrfjDr nLrkost vfHkys[k esa fy;s tkus gsrq izLrqr fd;k gSA mDr vkosnu&i= ds lkFk vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us mlds }kjk vk;qDr] uxj // 3 // ikfyd fuxe] fcykliqj dk izsf"kr i= fnukad&19-05-2016 ,oa 23-05- 2016 dks izLrqr djuk pkgk gSA 07- vkosnu&i= ij mHk;i{k dks lquk x;kA 08- vkosnu&i= ij fopkj fd;k x;kA 09- ftyk Qksje us vkyksP; vkns'k fnukad&26-03-2016 dks ikfjr fd;k gS tcfd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us tks nLrkost izLrqr djuk pkgk gS og ftyk Qksje }kjk ikfjr vkns'k ds ckn dk gS rFkk vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us vius ifjokn&i= esa ikuh fcy dk iqu% fu/kkZj.k fd;s tkus dk vuqrks"k pkgk gS vkSj mls ns[krs gq, tks i= vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk vihyh; voLFkk esa izLrqr djuk pkgk tk jgk gS og izdj.k ds mfpr U;k; fu.kZ;u ds fy, vko';d ugha gS vkSj uk gh vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk vius vkosnu&i= esa mDr nksuksa nLrkost D;ksa vko';d gS] bl laca/k esa dksbZ dkj.k nf'kZr ugha fd;k gS tcfd vkns'k&41 fu;e&27 lh- ih- lh- esa ;g izko/kku gS fd%& **27- vihy U;k;ky; esa vfrfjDr lk{; dk is'k fd;k tkuk& ¼1½ vihy ds i{kdkj vihy U;k;ky; esa vfrfjDr lk{; pkgs og ekSf[kd gks ;k nLrkosth] is'k djus ds gdnkj ugha gksaxs fdUrq] ;fn& ¼d½ ml U;k;ky; us ftldh fMdzh dh vihy dh xbZ gS] ,slk lk{; xzg.k djus ls badkj dj fn;k gS tks xzg.k fd;k tkuk pkfg, Fkk] vFkok [¼dd½ og i{kdkj tks vfrfjDr lk{; is'k djuk pkgrk gS ;g fln~/k dj nsrk gS fd og lE;d~ rRijrk dk iz;ksx djus ds ckotwn ,sls lk{; dh tkudkjh ugha j[krk Fkk ;k mls ml le;
// 4 // is'k ugha dj ldrk Fkk tc og fMdzh ikfjr dh xbZ Fkh ftlds fo:n~/k vihy dh xbZ gS] vFkok] ¼[k½ vihy U;k;ky; fdlh nLrkost ds is'k fd, tkus dh ;k fdlh lk{kh dks ijh{kk dh tkus dh vis{kk ;k rks Lo;a fu.kZ; lqukus esa leFkZ gksus ds fy, ;k fdlh vU; lkjoku gsrq ds fy, djs] Rkks vihy U;k;ky; ,sls lk{; dk fy;k tkuk ;k nLrkost dk is'k fd;k tkuk ;k lk{kh dh ijh{kk dk fd;k tkuk vuqKkr dj ldsxkA ¼2½ tgka dgha vfrfjDr lk{; is'k djus ds fy, vihy U;k;ky; vuqKk ns nsrk gS ogka U;k;ky; ,sls lk{; ds xzg.k fd, tkus ds dkj.kksa dks ys[kcn~/k djsxkA** 10- mijksDr ifjfLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk izLrqr vkosnu&i= Lohdkj ;ksX; ugha gSA vr% vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk izLrqr vkosnu&i= fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA 11- tgka rd xq.k&nks"k dk laca/k gS] vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dk ;g rdZ gS fd ftyk Qksje dk vkns'k =qfViw.kZ gS rFkk rF;ksa ,oa fof/k ds foijhr gSA mRrjoknh@vukosnd us vR;f/kd foyac ls fyf[kr dFku izLrqr fd;k gS tcfd fu/kkZfjr vof/k ds ckn fyf[kr dFku Lohdkj ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg, FkkA mRrjoknh@vukosnd }kjk fyf[kr dFku nks o"kZ ds Ik'pkr~ izLrqr fd;k x;k gS vkSj ftyk Qksje us mls Lohdkj fd;k gS tks fd =qfViw.kZ gSA ftyk Qksje us bl rF; dks /;ku esa ugha fn;k gS fd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dks iwoZ esa 2013 ds iwoZ dk dksbZ Hkh fcy iznku ugha fd;k x;k gS vkSj ,deq'r fcy tkjh dj fn;k x;k