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Madhya Pradesh High Court

Shyamsingh vs Energy Department on 30 April, 2015

Author: P.K. Jaiswal

Bench: P.K. Jaiswal

                                  1
                                                         WP No.9052/2014

     HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH: BENCH AT INDORE
                        D.B.:Hon'ble Shri P.K. Jaiswal
                                Hon'ble Shri Tarun Kumar Kaushal, JJ.

Writ Petition (PIL) No.9052/2014 Shyam Singh s/o Narayan Singh Versus The State of Madhya Pradesh & others * * * * * Shri Amit Singh Sisodia, advocate for the petitioner. Smt. Vinita Phaye, Government Advocate for respondents No.1  to 4 / State.

None for respondents No.5 and 6.

Smt. Archana Kher, advocate for respondent No.7.

* * * * * O R D E R  (Passed on this 30th day of April, 2015) Per P.K. Jaiswal, J.

The   petitioner   has   preferred   the   present   writ  petition as a public interest litigation against the allotment  of   reserved  Charnoi  (Grazing)   land,   which   is   situated   at  villages   Kamalakhedi   and   Goyal   to   respondent   No.7   for  establishment of a Solar Energy Plant.

2. According   to   the   petitioner,   the   allotment   of  land to respondent No.7 by respondents No.1 to 4 / State  of Madhya Pradesh is illegal, arbitrary and in violation of  the   provisions   of   Madhya   Pradesh   Land   Revenue   Code,  1959 (herein after referred to as "the Code") and Revenue  Book   Circular.     According   to   him,   allotment   of  Charnoi  land   has   been   made   in   violation   of   the   provisions   of  Section 234 and 237 of the Code, and therefore, prayed for  2 WP No.9052/2014 the following relief: ­ "RELIEF SOUGHT:

That,   the   petitioner   craves   indulgence   of   this  Hon'ble Court for granting the following relief: ­ i That, the Hon'ble Court may be pleased to  allow   the   present   petition   and   direct   the  respondent   to   quash   the   allotment   and  possession   letters   so   issued   in   favour   of  respective respondents.
ii That, the respective officers and persons so  involved for such fraudulent act be punished. iii That, the entire concerned record be called  before the Hon'ble Court.
iv That,   any   other   relief   which   this   Hon'ble  Court   may   deem   fit,   under   the   facts   and  circumstances   of   the   case,   may   kindly   be  granted in faour of the petitioner." 
 

3. According to the petitioner, he is an agriculturist  and public spirited person and has been working for the  welfare   of   the   public   at   large   in   and   around   village  Kamalakhedi and Goyal, District Ratlam.  The petition has  been   filed   in   the   interest   of   remote   villagers   at   large   of  both the villages whose livelihood solely depend upon the  crops, the pet animals and cattle and for which if the cattle  field (Charnoi land) is restricted further, then the villagers  would   have   further  difficult   life  to  look  after  themselves  and their families.

4. Brief facts of the case are that the Solar Energy  Corporation of India (SECI), which is established under the  administrative   control   of   Ministry   of   New   &   Renewal  3 WP No.9052/2014 Energy Department, Government of India and identified as  an   implementing   Nodal   Agency   for   Solar   Power   Projects  under Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM).  Respondent   No.7,   in   pursuance   to   the   advertisement   for  selection of Solar Power Developers for 750 Megawatt Grid  Connected   Solar   Photovoltaic   Projects   under   JNNSM  Phase­II,   Batch­I,   submitted  his  bid   and   was  selected   for  executing 30 Megawatt (10+10+10) Projects.  A Letter of  Intent (LOI) in favour of respondent No.7 was issued and  he executed three separate 10 Megawatt each, totalling 30  Megawatt Power Purchase Agreements (PPAS) as well as  Viability   Gap   Funding   Securitization   (VGFS)   agreements  with  SECI  on  28th  March,   2014   for  installing  the  project  and   commissioning   the   project   in   the   State   of   Madhya  Pradesh within thirteen months of signing of the PPA.

5. The Power Sale Agreement (PSA) was signed by SECI  and   MP   Power   Management   Company   Limited,   Jabalpur  (MPPMCL),   which   is   a   Government   of   Madhya   Pradesh  undertaking   and   also   a   buying   utility   company   of  Government   of   Madhya   Pradesh   and   the   entire   power  generated   from   by   the   respondents   Solar   Plant   will   be  allocated   to   MPPMCL   against   above   Power   Sale  Agreement. 

