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Delhi District Court

Sc No. :01/18 vs (1) Anees Pradhan on 18 December, 2018

                                              Page: 1/68

       IN THE COURT OF VIKAS DHULL, SPL. JUDGE,
     (PC ACT) CBI­03, DWARKA COURTS, NEW DELHI.


In the matter of :­­


         SC No.           :01/18
         FIR No.          :127/09
         Police Station   :Najafgarh (CB)
         Case ID No.      : 
                           441026/16
         Under            :U/s   302/201/34   of
         Section           Indian   Penal   Code,
                           1860. 
         File   received : 27.11.2018
         by   way   of
         transfer   vide
         circular   no.
         27909­27925
         /          Case
         Transfer/Judl
         .Gaz./DWK/2
         018   dated
         22.11.2018.

         Reserved   for :  03.12.2018
         judgment on
         Judgment       :  18.12.2018
         announced
         on
  
                                         Page: 2/68


     State 
                    Versus

(1)  Anees Pradhan
     S/o Sh.Mohd.Haneef
     R/o A­26, JJ Basti
     Goyla Dairy
     Najafgarh
     Delhi

(2)  Bhura
         S/o Akhtar
         R/o  Pole No.64, Qutub Vihar
         Goyla Dairy
         Najafgarh
         Delhi 
        
(3)  Bhuru
         S/o Fakhruddin
         R/o Jhuggi Near Mobile Tower
         Jhuggi Basti 
         Goyla Dairy
         Najafgarh
         Delhi

(4)  Jaibun
     W/o Bhuru
     R/o Jhuggi Near Mobile Tower 
     Jhuggi Basti 
     Goyla Dairy
                                                        Page: 3/68

      Najafgarh
      Delhi                        ... Accused persons
         
Date of institution                : 28.09.2012
Date on which file received by transfer: 27.11.2018
Date on which judgment reserved : 03.12.2018
Date on which judgment pronounced: 18.12.2018


                            JUDGMENT

1. The   prosecution   case   in   brief   is   that  on 07.09.2008, at about 6.30 p.m.a call was received from   mobile   no.   9711293341   at   PS   Najafgarh which   was   recorded   vide   DD   NO.   61A   and   by which it was informed that one girl has committed suicide.   This   call   was   untraced   as   mobile   phone was   switched   off.   On   09.09.2008,   at   about   8.45 a.m.another   call   was   received   from   the   same number vide DD no. 13A by which it was informed that "my bhatiji had committed suicide, no clue of dead body, police may be sent." On  the same date at about 4.13 p.m. another call was received from the same number vide DD No.41A informing "dead Page: 4/68 body of my daughter is lying at Khaira Kabristan, police be sent". PCR reached the spot. Local police also  reached  there   alongwith  SDM.  It  was found that one Shehnaz was buried in the Kabristan of Khaira   road.   The   dead   body   was   exhumed   and inquest proceedings were conducted by SDM. The complainant   Sh.Fakhruddin   is   grandfather   of deceased Shehnaz. He stated before SDM that for the last 2­21/2  years, one Ali Ahmed @ Bhura had illicit relations with Jaibun (mother of Shehnaz). He tried to make Bhura and Jaibun understand but they   did   not   listen   and   continued   with   illicit relations. The complainant  also informed that for the   last   several   months   Bhura   also   made   illicit relations with deceased Shehnaz and it was with consent   of   Jaibun.   One   girl   was   also   allegedly aborted by Shehnaz who was 17 years of age.  The complainant also stated that on 07.09.2008 in the evening     at   about   3.00   p.m.Ali   Ahmed   @   Bhura told   that   he   had   finished   Shehnaz.   At   that   time, one Shaukat and Inaam were also present.  On the Page: 5/68 basis of complaint, the present case was inquired as   parents   of   deceased   were   claiming   that deceased Shehnaz had committed suicide. 

2. Post mortem  of deceased Shehnaz was conducted and   cause   of   death   was   stated   as   asphyxia   and possibility of being smothered was not ruled out as per   report   dated   10.09.2008.   Viscera   was preserved.   However,   on   22.10.2008,   the   doctors informed that definite opinion regarding cause of death could not be given till report of viscera was received.

3. The police had again   sought definite opinion of the   doctor   but   the   doctor   opined   that   definite opinion regarding cause of death cannot be given without report of chemical anaylsis of viscera. 

4. Further,   since   the   report   of   viscera   and   vaginal swab was not available as the same had been sent to FSL, Rohini, therefore, police had registered the Page: 6/68 case  on  the   basis of  statement  of  Fakruddin  and initial post mortem on 21.04.2009. 

5. Viscera   report   was   received   vide   report   dated 27.05.2009and   as   per   the   same,   there   were   no signs of poisoning. Final opinion regarding cause of death was given on 21.07.2009 and it stated, "

