Sri D Sudhakar vs Sri D N Jeevaraju on 14 February, 2011

[Cites 3, Cited by 2]

Karnataka High Court

Sri D Sudhakar vs Sri D N Jeevaraju on 14 February, 2011

Equivalent citations: AIR 2011 (NOC) 332 (KAR.) FULL BENCH, 2011 (2) AIR KAR R 372

Bench: Mohan Shantanagoudar, S.Abdul Nazeer, A.S.Bopanna

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BANGALORE

DATED THIS THE 14"' DAY 01:" FEBRUARY, 

PRESENT :

THE i~lON'BLE MR. JUSTICE MOHAN »5HAN1=fAt§4A'5Go%Q:3 _A%RA*-.,V k V'

AND A Q %
THE HON'BLE MR.  A"B'DV:1ji.w  

 .  ' :

THE HOINVBLE E.'$ :G5?ANNA
wan i'>_§___'§__;Cw'l'I'V(Z»_':!'4.1"§7*g;gf§.;3#_§:£L;é_s;+:f;¥;§ﬁZ8--.,1~;éd10((§M-RES)
wan  VNﬁv_T§_§;>34_53;;9_;_9_8--3V«V<i¥DD3_[__2_Q10(GM-R§§_)

 

 

 2  ..... 

     
._ £:geci"aij~e.;:{~}5'2 years,

V _ 2. \?'éeni<:3:1::a:'ai}a":anappa

Age'd_a'13out 59 years,

  '  3.V§{1"'E«ihatti Dshekar

 Aged about 44 yaars,

T  -'4.' Shivaraj S. Thangadgi

Aged awn: S2 yeara,



5.

( By Sri P.P,Rao, Senior Courasei, Sr?'E'.K.é .F{ag:f1a§)a~h,Vi ,  

P.M.Narendra Swamy
Ageé about 3"? years,

AH are Members of
Legisiative Assembiy,
Riat.K.arnataka Legisiative Mame,
Vidhana Souéha,
Baagaiore.

Seniar" Counset, Sri Ravivarma,_Kuma'r, ..;+3niat'"~ A A,

Counset, for Sri A.P.Ramgana{h,Lé"~~E§5 Sri }%ema_r:t.!j  

Advocates)

AND:

1.

 U}

, £%§ang.aEore." ~ 

D.§\E,JeevarajAu_   '

Chief Whi;:;,.--_    _  
Bharathiya     
Karnatsjka "Legis!gatEv.e--...As~sem bw,  '

Vidhar:a..§-';Gi.a2£;sf:If1a,' '   '

Ba:vhgaTfc5r*%e:§v5. _v 71: '

.   

i<arr:a'ta_ka Vvidhan' 
Vidhana""SQ'ud.§fa,a, 

_ ?~'}e;§*,._t}e».** of Lfegistative Assembiy,

.  --}<}ar*§':a'1:;--1§<aﬁégisiative Assembly,
' Vidham;--.V_5Oudha,

'Bari-ga¥'0're,

-..B,S;':'.@ddyurappa,

Chief Minister,

 Karzéaizaka Legisiatéve Agsembiy,

Vidharaa Soucfha,
Eangaicreg

    



S. K.G.Bopayy'a
S/'O %<.A. Ganapathi,
Aged amué 5$ 'gears
Speaker
Karanataka védhana Sasha
Vidharéa Sdudha  *   0
Bangatore. .. RESPONE3E3.1§i:?T$'*V.."
( By Sri Satyapdl Jain, Senéer Counisei,  j; "

Sri B.i\E.Naras%mha, Senior C0%.:nsel'; 0. 0'

for Sré M,B.Narga:nd, Sri \fivVe'k__Redd'y, 

Advocates, for R-1, R~3, 8: R-4, "

Sri Véjayshankar, Senior Ceun$é!.._f<';r_ . A " 

Sri Cshashikanth, Advsdctate for E?!»-2 &,R-S) "  

These writ;b§=2tiEi"oﬁs"'--éjre'*fii+3d"~.;mder Articies 226 and
227 of th€r._.CGVF}SEi{L§--U_QVH of .1r:d'éa.,__VV;;§_r?3y%ng to issue a writ or
order or,d%rec"t%e.r;§ _VdeCEa'r*§ng..:'he Order of disquatificatéoh dated
10.30.2010 -Ar1ne'><::jr€§¥'ir*,0,"pa§;*:;e'd' by the respondent No.2 '£33
be unconstétutionaid t%i§:ga'i-.a0r:'dViolative of fundamental rights
of the petitidnehrsv ur1derA~r:i"c;!es 14, 16 and 19 of Constitution
of India and"'fo'r Vbeing vioiative of Scheduie 10 of the

4.'.V.Cor2st.?t.gJtiO'sﬁ ar3d"R.!..1§es made by under Kamataka Assembiy,
 and t'h.e'reAr'drevr-being h{s'i'%"and void, etc.

15¢.\§r.dP.2\ié§;;aﬁéiés-3409252010:

V .VB1=3.Tvii"E_:;__:_~j_; 3 'V 

 '*1;r..Sh§i/;:3.raj S. Thangadgi,

 Sfo.Sangappa Sfharegadgi,
'Aged about 39 years,
R,/o£Kara':agf,
Gagzgavatiii Taiuk,
§{Q§§3ﬁ§ Bigiriatx



2. D.Sudhai<ar

S/o.N.Da$harathayya,

Aged abeait SO yeara,
R/o."Hon":mata Niéaya"

Bangaiore Road,

Chaliakere,   
Chitraciurgas District. ' '

3, Guiihatté D.She3<a:",

S/oibivakarappa,

Aged about 41 years,
R/c:.(3uiihatti, 
Dodciaghatta Post,' '_ 
Hosadurga Taiuk,  T. L  ,
Chitradurga District. '- _  '

4. Vankatara;;*m3?f1appa:;__

Aged abo:j'»:46;S_V_y<ea'r's',__  
S/e.Vef:katap,.paQ"" » " If . 
R/oV._HaVné:m'a:'a%h_an;a_h'a.it'i', " 
Mar%das'an::hai!i7';VP0s;t;._ '
Pav<agadaft"aViuwi<A,"% _  _ '
Tum'i<:.sr'-Dis§;rf§t:t;f._* "

5. ,.%{.M.F'=3arendra. Swagiwy,
 '=L--S'/oi.,'MaHAa.n:*:a Pdéirigaii Lingayya,
' Aged'.ab§:'E2t SD yearg,
" V _ ;<,€o'mko.3:;,% Ffsarigaii,
"1.Ma1'av'a_sJ_; Taiuk,

-- A ._Mandiva' pistrici. ,. PETITIONERS

 By Sf:_E5;~P,Ram, Sewer Counsel

V' ,§3riRavii/arma Kumar, Senicar Caunsei and
'-- _S.r_§ i<',«G.Raghava:*:, Senior Cazmseé far
':Z§{%'P<.Shash%kEraz2 Shetty, Advocate}



. Tm Hermie Speaker,

Karnataka Viéhana Sabha,
Vidbana Soudha,
Bangalore.

. K.{3.E%3opayya,

S/o.K,A.Ganapathi,
Aged abeut 55 years
Speaker

Karanataka Vidhana Sat3hé_ 

Vidharaa Sczudha
Barggaiore.

. Yamaraappa E,

S/awagendrappa,

Aged about 52 yeazfs»,  'V A

R/0.Gus3dL_J.:",~«.A_V   j 
Gangavatfyi TE;Z--§E'.1i.<i,,  '
Kappa! =:DEs:_r-icVt;"'-'..__ >   

. S. M . aasé itﬁxra 7 % ,"

S/o';.Mu§4iy'appa';*-.L_ » _  __
Agec:i'.f1b::rut 4.2 years',--..__  "
R/0. Ka::a_ha.tti xziitaga,
Hé'r§yurTaiuE<,""' V

_"  itfad Q rg a "1'3i.s*_;_r_f_i_(;t;.

" Tf'--,_[\§a%g a_r"aj,_
 '3fs.3.7I*h.im;§:.amna,

 }'\'gedA a--3':}:>z,%}i: 42 years,

'--4R/QV,='.i&a.na'shankari Read,

§<:Qté:.,a Hvosadurga,

 x T Chitafaéurga District'

Kréahna Naika,

Aged abeut 39 yearg,
S/®.Pai<eara Naika,
Hasahaiéé '¥'5:nG'a,



Pavagada Taiuk,
Tumiwr Gistrict.

1?. i<wL.,Che:meg0wéa,

S,/'3.Lingaiah,

Aged about 52 years,
R/o.i<yaihegowdana Sedcii,
Kasaba Hobii,

Malavatii Talaik,

Marzdya District.

8. 8.S.Yeddy:.:ra;:>pa,  
Chief Minister,  ' _
Karriataka Legisiativeg Asseimbm. 
Vicihana Seudha, ' _ '_  .  
Bangalore, "    _'=._.*.,¥{ESPONDENTS

( By Sri vijayshaéékar, S;eniof€;G.;;nsa,i

For Sri C.Sha§;hii§3'n§:h.,"Adi-{cji:até .f£>é*'R-i----1i"& R-2,
Sri S.S.Nag':§r1a§i{i~,v~ 'SF3!'iEQii__C'OUI"'iS€§V_'ff)!'

Sri i9.Chidan.xan'.d.:a_, Adazoc'a~te,, fog' R4;3; R-5 & R0',
Sri A113A---i'<2i.ia';i_3f>eﬁii:or Counsel 'for... 

Diwakar & Ass:'i:c§ai=es,~Ati«*~;oi:at-es, for R-4 and

Sri B.V;--E<ri$h{ia--,V/5iCfS:=QCa.i;é"».fQ.:~' R-6,

Sri Padmanaibha"Mahai--e,""Seni0r Counsel for R43,
Sri G.._Lai<sh"me'esh',a, Adviicate, for R-7
Srijﬁatyapai 3"ain & Sari B.I\%'.Narasimha,

' V'  Semibr2,.f€,ou--nsei ft)?" """ 

. gr; _i~»i.3..m:a.i{a'gund, Advocate, for R8.)

H '-  'Th§é.$?e::"--":>f.i.ri'i;:=.éyetitiong filed under Articiea 226 and 227 of
the Ccnstiariifgzz of India praying ta qzsasiz the arder darted

 '10.10.2Qif} ' passed by the 1"/2"" i'€3SQOi'"idE3¥'"%t in

~f' ".__Cii"§»F'§C}UE3iiﬁC§3'i7iOD petition N033/2018, 4/2018, 8/2010, BXZOEG

 ' and 'T?-32010 ciisguaiiiying the petitéeners as members of the

' :6.§iis_iaj§:'ive iiasembiy ag iiiegaig, vaia and not 8i'if0FC€§§E€
-..'(Ai'i::r'iexu§'ew£i) «eta



These writ petitiens having been heard and reserved
for orders on 13: of February 2011, this day MQf"§:'1'\N
SHAN"§"ANAGOUDAR,3., preeouecee tee foiiewingz  =

ORDER

The petétienere, who were:-«M'e'mbe~r$ v4.':I:r3""._' 'V Karnataka Legieietive Assembly: 'E'1__a:i:e queetienedvt~:"t~:<r.€3':~. erder dated 10"' October 2O1Q"'~ve.e{'a:sseciV. of 'V the Karnataka Legis§atE'§:e'_Aeeeeﬁeetljéygd_isqt:eEE'fyi'eg them from being the reembetsV_Vet_VtFieV» Assembiy on the greund of%__Kz4ie;ie.t§o;'f.'of:_ of the Tenth Scheduie of1thVe'ii,C;enet;ttrt'it>Vte.:df'*1rs{:§ié, by fifing these writ petitieerxg : 'Ori""=§;;:e't'i._'4"diet:u'a'iificat§en, the respective censtitueneiee vreer_eeerite.'d by the petitieners in the

-'*~1_3"' ._'g§5;2.rrj:_:a;tav%_i<e Le'g.i.sl.e.t%ve Assembiy have faiiee vacant. 'T he Ttetevi4:_"ete<e'ngth ef the 13"" Kemataka Legisiative Aseerribiy_é§$V'r:'i225 seats, The petitieners herein were '~.-«._ e.§ecte::i"ee'1~ members ef the Assembfy etr:erwEse than as f"ceAnVr§Ee"etee set Lie by any petiticeé party (hereinafter % V..C;,ai.§§ec¥ as "Er:eeeer':éent reembers")t

2. ﬁetitioner §\ioS.1 ta 5 in W.?.Nes;.326Z74-- 32€37'8/2810 and WP.Nos.33998~34OO2/2010".7§efe eieczteti tram Kaeakagiti, Hiriyur, Hesadurgm;"Pax?agja'e;;§_'-% and Malavaiii Assembiy censt§tqencies.~""re§'pe'et§e.eIy.e§u After the eiection, the Bha'::atE3;'a..ja' }'a»a1aAt§i'a'°VPa'rt§i_:A (hereinafter caiied 'BJP' for w"etc;i:. w'a:SA A'tfse..siségie iargest party, was inviteti to Vfette..t'n.e.Gtevetnmvent, Sri 8.8. Yeddytrrappa, Leader of B313 Legislative Paaj'g:y'--::':te-as Minister. The petit%e:1ete"«--.:AAi1\ii;§«z:3.: as independent reembeh; d.e':EeVEe.dV._vthe'i'r<_:é3e._ppert to the B}? Legislature party Ieaderfegf 't'§1eVAV.fert%_;eatVion of Government. They .~v..yvere_»»'5aIeo' iVnde{:'é'~.ec§_ ____ _&i«:%:te the Cetmcii of Ministers by Wad{ﬁniSi;.,cg§';*'é~:1:g_t'i*:e oath ef office. They centintxed to be a paftiafé t?V1eA'.'~V'tj:f'I.£:'§V%1g aéspensatien tii! 6.10.2910, en which thevejgvave a representaticm to the Governor ef informing him that they have witharawn the hV."'*~.".':Ve'e_téeert te the Gevemreent headed by Sr; 83$ ..:~':'ee€§yeraepa an eertaie greeeeet St'; the same dag: :.,e.. 6.10*2010 Sri D¢§\i.3eevaraj - Chief Whip, Bharathiye Eahatha Party and Sri (LT. Ravi; Member' oﬁthe Kamateka Legisiative Aesembiy and Generai .',3.eii:-.?*:._ei:i;e"':i'~,z ef BJP, the first and third respondente"

Nes.32674-32678/20:0 (hereii-nefi*er&_ ;§aiiié.aVﬁ ii 'Cempiairaants') ﬂied e petitien 'compiaint' for clarity) wit'?*2ve«e..:ii:ie '--Spea;'L;ei?1.; 'ei"the Karnetaka Vidhana Sef)ii:.a to éiisquaiify the petitioners er} the d--'e.r%e'eti;0'fi, which was numbered asf4ijgieqr.ie31i'fi€je'ii'ieii'.:Ce'm«p:iaint No.2/2010 (i2er"ei:'1éi:fter "'e_em__p*ia'int'). The said complaint states thetqtéhievy fj'efci¥.AiA{;)n;:e'rj»s'4wherein joined BJP Se as to .....eneb!e-athe ferrh'a'a:ieh___ef the Government and were sworn ":_§n es» _Miiri_i:=ste":i:§:§';v ___PursL£ent tie the said compiaint seeking for"d.i"st}ueiiiéiimwifien of the petitioners, the Speaker issued Vr*~«.___e_'etice'S..{G3 'the petitioners on 8.10.2010 caning upon Show Cause before 3 em. on 10,3.0,2{)1O as ' V'}''a.i§"i'g' they eheeid nei; be eieeeeiiféed in view ef the feiiegeijieee feerée in See eemeieéei, "ﬂee petitieeere see: 10

an interim reeiy to the show cause eetiee on 9.10.2010 and prayed for seven days time fer ﬁiérzg dveteiirehd statement ef objections. Hewever err Speaker eaesed the imeegned erfcieaf afte':""E1e:efV.ri'r"3:e ~'rVhe ' leemed advocates representing the Qetijrtieeeere "e'ﬁti"rr..tAht%r_"

cempiaénants. As aferemer1ti.e'e.ed, Key .the..VAiéjee:e1g-:ﬁed » "

order the petitioners were dise-uVe'E~§«fiedA Ge t'heA.gAreund ef defection as per paragre;§k§+2'(.2.§}Vfof tv!5eV "Feeth Schedule of the Constitur.§o'e;£:f ' V V V

3.:e':k: r:r§e'an v~.=f§'éEe «i". 'e";", :o:"r 9.102010 five voters, ene aforementioned essembty <:onetit::erar:ie?s _a tse7-fi¥Ae.d 'iiem;3taEr1ts before the Speaker 5 e1'_V'i:'ri:§iﬁKematef{Vé'"' Vidhane Sebha praying for r:ie'i-~.~3e:es_aVE«i'f%rfg;.3;§'e%r§"lef the petitioners on the ground 01' _defec;i:ior1__;".e*I§*'riese cempiaiets were numbered as HH"34.44'---©'i::eL;eErf§<:etien Cempieirat N053 te ?/2610 (hereinafter '_'_r~_,eei_V1Ve:i**"ee 'eempieieente/veiersﬁ These ﬁve eempieéete ? *«'.. f'§'§ee by the xzetere arse the Cemeieéete fééee ey the '-§'-

gf 5-":

>'\;

E 11 eompiainents were ciubbeé, heard and decided by .3 cerrzmen ercfer on 10.10.2010 as aforementioned,

4. Writ Petition Nos.326?4-78/2010 areilirrsieg questioning the order passed by the Kameteke Vidheraa Sabha iri E:1istj{i'a'iific;a"i:io:f:':Cc§ri"tpéé«'ir:vt"i No.2/2010, whereas W.P. rios.33'99Va}340Q2;2*e1o:,'a~re=._ ﬂied questioning the order it':~.V_9i:§t;ue~§:Efieation Complaint N033 to :_SVi"a§:;;e"vVi"t>eth of writ petitions arise eut of the e'r't1.erT..'e..ri'd as the facts are con";':1'*ttjiti"e.§.ef,be't3¥j2"'tiie.éV'Sets"e'f"iévrit petitions, they are <:lubbed,Vv"he'a.rci aIjcij§i~eC'i'z§:eid.:'t--0gether, coNTEm'1dM.s'oNV';3£r§At'i= OF ms RIVAL PARTIES :

ie artju'eu"by Sri P.P.Ra0, teamed Senior V'C.:Que'_$e.i an behaéf of the petitioners that the impiugrieci. is mega: and arbitrary, inasmuch as, the _...i'.Z'i.",i"-..S'ertie .é;::§:'eesSe<;f igtierieg the previeéorze of the _.€;e_rtetit:itier: of India and the Laws ; that the ettien of .-''f\% 12 the Speaker désquaiifying the petitieeers is an example of bietaet disregard te the rule 01' iew e§j'¢ K:ij_e censtitutienal set: up; that the priecipies justice are violated; that the pFOvi_$i.QfjS of--'fhe*~.§§eé*neV%akev" " 2 Legisiative Aseembiy (Disquaiifice.€ci0.,r}"~efA'ee'§¥feeﬁ'be:V*:ée"---eh.i Ground of Defectéen) Ruies,'b?.1:v§~8_6 (Ai*1'etjeir3xe"€'§;_'5eA:4._;refefred = L' as 'msqueiification Ruées', fer~--?§If:e§*E-}__ eEe'*ivg.nev:3ed with utter contempt; that th4e'%p'etE'tEe'eea"e ee%§ée§fe.Wneither joined BJP e><pr"ess!y:..'1-§.mp§i_ie§ii'y%.; Ivbehaviour ane conduct of reveai that they remaénecj éedeee'neer:tj'ee.r}'dv~--__§'n~a\Je net jeined any poiitical party, r'euc'h4__4iesvs,V§' order to ensure that the ..~..gJetitvi.e.%j)eVr?s areV"';:.:.rey_ent:ed from voting in the Vidhane '--Se;b'haVo--e 'the "Confidence Motion which was scheduled moved by the Chief Minister, the 'a,.,__._E:jnpug'nevel'«;.evrder came to be passed hurr§edEy in mtaé "ei_ereL§ere to the me of iaw en the previous day; that '---..' }f;g3_t§icee ef heeréeg were met ef: eE§ servee en the ..:~ eeiét§eeere, bet were eeeiee en' the eeees ef Eee reeme 57 xi 13 aliotted to the petiticmers in the Legislaters' Heme; however as an ebmeant Caution}, the interim re;;>V.!gé.__'%;»»:.e:s Submitted by the petitieeere on eeven days' time for fiﬁng detefled .-siafe_m'e%:1t'~.V objections; cmty two days' time "is g'_:"veVn in "re'pE§,:"*'c.h31i;_:

:00, without serving the 0f°th:e.

Armexures; censequegﬁly, the--«5V§et§t'§~eAnerS"'eeuidiinot f'iEe their detaiied repiy to s'L:'i5§tafva.i:i.§:aV1i'e Case before the Speaker; and_..«-ﬁle':-_vE€:'w ..::Ah:'e:.._Vva:b"e\VV/'e, the whoie proceedings 5:: refvE%'i'a*E.ed';--.ie'j*-- V

6. P'.P ."':4fR:§e,;44"%'e.l:e'befating the aforementioned points su breftted ' C;<:1m.g:;Eainx"{:&'E\§'0'.'2/2010 ﬂied by Mr. {).N. Jeevaraj 'enéi_C'f§Z:jRe\z'§ '{eemplainerats), there is no reference at ai§ to ti"1'e__V to have been issued te the petitéenere, Vjirz Cetmpiaint 5305.3/2016 te 7/2010 ﬂied by the .*§?ete:re.;'é at the em ef ee:*agreph-~3 there is en evermerzi:

VT : 'ie--e% tee eeiéiéeeere maze reeeévee whéee eéreetéeg them §'\ 9 Q:

".3 t/' 14 reguiariy to vote in favour of the party and theteare ddeuments 1:0 shew the same; hdwevet, do dC}ﬁiU'¥'f}'€§t';v§ has been annexed to the said petitiei*ss'-,1"

impugned order, the Speaker reﬁtted"'e;'i"--,cdpies«._df'*t'he":

whips aredueed at the hearing witfiQLit._furriiVs'ifii'ti'g'co:f;>'ies"--, t0 the petitioners and affotdif§'ig:VVT."eg3portwaEQt3,{.'iitdItesporid to the same. The tdvilinetice the materiai fact 'chat,_in the... ﬂied by Sti D.N. 'Edge; theugh himseif is the the said whips at aii.

The Whigs issued to the petitioners describing 'th__etmv as of BJP; but as Ministers in .~,ti':e tied :Go'x}'e":"--:aafif'geA:7tt The whip dated 281.2009 was V"--iAs's:JedVte._v'a~itleinber of the Asserebiy of the ruiiag party, wheifeas dated 23.12200? was addressed tie petitidnets as Ministers and net as members of the :§se'gisiatL:te Party. Having extended suppert td the Gevernment and aceeeted i"*'5ii"%§S'{eE"'S?'i§§, they were ..fbe:..sed Ed veta fer the Qevetnmeat wtiaaeeet the E";

if" ' 'E 15 occasion arose. In this background, the whips sent to the petitioners herein, who were inciepender"i'cVV.ii9i'§';)«'\e. and Miriigters, can oniy be considered 35 iot.i;':fne'{i'o-ii__".of__'*_ the fact: of issoance of whip to the__p,a»r_ty riae'niiiievré"~ei';Qi '*~ 'V request to other supporting indepi'end_'ien:t toVfv.o'€e_:« in the Aesernbiy can the date..fii-ientio'i7e_G~1:iW'§:iiAei._rfi';~--~»... The sending of copies of wh,.ios i:o'V.iiri--iiﬂe:;:>engien't"i~'I~i.nisioers was the Lmilaterai act of theH'Cii_iei'°ii/xiii;§€j',§¢j»ef'e.Lreceipt of the Whips cannot vvloonduct on the part of that)!' joining the sap.

Moreoveif, if 'thV:€e"u'$.»"I'1_Vi' f3$>T'\?ii5é¥"E_c3dC1T'€SS€d to the petitioners <:onsideiing"* of the BJP, it: was equally .-v..i'_rie:.i:r_nE;e"i'1it: upon"'~~~iiij_e__"(:hief Whip to have maridatoiriiy Vpio\ii*cied.__'i'nfofin__ation of their joining the BBP to the Spéaiéer VLio'ii_e.fVVRuie 3 of the Sisquaiificatiori Ruies, 'iii,4.__'i,i,;h;cn' iiesojdio not. This shows, the Chief Whip at the "i:iV'r'ne "iojf issuing the said whine himseif never" eonsidereo petitioners to be Members of 'she 83?, in any '%:~ E3'%s'€i"i§, the isiiiiioe eo ieeoeo do riot Show ziiai iiie 16 petitioners had joined the BJP after Shri SS. Yeddyurappa became Chief Minister and before 'they became iviinieters on 30.5.2008 which is ti1ejf'c::e'ee pleaded in the complaints befere the S;3eai<e.t;:--- * Jeevaraj having not even reenticmeati.'iryhie "Cen'i'p!.'aAiri't.e V' No,2/2018 abeut the whips, Vca:1r*:"€2«t__ eri_tAAhe'.m«. statement of objections to the-v..§§Ji<--it peVtii:.i.<3r':s.j'i_;Tiizveiwiveters 'V oriiy mentieried about the xii":-"2._A ti1ei:*"Ctj4mp!eint i\2os.3/2010 to 5/2010, buteditsA'1nioti_g:;iii,§.¢§;ie_«t:-we cepies of the whips.

S'-peeSizerffeiljeeijéiteﬁedi on the proceedings of the BJP Legisiatetev.Pei<tfi._ihe:e'tinge heid on different dates,

-'"~i3vei: <jeiibAe"rate.!y advert ice the crucial fact that in Vail V=ttieveAs'e.i:_tiie iebittjceedings, the petitioners and one ether iri£:fe;3__eVr':cieri'ti:'?2'_~'Eii;£\ were ehevim as a separate group and m0st"e_f'i~the proceedings, they were shown under the 'Eeeepeeeeet Ceeiereeere'. The ereeeeeinge et' " :=..i:_§ii_ei§ 83?} Legieietere ?ai"E'§f meetiege, fer frere 17 substantiating the eiea in the Cempiaihts seeking fer disquaiiﬁcaticm that the petitioners hecf jeihed after the formation ef 8.1? Government becoming Ministers in the Safije» Ge'»ie'rr€f";1e'iz.t=_e:%1u 2 30.5.2008, weuéd demoﬁsh comptaihants, inasmuch as tiie"'p..rGceeriVirigsi':jie'ejri«l*v*,!Show w L' that the petitiorzers were adVmﬁ{i:edi"y.LA"In'd'e--pehdent co-

members" and were a"4's'eip'afvafe::'gieioéijpg"Shown as such after the eamee':-_of §3'i5."_:.._rh'er':eijers and one nominated it Iocue standi to fiie the Complaints ._:CEise;'ua'i'ifiV{i'a.tion in terms of Rate 6(2) of 'VfV €hie_V'Discgii;i*aiifigatioevi """ "Riﬂes. Oniy a Member 'of the Ae'se.rfeEji3,r."f*=z:;§:eff-fife such eompiaints against: any other _mem"b.er...__v" right to compiairz about defection by a the Aesemeiy or: any grourici is not a .A_j"::e}<ij;i':**s'z'er: iaw right but a eteteeergz right geverhee by 'ﬁeilaiutery ereeieiehe, E5"?

'Ewe 18 The cohciuct which amounted te joining a p_oi.i'_tiz:ei party or veiuiitariiy giving up membership of earty in the Cases reiéed or: by th.emS_peai<:ei*"i*ef'QeS~e:i-- admitteé/undisputed facts.

When maﬁa ffdes have>i«.i§e.en eiie_gedieeg:'e_ii'=iet"the * L' Speaker in the ir1i:erirri,.-- .repiyV.~eete.d"*»-9_.1di2Gv1.O..iv'iEEed by the petitioners, which airei ii'i1V"_»tLh'e..writ petition, the Speaker ou:9i':i:;t.'% héiveiiii'i.edi.Vé§"'vii5i3'.i?'Y 2fTii€F€~3tO. Ne;:rtiiéir'rr~tii,ie: §'p'e;§'ke:r m§%""t'i?ie Chief Minister has denied theVV'a~i|eg*aVti'eIh5i"i"ii§ﬁ'«:i:e° by the petitioners in their fetter eaited the Governor and in' their .iE§'terirri:. repiy'd'eted«v§'}"ii3.201O submitted to the Speaker.

"i"E:e:"efQAre;.f=gjdii-eree inference has necessarily to be V _erewi1---- ag-.ai's-nit them.

.:fi>§_%$cii:eEificatieri Ruies are to be treated as part ef . Tervch Sehedute fer perpeees of Cﬁi"'E$§£'tiCiiE0i'i and uiebiigetierie, ieiiiee eeeser ie £€3E'ii€i'i'€é end ereeeﬁesre ée 19 prescribed, the pewer must be exercised in accordance with the pioceeure. fine Disotiaiification Roiee iiviigeﬂeifiy statutory Riﬂes or Adrriioietretive §i'iStf'i.IC{CiO¥'TSj'§'E1"y€. 'd§§\e*{fi norms and any deviation tiierefiroriji vioEe_teg.._:§~rti'eie«1e-,:"

Disqualification Rtiies are maodatorylirreais 'wi't~tio-tit"'t'i1_er?éi_i' the Tenth Seheduie caririot beiV__g"*:~i{en 'effect ai:'eAiAi;z=..._VV In any event, ass:;;4_irr~i.ing"Aiii'i_tAh'oi;t'»Vi'admittivriguxthat the Ruies are directory, they Vrie_ci,i,1i.vifi3V compiiance. If there are 4_ti}iio«:.1'e'oVrifi:i'<:tirigs d.;e.<:ivS'iVo'iie~':of the Supreme Court, l:i'i"c_;i*i' t'e"'i'oViIow the ierger Bench decision!"-i materials produced during the hearing gAi'viri"cj opportunity to the petitioners vioiates Rule 7(3) of the and the Eaw deciareci. The _iFI'1f.f)AE.iI'.t:.}f'}E§j. of disqualification invoiized ciirii to the petitioners £:3i'iCf it eeuid not have 'roeee without obeervirig the i3¥"ii"i£§§f}iE§S of riatiirei "iii em.