6. The Government of Madhya Pradesh to develop  and to encourage the Solar Power Project in the State of  Madhya Pradesh has issued a policy known as "Police of  4 WP No.9052/2014 Implementation of Solar Power Based Projects in Madhya  Pradesh, 2012" and the aforesaid policy is notified in the  official gazette dated 20.07.2012.   As per the policy, New  &   Renewable   Energy   Department   (NRE)   Bhopal   is   the  Nodal Agency of the Government of Madhya Pradesh and  has the responsibility to implementation of the policy.  As  per the guidelines of the policy, in case of land owned by  Revenue   Department   or   any   other   State   Government  Department, NRE Department shall take possession of the  land and subsequently give permission for use of land to  the   concerned   developers.     As   per   the   policy,   the   Solar  Power   Developer   can   be   given   land   use   permission   for  maximum   3   hectare   per   Megawatt.     Respondent   No.7   -  company applied for allotment of 74.07 hectare of land in  Village   Kamalakhedi   and   Goyal.     The   Collector,   Ratlam  (respondent No.2) by order dated 07.10.2014 (Annexure  P/11) allotted the government Nakabil Kast Land of area  16.010 hectare  of Survey No.1; Charnoi land of area 0.460  hectare   of   Survey   No.3;   Charnoi   land   of   area   of   1.670  hectare out of 1.690 hectare of Survey No.4; Charnoi land  of  area   of  2.100   hectare   out  of  2.360   hectare   of  Survey  No.5; Charnoi land of area of 6.690 hectare out of 11.880  hectare   of   Survey   No.51;   Nakabil   Kast   Land   of   area   of  9.880 hectare out of total 16.300 hectare of Survey No.52;  Nakabil Kast Land of area of 3.230 hectare  out of 3.230  hectare  of   Survey   No.55;   total   area   40.040   hectare   of  5 WP No.9052/2014 village   Goyal,   Tahsil   Alot,   District   Ratlam;   and  Charnoi  land of area of 11.620 hectare and Nakabil Kast Land of  7.620 hectare of Survey No.303; Nakabil Kast Land of area  of 4.040 hectare of Survey No.304; Nakabil Kast Land of  area of 0.600 hectare of Survey No.306; Nakabil Kast Land  of area of 12.030 hectare of Survey No.307/1; Nakabil Kast  Land of area of 5.740 hectare of Survey No.426; total area  34.030 hectare of Village Kamalakhedi, as per the policy of  2012   and   Part­Four­2,   Clause­5   of   the   Revenue   Book  Circular,   as  amended   vide   circular   dated   04.03.2014,   on  the following terms: ­ "1- izLrkfor ifj;kstuk vUrxZr tks Hkwfe fLFkr gS]mlds fuokfl;ksa ,oa eosfl;ksa ,oa eosf'k;ksa dks mDr Hkwfe ds fuLrkjh ,oa vU; iz;kstu vUrxZr vke mi;ksx ij dksbZ jksd ugh yxk;h tkosxh] ijUrq jksd ml lhek rd okftc gksxh tgkW rd og izLrkfor ifj;kstuk ds midj.kksa ds midj.kksa dh lqj{kk ds fy;s vko';d gksxhA izLrkfor ifj;kstuk esa fo|qr la;= ,oa flfoy fuekZ.k tSls fd ikWoj gkml] midj.k ds 'ksM igqWpekxZ vkfn dh lqj{kk ds fy;s pkjks vksj Qsaflax dj ldrs gS] 'ks"k Hkqfe fcYdqy [kqyh j[kh tkosxh rkfd xzkeh.k ,oa muds eosf'k;ksa ds fuLrkj esa fdlh izdkj dh cka/kk mRiUu ugha gksA 2- izLrkfor Hkqfe ij fLFkr dksbZ Hkh o`{k bl U;k;ky; dh vuqefr ds cxSj ugha dkVk tkosxk] o`{k ,oa mldk dCtk 'kkldh; gh jgsxkA 3- Hkqfe dk mi;ksx izLrkfor iz;kstuk ,oa mlds lh/ks vuq"kkafxd iz;kstu ds vykok vU; fdlh iz;kstu ds fy;s ugha fd;k tkosxkA 4- Hkqfe dk of.kZr iz;kstu ds fy;s mi;ksx u gksus vU;Fkk vU; iz;kstu gksus ;k iz;kstu can gks tkus dh fLFkfr esa Hkwfe o ml ij fufeZr ifjlaifRr;kW Loesao gha 'kklu ¼jktLo foHkkx½ esa fufgr gks tkosxhA 5- Hkwfe ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx ;k ml ij fufeZr fdlh Hkh Hkkx dks of.kZr izLrkfor ifj;kstuk ds vykok vU; fdlh Hkh iz;kstu ds fy;s mi;ksx esa ugh yk;k tkosaxkA 6- 'kklu ds izfrfuf/k ,oa bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu;qDr izfrfuf/k Hkqfe ds lgh mi;ksx rFkk yxk;h xbZ 'krkZs ds ikyu dh n`f"V ls Hkwfe dk ;k ml ij fufeZr fdlh Hkh laifRr dk dHkh Hkh ckà; vFkok vkarfjr fujh{k.k dj ldsxkA"