since   the   body   was   in   advancing   stage   of decomposition,   the   ligature   marks   and   other injuries could not be appreciated on  the body of the   deceased,   hence   the   possibility   of   hanging (asphyxial death other than smothering by a soft ligature material cannot be ruled out).  
6. During   the   course   of   investigation,   case   was transferred   to   Crime   Branch.   The   investigating officer   examined   various   persons.   He   examined Inaam, Gayur and  Sada.  For the  sake  of brevity, the   whole   statements   are   not   being   reproduced here   but   the   gist   of   statement   of   Inaam   is   that Bhura   had   met   them   near   Kabristan   and   it   was Page: 7/68 Bhura   who   had   arranged   for   burial   of   Shehnaz. Gist   of   statement   of   Gayur   is   also   to   the   same effect   and   he   suspected   Bhura   and   one   Anees Pradhan to be involved in the murder of Shehnaz. Gist of statement of Sada is also similar. He also stated   that   they   found   the   Shehnaz   been   buried like cats and dogs. The spot was shown by Salma, who was caretaker of the Kabristan. In short, they informed that Shehnaz  was buried hurriedly and without observing rites and rituals. 
7. The IO found statements of these three persons as contradictory and not reliable.
8. IO   also   examined   Salma,   who   was   caretaker   of Kabristan.   As   per   Salma,   three   persons   namely Bhura,   one   Pradhan   and   the   third   one,   whose name she did not know, came there with dead boy of a girl and quickly buried her and went  away.
Page: 8/68
9. IO   also   examined   Jaibun   (mother   of   deceased Shehnaz). As per Jaibun on 07.09.2008, she asked Shehnaz to prepare food but as Shehnaz refused, she  slapped  her  2­3 times and  went  to  the   roof. After   about   15­20   minutes,   she   peeped   through window and found that Shehnaz had hung herself with chunni. She shouted and her husband came there and broke open the door. Her husband went to   call   his   brothers.   He   also   went   to   Anees Pradhan. 20­25 persons gathered and Shehnaz was taken   to   Kabristan.   She   also   stated   that   her brothers in law told her to falsely implicate Anees and Bhura.
10. The IO has also examined Mir Hassan, who is son of Sada. He stated that Jaibun told him that it was   Bhura   who   had   killed   Shehnaz.   He   also examined   one   Barkat   Ali,   who   claimed   to   have seen  Bhura  killing   Shehnaz   by   strangulating   her. He  also  examined  Shehzad on  whose  tractor the dead body of Shehnaz was carried to Kabristan. IO Page: 9/68 again examined Jaibun. He also examined Bhuru, who   is   father   of   deceased.   He   also   stated   that Shehnaz   committed   suicide.   It   has   come   in   his statement   that   the   deceased   was   buried   in   the night. They came back from Kabristan at 9.00 p.m.   
11. IO   had   also   interrogated   suspects   Anees Pradhan   and   Bhura.   Both   stated   that   they   are being   falsely  implicated   in   this   case.   IO  has   also examined   various   other   persons   such   as   Firoz, Rafiq, Mohd. Yakub, Mustaq, Dilshad, Nawab Ali etc. Some of them stated that it was suicide and some stated that it was murder.
12. IO   did   not   believe   statements   of   witnesses, who stated that it was murder. IO found various contradictions   in   their   statements.   He   believed statements   in   which   it   was   stated   that   it   was suicide.
Page: 10/68
13. IO   also   relied   upon   the   post   mortem conducted by the medical board which held that deceased   might   have   committed   suicide   by hanging.   Accordingly, IO had cancelled the case and filed cancellation report before the ld.ACMM, Dwarka. 
14. On being served with the cancellation report, complainant   had   appeared   and   had   filed   protest petition.   Thereafter,   ld.Magistrate   after   hearing both   parties   was   of   the   opinion   that   there   was sufficient material on record to show that deceased was murdered and accordingly, summoned all the accused   u/s   302/201   r/w   Section   120B/34   IPC. After summoning of accused persons and supplying them   with   copies,   case   was   committed   to   this court. 
15. Thereafter,   the   arguments   on   the   point   of charge   were   heard   and   after   hearing   the   argu­ ments on the point of charge, accused Anees Prad­ Page: 11/68 han and Bhura @ Ali were charged of having com­ mitted   murder   of   deceased   Shehnaz   pursuant   to their common intention under Section 302/34 IPC whereas all four accused persons were charged un­ der Section 201/34 IPC for having caused evidence to disappear in connection with evidence of mur­ der by causing dead body of deceased Shehnaz to be buried. 
16. All accused persons pleaded not guilty to the aforementioned charges and claimed trial.
17. At   trial,   prosecution   had   examined   18   wit­ nesses.
18. PW1 Mohd.Sada is the younger brother of ac­ cused Bhuru and he has deposed on oath regarding there being illicit relations between accused Jaibun and accused Bhura@ Ali.   He further deposed on oath that on the date of incident, in absence of  ac­ cused Bhuru, deceased was first raped by accused Page: 12/68 Bhura @ Ali and thereafter, she was murdered by strangulation and thereafter, accused Bhura @ Ali had spread the wrong message that deceased had committed suicide. 
19. PW1 further deposed on oath that thereafter, he   alongwith   Inaam,   Gyaur,   Yaqub   and   Mustaq had gone to Kabristan, Dhansa Stand, Najafgarh at about 9.00 p.m.where care taker Salma told them that deceased had been buried. 
20. PW1 further deposed on oath that thereafter he   returned   from   Kabristan   leaving   behind   Mir Hasan, Gayur, Inaam and Gulbahar to guard the place where deceased was buried and on the next date, they went to police station Najafgarh to ap­ prise about the entire facts to the SHO. However, their complaint was not registered. 
21. PW1   further  deposed   that   on   the   third  day, they   called   the   media   and   police   and   SDM   also Page: 13/68 reached there and in their presence, body of de­ ceased   was   dug   up.   After   the   body   was   dug   up, PW1   came   to   know   that   deceased   Shehnaz   was buried without following the rituals as prescribed in the Muslim Religion.  
22. PW1 also admitted on being cross examined by Ld.Addl.PP for State that accused Bhura @ Ali had made extra judicial confession to him that he had had killed deceased Shehnaz. 
23. PW2 is Mohd.Gayur and he has deposed on oath that on the date of incident, his neighbour, namely,   Barkat   had   come   to   his   house   and   told that accused Bhura@ Ali   had killed the daughter of   accused   Bhuru.   He   further   deposed   that   he alongwith his brothers had gone to the house of accused Bhuru but the house was found locked. He further   deposed   that   thereafter,   all   the   brothers had   gone   to   the   graveyard   on   a   tractor   and   on their way,  accused Bhura @ Ali had met them and Page: 14/68 he told them that he had buried deceased Shehnaz. It is further deposed to by him that on reaching the graveyard, care taker Salma also told about burial of deceased Shehnaz.  He further deposed on oath that on the next date, they had gone to the Police Station   to   lodge   complaint   but   since   police insisted   for   a   complaint   from   the   parents, therefore, police did not lodge any complaint.  He further deposed on oath that on the third day, they had   gone   to   the   graveyard   and   had   called   the media persons. He further deposed that thereafter, body of deceased Shehnaz was exhumed.  
24. PW3 Md.Inaam deposed on oath that on the date   of   incident,     accused   Bhura   @   Ali   had informed  him  that  deceased,   who   happens  to  be niece of PW3 had expired. He further deposed that thereafter,   he   apprised   all   his   brothers   and   one person, namely Ramesh came there and he called the police at 100 number.  He further deposed that one person by the name of Barkat Ali also reached Page: 15/68 there and he told them that  accused Bhura @ Ali had   killed   his  niece   deceased   Shehnaz   in   his presence.     He   further   deposed   on   oath   that thereafter,   they   had   gone   to   Police   Station Najafgarh at around 9.00 p.m. and when they had reached near BDO Office,   accused Bhura @ Ali, who   was   coming   from   opposite   direction     on   a motorcycle   confessed   to   have   killed   deceased Shehnaz. He further deposed that on the next day, they   had   gone   to   Police   Station   to   lodge   the complaint but the same was not lodged. He further deposed that thereafter, on the third day, they had gone to the graveyard and had called the Media and   thereafter,   investigating   officer   alongwith Tehsildar   and   media   persons     had   reached   the graveyard  and   in   their   presence,   body   was exhumed.  
25. PW4 Salma is the care taker of the graveyard and she has deposed on oath that at around 8.00 p.m., accused Anees Pradhan,   accused Bhura @ Page: 16/68 Ali and one another person came there and started digging the grave.   She further deposed that even the prescribed fee of Rs.500/­ was   not deposited by them and they had given Rs.300/­ to her in lieu of the receipt.  She further deposed that thereafter accused   Bhura   @   Ali   had   buried   the   body   of deceased   Shehnaz,   whom   she   knew   since   her childhood. She further deposed on oath that all the three persons have left the graveyard at around 9­ 9.30   p.m..   She   further   deposed   that   three   days after   burial   of   dead   body,   some   media   persons alongwith   some   police   officials   had   come   to   the graveyard   and   thereafter,   body   of   deceased   was exhumed and sent for post mortem examination. 
26. PW5 Meer Hasan deposed on oath regarding there   being   illicit   relationship   between   accused Jaibun   and     accused   Bhura   @   Ali.     He   further deposed on oath that in the month of September, 2008,     his   neighbour   Barkat   Ali   told   him   that accused Bhura @ Ali and accused Anees Pradhan Page: 17/68 had killed Shehnaz.   He further deposed on oath that   this   fact   was   apprised   to   the   SHO,   PS Najafgarh   but   he   did   not   take   any   action.     He further   deposed   on   oath   that   deceased   Shehnaz was buried under the stone bearing name of Rafiq. He further deposed that said grave was dug up and dead body was taken out and sent to  hospital for post mortem. 
27. PW6   Dr.Sreenivas   M.   had   deposed   on   oath that   on   05.05.2010,   a   medical   board   was constituted   comprising   of   him   as   Chairman   and Dr.Sunil   and   Dr.Vijay   Dhankar   as   members   to review the case of deceased Shehnaz and on the basis of post mortem report, inquest paper, CFSL reports,   subsequent   opinion,   FIR   and   15 photographs of dead body were examined by the board and they had given the report Ex.PW6/A. 
28. PW7 Yakub deposed on oath that on the date of incident at about 8.15 -8.30 p.m., his brother Page: 18/68 Inaam  had come  to his house  and  told  him  that daughter of accused Bhuru had committed suicide by   hanging   herself.     He   further   deposed   that thereafter one person from his neighbour namely Barkat had also come to his house and told him that   the   daughter   of   accused   Bhuru   namely Shehnaz was killed by   accused Bhura @ Ali and he was witness of the incident. He further deposed that thereafter, they went to the house of deceased but   the   same   was   found   locked.   He   further deposed that while they were going towards BDO Office,  accused Bhura @ Ali met them on the way and   told   them   that   he   had   buried   the   body   of deceased   Shehnaz   in   the   graveyard.   He   further deposed   on   oath   about   taking   out   the   body   of deceased from the graveyard and   sending of the same to mortuary of hospital for post mortem.  
29. PW8  Dr.Parvinder Singh from RTRM Hospital had deposed on oath regarding conducting of post mortem   of   deceased   and   giving   his   report Page: 19/68 Ex.PW8/A. 
30. PW9 Retired SI Suraj Bhan was posted as ASI at PS Najafgarh and he had deposed on oath that on   the   basis   of   rukka   handed   over   to   him   by Inspector   Abhay   Singh,   he   had   registered   the present FIR vide Ex.PW9/A. 
31. PW10   Retired   ASI   Dharamvir   Singh   was   on the   emergency   duty   on   07.09.2008   and   he   had deposed on oath that DD No. 61­B was received to the effect that one girl has committed suicide near Kalu Ki Dairy at 25 Foota Road. Accordingly, he alongwith Constable Amit reached there. However, no one was present at the spot and mobile phone from   which   call   was   made,   was   also   found switched   of.   After   that   they   had   returned   to   the police station. 
32. PW11 Sh.Surender Singh was SDM, Najafgarh and   on   09.09.2008,   he   had   reached   at   the Page: 20/68 graveyard   on   receipt   of   information   from   PS Najafgarh   regarding   burial   of   one   girl   without getting   post   mortem   conducted.   He   further deposed that in his presence, body was exhumed and same was sent to Mortuary of RTRM Hospital through police officials.  He also proved his death report   Ex.PW11/A.     He   also   proved   making   of request to the Hospital for getting postmortem of deceased Shehnaz conducted.  He further deposed on oath that he had also recorded the statement of grandfather   of   deceased   namely   Fakruddin   and uncle of deceased namely Gayur vide Ex.PW11/C and Ex.PW11/D respectively. 
33. PW12 ASI Kartar Singh has deposed on oath regarding   the   collection   of   FSL   result   from   FSL, Rohini.
34. PW13 ASI Satyawan was working as MHCM, PS   Najafgarh   and   he   had   produced   the   original register No. 19 with regard to entries of deposition Page: 21/68 of case property with him.  He further deposed on oath that two   sealed parcels were deposited by SI Ved   Prakash   on   17.09.2008   and   one   on

