Allahabad High Court
Km. Maxey Charan vs Rohilkhand University, Bareilly And ... on 30 July, 1991
Equivalent citations: AIR1992ALL122, AIR 1992 ALLAHABAD 122, (1991) 18 ALL LR 403 (1991) ALL WC 269, (1991) ALL WC 269
ORDER
1. The petitioner challenges the order dated 27-11-1984. Her results of the examination of B.A. part II and LL.B.I year have been cancelled. She also challenges the resolution of the Examination Committee dated 20-5-1986, The facts giving rise to the filing of this petition may be put in brief compass.
2. The petitioner is said to have appeared in B.A. Part I examination from Bareilly College, which is affiliated to Rohilkhand University. Her roll number was 45455. She was declared successful. In 1983 the petitioner appeared in B.A. Part II examination and she was declared successful and is said to have passed the said examination in III Divison. In 1984 the petitioner is said to have appeared in LL.B.I year examination. However, she failed and sought permission to appear in the supplementary examination. On 27-11-1984 the Assistant Registrar (Confidential) of the respondent No. 1 informed the petitioner that she had failed in B.A. Part I examination, therefore, her result of B.A. Part II examination of 1983 has been cancelled and also the result of her LL.B.I. year examination has been cancelled. On receipt of this information the petitioner is said to have given a detailed reply to the Registrar (Exam) of the respondent No. 1. She did not receive any reply and is said to have sent a reminder also. However, a letter dated 20-7-1986 was sent to the petitioner by the Assistant Registrar (Confidential) of the respondent No. 1 informing her of the resolution dated 20-5-1986 of the Examination Committee. She was informed that she had been found guilty on the basis of the records of the Confidential Department, which were available by that time with the authorities.
3. The petitioner's case is that she was not given any opportunity of being heard and without mentioning any reason she was punished in violation of the principles of natural justice. No enquiry was held against the petitioner nor was she asked to explain her position. The impugned order of cancellation of results is said to be non-speaking. The belated action of the University was bad in law. The Examination Committee also had committed an error by attributing any guilt to the petitioner. After four years from the passing of B.A. Part I examination the action seems to have been taken against the petitioner for no fault of her. The petitioner was permitted to appear in B.A. Part II and LL.B. 1st year Examinations. The University has treated the petitioner as a successful candidate in B.A. part II and permitted to take examination in LL.B.I. year. Therefore, she could not be debarred from pursuing her studies. The University was estopped from cancelling the results of the examinations of the petitioner in the year 1986. The Examina-
tion Committee does not seem to have considered the full facts. The petitioner approached the University authorities, who advised her to approach the Court of law.
4. Counter affidavit has been filed by the respondents. It is stated that the petitioner appeared in B.A. Part I examination but had failed in the said examination because she could not secure pass marks in Hindi Literature papers. She is said to have secured 19 plus 09 = 28 marks in the said papers. In the marksheet, which was issued to the petitioner, she is shown to have secured 19 plus 1.9. However, the clerk preparing the marks has scribed 19 plus 19 marks in the said Hindi Literature papers, which come to 38 marks whereas she got only 28 marks. Photostat copy of the marksheet of B.A. Part I is placed on record as Annexure t to the counter affidavit. On the basis of the marksheet issued to the petitioner she obtained admission in B.A. Part II. She appeared in B.A. Part II examination and was declared successful. While preparing the degree the total marks of B.A. Part I and B.A. Part II are complied from the original record. It was at that stage that the University discovered that the petitioner had failed. It is contended that the petitioner could appear in the future examination only after she cleared B.A. Part I, which she did not clear. As the petitioner had failed she could not be declared to have passed. It is stated that on the basis of false marksheet she obtained admission in B.A. Part II and LL.B. I year.
5. In her rejoinder affidavit the petitioner asserts that she secured 38 marks in Hindi Literature papers and not 28 mars as asserted by the respondents. The petitioner has submitted that the examination Committee did not consider the records of the University and its decision was erroneous. The marksheet was issued by the University, therefore, it could not be said to be wrong after a lapse of a considerable period. The petitioner had no hand in preparing and issuing the marksheet. All other assertions made in the counter-affidavit affecting the petitioner are denied.