5"' E?' >tw,;&*'{ 20 Refuse?/faiiure to consider relevant and auth'eﬁ»t.ic materiais evaE%abie with the Speaker and 4 of the Désquaiiﬂcatidn Rides and~'~~»t'e}<ir1'g::: i.etd_:"

.r_« consideration whdiiy ErreEevam:'»-, rr:jete'r§e§._' subsequent to the date of ai':e_'g°e.d d"e'§eic::EVon*'}i:tjj_e.?".esﬁne impugned order of the Speaker...'_*I.mpegr£ederder of the Speaker must be judged "r'eg%.e}3r*{e:.V:dn§ersiioned therein and came': D3». 'reaedns in the form of affide§%i?ﬁ."er"e§i.her£e§E.ee.\ Thet, -.evVeVr'¥,*.'f3fide;3eQ'rnvv€i_e--nt MM is Iike a peiiticai party c:ons'i's.jt;idng member. Independents MiniVetr-'$__h_eeded by the single Eargest party in V"~the.V'Legi-svtetdrek.._Es nothing but extending suppert from ouiside Vfeparty. Such act deee net EH66?

7...,_"disquaii~fi%:etior: as it does not amddnt te jeining the BJP, %~s: ad"'f:QaEEt§e:'1 ef BJP and independent Members"

,3"?

;§~/ 21 The impugned order is vitiated by ma/a fide actian 0f the Chief Minister', Speaker and the <:0n3;3ia.E.¥VT'é*3¢:i*1t"f_§. The facts cieariy SHGW that 'cm cnncerteé effQr§"'n°1é;r§-9;__%:i~;s "' _ the Chief Minister", Speaker and tne_..VC_Qmp-i'ai'na;E§§S 'fG{*gei: " 'V the patitioners disqualified, Es a;":.bEa"_t_'aAr'§'t é::.bé;Jé:é power canferred by the prcv§$.i_§"n.§ of th¢ T;e;n-t;_hA"5S<:*{*2.e:§u£e * L' in erdar to prevent them; from'*"p#éL_;*tE'C;:~i.§ating'in zine Trust Vote heid on 11.10.2016and-gazing;n%a'gna'n:nLst the Motion sf Confidence. ;3§E,'E:V Qf t:E3 eri_n.:a*re..V§j~§3fE_§tVyv' lmaia fides. No other hypoEH'éé%E"s_p:."éé*n: F%'E:§r:wg' of such frévotcms petitiorﬁby >T\:':f'_nf'E;>__, --S'ec:"etary sf the party and the five votera 9vhé5A.'wé§=§-; 'used as toois to impiemeni:

_._f;he sta3iied :§b<;):ve, aiieging that the petitioners t_ijE3C'f "5lT}C'L.EVAEfT'«:'EEC3..ﬁ {i'§*1£ disquaiification before 30.5.2008 Le. befofe' t.f:'é¥g%Lj«:_ii=é{:ame Ministers. The abcwe order' of '~--.__'~d_'Esqu$:;.fiVE;*;§t.iVnn is Mable to be quashed being ma/a fide 'érzn f'é"and an power. The Respondent §\§c3s,3, 5 and "2 din V' féie giaiement 0? abjeciésns ':0 WE E\£o$£33998- _ f3:f:»SG2f28§@. $3 {ha snntrasngg Ehay 'nave an gain E»:

i; Ki";

22 diSGWi"i@d the compiairits seeking disquaiification and exposed the fraud piayed ori them by the cougéiffegd F'€S[3Gi'"id€i"itS. The evidence an racerd d$QS..§'_:{'i.éi}ii'>wvV_'c3}?:__\:"2i.§l"

support the basic piea that the §€t.EKi.Oi°ieE"S_-'ii3L"§'--:§ii?Eii'€ifj"tkiévié '* 2 BJP arid thereafter joineé thé}r?i_§ri:i~iiSti*§i*.,iV€i%'E'"2é :"i<'3ifi"iigI,:

irresmtibie inference that Cari'i.i>:L7e2~i..;:i:'a\$«;:"riis .eri'cire = L' proceedings for disquaiificatiursriV:..'i:*»iei'~ai__ ;3fé4=;3i.an,.ried and stage managed knowiiig,_i_'fLi'ii-ifVfwéiivifi:if3'a--i: the aiieged ground <31' c§i;;qi:i§3'i-i.fic:i_i:iogri_:',iw§?3~:i"_j_»n§:i'riif§ei<istent, wiioiiy imaginary, 5frixa'i11bViiL::s.,, "'=Jji:=.i;é'aifiV"§;u's; 'uridemr.:><:ratic and maiicioiis. ._ThVé'*?;i"3.§e:2ii§&:if§-...gi*dr::i* is iiabie tc: be quashed with strictuaiessi ivnwit éivuinmdiqf: 'stringent terms possible and _.._the ;:a<.«~':ti'i:ieVi'*iS»--..Vi:3:§ aiiewed with punitive costs so that .uai1.t_E+«;;ei;>§;ie and antiwdemecratic actions are riot rei:::»"2"a"ti7edV.vi:§Tji;ii'éV'VS<:a*ce uf Karnataka in the future. iie '7K,.,___7reiie<:i"u.ﬁ'u{ihvéertain judgments which wouid be adverted A£,V'3:é§f)":E'i""idiI'ig on their reievarim during the cwrse of this;

--iﬁuugment.

23 Finally, it was aegueé that in the event of the order cf disqualification being set aside, as a censec,;eef:r;_e thereof, all cemseqeemziei aclziens and erde_:i%?%:A..'??"¥r'§$"~-..i3€~7:_._". declared voécl and quashee.

7" Sri i<.G.Reghavar1,; _l_earr€ef:§V- Ser}i'z3.r.'A.v"C'ee'ijs'el'V'*~Vs' appearing on behalf of the the contentions urged by lfvhal: the Assembly was and the Ministry was according to the comp'le'i':2'e.ﬁv§é,.Ailliégle have jelned BJP En 'may of 2008 E.e., prior to the c;ia_f:e or§4%;?<zl'lV_lV<:;Ef2.,'é:«E1e'~'gr were sworn in as Ministers; that of Jmﬁllnléllthe party is fixed date am s*:;:iﬁis_et;eeVreVl:.V"e§;efgi:s cannet be taken into ccmsicleratien; ' _andlt:Eflat,__%:henfpetitiomers have not jeined BLIP at any eelet ..'clree.,"~--".§r1asmucl": es, the alleged act ef joining the *eeeeet be e féeetéeg event se es te have happened several eeys; since Ehe éndeeeeeeesiy eieeéed s 2'9:

% is' K»;

24 rraembere are ciisqeeiified, the five censtituencies have remained without any representative ir: the i£3.sseiir§':ibi.y, He further submits thee the epereciafien ef _ in such matters sheuéd not _b.,.e__ iir="i'iEe'e\:'_';tr}: preponderance of prebabiiities. ;":.He1'_'_'n:3s1pr'eeée:e:f'i.;ﬁie_: service certain ebservatiens fi'ie"c£e byithe {hurt = L' in the decisions which,--~.yviii 'eh-e V:..a1_'d\r'e;fted' "ta-..a.ti/ﬁe Eater" stage.

8. Sri_. ___i.ee:fr1e:i"""Senier Advocate appeari:;rg%eir:e."ef"itE'j.e cer_ﬁ;3'i'einants, both of whom are B\}D'_M[//J'-'3\SV, -sVVL1'i:3j_:ijr1_i'te..V_:'trier, the matter needs te be censidﬁied Ai".f1V"":5V*1ir'sd the abject with which 5S'ch'e..qiu§e'V«vV'"'Wes inserted by FEft',»'""Secend i§e.,ir.~iie Constitution of India. He submits ' ﬁthaﬁthei.__"je,iir:irig" ef a peiitieei party is different from HH":74."'<--'T{'becemiri~g'." the member of the peiiticai party; that the '.'_"~_er:;:.rd'éei'gs eeee ir: eubeeare {3} e? §3ere~2 0? Teeth T "'~HSVe'?iedeEe ef the Cerietitutieri ef Eneie ere "eeieeg§rig tie a 5x H' 25 poiiticai party" or "becaming a member of the political party" and Wh€¥'€<'3S, in submpara (2) of Para--2 ofV.V"i;Tei'i:.1g_h Scheduie of we Coristitutieri af Znéia, the wo:f<§_:E%€g'::'_';i:s§::éi_j__' _ are "joining the poiiticai party"; t;ha:__ ha_.x!ihg--.1ii§'e§Eirfd.Vtciu 2 the intenticm with which Tenth scﬁecéigiiié' ES"i.n'Sé{i*i',é§it§:;'*~f:F'iéE_i word "joining the poiiticai SiA'.}V{?Li§§C:§_VviTi3»t';3_AuC.:I.(;j'T1'f»£"i.}@C§ * L' iiberaiiy Wan the ward..."bec5~::;;.E'%;i.g"*~-.Qr ibé'icvr3g.Ev:'ig ta a poiéticai party"; that "'V%L.:_fid'é::ai';" of the Constitution of§..I4r::r,fii';:2., aiiﬁ of a Eagisiative assembi oi'? c_i:*5'uf'i«§fE'i~.. .S'h':1"E.} 't3€'é,~ Vdlisr uaiéfieci under five C0f1€§¥'¥gé:{'iC§§;Sj' V'73fE'O}?iIG*%f\?€if;'vi-3 member of the iegisiative assembiy éfsrl Cf") Lii;'if3.i.§4'AVASi"%é«i'i.~."4i:':€3 ciisquaiifiecf under Articie ___191 inf the V'C'e.i{i;$_i;'i_§L:itEora if he is so disquaiifiecf under cf the Csnstitutian; and that Artiste 192 {)f Ei'.1'E°'Q'{iéf;'i.§::it.'$£V€EC3ﬁ ciarifies that the Gaverrmr cf the v:'=__.4 ~S_"'Eate"ia.a§«:_jzJrisd%ction to désquaiify ihe member of the A "E;?e;gVi?s§§&:_Eure af the State in case if such membey faiis "~'i..__ﬂi»vit'i*2%n ma 0? the five Categaries mentiarieé in Articié .44:."i§§.{i) Q? itha C@§i§?;§i:u:%§r': sf Eridiag bat, W§'§§E€ takérég a it"

ie 26 decision under Article 192 of the Censtitutiori, the Gdvemor cannot eat independentiy, inasmuch as;4.he_:tia_s to get the epiriitm of the Eieetioe Cemmis$idri'_:A.e'ﬁ'Vé.'.j'§i»i'i;i§:':=f_._"'. after getting such opiniem the ....G,_{}\3E'1Ifi1"C')'E'".::$;§Tii3i'§E fai:;t:' "

according to such opinion, i.e., thei'i.C§e§ziei*ndi*.i_$ the decision ef the Eiectien Ce..ij*i~i:ifii5sAi't;ri__ ietiie of * L' disqualifying the member: of the tie-i,iée_ of ti"iev~.L.ieg}isEature ef State whiie acting timefm¢%i¢dim (1) of the Constitution rjeetriction is not imposed by?1tee'ifdiinstjitiiiitgiiitﬁe,":_-be the Speaker of the House vizbiie--teiit--iiii--g_::'det;«ieie..{i uéidei' Para~6 cf the Tenth Scheduie tjﬁtiie This cleariy means that _._the Cetastitutide'gitiakézrs had Complete faith on the ":5pe'a»E<:.e;~.__'iifi'«..:t*i<ie matter of passing the order ef disqt:'aii'ifieat«i'g:§ri} i. s The Kametaka Legisiative Asserebiy '.'_«i'~%{'C3i.ei:ge'eiifieatieri 0?' Members en Greene of Defeetieri) T ~d:i"{'i,i'Eiee; 1986 are framed peretieet te ?ate-8 ei' the Teeth 27 Schedute ef the Constitution, Sirrce the said ruiee cieai with procedure, the Courts may not be 3'ustifIVe».<:j:'r.§_n inquiring inte the aiieged vieéetiee of the ereeedewreji__jt;i§:___"'_ the Speaker white exercising jurisdictiee_--'Li3*1ti*erf%.kX'rtVi'eIeei 226 and 227 of the Constitetiee, proceedings ieadieg te the 'i>.e§r1..;_gned to * L' disquaiifécatien are deemed tee-be"the-»t.:Jreeee~d.ir:.g'is in the Legistature of the State'Vin"x/ie=}iz::'of:e.e_»:e"6(2) of Tenth Schedtsie. In §.e'tta;e;:* wierdtsgriStEA°SetVy"at:'e'Vi Jain, submits that the net'):.e;ﬁ'te"tfer,e'with the Speekeﬁs order e5.;_en_ [En ceetreveetien of the procedure.'*--__'_Ac§:e':"di'he theugh submrute (3) of ..._RuEeue'f the-R"£5te_quAeEEfication Rates states that the V':rnej*ri»t)er._aga«i.Ae'et__where the disquaEifieet§oe complaint is ﬂied .$*E1'ai.E '\}§}.irfc:tsVEe:"§V'sever*s days of receipt of such eopiee ef eiie<:je_a.EvEfieatien cempiaéntf forward his epirsiee to the Speaker, the Same sheuid not be

-«..ﬂ:<:ee%etreed ee that the ﬁpeeket bee te wait ezeedateriiy ffer eeeee eeyet ":"%2e were "within seven days" reeeee /, 28 "up to seven days". Under the given eirwmetaeces, for the reaseps to be recorded, seven days time else Vea.r_;;'p_Ve extendecl. However, it Es not mehdetery en the Speaker te wait For seven deye .... .. He may' "

lesser period to the member te;":.of€err~'iVhie~_ce_i%?frée'n.1;%.§;;.r_j the question te be {:or1<.3§d'e--:fe'"e_ isee vi:.Q1 V-,_v\f'r.;;e'vthe':* a * L' member is afferded with a_.lree.S:oh'ab_Ee opporteanity of being heard or not anedes "t-eehe was given opportunity to of:"er'V'_'hisllcoajrlrrie-efe'"_e.r_r1et.: In the matter on hand, the p::e't_i{'iV'eeerS5'ﬁ'.h.év.e:ir«xfeilulhtarily offered their commerﬁgs detail covering all the averrpents mvatie the complaints seeking _...disqu.e§{éficati0nand reference is alse made to the V".£_\mf3'exeua'e_s;.i'They were also giver: opportunity of eral heerifig, as, {he advocates for the petitioners °,.._»__e_rga.1e<a:l lhength before the Speaker on 10.10.2010. ';i§i_p.ee"":he petitioners themeelves thrpugh their advocate eelenteriiy eppeezree before the Speaker 0:": 9"' .4'4:."0cteE3er 263$ eee eeee fereieeee ieeer eeieéfee eh Ex/__i, 29 comments, it Cannot be said that they have not been given reasonabfe opportunity of being heard. He further submits that seven factore are_ra;g[:a.iposV:

the petitioners vizg,

(a)

(b) (C) (co 7 ».*'".~ .~»a'§J '.

x...» , The act of becoming BLIP Government, V V ' V' ' vv Receiving whips fr»or:1ii:iV"'~tf§f1e ACi1i.e?' 33 P Legislatureﬁ Parry', j Attending BJ!e':V':;sJ'A'..":\\$~ozr"'_;V:f1?;'r

-- f:.egisEature party Subri':'ittV::§;Vj_gW the memorandum aiong i.f: \«\\iv¥:th._Vdisquaiiﬁed 11 B353 MLAS to the ' .:::V':~«.C 5'ou\zeVri?1or, against the Chief Minister, eerm of Writ Petition Nos.32674- V5.78/2010 which contain afmost the siméfar averrrzentg as fourzo in the memorandum of writ petitions féieé by :3. disoeaééféed $3? Maﬁa;

wwmmwmgmWw.m...hm.m__.......

(g) In the comments offered by the petitioners before the Speaker, the\;i~._j"-«..bi'~ have steteci that "they have left__the--«'..'_'~-if:F Gevemrnent in the interest of ' in It is further contended, the feet"

petitioners had effered theVirw.i..o:'C0imr"n"en_tS__in on * if 9.10.2010, that too eeyfertiAn'g' to "'a;{ th'e'vvdot,}uments produced by the compiainainte;f'i't§se_§.f.i'e'ees*to Show that the petitioners ;.iv'ei§eI'-sertrecj Keith.Afevi$'ij_'~t\n_eV:;iiocuments apart from the disquaiification.

Since eeititvie'n?e..{§Si not te be found either at Bangaiore ot"«._ih thieirw'r.e'se_'€:Ctive native pieces on 8"' and .---.9F'" offﬂcitober 2ﬁ"1G.;_____i;ne shew cause netices aleng with V':31§'seL§e!iofi>::e1;io'nA:"'cempiaints and the documents were past:-:_e% en.'th;.e'deors of their reepective moms in the "~.~.._L-egisietere.' Home, which amounts to sufficient service. fThe_e_ej'e;titieners admit that the notices were pasted at V%"'=..t_,h_e§ eeeree ef their respective eoere et the Legieietere' A " Veienies They eo net dieeete tinet they nave etteeeee tee ,""i ''a.--/ ti 31 Legislature party meetings and have received the whips and have also etteheee the BJP meetings. It is ne:}t:'th_'e case el' the petitienees that they wanted ta additional materiai before the Sl3&";l_k.€i'_i "pi?e=zeei " it that the eetitienets did not have ei'i.yth_'_ir-re the matter befere the S§3eekei*.t"'~»..le9h t'i'.@.. Gm?/ii ti.§3'n~<;%'i;the = L' Speaker has exercised his juriesd-iet~i--o'h--~..in act:or.da.r§ce with iew and weil establishedi3i_'0eed:ti§"e;::"itehtize there is no vielation of relesiejf';-nati,ira3 i.§il.iSiZ.ili€i"_;'%_r)(il ttiat the action of the S[I)€3E3l<€i'i.\i"\lf--iti**.*"Cl'iE3 intention with which Teeth iicjnstitutien is inserted.

i-ie_ futthe':"._s--uij':_hltted that, an application to 1-hisV.d'5'$§3Uii§l.'i:if¥<"t'.a "¥TiemVi)e't""ef Legislative Assembly or Council ihaihtta:'in:'a'i§Eeeven if such application is flied by any <:iti2.'e--i7.i__, lv_fiaSVi?¢lt£Cll as, such a person heed not be a the Legisiative Assembly or Couricii es the a.;c'aie;e-may be.

32 Sul:)--rute (2) of Rule 6 of Disqtieiification Rules are to he treated as directory in nature having regerdVV.t'e_:th_Ve intent of Tenth Schedule ef the Constitutieh, _ Disqualification Rules merely tsresmhe ttiev'~--§53'_:*o't:ed*Lire_4" V that is to be fellowed by the Speaker.:'Sin'c:eii»th'e::t:3fite.n.tsi.j of the documents prcstlijbegz-:§'cE~..V_ lathe'l'i._ ee;ti'testing W' respondents are not denied eitt-hei'L_~befQ_re th'e-S,e.eal<er er before this Court, but are;_"ads-ﬁititetl'fijtfgithe petitioners herein and are:..s'e:u'ght§;Ato e>t';3iil'a_~~i.nVedV§'enEy, it is clear that the peti?t'ioilj'e_ts"3hav'eIj'.--:f16t..fli.etain--ed their identity as indepeiiéent--nj'e:"n~ben'~:_"affine tegisiative Assembly. It really thel;3e'titit)n'etsiwilweifeéénot belonging to BJP, they .,<;euldi..t'and have attended the meetings of w_ell'a:s"'vEts Legisiatnre Party meeting, inasmuch asgthhel def'§"n§_tl:evh of 'Legislature Party' as contained in it=___'P_aragta~g:)h*31v of Tenth Schedule of the Constitution t§leetlji~«A_.reveaEs that the Legislature Party in relation to e "~ii,.._ﬂtneinhe:* ef e tiense heiengirig te any eartictiéer party in fli-aeeetdenee with the eteeieiens ef ;netegtenh~2 er" 34

iegisiature party meetings and aieo the pubiic meeeitings with 83!? Eeaders is eneugh te infer that they have' BJP. Attending the Legisiature Party i"i'ieei:ii%§i:ﬁVe5Ve' "ri:51f:

been denied. If ii: was eLitside' §:J;;p;3itt, neither join the ministry £101" Tatienetlhei Legi'S.jg,e':tu;<~¢v meetings. If such a View it wouid defeat the very e'bject_'eii_ Tenth Scheduie and as each E9 the cenduct of joining egiigeiin connotation, Thefefofe, viiElliei;_Qn'eitieFi':;ﬁ'g: eonduct, the Speaker is entitted to --§!_"_iiO»Eii§ﬁ?371gEi'£@.i"iaIS iriciudirig his peieoiiai knowiecigeg. '§'eef.'person te know the conduct __eF aI!,._%i:'heii.menébe.ife' of the house with whom he weuid V_hai;re--. Ei'1C€3iF'&C'i7.§:f5§3__Oi'1 reguiar basis, "Te dispei the inference ef'--'§}ieirhVeeiidiighei: from the materials an record, the ' 'eetitie'r:eEe._ heave net preduced any centrary materiai "ei»':Fjeii**--..beiiere the Speaker or before this Cour': HQ!" did iiiiiise the eppertuiiitgx grantee is them ey the :jjSeeei<ei" ite eeeeer eeieie iiiiri, Heiiee, eii eete iireiii iiie petiti,Q§fi'i§' 35 point ef joining the ministry te the date ef the erdez' ey the Speaker' can be cerisidered Cumuiativela'~i:'f"L~f'i"i.e ereceediegs being not adxzersariai ie nature, need not iimit himseif' te what: if:'e£§"t:eee Viie-ftihxie; cempiaint before him, but shouid'.__d}'*ei.e in.'ferfenc'e'V the materiais avaiiabie as perseeeé:".=i'{Viie'ii~i:ViVe'i:ige. Once it is brought to':4'*Ei')e SVv;5eei'<er£, the compiainant iooees ::eve~2"i:2'AA*>fiei..'.'--~withdraw the cempieint anwci'; take it to its iegicei consideration, the date can even be a different was projected in the .Af.,:r'resAg)e;nt--i.ve of an other technicaiities, the EEi"tpe.;*i:arit'éV%f;';fite;;i*ie is as te whether they have retained 'the i?§'de§§.eneﬁ.ent Character. in that regerﬁ, the entire i:_'eEid3e«et ear: be Eeken into Censiideretieri. if that has ".__' E§QE:;§¥"'§ eerie by we Seeekesg, it wiii net: eeii fer 36 interference. Onfy if the inference erawrz by the Speaker is so perverse, that me reaseeebée person woe-§d'*~e"§*.:fi'ee at Such cenciueien, it can be interferes?

etherwése. The Speaker" has rec;efde'd« fé£'qdine byf it;a~k§nHg iaw, facts and conduct Eeto <_:oneitf'ere't_fen. »'SAz;'C'h by a Constitutionei Authorit\;~.._gf;eL;ﬁe 'r'~,.r_:§_t: '*§e iightly. Even if the Sveeaker E5 not apprepriate,_the to decide expeditiousiyﬂ eb%ieef"'e~f:Tenth Scheduie. When the aspects, even if this Comet same should not be substEtuted'».e:_'butV,' ii,'zVe""..VA'r:1.'a:"t';.;,"ee'r"V. at the most: can oniy be remaﬁeed. to *:he- Seeakieer.

., :1Q\,, Narasimha, Seamed Senier Advocate e§pee.rinvV'g' '.fer ':tf%e respondents eeetendee that whee *;ieeEd.i}:g'"'v.i:h'e' matter reiating te eéequafificatien, the I V§jmeeft.enee ef freeeere of epeech ef an iedivideei .___""é'ee{eber eEe--e»vEe the etabiiéiy ef the Severnmeet weefe 3: M'; ,2' 37 have to be considered. Among them, the {after becemes important in View of the object with which Seheduie is inserted. The Court must Constitution and examine as to:"iA%h'eir?}e..:i t:he "eci:é0h is within the Tenth Scheduie, interpreted to achieve the ef'f'Ce'tv:;eVfVffet§en since the Rules are orﬂy~._diree5e_ee§Z._V_e¥,'h'd.areeeheervieht. In the case Of that the action by :h:e'V."'i':"z*:'z;"j':A'1ec3iate. Piecing reiiance on Supreme Court, it was V'the-.....§_prir;ci;3ies of natural justice sheuid be irheee§"[:>'rVefe"t3VA'in':"S.:.}4Ch a manner so that it sheuéd enabbethee Spe'a--klef' teidischarge hés funetéoh keeping in A';_v§e:w.._theV ::.ce4ha.r_io Eh question, Hence, Tenth Scheduie careznet' be'e.>;.a%ﬁined ie a technicai manner, but it shouid :t=.._'sub-serve», t'he pureose for which it is enacted' '~~F?:e§j'efTz*e..r1ce was maee {G De Srhéi:h"s Judéciai Review ene """e..__'""'.WaVj:je'e Aémérzietretiee Lew te eehterze that urgency "depends eh eiteaiéehﬁ ﬁg; refezréeg ﬁe eh eeeiegeee E /1;'?

1:

38

provision in Artide 192(1) 01' the Constitution ehabiing any person to cempiain to the Governer-'f'teffgt'i'2e eeheideratioe ef that aspect by the |""l{3E"i'§;}'Ai:<*_% Court, he contersdee that even a"\!e't'er'_C.an.;«cee1pI:ai--h' ts; the Speaker.

11. Sri A. G. E~i0iia,""ie«e:"arheci. 'Se§'riei* iﬁxeiiecate, it appearing fer the Rest>e.(*:dee't".f$Eei..._6:"i'i-h. W.Pv.i\ieVS.33998~ 34002/2010 i.e.,V one compiained against one ofthti,:§'petitio§ei:s,"_"et§h--tevn.eied that the voter has iocVusi"'hs~te;';i:ycii;':i::.3'-- e€_)"rnpiaii1t to the Speaker.

The Convégtitiutioh VVbt?':_Te':nt:h«-Scsheduie has given such right and thVe_vsamie:~ (VZ_VVaEi3,'v1..GtAI'.'ieV"*';<'QV§'ii'1Z'IZ§E£'d down by a Rule framed "thy'ttiee'<'S.;;ea"icier. Ii1"t'i*iiS regard, decisions of the Horﬂaie Su§j;jeeVfr2e::"Ce'Q'tt_:are reiiecf oh te centerad that since the i éhtetest: ei' constituency is inveived! the voter is en ""'--..iht:eijeste'e" person. Deeisiens are aise reiieci om te e.e'e:fiﬁ'eh7id that E? Reies are framed arse if any eertieeiat it :i'..:"§'~te'ie takee away the right exzeiiabie {meet the {V its is aseef iaw.

39 Constitution itseif, such Reie is repugnant as the vested right cannot be taken away, The voter Sri t»<ri5hr3Via'*':.ii;i'a,:i'i»:ia made the compiaiei against Sri Ver%§<atarerr:i.ea:ha2p,i:§és"' verified the contents. Shaw cauiéeiirietieee wa:»éié.$tJeéi«' by:

the Speaker and by cerzseht of e!.i Lthie pa.>'r':_:3eA's3, matters were taken togethe:9;"i'e».§,§i":"zce i'$e;iee'1v;§ivh§ieived were game. The ieareed pointed out that said attended the BJP Legisiatigijei'é:i?e"_i7tY;'.&rﬁe"e;cih_4gevieridiijihad signed the register. """ the same means same status, The Speakef after proﬁfiiaiiijhg passed the order, which ., __VEje#iashankar, Eeamed Senior Advocate Speaker clarified at the eutset that 'thou§h..ti%.e Sijeaker has been impieaded as the "Tribune?