28.09.2008. 

35. PW14 SI ASI Satyapal had deposed on oath that   he   had   taken   viscera   in   sealed   wooden   box from Najafgarh on 26.09.2008 and deposited the same with FSL, Rohini. 

36. PW15 HC Naresh Kumar had deposed on oath that   on   receipt   of   a   call   vide   DD   No.   13A     on 09.09.2008,   he   accompanied   ASI   Hari   Singh     to Jhuggi Basti near Qutub Vihar and they had met one   Barkat   Ali   there.     He   further   deposed   that Barkat   Ali   had   accompanied   him   and     ASI   Hari Singh   to   the   hut   of   deceased,   who   allegedly committed suicide on 07.09.2008.   However, hut of   deceased   Shehnaz   was   found   locked   and nobody was there.  

Page: 22/68

37. PW16 Inspector Akash Rawat was posted as Inspector in Anti­homicide Section, Crime Branch, Sector­18,   Rohini,   Delhi   and   he   had   deposed   on oath that on 15.10.2009, he received the case file for   the   purpose   of   further   investigation.   He deposed   that   he   recorded   the   statement   of witnesses during investigation and he also visited the place of incident alongwith SI Ved Prakash.  He further   deposed   that   he   also   made   request   for Constitution   of   Medical   Board     which   was constituted on 05.05.2010 and Medical Board had given its report Ex.PW6/A. He further deposed that based upon further investigation, he had filed the final report of cancellation.  

38. PW17 Retd. ASI Hari Singh has deposed on oath that Daily Diary No. 72B dated 07.09.2008 PS Najafgarh is with regard to FIR No. 509/08 dated 04.09.2008 for the offence of theft under Section 379 IPC. 

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39. PW18   IO   Retired   ACP   Abhay   Singh   Yadav deposed   on   oath   that   he   carried   out   initial investigation of this case after the registration  of case.   He   deposed   on   oath   that   he   recorded   the statement   of   witnesses   and   had   made   local inquiries.   He   further   deposed   on   oath   regarding preparation   of   tehrir   Ex.PW18/A   for   getting   the present FIR registered. He further deposed on oath that  he  had  prepared  the  site  plan  and had also examined the place of incident where he had seen that the door of the room was having bolt broken from   inside.   He   further  deposed   that   he   had obtained viscera result and had obtained opinion from autopsy surgeon.

40. No other witness was examined. Accordingly, prosecution evidence was closed. 

41. After the closure of prosecution evidence, ac­ cused persons were examined under Section 313 Cr.P.C. All the incriminating evidence was put to them. All accused persons denied to have been in­ Page: 24/68 volved in the present offence and had refused to lead   any   defence   evidence.   Accordingly,   the   de­ fence evidence was closed.

42. After   the   closure   of   defence   evidence,   the matter was posted for final arguments. 

43. I have heard Sh.Brijesh Kumar, Ld.Addl.PP for State and Sh.R.S.Mishra and Sh.K.K.Sharma, Ld.­ counsel   for   accused   Anees,   Bhuru,   Jaibun   and Bhura   @   Ali.   I  have   also   carefully   perused   the charge sheet and evidence led on record. 

44. It   was   submitted   by   Ld.Addl.PP   for   State assisted by Ld.counsel for complainant that in the present case, although there was one eye witness Barkat   Ali   but   since   he   expired   prior   to   his examination, therefore, there is no eye witness to the incident. 

45. However,   since   PW   Barkat   Ali   had   told various prosecution witnesses of having witnessed Page: 25/68 the   rape   and   murder   of   deceased   Shehnaz, therefore,   evidence   of   prosecution   witnesses   is admissible as per Section 6 of the Indian Evidence Act,   1872   which   is   an   exception   to   the   hearsay evidence. 

46. It   was   submitted   that   it   has   come   in   the evidence of prosecution witnesses that they were told   by  PW  Barkat  Ali   that   he   had  seen   accused Bhura   @   Ali   killing   deceased   at   the   house   of accused Jaibun. 

47. It was further submitted that since PW Barkat Ali had told this fact immediately after seeing the murder,   therefore,   evidence   of   prosecution witnesses is not hearsay evidence and the same is admissible as per Section 6 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.  