Possession   of   the   aforesaid   land   was   delivered   on  6 WP No.9052/2014 14.10.2014 vide Annexure P/12.
7. It   is   submitted   by   the   learned   counsel   for   the  petitioner   that   the   allotment   has   been   made   without  following   the   mandatory   provisions   of   Sections   234   and  237 of the Code and Revenue Book Circular.  According to  the   petitioner,   the   State   Government   had   allotted   16.37  hectares of land in favour of respondent No.7 and less than  2% of the land was left for the purpose of grazing.
8. In reply, it is submitted that in village Kamalakhedi  total arable (cultivable) land is 271.02 hectare and out of  which,  Charnoi  land is 16.69 hectare and 2% of this area  comes   to   5.42   hectares,   which   is  Charnoi  land   and   in  village  Goyal, total land is 502.39 hectares out of which  27.38 hectares of the land comes to 10.04 hectares, which  is Charnoi land.
9. As per the provisions of Section 237 of the Code,  the Collector by an order can set apart the unoccupied land  and can divert the land  for other purpose subject to the  fact   that   minimum   2%   of   the   agriculture   land   of   that  village is left for the purpose of exercise of land for Nistar  rights.   In the case in hand, total  Charnoi  land in village  Kamalakhedi is 16.69 hectares.  The land allotted to Solar  Energy   Plant   is   34.03   hectares,   which   comprises  of   7.62  hectares  Charnoi  land and 26.41 hectares of Nakabil Kast  Land,   thus,   the   total  Charnoi  Land   remaining   after  allotment is 09.07 hectares, which is more than 2% of the  7 WP No.9052/2014 total Charnoi Land.
10. The total Charnoi Land in Village Goyal is 27.38  hectares.  The land allotted to Solar Energy Plant is 40.04  hectares, which comprises of 10.92 hectares Charnoi Land  and 29.12 hectares of Nakabil Kast Land.   Thus, the total  Charnoi  land remaining after allotment is 16.37 hectares,  which is more than 2% of the total Charnoi land. 
11.  From   the   aforesaid,   it   is   clear   that   total   land  which has been allotted still has 09.07 hectares of land in  village Kamalakhedi and 16.37 hectares of land in village  Goyal as Nistar Charnoi land, which is more than 2% of the  land available.     Meaning thereby there is no violation to  the provisions of Section 237 of the Code, while making  allotment for the purpose of the establishment of the Solar  Energy Plant.  
12. There is no violation to the provision of Section  237 of the Code while making allotment for the purpose of  the appointment of the solar energy plant.
13. The second contention of the petitioner, that the  allotment of the hand has been made without following the  provisions of Sections 234 and 237 of the Code.  Sections  234 and 237 of the Code read, as under: ­ "234.     Preparation   of   Nistar   Patrak.­   (1)   The  Sub Divisional Officer shall, consistently with the  provisions of this Code and the rules made there­ under,   prepare   a   Nistar   Patrak   embodying   a  scheme of management of all unoccupied land in  a   village   and  all   matters   incidental  thereto  and  8 WP No.9052/2014 more   particularly   matters   specified   in   section 
235. (2)     A   draft   of   the   Nistar   Patrak   shall   be  published in the village and after ascertaining the  wishes of the Gram Sabha, it shall be finalized by  Sub Divisional Officer.
(3)  A copy of the Nistar Patrak so finalized shall  be kept in the office of the Gram Panchayat. (4)  On a resolution passed by the Gram Sabha by  a   majority   of   not   less   than   two   third   of   the  members present and voting, the Sub Divisional  Officer   with   the   prior   sanction   of   the   Collector  and   also   after   making   any   such   inquiry   as   he  deems fit, may,
(a)     inter   se   change   the   entries   in   the  Nistar Patrak;
(b)     record   additional   unoccupied   land  under   any   entry   in   the   Nistar   Patrak   for  fulfillment   of   further   Nistar   rights   of  villagers.