gS] blfy, mRrjoknh@vukosnd }kjk tks fcy tkjh fd;k x;k gS og =qfViw.kZ gS vkSj fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS] ijUrq ftyk Qksje us bu rF;ksa dks /;ku // 5 // ugha fn;k gSA vr% vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dh vihy Lohdkj fd;k tkos vkSj ftyk Qksje }kjk ikfjr vkyksP; vkns'k vikLr fd;k tkosA vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dh vksj ls Om Prakash Gupta Vs. Union Of India and another AIR 2000 Supreme Court 3585 dk voyacu fy;k gSA 12- mRrjoknh@vukosnd dh vksj ls milatkr gksus okys fo}ku vf/koDrk Jh oh- fot; jko dk ;g rdZ gS fd ftyk Qksje dk vkns'k iw.kZr% fof/k lEer gSA vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh **miHkksDrk** ugha gSA uxj ikfyd fuxe us tydj dh ekax fd;k gS vkSj dj olwyh uxj ikfyd fuxe dk lafof/kd vf/kdkj gS vkSj vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dks tks uy dusD'ku fn;k x;k gS mldk dj fy;k tk jgk gS] og lsok dh ifjHkk"kk esa ugha vkrk gS vkSj blfy, vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh **miHkksDrk** ugha gSA vr% vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dh vihy fujLr fd;k tkos vkSj ftyk Qksje }kjk ikfjr vkns'k ;Fkkor~ j[kk tkosA 13- geus vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh ,oa mRrjoknh@vukosnd ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk rdZ Jo.k fd;k rFkk ftyk Qksje ds vfHkys[k ,oa vkyksP; vkns'k dk Hkh ifj'khyu fd;k x;kA 14- vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us ;g vk{ksfir fd;k gS fd mRrjoknh@vukosnd }kjk vR;f/kd foyac ls fyf[kr dFku izLrqr fd;k x;k gS tks fd fu/kkZfjr vof/k ds ckn yxHkx Ms<+ lky ckn izLrqr fd;k x;k gS blfy, og i<+us ;ksX; ugha gSA vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dk mDr rdZ Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA 15- ftyk Qksje ds vfHkys[k dks ns[kk x;kA fnukad&04-04-2015 dks mRrjoknh@vukosnd dh vksj ls Jh oh- fot; jko vf/koDrk mifLFkr gq, Fks vkSj odkyrukek is'k fd;k Fkk vkSj mls fnukad&11-05-2015 dh frfFk fyf[kr dFku izLrqr djus gsrq fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj bl izdkj // 6 // fyf[kr dFku gsrq le; fn;k tkrk jgk gS vkSj fnukad&03-09-2015 dks fyf[kr dFku izLrqr fd;k x;k gS vkSj ml fnu dksje ds vHkko esa frfFk c<+kbZ xbZ Fkh] ijUrq vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk fyf[kr dFku izLrqr djrs le; fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ vkifRr ugha fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj fcuk vkifRr ds fyf[kr dFku vfHkys[k esa fy;k x;k Fkk vkSj pwafd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk fyf[kr dFku fy;s tkus esa ftyk Qksje ds le{k dksbZ vkifRr ugha fd;k Fkk vkSj uk gh mlds fo:} fdlh izdkj dk dksbZ vihy ;k iqujh{k.k ;kfpdk izLrqr fd;k FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa vc vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh ;g vk{ksfir ugha dj ldrk fd ftyk Qksje us fu/kkZfjr vof/k ds Ik'pkr~ fyf[kr dFku dks vfHkys[k esa ysdj =qfV dkfjr fd;k gS vkSj dsoy bl vk/kkj ij fd fu/kkZfjr vof/k esa fyf[kr dFku izLrqr ugha gqvk