48. It was further submitted that there are other circumstances which have come on record which unerringly points towards guilt of accused persons.

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49. It was submitted that none of accused persons and in particular accused Bhuru and Jaibun, who were the parents of deceased, informed the police regarding the death of deceased Shehnaz. 

50. It   was   submitted   that   the   manner   in   which deceased Shehnaz was hurriedly buried also points towards the guilt of accused persons. 

51. It was submitted that deceased Shehnaz was buried in the night and none of the neighbours or relatives were joined in the burial ceremony which is an important circumstance pointing towards the guilt of accused persons and said fact is proved on record by PW Salma, who was the care taker of the graveyard. 

52. It was further submitted that accused persons were   in   such   a   hurry   to   bury   deceased   Shehnaz that they did not even deposit the burial fees and even   proper   burial   ceremony   was   not   performed Page: 27/68 of   deceased   Shehnaz,   which   also   points   towards the guilt of accused persons. 

53. It was further submitted that apart from this, other circumstance which points towards the guilt of   accused   persons   is   that   when   prosecution witnesses i.e. PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur and   PW3   Mohd.Inaam   were   going   towards   the graveyard   in   search   of   dead   body   of   deceased Shehnaz, then on their way, they had met accused Bhura @ Ali, who had confessed about killing of deceased Shehnaz and this confession of accused Bhura   @   Ali   has   been   proved   on   record   by   the evidence   of   PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW2   Mohd.Gayur and   PW3   Mohd.Inaam   and   this   confession   of accused   Bhura   @   Ali   also   proves   on   record   that deceased Shehnaz was murdered. 

54. It was further submitted that in  the  present case,   motive   to   commit   murder   of   deceased Shehnaz   was   also   proved   on   record   by   the prosecution witnesses, who had deposed on oath Page: 28/68 that deceased Shehnaz and her mother i.e. accused Jaibun   were   having   illicit   relations   with   accused Bhura   @   Ali   and   that   is   why   deceased   Shehnaz was killed by accused Bhura @ Ali. Therefore, it is proved on record that accused Bhura @ Ali had a motive   to   commit   murder   of   deceased   Shehnaz. Accordingly, it was concluded by submitting that prosecution   has   been   able   to   prove   beyond reasonable   doubt   that   deceased   Shehnaz   was murdered by accused Bhura @ Ali and all accused persons had caused the evidence to disappear with regard   to   offence   of   murder   by   burying   the deceased Shehnaz in the dead of the night.

55. On   the   other   hand,   it   was   submitted   by Ld.counsel   for   accused   persons   that   prosecution has   miserably   failed   to   prove   its   case   beyond reasonable doubt. 

56. It   was   submitted   that   in   the   present   case, neither   the   complainant   Fakruddin   nor   the   eye witness Barkat Ali could be examined as they both Page: 29/68 expired   prior   to   their   examination.   Therefore, whatever  prosecution   witnesses  have   deposed  on oath   is  based  upon   hearsay   and  the   same   is  not admissible in evidence. 

57. It   is   further   submitted   that   prosecution   is relying   upon   various   circumstances   to   hold accused Bhura @ Ali and Anees Pradhan guilty for the offence of murder of deceased Shehnaz and all accused persons guilty of destroying the evidence. 

58. It   was   submitted   that   in   the   matter   of circumstantial evidence, motive for commission of crime   becomes   relevant   and   in   the   present   case, motive of crime has not been proved.

59. It   was   further   submitted   that   there   is   no incriminating substance coming on record against accused   persons   that   police   was   not   informed regarding death of deceased Shehnaz.

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60. It was submitted that PW3 Mohd.Inaam had informed the police thrice from his mobile phone, firstly on 07.09.2008 and twice on 09.09.2008 and in   all   the   three   calls,   PW3   Mohd.Inaam   had informed   the   police   regarding   commission   of suicide by deceased Shehnaz and no call was made regarding murder of deceased.

61. It   was   further   submitted   that   deceased Shehnaz   was   not   buried   in   suspicious circumstances as all prosecution witnesses i.e. PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur, PW3 Mohd.Inaam and   PW5   Meer   Hasan,   who   are   the   relatives   of deceased   Shehnaz,   had   accompanied   accused persons   to   graveyard   for   the   purpose   of   burying deceased Shehnaz. 

62. It was further submitted that since deceased was a muslim, therefore, burying of a dead body in the  night is not an incriminating circumstance as under the Muslim religion, it is permissible to bury the dead in the night and this fact has been proved Page: 31/68 by the admission of prosecution witnesses in their cross examination. 

63. It was further submitted that in  the  present case, even the medical opinion do not support the prosecution   story   that   deceased   Shehnaz   was murdered. It was submitted that as per evidence of PW6 Dr.Sreeniwas M., who was the Chairman of Medical Board, possibility of deceased committing suicide   was   not   ruled   out   as   per   his   report Ex.PW6/A. 

64. It   was   further   submitted   that   in   the   report Ex.PW6/A,   PW6   Dr.Sreenivas   M.  has   given detailed reasons as to why deceased Shehnaz could not have been smothered. 

65. It   was   further   submitted   that   the   fact   of deceased   Shehnaz   having   committed   suicide   is further corroborated by the evidence of PW18 ACP Abhay Singh Yadav, who has deposed on oath that when he visited the place of incident, he had found Page: 32/68 the bolt broken from inside of the door which also supports   the   defence   of   accused   persons   that deceased   Shehnaz   had   committed   suicide   by hanging   by   locking   herself   in   the   room   and accused persons being parents had broken the door of the room and had brought the body down.  

66. It was concluded by submitting that there is no   eye   witness   to   the   incident   and   whatever prosecution   witnesses   have   deposed   on   oath   is hearsay   evidence   which   is   inadmissible   and circumstances which have been brought on record against   accused   persons   do   not   unerringly   point towards   the   guilt   of   accused   persons.   Therefore, prosecution   has   miserably   failed   to   prove   that deceased Shehnaz was murdered by accused Bhura @   Ali   and   Anees   Pradhan   pursuant   to   their common   intention   and   all   accused   persons   had caused   evidence   to   disappear   with   regard   to murder   of   deceased   Shehnaz.   Accordingly,   a prayer was  made   to  acquit  accused  Bhura  @  Ali Page: 33/68 and Anees Pradhan for the offence under Section 302/34 IPC and all accused persons under Section 201/34 IPC. 

67. I   have   considered   the   rival   submissions   of respective counsels and have carefully perused the material available on record. 

68. It is an admitted case of the prosecution that there is no eye witness to the incident. PW Barkat Ali, who was the alleged eye witness, had expired prior to his deposition in the court. Therefore, the entire   case   of   the   prosecution   rests   upon   the circumstantial evidence. 

69. The   law   with   regard   to   appreciation   of circumstantial evidence has been laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in the matter of Sharad   Birdhichand   Sarda   v.   State   of Maharashtra AIR 1984 SC 1622 wherein a three­ Judge Bench has laid down five golden principles which constitute the "panchsheel" in respect of a Page: 34/68 case based on circumstantial evidence. Referring to the decision in Shivaji Sahebrao Bobade v. State of  Maharashtra,   AIR  1973   SC   2622:  (1973)   2 SCC   793,   it   was   opined   that   it   is   a   primary principle that:­  (A)   the   accused   must   be   and   not   merely may   be   guilty   before   a   Court   can   convict and the mental distance between `may be' and   `must   be'   is   long   and   divides   vague conjectures from sure conclusions. 