"..en€;i'iai.se in his eereeeai capacity, the affidavit fiiee ie to .___""i'.::os%;treve:"t {he eiiegatéehe of maie ﬂee made against him 40 pereonaiiy. In so far as the order passed in the capacity as a TTEDUFWEBE, there is no need for hire to ji.is";Vi::if:§;.?'L:'«,i:*;"i*ze same since it is for the parties cooeerneciffcog:;io'i:ii!e Same. It is contended that i:he;'a'iAi'eg'at_io;'i has been denied, Even if it. is not c:I"n'~:~1riier:f,.:_'iif.'A'A'i5 "fei:7'ti"1.e"«.iL Court to Consider the Same o\air'é" as to whether the ailegiaizionjfiloft teas been estabiisiied. The one of the petitioners ail 'oe'iiitioners is vague and of the statements have been knowledge and which of it ie based on iinfo'i"m'é;.i§io{i';'*.»i.The source of information is __._aiso ci~iscloéed.._En that regard, reference is made to CPC and the Writ Proceedings Ruies to Coéiferidv.i"e§'g;frViff.iag the requisite nature of the affidavit. CE: is eonienoed that when aliegaiiions are made against '~fi'oi}e{i*ij.utEonai Authority, the same shooid be rriaee with Vi."-«..'"V':i*ee;ioneieiiit;r. The fact that they ciid not raise iacic of Deoeféeeoee before 'ziie Soeakei" if tiiey had §<E"iQ§'%£§€§§€ of :' ii;

ear ' 'ii 41 his bias, wouid shew that ii: is oniy en aftertheught after participating in the proceedings without den'iLir}._4:"'"iTijie retraction made eefore this Ceurt by thfee.:'_:§}'eEer'e__j:e.y_"'_ filing affidavits in these eetitienS,__sifiQ_ws %enat~i':i:v;is'en2Vy v i iasi: ditch attempt of the ioosing has denied the aiiegations 'ef{t}..V_eve'r; _i_fVriet_Ciienivedj. no'-L' adverse inference can be dramirL.."fi*n"e-.zjy e\}e'ni;, the scope of proceedings before tine"Sp.eai<e_;f'*i.s:»..§5'n.iy to consider the comrnente. en_ef'_'.nn:_:videe n.c5"7r§_gVht"i"er hearing. The decision of -neiied on to contend regarciiinvvg t_n--eAVViie:i--t_e"di eff judiciai review. 1.3;. i\Eege'~:_'ie:'ii;i, Seamed Senior Advocate, en' beine"i'i"'ei the respondents N03, 5 and 7 V°i~.--.eV.;_i-%"hie..}§i*ete?s.V\}%;ino were the three cernpiainants seeking 2 _ disAq'u.eiif_iv::etii.eri before the Speaker in Cernnieint i\i0e.3 te 'eentended that the affidavit of i"€S[3€}I"iC3€i"'i'C Nej? ".__i$._Vne::':ce:itrea:er§eﬁ by the §Q€ai<€t'. it ie eiieged in the T 'affidavit with regere ice tine sequence reeiiiting in 'me 43 aspects, the records of the proceedings befere the Speaker is very much necessary and if the same is not produced, it eheuid shock the ceeeeieece of so as to can for if3{€EE"f€f"Ei'1C€,r

14. Sri P P Rae, ieamed Seh.ie.f_4Ad$£e'Cefe;,.if; repiyr "' to the contentions raised on beheif reiterated the contentions'._i:ee%\ h'gtoV_1x.{ioi;a'rie:i: of'-L' priricipiee of naturai justice. -.§§:a'§"-»eohtehd-edvv'i:hat the respondents sought to which were not before"thee':iSpeé-rker'arid o'r"1"a'ii'V:these aspects only the records .t:he~. . befere the Speaker wiii dis<:io$E3_ thei4"m,_iei$'t*atAe_ oifveffairs and as such the records Erie"p_sororh"o'h'ed and perused. Though the reply, the same was oniy interim repiy ' end "-as eu'ch.i'~~'time shouid have been granted. But, the :$;3eVe_'i<eTr'rv{}ee in a hurry and denied epportuhrty oniy with that the Vere of confidence Si":{;'3L,:§§ ee T §i"§3§"'iiQLi§at€d by creating ertifieieé rriejerriy. Reiee 3 and

-"ﬁes.

/' 44 4 0?' Ruies 1986 were not foiiowed by iricorperating the names in the Register maintained by the SV;:;«ee_:i<e§",, which, if eerused by the Speaker from his wouid have conciusiveiy estabiigmeij iziie"iq.L£'_e,S'ti:eh.V 'V dispute.

15. Sri Ravivarme ~iVe&ei":rieeﬂ§ genier Advocate, continuing' eubmitted that the tﬁ'e ee'vei'piainants that the petitic)i'z.e4rs§: by joining the it is his contention that evljerir were sworn in as Ministerﬁ 0ii"'i3_:fJ.D,_":-.2O0V8;iV they had riot taken oath in V' teprﬁg.}3f..";a,rt'iCAie 1i38""'éFV the Constitution and as such they '1ceiJ!._ciuVreeE:~«...hav§i'eviincurreci disqualification on that day as _ C!aiiT¥;ed.V___"T?ié Acerscept of coaiitiori Government hae to be _i{e._r:af'_ inkfiew as otherwise it wouid have far reaching '.'_i'_.'C:€7;_i°v'i"S&:*I§i,ii€i'i(:ES. Tenth Seheeeie eeee net refei to jeieieg T the Geverementi Gr: the other heme, Artieie 164 {:3} 2 45 provides regarding joining the Ministry, which does mt prohibit the indeperieents. Paragraph 2(2) of T_e'e_th Schetiuie oeiy prehibite jeinieg e eeiiti<:ei__.$eer*t§:jjera-ti_"'_ there is rte disqualification, if one...etten<_is'"a~~'1Eeg_i's;:iettir*e' party meeting. With reference Ed"-the_'_';3r0Cieedi:rigeV%§_tIeiet: maintained by the Seeeizezﬁi--i,t"~wasA't.eoteri'dvee..;'tiii:et*';the'W reference therein is onii~¢..withV.i-retjerd*-to cerb;3--i.ai.ri§t by the MLii\'s and not to the céerejjieiitzjtfby:'A:tvb"e:Veters. In that compiaint by theiyeterie, L>eAt'iit'ij_enVere herein have not been serveieﬂ. eifzp-pert giver: by the petitieners._erid-"th.e".ie't«i:er..._§_ferwarding the same to the Governoretetes t'be't.VAthey.i.'ere independents, The ieacier _.._of thei'egisiatijre..Ve_art§/ himseif has COi"iSiCi€|'€d them to '*._1be;f~»ind.ep.eeti'eets and the Ministers whe were inde'p'eneee7t$have not been assigned 'District iricherge' 'es aurznetter er poiicy. The statements 01' the Chief A 'iﬁiiriiéter to that effect in the riewepapers were referred. eeeduct ef certain ether Mteie ef ether parties wee u:f'i*:ee geieee tee E}? end thereafter get re--eieeted; wee :'""W

- I' 445:, ,,-

\€""

46

pointed out to contend that the same procedure was not foiiewed in the cage of petitioners as they rer1j€e4:i"n.ed indepeadent threughout. Even acCerdih_g?r"t'e.':..,:_t%*:-ef_ respondents, the cause of action §.{\1.e$__the'date:'.Qf"§weVi'r:iragj' "

the ministry and 2'/2 yeare have e1a;;see 'siricest' :thpe'e<,:

Though rue Eimitatieh is pres_e't%.pee,A"'theV be'-L' exercised onty withi,-n_ aAVrr--reeeeh-a.bie""'perir:1§d. The statements of Chief i\«'i'irii_ste';<,}*\z{zh;}§ih.j*_»t§et:i appeared in newspapers re!e'tjh_'g status of the petitioners Wer_e"aii'3mate'}=Ere"i'e.:toV"t}e~V--produced before the Speaker} if --3u'ff:::--§~eht>tsv;3}E3e_1"tu.raEty was availabie and as such therer4_:is;_p'r"ej'i;tiéc'e'::»r.'44J0me of the petitioners Sri Thangﬁ'adeg_§__ had in fact been expetled from the V"._VAB;iV'¥§'4"*'€o:<,_Conte'st_E_ng as rebei; therefore, he copid net hafvejoihetdethietvparty witheut the same being reveked. vtttrepresentation was made to the Speaker for A "::ﬁ_p."e:e'r~tunity and the reply fiiee wee without prejuéice, Speaker hes preeeecied further in the reetter. 2 .

Hence, the order is perverse and is iiebie to be set aside.

16, Sfi MB. Nargund, teamed cm;nsei._::a;3jpeVe'i*ih§' for the complainants in his repiy i:§ii:ei:iieg no scope to distinguish the _4_deci's--ier:ie ef1,'.i:iE*i'ev" i¥ie'e'i:svieV'*i.i' Supreme Court which have he'v'e"'i=i._V"vrei_iVeciVibe eieiniesting respondents. The 'nature of proceedings before at! been considered same remain appiicahiei"'i'e_x{en 'i.~h_i's et'e§ie';: In answer to the coritenti€:i--fithéai:. e'i'ie.VwQ.iJii¢;i:'became a member eniy on tai<ing1V__voath,* sis; ;:5aiii'iied out that cine becomes a I-TiV'"mer"ii--i5:ei%«_"noh"i~the iieeitiiicate of eiection being issued as Conduct of Eiectiora Rules 1961. It: is i _ paihieci v<_;_2-u*.:,ni:7hei: deiay cannot be pieecied in pieceedirigs i;ii*iciVse_i' "i"ee;i:'h Schedule as the dispute is not between the 4'_"i'.__§3'ei?fsi'ei*is iievieg eeiifiietieg rights The statements T etiribeiee 'ce the Chief Minister es aepeeriiig ie the 48 newspapers about the independent status ef the petitioners, cannot be relied on since the Chief' i~{iVir:isit_er was not the complainant before the Speeker,_..ri:o'r' _ originally a party to these procee_:i.ing_s. _ii'"tie'~.§5_et'i"tie'nVers' "

cannot make out any grievence;}wi'thr~"reigaf":i:"to:"ir*iQ'i*i.»>{ service of netéce since tr:e--.r:'i;=:.;,:nse: j.~hei'v-vre'ereseoted'i ' them has made an en;dorsem'eot:*.iti"-the o'rder..ivsheet of the proceedings ecimowitiedgirigf3'rece«iot"_»of" notice, petition and documer}te...:VV'V;'. 'ifhei i_:'.i«iearri~ei:i._'c'aonse| therefore reiterated teat _::iie"VS';3ea'i<er'"'aft:er"feiiowing the procedure and 0:'; affeVre"é.e§;¥Fe'p;5orton.'ity has arrived at his conciusioawgyvhicii'doe's»-- icail for interference. it 'g1§'r:i:.o1~a;;.<:_i=oi'~ico'Ns1oERm'xoN :

'I'%'/:':t£§:éV'abGVe backﬂrep, we are of the 0;Z)ii"ii(}i'¥ that tii.etfoiiowing questions arise for eoositieraticm in ._ "tE:ese"~«writ petitioris:~

5) Weetrzer the cempiaiets ﬁiee by five eaters 5;: respecé es' fiize eeestiteeecies 1 ,7':

if i 49 seeking disquafificatfon of the five petffioners are maintainabie or not?

if) Whether {he imgugned order passed by the Speaker suffers from th_evj' :

of non-compliance with ._ natural justise?

xii) Whether the iﬁvpgxgnéa-zf V'order "i:{v.Iz7VVV violation cf con§é:'fut{onéf- . qéﬁahdéfe or male or_«I§}'t' ;:$§§r;i);:a!.rse?

ANAl_.__.YSIS or 1*%z%1'g_;_'m_,g_i)%3%::a§:cj_j_,$?,,;;;_;.g=_;;RPosIs AND scope or *rENf:fi«asc:1Ew;.I;%:k[%%kL % % i~*1a\.rEr€g 'V'i'é:Vfiv:;?a:fd.'V4§§i§"}e'arned Advocates and before prcceedingxE:.g%ftvhé§',_ it._viSwf£:'=.levant to note that the Apex

-'VCQur'§'3'«:3nE»_.fhsa%_ ca$é'o..f...Kihoto Ho/fohon vs. Zachilhu, (AIR considering the question of validity of.'F,iL§ty~Se7<§{"i.g:A.é Amendment to the Constitutiarz which 7-» _ b.raugh:.___ 1~i:he Tenth Schedule 3?" the Constitution Ente VA :%"{jhr'£.€_;j'A'«.-'and the question sf pm/var Q?' §udicEaE mvéew hag ¥.'Ti_3.3§Ci mat the acope sf ﬁwéciaé revéew améer Artiecfes 136 614' SO and 227 at the Coristitutieri of India, in respect cf an order passed by the Speaker/Chairman of thes..Vi:i_a'use uhtler paragraplmé would be eenfihed to errors eriiy, viz, (a)ihfirmities _l:>.a.$ed erl""vi:c':_l.aVtlei'i.V af constitutional mandate (b)ma/a fit'ies1'(c'f;" h6nf'er§'inA;5?i'iah"ee:

with Rules of natural jastlee ii:'erjveijs§vi::y';':._;"'~ It is also held intleie said 3_':.ll"ci'g:--,=..:'.'»1i<'~:i='i">itt that the pewer to resoive such d.ispute_-vesteci ~.ln:v.ltt§.e'v_Sj§ea'l<er/Chairman, is a judicial._pev§:ef':a_hi:i':theﬂlspea«k'er,£Ci§airmah acts as a Tribunal'w'hE~le:':tjeeié§:i'ag"'the' r'aa"ttwe'r£. In the very judgment it is expressed tliat':_~th'e_:_'S-gaealter/Chairman holds plvotai posltleh in t'isVeV_"s:h'erh'e VG'? parliamentary democracy and '3V"i3.l335»f'<i*ia'll1AOf 'fi'i"e""rights and privileges 0f the House. '}~4..e:'.i_sV'e:<:ijeC'ted_v:te and do take far reaching decisions in . theAft;he§:vi~t:z1§f=ig: of parliamentary demecraey. it ;l"'-1:9. Since the entire scheme of Tenth Schedule VV"'l-allweieid be relevant ta CSl'"ES§C§€¥' the above questiaasg it ufweuid ea aehefieiai ta leek ta the teaseris and ebgeets 51 with which Yenth Scheduie Eg inserted in the Constitution by F'ifty--~Seconc:i Amendment. It seems, f'aéEure...V§rf4:'_"t¥:je pcéiiécai partieg En {he 196?-elections ta 3e§u.r?éab§g:$:§__§:?:;e_"'. majerity to enabfe any of them tc:_,fo.i"F'n théé"G§$g*éVf'n;§'V1,e;:.f "

at the Centre as waif as in the St:3te:%'_'gé§vé'~r_é'Sé"»'£5 spread pcaliticai defections b9'-..:vé%.::;5cte€i' * L' Absence s::>f a str'on9 *1§W Q-rs"A'f5?3'1'€Cj'§;<;2I§F"aticf3§1~--.ofv §Eolitical parties further accentu'a{a=:'Ci Reportedly, some M.L.As. thiéa sidiié m€§*tE3:.g_'fé;jr'vmonetary gain, iure of officéiw ';.:;pwér, changed parties three by day. The evii of poiiticai defections"-b_ecam'e é'.V;*z:..§i:*£e«rVof nationai concern. %%ae5¢e, ''''' "Em 8.12.1967, the Lok Sabha "V{g..r{a.nE%ra$jL:~§;%§y4V%'aTd§)~ptecf the foiiowing resoiution:-= 5?! higfrievef Cammittee congigting 02' vfepresentatives 92' political parties and Canstiéuféanai experts 5% set up immediateiy by Government $0 C0!'I§fCf€i' {ﬁe preéiem Qf :'eg:'S;'3§Qr§ ahsaging éhair E 52 afiegiance frem one party is another and their frequent" crossing er' the ﬂoor in ali its aspects and make recommendatians in this regard. "

Accordingiy, a Camméttee known as the on Defecticms wa$ Set up to st.L:Ady_4the.V§'f'c§if}:.g,¥'é'*i'1S'_:.V0 sf up poéitécai defections and suggesf'14'ré'i§n"e3VdiTaJ'i« 'inéa_§:5_f'e§§vT«1. The Committee in its repoffgated }".:h '3.a h'agéiJ:rf$g3';"'~§,§)69 " V observed : --

**** fourth Genera! Vv'vEIect:'oE?é;':'j' -~ ~-- sfﬁort period between !\'/IAa.»*%:c_':4r'%:, V ~February, 1968, the .' ~.T{";di§nv,}:;¢iiE*icéV;' ééene was characterized by Lrfzvxirzrwrozjé"'if?S}fanc@s of change sf parity by /es-gisiators in several Sz':ates¢ ' ta roughiy 542 Cases in the e-;=:rét':'r é period betweer: the first and the §$urt!7 Genaraf EieCt;'or7s, at {@335 438 defections QCC:£.!!'!"€G' in these .22 men:/75 afone. Ammg fndependenég, :5? gut" Qf§ 5055;' G?" 3276 @f$(Z"£"€€If, jaineaf varéauﬁ Qariieg 1";

53 in this periad. That the lure of affice A-'.

piayed a dominant part in decisions :3;

/egisiatars to defect was obvidus "fact that out of 210 defecting !egi5iag:fdrs.df1.dI"' 'A the States of Bihar, i~{ar}5ana,:--""i'vfa¥}*:5h}iaV", Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasfhan, »£5k3dé5h:vw.d A . J and i/1/est Bengai, 11i5_4_weré.=.':--Aid':/ude§;.".iidv':'i}e Council of Ministers 'wi§';'ch ti%ey_'i2«£%I§3éAd:fd bring into being; by def€é§;tién,$. The...0t£§er disturbing feaa i?ui5;e.s :fi2'i.s9fj ,dh--e_nomenon were: mi:/tip/e_.V»3{5€3 Tcv>.f_ by the':

same s__p4é3;:;:iL:n bi" £§f:Jp:érsa:§5 (Haryana affakdiidzdgjd Cc§'iif;-:§i}'C.!,i:¢3Li.€;,A -exampie); few {iresigiiieiwitiidniéii oifqfiie diembership of the Viegfis/arwfe'."part of defectors to pdii£"i_¢a»l pa.rti:3$,g§:i3nstituency preference or upub/IC Vnoipidiond and the belief held by the and expressed in the press that V . ..§§fc:z:fr'L.?;;~fii:i:n and bribery were behind some of defections,"

Accdrding id Sivri Subhas/'2 Cﬂashyap, farmer Se<:refary-Gen@raf :32' Lok Sabha, btE?Z'W8€~E'f"? the fduréh dad the fffff? generai eiegfiang in .2596? and Z§?2, i"f?€r"'€ Wﬁfﬁ 34 near/y 2000 cases of defection and coanterwdefectien, and met the iure office pie)/ed e dominant per: in this Ag;:_,_" - The Committee on _e--fe:?i*i:§rie .

recemmencied, inter aiief' ;

1025: )(e ) and .191(1)(e,>igoii_Cm::iii;;em 8f'i"i,£JOW€i" Periiemef;tVL:*~-..,,;g i*'r:ei<e\x ' Va ﬁ1e'v\i. providing for gfisquaiifieetieie {:2i"'e«.v,i:._2'eif,5:7en for being cheee:i':_'e_s, ;_ being, a memberef eit/yeti' c:'f.iVvPe.i}'iement or of the"'~.Siete1A__ L§e_ﬁ?i'siefii}%e..VV_'{§:Ss'embiy er _ standing for vie'/iec£*ie'i;7 t5'§1:i--"'afiie'menf"ierState Legislature 'is efne? 'iigivt as distinguished free? -3 mneamentaz right, it is open to '~Perliemei2f°toiiniipeee such restrictions er <C'£:»ric3'i:ions'V::i'i*i"Vthe exercise and enjoyment right' as it considers necessary er ' vieaisjeeeib/e in public interest. On that besis'; ii? is possible to previde in e specie! 3 ':*egis!etion met" a /egisleter whe renouncee the membership of er reeedietes his eifegience 3e 3 eeiiiicei party eiieii be ﬁx E52 ' 53 disqualified frem Continuing as e memberj czf Perliamenf/State Legislature.

He will nevertheless be free fer election again if he S0ii»V%efisheé,"'eek;i» 5:3 sit as a member in case,he;~ge€S'--.elee€e:i.'if--..__ Where, hewever, e Vliegislefer'::fefecre-efeire "

pecuniary edventage"'ve}*. for an of profit, an eleVn'7.e_nt ;::'f" e'ig'g'fa=.v.eti'dn' "en{*ers into his eCtion""mil?i'el*;4,vf'}sé*;ée'z"f§gg%imas to be visited with greefef:'Vse*:%e'»;fit§};v_ may be done" "eddie§i"on to being di5c}i._iai}il'ieiﬁl ' ' ;C€3'i?~.*ii'?I:f;7{?§,'7' as a member l?ei:liei*i*i:;:i'iit)';Sl*e'te 'Legislature, he will kalse'bVeV'e','§5@eet1:é*1ii'?5§*::'*~from being Chosen as a me,rnber"* of .:'F?ei'iielnent/State Legislature ' fer elf?-eiftieuleli" period. In this context, we V Consider i"l7e"'ferm "office of profit" as used :27¥'fi:fi'<:le 102/191 to be inciusive of Vmii§;'steiShi'p (as is evident from the e}£eieneti"on contained in Ci.(2) of that ii ;Ai"i"icle); hence, defecfieﬁ fer the sake 02' ministersliip Can, without e'iffiC:il:"y:, be breugivf under the eggreizefee eetegery, :35 £2 56 If any ,€3i':?.°"SG!'? who has been eieacfed 3 member 3:' éither Hause 02' Par/iamex:fi:§\:§£f' =. of the Legisfaiive Assembly er Legsﬁati-v§::*"L:"' Councif of a State and ;z~z.ﬁ20_4v;sa*§V"a';'fé,é:§tét1 _' the reserved symbof of any:1-pf)1'itic;§i-..;t§E.>:9t;lﬁ'-L..__V in respect 02' such ._eIe<fi:iQ'n re{7(;}A:;n <:és (whether by words, ifvczfnzfuct or_V_a'r2§?.= ofifjuei-E ' manner) afterrtfre sa':'c:'~A.é§;'eEtfQn a§i!£:a'g!ar}2ce to, or assoCiat:'<§nA' w.:'ff7,ff;S§Jcff7 §2z§]i£.fz;aI party, he shelf. V upon'~ s:e:Cf":. '»_ré§§;1}j';§i&:i§ic3r2, be a:scIt%As2.?i§/I§:}ciL ﬁr: be:h9L%k SA h'*:ve--.r;:2ber of me Hocise ,~._ };é§;j5;'a§tive Assembly VOr"'i;e;§jj;'si£§'fi:v"e 'C'.1Q'uhCfi""fa"g1,4/hich he was so *:=..2le'--c:ted. if -~ ._ "

§§4eanv\}hii§é,V.t'né"v.EVE£;ré'<:i:EQn Commission akso En its i<'3'n'"'the E4/E'E'tii'?i:Verrn Generai Election in India; %k':9'e.8%59[,' 1:3 gated : -

When the resufts of the Faurth éeneral Elections of 1967 were deciared, it wag fozmd 5:535" ﬁve Iridian Naéfanaf Cmgregg whim baa' {Eff than bean me ﬁamiﬁarzf gjmiiéicaf garéy éhmagghsuf .Z;m';a 57 had lost its majority in a number of State Legislative Assemblies and its majority in the House ef the People tied also--.__ drastically dwindled. This not resulted in the formation of non-Coe§'ressj'L----.. Governments lo a number _of...A4_j'Ste't:e ._ Assemblies out also made such State Assemblies fe»rgi_e:t*'--_toe ei'veiet'iei:;\- premises and plec:lge:fs~~..V'helt3' electorate at the time__oV?f-eleetiooh'oyenolion behalf of the Voefrties £}--_;?ti"::'.rl_ioi*i*2t they" erere sponsored and i in large numb :..rs«i;_o quick.:'t.:su«r:€fe'ssion:j' from their The elected v'k'eoi*eseoVte.t'iVesforggot that defection and re;'ciefeetio.r2V'froo§' one party to another is oet payioovvvin the loog~ruo, and more often tfieo"e_ot it ects as e boomerang hitting the whom it is resorted to. The ' eﬁorelrteonseoeeoees of defection and floorm 2 .. eressiog are sometimes fer~reeching and " * serious. "' 21, Keeping in EAEW the reeemmerzeetioos ulfef the Cemreéttee er: eefeetéeesf tee ﬁeestétetéoe »' l XE./.

58

(Thirty-Second Amendment) BER, 19?3 was intmduced in the Lok Sabha in 1973 seeking to amend ArtieiV.e'::::Q2 and 191 of the Constitutien and t0 provide, . disquaiifying a Member frem com_:JimJ»i_r'sg e:é"a'--:iV_3;veE§'::be.f ef either House of Parééament or {ﬁe S'$_t_ia~{e 'Le_§';'S§ai:Vi;:§'_e..jiimj. his voﬁuntariiy giving up the'-

poiiticai party by whi;:h_he wa:.."%_se"{--~..;i;p aé'ean:iidate at such election, etc. TheBiii';*-..t%"o:w'%.V';'=§f.',.LLzpsed with the eiissoiution of 0}? V' 22;; """ SxLj33seﬁ§iu"eh'EiVy';-' 'é'¥1et'§§er Bil! \/42., the ConstEtu t.ieﬁ.. Amendment) Bill was intr'od_UCed in §he.VLeAk'v_'S'a'eha 0:': 283.1978. Untike the B311, 'ee-this l'§V3Ai'E'E"e'cjeJgr"1t; to specify defection from a '*3"-!Ee'rfaj1be:{5S««..A%.Q%%Eg§vbiai poiiticai party as a disquaiifieatien under A;fi:i~eEei€s 1G2 or 191, as the case may be, arid te ..a«--}1ew Scheduie vi2:.g 'Tenth Scheduie in the e.'_C'::3V:*:'etéE:;?:§er§ ﬁe eeeé with varéeus espeete of defectiera, T E*:;:i:,, the 1§"?8m§EEE was wéthdrawe en the same day, 2: 3':

2""

59

Hcswever, having experienced the worst poiiticai Endéscépiine and betrayai to the democratic ett*:%cS__,,...VaV_::-'1.."c_::'!T~as sufficient damage was caused to the goiéticaﬁ3V..r%é{j:9éL:i~ef tha cazmtry by them due to ciefeCf;;c:m_s, Ef§"*1"e" §§3é.¥'.tfs,;éi'EtL§_'a:im_V ' (E"~"Eff:y'--Sec:<:>rac3 Amendment) 3532, and passed in the ?ar§iar21é:1f"~~E._r; tiE"i'e.__e'nud :V-.pf"~ 3'ami:ary, " V 1985. The Act came:"§gj't0 1}3;1<98 5. The Statement ef Objects ,'i71j%"~v';»_'.'.\*3r§ngirag the Constitution Act, 1985, makes the: V"":iir:t:9oductic>r2 of Tenth Schedutve to.%:ﬁé*vVC_é'nstiti3't¥.0:3 gear, and the same is as foEEOws:-- '« A V-.TA./we "éV'r";»""'::af political defections has ,bve§n:¢'a§::":2?atter of national Concern. If it is "' ._«;éVéé:".r:§;>rf§=bé§ted, it is Iikeiy ta undermine the vcekyvféundatians of our demecracy and the _ ,;:2'f!3;?CI',Q!€S which sustain it. With this ' ';9bjec:t, an assurance was given in the Addrgsg by the Presidemf ta ?ar!;'3mer2:'. that ﬁve Gatxemmerzé infenafaaf $9 intraducs ,.?\ 60 in the Current session sf Parliament en"

enaedefectien Bill'. The 527/ is meant fer out/awfng defection and fuifi/fing the assurance. "

From the above it is cIea2*':.'th; aLA~9t:h"e.';3i§%p:©Vé'e.A.'t%fj enacting the Censtituticm {§§'3'ty»Se'cQnd_Vééreeirrvdment) = L' Act, 1985, i.e., incorpereti<)n'V.eefR:i:'§je"'*E7enf¥i"Scheeufe and other amendments ha'e.'.§A;hEch was of serious CC3F3C€=:I§".¥'."::E:;§if§£i the legally elected :':a'j'a.f*:{iVi"'~._ie "v~:»prevent the poiéticai immora:H_1:y._ but aise to make them effective. A . _ °*2':3~;;'Th'i>.a,;gh {A:VeWeafre conscious that aii statements mVec:§eV'J'¢}.é:£§=~§.yf;"g%V debate in Pariiament wiii not farm a _ partwaf when the BEEE is uitémateiy made as few, ﬁe ,c1_:ieeVm.. it necessary and ﬁnd it beneficiai to notice C*e%?t'a'EE: ef the eeéeiens exereeseﬁ eurewfg the debate ﬁeee in the eeriiereeni whee Eeiredeeéeg Ceestitetéoe (zig-

..-«~53 61 (Fift\;~Secend Amenement) SHE. This is so, since the peepiee representatives themseives have expressed serieue concern abeut: the feiiieg peiéiicai si:aVr}<;§eé'r.3_V, defection and ﬂoor crossing fer persona! em was therefore Entroduceé keeping the?' phenomenon of the defection which *a:e'u'tieV:'e.eE:§1.e_:' apparent after the Fourth "i3e:jerail'~._;;éiec:':E<i§.ij'§§~~e§._:...,§..;1. iiheé year 1967. Whereasyup tp-----«iV;A"2e6'F~,...L'ther'e--have been only about 400 defec"1:ief1ss', year frem the eiection of, defections, of which, :'?;_he._f§§fL:'s*es__»e»Eise«v_s'e.y,«1&8 were by persons who became ivis-¥rjistver*'s_eif .!'§?i:'i*e'i4si;ers of State. Among 157 ir1cie.p.eed'ents V'eeei: v_0f':a rota? of 357' eiected, joined __during the period between March 1967 :ioeeFeerqai%g; The pmbiem became so important Tf;"em"the*.pei'nt ef View ef preserving the best traditions A Cfef':eie'e7Q<:racy and of setting eerieén norms ef peiiticai eeéhexsieur the': e Cemméttee of eefeciéee was see ee "ﬁe tee meeie ef Seieeer see? eeeer the Ceeirmeeeeée ef 'if' 62 the then Union Home Méniater Sré Y.B.(.'jhavan, and cmsisting of eminent jurists tike Mr.3apEfﬁ'.a:'fy_, Mr.Seerva§ and aisa Endepemcients and éiffererzt poiitical parties repz*es_e.n.t»ed The saéé Committee made certain1'_'f*e~3:icff;~m'@.ric%ét:§"c~s7'§;1I.j and those recczmmendatéonéb a:§gj'eVrie cc§'r:s;£_cEe.:fé d v§{ﬁ'en iihe 1973 Constitution (Amendrneﬁfj:*. 'E53-»U_ w3'$*vv§nt..r{>duced first; and that BEN, for ~:jognizan<:e <3'? this Phenome{:$';2.V Q? v\§:haf_: . ,.§1aSA C:Q'f'.'Uv€ 'Véfto' be termed as "Aya Ram Réafiff.'v I??é't§,pEe' crossed the Ftoor with<3uf,_an._y-- AiA:r§;t':'7€¢e§E~§.§V;:Vi'{3i»€§~i§f'E.E1Cip¥e, but crossed the Fiocsr mainly a{:tu4_;_a%ted or fear the purpose of gain..§g%§:9'V a. politlicafgadviantage or a personal advantage. _dravAfra&i'4..:<;$'fphangEng ceiour cf the mantle started ti*'i'€3ﬁ';V%' 3VE"i£'j :':§3V3.»*é'Y';' section of the Hausa and every 'vgectibta the peepie was unanimeusiy of the View that A this phemmenon was compieteiy obiiterated frﬁérm am' mhtécs, it wcsuid mt cmﬁy ﬁéscmﬁit GU?"

demgcsﬁcy bu: aisa d§§m": we futzgm grawtﬁ £3? matufa Ex Kg?