237.  Collector to set apart land for exercise of  Nistar   rights.   -   (1)   Subject   to   the   rules   made  under   this   Code,   the   Collector   may   set   apart  unoccupied   land   for   the   following   purposes,  namely, ­

(a) for timber or fuel reserve;

(b) for pasture, grass bir or fodder reserve;

(c)   for   burial   ground   and   cremation  ground;  

(d) for gaonthan;

(e) for enacamping ground;

(f) for threshing floor;

(g) for bazar;

(h) for skinning ground;

(i) for manure pits;

(j) for public purposes such as schools, play  grounds,   parks   road,   lanes,   drains  and the like; and

(k) for any other purposes which may be  prescribed for the exercise of right of  Nistar.

(2) [x x x] [Deleted in MP by MP Act 42 of 2011] (3)  Subject   to the  rules made  under this Code,  9 WP No.9052/2014 the Collector after securing the land mentioned in  clause   (b)   of   sub­section   (1)   to   minimum   two  percent   of   the   total   agriculture   land   of   that  village,   may   divert   such   unoccupied   land   as  mentioned   in   sub­section   (1)   into   abadi   or   for  construction   of   roads,   state   highways,   national  highways,   canals,   tanks,   hospitals,   schools,  colleges,   Goshalas   and   any   other   public   utility  projects,   as   may   be   determined   by   the   State  Government;

Provided that the land set apart for the purposes  mentioned in sub­section (1) shall not be diverted  and   allotted   to   any   person   for   agriculture  purpose.

(4)  When it becomes indispensable to divert the  land set apart for the purposes mentioned in sub­ section   (1)   for   such   development   and  infrastructural   projects   which   are   owned   or  approved   by   the   State   Government   but   not  covered under sub­section (3), the Collector, after  satisfying   himself   on   alternatives   available   and  also   on   obtaining   land   of   equivalent   area   for  fulfilling   the   same   Nistar   rights   from   the  concerned project, may divert the land for such  purposes   by   passing   a   reasoned   order   to   this  effect."

14. Under   Section   236   of   the   Code,   powers   have  been   given   to   the   Collector   to   make   provisions   for   free  grazing   of   the   cattle   used   for   agriculture   and   once   the  provision   has   been   made   and   land   is   reserved   for   free  grazing   of  cattle,   the   land   use   cannot   be   changed   easily  and that too, merely for the personal use of the individuals.

15. As   per   record,   the   Collector   exercising   the  powers   under   Section   237   (2)   of   the   Code   had   granted  permission to respondent No.7 to use the land recorded as  10 WP No.9052/2014 Charnoi land for setting up of Solar Energy Plant.

16. A   Division   Bench   in  Amar   Singh  v.  Raghuvir  Singh, 1980 RN 6 (DB) held that under sub­section (2) of  Section   237   of   the   code,   the   Collector   is   authorized   to  divert land  for purposes mentioned in sub­section (1) of  Section 237 inter se, but did not have powers to divert the  unoccupied   land   for   non­agricultural   purposes   under  agricultural purpose.  Division Bench also took note of the  fact   that   by   the   Amendment   Act   No.24   of   1961,   the  legislature   intended   that   in   spite   of   Collector,   Sub  Divisional   Officer   must   exercise   powers,   power   of  modification   of   any   entry   in   the   Nistar   Patrak,   and  accordingly   vested   such   powers   on   the   Sub   Divisional  Officer in sub­section (3) of Section 234 of the Code and  held   that   this   amendment   act   brought   about   material  change   in   the   powers   of   the   powers   of   the   Collector,  restoring   the   powers   in   the   Sub   Divisional   Officer   to  change the classification of the land.

17. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that  villages   Goyal   and   Kamalakhedi   are   situated   in   tribal  dominated area.  The provisions of sub­sections (2), (3) &  (4)   of  Section  234   of  the   Code   have   not  been  complied  with before allotting Charnoi land to respondent No.7.

18. In reply, it is submitted that as per sub­section  (2) of Section 234 of the Code, a draft of the Nistar Patrak  shall be published in the village and after ascertaining the  11 WP No.9052/2014 wishes of the Gram Sabha, the Sub Divisional Officer shall  finalize   the   same.     After   finalization   of   the   draft   Nistar  Patrak,   the   same   shall   be   kept   in   the   Office   of   Gram  Panchayat.   Thereafter, on resolution passed by the Gram  Sabha   by   a   majority   of   not   less   than   two­third   of   the  Members   present   and   voting,   the   Sub   Divisional   Officer  with   the   prior   sanction   of   the   Collector   and   also   after  making   any   such   inquiry,   as   he   deems   fit,   as   required  under Clauses (a) and (b) of sub­section (4) of Section 234  of   the   Code.     And   thereafter,   the   Collector   changed   the  Charnoi  Land   into  allot­able   land   after   the   Nistar   Patrak  has been finalized.  To support the aforesaid, our attention  has been drawn to Resolution No.3 dated 30.08.2014 and  order   dated   07.10.2014   (Annexure   P/11)   and   submitted  that   inspection   report   has   been   called   from   the   Sub  Divisional Officer, Alot and as per report, Tahsildar in Case  No.4068/B­121/13­14   called   report   from   Patwari   /  Revenue Inspector; publication was made on 23 rd  August,  2014 and Tahsildar has not received any objection nor the  petitioner   has   submitted   any   objection   before   the  Tahsildar, Gram Panchayat, Goyal.

19.  According to respondent No.7, total investment  of Rs.231 crores is on the project and they have completed  75% of the work so far.     

20. In the case of  Dayaram & Anr. V/s. State of   M.P. & Ors.,  reported as  2003 (4) M.P.H.T. 435 (D.B.),  12 WP No.9052/2014 the Division Bench held that no land specified and set the  part under Section 237 (1) of the Code shall be tempered  for   the   purpose   of   meeting   exigency   specified   in   the  circular. 

21. The   Apex   Court   in   the   case   of  State   of   Jharkhand   &   Ors.   V/s.   Pakur   Jagran   Manch   &   Ors.,  reported as 2011 (2) SCC 591, held that no de­reservation  of any government land reserved as gochar, should only be  in exceptional circumstances and for valid reasons, having  regard to the importance of gochar in every village. Any  attempt by either the villagers or others to encroach upon  or illegaly convert the gochar to house plots or other non­ grazing use should be resisted and firmly dealt with. Any  requirement of land for any public purpose should be met  from available waste or unutilized land in the village and  not gochar. Whenever it becomes inevitable or necessary to  de­reserve   any   gochar   for   any   public   purpose,   the  procedure   prescribed  under  the  Act and  Rules  has  to  be  followed strictly.

22. In   the   present   case,  the   Collector   and   Sub­ Divisional   Officer   allotted   the   grazing   land   to   the  respondent No.7 to setup solar power plant after transfer  the   land   for   grazing   purpose   to   New   and   Renewable  Energy   Department  and  the   same  has  been permitted  to  respondent No.7 to use it for solar power plant.

23. Consequently,   we   instead   of  allowing   the   writ  13 WP No.9052/2014 petition direct the respondents - State No.1 to 7 to take  steps forthwith within a period of 4 weeks from the date of  receipt   of   order   and   Collector   Ratlam   is   directed   to  examine the matter a fresh and submit a report before the  Principal Registrar whether the procedure prescribed under  the   Code  and   RBC  has   been   strictly   followed   while  transferring   the   land   to   New   &   Renewable   Energy  Department   for   set   of   solar   energy   plant   and   submit   a  report   within   a   period   of   three   months   from   today  supported with his affidavit.

24. With the aforesaid, writ petition is disposed of.

               (P.K. Jaiswal)                    (Tarun Kumar Kaushal) 
                    Judge                                       Judge
Pithawe RC
SS