(B)   the   facts   so   established   should   be consistent  only   with   the   hypothesis   of   the guilt   of   the   accused,   that   is   to   say,   they should   not   be   explainable   on   any   other hypothesis except that the accused is guilty;

 

(C)   the   circumstances   should   be   of   a conclusive   nature   and   tendency   that   they should   exclude   every   possible   hypothesis except the one to be proved;

(D) that there must be a chain of evidence so complete as not to leave any reasonable ground   for   the   conclusion   consistent   with the innocence of the accused Page: 35/68 (E)   that   it   must   show   that   in   all   human probability the act must have been done by the accused." 

70. In Padala Veera Reddy v. State of Andhra Pradesh and Ors. 1989 Supp (2) SCC 706 : 1991 SCC (CRI) 407,  the Hon'ble Supreme Court held that   when   a   case   rests   upon   circumstantial evidence, the following tests must be satisfied: (1) the circumstances from which an inference of guilt is sought to be drawn, must be cogently and firmly established; (2) those circumstances should be of a definite tendency unerringly pointing towards guilt of   the   accused;   (3)   the   circumstances,   taken cumulatively, should form a chain so complete that there is no escape from the conclusion that within all human probability the crime was committed by the   accused   and   none   else;   and   (4)   the circumstantial   evidence   in   order   to   sustain conviction   must   be   complete   and   incapable   of explanation   of  any  other  hypothesis  than   that   of the guilt of the accused and such evidence should Page: 36/68 not only be consistent with the guilt of the accused but should be  inconsistent  with  his  innocence.  A similar   view   has   been   reiterated   in   Ramreddy Rajesh Khanna Reddy v. State of A.P. (2006) 10 SCC 172.

71. In Ram Singh v. Sonia and Ors., AIR  2007 SC   1218,  while   referring   to   the   settled   proof pertaining   to   circumstantial   evidence,   Supreme Court reiterated the principles about the caution to be kept in mind by Court. It has been held therein in para 39 that   "......in a case depending largely upon   circumstantial   evidence,   there   is   always   a danger that conjecture or suspicion may take the place of legal proof. The Court must satisfy itself that various circumstances in the chain of events have been established clearly and such completed chain   of   events   must   be   such   as   to   rule   out   a reasonable   likelihood   of   the   innocence   of   the accused. It has also been indicated that when the important   link   goes,   the   chain   of   circumstances Page: 37/68 gets snapped and the other circumstances cannot in any manner, establish the guilt of the accused beyond all reasonable doubts."

72. In Ujagar Singh v. State of Punjab,  (2007) 13   SCC   90,  after   referring   to   the   aforesaid principles   pertaining   to   the   evaluation   of circumstantial   evidence,   Supreme   Court   held   in para   14   that   "......it   must   nonetheless   be emphasised   that   whether   a   chain   is   complete   or not   would   depend   on   the   facts   of   each   case emanating   from   the   evidence   and   no   universal yardstick should ever be attempted."

73. Keeping   in   view   the   aforesaid   principles,   I shall   proceed   to   scrutinize   and   evaluate   the circumstances   to   find   out   whether   the   said circumstances   establish   the   guilt   of   the   accused persons beyond reasonable doubt or not?

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74. The prosecution is relying upon the following circumstances   to   prove   the   guilt   of   accused persons:­­

1. Motive of the Crime

2. Extra­judicial   confession   made   by   accused Bhura @ Ali.

3. The burial of deceased Shehnaz in suspicious manner in the night.

4. Non­informing the police regarding death of deceased.

5. Death   of   deceased  being   homicidal   and   not suicidal in nature. 

75. I shall discuss each circumstance separately to find   out   as   to   whether   circumstance   has   been proved   or   not   and   whether   circumstances   taken cumulatively leads to inescapable conclusion that accused persons only are guilty of the offence. 

Page: 39/68 Motive of the Crime  

76. PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur and PW5 Meer   Hasan   have   deposed   on   oath  that   accused Jaibun   was   having   illicit   relations   with  accused Bhura @ Ali and the same was being objected to by them but she continued with the same. 

77. The said fact was denied by accused persons in  the   cross   examination   by   giving   suggestion   to these witnesses.

78. Further,  accused   Bhura   @   Ali   and   accused Jaibun were in illicit relations has not been proved on record  as  PW3  Mohd.Inaam   and  PW7  Yakub, who   also  happens   to   be   brothers   of   PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur and relative of PW5 Meer Hasan have not corroborated the testimony of   PW1   Mohd.Sada,PW2   Mohd.Gayur   and   PW5 Meer Hasan. 

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79. Secondly, it has come in the evidence of PW1 Mohd.Sada   and   PW5   Meer  Hasan   that   family   of accused Bhuru, Jaibun and deceased had shifted to Delhi   08   days   prior   to   the   date   of   incident   and prior to that, family of accused Bhuru was staying in Sampla, District Rohtak, Haryana for about 1­ 1/2 year. 

80. Therefore, as per evidence of PW1 Mohd.Sada and   PW5   Meer   Hasan,   family   of   accused   Bhuru was   not   staying   in   Delhi   for   around   1­1/2   year prior to the date of incident. Therefore, any of the witness having knowledge of accused Jaibun and accused Bhura @ Ali being in illicit relations also does   not   arise   as   PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW2 Mohd.Gayur and PW3 Md.Inaam were admittedly staying in Delhi at that point of time. 

81. Even   assuming   that   accused   Jaibun   and accused Bhura @ Ali were in illicit relations, then also prosecution has not been able to establish on Page: 41/68 record   as   to   what   was   the   motive   for   accused Bhura   @   Ali   to   have   killed   deceased   Shehnaz. There   is   nothing   on   record   to   suggest   that deceased   Shehnaz   was   killed   as   she   objected   to relationship   between   accused   Bhura   @   Ali   and Jaibun. 

82. Therefore,   in   the   present   case,   motive   for committing   murder   of   deceased   Shehnaz   by accused Bhura @ Ali and Anees Pradhan has not been established on record. 

Non­informing the police regarding death of deceased  

83. The   prosecution   was   required   to   prove   on record that family of deceased had not informed the police regarding her death and, therefore, this was an incriminating substance. 

84. The   fact   of   police   being   informed   regarding death of deceased Shehnaz on the date of incident Page: 42/68 has   been   proved   on   record   by   the   prosecution witness i.e PW3 Mohd.Inaam.  

85. As per evidence of PW3 Mohd.Inaam, on the date of incident, one person, namely Ramesh had called the police at 100 number from the mobile phone   of   PW3   Mohd.Inaam   regarding   death   of deceased Shehnaz. 

86. The   said   deposition   made   by   PW3 Mohd.Inaam   that   he   himself   had   not   called   the police but one Ramesh had called the police is the false  deposition   made  by  PW3  Mohd.Inaam   as  it has come in the cross examination that he had not stated this fact in the statement given to the police that it was Ramesh, who had called the police from his mobile phone number. 

87. Further,   as   per   previous   statement   of   PW3 Mohd.Inaam given to police, it was he, who had Page: 43/68 called   the   police   regarding   death   of   deceased Shehnaz. 

88. The   fact   of   police   being   informed   on 07.09.2008,   regarding   the   death   of   deceased Shehnaz,   is further corroborated by the evidence of PW10 ASI Dharamvir Singh, who had reached at the   place   of   incident   on   receipt   of   information regarding death of deceased.