63 and healthy potéticai comsentiens, which aione, apart from the censtitutioeai provisions, sustain a eVtf'o_ ;*rg demecrecy. Some ef the reieveni views e.xpéfe's'ee'§§..:mi.-.._e the Debate ever the Bééi are as he:feu{2_der_;'~~.::"v . Sri Shared Dighe, Memeer, 'e>;';'j':¢eese;V§;i--".'.teat, Ve*e3'zV act of a Member which brin<_j§'~~..§own fix-e _V"GE5ve'::r1ment has to be punished beeaus-e §'3.._a$ "aeE_ready "given a commitment to his vo!::.ez*::...t;:ha't-- he '{i§i':_)iiiiV<;:i'.'*s:;"§tend by that party, he weegicfé £§«y_1tf§Vei:j..wef;3j'ﬁiVfeSte and discipline of t:ha'cVve';:Se'rtx,§.;':j:' TA5e:"efC&e,' \$rjt'inVg' against the party or abstaieihg "from been aiiowed.

Zainuf 'Ee She'er, Member, has expressed that, if;eff;er..v'_w§er:eVE't:g the eiection with the support of the paktye,' tv'Irieé--'V--"i.--_;eV§f_;.EV?5jiator defects from that party; ét %e e X_gree§ ..fKfi"a:_1,£.(VZf". That: the Legistetors do not eeceive A ":L.{eeTei'eetves er the Gevemment er the party, but they V. deceive teeee eeeeie wee eéeci: them, Seth Legieéetere stebeee 'see beck ef iheee eeepie wee eeve vetee fer a cfwkx we 5 if 64 perticutar member keeping in View the ideeiegy, election menifeste and the symbe! of the party. If he defects from his party and jeiee the other, he st:eVV.gb'~':..:»'_:"%";.i_;e vetere in the back. He deczeives those veters1..;'_:"""~' L" 1 Sri Vijey N. eetiig Memeerivhhee'«e>§«pre«3:eee_i;h*e't,x7. seidem independent m€mb»6;?§_'S gvet: 'e.iecte[.¢i;.h_.:"Tf1et.4""i'ev"

very true of the Parriament"V"e':::_"aIso c5'i~..th'e.'-igxeeieehbly. Hence, te defy the vof_e":e e.:f}d§.efes_e'Vvv:'e.\(er tohthe other side is a treachery e_h,d_~--.Vit"V._h::}}L£5éi:v,.'faunished by disquel:ifE'Ce'tie:hi,freéih'Hie.a'M'erh"b'er"e£hip of the House. Sri Member, has stated that '..V.'ciefin«i.%;.eviy; {hie a blow to the politicians, whe ha;w\;e..Vbee'e C.f§§3Siﬁg or changing the fioors, have been ree.ofiingi'tej~:eeEpet creseing, eoiitieai turmceatism, the 'v,peIEtEee musical chair, the poiitice of opportehiem A pefitics of defection. There are few' graves in peiiitice, eemeéy the eeeeteter group, the feeter greue, eféhe eefecter greee eee the: greue eshiee ée eeeee " 1% €35 dangerous than others has given same cencesséen for spiéttersﬁ This Biii Witt deﬁnitety check aii theseﬁi-ni_:d.$_ of pelitécai groups.

It is further debated that the is "noE'An<:'ea.;f:.:: f:ex;-'I'*1. the peogﬁe, but for the i,egEi;§'a?_;_ors«'c:!i'ge'rr*;se§xg.'{§.g;».'..ﬂue';fer 'V some historical reason, the poiiticiens test purity; \_xA\re1 i :'e.r§.»a21'A§::%;:§»!es HVVF)0EEt:iCS4 Therefore, the ;_egisiatere. the law for themselves§_te§'*.:rj"}e::}}§:e'_ potiticians Ex;{_er:__ role of the independent members',"V--tf1e and Sri 8.K.Gadhvi, one of the l'u/Ee.mber'haS expressed his views as under:

er V"5f;:'_i:stated that independents eiected '__: 'by.'.fr§'?er.:;peopie cannet join any po/iticei _' pergfﬁ' I do net understand any rationaf V " behind this. If some change is not done «eirere, éiaerz, ﬁve er Six fndepeedenfe in e Stare may 55;)': fee eeferree 63753 5:65 er rhet efde eee' were wéff egein be {he rrreneee ef \ 72%;'-W' .

66 "Ayarams" and "Gayaram:~:". Therefore, when 3 man is selected independently, he has gni" ﬁne verdict of the penpln an own account. If a person is selected" :3;§~ A independent with the .€"g;2;::iC'__ c;>if""'ai:'ﬁ£?iyé"'iy "

support of any no/iticai justified to say that ne_4_cann~::_f'Vbe 3Jiic::.yéc2"

to join any pniiticai But,' 'ic1i?_r:é'=_a"' person is indepve--n.den£jiiy,* his }"ign€..».§a aci: independently Eéiisznrc3);§.is.t§"Eiis:ing with his position. I . £'hini<,,.~V--:'{5 miouyicj :.n{iif [,}i;C1,D€f to curzfaii ':~i*ns:_...n'ght of an My humbie C::in§ideration of the mini my tnat in the Case of Indefnieyndentsw'*._vvye:!'should not put any Qfiétiinrs éf inter joining any political 'V'?":§éA'I=.nnjectives of this Bil! are iaudabie anéi 'if will definitely act as a deterrent .. against defections. But the basic aim and H jifidea cf the Biil is tnaz': with a View in cream 5 nnaiiny demncracy in ﬁne cnazntry, inﬁepiennense, nan-recngninea' gsniinarai 67 parties, email parechial and regional parties are not C{}l'?dUCi'§./E' to the growth democracy. Therefere, cur aim is we wan? to maintain and democracy, national parties; .e.f»_equal":*ali&;re"'V "

and centresz" should be Unfortunately, it is (?ra_t_ ha&;:pening.eV.v~"'.l.The blame can be put on th'e.To-{her si.rje'.~.e j£3Ll'f;,y,l 3 am not going V sihto th*a.§'Ve_:*aé;*a.eCt. 'Sihvee democracy is a §ihrte-.qa;ai.ha'i?~Veeife'fe_ healthy nation, there sheela.' jibe?--ha'tie'h_al"'-fgafties all over the' strength until in the true sa_enSe_' hilx$i:5"2§:.rl_gif§:'3,riV;i(:»i?: ale velaping. Therefore, htiy. be that with a view to dieeowfagfei:_fhie5' independence, with a ..4.§:view to xdiseouiwage some small regional or pafechial groups to Centest and come in ih«zal*:;€i5ll.ee%%foIrefg~g;n: of the democram forum or arehahi-'Vol' this country, some measures are ' éfelkhev adopted. If there are Indeaehdehts, *=._theh tacitly people wee/0' W and the *i"Zne'eeene'enfs would eeceme an instrument ef her$e~fraclihG because éhev will he veelhe ehee ee éhie eleie aha" az' ehefher 68 time an that side. When there is a crucial mament, when there is .3 narrower Contest between the rival sarties in the Hou§<~:;i--V:'V"-5":."* then they weuid be playing their roieA4"i:*3:7:«A:fj:'-'.j'_:~.. horse-tradina Cannot be _eiimin3€éd«--i:ifaf"V. * which we aim in this Bill. "

Sri Kamai Nath¥.4_._"':%Mer--hbgfziﬁ:«..j§§§s«.expriézééead his views on the Bit! as un;;ie.a{';:-..

" ifii/aiepho/éi, the diV:s*t:;iia~'iifig:§:ti':c::53ff1" a";--i§mg c§"LJ'f":of defection in this' Bill' deterrent far a persrm' wi7t$" zjfé??§2ci1f3§~...biecau5e of inducement _;<3f csfficé f.:>.:_*Hff"7«.¢2 ii":-'efsecfor can be appointed .3 i¢1ii+§i:'st&4:;fA_for isvikiihaonths, withaut" Contesting V " It is true he will have to seek " . .""'éie§itib;_2i7'Vaévifhin Jose his seat after six M.ii'r:j:cin%z~hs'. But he can be appointed as A. Miiiiéter for six months by the party, which " --. friay be Er? affice, 50 which he has defecfea'. T??fS is an inherem? Weaknesg sf iizvis Siii, W8 have £205 fuify arm' éafaify greverszed 3:02" 69

we are trying to stem. In the short run, any one can avail of this epportunity. J would suémest that tfmre shcsuid be sort 0:' deterrent, that he cannot f7o.g"Li§ Government office, 0r fhaf _h.e c:53r:r;*{§t"sé,';c_::l,<_ "'». * re-ele<:ti0n fer a coupie of y:ears¢_§ﬂ§g}{;é.€,:§'*Q:=.'~., H " _ T _ (Emphasi5,§u;3plicéd)'V V' Sri fiagan Nath K"a--L;sha*E,_ expressed his views as amt'-V.é'r.__; " . V J "Ir; if Bill as it sf.3nd$_ K . be:-a::.ﬁz'r:fsf3 versiai C /3 use has beérg the Biff is very simplﬁk h;e Ak'*eéi_c§ns from that poltﬁcai Or? "ff:§.....!a'be3l Of which he Won the .V;a:'e:3:ctic;2:r} ,;"*~tf2e least what should be done is gézrciuza forfeit his seat. Some hon.

A"-4.._Me_2'm€23a%r$ are even suggesting thai" not A 07':'?v(_}§'~ he s/maid forfeﬁ: his seat, he Show/cf disqua/if/ea' for 3 number cf years n'2or§, Sama peapfe have game 30 ibis ferigth. They say mereiy beaaazge 1% Eases his 595:; ii is mi enaugh §U!'?§S§?§'??@f?E; ﬁe 70 sheuid be di'squaiified for a humber of years. But we have not gone to that length, Fer {he mament, we are on that he should ieee his seat and ge A to {he eiectoraffe by te!ii'ng__ifhe_h7 "her-.ii:«_A.h"' renounced that party, i\iov§r_I 4' ' en the ticket ef ehethVer.4_perfy'.'_',i"or 1 c:omihg as an indepehdeiifpereeri-,._V_ i«*'.i<5§:Jixe'.Vr ' you eiecf me?" V There was;f;"a~n_ "¢iViexbe.i:e«,..'r"etating te the status of the Sr; 3agan Nath Kaushafiide'n;§§:ver;'§.éiiheie»..:expi'eéeed his views on this point in %:§1VVe"Debaf€e.hjVaS :

A 3«._3'0,he ef"h2y%_..fi:eh. Friends first raised the _: why' have you brouciht in "-'.__ihzie;2.e_riefe'hts in this net? Independent is ah__v~;'he'ehehdeht. He foreets the base. The igegie idea is this. When he went re the A h'~«electorate, he mid everybechr, I are net: iike ' Hehy of {these eeiiiicai hartiee these heiitice! gertiee ere ee erreaahr zfhet 318%' die' !"?Q£f hive re e eereeri iike me ::he eerie éieket am', K1 72 Expressing his gratitude, the then Law Minieter Sr? AJ<.Ser: said thus :

"I went" to express my gretff:u'c:!e~» ._ House, to the Prime Members of my party f£:>r__ e'zj{c;2*;g«. "

support which they ha ve:"'~g{vee" fer"

this a reaiity, '(his prQ.si/:e;;§__e:}ce.'aga{f(7, proof was needecﬂ" we ;r2 'a'f:.grify_»and the stability efour the clash of; eélndi parties, when "~~ng3'?}_r'C§§rj has gone out, the ::;'(re.$peﬁtI"¢£§:,VVH parties, have cfesed. .c::';>me and heeded to tf7e";_a'l!%of I remember, in this Avery f9I£>:J::se,.Vs}v/7Ae3_z92"i*i;)e Chinese attack came, 'isevfjiieir; cur }e'te....!eeder Sri Jawahar La! Nehru, ._wa:s«, *.§"ee_king on the proclamation of he uttered these great words, wf;_:'C:'2vL'.;3?e still ringing in my ears: "This is e'uf'3~finest how'; We must ail stand {Ike 3 : "»;<;o!id rock eed repeei this invasion." And ' 2':he eeuniry eid eteec! {Ike e eeiiaf reek. ?'1"2e £3,e,ee.31:'ie:>r: fiere and euiiside emf everywhere refffee' reggae' {he ﬂag es' fedéeﬂ : 2 -

1. K' = 2 73 5 remember the Vijaya Chowk procession sf that year on the republic day when the entire Oppesitieh turned eut efong with eye greet feeder and marched here eleng the path of the Vije;ze__Chee/%k'.~.:'_jV.I"'-. * remember when the Pekfstem e.tijé:c}7<, <':';e'me~..~..,,, H in 1971' end Indira €§e:m;fhf gejée a <;Ze1r:i'er2 ° calf ﬁe the nation egein"'£,o:"'-raiiyh r"eg2:'7«d§'_:

nation did reiiy mend em';'--..en9fici$t th'e*ve!e.s;§ of arms it respé'heed"--e_:e,';thefj5:é3lI_ of the netien. ' Sr); toefe_)}"~.the eohscious of our dem'e'cne';;iy .52:»a der"~duty*"vtev'7the national fail' has brou;jizi5j'-~;f.S»e,vefiﬁﬁgether re suppori' the Prin;1e__ Minf:r.fe".€' .--.fh"~-..eV"the piedge he gave ;'mnj2edie£:e1y'°after he came and took aver aeminishtfetion of this great country, ' " W511 be a reeiity efter elf. And " . . "~30 Vite eA'e:=£9ee/ity. "

" "MR.SPEAKER : Subject re Cerrection, Vh""~;f:he men}: of the iﬁivisiorz is : A3/ee 4.28; ﬂees Nix.

"bf 74 The Motion is carried by e majbrity of the {brief membership of the House ebb' by a majority of not less than {"WO-z'ﬁ/7ffdS bf members present and voting. The amended, is passed by_J..th_e ret;ui;$i:feV""w "

majority in accordance with the;:%rbs{i$.ibng--..~..,,i,__ of Ariicie 368 of the CQ.F}S_€"i{"UfiC?fi."-- The Motion was adbpfe~ij, (Ern'p'npe..9i3_ _ It is tb"*.'q&{_0t;e 'j_ib:e:--V"co.n.£fibding remarks made by i5;~..~;;f;i_i~€§db"i," and reply by the Speeke}:_wnic*bv but it is the punch zine that sumsVVV'L:;;i% me -enp:fife.:.".intent, purpose and abject of

- ifiye .'5;::neb'iife.._ .... Q' » "'v4:"";§i§(A,5:E*.""MADHU DANQAVATE ; Sir whet "'«.._E.*b{__3£:f Abbitbarv reference tb defectbrs? Mn. SPEAKER ; The Dabsincz offrfzis by;

V' " is iéseif an obituary' tb defeetbre; ""

(Emphasis gbppfiebﬁi 'K 3 " 2}' 75

24. The object is to curb the evii of ee1T'i"U--c;al defectéene motivated by iere ef office, menetery..'g;e:%'_;fr'ef°' other simiier considerations, which e.bdejege~r:" _ti"re'~ foundations of our democracy aria deny» fee:4.e§'t.%Zea1.§V'bfe being governed by a etabfe«.._Vgo\rerfeneen€A'v'b"bf,r__V.V!a§;Ee.g emphasis or: development. Tbe___e'i3j_ec:_ is .a"§se:j':o preserve democratic structure of"--'£be "--L_eVgi:.ei'efiefer -end safeguard peiiticel moraiit};fr':.__!_egi:e'Eeter$ sought to be achieved by;t'f:"e4.._ff7e-rigbv Sr;__¥'1e_du'Ie:f.'1'ie__r»eWensure ioyelty ef the Iegisiaferefte.;%e;,;'pb'i*é§;Ec.e1ﬁp'erty5 whéch sponsored the candEdat£3.re.._ 1i:.fu:rtrbVe'r.v_ p~r:e'\g.er1ts independent members from iVeesin§j'*~.trie§r'v--.ied_ep~~eVndent character as such and I-'1?proh"i':b'§ts..,'t.hem freVrri"j'e'iVnéeg a poiitécai party. £5 aieo to erasure the voters of 3 'bertéee§.a£r.:_eebstituenCy from wmcb a member is eiected

5.e':«:i_er':"~«_rindepeneent candidate that such candidate weuid jeie ere; bebtieei eerty efter the eéeetéees. Wbéée :."e§ee':%r2§ e eereee es er: iedebeneerzi member ef r= me 'z__ ,' f 3 76 Legiséeture, the majority ef the voters of the constituency would reject the candidates frC4).f.."i'i»-_:5L!"}_€3 peiiticei parties centesting {mm Such cenet§?:{fe'n'e§g;..__jﬁ€3a__".

such, it is expected and it is incu_in*.1i3_em: _--c'in"tne. Veiectedv independent member to retai'1é4n1'_A_Ain?s'"~§nd_e;2e:é'€i---einii.i character without jeining amé-._;:;§i3.FV_§t§can'§" %;3__arf:7§ 'an'ei"'w»itE'ieut " L' imbibing or foﬂowing the..Vpeiiciie*e.ierideas Cif'a.nyv'§poEitica§ party. The electorate vete for the independent ev$£are.A""ii:.i3.ai;' eiected, their representatiife ne'te'i'.'jb'e'of the Government which inanyAAeﬁenﬁ:"2»\;iEi.:be.__formed by (me or the ether poeiticat pas=€:y;i V V-':e,7:S.a.,,3"h"uS, "" 'iirevisions of Tenth Schedule are intended to strengthen the fabric sf' 2 _£ndiAa-n Pevriieyinwbentery democracy by Curbing Lmprineipied Vegnetnicai poiitécai defections. (See Kihoto Hoiiofron 4:'e'~_s}s§V2'aehiI!hu m are .1993 SC 412) ix f\\// /' 63%' 77 ANALYSIS QF THE RIVAL QNTENTIONS :

26. in this background, ts resoive °lZl'1@4,V.iv$L"?»..'_3':'F'.'.tB'S arisiﬁg in these pemcns, it is beneficéaé foliowing provisiens:

Paragraph-«2(Z) cf the _Ten4t'i*:r'SchedL§.iéV" o§:theA'-._ Constitution of India:

"2(2) : An electééi who has been .e.»'.e§c.ted :;>;§;S'u§::h 'czfZu=;rwisjéVV"'than as a candidaté--.. _!.;_i,(}v 1-an p§3vl'i::'r:c§éI" party shall be disq.;;ai3ifi§3'd a 'g riéember of the Hoégse :15' .TjQf}:s a§j,'$,:...poii_£*ica! party after such elect.'Qr*;. _" ' ..¥i:a'Fagrapﬁ'«'-6.V:vvof': the Tenth Scheduie caf the V':_C*0}f"§StVEtu.i;'i€;r1'«r;§f'--IndiaI 'f:i;'>«:.>':iiE=s*Aio.r2 on questions 533 ta di:;.:;;_?§§aliff<:a£ion an greuno' sf defection.' »' (2) If any qaeseffm ariseg ag ta wheifmr a T member 92' 53 Hausa Ems became sz.s$j@:'z: {*0 éésquaiificazfim anger éhés §z:f2e§a;ie, '>§£;(-.¢":.

é'3'a i2)' 78 the question shall be referred fer the decision 01' the Chairman er, as the case' may be, the Speaker of each HeuseV.'ei§«§i"-7ej"~f*-.V his decision shall be final:

PROVIDED the:{.*J»AA»V}v','ie'ife'i' m» e ii question which has eiiisierf i5»'f,3';«.3~..VU;;"

whether the Ci2ei'fi:*ii§3"e,_er i:l"ie__ S},eVeeke.if'e~f.

3 House has bece_i}fie..:_s;r£;jee't«-- seen disqualiﬁcetiei§;,'~ _ti'§e shell" be referred for H Vi'l".r_e i {if such memi3'éfj'ef the . {fie} 'House me y eiec3£'_«ii'ii:~e--'éi*is"belfielf ehcihie decision shall All _ "under sub-paregrapi2 ( ei'<tl1"--isA'pei'egreph in relation to any t;,*l,J¢EI'Sl"lC5i7iv--.....:*§."E5' to disqualiﬁcation of e _ xn'ieiint__:er of a House under this Schedule H deemed to be proceedings in V' 'ﬁeriiameni within the meaning of erﬂcie ".__A7~.Z22 or, as the case may be, proceedings in the Legislature of a State within éize meeeieg ef eriieie 212, "

E"?

if '53"

79

Paragr'aph--8 9f the Tmfgh Schedute of the C{3f'ESiiitUE§G¥'"} of India: ' "8. Rules: _ L (1) Subject ii: the; prmxi5:'o;75 __:3f.,.4_:':::;ji}--T{: ._ paragraph (2) of this Chairman or the Speaker 3'--_V_H0u$:;._% rn.a3y"

make rules for giving é}':f¢{%:f_% ta t".r'2<=.__= prj;§vfs'f:§f:*sVV of this Schedule, andV_....i%?».v__;2<3irtic'ufa;f,_ aghd without prejudice~~.._fe::_ i{{7e; gje~:2'ef'éi!ity of the foregoing, such ruIe3sV'T'maj.?_'p}f"ovfd£~:s~'.f0_f;= -»

(a) the 'g_né£r1?;_§,1ha;:.;:ié§./_«Of :,¥§gg;_%gters or other ttﬁhé ,'::,ic")'i}'£*:::"éI parties, if any, £6 members 3?" the 'i---{purse"be'ic§f:g:;%"--~..L, 4' V £3} _tné ;"'ep"c>rt ' which the ieader of a :;.r*T"\ ' Legis/afu're"V party in reiation to a of a House shall furnish with to any COI"3dOf?atfOf'I cf the nature 'r*:%:fe:rred 'to in ciauge (b) of sub» " paragraph ('1) of paragraph 2 in regpecé' 02' such member, t!'z@ time within whidz am' we autharity ta wimm sash reporf $57313 ﬁe furnfshedg N;

(C) (C?) 80 the reperts which a politieei party shall furnish with regard ta admisszen to suchf-.T peiiticef party of eey members I-{ease and the ofﬁcer of the Hozgee A whem such reperts eheii, {ﬁe zﬁfhi-5ih'_ed;V: u and the procedure for'}:{:e'a:[;:Iine"ahy referred to __in su_bh:¥;3er'egre;§f:««(22) Vfief paragraph 6 vi*it..e~.;ij}*e{:edure for any inquiry wjh_iChV for the purpoee 'ef ci:ecid/ﬁg -siitfi}-_ guéfsiion.

( 2) The ;%éh'es.'fhee'e.'e_'ee:y"the"§Chairmen or the Spﬁéktff Heuse under sub-

perag:=e_.ph'A'{ {his paragraph shall be iaaicz' _:as..S--ecA>'n as may be after they are :?3_adeA "'befere the House for e totef ef thirty days which may be «"";:v:3_n'".i'pr}'seci fr: ene session or in {we or V' 'mere successive seesions and shall take " effect ween the expiry of the said period 02' thirty days amiess they are soener eeprevee with or wiéheet meeiﬁeeéiene er eiseepreved by {he Heeee end where éeegz ere ee eeprevee; {hey she}! {eke 5-~i?

x§*« 81 effect on such approve} in the form in which they were laid or in such mod:'fiedfrx form, as the Case may be, and they are so disapproved they sf2a!£'::§eoo§'V' A no effect".

(3) The Chairman 35 House may, withbooio._prejL:r:g'ic-s3 '{so'7..ff;*ew provisions of art:'c/e___Li':0S_ 'off, 33 cose may be, art:ﬁf}'}e~2_1~§4,1;~oI:o'»..:Eo.oany other power Vwhicrh h*a'.§J}:--§;-'.i'V_';,}_;'7f-der this Congéiéotion c11'i.'r{é:cf«.VA""ffj:~5:<V:f_' my wilful cooeff;a=33}o;:'a:f!o;*2I_V~.o._by_V éénijf person of the " g "z?f:~:"s'§ paragraph may be same manner as :3 :'9ffeacf:"--of'V",:§'r'i.xf;tfe§.j/€21 of the House. ;3o'§9'ograph--8 of the Tenth Scheduie of tfie_ of India, the Karnataka Legisiativo V .AsseEobiy{'('E§isquaEif§£ation of Members on Ground of V"4'§3:e':'€::s.:§A§o§°i') Rules, 1986, are framed by the Speaker of §§5<3iAr§'tatai<a E.ogE$§ai§are Aosembiy, Roée 3 of the Ruioo ""v.wVV:9%i'a'§§*:dai:oS that too Qoooer of tho Logégiatuio ﬁarty $E1a§§, .""°"~':

. 5

1../1' s' 82 within thirty days after the first sitting ef the House, or where such Legistature Party is formed after the first sitting, within thirty eeye after its formatieh, fuVrr2e'§$h._a statement in writing containing the names of such Legisiature Party togetheryyith ether~.:§erf;;E:%:u.iAar$"

regarding euch Members. Subwrutve {4'}r::2:f ¥5~E:;_.ie.'3' e'l'é:jréfie:3_r' that whenever any change ta'E{_e'*:~_;3iar:e Era the'v:'ih§orrr7Var::§o§1 furnished by the §eader*__of a Legi'e%a_t'e..re ¥5er't5r_'uh_r§er subw ruie (1), he shah withih'thért\,r__Vﬁievy'e"'hheireafter or within such further p_er.i:ed§ for sufficient cause a7%_¥ov3:.id-".fa.:_r'his§:..rVp_"i:1.__writing informatien te the Speaker ;<evep'eVc:irfio change. Ruie 4 deais with '..V.certa,iﬁ §Vnferm3'ti-ehvte :be furnished by the members of eg.rE»VeiAs:ai:i{fe.Assembly. Sub~ruie (3) of Ruie 4 rna'*hn<:f'atee'{fhja§[:=.é'v summary of the Enformatieh furnished by the m%Te;r§:§ers under this rule shalt be published in the Buiéetih. Rute 5 of the Ruies reveais that the 'V'..._ﬂSeVeretery of the Heuse ehaii reairztairs a register eased ~ mes": the éhferrheiieh furnished" eheer Rmee 3 ehe 4 if:

1..

3/ "*7?

E' 1 83 reiatéon to the members and the information in reiatien to each member siwaii be recorded on a separate page in the Register.

Ruie 6 of the Désquaiification Rules reads--~.ft;i':uvsi'::VV: "6. Reference to be by petii'i6ne:A_ (1) No reference of any ce;:.re:$~£:ior3 to"

wheiher a membef to disqualification _ the --?7eni:i7 Schedule sf7ail.V:i"i2.,e by a petition A ._ in relafien ;éL:.<':ei':»5..' me ember made" ih;aCc:efder:c*e tivefprovisions (2) x}<'au peiitieﬁvAﬂmbeerieieitien to a member may bee'mad.eV'V~.inA~--._wrifing to the Speaker by __any etf§e*:.a7evmber.

that a petition in relation to fi':.e«;_.§£;§eaker shail be addressed to the "*--Se'L*}"e£'ary.

The Secretary shaf/,--~

(e) es seer: ae may be aféer {he receipf of a eetiiiee under five e:*ev*:';ee ée e'ee=-«refe {2} make a ifﬂiuag E '%$§§%.

84 report in respect thereof to the House; and (5) es 500;? as may be after the Hs§:}s*e_'V:-..:ﬁ here e/ecrfee' e pursuance ef tf7e» ,er§:iv:'5e._te Deragreﬂh ( 1' ) ofA:'f?§;<£5'f?':S'?%re,i5'f7}\eAA' 6 . ef" V the Tenth ".Sv{:fredufe piegee petition befere___§e.;:f;--..meh'1'bef.' E (4) Before mekirégjenye;2eeitie're;?_;';§:fe{etic3n to any rxgenjbec"fhefpeéiifiefrer satisfy _'.__i"f7.e':< _ j; reasonable .ﬁi§'e'e;'iew'ngthat a question V arvheifher such member be_tf:ﬁ:§.;r'r2e'*e:z';:£3j'eci" to disqualiﬁcation ufsder the Schedule, every petition, contain 53 cencise statement of five material facts on which the petitioner reiiesg and (Q) shelf be eecemgpeniee' by cepiee of {he decumeniery evfdenee, 5:' erzy en W'hfCf? ifhe eefftfeeer reiies eee' rut M.'-.

e\¥i§\ 85 where the petitioner relies on any 1'nfer"mati0n furnished {:3 him by any pereen, e 5fatemente"""'--.e Centaining the names and addfeee--"ej"~e.. "- ef such persons and the such mfermetien_es»__furrfz'i?s*;é'e:?i'v.b'y each such ,eers0n:;._:

(6) Every petition eigjetrfdu petitioner and ver_i_fied_ i.n__ tf§e«.:}fz:7"anf"%er laid down in C--i5Vde'.Ac§f..§3.:§A'!.Proceeere, .1908 (5 of 19(;eg 'fa? fkthe.{Aveé1z&*;5re;atron ef pieedﬁigye.

(Ff E:/eff.e«ef:eXu§§e....(e-- the petfiien shall also " be es:'gn_ecf. 'b3;/'"petitioner and verified i:i"z".h_I'e $a;me*v_r291anner as the petition. .VAV"e'Fﬁ,1iEe:'?:VA'eeaEs the procedure to be adeptee by '«S_p«ee:Vi{e.,:fV_ ea:iiV.§:v.~:r*e<::eipt ef the petition meter Ruiewﬁ in V _relatf'en t.je"cEEeeua!ificat§on. The Saree reeds thee:

V * .ee._'f7.VV'Procedure:

(",3 Ge recreipi ef 5+ peéiiiee eneer {Life 6, the Speaker sheif eeesider eseeeeer fee if-'\,>E r f 4<:':i%§% (2) (3) 86 petition complies with the requirements of that rule.