gS] mRrjoknh@vukosnd ds fyf[kr dFku dks R;Dr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh us ftl U;k; n`"Vkar dk voyacu fy;k gS] mldk ykHk mls ugha feyrk gSA 16- ;g vfookfnr gS fd mRrjoknh@vukosnd uxj ikfyd fuxe gS rFkk ty iznk; djuk uxj ikfyd fuxe dk lafof/kd drZO; gS vkSj mlh lafof/kd drZO; ds ikyu esa vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dks uy dusD'ku iznku fd;k x;k gS] ijUrq vc ;g ns[kuk gS fd D;k dsoy uy dusD'ku iznk; dj nsus ls vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh **miHkksDrk** dh ifjHkk"kk ds varxZr gS\ 17- Hindu Religious Endowments, Madras vs. Sri Lakshmindra Thirtha Swamiar of Sri Shirur Mutt, A.I.R. 1954 S.C. 282, esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%& "a tax is compulsory extraction of money by public authority for public purposes enforceable by law and is not payment for service rendered."
// 7 //
18. Sreenivasa General Traders And Others vs. State of Andhra Pradesh And Others, (1983) 4 S.C.C. 353, esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%& "31. .............. The distinction between a tax and a fee lies primarily in the fact that a tax is levied as part of a common burden, while a fee is for payment of a specific benefit or privilege although the special advantage is secondary to the primary motive of regulation in public interest, if the element of revenue for general purpose of the State pre-dominates, the levy becomes a tax. In regard to fees, there is, and must always be, correlation between the fee collected and the service intended to be rendered. In determining whether a levy is a fee, the true test must be whether its primary and essential purpose is to render specific services to a specified area or class; it may be of no consequence that the State may ultimately and indirectly be benefitted by it. The power of any legislature to levy a fee is conditioned by the fact that it must be "by and large" a quid pro quo for the services rendered. However, correlationship between the levy and the services rendered (sic or) expected is one of general character and not of mathematical exactitude. All that is necessary is that there should be a "reasonable relationship" between the levy of the fee and the services rendered. If authority is needed for this proposition, it is to be found in the several decisions of this Court drawing a distinction between a 'tax' and a 'fee'..."
19. Southern Pharmaceuticals and Chemicals, Trichur v. State of Kerala and Ors. (1981) 4 SCC 391, esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%& "Fees are the amounts paid for a privilege, and are not an obligation, but the payment is voluntary. Fees are distinguished from taxes in that the chief purpose of a tax is to raise funds for the support of the Government or for a public purpose, while a fee may be charged for // 8 // the privilege or benefit conferred or service rendered to meet the expenses connected therewith. Thus, fees are nothing but payment for some special privilege granted or service rendered."