89. PW10 ASI Dharamvir Singh proved on record that he had received information regarding a girl having  committed suicide but when he reached at the spot, the caller was not available and even his mobile phone was found switched off. 

90. The police officials were further informed on 09.09.2008 regarding death of deceased and this fact has been proved by PW15 HC Naresh Kumar. 

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91. Therefore, in the present case, police was duly informed by PW3 Mohd.Inaam, who happens to be the uncle of deceased Shehnaz regarding her death and   if   accused   Bhuru   and   Jaibun,   who   were parents of deceased Shehnaz had not informed the police   personally,   then   it   is   not   a   circumstance which   creates   suspicion   regarding   the   role   of parents   of   deceased   Shehnaz   in   concealing   the death of deceased Shehnaz. 

92. What was material in this case was that police should   have   been   informed   regarding   death   of deceased Shehnaz and in case, if it was informed by   uncle   of   deceased   Shehnaz   i.e.   PW3 Mohd.Inaam, then it was sufficient compliance and it  cannot be said that accused persons had tried to conceal   the   death   of   deceased   Shehnaz   by   not informing the police. Therefore, this circumstance has not been proved on record by the prosecution that   police   was   not   informed   regarding   death   of deceased Shehnaz. 

Page: 45/68 The burial of deceased Shehnaz in suspicious manner in the night.

93. The prosecution was also required to establish on record that deceased Shehnaz was buried in the night   hurriedly   without   other   relatives   being informed and without following the Muslim rituals of burial. 

94. In this regard, prosecution has examined PW4 Salma,   who   was   the   care   taker   of   the   graveyard and she has deposed on oath that on the date of incident   at   about   8.00   p.m.,   accused   Anees Pradhan and accused Bhura @ Ali accompanied by one   unknown   person  had   come   there   and   had buried the dead body of deceased Shehnaz without taking receipt of Rs.500/­. 

95. PW4   Salma   had   also   deposed   on   oath   that only   three   persons   were   present   at   the   time   of Page: 46/68 burial   and   no   other   person   was   present   even outside the graveyard.

96. It   was   the   defence   of   accused   persons   that uncles of deceased had also accompanied them to the graveyard at the time of burial and they were waiting outside the graveyard. 

97. The said defence of accused persons has been established   on   record   by   the   admission   made   by PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW2   Mohd.Gayur   and   PW7 Yakub in their examination in chief that they had gone   to   the   graveyard   in   search   of   body   of deceased Shehnaz in the night. Therefore, going to the   graveyard   at   the   night   by   PW1   Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur and PW7 Yakub, who are uncles of   deceased   Shehnaz,   is   an   admitted   fact   of prosecution.     Further,   PW1   Mohd.Sada     deposed that they had left behind   Meer Hasan, Gayur, In­ aam and Gulbahar to guard the place  where de­ ceased was buried.  

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98. It   has   also   come   in   the   evidence   of   PW4 Salma  that   she   was   suffering   from   fever   on   that day and she was lying on the cot. Therefore, possi­ bility   of   PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW2   Mohd.Gayur   and PW7 Yakub being present outside the graveyard, as is the defence of accused persons, cannot be ruled out as it was not expected from PW4 Salma to be aware   about   persons,   who   were   present   outside the graveyard having regard to night time and to the health condition of PW4 Salma at that point of time. 

99. Further,   burial   of   deceased   Shehnaz   in   the night is also not a suspicious circumstance as it has come in the cross examination of PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur and PW4 Salma that it is permis­ sible   under   the   Muslim   religion   to   bury   the   de­ ceased at night. 

100. It   was   voluntarily   deposed   by  PW1   Mo­ hd.Sada in his cross examination that burial has to Page: 48/68 be according to Muslim rituals and tradition.    He had   further   deposed   in   his   examination   in   chief that   when   the   body   was   exhumed,   it   was   found that it was buried without following the rituals as prescribed   in   the   Muslim   religion   as   there   is   no kaffan   (Shroud)   on   the   body   and   no   wooden planks inside the place of burial.

101. The said deposition of PW1 Mohd.Sada that deceased was buried without following the Muslim rituals and tradition has not been corroborated by PW4 Salma in whose presence, deceased Shehnaz was   buried   and   who   was   the   care   taker   of   the graveyard. 

102. Further,   the   photographs   at   the   time   of exhuming the body of deceased which are part of the   judicial   record   also   do   not   support   the testimony of PW1 Mohd.Sada. 

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103. In   the   photographs,   it   is   clearly   visible   that while body was being taken out, it was having a kaffan (shroud) on the body and wooden planks inside the place of burial are also visible. 

104. Therefore, there is no evidence on record to show   that   burial   of   deceased   at   night   was   done without following the Muslim tradition and rituals.

 

105. It was further deposed to by PW1 Mohd.Sada that when the body was exhumed, it was found to have been buried near the stone placard of Yakub. However, PW5 Meer Hasan did not corroborate the testimony of PW1 Mohd.Sada and he deposed that body   was   exhumed   from   the   stone   placard   of Rafiq. Therefore, there is a contradiction as to from where   the   body   of   deceased   Shehnaz   was recovered. 

106. Further,   testimony   of   PW1   Mohd.Sada   and PW5   Meer   Hasan   is   not   corroborated   by   PW4 Salma,   care   taker   of   the   graveyard   and   also   by Page: 50/68 PW11 Sh.Surender Singh, SDM in whose presence body was exhumed as both PW4 Salma and PW11 Sh.Surender   Singh   have   nowhere   deposed   that body  was exhumed from stone placard   either of Yakub or Rafiq.

107. Further, even the photographs of exhumation do  not   corroborate   the   testimony   of   PW1 Mohd.Sada and PW5 Meer Hasan. Therefore, even this fact has not been proved on record. 

108. It has also come on record in the statement of PW11 Sh.Surender Singh that he had recorded the statement   of   Fakruddin,   who   happens   to   be grandfather   of   deceased   Shehnaz   and   that   of Gayur, who happens to be uncle of deceased and he   had   proved   on   record   the   statements   which were recorded in his own handwriting Ex.PW11/C of Fakruddin and Ex.PW11/D of Gayur. 

109. In   both   the   statements   of   Fakruddin   and Gayur Ex.PW11/C and Ex.PW11/D respectively, it Page: 51/68 is specifically mentioned that accused Bhura @ Ali had   told   them   regarding   suicide   of   deceased Shehnaz and he also asked some of the relatives to accompany   him   for   the   purpose   of   burial. Therefore,   statement   of   Fakruddin   and   Gayur Ex.PW11/C   and   Ex.PW11/D   respectively   also proves on record that burial of deceased was not done in suspicious manner and all the family and relatives were duly informed about the burial. 

110. Therefore,   this   circumstance   of   burying   the deceased   Shehnaz   at   night   is   not   incriminating against accused persons. 

Extra­judicial confession made by accused Bhura @ Ali

111.   The   prosecution   has   also   relied   upon   an important   circumstance   i.e.   extra   judicial confession   of   accused   Bhura   @   Ali   regarding   he murdering the deceased Shehnaz. 

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112. To   prove   the   extra   judicial   confession, prosecution   examined   PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW2 Mohd.Gayur   and   PW3   Mohd.Inaam,   who   are uncles of deceased Shehnaz and all have deposed on   oath   that   when   they   were   going   towards   the graveyard   in   search   of   body   of   deceased,   then accused   Bhura   @   Ali   had   met   them   on   the motorcycle and he had told them that he had killed deceased Shehnaz. 