If the petitier: deee not cemefy wi{r% .§h'e.'V1-L--..iJ requirements :37' rule 6, the ._ she/I dismiss the the petiéierzer accordingfy.

If the peritien fee requirementﬁ '~~..;;f _«rL}'/e' "me S,eea'ker shall cause c:ee:'e's 'efV1"ts'7e__«pe'i*itierj and of the an;ie.xureé Vfherefo-.V:'b_e forwarded- (éé) _:-"i'c_2ﬂ"t}h3e.rrre'efrberr.iri--.,reietion to whom ~If'V_tbe:7,eerfti{fn ha.sVVVbeen made; and ;.m§r;e member belongs to V e_r2'}} regrsiature party and such A pezﬁtin has not been made by the 'reader therecaf, also to such feeder, 'rand such member or feeder snail, within seven days of the receipt of such copies, er within such further periee' as the Speaker may fer eufﬂeienr cause effew, ferwere' his ee (4) 8?

comments in writing thereen to __ the Speaker, After Censicieri.eg the comments, j" in relation to the peti.ti_en, _--'fe:e:é"_ee}ti: _ under sub--~r"u/e (3) withinfie_iper;¢ai%a iI-7 a/{owed (whether erigigéeiiy ieh '' extension under '£"~i.'3a=f eub«~.r:.riej,: 3 Speaker may 'either "'*»-preceeci. Ute determine fee"T.c,*i:es:.ti.o}'i"«Ve[v'ei%; if he is satisfied, ha g.revga.;~d"""te' nature enci;_"ci';'g;§;*msiE'enx:e§ eaee that It is ne4eeS3ai'y'~._or'---exbe_ciiei;§: so {"0 do, refer f'%"fi';-eﬂiepgfi:i'i'efi*._:'é"e z'"f'ie"'4 Committee for m'ai<iiég'fj'-»..e4a».v'Vpfefim'inary inquiry and §tf.4_J'[I'}'."}'V7!'4fVVi".""i.'?.§VA'<':7»* ifepert' to him. The :Sb'ee.i<er, shaii, as seen as may be referring a petition to the f"';::(g;25?i§;'r':*iittee under sub----ruie W), intimate "tfi4eApetitiener eceerdingiy and make an 'T__A'3~e:mneuncement with respect to each reference in the Houee or; if the House 53 mi: thee in Seeeierz, cause the iefermatiee ae: ﬁe fee reference Se ee eeeiisfieef in the ﬁeiieéfe, éee (5) 88 Where the Sbeaker makes a reference under sLib--ruie (4) to the Cbmmittee, sbeii proceed ate determine the qa1ee.z?i_£;r%]I"~;.

as seen 55 may be after receipt report frem the Cemmit!:e~e.._ :

The procedure wbicb 5:i;=eii'.Vbe fbiiewvedbi by the Speaker' fQ'r~~..edete:"mi'nieg question and 'the preeedure vi/b'iCh__Asf2fe/I be foiiowecri me ;,Cbii1inAi:frebe fer the purpose of m3;;ir;.g inquiry under'~$§;b~r£iieg (4) .. so far as rb'e%y":_b,e}* " fee esﬂfiie procedure for inqiiiry _» "an at -~:i__e rerminetion b y the Cbmmitfeeei'---e'fiy"question as to breach bf"privi/e'ge"v_of""ihe House by a member, and AAr?e.?«tb.er the Speaker nor the .,:ﬂv'«Cerr:;37ittee shelf come to any finding 1 member has become subject to 'dieqiue/iﬁcetien under the Tenth " Scbeduie without efferefing e reesbeebie eppbrturzity 30 each member to represeer bis ease end re be heard in bereee.

Ex i 89 The decisicm on désqualiﬁcation petition is taken as per Rule 8 ef the Rutes. The game reeds thus:

"8. Decisions on Petitions: (1) trgee conclusion of with respect:-i:'e"--e« p:_»f3titie?;'I.",?n"

relation to me Speaker es;":the'3_reA~epp!3/' respect re a petition in'T're{etier:-._fc; Venyﬁ eV:f'b_e_r member and for this pe?f;:§_ Ose, referesicefo the Speaker in ':1:;€z'_ese" "e:§;2Ei5.reies Sheff '" be censtrued as to the member .e!e§Cvt_ed r«r;?f:'<::_z.:.?.~:e«.:..«V":"j'}'ider the pros/isQ_ e:f"'baragreph 6 0f the 8, Der_i*sion' er? -Pet_1"t.i.z§r;s'§* At tfnéev-..ee_r2_§:{:wJsion of the consideration ef _v;"'K: :rzer.;3et:'t!on, the Speaker or, as the case T' the member elected under the V. .,erg.n}ise re sub-peregreph (1) of paragraph 6 of the Tenth Scheduie she}! " be order in writing»

(a) dismiee She ,eei"i£":'e,r;, er e<>:§&t (2) A 90

(b)dec1are that the member in relation te whom the petition hee been made has become subject to under the Tenth Schec/me, and tease copjee order to he 1§7'e!i>;{e:fec:f_[T 'Ver._':

forwarded tothe pvetitfeher,'the'». = V' K member in Viefetion '"ts:;

the petitieh, been .'r';'?x3Vc_3A'e_f?

and te«._zTthe;._ .§,evHa'de'r'A"*~r3_f the Legisiatwfe ; feny, ' - T. fl; coh}:erh*et;*, Every V'::'eaCiS;'efi'*:»t. declaring a member to _ha§xe» _t_Jetiorhe eubject to disqueiiﬁcatioh uhzjer Tenth Schedule shall be 1"-v.,_;'rep:;jrted te the House forthwith if the ' !5-¥je:j%;e is in Session, and if the House is ""V:'V.f?L'i"t" in Session immediately after the ' " House reassemblest Every C?'E?CfS§Q:"? referred te in seeetefe {1} shes? he eehiiehed if'? the Seiéetin end eetifiet? he the Qffﬁeéei Gazette eee' cfisqueiificatioh 91 copies of such <:;'e<:isien ferwerded by the Secretary to the Eiectien Commission ef{ '--.e India and the State Gevemment. "' in the ﬁght of the foregoing, we sha¥.i...'t;:ex5~:::e:§§§;ez?:"T to the points which require conséderatii-eer§L

27. pomr No.1-REGAR;:i.;mG :i¥:;z:1vzy:t',Ii$k;§e1'L'§rrY % or QJOMPLAINTS FILEBRY mrsa».sj.-

It is coeteecked Ffxe petitioners that the e._Vee.l'<.j_iﬁg;-V..d1::'q£;ivaEiVfi:ee£ien ﬂied by five voters ae'd"'i't'V§s {my the member of the LegieiativevAsV$:efni5!'y!.:A:§2vt§e can We complaint seeking disqua;V3§fi<;etE<'§"n=..:v'A 'Rielie-nee is pieced on Ruie 6(2) of the 5'i3:Ie::Iév_Li'e§ifi~,fﬁ;;:t§o::._ Ruieein support of the said contention. f§§efe%ieece:""*i.tfi_ context is made to the judgments ef V the §i'3ex..':Coe"rt in the cases of ALP PONNUSWAMY --vs- k A' ' '44"'V.£i:E'?*L£RN;If§fG OFFICER, [AIR 1952 Sr: 54], JAGAN mum ginswemfr earner: Aim erases [AIR .2954 SC 'ff2?;z*Je]; sure or" UYTAR pzmessn Ame erases --esm 92 BABURAM UPADHYA [AIR 1961 SC 751], STATE. OF TAMIL NADU -V$- I-{IND STONE ANS OTHERS [(.198f1s) '2 sec 205}, JYOTI BASH AND GTHERS .

GHOSAL [(1932) 1 sec 591], anau (1NI(}N'* 0,1:=f"fi\(:"2I;iV" *

---vs- HARJEET SINGH SANDHU [(:!{3C? I}:V5"$CC':5§3];..I"?i the said judgments, the sump saib-siga:1<:é'v.v<jf{_w%1.a*:3 is w "

heid by the Apex Co;.s,--:it_ is ri§h£;*vvt.eVA..%x0te or contest: as a candidaie a CM! right but is a creat;r.:r'éV;cnf subject to iimitatéons i:ts\§j~:...%§_ii:"i._c'?ijs.I§'.,S;3.gaking it is the sake right eﬁéhdéfne and determine an matters and if the Legislature takeé sit Gut ':>fAit'sv"m}»!n"'hands and vests in a special :'¢_Ti*ibu f1a1;'* 'w;}i;A~zjh is "" "ém entirety new and unknown 3Litisfié;:i:E"oé1*,.x'Vti:Vé't~s;:>ecia£ jurisdiction must be exercised in V .acc0F'dan--.téw'Eth iaw which creates it. The generai me is ""'V»'A44"'V.*r,r.;,%e!¥.._sett'%sci that the statutory requirements sf" the ..]'.--e1'ACe3;:'5t'iéA'r"; Eaw must be stréctiy oﬁserveﬁ and mat an "'{é§é<::EQ:*1 castes: is not ﬁfi aaiéfm at iaw at a suit En equity 'EX //-\"'§ 3'

3.x E 93 Qbut is a purely stetutery preceedmg Lmknewn tethe cemmen Eew. It is a sound préncipie of naturaE..j~e§;tit~e that the success ef e Candidate who has eiection sheutd not be Eightiy inte':'fe:*<ed petition seeking such interferencestribctfy to the requirements tn' iaw. H'oev§%'ever, it.§S'~.ai";#ve'3%e te be V borne in mind that tho~:.{g~h th_e"'eEVe~e§§e'fe..pf tEtie"'s£jt:ce5sfuI candidate is not te be (me of the essentiais of AaE33S_.<':.';tt'>:_" the purity of the eiectietw tteeetthat peopie do not get eiec1ted._e%that law or by corrupt practices.

' A "~2:'8_i.,"t~.E-iieying £j:*JhevEdered the said decisiees, we are '£:t§--e:er-ti";e:t'~..tfiVe"re'_}~cannot be any dispute that the ruies ' _ maee._unV_§jerre Statute mast be treated fer aii purpeses ef §t;nstruet--§t>n er ebiigetion exactiy es if they were in the em ere to be ef the earee effect es if eeeteéeee in T 'ttﬂtee ACE; arse ere te be jeeieieiiy eetieed fer eii pereeeee 94 of censtmcticm and obiigetion. AEE the judgments céted by the petitioners reiterate the eforementieeed.E:e§e.{ position. There cemet be any dispute in resg;'ect4A:ef7fi:%§iev~----.e.'~ said prepositien cf law. However, g"-.~e0'ne--.c3f ihe_vj:3e!'gri*ae'_eAtSe', V' cited by the petitioners support "t?}e'E--f "Co}§te hti.oe veters have no focus stands' t'e_ FE.Ee cempéeei_%:te'':eee§iing '' appiicatéons prayéng fcﬁedeisq On' A the reunds cf defection in of the Constitution relate to Represent§etE€ug.V statutes in the facts a;~;1_.»v;z;;»~;g_ ere not of assistance in this case. A is to be viewed keeping _._in the iiﬁteetiorwi with which Tenth Schedule is "~._§r.s:e'r?eL£..VA_vby»§§iri;_ue of Fiftywsecorsd Amendment to the CoTnet'éﬁzft io'%é"ej--3aed the rele of a voter in the eiectora! "7e,.,,,.. proce'='sethat context. Tenth Scheduie of the "ee«fje€E':.utien newhere restricts fiiing ef compiaint Seeking '-,., eieeea§iﬁeetéen by e eater ef' the': periéeeier :."eeneté:eeeey. Teeth ﬁehecéasée eeweere eentemeiﬁee M"-

95 that the complaint seeking disquekéfieatien shaié be moved enEy by the member of the House Assembly or the Ceuncii as the case provisions of Tenth Scheduief as t3'e'iAd"'eyA_t7Efxe V' Kihoto HoIlohon's Case (cited the freedom ef speech, freedo'i*e:ef vete* a1nej'::otV£i§§§i"eréce. They do not subvert: "den}'ee;fett'§:g!V'ﬁghte i3f"'VVv'e§ected members of i3atliementA...a§1tiVV'tee§felz:'tete'sv:»__ef the states. The previsio'n£§V«'§;;:té1V intended to democracy by curbE;jg._ politicai defections.

In order t'c:___c;u_rb" of etections at irregutar .~v..i'_:*1terv_\»,'<.:éj_ie and inV"<3V--r<jVet to pretect and sustain the purity ef V7eie§g:t0.raEv.__'pre.eess, Tenth Schedute is brought in the Ce'r:.et§'tL3tv§t5e{tj';_eeindie. With this object in mind, the "»,.,.,.«,'vnff;ette'r~.rte§ec§s to be iooked inte. In case if none ef the ef the Heese comptairas ebeut the iiiegai xxI' ._4.:4--'§vg'§g:3r:f:EOE'1S, beeeeee of membeee' eeheiy meteeé ' itezeereteedéng, there ée me reeeen ee te why' itze zzetere 2' ,1"?

E' **%e 96 whe cast: their votes with a purpose sheeid remain a mute spectator. Each of the MLA is elected particuiag" Assembéy censtitueneyt Mejerity of that constituency weuie have _r_fepe_sed_:t'eeﬁ'_d,e'neve.Vhe 2 the eiected candidate and the peiitéce:§'_'_'p~er€§r..{e beion9$, er otherwise, beft5rej"'~VeIeciﬁi'ng_, ~"§'V"WAs"A:._§¥;'v--~wE.e «vithe = L' wish and win of the ,nfaajerity.. of"'t.he vt0te.re,>§of that partécufar constEtuenCy'J.r're§evem: and parameunt co:r.zei<j_Ve;'2<ati§:A)nef_:C>: be'~v}".jb.Qr'n'e in mind. The voters of thee 'hot be pieced in a heépiess:':Ve§tuaffVi€i's':,--if nQr.~e 'e.f the members ef the House cempiains ebuoL:Vt Jdefectéon. Therefore, every .--v.,\{ete;"..e.f'vVt?2e co}istifVg;_era:«:y sheuld have an opportunity to V"-Qpg§t3'e.e ttf:eei«!eJ;e'g_a_i defection by bringing it to the notice of th.e"'Sp.ee*§%ejef.',1=véince Teeth Schedule of the Ceeetiteticm 'eee,,._V__"ci_ees bet; Vdebar fEEér":g of the cempiaint seeking 'eE_eqe'e*«{«ificatien of a defected member; every xzeter in the V."'-«--.e ;<:eg"ieereee eenetiteency has get: right te ﬁée eppiicetéee X eee£<in§ eéeeeeiéféeeééee eéece e Reie eeeeie reef: ee

- 2 £1, 9?

permétteé to bar the remedy which ie not barred by'___the Constitution. If such a Constructien ie not arrived.«a:.::'e.rT'ifv such 3 meaning is not given, then the i§'1ter2i:E.:;§:*:

object w§i:h which Tenth Schedwe"A'is:**4?:>;fce,zg§ﬁ 'VE~?ir_'i".ev4¥:i§'?Ie"-. V Cmstitution wii! be frus§:rai:e_d. 'Af?}_e»"'*.fieieeﬁfsinn.of--:\b.e"i. permitted to over me 'she conS"t4é.ijVi.Jtienat'=;1_fc:wvi:é;ioVii:;s';V Rule 6(2) of the for filing 01' a petitien in r:eieﬁ5e_n :5 be made in writing to The wards used in we be" and not "shall be". The °sa'id: ﬁat prohibit the voter of the constit}:ency"frg5m_'mai<ii1§%V the application seeking for .é§squval:ifik:eatEor3. H'cj'w'e\'/er, it merety enables; another iV":*:.<=.=:'r*..";-i§e*s'.::§)~f«_t:39iVe~ﬁouse to make such an appﬁécation. In ' _thiseQnte~xt_VLew' %eferenCe may be made to the judgment .. the '».--§me>< Court in-the case 01' DR. MAHACHANDRA e.éRA.§;%£s SINGH' wvsm THE CHAIRMAN, BI!-{AR %e'feee1sLATIve ccuncrz. AND omens, reeertee in 98 2004(8)SCC.' 747, wherein white censidering the Ruéess made under Tenth Scheduie, it is observed th€;tr'..'_f'¥§3 Ruiee being in the éemein ef the procedure are:'_:'Me'Er:§e<§'.:jr _ te faciiitete the heidihg of enquiry z_:fm.d»__not_.t£j"fri}Str'e:te_ore:i "

abstract the same by ir'r1:rodu<i'EiAo:*a'_'_'*~<3f techhécaiities, Being sub-erd?r:_e§"ie_%Eeg'i'eieE~ier1g_'trig;-..Relies = L' carmet make any provéeéeh whré-ch:.hfhéi';<e__have' theeffect of eurtaiiing the content ehd' 's<:e';§'e substantive previsioh, namfer-',3./:_Tenth heid that the ruies are difect§$'t*y"".ih--. '~»«*aiidii:y of the Ruies can be §--=.,:st:;=*.inAe'h'c3".Ve.hh,< are held tea be directory Ir':

nature as dteherwiheegéjrw interpretation, they wouicii .«v..E;>e rerieered éJV.Ii.'fF'E?v:vVV.ViIf(:53S. Whiie helciéhg so, the Apex V ' ' -C_Z<;>1V,;':*i: ,0 'e--$Ve«rvee" vth u 5 ;

"Par.agL;~éph 5 of the Scheduie does' net AA <:e"mjemp!ete moving of e forme! petition Qg v,:h'£':;"?V Dersen for assumption ef iurisdictien by »' rhe Chairman er the Seeeker ef {he Heuse. The purpese ef Ruiee 5 and ? §e erziy {hie !'??i;£{','h ﬁber Zhe rzecreesery feats er} eceeeei er 1%..

% EN 3' :

99 which member of the Hearse becomes disqualiﬁed for being 3 member of the House under Paragraph 2, may be breugbt to notice :31" the Chairman. There is between the merger: moving .the»_peti_i';'e'r2 the member ef the House véfjo have incurred e disauelifigratiekz E?" is :f2}fJ'.:".e'r';"

edverserie! kind of litigeéieee whvere'i"2ej'~,rr§av§}"

be required to lead e\_a7a*ek7_ee;--~..eA3Ever§'~vif withdraws the _ sit; ﬂmeke no efifference as a _z:'e?:yf- ic¢~;'s-:+e1;g%,:,en the Cheirmanf'eﬁeéfije. ;LSpee'i:<efr*" eat the mendefe (if Ce;-rt'et}i*'L!ff'9?éelprovision i. e. merengrgs;c;¢;;;;u;e;éee %

- VV(t"1~'_;"24V'ig;7f§a;§?~}'s suppiied) eAQ.=.;e'mVentEeeed, if the members of the house C155Egéée«TAw'é€¥1~v_,.eeVE;%:'"other by not ﬁtﬁng a eempieént seeking v--dEsqu'é'iifE<:e ti'e'}z ef defected member, the defeating V' "£e.gis'te.fg0rVg" who has etherwise incurred the '=.___"««t§ieqL;:'eAiAEf§<:atEe:*: Leader gaeregreehﬁ ef Tenth Schedeie be ebie ﬁe gee ewe}: by taking eeventege of giéence :3? the membarae G1' the House, which could aver:

be inmntianai as a bargain or barter far mutual benefit at thé :05: of mimic interegt' Consequently; the abject of the Congtétutiam (Féfty~Sec:ar;§ Amendment) whim {he Tenth Schectiuia was aﬁded wautd méj7eféés:é_é Qnh; because the birdg of the [email protected]:§'1er_--'E*§é§%z§§'_'§".?i{:~9;e.:j: '4 to ﬂeck together.

Paragraphwé of the Tenth'S-::ifjedLii.5:'i,'ests '{fi%.§t pV§3wi%:-E.V in the speaker to disquaiify the f;E.'it?A¥1:f'}v1E)Eff'VVfiC}{: the house. it is ihe SubstantiwéTgziztgv§§s,ié:?:;§'%'--.. *§"i§*1'é.>.,, pawer under paragrapﬁzfé ._%.<3 without any riéerx in that view, ever": éif~-%:j_%1eVvvs}s:%;'7df5 be" found in Rafe 6(2) sf fgéfxe Ru.!é:j;sua'r§ r@:adv--..a §____ffshaii be" SC: as to clothe it with £*r2_as";:A;¥'&i'*:Qr'=g_vchéfacter, it shauéd be read dawn. to achieve <.___the '0.bjt:3%::t Of7j~:SV;'§=bstantEve pE"3\iES§C)FE masmugh a$ saiah ~.__4;}':Va»ndat®:yLg_c§9:ara<:ter wouéd not ﬁave the Sweep ta .Are'§:é::"iVcji""':.he Scam aria: ambit a? th@ mwer vested in the . 7---.§§}§e$%<er under pa:'agra;9%*:-§{1} af 3% E"e:'2th Sdzeéuée __18.) 101 eénce the substantive provisien ef iaw wouid not be stified by the procedure? ruie. The exercise of p:;.:%vVe.f %>._y the Speaker uneer earegreph--6{2) ef Schedule is net: dependent upon_the_fraréiéﬁ§:V'.';e§""R§:.IeevjV under paragrephﬂ. Even in theebe'_eﬁE:e'T?'ef"

framed for the purpese, the %i;a:::.ih:e"':eVLs"§:he:rEty " L' to resoive the dispute if rjeEsed"'bef:e%e-him'.ﬁ'F'§i--e eﬁetheréty of the Speaker opera*se4ee..';;9}9c:;:;e;O without any fetter being cEa'n";'e«Ae:t§ gfoméee'_§;.y1?;_§f§jevV'vReies. (see the Judgment of EH.e"'{:ase ef BHAJAMAN 30351:;-geA:' MMMM %4%;mssA LEGISLATIVE AS$EMBL'Y~V._A ND'G.i"PfE:iS;._':fe';§orted in AIR 1990 012155;:

::::§ea=e'e:::e_:3tioned, a bar cannot: be read into Ruie 6(2')-.f§)r e.:w _Ee.i.erested voter to approach the Speaker by "".--7i.",'f«._fi"§%sj"zg ccirneieirzt Seekieg disquaiificetien. Ever; Qt§"3€§'W§S€, e."j§"e§€i»h...éA"ScheduEe eeee eat permit any Eémétetien %e the VT ':'_4"':eefeeer as eeggeeted by §ré eﬁﬁee, What Peregreeh» 1G2 2 cf Tenth Scheduia requireg is that the question sheuid arise as ten whether a member is disqualified be:4a.§is§i.Qf the ﬁefection ar mt. Haw the quesizim é3¥'iS@$--,;:.:'E.i.Ii'i,\?:i*{{'ifi*i',§.i*¥3__._:.'.

it is raised and under what circu_mstancgé'"'i't*ﬁg ¢raiv$€:§d~,_ are not reiavant for the purpose of-thé{_A:3'g5pi§Cav'ti§ﬁ{r:

paragraph. Aii that is reievar2i::vL:"'i'::, that 3; xggé-sti§;§ri""e{":the " L' type mantioned in pa.ragra.;3'i*i»~.i?i'~'i3f_ Teiitii. .~.*'~'3'i<:i1ed:.iie should arise and $0 théwi .iE'i'r:1"iii':::'fici"<:iri.A:iii€:fi:.i.(ft7V__ Sri P.P.Rao, seeks to intr0d;acr2j.VL§1'n We §:c1:i7istr.i;i'€ii:i~0..r1'___§;j'f'pai"agra;:>h=~2 of Tenth SChe§3iJ5€:4""_Fﬁfifii";*-- the Rules is piairziy inconsisient jused and the intention behind pa'rag:rapri;.2; Tie"'r--i:fhV.'.Scheduie. It is conceivable _._t:hat ,,i.rf%rS@me cfasés crfimpiaints made to the Speaker, A":§T:a:y»f_3_e ,fVAri1.:C.l.§'z;:s{ or fantastic; but if they are of such a ciiaréciievri,'%."_ii:.;q¢=."£Speai<er wiii find rim difficuity in 'e.><pre§::.ir"ig.. opinion that they shouid ba rejected in '£Emii;éé'*.~«_. The abject of Tenth Scheduie is plain. No "'~'i,.__"V"%i'iéTi:'*:*:ber who has incurred airy Gf the disquaiificatierm _4 .'isQeC:?%'ied by Twit: Séiieéziie ig arititieé ta iiﬁiiiiiiiié its be 51111} ii':

103

the member of the Legistative Assembiy/Ceuncii of the State. Since the obiigaition ta vacate his seat as of his subsequent disqualification hag been the Constitutien itseif by Tenth Stjiiediiieé be no asmcuity in hr::iEd%ng_ they \ke_t_er~i.. Constituency is entitied to ii*zejke ax :':r3.:*3"i~p{'a3ii9é'tf'{:tf3sthe 'V Speaker alleging that "tire said constituency hasAVir1c:z,:rreeiv:'§eiV§$3i?,:{_i;ié3iEif--ieei;;i§;»:i§f..merst:i0ned in paragraph~2 and shoutcig thereforefw whote object ef democréitéc._eEeeté:fm_9s«§s't;5"'c.Qns1itute Eegisiatéve chambers composed iime'mVb"ers. are entitied to that status _._and ,ifi{ aun"~,: rneimbevr foffeits that status by reason cf' 3 A"._s:.:if_)'s'eVqu.erit»i.ii"i--squaiificetEon, it is in the interest ef c:0i1Si'ituemf:§2j--.iii::E§ich such member represents that the 'Vr}"tatte'r..s§"i:§3§ii"d be brought t0 the notice of the Speaker" '~e7'ne'i:§'*ecided by him in eceerdance with the provieiane of V k'ji"em Seheduée. Therefere, we are ueebée to aeceei the 4:."Cente:e:iee euggeeiéng Eémitetéee as to the exercise ef in':

E5"?

104 jurisdiction by the Speaker an an appticaticn fEE@d by the voter. (See the judgments in the cage of BRUNDABAN NAYAK -=-VS--- ELECTION COMMISSION OF ANOTHER, re.-parted in Am 1955 sc 1892 '_af:i'd' _ case sf' STATE OF PUNJAB '= BRASS worexs LIMITED, repoftea'j_"ir§ 22,191?» 9';?;§%.%,.Asz:;« 1608, which fortify our It is further retvevnant ta :..ij:'0€i'e__ the" czvbsehzations made by the Apex Cc)aé;Vft' i'r1-..i'tr£e--:_.>f RAJENDRA SINGH RAN,q:.";&'.b;ﬁ;:£R$» '---3:5-' "swim: PRASAD MOUR YA

3. o-mas; %%rep¢}?te§d}-;%n%%$j;:;_:i2 2007 5:: 1305, whiie referring t<$ '*.:.E'§e judgments; of Punjab and 'V V' Ha ry'v-§"éz§é;i'a C0{jrt';'**which read thus : -

h ' decision of 5 F511} Bench of the v--?'L::2j3:b and Haryana High Caurt in " vv§4}*akash Singh Badaf vs. Urzicjn of India 8: mfhers (AIR 198? Punjab & Mary/aria

263) wag reiied upm E0 csrzterza' that zhé Sﬁéﬂkﬁf" geig jurfgdsttéory is fenﬂer 105 a decision in terms ef' the Tenth Schedeie to the Ceeetftutien of Indie eeiy when in terms ef paragraph_:~:;"3«--.'_e"V»':'._'__e' '.e' zfhereef e qeestien er' eiequeiifieeffeievjj-L erase eefere him. The if'e??'Beee§§:

mejerity f7eId:~ 'Under; pere~6, theV:"'Speekere 'wfr§;.:le'. " ' have the jurisvd.f:;tion«.m i.9fj:e 'rs7_ettef 'enigf if any questieré"*erises fest 4fee[v':w'f:ether a member. of ifhea ffiez;sAe__ 3ia_S;"'~.%;'eCeme subjecft e .::fi3:q:.;'e'i?fi<f'eif§'o'.?;~~ mder the safe' Sefzeeﬁie Same has been ' erefexsfed mm. fa?"-~vdécisien, The '~pu'rpese*é3f':feee'ue{fe«meet of a reference o£:w4i0eusl'y ie"._e§}en when a question as :5 Vi4:f1Ve"€:!ieé;:ueIif:'cetien of a member ieriseeqs, the"""E§;3eaker is deberred from "vtei<.?(':?§"~suo mote cognizance arm' he seized ef the matter eely ~£ef:'e'}§ the queetien is referred ﬁe him by teehy interested pereen, The Speaker has net been ciethed with e see mete eeezer fer tee eevieee reeeee me: be $5 sepeeeee ﬁe be e mere-eerie mee eee 106 has been entrusted with the jurisdicticm ta act judicfaify and decide the digpute H betweer; the canfffmng groiupg, othar prerequisite far fnvakslng jurisdiction of the S,,eeak@r~w .::4r:de'r ' 6 is the exisfence of qgusﬁtiad disquaifficatian of s<':£'r:z§ !?'?é'£?'? :f§'.E%:'". "

a auesticn gen arise:'V"}£:.V§2'f»:r in i3nVe"A:%§;3s»V§_ H viz. , that any . ;jnem'bf*e r f ' :5' ' a_1iec:féG" ta ha ve :'ncurre§ ' I * tf?<~;f~. V :ivdi'$'€év¥1S:;{g1m:'ication enumerafrgd in" "a8'zfa,;;2§.£i "Same interei§te;3_.i- " pgrsézri j_§£ag.;2i§'r?§a~r-mes the Spé;:§keff'..V_ f'c5}'& »<fé'&ii$'f;'.w:q Mai" the said N from being "me'mber: the _"f/ojuse and the claim is refuted by._tf;e"n'§:}£%mber cancerned. "

"'('Ef§':phasis suppiied) .'.i't;'4;'j%;€:'e§v of the above we are 9f the considered T"'-..«.4 £::.g3Er2iar2'~tfiat since there is rm bar under the substantiaf ";'§?é_f¢x#'§;é§:iAs:sr§ at' Tenth Scheduéez 61" the Constituticrzf the R;;_§5és framed tfiereasnéar aarzmt create a bar far a vater ~ %:{3 fiéa mmﬁiaéat befare S§@a%<@r,%'C§1a§m*:a§°*: ea? 132% Ragga 'I'--«;'.