6. Learned counsel for the parties were heard. Mr. L. P. Naithani, appearing for the respondents, made an argument in the alternative that if the petitioner is directed to appear in Hindi Literature papers of B.A. Part I and if she passes in that subject the respondents were prepared to withdraw the impugned orders whereby the petitioner's results of B.A. Part II and LL.B. I year have been cancelled. However, this suggestion did not find favour with the learned counsel for the petitioner, who submitted that the respondents were estopped from raising the question of the petitioner having failed in B.A. Part I examination after they had allowed her to appear in two examinations and declared her successful in B.A. Part II examination. It was submitted that the petitioner will suffer irreparable injury if she is asked to appear in B.A. Part I examination or in any of the papers of the said course. The University cannot now reverse the process and deny the petitioner's right to pass LL.B. examination. Some authorities were also cited at the bar to show that the respondents were estopped from denying the right of the petitioner to appear in LL.B. examination. Before adverting to those authorities it is necessary to crystallise the salient features of this case as emerge from the pleadings of the parties.
7. The petitioner has appeared in B.A. Part I examination in the year 1982 under Roll number 45455 and she was declared successful. The marksheet given to her was prepared by the University officials and on the basis of the said marksheet she is shown to have secured 38 marks in Hindi Literature and was able to secure admission in B.A. Part II as a successful candidate in B.A. Part I examination. The petitioner appeared in B.A. Part II examination through respondent No. 1 University and was declared successful. No objection was raised at the time of declaration of result of B.A. Part II about the petitioner by the respondent No. 1 or its officers. She appeared in LL.B. I year and failed, then she was permitted to appear in supplementary examination and it was after that, that the University seems to have woken up from deep slumber and pointed out that the petitioner failed in Hindi Literature in B.A. Part I, therefore, she could not pursue her studies and her B.A. Part 1 and B.A. Part II results were also cancelled. In the counter affidavit the respondents have stated that the petitioner had secured 19 marks in first paper of Hindi Literature and 9 marks in second paper of the said subject. While explaining the marksheet, a copy of which was appended to the counter affidavit, the learned counsel for the University has stated that the petitioner had secured 19 marks in first paper and 1.9 marks in second paper of Hindi Literature. The total of two papers, according to Sri Naithani was 20.0 and not 28 as asserted by the University authorities in the counter affidavit. The scribe of the marksheet, who must be an official of the University, has shown 19 marks in first paper and 19 marks in second paper in Hindi Literature, which come to 38 marks. Therefore, in the counter affidavit and in the marksheet, as explained by the counsel for the respondents, there is a glaring contradiction. According to the contents of the counter affidavit the petitioner's marks in both the papers of Hindi Literature are only 28, which is asserted by the respondents in paragraph 3 of the counter affidavit which contains a tabulation chart of the marks in all the subjects of B.A. Part I including Hindi Literature.
8. The University has alleged that there is a mistake in preparation of the marksheet, which mistake cannot be attributed to the petitioner. In the first place there does not appear to be any mistake because in both the papers 19 plus 19 marks are shown. There cannot be any marking like 1.9 or 1.8. Such a marking is unknown in the realm of University examinations. Therefore, it is not possible that the petitioner was givea 1.9 marks in the second paper of Hindi Literature. In all probability the marksheet appears to contain 19 marks in first paper and 19 marks in second paper of Hindi Literature because it is totalled as 38 marks. The marksheet issued to the petitioner in 1982 induced the petitioner to take admission in B.A. Part II and she was declared successful by the respondent No. 1 in B.A. Part II examination and thereafter she secured admission in LL.B. course and was permitted to appear in the examination of the said course. After more than two years of the issuance of the marksheet of B.A. Part I when she is pursuing studies in LL.B. class she is informed about the cancellation of the result and the examination committee strangely finds her guilty after four years of having secured admission in B.A. It and LL.B. I year. The University has rightly not stated that the marksheet was prepared under the influence of the petitioner. They have clearly stated that it was prepared by their own official, who had by mistake or inadvertence given incorrect information to the petitioner about the marks in the papers of Hindi Literature. Whether or not such assertion is correct but the fact remains that on the basis of the University's assurance which is contained in the mark-sheet, the petitioner has improved her position and it cannot be now altered to her disadvantage after a lapse of more than two years. The resolution is passed after more than four years of the petitioner's passing of B.A. Part I examination. Therefore, this is a case which presents some peculiar features and an advantage gained by the petitioner on the express assurance of the University is sought to be annulled by the University. The University is now trying to take advantage of their own wrong by harming the petitioner. They cannot attribute any guilt to the petitioner in preparing the marksheet and if they have woken at a belated stage, the gains which have accrued to the petitioner on the assurance of University cannot be taken away. Having taken the entire circumstances of the case into consideration it will be unjust and unethical for the University to insist that the petitioner should appear and take examination in Hindi Literature of B.A. Part I and subject to its passing her results of LL.B. and B.A, Part II can be saved from being cancelled.