113. It   is   a   settled   principle   of   law   that   extra judicial confession is a very weak type of evidence and it should be accepted with circumspection and it   should   be   generally   corroborated   by   other material particulars.

114. In the present case, the alleged extra judicial confession made by accused Bhura @ Ali has not been   proved   on   record   as   evidence   of   PW1 Mohd.Sada,   PW2   Mohd.Gayur   and   PW3 Mohd.Inaam   has   not   been   corroborated   by   PW5 Page: 53/68 Meer   Hasan   and   PW7   Yakub   who   had   also accompanied them to the graveyard in the night. 

115.   PW5   Meer   Hasan   has   not   corroborated regarding accused Bhura @ Ali making confession to have killed deceased Shehnaz and PW7 Yakub has   only   deposed  that   accused   Bhura  @   Ali   had told them about burial of deceased and he had not deposed   that   accused   Bhura   @   Ali   confessed   to have   killed   the   deceased.   Therefore,   making   of confession   by   accused   Bhura   @   Ali   is   itself   in doubt as material prosecution witnesses i.e.   PW5 Meer Hasan and PW7 Yakub have not supported the   extra   judicial   confession   made   by     accused Bhura @ Ali.

116. Another   fact   which   creates   a   doubt   that accused   Bhura   @   Ali   had   made   a   confession   of having killed deceased Shehnaz is the statement of Fakruddin   Ex.11/C   and   Gayur   Ex.PW11/D recorded by PW11 Sh.Surender Singh. 

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117. In the said statement, accused Bhura @ Ali is telling   witnesses   about   commission   of   suicide   by deceased Shehnaz.   Therefore, it is not believable that   accused   Bhura   @   Ali,   who   had   told grandfather   of   deceased   Shehnaz   i.e.   Fakruddin and   uncle   of   deceased   Shehnaz   i.e.   Gayur   that deceased   Shehnaz   had   committed   suicide,   will later on, incriminate himself by confessing to PW1 Mohd.Sada,   PW2   Mohd.Gayur   and   PW3 Mohd.Inaam that he had killed the deceased. 

118. Another fact which creates a doubt regarding making   of   extra   judicial   confession   by   accused Bhura   @   Ali   before   PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW2 Mohd.Gayur and PW3 Mohd.Inaam is the evidence of   PW3   Mohd.Inaam,   who   also   happens   to   be uncle of deceased Shehnaz.

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119. As   per   his   evidence,   eye   witness   Barkat   Ali had told him that accused Bhura @ Ali had killed his niece Shehnaz. 

120. However, the police call which was made by PW3 Mohd Inaam at 100 number on 07.09.2008 is with regard to suicide by deceased Shehnaz which stands proved on record by the evidence of PW10 ASI Dharamvir Singh. 

121. Therefore,   if   accused   Bhura   @   Ali   had confessed   to   have   killed   deceased   Shehnaz,   then PW3 Mohd.Inaam should have informed the police about murder of deceased Shehnaz and not about her suicide. 

122. Further, even Fakruddin, who happens to be grandfather   of   deceased   Shehnaz,   and   whose statement   was   recorded   on   10.09.2008   also   did not tell the SDM in his statement Ex.PW11/C that accused   Bhura   @   Ali   had   confessed   about Page: 56/68 murdering   the   deceased   Shehnaz   in   front   of   his sons, namely, PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd.Gayur and PW3 Mohd Inaam. 

123. Further, even on 09.09.2008, when the police was informed, then also no information was given regarding murder of deceased by accused Bhura @ Ali as has been proved on record by the evidence of PW15 HC Naresh Kumar.

124. Further,   in   the   present   case,  even   death   of deceased to be homicidal is in doubt as per report of Medical Board Ex.PW6/A proved on record by PW6 Dr.Sreenivas M.

125. Therefore,   in   the   present   case,   neither   the extra judicial confession has been proved on record nor   alleged   confession   is   being   corroborated   by material   particulars   to   show   that   deceased Shehnaz  was  murdered.     Hence,   prosecution   has Page: 57/68 failed   to   prove   on   record   the   making   of   extra judicial confession by accused Bhura @ Ali.

 Death of deceased being homicidal and not suicidal in nature. 

126.   The prosecution was also required to prove on   record   that   death   of   deceased   Shehnaz   was homicidal in nature. 

127. The   only   eye   witness   to   the   incident   as  per prosecution case was Barkat Ali. However, he had expired prior to his deposition.  

128. However, PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW5 Meer Hasan and PW7 Yakub have all deposed on oath that they were told by Barkat Ali that he had witnessed the killing   of   deceased   by   accused   Bhura   @   Ali. Therefore, whatever PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW5 Meer Hasan   and   PW7   Yakub   have   deposed   is   hearsay evidence and the same is not admissible. 

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129. The   contention   of   Ld.Addl.PP   for   State   that evidence   of   PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW5   Meer   Hasan and PW7 Yakub is admissible as per Section 6 of the   Indian   Evidence   Act,   1872   is   required   to   be rejected. 

130. Section 6 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 is an   exception   to   the   rule   which   makesh   hearsay evidence     to   be  admissible   in   the   court   of   law. However, to make the hearsay evidence admissible as per Section 6 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, the witness who had seen the offence being taking place should state the facts regarding offence with continuity and such statement should be  contem­ poraneous   with   the   act   which   constitutes   an   of­ fence to rule out possibility of concoction. 

131. In the present case, it is an admitted fact that none of the witnesses i.e. PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW5 Meer Hasan and PW7 Yakub were present at the time when allegedly Barkat Ali had seen   accused Page: 59/68 Bhura @ Ali killing the deceased Shehnaz as they have admitted this fact in their cross examination.  

132. Therefore, the alleged narration by Barkat Ali after   the   alleged   killing   of   deceased   Shehnaz,   to PW1   Mohd.Sada,   PW5   Meer   Hasan   and   PW7 Yakub was not a spontaneous and contemporane­ ous   act   and,   therefore,   the   hearsay   deposition made by PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW5 Meer Hasan and PW7 Yakub is not admissible as per Section 6 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

133. Further, even the fact of Barkat Ali witnessing the alleged killing of deceased Shehnaz by accused Bhura @ Ali at the house of accused jaibun is not supported by the testimony of PW3 Mohd.Inaam, who happens to be uncle of deceased Shehnaz, and brother of PW1 Mohd.Sada, PW2 Mohd Gayur and PW7 Yakub. 

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134. It   has   come   in   the   examination   in   chief   of PW3 Mohd.Inaam that after hearing about killing of deceased Shehnaz by accused Bhura @ Ali from Barkat   Ali   at   the   house   of   accused   Jaibun,   PW3 Mohd.Inaam had gone to the house of accused Jai­ bun   alongwith   his   brothers   and   after   making   in­ quiries from nearby dairy,   he had come to know that no such incident had taken place at the house of accused Jaibun. 

135. Therefore, prosecution own witness i.e. PW3 Mohd.Inaam did not believe the eye witness Barkat Ali witnessing killing of deceased Shehnaz by ac­ cused Bhura @ Ali at house of accused Jaibun. 

136. Further, it has also come in the testimony of PW15 HC Naresh Kumar that he had gone to the place   of   incident   on   09.09.2008   alongwith   ASI Hari   Singh   and   there,   they   had   met   Barkat   Ali, who   had   taken   them   to   the   place   of   incident, where deceased had committed suicide. 