20. K. Thillainayakam vs. Commissioner, Madurai City Municipal Corporation, 2004 CTJ 117 (Madras High Court) (CP), esa ekuuh; enzkl mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd%& "13. In this connection, reliance was placed on the judgment in the case of Lucknow Development Authority v. M.K. Gupta, 1993 CTJ 929 (SC) (CP) = III (1993) CPJ 7 (SC) = (1994) IL W 10 wherein it has been observed as follows :-
"The provisions of the Act thus have to be construed in favour of the consumer to achieve the purpose of enactment as it is a social benefit oriented legislation... The term 'service' has variety of meanings. It may be contractual, professional, public, domestic, legal, statutory, etc. The concept of service thus is very wide..... Clause (o) of the definition Section which defines it is in three parts. The main part is followed by inclusive clause and ends by exclusionary clause. The main clause itself is very wide. It applies to any service made available to potential users... The word 'potential' is again very wide... In absence of any indication, express or implied, there is no reason to hold that authorities created by the Statute are beyond purview of the Act... No distinction can be drawn between private and public transport or Insurance Companies... The intention is thus clear to protect a consumer against services rendered even by statutory bodies. The test, therefore, is not if a person against whom complaint is made is a statutory body but whether the nature of the duty and function performed by it is service or even facility... Construction of a house or flat is for the benefit of persons for whom it is // 9 // constructed. When a statutory authority develops land or allots a site or constructs a house for the benefit of common man it is as such service as by a builder or contractor... Any defect in the construction activity would be denial of comfort and service to a consumer... The law has always maintained that the public authorities who are entrusted with statutory function cannot act negligently. Under our Constitution sovereignty vests in the people. Every limb of the constitutional machinery is obliged to be people oriented. No functionary in exercise of statutory power can claim immunity, except to the extent protected by the statute itself... The provision enables a consumer to claim and empowers the Commission to redress any injustice done to him.
14. With due respect to the above observations, again what now I want to see is as to whether the revision petitioner is a consumer ?, and only if he comes under that purview, the observations will hold good.
15. .............
16. .............. Thus, the Corporation is a machinery in preventing evasion of the obligations enshrined in the rules. It in this view the duty of the Corporation does not amount to a service rendered to the individual. Therefore, the revision petitioner cannot be construed as a consumer and the State Forum has rightly passed the orders."
21- mijksDr U;k; n`"Vkarksa ds ifjizs{; esa ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh }kjk izfrQy ds cnys esa dksbZ lsok izkIr ugha fd;k x;k gS rFkk vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh vkSj mRrjoknh@vukosnd ds e/; dksbZ lsok lafonk ugha gS vkSj blfy, vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh **miHkksDrk** dh ifjf/k esa ugha vkrk gS vkSj miHkksDrk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1986] ds izko/kku ds varxZr vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh] uxj ikfyd fuxe ls fdlh izdkj dk // 10 // vuqrks"k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gS vkSj blfy, vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dk ifjokn Hkh la/kkj.kh; ugha gSA gkykafd ftyk Qksje us **miHkksDrk** ds laca/k esa dksbZ vkns'k ikfjr ugha fd;k gS vkSj ftyk Qksje us vius vkyksP; vkns'k dh dafMdk&8 esa ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd%& **8- bl izdkj vkosnd dk ifjokn eq[; :Ik ls lM+d fuekZ.k ds le; ty lsok ckf/kr gksus ds laca/k esa gS fdarq vkosnd vius ifjokn ;g Li"V ugha fd;k gS fd lM+d fuekZ.k ds le; ty lsok dc ls dc rd ckf/kr jghA ;g Hkh Li"V ugha fd;k gS fd mlds }kjk vukosnd ls uy dusD'ku dc fy;k x;k Fkk rFkk fiNyk dksbZ Hkqxrku cdk;k gS vFkok ugha] bl laca/k esa vkosnd dk ifjokn ewd gSA** ijUrq xq.k&nks"k ij x, fcuk gh ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh **miHkksDrk** ugha gS vkSj blfy, vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dk ifjokn miHkksDrk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1986] dh /kkjk&2 ¼1½ ¼Mh½ dh ifjf/k esa la/kkj.kh; ugha gS vkSj vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh ftyk Qksje ls dksbZ vuqrks"k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA 22- vr% vihykFkhZ@ifjoknh dh vihy lkjghu gksus ls fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA ifj.kker% ifjokn Hkh fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA bl vihy dk O;; i{kdkj viuk&viuk ogu djsaxsA ¼U;k;ewfrZ vkj-,l-'kekZ½ ¼lqJh fguk BDdj½ ¼Mh- ds- iksn~nkj½ ¼ujsanz xqIrk½ v/;{k lnL;k lnL; lnL;
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