National Green Tribunal
News Item Titled "Un Predicts ... vs . Union Of India (1997) 11 Scc 312. In ... on 12 September, 2024
Item No.17 Court No. 1
BEFORE THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL
PRINCIPAL BENCH, NEW DELHI
Original Application No. 694/2023
News Item titled "UN predicts groundwater level in India will reduce to
'low' by 2025" appearing in Hindustan Times dated 26.10.2023.
Date of hearing: 12.09.2024
CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE PRAKASH SHRIVASTAVA, CHAIRPERSON
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SUDHIR AGARWAL, JUDICIAL MEMBER
HON'BLE DR. A. SENTHIL VEL, EXPERT MEMBER
Respondents: Dr. Sunil Kumar Ambast (Through VC), Chairman with Mr. Gigi. C.
George & Mr. Sunil Kumar, Advs. for CGWA
Mr. Vinayak Sharma, Adv. for the State of Chhattisgarh
Mr. Shuvodeep Roy, Mr. Deepayan Dutta & Mr. Saurabh Tripathi, Advs.
for the State of Tripura
Mr. Azmat H. Amanullah, Adv. for the State of Bihar
Mr. Amlaan Kumar & Ms. Rukhmini Bobde, Advs. for the State of
Madhya Pradesh
Mr. Gautam Singh & Mr. Naman Chawla, Advs. for the State of Madhya
Pradesh
Mr. Gautam Singh & Mr. Pramod Guntur, Advs. for the State of Andhra
Pradesh
Ms. Priyanka Swami, Adv. for Ground Water Department, State of UP
(Through VC)
Mr. Kumar Anurag Singh, Adv. for the State of Jharkhand (Through VC)
Mr. Pushpendra S. Bhadoriya, Adv. for R - 3 (Through VC)
Mr. Rajat Jonathan Shaw & Mr. Darpan K.M, Advs. for the State of
Karnataka (Through VC)
Mr. Shashank Bajpai & Ms. Stuti Karwal, Advs. for the State of Odisha
(Through VC)
Mr. Rahul Khurana, Adv. for the State of Haryana
Mr. Premsagar Pal & Mr. Chandra Mani Dev, Advs. for the State of
Punjab (Through VC)
Ms. Prachi Mishra, Adv. for the State of Rajasthan (Through VC)
Mr. Jasmeet Singh, Adv. for MoEF & CC (Through VC)
ORDER
1. This O.A. has been registered suo motu on the basis of the news item published in Hindustan Times dated 26.10.2023 titled "UN predicts groundwater level in India will reduce to 'low' by 2025".
2. As per the news item report, some areas in the Indo-Gangetic basin in India are experiencing groundwater depletion and its entire north- western region is predicted to experience critically low groundwater 1 availability by 2025 which is as per the report by the United Nations. The consequences of depletion would have an adverse impact on the agriculture and drinking water of the large population of the country.
3. Based on the said report this Tribunal impleaded Central Ground Water Authority, Ministry of Jal Sakti, MoEF & CC and 20 States. In pursuant to the advance notice CGWA filed its report dated 22.11.2023 and a subsequent status report on 06.02.2024. A few States also filed their responses. Response was sought from other States who had not filed and CGWA was also directed to file the guidelines for regulating permission/NoC for groundwater extraction in stressed areas. The matter was again taken up on 26.07.2024 and it was observed that several states had not filed response in a such a serious matter which affects the fundamental rights of the people in the Country. It was also noted that CGWA was constituted vide notification dated 14.01.1997 issued by MoEF & CC in pursuant to a direction issued by the Supreme Court in MC Mehta Vs. Union of India (1997) 11 SCC 312. In spite of CGWA being empowered with adequate powers vide the above-mentioned notification, it was observed that CGWA had not been carrying out its responsibility in regulating and monitoring groundwater extraction including its contamination. No details of punitive or prohibitive action taken by CGWA, against the defaulter/violators were provided. In view of the above shortcomings in the functioning of the CGWA, the Tribunal directed Chairman CGWA to remain present on the next date to apprise this Tribunal regarding the effective steps being taken for regulating groundwater. It was also made clear that the powers of CGWA as provided under the EPA Act 1986 shall prevail over local enactments. 2
4. The matter was taken up today and the response filed by the CGWA was examined. Mr. Gigi. C. George represented CGWA and the Chairman of CGWA was virtually present.