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137. PW15   HC   Naresh   Kumar   nowhere   has   de­ posed that Barkat Ali had told them that he had seen the murder of deceased Shehnaz being com­ mitted by accused Bhura @ Ali. 

138. Therefore, the evidence of PW3 Mohd.Inaam and PW15 HC Naresh Kumar creates a doubt about Barkat Ali, being a witness to the murder of de­ ceased Shehnaz. 

139. Further,   death   of   deceased   Shehnaz   being homicidal is also not corroborated by the medical evidence. 

140. In the present case, final post mortem of de­ ceased Shehnaz was conducted by PW8 Dr.Parvin­ der Singh and he had given the post mortem exam­ ination report Ex.PW8/A and as per the same, no poison   was   detected   in   the   body   of   deceased Shehnaz as per viscera report and he opined possi­ Page: 62/68 bility   of   hanging   (asphyxial   death   other   than smothering) by a soft ligature material cannot be ruled out. 

141. In the initial opinion, PW8 Dr.Parvinder Singh had   stated   that   immediate   cause   of   death   is   as­ phyxia and possibility of being smothered cannot be ruled out. 

142. In   the   light   of   report   Ex.PW8/A,   a   Medical Board   was   constituted   in   this   case   which   was headed by PW6 Dr. Sreenivas M., being the Chair­ man of Medical Board and he had given his report Ex.PW6/A   wherein   detailed   reasons   have   been given as to why death in this case was not on ac­ count of smothering. 

143. The   relevant   opinion   is   being   reproduced herein as under:­­ Opinion was given as under:­­

1. Time since death is approximately 3­4 days at the time of P.M.examination.

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2. "Immediate cause of death is asphyxia. Possibil­ ity of being smothered cannot be ruled out. How­ ever, Viscera has been preserved to rule out any as­ sociated poisoning".

Again on 22.10.2008, the doctor gave the opinion that   "Definite   opinion   regarding   cause   of   death cannot   be   given   at   this   stage   till   the   report   of chemical anaylsis of viscera is made available by the I.O.". 

The viscera was sent to FSL Rohini and the final result obtained as, "on chemical, Microscopic, TLC & GC­MS examination, Metallic poisons, ethyl and methyl alcohol, cyanide, phosphide, alkaloids, bar­ biturates, tranquilizers and insecticides, could not be detected in the viscera".

The Final opinion by the doctor regarding cause of death, "since the body was in advancing stage of decomposition,   the   ligature   marks   and   other   in­ juries could not be appreciated on the body of the deceased hence the possibility of hanging (asphyx­ ial death other than smothering) by a soft ligature material cannot be ruled out". 

Opinion:

Serial wise answers to the queries raised by the po­ lice are as follows:­­ Page: 64/68
1. No definite cause of death can be given in this case based on the documents and other evidence provided.
2.   No   External/Internal   injuries   have   been   men­ tioned in the PM report.
3. Not applicable.
4.   The   possibility   that   the   deceased   could   have committed suicide by hanging via soft ligature, in the circumstances as stated cannot be ruled out.
5.  There are no injuries/any other findings men­ tioned in the PM report to support asphyxial death by smothering.

Smothering as a mode of homicide is usually per­ petrated on children, elderly and persons of weak constitution. It is not reasonable to expect an adult healthy person to be overpowered easily so as to be smothered to death.   Had a group of persons perpetrated this mode of assault on the deceased there ought to be signs of struggle on the body of the deceased.

In case of smothering injuries usually occur to the lips, mouth, nose and face; such injuries were not present   in   this   case.   (Such   injuries   are   apparent even after decomposition sets in).

Page: 65/68 The deceased was not in an inebriated state as sub­ stantiated by the viscera chemical analysis report which was negative for alcohol and other common poisons.

In   such   a   scenario   one   would   reasonably   expect the deceased to have offered some resistance to an assault.  In such encounters, injuries are invariably inflicted on the body of the victim resulting from the struggle during the assault when he/she is over powered   by   a   group   of   men.   Such   injuries   are again conspicuous by their absence ( find no men­ tion in the PM report and also not found on the body as seen in the photographs).

The opinion of death occurring as a result of as­ phyxia due to smothering cannot be substantiated in this case.

The circumstantial evidence of the case seems to favour   that   the   deceased   committed   suicide,   by hanging:

a.  The door of the room where she was allegedly found hanging was bolted   from  within  and was subsequently broken down.
b.   A chunni was found tied to a bolt.
In case where the ligature material is soft & the en­ tire body is not suspended but parts of the body are touching & are supported by ground i.e. partial hanging, the constricting force on the neck acting Page: 66/68 via the ligature material is not the entire weight of the body but only part of it, and if the duration of such   partial   hanging   is   short,   the   ligature   mark caused on the neck might be faint and inconspicu­ ous. 
These could be the reasons as to why no ligature mark   could   be   appreciated   at   the   time   of   post mortem examination, especially in the instant case where decomposition had set in and peeling of su­ perficial layers of skin had occurred at places on the dead body.
In these circumstances and scenario as mentioned above, the possibility that the deceased could have committed   suicide   by   hanging   via   soft   ligature, cannot be ruled out. 
144. Therefore,   as   per   the   opinion   given   by   the Medical Board vide their report Ex.PW6/A, possi­ bility of deceased Shehnaz committing suicide by hanging could not be ruled out. However, smother­ ing could not be substantiated as there was no poi­ son or alcohol found in the body of deceased and there was no injuries on the body of deceased. 
145. Therefore,   both   medical   reports   Ex.PW6/A and Ex.PW8/A do not give any opinion that death Page: 67/68 of deceased Shehnaz was homicidal in nature. On the contrary, report of Medical Board is suggestive of the fact that deceased Shehnaz had committed suicide by hanging which was the defence of ac­ cused persons in this case. 
146. Therefore, the medical reports Ex.PW6/A and Ex.PW8/A supports the defence of accused persons that deceased Shehnaz had committed suicide   in this case and it was not the case of murder.
147. In the light of above discussion, none of the circumstance   which   could   have   established   the guilt of accused persons beyond reasonable doubt has been proved on record by the prosecution to complete the chain of circumstances and to point unerringly towards guilt of accused persons. There­ fore, prosecution has failed to prove that accused Bhura @ Ali and Anees Pradhan have committed murder   of   deceased   Shehnaz   or   all   accused   per­ sons   pursuant   to   their   common   intention   have Page: 68/68 caused  evidence   to   disappear   in   connection   with alleged murder of deceased Shehnaz. 
148. In   the   facts,  accused   Anees   Pradhan   and Bhura @ Ali are acquitted under Section 302/34 IPC for the offence of having committed murder of deceased Shehnaz whereas  all four accused per­ sons   namely   Anees   Pradhan,   Bhura   @   Ali, Bhuru and Jaibun are acquitted under Section 201/34 IPC. 
149. In terms of  Section 437A Cr.P.C  let accused persons   furnish   personal   bonds   in   the   sum   of Rs.10,000/­each with one surety each of the like amount   with   undertaking   to   appear   before   the appellate   court as and when they receive notice from it. Digitally signed VIKAS by VIKAS DHULL DHULL Date: 2018.12.18 17:21:59 +0530 Announced in the open court  (Vikas Dhull) Dated: 18.12.2018        Spl. Judge (PC Act) (CBI)­03     Dwarka Courts/New Delhi