9. The learned counsel for the petitioner invited my attention to an authority of this Court reported in (1990) 2 UPLBEC 1053 : (1990 All LJ 832), Pravesh Kumar Dubey v. University of Kanpur. In the said case a question similar to the one involved in this petition was raised by the University. The Court observed:
"This Court will not permit the petitioner to suffer for the mistake/negligence of the University authorities. The order withholding the result of B.Sc. Part II, is therefore quashed and the University is directed to declare the result of the petitioner of B.Sc. Part Hand in case he is declared pass, the University will permit him to appear in the examination of B.Sc. Part III of 1990."
10. The learned counsel for the petitioner has also relied upon an unreported judgment of a Division Bench of this Court in Writ Petition No. 15152 of 1989 decided on 7-2-1990, Sri Netrapal Singh v. Rohilkhand University. In that case also the petitioner, after having passed M.Sc. and after having applied for a job was not given the B.Sc. degree. When he approached the University he was asked to appear in supplementary examination in physics paper of B.Sc. Part II. He was given marksheet in which he was shown to have passed B.Sc. Part II examination. After a gap of many years the petitioner in that case was informed that he had failed in B.Sc. Part II examination and he could not be admitted in M.Sc. Part I course but he appears to have passed M.Sc. course also in the meantime. On the basis of these facts it was held by the Division Bench that it was a fit case to which the principle of estoppel should be applied against the University and it was held that it was too late in the day for the University to withhold the B.Sc. degree of the petitioner on the ground that he had in fact failed in B.Sc. Part II examination.
11. Mr. Naithani has drawn my attention to an authority reported in AIR 1980 All 32, Kedar Lal Verma v. The Secretary Board of High School and Intermediate Education. In this case the petitioner was given marksheet for High School. The marks shown in the marksheet were less than those which were required for pass, but in the column in the sheet meant for being notified as 'pass' or 'fail', it was shown by mistake that the candidate had passed whereas on the showing of the marks he had failed. The Board corrected the mistake and it was not estopped to declare the petitioner in that case as 'failed'. This authority is distinguishable on the ground that the marks shown in the mark-sheet of High School examination were less than those required for pass whereas in the present case the marks shown in the mark-sheet are those on the basis of which the petitioner had passed in Hindi Literature papers also because she is shown to have secured 38 marks in the said subject. She has passed B,A. Part II also on the basis of the marksheet and is pursuing her LL.B. Course and she has appeared in the examination of the said course also. Therefore AIR 1980 All 32 (Supra) has no application to the facts of the present case.
12. Many useful years of the petitioner cannot be allowed to be wasted at the instance of the University. It is too late in the day for the University to ask the petitioner to appear in B.A. Part I examination or any of the papers of the said course. On the assurance of the respondents contained in the marksheet she had secured admission and passed in future classes also. This process cannot be reversed now after a lapse of many many years. This Court cannot be oblivious to the principles of equities which are in favour of the petitioner. Had the University done its part or the petitioner had been guilty in any manner, she would not be permitted to rely on promissory estoppel. But in view of the conduct of the University and for the reasons stated in this judgment it is a fit case in which the principles of promissory esloppel should be applied to the respondents because it is at their instance that the petitioner has improved her position and has put in many years in her studies which now cannot be allowed to go waste.
13. The petitioner has appeared under the direction of this Court in the examination of the LL.B. Course. Her result cannot be withheld as the impugned order and the resolution of the examination committee are liable to be quashed.
14. For the reasons stated above the writ petition succeeds and is allowed. The order dated 27-11-1984 passed by the Assistant Registrar (Confidential), Rohilkhand University and the resolution dated 20-5-1986 of the examination committee of the said University are hereby quashed and the respondents are directed not to implement the said order and the resolution in respect of the petitioner. The respondents are directed by a writ of mandamus to declare the result of the petitioner of LL.B. supplementary examination of I year and the examination of II year, which she was permitted to take in pursuance of the order of this Court dated 4-2-1987. The petitioner-shall also get costs of this petition.
15. Petition allowed.