1% S E

- .2' 5"

§.f"'\.;

ii' 107 seeking disqeetificetieh. Hence, the Qiequaliﬁcatioe Compiaint 5395.3/2010 to 772010 filed by the five._§{e"_t::'e.rs ef five censtiteeeeies from which :"espect%ve_---eet'i't'i.e:eek*e.T. herein were elected, are mainteEne_,b.iVe.._'

30. Having heid as ahme, w'eA_Tdeem VE,'i:--"..;;$:rfo;}e;*j 'V consider the submissions mad'e.. e'n_ behefef tzhe three voters i,e., resp0nden'ts_."3, S as:-:d.1' 3?..__w_f1"e% have retracted the compéaints. 'v RespoeeIVe'e't»e."'V'":34 in Writ Petitien Nos.33::§9€3~'3A4'Cs.Q2/1:5ifﬁfexle_fiViVee affidavits before this Court meeﬁoenihg'Vth'efe'ie 't'hat they were frauduientiy taker;'i:'oe..theV of" the Speaker and were made to eEg~n,vL';cer_i5te.§:1@iieVcumeats, which they came to know iater papers were misused for preparing ' t§'tE eippE€c';a{i"ens seeking disqeeiificatioh of the Mme ef "..jejthAVe'[L"4..;'eS;;3ectEve constituencies. In ether werde, eeeeédieg {Q ﬁche eferemeetieeed reeeeedente, they have met eehseéeeeéyf veéeeteriiy eee knewiegéy eéghecé EM':

'2 er" "

'e E08 and ﬂied the complaints steeking c£isquaEifi<:at£or1.____ On the ba$i$ of such avermerzts, it was argued S.S.?\§aganand that the pracaeéings arising {§:LE'*c "

applications vitiate, inasmuch as;

acted fairiy, but has acted with m$.fa f:'§§'@ E:"i§:V¢:§A§ftt%0;*a.'V The aferementéoned "(Z'(;}:.r.1":@F1'¥i"|.€)Vi'%.§5V_ S be accepted. The respon;:¢dents_A"3;_ do ﬁC~t'VVdispute that they have signed ant} }€he'~.VTa7;§b§:{i._<i4.:3tEons before the Spea}<¢F_} ;1;« _ H_c:iwé~y"ér,.:_" ..ja éc:c:"--ﬁ:ing to these respcnder1't3,.V ':'%;'heéV':*{:<3nté;frté 'r'n'ac3'~é§ in such appfécatéons are not 'c:o"r'reCt.éé::%};i4.%Vr1'x:>f:_M§E.:.1ﬁtariiy made. As hefcf by the Apex C:ou 'r"'c._i',n A3:):?;i9Liahachandra Prasad Singh's

-'W,.,6'3s€: fc1ff@d"%fi.;Ipré)}"§3'a'%agraph-'6 of the Tenth Scheduie 'dde«su'ra::2:i:»--..§§o4%ii:.éf)1piate moving of a fcrmal petition by any'*-«.._pe:fsc§§.i'.V*fer agsumptéon sf' jurisdiction of the " '*-. S§3eakér~«-5f the House. Tha purpose of Ru§@--6 Es oniy _' .'_£:'r€§si'* -ghuah {ﬁat {ha §"¥@C8SS§E"'f fact§ an accmmt sf VT 'wf:§CE*: & membér C3? the Henge hecames CiE$§ij£:':EEf§Ed far 109 being a member 91' the Hausa under ?ar'agraph-2, may be brought tea the notéce of the Chairman, Tkiegéiis m {is between the QE¥"SOﬁ moving the ;3ei:it:iQ_:ji'"a4'ité.;i«.'..§ii*3.:4_ mémber Of the Hcuse Whit} is affegeci to _!"a'a*¢éjj~ir§"c:L}r«r*ec:i_:u 2 disquaiificatitm. It: is not anV'-,ad:§x'e:.Ese£H53-.' Eitigation where he may "i."V) e"--... 1t*"eﬁ"1}I»Er*'"V:e!i';'.iihé evidence. Even if the com,ri.:.1VVi:Ae"::Li.:f1a.r.1LA'c the petition; it wiii make is cast upon the Spe§;vawi<;éVrf._to;:"V<§érrf§";:é 'igﬁiéindate of the constituticmaii Sciieduie.

Evvén mt satisfied with the exptanautiorfeffereti Vmfspondents 3, S and 7 in their Ehgi: i;iié'y""iévere taken to the office cf the mEs--representati<3n and were made to sig£2---..__VCerfi:ai'_rf%i'.i'ﬁapers. Tmugh they stated that certain u"""~.. '<;f:hVer wigsans have taken them, the said statements i._"m:ie--A"Anat men sugparteci. E~":.:r'zi"ze:', there is inherent ii '*<.*::::;{nt:"aciEctic;:'2 iii S38 statements, wheiein at we breath, /"23 ii 110 it is stated that they were taken to the House of Law Minister and the papers were prepared and ether, they state that it wee Che-ngee on » of the Speaker which eeeede h,igAh!.y4énj§§Ee'i§:évE:ie',.'_'_;_Ife-._V there wee such intention, they cd:;id:.A_Ah'e%;eT"get.'pereLee:evT--:. who are Eeyei to the party eiiA £he.t--w>esV":~:fee'u:'%ee was :0 secere e The respondents 3, 5 and carefui and cautious? attegetiene against the tike the Speaker.

Such respondents 3, S arse 7 earféere fiied an affidavit eenying the a§§eVgetiene'mVeee egeinst him, Even et:herw§se, the cc.}fr:ter1t.,e_:o:'..:*:E*:e_ affidavits of Respendents 3, S and ? ere§"xV<:tvv.e'e%;;j;::eEEed by any ether independent meteriei, '.V_exce;5%:.. Eheeeif serving statements. In View of the ' ..fjge;"ee:,, the contentiene made an beheif ef resemdeets V' 3955 am ? ere rejectee :5";

P , 111

31. POINT ('(0.2 -=- REGAR£)1'NG RULEFS OF NATURAL JUSTICE:

As afarementioned; Ruies are framén Speaker in exercise ef jurisééctiejnméregteﬁié in. i'1'i"'n_'a :L,mk;ie"r~; paragraph~8 of Tenth Schednuie C<§.§fs_§titvLr?:izjs:"jf"-nf'~, India. Paragr*aphw6(Z) of th'é2}f'entn Sr:Vh@:;ﬁ;aiﬁniéfifies V that all proceedings n'ﬁi.i_;:}jvLu.aEEficéavfiA0n on the ground of defegiion uV:1VgjéVri v§§é§fagj'r<$;*;»%j5V:6'{1) of Tenth Scheduée shall?._':vt§é;i;{i§ee§ned;_in i:§'e. tné---pVs;0ceecféngs 01' the Legisiature'Vr3'f*%:'f§é:'1§E.Vtai:%§>,'--.:§}'vittE':i-vii... tjhe meaning cf Articie 212 of tfhe "Coné1EV:9éL1't§¢n.'V_L'c;f::':Egidia. Articie 212 mandates that the_ vaV'EEi.°£~.§i:y o:f'v--a:i~;{s pfbceedings in the Legisiature of Stésfé g-nanznotx"be"*caiIed in question on the ground of ~; iv.rreguiarity of the procedure. As afoEe{nent§nn'.e'$, the Apex Court in Kihota Hollohorfs ""'--._ Ca{se {ﬁitﬁéd supra), has mied that {ha Greer reiating to .ﬂf'JiSfq':,--,:.--;=§;;"'§Ef¥CatE{"}E'i can be qnegtéoned nndar Articées 226 am J 9f the Qangiimtisn anner {bur circumstances we 112 among them being nen--CempHanCe with Rules of Ne__tural jiestice.

Rule "2 ef the Ruies deeie with the feiiewed by the speakea Sub meg;oregeeéemerge x that the Speaker she}! ceuseje r:ep{5ee 'thebeetétieri./:§.;n.e'~.. the annexures thereto, to be"'$:§V'r*.%varc§ed._Vtei?.he":.;Me'rrtber V in relatieh to whom 'eempVi'eE_hic-':;;f '»d.efectie'h has been maee and such VMembAerv'J'sVhe1E_'EVf:wi*t~hi'r:'.i'V_~igeven days en receipt of cop%_ee';:jeerV vfxéi-.thi'{1""ASe'Ch:V 'ﬁ'1'rt.h~er period as the Speaker mag/._fer'_se'fficieéi'te.'t'a'useeiiow, ferward his cemmehte fr': to the Speaker. Sub ruie(3)_ further' that after considering the '"'eom;v=iiien§;--s, if am'/,'Vi*~e«««reIetEon to the compiaint received e.;'3i;';.eeE<er may either proceed to determine ':£r;eA£§eestic>'r:*:':*..«:3J;V;" refer the petition to the Committee for a°"".__reenkTing"vgjreiiménary enquiry if he £8 Satisfied that it is A }eeeg§;esry te ee 50; Er: the matter er: heed, the Seeaker deeieee the eetétéen héreeeéfr \\ 3;

113

32. During the course of arguments, the ieameci advocates appearing en behalf' of the pe¥;vii:iV_}er:f§'_e~:"»s strcmgty expressed that the cepies of the the documents annexed thereto weAre.4:zet'_'ser"vev:i {5r§_'_;t;he._V petitieners and consequently, unabie to fiée their detaiiee'~v..§i:a»teni'ent' --¢:):f'j'v_:r;'>u'i;:*=j4ek:'t:::er':s. "

While so submitting, they seeﬁ'ree*eing the records from the Office After ij:e'a':"E.__r1€j;...et"!er}_gt.h,--..é:ijer:;*.e'r to ward off any"

doubt, tr:'iS"eCeAe;r£ .[:3'e3see tr:e' me: directing the Speaker to furnish "the reeer(:i'es.V_:V'rr%eiVnteineci by him reieting E0 DisqualifEca;ti'€.m_"CQrnetasirifN032/2010 to 7/2010. While 1,/j"V'caE'!in'g<'fe'r the reedrtisv, we were conscious of the tegai }e--o£éi.fg:ier:_fE:~1i1%aé'V*'%:r}_ie Speaker in such matters exercises jurisd.§ctie~1-'1'.e'eATe Tribune! am 'the functions assigned ':0 VeLSp.ee$:er in such matters are juééciai functieres.

" e.S£'r:ee--we ere exercésieg certiereri juréedicttiee, eee ea we T eweetee te seeésfy eureeivee ae te whether the Reéee ef M":

£2 i J.-.

E14 raaterai jee-tﬁce is feiiewed er net, particuleriy havirz-gi regard te the rive! centerztéeras or: the said §ssee,_f..._frs_e have aeeured tine reeerda as it is epen ta d_jC2:..se 'Erijtihje-.._:"_ facts and Cércumsterzcea of each cage...' e:{:'erer§'.r:»g'§3;,'_'_tr2-e._V ' recerds maintained by the Speaker the Advecate appearing ferrrre~~..Seeaiz.er--.§ef_:t§§--e""'Eseaied " V covers on 1.2.2011. mugrraemug dated 5.2.2011 was fiied on behatf the production of the review being iimiteéﬁg e'.:r;ir<'ru:Tistaraces the record can be that appropriate conciusiee 'ran be"~a-rrix»ea-erfty on perusai of the records. ___We ,,§_i;a%.ze. therefere perused the original retards "._rnafé'e.taEr1ed.%eﬁﬂzhe Speaker. ﬁefpalrate files are maintained by the Seeaker AArTeia*ii¥ve.:Ai ta each of the Sieeuaiificatiers Cerepiaini .&rraMa;r2}r2e1e ie ?[;E.Uj.m:

~x$}§k:» 115

34. Disquaiiﬁcatéon Cempiaént No.2./2619 is ﬂied by two members of Eherathiye Janata Party v§:...,.VV_:'£:_:h~%.ef Whip arse Generei Secretary of the said dated 6.10.2010. The regardst..ttma:nzasr¢e'¢ate;Atti:'y't%.:mw Speaker reveai that the said <:i%s3;'::1.1;c":'s'iA_A§tfi{:iatti'<3'rjé"

was presented in the Qt" the, S:pe.e'i<'e'r": en " V 31.10.2010. The Sgaeaiéeg hae.t'e'e"eVe:teqee._to iesue wrevetice on 8.10.2010, fixing the ue'ate 10.102010. However, Sr} appeared veiuntarilv herein befcsre the 3p@akeE:.»_1/etgwttjt on their behalf on 9.10.201(§'w.a:ed The Speaker granted time',»§{'EtheA.a direﬂttietn ca?! the matter at 3.30 pm. on the very day, i.e., on 9.10.2010, the ﬁiextntiened in the preceedings sheet that ' Iraetéce be¥é;eeL".aed to the complainants and the cepy of the »=j'»i.<=;q't:J"etiiﬁcetéen compiainte be served er: the Qetitioners V"'V'-..._"V"t"heV:Téeie (respendents befere the Seeeker); as aise the lveeey ef the regs? fees by the reeeeedeete therein; wee §*><i 116 erciered to be served on the cerripiainante, Ofi 10.10.2010 a vekeiaifnama was fiieczi en behaif...;i§f.4:'_:th_e compiairrerits and by eerzsent ef the petitEon_e:r§"e';§':.i'L:*§=~ii{'e-i.i..J". as responderrtsf Complaint Nos.2/_.?r01_Q ciubbed together with a View toieeriieirieri'tii'e.:";Qrii'rneir:. cerrtentiene and to ease *e""~~.c:em.frien The " ' proceedings sheet dQ€:"$_ noi:i"":}--er_p~E§ft-»r._fthaiA'the-iiearned advocate for the petétieri-eireii'V--vEi'i'e're§.f'iii"A-i$:§t'h'er sought fer"

further time a.rr3§'.j_'~«gvr_Eefvence regarding insufficient with the matter. On that day, ighei"ie'irVg;iA3ir:e'nfs-edvariced on behalf ei' rival parties were~heerd"..:'a.ri:&3----._R'tiie matter was posted for __.V.0rders%f:"V r-can r'iireLrV[vergé day, i,e., on 10.10.2010 the came to be passed disquaiifying the petit'i'eriere '.b;erei'zi, n Ui;1'r----'%D€ii'§JSai of the records, we fine that the 4'_ ._§§'§€1}'i3£"':iA§§fiCaiiiQE"i Cerrrpiaini: E'xEe,2/2010 is armexee with 'T :r "?.:'E':e5 eepiee ef ereeeeeérige ef E3? Legieietere eerty

3. E °\§&.

117 meetings; dated 23.6.2508, 27.77.2008,. 16.10.2008, 25.11.2008, 15.1.2009, 25.2.2009, 25.3...k 2eQ% e.9. 21.5.2009, 4.1.2019, 155.2019, 4.72.2010.__7?iie§?'~V.'$:%ii_ei«.%.._"'_ that the petitioners have af:tende.d.__4Leg'i'él'aiii.é'g'eV'""~?e:rt3!:

meetings of B}? and have affixed *«;i'%*;ei}5_A or the other day. The ?hoto§t*e.f"£QpieVs .Qf"t§{e.:rie$*;'$ip.af:per " L' reports dated 15.8.2019' andi""iiiie: 'ée.;3.ie<.;ﬁ'oa"--Ame whips issued by the Chief on the petitieners §'3@!."~t'I:"i'IA"i.ﬂi'~3S xivthe iist of the seating V':t:§)'v":3'" ASSEFTWY 35 alietteci arexevise annexed. The seats assigned tfie indicating their names are __.V.inter$.§ie'rsed withiiviseets aseigned to the ether 8333 A"~._n'»iefieber.e.~i«.MTfje. fite maintained by the Speaker contains tiie.V".:Iakefe--feeii*ie signed by each of the petitioners '.er1truus.*§ti.nV'§...tfi.e brief to Sré K.3.3agadish. Advecate, for "~'."9}_";."'.'*Ai2va:€iE;i'§§"§i'1§ befere the Speaker. "ihe ﬁie aiso contains the V"'V"-..__"V".wr9iTi;te:'i repfy fiied eri beiieiif of the eetitierzere by Sri . ufi<..§.3e§e§iei'i. Aevecaie. detee e.:e.2ei.e. Er": size we 118 repiy, it is mentioned that none er' the requirements as ceetemptated under Ruie 7 of the Rates is compliee»-erith and that the copy ef the disqualification Ceme§5e.E'rri5e;i:e"r:¢g._" _ with amexures be served on him__.ee_d' th_"e"1:"'s'ei§ee"'d'_a.ye-5_V"

tEme may be given to him for' fi'f_AiTn'§ Objections.

35. The files Cempiaint N053 to 7/201Q.s.a:re arse. proceedings sheet COWWBMES reveal v'.Cefh'--e'le'ihm'-vxirere presented by the voters e"fAf'i\}_e' hon 9.10.2010 in person. The Speaker» has}. ersd'e«red to issue notice to the I-'rsV'rvespe.r§}:ieAnts'vr--forth9w':'i:'i"r"and the matter was ordered to be epcs:s:gd~ In the preceedings sheet thereafter-,~ noted that notice came to be served on Vreseeridents therein Les, the petitioners herein, on $19 It is also evident that Sri l<.3.3agadieh,. learned advocate appearing on behalf of the resporadente. the Speaker {petitierzere herein) has receive_clfi:'h'e~V'.'5-hoow._". cause notices dated 9.16.2010, coJp.ée$4of_--th'e"*e::;vn9i;3£g;'%.ht:s: "' arid documents by making the foliowi:ri_Agi~endofSe'io:ehi,--~:.T'i.1 "Without prejudice Show cause notiCeli"§§.n'suo}eet to (3bjE5*Cf!'Ol?'.' j ' hi hi hi .' 9334' pm. i K': "E-: * K ; J, 'J.ag3o'i3:7"

"a,{la:{i/';~..f_C:.?' Respondents. "

Fron"*zVw..%4'é:hie"al5g§e;~..'__.§:fﬁ"'Es clear that the learned advoegijteeAappeari.'_ITi§ oh behalf of the petitioners herein A'~l__wAajs«.sier\;iAeV::i% ~m§i:th_' all the applications and the documehte a'h'nAe.x.edV"thereA€o'Vioh 9"' October 2010: Hence, it Cannot {be said.' tvhoelifneither the notices nor" the Disqualification "l.§:»oAh*:p«.l.l;aihl:s eéohg with the docerheete were not eerveo ..__""."oré;i:he petitioners as contended by them, '*2 's, .' 'i'"' $5§Q:é» 120 The said ieemed eevecate appearing on be%ie"i§.ef the respendente therein, (E..e., the petitioners'«'.f3_e':fe1':::f{)'~.% has ﬂied deteifed statement ef ebjectiorze..'.fe.{1'r%:i:ngA about 12 pages. Five seearate eepéee;..ef"'cﬁ'eA.'e:eteej'e:e§:AA ef objections are found in trse "Ewe eeperater'f§A3e§v«-rieVie3tin%g to Disquaiéficatien Corr:pieirrt..4.L:VVE$€e_s';V3/ZC316$.ivlteti?/2010. The i3r'0ceedir¥9s sheef"eﬁete&d__V§:}e§:'.'42§,iG_mainteined in Complaint Ne.f;:/2:§;.1_Q; that an the appiicat§'e'rr$~..y§r*e:*e heard tegether and e Hence, it is deer that the stafe.m:e_nt hand the arguments were commer} to e§IV_V'thVe,*--CC:Tip'EeEnts. Therefore, it cannot be said"ifriai:'rV.tr:~eA peifEtVi't)'r'1ers herein were not afforded an their detaiieci statement of objections merely' §'e:e.7:'Jee the endorsement was made by the ' " "--«ViVL ea;r;'re£i.. ezjvecete en 9.13.2010 as noticed above, eéeweverg it Ee rrseetienee at the erze ef the VT .::" V'3"x..;x;»'.:'§V:t'~..:_3fE"§%I€§"§: ef ebgeezéerze Se reee ihei the eeme is ee sis 121 interim reeiy and is submitted without prejudice am by way of abundant caution, it is argued on behaif.o§:""».i;.tie petitioners that the Speaker ought to opportunity to fife detailed objectEoos,__inashioeitiiv Vtheyi "

were entitled to minimum of seve'if't~'ida1y~s_"' contest the matter: Such at-_s"oi3imis's§ori~ iVsV>'-oo:t§'o*sVed: by * it teamed advocates B'i3.De6="Iiii1'€a':A.nt.:'*o'r:vt._ be"hai--f die? the respondents herein byato'rit'en§}i:tag:'A:iiiﬁteiﬁa/ia that the statement of §.oo3':ef_ctioi§;s €>fi.:E.ed-«.VAo»t§j_~~.'V_9';':i.i).2O10 by the petitioners is a _;d"et"a"iied tijeiisame answers each and evien/._--eiieg--at'i'orf:"thsiade.' in the Disquaiificetion Compiairitsw.-__' The""re'i"evatit.t.'etovisions of the Constitution _._as weii' es~the i5<o.i.es are adverted to in the statement of "'._oi:ijVe<:tion_s;.i '«'fhti_s, according to the respondents herein; the.As'tatetiieei*§tVA't1oVf objections are, in fact, comprehensive Weed tiietetfehte, there was no justification on the part of tespondents therein to ask for further time, <% 122

36. The documents produced by the compiainents aioeg with the Disqoaiificetion Compiaim: No.2/2016, as aforementioned, are cooies of the iegieietore..VV_;e4er§y meetings of BSP, copies of the whips, copy of_.t%§e _ arrangement made for the Assem.bi.y{ m_e§1*ib'eF_e'V"ofv'_'i33?_V and the news paper reports. Ve:;'ec§iﬁ/"of documents nor the Sigmaterej?s"~.o_%app'ea_riogV~-::h'efe'iVn'ere " V denied by the petitioner; he«rie"i'a"i.."jeri'fie..speeific airerment to that effect an reaiiy the petitioners had 'a§3Vythir§i__g in reiation to the doc{avvmeni.e'i'i;;:*;o.c§:'uCed b.y_ the Complainants aiong with the Disqeiei'ificet'i--ori'i'Cionooiaints, they would have ._oV.defin,iteiyiistatewoi-..V$o' before the Speaker at the time of "'v._hee'ring _or«.a~tVA:Vie.a;st in the memorandum of writ petitions, Ti1e.V"c:orrueciti?iLjeSi'5§Vofthe facts found ie the said documents 'ere a5if.o"'A.o.n.o't disputed in the writ petitions except '~.efe€Ae%ﬁ'oting to expiein the circumstances under which the oocomeote have come into being. if it is so; no uuﬂieefaii ooreose woeio have been eeseeee iri greeting 'E 3/] is *2 123 further time for féimg the statement ef objections by the Speaker. Even assuming that the Speaker hee granted edditieeei time for fiiéng the statement of ebjeet§ee:er._te the shew cause notices, nothing more cczulcf.§§e"\;'e.'jbee-r1_"'. said by the petitioners and as s__Ls.r:h.;_ ¥WQ--"pr'ef::t;vd'i'CeV'_'bee:

been eetabiished.

The petitioners have a"Es'C>~....not A'::wferreL§.V Srﬂtvhe Vwrét = L' petitions that they wanted ;£:eu:'pro'<:i.t:ce.'any perticuiar recerd ¥n their dispefied the inferer1ee""Ci'1*aV.*g5z;rr They have merely stated that sufficient opportunity was nQt:_gra§i"te§j1 tQ'vthe_n'é"~a"unci therefore, there is vioietion "of pr%r{{:i;;9'1es"t~g)f nat(j"r'a'IVjustéce. However, it was argued petitioners that, had the Speaker affotdedv__euftiVCiVent epperturaity, the respondents befere ' '"--.tEr;€,3Dee.--irEer wouid have preduced certain newspaper whereie the Chief Minister and eee ether T --:'.4:"E¥i§eEetet are eiieged te heve made etetemeete at at; §:?* 124 earlier point acknowledging that the respondents are lhciependente. We are unable to accept the said contention. Firstly, since the said press reports Ve3re_of_V a period much eartier to the date of the t)rocee_c:lii:rl"g'ew.'_:;fs~oti _ the petitioners really desired, theypgotlld _?'l'a'v'ei:_i?eenvpartté '* 'V of the objecztiorze before petitioners were in :3 positi'orj'to sobrhit_eu_eh..;"dVetaileo * ' objections with the help o-r*--lithe'*-,learh'e*d-..avﬂvocate. Secondly; the petitionete liereiheveh diligent to appear in pe«rSe'h herorejfsth-eA"'S'eeel<'er: in a matter of this hat:ore__an'tl'v--'e>:_oi'air:'r._the__Er. stand it they had personal knowledgexofali"r.th'eee":'eeoects so as to put forth the __.V.same..t§efore th'e~l.§oeai§er. Thirdly, the said press reports before this Court on 25.11.2010 al'o--no-.wlvtn'kTt:he'l:=.rejoEnder tong after the filing of the wrlt . '.oetEtlo:1..S""enVx.11.10.2O;l.O. This makes it clear that the r~§§£?l;iilfE{3.f§€FS herein wooid not have prooeoed such press AV"ll'-.___""'.'teo;orte even if they heo been greeted the eeven days' 4_i;'5t§E"E'%€ ee eeoght for oefere the Seeeker. If eoeh le the 2w'

2. 125

conduct dispieyed by them, they cannot be heasjjfd to cempiein about prejudice being caused to them.

37. The petitioners; admit that the pasted on the deers of their ree,i$'e'<;ti.x.{e'._ e:~.ithe--V« Legisiateﬁe Home.

Ruie 7(3) provides that 'E'i'ie"member"a<_faihefVV§v'hom V the Disquaiification Ceh?i;:*~i_ain_'iiV'§'er'VAhr§egd»'e'~.3haiiiréithin seven days of the receipt of 0~'f~..fii'e;Vbisquaiificeticn Compiaini: the 'fe'r*werd his comments in writihg the-..__Speeker. The words "within seven days'-'54_'clearly""nﬁee"'r'i.:Ehat the comments sheuid be ._.V.f0rwa.r§5fie(i. by fizeihczoricerhed member to the Speaker A"'._i«vit;fh§--.:";Vth>e'A«m:§5t~~i.e1um period of seven days and net that it be the inner iémit of seven days. The Isexzehii <.'.1e;"'\,e<:5'Vi43'r'e5«::rii:>eci under the Rules is the maximum ~§jervied~«_iahd met the minimum period as contended by the Vi"..._"V"'ee£:itioeere' advocates. Ceheéderéng that the eereeieeit ». ifaeeeie he ef eefeeeee em if it is sheen: ﬁe be erase; e "\, ,1 3.26 member cahhot cehtihue with the status for iohg and as such, an appropriate enter iimii: is fixed keeping in View the urgency with which it sheuié be cohciudeéif Speaker may ever: aiiow further time if SUffiCEﬁé'n'§>~.VC'§1:Qi;SgV.'"

is shown. In the matter on §'iafiCfLi§§'1e found that the statement of ovh:]ee'tireasé'=fii'e§i' 't§9}§i.iii,..th:.;_ii petitioners is exhaustive, h'a_s'~..procee:ded i'iﬁeA"«1.iie.ar--'3the matter on merits. Bethsthe ;ae.ri{i'ea'were irepreesehted by their respective advecafes_"arid?i;:ne};§_i:a%d_c::ehserited for dubbing the ceases _istai:;e~r[ii~eh'{ caiobjectiohs ﬂied iridi<:ai:es_ tr_ieicxV'i'i't'.Vis_::"add.ree.sed.' te the Speaker and not reatricted with ariy ';)ar'§iVi:u.I'aVr case number and as such, _._is cO,r'iih§oh to eases fiied by the B3? functionaries A"~_2ariV:i"*:hVe .§{eter{s;. __ It is brought to the notice of the Ceurt duriehgi'tVhe'«--".'gQ';;i.r'se ei' arguments by iearhecf advocates Tappea'r§.ri§§_eh' behaif of the respondents herein that the heard the arguments in detaii fer abeiit three "'~ii,.__"V':'heViirs en each and every aspeet of the matter arie ,hf'§he:"eaf*eei3, the ireeeeeee Siéei" is geassedi Such §"'°-M E 12?

submission is not controverted by the petitioners' advocates before us.