5. As per the response of CGWA with regard to the water level monitoring mechanism adopted by CGWA, it is stated that:
"Proposed Action to be taken in Future:
CGWB has now initiated strengthening of groundwater monitoring network and automation of ground water level monitoring by equipping these monitoring stations with Digital Water Level Recorders (DWLR) with telemetry systems.
i. Under National Hydrology Project (NHP), CGWB has installed nearly 5000 DWLRs with telemetry system. ii. Under the ongoing Public Investment Board (PIB) approved NAQUIM project, CGWB has a target of construction of 7000 piezometers (ground water level monitoring wells) for strengthening of ground water monitoring. It is also targeted to install DWI,Rs in all these 7000 piezometers. These digital water level recorders will be fitted with telemetry systems for direct transfer of water level data from the field to a central server."
6. With regard to the assessment of groundwater resources by the CGWA the response is as follows:
"Starting from the year 2022, CGWB has transitioned the groundwater assessment process to an annual basis, aiming to improve monitoring and expedite response efforts. A Software, INDIA-Groundwater Resource Estimation System (IN- GRES) has been developed for a faster and automated assessment process. This has reduced the time required for assessment drastically and the assessment reports are published on a yearly basis.
The Report on "National Compilation of Dynamic Ground Water Resources, 2023" has been issued and is available on CGWB website (https://cgwb.gov.in/cgwbprnn/publication-detail/1141). Assessment for the year 2024 has already been initiated"
7. With regard to groundwater quality monitoring by CGWA, it is indicated that:
"Proposed Action to be taken in Future:
84 piezometers with water quality probe are being installed in the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh (22), Gujarat (12), Odisha (5), Tamil Nadu (30) and West Bengal (15)."3
8. The proposed action plan suggested by CGWA is:
"Proposed Action to be taken in Future:
It is proposed to cover nearly 3 lakh sq km additional area in the near future. This information will help in developing more effective groundwater management plans, particularly identification of potential recharge zones on village level."
9. Interventions for artificial recharge include:-
"(H) Artificial Recharge Interventions:
CGWB implements artificial recharge interventions to demonstrate their feasibility and effectiveness. So far 4485 structures have been constructed. List is enclosed as Annexure-VII. Recently, innovative recharge structures on cluster-based approach based on findings of Aquifer Mapping studies are being implemented. These Projects are being implemented in coordination with State Government/ Institutions/ identified PSUs. Such projects have already been implemented in threaspirational districts, one each in the states of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. CGWB has also implemented project for construction of Bridge-cum- Bandhara (BCB) in parts of Maharashtra. Bridge-cum Bandhara (BCB) is a water conservation structure that serves the dual purpose of transportation and artificial recharge through storage of water in the upstream side of an existing bridge. Five BCB projects were implemented under tripartite agreement between CGWB, WAPCOS and the Government of Maharashtra.
CGWB is providing technical guidance in selection of sites, design of artificial recharge structures and capacity building of MGNREGS officials in select 09 Blocks of 08 States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan (2 blocks), Haryana, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
Recently, CGWB has taken up artificial recharge for water conservation and groundwater augmentation in water-stressed areas of Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Banner, Alwar, Jhunjhunu and Sikar districts of Rajasthan. Innovative recharge structures like combination of check dams, anicuts and ponds with recharge shafts are being constructed and the project is under implementation. These projects will also serve as sites for field research and training on efficacy of different types of artificial recharge structures in different geological terrains."
10. Apart from the above, schemes/steps for the development of Groundwater implemented by the Ministry of Jal Shakti are as follows:
i. Atal Bhujal Yojana:
ii. National Interdepartmental Steering Committee (NISC):
iii. Jal Shakit Abhiyan iv. Capacity Building, Outreach and Awards:4
v. Directions to States by Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA)
11. During the course of the hearing response was sought from the Chairman CGWA about the following:-
The various effective and substantial steps taken by the Authority in view of declining of the Ground Water which is being experienced in several parts of the country.
Further, he was also asked with regard to the actions being taken relating to illegal borewells by Housing Complexes, Industrial Units, Commercial establishments and several other entities.
Information was also sought with regard to the directions issued by the CGWA to various State Governments and Union Territories directing them to enforce and monitor the Groundwater drawals and an action taken report on the illegal borewells.
12. On the above quarries, the CGWA had no satisfactory response and the Chairman stated that till date no directions under EPA 1986, have been issued by the Authority. He was also not in a position to indicate the positive interventions regarding the ground-level implementation at the locations where groundwater depletion has been encountered or ground water found contaminated. Most of the steps taken seem to be experimental/academic in nature and not substantial.
13. The Tribunal found the explanation of the Chairman, CGWA to be unsatisfactory. CGWA being the only nodal body with statutory powers under the Environment Protection Act 1986 is expected to perform its duty in regulating the groundwater. The Chairman has assured that he 5 will take action on the issues indicated above and file a fresh report before the next date of hearing.
14. The Ground Water Yearbook India 2022-2023 filed by CGWA had indicated at table 7.1.2 "Districts affected by Salinity (High EC) in Ground Water in different States" as follow:
"Table 7.1.2: Districts Affected by Salinity (High EC) in Groundwater in Different States of India.
S. No. State Parts of districts having EC > 3000 µS/cm.
1. Andaman and South Andaman Nicobar
2. Anantpur, Chittur, East Godavari, Guntur, Kadapa, Andhra Krishna Kurnool, Nellore, Srikakulam, Prakasam, Pradesh Vijayanagram, Visakhapatnam, West Godavari
3. Bihar East Champaran, Jehanabad, Nalanda, Samastipur
4. Dadra and Diu Nagar Haveli and Daman &
5. Delhi New Delhi, North, North West, South West, West Delhi
6. Ahmedabad, Amreli, Anand, Arvalli, Banas Kantha, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Botad, Chhota Udaipur, Gujarat Devbhumi Dwarka, Gir Somnath, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Kachchh, Kheda, Mahesana, Morbi, Navsari, Patan, Porbandar, Rajkot, Sabarkantha,
7. SurendraFaridabad, Bhiwani, Nagar, Vadodara, Valsad Fatehabad, Gurgaon, Hisar, Haryana Jhajjar Jind, Kaithal, Karnal, Mahendragarh, Mewat, Palwal, Panipat, Rewari,
8. Bagalkot, Belgaum, Bellari, Bijapur, Chikmagaluru, "
Karnataka Chitradurga, Hassan, Kolar, Koppal, Raichur, Tumkur, Vijayanagara, Yadgir As per the above report, several parts of the Country, including various parts of Delhi, show high salinity in the groundwater. The reason informed by the Chairman, CGWA was that the High Salinity could be due to a high level of extraction or geological features including other sources of contamination.