38. It has been heid by the Apex of RA V1" 5. NAIK ---~vs- uzvrorv or iiegoesga "

1994 SuppI..(2) sec: 541 that i:iTe_h'§?.uiee."'V-rieﬁze tj}e.'e5o:'~~o framed to reguiate the ;3i"ecec:'f'v£;'a'a~*«._xe'v: ti'}'at §s-- ";io'V:be.':';foliowed by the Speaker for exeiiiieﬂiriwjige on him endea' sLib-~pareg'ra;.>h (.i;'}~:.€i:f: the Tenth Scheduie E05 The Ruées are therefosre' any violation of the same woulti ,§'r":;'eg:.3ia:" procedure which is not subjected 't0V'.'--iLé'diei'el scrutiny in View of sub 1,/j'q1VV.§3ara§i:€a;3,i:. (2%) efV"Vo'a'r"3'graph-6 to the Tenth Scheduie of ''the' India and as construed by the Apex cjouirt. iej~}{i'hoto Hollohorfs Case (Cited supra), u""':v"v4."'---i§ewVex:eir»--L subject to certain exceptiens, As 4:'-_e?*e%'ee'§ee:ieriee, in the very jedgmeet, the Apex Ceert T e 'ii'e5'sl eeeervee that the fieid of jediciei review in respeei iv-"""'* N4?"-

128 of orders passeé by the Speaker under si.:b~paragraph (1,) of" paragraph 6 of Tenth Scheéuie to the Constiiiﬁiigin is Cﬁfifified ta prejudice 0*? ceristitutioiiai n*i23ri:iéé7e's;.'vjii*%i_;:cia".%;_"' . fides Oi' nori--c:ompiiance with the Ruies Of"i;ié3ELi:¥3§"3i'V':§'iIv$*€iCé§4 "

and perversity. it is held thaf,Pi3i'n'CVipi'i€S_"'tii% justice are important force ii1--.i;_ii~i2_%ri1@'de_rii a{.i.m"i's§'é':i:ra:tive * ' iaw. They have beeri_defiifi@d--.."§ii°'~;3jeanﬂ'"faiir/jpiay in action". The order of aii3Uti"iOi'"iiiy__é>ii§ififC'i3.iﬂg judiciai or quasi juciicizsi f~{,E'?iCfiGR$:_ p§is.:Sied«,Ai'i*i"_j_i.zi;jlajtii>n of piincipies of naturai jiiisti:::'éi_L}ii::rs:i ii/if"E3S and therefore suffers i?§foi'i_".iiii'i'i'3d._i_;:t'iQ'ri.§:i"-.,.ei'ro's*V.WVBut wiiiie appiying the principiesiiefm it may be borne in mind _.._:hatv,tfii'}:év Fiiieé ;c>fi.V_.iiVéi1;uijiiii":al.jiistice are net immutabie, but not cagt in a rigid mouid and they céiifioiz' a iegai straight jacket. Thus; the °,____'.questic.nV"'ga§'to whether the requirements of nature:

have been ccsmpiied with gr" not has to be

-.._T'CQifiS§d€i"€5 in the caritext cf fads and ciiwmstanceg aii' a :Ipai'*tici,iiai" 533$, 12'?) The facts in Ravi S. Naik's Case (cited 5r';;i:}ra) reveat that the ﬁisquakifieci members were two days time for submitting the repééeaw--...AT:i1,e"A~T.r:epAEééé§' were submitteé to the Speaker ¥;5.{Etr:-ir2fi:r{e3."sa§':;!"';;:£%;-r:f§0«:iV._.' The repiies so submitted wé_r<+2__qtjite"detar:Ev:é'ci.;Q~.._._,I§'1:2the replies, the concerr":eci;__MLAs'».V_..4.§~:;.ﬁ__ﬁg}: crucéai aiéegaticms made agaivriﬁéﬁ.thr::3fif;. i.'.}?fié$ré§jgregard to the facts and C§f'Cl,:§!"?5.1:${ZEi:{1£Zf::i § Apex Ceurt heid that it time is given for resuited in deniai of adequaré . 'of;-,r_:;<3':'rLV1: ﬁohncerned M LAS.

39. ﬁrxer.'-mé::tf5e"rVs on hand aisc, though the "patEVtV§ar1e»rr3 ﬁe'reEn 'viéré granted twa days tirrae far fEEEng 'S%:a;V{'e-riiéeit-, Qf5V".r~.rj.bject§ons, they vaiuﬁtarily filed their ' _repiAie=s w_§vtf;%§§'*"é day i.e., on 9.10.2019. The raplies filed r3E2't'itEor1ers are Quite cietaiied, Ir: the repiies, the _'_r'~_;:§éaiitiz;;r*;§rs have aiieged mafa fideg against the Speaker' T ~:. F¥L;s'rt?:erf trim' rzava put §§%""§Z§"% their €§S€ in aéeéaéé, K i 'E 130 However, the petitiehere did net eehy the contents and veracity ef the documents preducec! eieng with the disqueiificetiee appiicatierie. They have eiee hetxs't;e'ted anything in the replies that they wanted ta particular decumeht in their suppQ;ft.>_ In_.fa'cvt--,£:':h'e'»:teno.§; "

of the contents in ;:>ara--13 of the "tepi_gr Speaker indicates that by the_v:i3t3jectioh raVi$ie"dA"5.I§>y~~mere, they sought a decisien from thexSp.ea£§er te'e.r.ithtfraw the Show tatise notice and ﬁﬁevtvitiiien, faiiing which to grant at ieaetieje-evei§'A1 did hot even come fdrwer:ixV'te.V--e_i3'peer"'t1_ef--ore the Speaker perseriaiiy to contentj"thetvth'e§"irveij'itiedduce any evidence on their _..V.beha,if%f:' it Even t'h'e_.edve.cates appearing on behalf of the A"'._;3etVi't--iQheite.dieriot submit go before the Speaker. As aiio*s§e':*rieVrititii"if2.e'i.?i.itit the petitioners have not stated 'ie_riyth4i::.gV"'ev.5e"n in the writ petitione denying the contents 'V~tjfAAVV'iit--he decumehts predated aiong with the V.___"'j'iﬁieeeaiifitetiee Cereeieihte. On the other head, the 4'4;"§€'Ei'§§0?3a¥"S ee met eiieeete the eeeteete ef the eecieheete 131 except centehding that the said decuments wiii net iead to any inference against: them by seeking to e><p4lz3gih:_'i:lf}e same. Even if more time was to be grah.t3e3"*é£3'----.1;f'E"§-€'3._'". petitioners, he usefui purpose we_g.:.i.d.__havje"ijeeh.1s'erv.ec§;,v inasmuch as, factual aspects; ;'beréje~" Get"fEe:f%;"*'h~~.\c.hhe:

documents produced eE0r*sg'»--.v:§}i:~&1;h Ehe_ '!)_ies:;:jé,%§E'E'E*§ea'§:ier's " L' Cemplaihts were not dehied ih-»e.the ﬂv'vri--t petitions. Oh the ether hand; it a;3'ﬂpV%e_a:'eh-f;he't was oniy to proleng it. V." in fact; whiie answering Siheiii-eh:R"Ej€3--hteriﬁ'§:i§5rwejihf:the case ef JAGAJIT sman K-v-V3-~.3S[T:1Iff§.eOF:.'VHARYANA {2oo5(11) sec 1} wherein em ihtea'in5a""'fe§j'i'y:%V"§~ées fiied and thereafter the _VVcompEg;§iha.nt hadfiyiedvi additiohai documents, the Apex r"e3;é:;t--e:'ci'«~.,the cehﬁention. Thus, it cannot be said that;x'.e.eh"'eE*eati;;'{:§% further time fer submitting the repiy {has r'43'e:';.L:"Evi:Ve7cti'fin deniat of adequate opportunity to the "V.§:)eAt::itEe.he:;$ tie controvert the eiiegatiehs corataéned in the V..__"Eéeetteiiféeetieh Cemmeérzte. As aferemenﬁehedf the hjeeiétieherg eeéeeterihg eeeeeree ihreegh their Eeereee ix 2' me, 132 Advocate before the Speaker on 9.10.2016 though the time granted to them. was to appear" on 1O.1_40.,2§):'1Q. They ﬁled their repfy er': the very day' cemented for clubbing aéf the c:<)rt":;:>ie.i__r)ts,.°.Mt§i.jV.:e'eS_ent,,_ "

5:12 the cempiaints were ciubbect, lflzeai-Ed"

together. In View of the Ac.:"aar1r':<:°:tV;[Vit);e"':~.é:{a"i:§ Ehat " L' the petitioners were pm t<3&..e;:)'re_:j_};2<:'iV'é'¥:._e. iné'«a'reyVAv'fnanner. Hence, it cannot be said' gt:-§1':;1'teiv:h:e'V Qaturaf justice are not c:c>n":p1iec§"wi'i:h 3:5; tbe..V~matt'e'.re'..Qijffhand.

40." egeeiéorms VALIDJTY or THE Iéiaggweb' V:':I£§ICLUDING ouasnorv OF MALA _FID§E'$..;_g_'ig_Q PE}? i/"eesI1*Y :

j m:«if}i{e considerimg these aspects cf the e::1't'ire matter WEEE have te be examined ~V £<ee§£;3g"*~V§:{.1'si€:ir1d the ebject with which Tenth Schedufe '2..je»$.sA'ine:3.ertted Er: the Constitution by virtue ef Fifty-Second '«T«'--'&;é'§1e§idreent and the mermer ef eeneéeeretéen sheeéﬁ be ie the eéreetéee ef eeiiievérsg the ebjeete and me: te . j -

133 defeat the intentien with which Tenth Scheciuie is inserted.

In that regard, a ;:>erusaE of the weufd indicate that the Speaker impugned order has re1Ee<:_1_ ué§:;cj§ﬁ*- €hev*'V--%..Vf.<§iiew§;ri'ge circumstances against the pet:v'EVL'iiée;ne_zfs ttiet they have joined the BJPVa._f'i?i_Aéhcagrfecijﬁrequaiification in terms of paragraph 2(;:2'.},./of jTe'::te__S'e'heAeCi.:;'ie" vEz.;

(a) '5" 'have joined " by

(b) 'i*fie'..'A'p.eii*i;fft2;r:2ers have attended ' ~ Le"g;'s!et'u1re 'pa.}fy meetings of BJP and : signed t}'?'e"'reievant registers, petitioners have received _ ~ whip issued by the Chief Whip of BJP and have acted in accordance re the whip issued, fa') Peéftéeners have pertswpeted in {he gregremme ef the ,oef:":;'z:ef gaff}: we, 134 8.129 under its flag and symbal along with the /aacferg of {he BJP,

41. Based an the above materials, Speaker has held that the getéétiehers disqualéficatleh and since the pe:f;EtiQ.h?é:.'s"'.lhééy'e.:

male fides against the Spea.l<e»§_.VforAV'a:;:tEhg of the Chief Minister, that .r)__eéh's' '«:u:cjhsiljferatioh at the outset. Hav€s5g'..,_;',%'V£3aArL*l advocates at length and hayﬁhg hwaterials on record,L.l..We..'V.é'l%:é opinion that the impugnvléd is not actuated by ma/a fides 35 ;f*i'l§eg'ec§A'--vl_3sy'~'EnVhe petitioners. It is FIG doubt '""«--sk»weC._'it':ha_'*::. Cezftaih""'a§iegat:lor3s are made against the the reply statement filed by the petit§_QnQe.r's:Zvnbéfcare the Speaker as well as in the writ VVk:jE2tEt§O%;}S''i 1' Further, allegations are alga made against T._Al:E*:_ie5"*--AChEef §"l§f'i§S€E?" ta tha effect that he was ll 'ihSj:rumehta€ €55' getting the Empugheé hrdar paasad at 1?"?

'if 335 the hands of the Speaker in a hurried mariner in order te see that these petitieraers do he': participate'.--and vote against the Chief Minietet in the Cehfjédeiﬁceii-.V Motion moved by the Chief Ministerh__~.%é;i-tii<:vh'_V.:V'i}%asV--w_.'i scheduled to be discussed 11.10.2010. But, we find that sdcaiaiiegetiaiohs "st:-géicii A unsubstantiated. if in iaw the'v'Vipei:'iti_enears. haxfe ilhcurred disquaiificatioh and iiA----._tiie -§pealk'ei"»..nrhteceedsi in that regard and if it is not vaigvahiast'v~iai5i,".EijeA'rVe'i3/ because the aiiegation is, ie aid the Chief Ministeij iii c:'ftVi_"€.{:i'r:.fitie:1ce at his behest, the male fideS~v--c_amot ij'eVA'a.s;t§iiVVtaV'ed. if the petitioners were to saeifeed odtehie aiiegation, they shouid not oniy A"._Ve€;te.biia_h'A«:ii.at~--.they had net incurred disqaaiificatien, come out with specific details about the riiaaeehfxin which the Chief Minister prevailed upon ' ..:ithxe'ii"f§»peaker to pass a partieuiar type :31' order by Vi"..._"V""fdiT:¥ewing a geaetieuiar precedete, St: the ether heed, ujfthie eetitieaere have eet dieeideed the eeeree at their 3"':

N, 136 infarmatioh that the Chief Minéater had infiuenced the Speaker for getting the order paased and aE_sa_V»-ﬁg detaiisg Neither are ahy rhatariafs petitéamers ih support: of their aE§e.e;1.;a_tEor1é.'"f'r'<§f§": such caaclusion can be drawn. uﬁfhéée(Vat!:€g:§:3ti.fI_}F}VS'»H'aEf'é:./.i not grounded on any factuai--..:%§§hVQwia'dga',.VVbajaA"'hva'SVVVa'a§y been stated as "rea${}.r}s tQa"baiVa_(£é\§eff: 'Ewavh their baiéaf', the petitioners reasons on which they so because the order 'xfote 01' Confidence, which, basis for the reasons stated a?0«r%ésaiﬁ3"'~ah.t: reasans that wauid be cEiscL::'§Séd. in th'a..V_§:L1'ccaedEhg part of this order. It is no "._Vc:*cjVuh_i:V tha:«£a~.4§?eat in a case af this kind, ii: wouid be éEfhhc-:.:3tvV.fd'f'."LthaVVfaatitioners to have persoaaé knowiedge Isa rexgarﬁahizha an avermerzt' of maia fides; but than the A XfCié5t;;a'i'E.S from where such knawledga is gathered is wanting. "ma §@'33CiGi"1€§'S aught is have disciasad their khawiadga 323 %ha: {ha athar aiaa gets a faér mania Ea ?:

'E?' verify it and to respeneent to the same. In suc:__h a situation, the Apex Court in the case of ST;§T.Ef.j"-(§i'? sousmr' --~vs- pueusnmm Jo-G NAIK {AIR 1952 ~ hes observed that as sEip--;~;hed ve;riefE.Catie'réVe"f ' might: iead to their rejection, on the fines of Oreer XIX Athvrze .£":E3;Viei=_:P35-e'e'e'aié}re Code and that where-3_r? 'rre't"Aebeeeci on personal knowledge! eheutci be cleariy of tangibie meteriais, the respondents made as '(Q male ﬁdes couki be Gee' g:j'e--n_':eréa'l deniai. In the matter can V hand4,;'t'%1e Seeek_e'r; ee azxreil as; the Chief' Minister rzave fiiee the"u"rA'affidavits denying the aiiegatéone. They have e';3ee--Ef§«eé'3§§2~v_v.V.§3e:rri'"ed the cententicm that the impugned V -Verde? §s"'«v:;r>ae'.eed at the behest ef 'the Chief Minister', '"'..ji!\.f'e'Je~-rnuvet net overtoek the wen eetebiishecf legal p"t;ge:£'i:Eere that the eereera of esieeiiehéng mefe frees is '4"'V..eery heavy er: the eereee verse eiéegee it The 138 eltegations of male ficles are often more easily made thee proved and the very serieusriess eiiegetione eemaede proof of e high credibéiéty. In this regard :'efere_m;e__4ma_y"'b'e.::o':oe'de_' the judgment of the Apex Cr.::n.zrt;'_'_ E~e ewe" E.P.ROYAF'PA -«vs- STA n-3 TAMIL ensue-Ann ANOTHER ( AIR 1974 S? 555-9:."L_wh'efein' ENS. obeerved thus:

"ﬁg most not also overl€ook=ii.'." of establishing roole .i§vA:'afe;j{"f'7',€e_v;' on the person who elle'oes% 'it; of male fides are V_ofteo"mVoreV'veee_lly~.--"'}nade than proved, and V iVgf€F).l'AA"'3E?l'_"l_{}.\USf?E'SS of such allegations 'A .:lel5r:el§ds__ proof of a high order of Here the petitioner, who was h{m§_e§if"TVonCe the Chief Secretary, has flung V e_ ;~:eries of charges of oblique conduct AA "=.,_egV*seins:* the Chief Minister. That is in itself V' 'Ase rather extreerdloery eno orzoeeei occorreeee eoo' if these merges ere éroe, éfzey ere gooooe' te sfzeke fee eeofieeoce of 'E E. 139 the peep/e in {he poiiheai cL:stodr'ahs of power' in the State and therefere, thefjﬁ anxiety 9!' the Chart sheufd be at'! grearer to insist on a high degree of A In this centext ii: may b8__.:'.10_fQ{3' _--!iha:E--:'_£_fe;:>"V administrators are often required a which affect gthers adtzersefy ._b"L;z7 whVieh'.a're necessary in {he execufigkw of f7?;E4iI"'Af:?;iff€§S; These acts may /'e:m.:'~.. --fh"eh7$e}v'ev:; ./jto mr'sconstrucf:ioh to the Doha fide.s;_ of tree? ;;au:nerh'ha¢ae%n "the am facts a,%f:zt1'A:;1i3T:_;_sr;f;§z;h%fjihhg 'j_"efre':'1mei;ances are net kho v_g'f:_., "The V therefore, be " fnferences from ih2':of*h_pfete':."fahCt;é:_'h'ha«g:ia.ced before it by a part},_V%hpar;tic£JIar'{};§'..'h' when the imputafiohs ,,._{are. gra\§*e.._VVa;hc:l ixfhey are made against the ah' office which has a high :"es--,:2e'hsihi!:"ty in the administrative. Such isv.thei_A}udiciai perspective in evafuatihg u :'j:harges of unworthy conduct" against hiihisters and other high autherities, not ﬁgecauee gf any seeciai status which may are euepaeea' éa enjoy, 2"§0!" hectaeee {hey are hfghly giaeea in aaeéai ﬁfe er"

5*» ::x._: f lag 140 administrative set up »~«~ these Censicierations are wholly irrelevant judiciai approach --- but because {3thert§gj;%f§é%'V"- j'; ~. fur2c:t!0ning effectively would difficult" in a demecracy. __££»__is ﬁ+':§'rr2-- ::{3i§§'~V steand-,9oint that we must e:;4;~;se;ssA.1{"f§£;>. §*n.érifsT=.,___ f of tha allegations c:>f maﬁa ﬁdes made b'y tff:é pétmoner against the s"e3Lr%§f>'nd réspcﬁ:'wd€:nE';:Tf'M 3 Since the petitionékﬁ discharge the burden of estabIf's!r2ing:' V' V'tE#i'V'allegations of maize fides C?'«Z--43Hr1 .V']'€)'1:C'"'§"'J§E'~Z:_ acce," "*i:.e3d 'Even otherwise, we do not fincf thaf _0_r$ ér is actuated by ma/aa fides.

aAE§um--e'nts advanced an behaif of the the Speaker passeﬁ the impugned erc:i€+_:fV irygifei-at hasste as the discussion an Confidence T """«__ Mg:)t;ion"-Eizas ﬁxed on ;L:.}_O,2010, and therefore, ..é"s.§j*1ae~:":§<is Qf maﬁa fides is a dsubte edged me, 1': can

-aééo §eaé :9 the énfereréce that it is became sf that " reasisr: 'aha §€iEE§QE"ie§"S were Enieresieé Em Q§'"$§Q§""E§§§'E§ 3 141 the proceedings beyond 11.10.2010, but the Speaker wanted to decide before it, if the petitioner_s..VV_'iw'ed._ incurred disquaiificetiori Lmder Tenth in fact, was towards upheidirig the,.i.aw4. /$;S"e""r§5_ei9{er'_'ef " fact, the proceedings under Tent}: Seh'edziie_v"'e_::i"ii te be decided as eeriy as e defected member's par--t.i;x:i;3atiei;i:..'Vi;hiithe iie'us--e...~:§1f the Speaker had not i:e.§i;ie;_i.::.voeiigatzion, he wouid have 4. Hence, this Court 'made oniy because ef that as above, we have also kept"i"n:_'vieiAi'-- eibsierii/ations of the Apex Court _..V.abou,t.%f}ﬁhei.high"'t-zeeiitieiia of the Speaker's office and its A'*__ro!Ve'.--.__T.he_o§se_rvatiohs made in Kihoto HoIIohon's Ca'se"--Vi(CVi.te'§ii'Lj-.si;§ora), which reads as hereunder weuid Ieise ee..a"efc for the aspects to be considered hereinafter " ' I '~ AVvi.ie'i~«E.:

H " Pare-115:~i'r2e quesiierz is, W/vefher the inveeeefere es' {he eeferreieeéive if ,x';mT3 "xi:

142 jurisdiction in the Speaker would by itself stand vitieted es denying the idea of en independent edjudiceirery eetherity: We are afraid the criheism that the previs:'oe~.j"-«..b"~ incurs the vice of uncen$titu€iene;'li'ty--«'.f_~ ignores the high status and imperten,§§e~..eff.l.::' the effice of the Seee'kerd_ Parliamentary dem0erecy."A1'.V_j:ie'leff"ee;;ef. " the Speaker is held iriflie hiei?esl:. and esteem in Par/lalT'il:é*.§:if3ﬂ»' tfedlijiene; The evolution efxthe Parliamentary insti'tutic_2n_.« 1 the Speaker " a':5,f7iel'§¢VV' ceremonial ofrzg-; All 'd§:eStle}?,s:'Vof the well being of the _m§_.;*?e;_V;.;'fnatters of She-el<er's "._§Cehcern."' -A..'i:'he Speaker is said to be the l/5932' Qgmbodiment of eropriety and V' ."imV,:c)~..=3rtiewlify'. He performs wide rendina .7'_""fun;:tivein:.-5 including the eerfermence of hi ;',€rieof"fent functions of e fudiciel character; vV'"Pere~116:~ Meveiehkesj, whe wee himself e distinguished eceueeht ef fheé high effste seye:

143 'Ir: parliamentary demrecrecy the office of the Speaker is held in very high eeteegf; aria' reepect. There are meriy reesene this. Some ef them are pare/y f:i'et'eri:ffg;=l""' " and some are inherent in:=..1theiis{;r)n'ee1/:2.t "'e'f"j-ii..__ Parliamentary demoCre{;_y ehdttthe pi:n5.:ers" and duties of the Speei<er;. Once .e'''Qserse{jV ' is elected Speaker, he""is..'V_etSg§:eCtecl'to be above Berries, e':':'bve"-- .. other words, he-beloniqs"-tq;3li_the«"'n§Ae'}r;5ers or belona$?_;£;0;jsi'se.Qne:;«A ﬁle' hj_Ole'sx"tf2-ei scales of iusticriéj Vof party or pVerst3r..r;A: r2e'V'oi7e'ex;9'ects that he will et>soVlti':'e"j'iiisti'C*ei_:ie all matters; because as he ' humegjfgbeiifidéwhe has his human ;vCi':".3WbE§C'i<SV 'end shortcomings. However, V-':s.j"':exe:e.ry;£7o'dytltritiws that he will intentionally 'V or Show pertielity. Such a "--.lpers"-ea isvrieturally held in respect by all. ' .. i_l?ere~11?,* Penclit Nehru referring tie the * .-.__effiCe of the Speaker said:

'Fee Speaker represents the House.

ﬁfe reeresents the eigeity es' the Heeee, 144 the freedem of the House and because the House represents the nation, in particular way, the Speaker becomes_§i'fie.f;'._'__:'V5 symbol of the natierfs freedom and A Therefore, it is right that tbef'sheg1§fd be} re honoured position, as free' gﬁesiitioirz. Should be occupied "ei":<x_{eys"'-.bjx outstanding ability and irn,r;§erijia/iiy; ; .". Pera~»118 : If;i§ie.rjfrj,V3rj--.ii2c;iee;¢:{ﬁbe unfair to the high~.traditie;*:rs::ef' ti3e:'igT;jeeeeffice to say Zih5:'f4'«::?ﬁe ':'V~i§!V';v"~.',z-it ef this juris hi "' Ztieitéed V for viola tier; of " 3* ii': reije etf' " denﬁocra Cy. mljwztwig distrust in the hic:i7"V.e'fi'ice"of;:wf7e Seeeker, merely because gggme efr-the Spealrers are alleged, or even V-':e._.°i'ow:d; _te iie'Ve'Vdi"scharqed their functions ' "V_rgtﬁ"-kiieenina with the ereat traditions of ._,tlieii".f;§g;ié"effiee. The robes of the Speaker de..':ehe'hee and elevate the man inside. Pere-.Z19: Accerdingly, the Contention ii feet the vesting ef edjudicaéery feeefiens in the Speakers/Chairmen weeid by s':"se/2' viiiete rrze ereeieiee er: the ermine' ef 3.45 likelihood sf poiiticei bias is unsound and is rejected. The Speakers/Chairmen hoid Divotal position in the scheme Parliamentary democracy and % guardians of the rights end"p*riLfii'ege.sfez?

the House. They are expe'Cte;¥iJi'E3 emf' take fermreechinq *}:_1er:.isions' in functioning of PariiemenVtenvV deinecfeciig Vestiture of poweizto qziesvfions under the Tenzflf' such constitutional _ - gizoeéii u not be considered e§<e'epiion§ble. '.'f. i V """ ( 43.1VV'Th1e'. the instant case are that the elected as independent ..i~'\ff.;eVr5'"weiections, they supported the by 83? which was the single _iarge$«f.; the 13"' Legisiatéve Assembiy. They, t:beirzs'e:parate iettters dated 26.5.2008 pledged their 4:'giin"ce'i'ic'iA'it§e:1e£ supeort to the 83? Legistamre iﬁerty T --:'.':i'e'aeer Si'; §,.Sﬁ;'eeeye:"eeee ES: farm the @evemn2er:t. ii. .. "*7

3.» E, E?"

146

They were sworn in as Ministers when the Government was formed by BJP. in this context, it was argued by Sri Satyapei Jain, appearing on hehaif centesting respondents that the very fact_..t:na't'i»'.'th_e petitioners were swern in as;ﬁiiioisters'----::'_ivn"Fth,e Government formed by B}? itseif érs:oi.r;:_tI' tie'St:ffij§iierit"itto":'11i hoid that the petitioners haQgv:v'*j.g_ined"

vi2., B]? as it was not an..outsVi+:.'eV:."Siipport.i The game is opposed by Sri P.P.xRa_e', '' Advocates appearing on contending that theIn*ie__reiAQt"the«.:,pe.titioners joining the Councii of Ministers~woulti.:ﬂriot4'Vbe sufficient to incur __._ciisqu,aiificatiori"'a..eV:vv'contained in paragraph 2(2) of as they have not joined the poiitical were eiected. According to the 'petitioirierszz there is nothing on record to Show that the pi}etnit'io'i}ers have joined any poiiticei party, much iess, 'they are not enroiieci as Members ef BER their Dnanfiee are not feiine es 3}? {rites in the reietzant \ ,5 3 EM' 3 €-

147 registers mamtaéned by the Speaker as required urséer Ruies 3 and 4 of the Diequalification Rules and petitéenere were oniy giving outside support. b

44. Befere we proceed far?-jhe:?""::§7«.c;o-:r:ai:¢ie_2f.vvVt'h'e validity or otherwise of the im:p_ugne4.:£ erder ef;.a'ii "ether 'V aspects, it wouid be appr0priaf7evVV.:.for_uuswtte.':t§o§ge of the decision of the Apex Vtheﬂxfacts of this Case are almest $Ev:'~:--~..i"i_ar in Jagjit Singh's Case__( matter also, §ndep€F1dV€';'i'¥'t~ Assembiy were dEsqL£aEifEe"dA the ground of defection ahead Qfthe°'e%Ievcti:Q«n w'hi~eh was scheduied for eiecting Mfe"i'n£7er'»e.*§o the"'"Rajya Sabha from the Assembiy. S"£m'E'ia.E'rc§j'ej§e:9i't»E.Q'{;.s as are raised in this matter, were FBESQACJ--..__Vbef£:~Fe':'.:tIh€ Apex Court. While considering the eeh.te.:5z'tions argeé by the parties, the Apex Ceurt in '::..he_'saEe« matter, has observed thusim 148 " We have no difﬁcolty in eCce,oting__ the contention that there is e fondamen.tel.44_:'i~.V_ difference between an independent eie'etejot__j' member and the one who Contests antiyiiins foo' % ticket given by a ,ooli'tieal party?

is recognized by various proviefoiis of tizse'TenAti'2V'i_i"'-l.ua7--A Schedule, An iﬂdeQ€'ﬁd§iig:{§T_v€/€t3Afewtj__VQf a House incurs disoualiﬁeéi~tiion_VV wlienﬁe joins any political oarty 'after _e§l"e_cftio.nfas. broii/Video' in paragraph 2(2) of tbe There is also no difﬂéuitv tbeiibrooosition that ;Q_o:t§id,;m;$obbort by an indeoerlderiit;;eletfi_'ed"i'rn_erriber; ie not the same tnirouViiiiaseefoiinfiniq uoo'li'tica/ oarty after elecvtiori.' ijgigtnether an independent member:_l7e.s only outside suobort or, inifaczt, has-i..iovinet.i 53 political party, materials «_avaiia'ble*~e_nd also the Conduct of the member is ,;:_¢ by the Speaker. It may be 'goossib.le5'i..'ri a given situation for a Speaker to dremieo inference that an independerit member . V' " of the Assembly has ioined a political party, No "~._V"i7erd and fast ruie can be leio' down when the answer is deoentlent en the facts of each ease. K'?