15. Similarly, high fluoride content has been indicated in Table 7.3.1 as under:-
"Table 7.3.2 Districts showing localized occurrence of Fluoride (>1.5mg/L) in Groundwater in India 6 Sl. No. State Parts of Districts having F > 1.5mg/L
1. Andhra Pradesh Anantpur, Chittur, East Godavari, Guntur, Kadapa, Krishna, Kurnool, Nellore, Prakasam, Srikakulam, Vijaynagaram, Visakhapatnam, West Godavari
2. Bihar Gaya, Jamui, Muzaffarpur, Nalanda, Nawada, Samastipur, Sheikhpura
3. Chhattisgarh Balodabazar, Balrampur, Dhamtari, Jashpur, Koriya, Raigarh, Surajpur
4. Dadra And Nagar Dadra And Nagar Haveli Haveli and Daman & Diu
5. Delhi East Delhi, North West Delhi, South Delhi
6. Goa North Goa, South Goa
7. Gujarat Amreli, Anand, BanasKantha, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Botad, Chhota Udaipur, Dahod, Devbhumi Dwarka, Gir Somnath, Junagadh, Kachchh, Mahisagar, Morbi, Navsari, Panch Mahal, Patan, Rajkot, Sabarkantha, Surat, Surendra Nagar, Vadodara,
8. Haryana Bhiwani, Fatehabad, Gurugram, Hisar, Jhajjar, Jind, Kaithal, Karnal, Mahendragarh, Palwal, Panipat, Rewari, Sirsa, Sonipat,
9. Himachal Pradesh Chamba, Sirmour, Una
10. Jammu & Kashmir Samba
11. Chhatra, Deoghar, Godda, Garhwa, Bokaro, Jharkhand Gridih
12. Karnataka Bagalkot, Ballari, Bijapur, Chikballpura, Chamarajanagara, Chitradurg, Dakshina Davanagere, Gulbarga, Kolar, Kopal, Mandya, Mysore, Raichur, Ramnagara, Shivmoga, Tumkur, Vijayanagara, Yadgir
13. Kerala Malappuram
14. Madhya Pradesh Anuppur, Chhatarpur, Datiya, Dindori, Neemuch, Seoni, Shajapur
15. Maharashtra Ahmednagar, Beed, Bhandara, Chandrapur, Gadchiroli, Gondia, Hingoli, Nanded, Nandubar, Parbhani, Yavatmal,
16. Orissa Anugul, Balangir, Baudh, Bhadrak, Debagarh, Kalahandi, Nayagarh, Nuapada, Puri, Sambalpur, Sonapur
17. Punjab Bathinda, Faridkot, Fazilka, Firozpur, Mansa, Moga, Muktsar, Patiala, Sangrur, Taran Taran
18. Rajasthan Ajmer, Alwar, Banswara, Barmer, Bharatpur, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Bundi, Churu, Dausa, Dongarpur, Ganganagar, Hanumanghar, Jaipur, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Jhunjhun, Jodhpur, Karauli, Kota, Nagaur, Pali, Pratapgarh, Rajsamnd, Sawai Madhvpur, Sikar, Sirohi, Tonk, Udaipur 7
19. Tamil Nadu Ariyalur, Cuddalore, Coimbatore, indigul, Erode, Kanyakumari, Karur, Krishnagiri, Maduri, Namakkal, Pudukkottai, Perambalur, Ramnathpuram, Selem, Sivaganga, Theni, Tripur, Tirunelveli, Tiruvallur, Tuticorin, Vellore, Villupuram, Virudhunagar,
20. Telangana Adilabad, Hydrabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Ranga Reddy, Warangal
21. Uttar Pradesh Agra, Aligarh, Azamgarh, Farrukhabad, Fatehpur, Firzabad, Gautam Buddha Nagar, JP Nagar, Kanpur Dehat, Lalitpur, Mainpuri, Mathura, Pratapgarh, Rai Bareli, Rampur
22. Uttarakhand Uttarkashi
23. West Bengal Dakshin Dinajpur, Malda, Murshidabad "
16. Nitrate levels are high in the following Districts:
"Table 7.4.2: List of Districts Showing Localized Occurrence of Nitrate (>45 mg/L) in Ground Water in Different States of India Parts of Districts having Nitrate > 45 Sl. No. State mg/L
1. Andhra Pradesh Anantpur, Chittoor, East Godawari, Guntur, Kdapa, Krishna, Kurnool, Nellore, Prakasam, Srikakulam, Vijyanagaram, Visakhapatnam, West Godavari
2. Bihar Bhagalpur, Bhojpur, Kaimur, Rohtas, Siwan,
3. Chhattisgarh Balod, Balodbazar, Balrampur, Bastar, Bemetara, Bilaspur, Dhamtari, Durg, Gariyabandh, Janjgir, Champa, Jashpur, Kawardha, Koriya, Mahasamund, Raigarh, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Surajpur, Surguja
4. Dadra And Nagar Daman and Dadra and Nagar Haveli Haveli and Daman & Diu
5. Delhi East Delhi, North Delhi, South Delhi, South West Delhi
6. DNH Diu
7. Andhra Pradesh Anantpur, Chittoor, East Godawari, Guntur, Kdapa, Krishna, Kurnool, Nellore, Prakasam, Srikakulam, Vijyanagaram, Visakhapatnam, West Godavari
8. Goa South Goa 8
9. Gujarat Ahmadabad, Amreli, Anand, Aravalli, Banaskantha, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Botad, Chhota Udaipur, Dohad, Devbhumi Dwaraka, Gir Somnath, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Kachchh, Kheda, Mahesena, Mahisagar, Morbi, Panchmahals, Patan, Porbandar, Rajkot, Sabarkantha, Surat, Surendranagar, Valsad
10. Haryana Bhiwani, Faridabad, Fatehabad, Gurugram, Hissar, Jhajjar, Jind, Kaithal, Mahendragarh, Mewat, Palwal, Panchkula, Panipat, Rewari, Rohtak, Sirsa, Sonipat
11. Himachal Pradesh Kangra, Kullu, Solan, Una
12. Jammu & Kashmir Baramulla, Jammu, Kupwara, Rajouri, Reassi, Samba, Srinagar, Udhampur
13. Jharkhand Garhwa, Ramgarh, Bokaro, Giridih, Ranchi, Gumla, Hazaribagh, Dhanbad, Gumla, Dumka, Godda, Kodarma, Shahenganj
14. Karnataka Bagalkot, Ballari, Belagavi, Bangalore Rural, Bangalore Urban, Bidar, Bijapur, Chamarajanagara, Chikballlapur, Chitradurga, Davanagere, Gulbarga, Kolar, Kodagu, Koppal, Mandya, Mysore, Raichur, Ramnagara, Shivmoga, Tumkur, Udupi, Uttar Kannada, Vijayanagara, Yadgir
15. Kerala Alappuzha, Ernakulam, Idukki, Kannur, Kasaragod, Kollam, Kottayam, Malappuram, Palakkad, Pathanamthitta, Thrissur, Trivandrum
16. Madhya Pradesh Agar Malwa, Alirajpur, Ashok Nagar, Balaghat, Barwani, Betul, Bhind, Bhopal, Burhanpur, Chhatarpur, Chhindwara, Damoh, Dewas, Dhar, Gwalior, Harda, Hoshangabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jhabua, Katni, Khandwa, Khargone, Mandla, Mandsaur, Morena, Narsinghpur, Panna, Raisen, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Rewa, Sagar, Satna, Sehore, Seoni, Shahdol, Shajapur, Sheopur, Shivpuri, Sidhi, Tikamgarh, Ujjain, Umaria, Vidisha
17. Maharashtra Ahmednagar, Akola, Amravati, Aurangabad, Beed, Bhandara, Buldana, Chandrapur, Dhule, Gadchiroli, Gondia, Hingoli, Jalgaon, Jalna, Kolhapur, Latur, Nagpur, Nanded, Nandurbar, Nashik, Osmanabad, Parbhani, Pune, Sangli, Satara, Solapur, Thane, Wardha, Washim, Yavatmal
18.
Nagaland Dimapur
9
19. Odisha Anugul, Balangir, Baleshwar, Bargarh,
Baudh, Bhadrak, Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Gajapati, Ganjam, Kalahandi, Kandhamal, Kendrapara, Khordha, Koraput, Malkangiri, Mayurbhanj, Nabarangapur, Nayagarh, Puri, Roygada, Sambalpur, Sonapur
20. Pondicherry Karaikal, Pondicherry
21. Punjab Amritsar, Bathinda, Faridkot, Fazilka, Firozpur, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Jalandhar, Kapurthala, Ludhiana, Mansa, Moga, Muktsar, Nawanshahr, Pathankot, Patiala, Ropar, Sangrur, SAS nagar, Taran Taran
22. Rajasthan Ajmer, Alwar, Banaswara, Baran, Barmer, Bharatpur, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Bundi, Chittaurgarh, Churu, Dausa, Dhaulpur, Dungarpur, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jaipur, Jaisalmer, Jalor, Jhalawar, Jhunjhunun, Jodhpur, Karauli, Kota, Nagaur, Pali, Pratapgarh, Rajsamand, Sawai Madhopur, Sikar, Sirohi, Tonk, Udaipur
23. Tamil Nadu Ariyalur, Chennai, Cuddalore, Dharampuri, Dindigul, Erode, Kancheepuram, Namakkal, Thiruannamalai, Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Villupuram, Coimbatore, Dharampuri, Dindigul, Karaikal, Karur, Krishnagiri, Madurai, Nagpatinam, Pudikkottai, Perambalur, Ramnathpuram, Salem, Shivganga, Thanjavur, Theni, Tirupur, Trichy, Vellore, Tivallur, Tiruvarur, Tuticorin, Villipurm, Virudhanagr
24. Telangana Adilabad, Hyderabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Ranga Reddy, Warangal
25. Uttar Pradesh Agra, Aligarh, Amroha, Allahabad, Azamgarh, Ballia, Banda, Basti, Badaun, Bulandshahr, Chandauli, Deoria, Etah, Farrukhabad, Fatehpur, Firozabad, Gautam Budhnagar, Ghaziabad, Gazipur, Hamirpur, Hardoi, Hathras, J.P.Nagar, Jalaun, Jhansi, Kanpur Dehat, Kanpur Nagar, Kasganj, Kausambi, Lalitpur, Lucknow, Mahoba, Manipuri, Mathura, Mirzapur, Muzaffarnagar, Pratapgarh, Rai Bareli, Rampur, Sambhal, Shamli, Siddharth Nagar, Unnao, Varanasi
26. "
Uttarakhand Almora, Haridwar, Uttarkashi
17. Arsenic contamination has been indicated in table 7.6.1 "Table 7.6.1: Districts having Arsenic >0.01 in Ground Water in Different States of India 10 Parts Of Districts having As > 10 ppb Sl. No. State (0.01 mg/L)
1. East Godavari, Guntur, Krishna, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh Nellore, Prakasam,
2. Bihar Araria, Begusarai, Bhagalpur, Bhojpur, Buxar, Darbhanga, E Champaran, Gopalganj, Katihar, Khagaria, Kishanganj, Madhepura, Madhubani, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, Saran, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Supaul, W. Champaran
3. Chhattisgarh Rajnandgaon, Raipur, Koriya
4. Delhi East, North East
5. Gujarat Mahesana,
6. Haryana Bhiwani, Sonipat
7. Himachal Pradesh Kangra
8. Jammu & Kashmir Kupwara, Samba
9. Jharkhand Sahibganj
10. Karnataka Raichur, Yadgir
11. Kerala Kollam
12. Maharashtra Bhandara, Mumbai City
13. Madhya Pradesh Datia, Morena,
14. Bhadrak, Ganjam, Jagatsinghpur, Odisha Kendrapara
15. Punjab Amritsar, Bathinda, Fazilka, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala, Pathankot, Patiala, Sas Nagar, Tarn Taran,
16. Rajasthan Banswara, Bhilwara, Churu, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jodhpur, Sirohi, Tonk,
17. Tamil Nadu Chennai, Cuddalore, Dharmapuri, Nagapattinam, Pondicherry, Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, Tiruvallur, Tuticorin
18. Telangana Nalgonda
19. Uttar Pradesh Azamgarh, Bahraich, Ballia, Banda, Basti, Bijnor, Faizabad, Goda, Hardoi, Kushinagar, Lakhimpur Khiri, Moradabad, Muzaffarnagar, Pilibhit, Pratapgarh, Rampur, Shrawasti, Sitapur, St. Kabir Nagar, Sultanpur
20. Udham Singh Nagar, Champawat, Uttarakhand, Dehradun, Haridwar
21. West Bengal Howrah, Hugli, Malda, Murshidabad, N24 "
Parganas, Nadia, South 24 Parganas
18. Uranium contamination at table no. 7.7.3:
"Table 7.7.3: Districts Having Uranium >0.03 mg/L (>30ppb) in Ground Water in Different States of India Districts Partly affected with Uranium Sl. No. State > 30ppb 11
1. Andhra Pradesh Ananthapur, Chittoor, Guntur, Kadapa, East Godavari, Krishna, Kurnool, Prakasam
2. Bihar Saran, Bhabhua, Khagaria, Madhepura, Nawada, Sheikhpura, Purnea, Kisanganj, Begusarai
3. Chhattisgar h Bilaspur, Jashpur, Kanker, Korba
4. Delhi North West District, South West District, West District, North District
5. Gujrat Dohad, Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Patan
6. Haryana Ambala, Bhiwani, Faridabad, Fatehabad, Gurugram, Hissar, Jhajjar, Jind, Kaithal, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Mahendergarh, Palwal, Panipat, Rohtak, Sirsa, Sonipat, Yamuna Nagar
7. Himachal Pradesh Mandi
8. Jharkhand Godda, Koderma, Latehar, Palamau
9. Karnataka Bangalore Rural, Bangalore Urban, Bellary, Gulbarga, Kolar, Mandya, Raichur, Tumkur
10. Madhya Pradesh Balaghat, Betul, Chhatarpur, Datia, Gwalior, Jhabua, Panna, Raisen, Seoni, Shivpuri
11. Maharashtr a Bhandara, Gondia, Nagpur
12. Odisha Angul, Dhenkanal, Sundargarh, Sambalpur
13. Punjab Bathinda, Moga, Faridkot, Fatehgarh Sahib, Fazilka, Ferozepur, Hoshiarpur, Jalandhar, Kapurthala, Ropar, Ludhiana, Muktsar, Pathankot, Patiala, Sangrur, SAS Nagar
14. Rajasthan Ajmer, Alwar, Banswara, Barmer, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Bundi, Chittaugarh, Churu, Dausa, Ganganagar, Jaipur, Jelore, Jodhpur, Karauli, Nagaur, Pratapgarh, Rajsamand, Sawai Madhopur, Tonk, Udaipur
15. Tamil Nadu Dindigul, Erode, Krishnagiri, Madurai, Mamakkal, Ramnathapuram, Salem, Thiruvannamalai, Tirupur, Tiruvallur
16. Telangana Adilabad, Hyderabad, Mahabubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Ranga Reddy
17. Uttar Aligarh, Azamgarh, Bijnaur, Badaun, Pradesh Bulandshaher, Deoria, Farrikhabad, Fatehpur, G.B. Nagar, Ghaziabad, Ghazipur, Hardoi, Hathras, J P Nagar, Kanpur Nagar, Mainpuri, Mathura, Pratapgarh, Raebarelli, Sultanpur, Unnao.
18. West Bengal Malda
19. Andhra Pradesh Ananthapur, Chittoor, Guntur, Kadapa, East Godavari, Krishna, Kurnool, Prakasam
20. Bihar Saran, Bhabhua, Khagaria, Madhepura, Nawada, Sheikhpura, Purnea, Kisanganj, Begusarai
21. Chhattisgarh Bilaspur, Jashpur, Kanker, Korba "12
19. In view of the above, apart from the issue of depletion of groundwater, CGWA will file an Action Taken Report covering above issues also and detailing the steps taken by CGWA in each of the affected States. The Action Taken Report shall indicate the ground-level preservation action plans, infrastructure facilities to be created, timelines for implementation and completion of these plans, enforcement and monitoring mechanisms along with actions taken as sought in para 11 above. Let the report be furnished within three months by way of an affidavit.
20. List on 07.01.2025.
Prakash Shrivastava, CP Sudhir Agarwal, JM Dr. A. Senthil Vel, EM September 12, 2024 O.A. No. 694/2023 HB..
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