§ 149 Para»-29 : It is also essential to bear in___ mind the objects for enacting the defective also, namely, to curb the menace ef defe;:;~t*i:1i:..'._'__j' Despite defectieh a member cahriet jhieh permitted to get away with it:-viiitl'*:e.zit7.4faeihgivthe consequences of such defectieh eriiyv beea5'u.ee mere technicalities. The'l;5;g:;bstar:-ee ERG?' law is the Guiding factor xriecgidehh 'wh:e'ther;an elected in den en dent eihh:e'rr~: - join eel "or" not a political party after ~:{voulc2' not be a valid aeiea fertile' zirhahevay have otherwise. peiitieal i;;24ajrt';'k'Vtft:é"'t:or'2tenci that he has §i2Q::j._'fiiieel" i;,e"i~'t:f;i'ie':'rer:/vahigieite membership ferreti'ie£:e§sar§'§titejljjeih a hhheliticai party or has not ltiahichzl fohr such membership, The cernple.tien_ formalities would be in CC_il'7t9E?C}'U63f7ifl'¢":?.lV::';f facts otherwise show that the member has joined a political 'iV"?h1e facts of the four cases of 'ri_h'dep_ehe7eiht elected members are required to be e§:'eihihed in the light of these principles. Para«37 : The sufficiency of the time granted depenee weer: the facts aha?

eireerrsstaheee er' eaeh eeee, Having regare' te 150 the facts as noticed hereinbefore, we are unable to accept the contentien that in present cese, the petitioners were not g_ije"r2te'd.__i sufficient time to meet the ease egelnst_th.en:i;_i."~ L"

Pare-47 : From ;'fhe~. '_fer:ts'::f:inVe"~'C'.w circumstances of the Case ericl Coiadegct the petitioners, it can reeser2eh!yi~'inf.erreg that they were only interesteoggh oroiohiainavvfthe proceedings heyor2ig;;28"*Ai'lti'n'e.l_V the "date fixed for Rafya Sabhe 'eraument that the Spteeker order in hesteteegs fo-:j Reiye' Sehbihe elections Wag" is a double edeed one Ysincei were interested in pro/Om§fnVt7v.th'e_ e*.foce.edlnos beyond 28"' June, ,2Mg5)O4s'~end the. Speaker wanted to decide before eetitioners had incurred dl'soueIificetion jehth Schedule.

a .. ;{3'ere~--50 : It was also contended that i * rpgragraplu 2(2) of the Tenth Schedule deserved V' 'iohbe striotiy eehstrued. The sebmissien is their the word 'join' in Peregreoh 2(2) deserves' e strict iotereretetioe in view ef eeriees QE 1S1 consequences of disquaiification ﬂowing tberefram on an Carder that may be made me Speaker. Pbragrapb 2 (2) of the 2 Schedule reads as under :

" 2(2) An elected n'::'e--3m{:erf1'e'f*ba.' I§!b:}'s'éj-%b.,__ AA wbb has been eieciié;-":.:'f__ as "'::_;::':h of:f}"é:>;<v%{Is'e "

than as a candidate $"€>£iVV:t2,0 by'ar§yAb,§é-olfirgbbi party shaii be~.__disgrLiai§}fi;'2ﬁ%"'b._for ' b'e-."ngV§ .3 member of tf2E;:'>_b:'~id*;;_:s3=;,>V:iv vjgains any poiiticai bznfty a.fE'e;~;-E "

J'Kc;j:}%bfb§éfc;'..:e3bf:{ie'i9, the object of the bbéuwbbrne in mind. The queﬁticﬁ to 'is whether a member formaiiy...4joibib§._ poiiticai party is the ;ieig£1i:<ec2mer'}'£*-.._:Si(§ aft to earn disqualification or ofjbinfng can be inferred from facts .'ahd.,SCQk}VL:%V£é"C:%:.~Of a member, without a member bb'f£§rm§{i;§*?'i.:_;i{5ining a pa/iticai party inasmuch as né: ""f§iifbg farm required to be fiiled by 3 V' " m.er%i'ber bf the po/iticaf party under five miss ' 539' reguiatiorrs cf that party 0:" payment bf any F ,Qr&S£Z'é""§b€Ci' fee. The £'€S,{3G!'?Cf€'f'?ES pieacleb' far a fibbrai bbngérbbtfbrz gm' gbbmifted Ebb:

2%' x 3' S"-1.

3 .

ii "3 152 inference frem Conduct was sufficient" to establish that an independent member l7e:§:""'»d joined a pelitlcel perry ihese are twe E§X§K€_i§? Ei'*T~;.E"i« views en the issue, P5-ire~5.2 : We are of determine whether enV.e'ie_deee'n_d'ei7i: member has mined a political perfy. the =z~es-=5 ."'.isV"1veei" whether he has vf:.;lﬁlle«d""tliei"f:7ime'liti*esl.vvliar joining a political ,9éi":5y--.l 'ivteS'i§'j_i..é:whether he has (liven up hisi.~i;*;de;ige*nAdei§f'~_ efia'recter on which he elg;g:e;d "bid the * e--leCtdrate. A mere Vuf'$:.£JDl»3Off would not leac:5'Vlv'f'c'3ViV of'..'eV"}d":ember ioinind a same time, nee» fulfillmenf efi'd_fi7e_éliifk.es with a view to defeat 'Vin:*en£%"'dVfV:;oa(egraph 2(2) is also of non «_et:nSe§;:le~e¢e. The question of fact that e .;?§emfi:er given up his independent ."ehlar3_cteijV_li:;end joined for all intent and piiljeesses, a political party though not formally " ed 35 to incur disqualification provided in "'~._V";3e'}"egre,ei7 2 (2) lg? id be determined dd eppreeietidn of die meteriel 3:": F960?' {emeiieeie swelled) E X?/..

153 Hem the abeve ebservetiem; it is deer that substance and seitit of tew is the guiding fec:t3o'i9.._t,r_); decide whether an eiectee member has jeined _ party after" his eiectiens, It would net be a_.x;a'iv'ic,t'_eI'e'e 'fer it a person wtie may have otherwise :j'eisi1eti»._a~:";';<§Eét'E~:a"EI1;_' party by his conduct, to conte':'ici"'ti:jat tiethes i€:eAt*~ti§;'i~§.eci requisite membership form ne.cei%f3a.ry<~..Lte jt;iin-_a gfoiiticai party and has net pan: "re§tj§qie:EteAt.V:Mfee fer such membership. The:;:fCQm1:i§|Aeti'efi: ferwmaiities would be inc<3nseq£ier2't'i*~a:{;'"Rfi to the conduct etherwisé1vVsh_ps$ith;:i:__'t§<ie'«i..fiee_pe:'2dent member has jeined a politicai ipiaertty er. :.i9::"':':r~}iEidependent status. In the __y'eryjg:1:*:i'g"rmentV, that the conduct and behavieut :Atii'evi':Veieie'teeﬁeticiidate wéit have to be seen to infer ae V toi".v'viiettiet:'Vé'.t:.t:i%i:=.'eerididate has joined a potiticai party at eese on hand exist), the petitioners have not tee members ef the BLIP expressty i,e., by fitting term, etc. Hence, by eorieuet eee behevietir es' iv""A..__u;i;'t*2e eetétietiere vetsethet it tier: be Eefertee that they tieaze it *7?) 154 joined as poiiticai party is the issue to be determined. Since the petitioners have not expressly joined by paying membership feee and fiiiing up there is no question er' their nemes__t1eei_ng E~_3'r'iii"éi*ie'gi'.'i'i'1« iifie "

Register maintained by the Speekei*i.«:.ir;I¢ieii a:i<_:i---.{3ii1ii.j of the Diisojuaiificetion Ruies sLie'i:,__thei'eiie.fi'gie~ net being effected, cannot.» ...Iead'..i-"t;sﬂ--ﬁe-»__ the 'eoneiesioe. Therefore, it is not posVS.ibiei~.fi"o'r accept the contentions of thAa"f§".j_~~th_efeames of the petitioners are Register maintained by the S;;:eai§,eEA'vei:;.re_ioiiirieiiti-.:,,;n.der Ruie 3(4) of the Ruies by intimati'hgo:_'the' had become members __.ef BJP.i_i " For th'ei..,3§ery: reason, the contention of Sri A"i?_iP.;ReoV, ti%ie.t*ii:he __irioependent status of the petitioners is _ evicieii'tii'f:ioi'i<i'."Ljiciieicrecerds of the Legisiemre, cannot be V"~.._'__aC_cepted..tie needless to observe that none of the parties which is benefitted either by express or V"'ii.i._"iiiﬁpViT§ee eefectioe by er: ineeeerieeet member wouie 'v°i».._ji.';'ifei"iii*i the Seeeizee ebeiii: the fee: ei' jeieiiig iiie eeio 155 peiiticai party, inasmuch as, such intimation te the Speaker wouid invite disquaiificetion and conseqgiieif*;iiiiy,_ such peiitieai earty wiii ioee the supperhijef"b"e.§::e'i"ii-'.._._'".

independent member 4.:hereafte_r...... So H "e'i'e{:;v,. aﬁy " '' independent member joining the ;:i'oiiEi_§:ia§iV inform the Speaker for effeeti:ifj'g._»chie'r:ge 3(4) and 4 ef the Disc;:ueiifice't'i'ei§':F{ei3_esL' «i'oi~..ti'::§e very reason. In View of the the fact of jeining the B3? of BJP at an earlier poiiﬂt 'best known to him, has resuii;ed__ .inf"e_--sivEuati.e'ri...___wh.ere the Speaker has to determine iisaid VC;iie.s:f'i--£j'fsV.'as per the Constitutionai 4__.nfiandai:e u€3F?.ViSa§Ed:iVi'i tifie Tenth Schecieie. H 'pxS'ri' i5,'i5u-;'."§f;a'i:i"'eubmitted that the judgment in Ravi Vfeee (Cited eupra) is expiained by the Apex the subsequent judgment in the case of ii V""i.,._'MA§f3ﬁWATI ---vs-- MARKANQEYA mane & omens "'i.,_' f':fep@i"ted in (1993) 7 sec: 51?. in Mayewatse ease 156 the Apex Court did not finally decide: the matter. Since two Hon'bie Judges 91° the Supreme Ceurt ciiffe;fea:V;i"-.¢4'_:t32"1 certain mints, the matter was referrec_l_=3V.:m*{:'§"b'VV.'Eiifié-'.._._:". Constitutional Bench far éecision. __iir=imce,_*if"Cé'.ij;.rlt3vtv'_'_bVe said that the Apex CGUFE in M:;§'}iai?jiai'i"§~._(.'.'ei§$6;VV explained {ha earlier judgmeVlq.1::VL:'}"ef' A;§éx_ Cgigv-:t"':.§§l""'Réivi S.,Naik's Case.

45. As af:;:r:s,«g§'ent§:A;)n§2<:l';i t'hé'vi'£%;2e_§{f'Court in Jagjit Sin9h's Casé iﬁfgsiérved that there is m diffE<:il_lt:y__ propasition that giving outside sugjpcjrt by ab' E..rit§~<§péndent elected member is __,.n ot thﬁéame any poiitical party after the Ccmrt has ruled that giving outside :i§i«é?1j--3'ifiid5éj.per3dent MLA is permissible, Hence, it V°,.,__ iT:; t0 Viﬁiilfiaﬁéimined whether the manner sf support the petitioners herein can be considered as supgaric. "Fm werda "c}utSiée suppart" are mat V""A».._44{§'@§Ened anywhere. W8 will haw is infer She meaning 9%? .-r'"""' 'N 157 the words "t)tii:side su§por*t"' 33 used in cammon parlance. The generai gerception sf' understandirrgV_i»-t§ﬁe_ act sf eutside support means, supportérrg":5.',j'~§§f;jé¢»-...._"'. Government from eutside witheut_,i:>t:E_;§g ;a7Mp'a§5t';V.t§fV the Government but adding ttzi the nurrirberritd héare"

in the Assembiy, meaning» "':..;;é'E"eV<:t;e2C% representative joins the: tic5t"'gi\.rir1g the outside support to the Gitiieeirnikéﬁ-:i'r::t, gr: part of the Government, Ivri'::.ié.;it:--chuiquestion that wouid arise is aiéxttii'3w.hjét';f;e§'r...thé'--._GV::§vemmer1t is by a hetertsgeisveeuéAi't}::{<€«3{:"~£>r«_§-.vijon*§ogenous body. In the instant caéiefitiiisvsi that the B313 has formed the Gc)r{§<éirn.ment" State of Karnataka. Though Sri A"i?_V.P.;ReQ, .v:sQug:h--t__ to centend that each independent mérnﬁba §i1r§'L§jE3d'A't:tjé cerrsiciered as a distinct poiiticaé party h§ving't1rr"€¢:.._r"r1ember being part of the coaiitioni, we are .A__L3ri'aAAbié'*~«_tc acceée ta such contention. A peiiticai party miy be one as praviﬁed wider Sectiarz 2(_f) Qf iv."v..4'4:§'i&pre$errtat§@r: at Femgie Act}? W31, ﬁgrther, §t§CE"3 5"':

:2 158 mischief was seught to be remedied by emitting pare-«3 of the Tenth Schedufe to ensure etabiitty Gevemment; We must aise eetéce at this from the debate made in the ?ar!iam.er:_f; w§*tiCh"E'aeV"be_en '"

extracted above, it is evicieet tha;"E.ée%.}f_er"iTv tﬁegjgrh was a view point expressed..:vL:"'~thet "t%3e~ .VViE;v.;;,1e'g::}e:*:Veie'r:'t member shouid be excfvudzed fre*m."_:th'e-»e,_eet efvthe'§Tenth Schedeie, the same dédi .fr1dt--.f"fE:'nd:'af'ay%e;;r with the iawmakersa As §2e"{:.ie§:1d,§f:he'§i:«et-EtAieh_eVre 'have joined the Ministry unceiﬁjdieiC_3'fe"i:§~§/_ "T'hAue'y i3a\r,e~~'eot just supported the Geverrfnmeriﬁ-".VbL§:tVrbeeame {an Entegrai part of the same. Siriee rrtae'-.. was the single largest 4_e.;:).c>iE}tEca.§§A party, Fiaeformeci the Government, it is but A"eem;r'eE_VVth:e":_tee.B3? manifesto as cieciared during the V eEeCt§e'er'car:é'§qeE§h' may have to be Empiemeeted by the "~..__€33e\zern'rne"m:.V Practiczaiiy, the peiicies and programmes .A__e~f5""::hVe"'*~«_B3P wiii be impiemersted by the Government.

"'---._"E~ff"'eréee! the petitéerzere being pee: ef the Ministry ere »V""~lE§'eLsee by the eeiﬁeiee and eregremmee ea?' 53?? eseéeh 159 wouid be impiereemed by the Gevemmerat. These Ministers wiii have he independent say in the meéteeef peliey deciséen, thereby they have East their _ character as such. Thus, it cannet...b_e saéd"'t.E§i'_e.tV"'8f§;erI being part of the Ministry, they ;'eari;'_'_'s;fiii'ii're't:e'i:i":::"L:§}"a;§*i.f independent character. i-ienee,L""~Vi.: ceenet §':=§i'd'-eﬁet the petitioners have vgiyen the Government. Thus, the giedged their sueport due to Eivuieeﬁef the act of joining the the peiicies and pr0gramr?ies__ es jeinirag the B}? and continuing acts as well.

»Vii"-£16..e «1e:i4§ié;3_eﬂdent member is the erie, who is eie.cte.Ci*~'axs?'e'."ejsf:efieri§3Edate, otherwise then set up by any V"~.._»_4p.Qiitice"i When such candidate went to the .A__e~!:ei::nte:*e_te, he must have mid the voters that he wéii the eiectierg ineependeritiyg, since eerie ef the v""r»»..e§i>'eEit§eeE eeeeee have ceteree ee tee rieeee ef the '*4.

e 1?.

,\

-' /' 160 cerzstituency tit} that date. if it: is so, the independent member should stick to What he had assurer§VV_'»-.iii'is_ eiecterete as he had fought ir:dependentiy'_.-e.e'd';5.'Eieef--...._".

secured verdict of the eiec:torete__ to _~"%'e":e3_§.e"'~V Se. Therefore, he meet continue as an :i'nde'_Apie'nd1ient' Ef3"'ie'i;'T':VVE_'}'E,=.tV*:i1.'.:

by desisting and resisting theViLi:iffe..V_e:f e'fi"'i;e' ioyat it) his eiectorate..--~._ Th'e-"'*Ve.ﬁe_eei'*e_:it Fievv~.!eees his independent character, he the Tenth Scheduie becausaeeifije he had made to theieiéecwterete is the fine! authorityivivvwhécfi"i'e,eeie.ed«..:ﬁhe_t.he is; a fit pereee to be eiected beeazijse he"--ie"'er.,.Ai':firi"e;3endent. »A ;fTherefere',"~-.t_he eiectorate wouid be confident that V such'eiiecte§%;§.iiiiiependeni: member wiii remain as an °,___§'nVdepe44r€de"ei;hvrieiember and wouid net join any poéiticai "-v4A__e.erfy'i"E-ate}, since they had rejected aii the eoiéticai '°=..__"p.'ar*{:';:ee vméeh were in the fray. Being met 3 reemees" ef ipeiétéeei eertyg, the eiecterete weeie eiee ee eesere '$-

3':

2:' 161 that he woutd not be a part of any Ministry formed by any poiéticai party, which may uitimateiy majerity, but were rejecteé by them and would not be in a pesitéon to assunf::e"'powe.:f 7--b»eE.%:<j_"_;e part ef the Ministry is a foregene cenc_i{J'siein voters of his constétuency. SwEnee'*~..t»he heiegteifeiehevf"tnjet particuiar constituency he':s.__rejeiiiehei"jih'?e.._p0EEA'f§'c'a*i ipﬁarties, it is incumbent npoh so elected to re§:eE'n"'jA;hE"s ehjariecter by not joining any "less, the Ministry formed best, he can iend outside sugﬁgaeri the benefit that wouid 'ﬁring his cbn.si:itue:aacy, se that, he weuid have A"S§sffi;<.*i.eVnt..>eE.bo§\!'*~.s_pace to take his independent decisions wiffs-eeit'bvei'e.§;L:._be£shd by the whip or surrendering himseif fer fee} eﬂoesing ministeria§ berth. ﬁetitieners have predueed the ceeies (3? their T --:'.4:i'Te'iti:er ef sewer: datee 263.2338 submitted te His «L 162 Excellency the Governor mi' Kamataka, wherein they have categoricaiiy stated that they are e><ter:c§§r1g_;'*~iﬁ:lf:.éé'r_ uncmditienal supper: 1:0 Sré B.S.Yeddyurapga,«~_4f}";eV of B}? Legissiature party to farm téié' G0v€:4fn:%§é;'%:_. fhe"., V' letterg are all identicai. One :32'A tb§:--_:_i'étté%;;_ hereunder:

=5'3'®~'W%3"5L% %$?~»'?*557¢%kk& asry~am-3 éissﬁﬁcpcs 55353' 'A aacsoévad £: 5Do¢D555o °'3'°&'3«'*"3'~'9§'5¢5§;c"<'3'-i'>5?'3 .-- Ckaw5®® aiaasd es<:%5:$f~;-sq-':3 em; woajazas aﬁoaacaakﬁsd 6: if aiééio reievant ta mate that in their repiy ﬂied ta §::%i;e.VV?{<$Ej.ow Cause notice issued by the Speaker; at ' --.. §3azV*}?3§;*e'3pE*:-'Q, they have gtated that Sr} "v..: .8iS.'¥'eaﬁyz,2r§§§a, Chéef Miaigter iaas fgrfeéteé the 5 ,3 x, :63 Confidence of the peopie, and, therefore, in the interest of State and peopie of i<arnei:ei<.a and the 133?, withdrawn the eupport from the Government _ Sri B.S.Yeddyurappe as Chief Mi3fii.St"§F e*;'rid"' ere "

within their censtitutioraai righte '~:Vdo=.1 parliamentary democracy. Thiés---v:.oj3"i*z.qjécai€es__ Vitae the interest of the poiitieazi. party' 'aﬂnﬁ.i,th.e§y oniy wanted a change of the to have been their conce:"r§::;VVL:V1'If xiihemseives to be stiii required to do was to beirvawayiw fr.oejV:"t.he4..i$'i'§-ajietry.

48.__1n i:'h~VisV":"eg'are~,;ithe contention of Sri Ravivarma :'v:.V'vlV<"""'iaV¥;;~.'C'~':'i¥'3'i3€'~%'i.i'§"'9"V'i3't"'a""'behaif ef the Detitéonerér aiso rieeeds_e.iiC:r He contended that in case the °'viewA'o_;i' tvheifapieeker that the conduct of joining the U"'T3".:"i*#i:i'i:i.s*i:ry ..'ez;i1ounts to joining the poiiticei party is then, there weuid be far reaching T --«.4§i'e'e%eeqL;eeces en the ceneept of eeeiitiee Government. ,/ a t _f;

164 Such apprehension cannot be accepted since in the instant case, it cannot be censiderecl as a coalition Gevemment. The coelitien Gevernment is eifferent the Government formed by a single politie:ei'*--.'pVg'.t_t§4*.;_T~~. Coalition Government is the Government _b'y*-e_fCoel:iti.or:"

of eoliticel parties formed when poﬁtieele..§3a4t*:i_e-S"un'i'tet.__te:;ve_e secure majority in the Houseioveet the-l.ott1et*§é*eeiupsV,V in the coalition Government, all th.e'jA'eo'l'itical"parties?which form a coalition will retail'n*Ath_eVitiliritlepleetieet political character as a h.eitez"ogeij:'eei}s.::cere'Ve.iV_ne't§«;;%§ and they will stick to their.Ao'vmV_,i_Cl'eoi'e§'Ee_e.. _'One political party of a coalition Governrt:'eritw'.'w.i'Ei«--.__n'o.t impose its ideology on ether_g§e"rties..V there would be common common minimum programme to run V' No member of such political party it._ \,~..rljiel**i".u'is;>.. gﬁellrt of the eoalitien will be able to take decisions to either jam or withdraw frem ..__'t'%*iel¥iinEetry, but weuid be the eeiiective decision wétheut iv"..,__4"eetrer;eering itself te the ether eeéétieel eerty whieln else 165 results in the stebéiéty of such Government. Cealitien Governments are formed in order" to avoid repee-t.ed_ etectiees or etectiens at irregular" intervais and3V.be::;i"?:.;e~--!l3,:¢-'.._._".

they are formed in the interest of the._Stat.e"'ehe'.';v5e'tfer "

indéviduai benefit. But here is ';a::'.AeaseTT'~wf'f:e'reV Government is formed by a sVibr':=:;::|'%e..»EarAge'es__i; 'pQVEeé.{:AEe:eVi""paiety to which the Eradependegt uncondétionally and have in this regard, E: is use'fu'i:««A;:e-« as found in Ramnath wherein the words 'tea|itieﬁ*L'v_-v¢a.n'{j.% €_h_e'«.vv__'coa:;!itien Government' are expiainecf a's».u'r:eder":---

V Fusion into one who/e;

combination between retaining distinctive prindpies.

" diplomacy), an alliance between AA States for c:ombir:ed action.

Union of peliticaf parties ire geeure e mejeriiy in Periiemeef ever' {}{'§'7€£""

2:' ,/'Xx ,3 166 groups; usually takes, place in multi-

party system in which no single party is able to command sulweri" 5:!' a workin§;..__"':

majority, (Constitutional V Parliamentary Term). ' gjgalitign Go vernrrian 1': Ga yarnn?ar;~: V . ' by a Coalition sf partiesiwis' fqrmaci political ;:3artias~.rnajori'i'y"x in Parliament over'o'théi' «far in times Q1'. j:'w_ar gar":'oiber'«fg:jeaV-t gnational amergancy wnan a rjnajorify party invites ,r§:a'rtié's to form :vgovarnn;e.nf«.l'n'«.ifha_ interest of national Li'r.=ity;% it' tanéjisii£'a:baw~"unstable and weak _ as it lac:lV<';"; electoral mandate l:_:acausa"iiA:a.flacts diverse and partisan .yz'e:;N;;§r;.ints; lacks cohesion of its in:anébarship; it has to necessarily a.;'wii:7Arn0date minority View point far "gating its Parliamentary support, AA (Csnstitwionai and Parliamentary Term}. "

if} ;f')// 'E 16?

49. in the above background, a perusai ef the documents weuid indicate the intention of the petitioners when they joined the Ministry and cendiJe.t'e{:i themseives thereafter. The cempiainants upon the documents reiating to B1,?»Legisiatiiife:";:ierty meetings dated 23.6.2008, 20.:1,2000i,00.0100i20200;i:,ii* 25.11.2000, 10.1.2009, iii2j5,..,2.20i00%,.e'2si.i;3;2009, 21.5.2009, 4.1.2010, 4.7.20;20iit'ia0ci :7';0,.203§0, to contend that the petiti0n4en_s_"he.re»i§a haixve,:Lparticipated in Legisiatuiiie of BJP and in evidence thereof theyi,:hav'e'-- Register. A perusai of these,.tiecuments..V_,V:teveaI that the petitioners have .,i.eg--ieie.t_ure party meetings of B;iP and have V sigHn'exc}i*--.iih In the meetings from 23.6.2008, theiuzfneethiviig dated 21.5.2009, the names of these .A__ti~etii:ieiiers were shewn at the concluding pertien of the V' ..._i'iet ti? tegisiattire party members ef B3? The eetitieeets 'V""i..__4"i;iie:°e efieviin LEE"iﬁE§" a different iieeeirig igia, 'iiideeeeeeet 168 Cmmerhbers'. On the basis; of such a noting, Sr; ¥3.P.Rao, eontenéed that the petitionere have mer.eI;:_ attended the meetings of 8313' as they were . to discuss poiicy matters. It is conte.nd_ed t'he't"h'ex}{2eve;--, * they retained their independent id;eht3:ty"'vby"siV'ge'§vr:t;j Register as inc}-epehdent co-hﬁe.§ff;~vigersA'eh_d'tVhe_:A\fe:*'y"'fect that they are shown asr§.:jdepeh'tte:;jt"V"cQ~neembere itseif weuid go to Show that they frh.e'Ijf}bers of BJP, but they are; '*lh€ Government. 5 _ Howetvef, dated 4.1.2010 and such~..i;aV:V'dietinctEon under the headirag of .V"'I._vF'Ed:€vE€:3r1dv:§'3i;7EtWC(3'7f§T1@F?Wb€I'S' is not made. The names of V these"'gretitiehefev'thongh are shown in the concluding V'C,_é_4;).Qrtioh" the Register in the i§St ef reembere cf '«v4A__'L.:e;ginsiat.a;re party, in the caption ef the Register it is V' t"-..__'"$.ho%;¢.:h as 83? tegéetature party. in the meeting detee 'v"VA">_""'§::?;:z}.e2{}§_€§ end in the tegéeietere eerty meeting eeted 170 paragraph 4, means the group consisting of a/I the members of that House for the time being beionging !:e that political party in accordance with the said provisions."

From the above it is ciear that the groar;_u¢oris.Tf:s*;i_ngi > of ai! the members of the Hause beionging to that political?p.ertyV"*-.W'cI4Idjfeirym Legislature party of such poi£tic_eL:!""p:ar:y. A rﬁemijfer cm' a Legisiature party mearisV:r"J.a the House belongingVVv'Hte"'a:s}_per§iVr:u.§es"poiifieel party. Since the pet§tionersﬂ_h'ave'.et§er§Ci'e§3"'~'and signed the Register reiating5't0_ 8} P-.V17eg'E's!emr'e party meetings, it can be :'¢.iVnferr_e£:§ {Feet jiiizey have treated themseives as members of"the'___§¢{A0't£4se.,'V_bejerugéng to BJP as a continuing act: after V j.einin§"'*theV:Miﬁistry.

The decemeets eredeced by the eenrestireg "'res;§er':der:ts befcsre the Speaker, which are reiied er: by % ?

E a.

3/ E. 171 the Speaker during the merge of his order aise inciudes the copies of the 'whip' issued by the Chief Whip and addressed te the petitiizmers. ﬁlm 29.12.2_(}€):M§5',' Whip of B39, Karnatake Legisietive _/?=ii<s:::,_e_4t'i'zb:%'y',"'i2'e$V.i'éeu'_e;;i 2 'whip' to the petitioners directirig1'1«Ati"}eeiV vete in faveur of the caridi&eie:i3e»ios'i§ir}g~ party in the eiection tovbe' he|'d"'fef':f:§i'e pe'sAf'Of Seeaker of the Assembly. In the 'iir'eVr.y'V that the petitioners are party, Such whip is by affixing their signatureisv er: V§{.ilﬁ?3Q'.Ut any objection. The whip issued to €ia"€fi of' t?1e"".gji;~:..t'i"t:ii;§4hV.ers at an undisputed point _.Q.f t§n'ae«\%jAi's_Videntice-iiyivwofded. One such 'whip' issued to Sri» '\.!en§<,etera:Vm.eneppa, one of the petitioners, is V extreﬁ:te'd Vfisfj-.ti:-'=é' purpose ef convenience which is as ie_4under:'it

172. éaawoﬁzwmw' 5&8: H 2§§'s§§:>?5 656356 5332333 §?:3i?1§§i2'3x> 'V....__"4*.f2ﬁ?i5g§'éa§ was-ass acgaaiaeﬁgﬂ are swag: 22:5 ::mas@qi9 1_:SQ§%vs§Jajdf;xr5ébo'caVV A. 3'@mc>~3:f;' 2'é-éiaeéétargg :3%"5 aeaacbéz 3021222009 aﬁoéq; ":3§'@C:'b' ﬁﬁtﬁ aiaazdé sawécsacs mag; €$;%éO%g 30:12:09 docs:

déoﬁoedsaﬁ 5333.; .-.=°.s_;s c--2:p5®e"<:>do £6 éwgboﬁomaf} Séc aioaaoé aw ﬁcwcaﬁcﬁo , ' V 35%;...

, A (®a.:;:v?;U'.--.a3¢a3z:s'c>8i>") ;%%§<; soe:s¢:§§osa§;3a~s@k%% * (Emphasis suppiiecfj _/{X 1.73 it is not in dispute that the petitioners have acted in accordance with the direction issued by t§'i€4.,C'h:f'€f_ Whip. if reaiiy the petitioners were met the _ the Legisieture party of B39, iZh_€=f.i;».'.__'{'i.!OL§idm'ii§t.'V"i*ia_\,€§3 received the 'whip' sent by the Chief o1f~.i:_i*ie:t There is no teaser: as to iiietitieVe>e!te:..;v'stiietiid receive such a ciirecticsii i~5§;ueci,.i-b3ii..the"-Ciiiefii'\z'»'vi2i;:2»i§of BJP if they had retained their'._'i'Ve'{§-eijientieifivtii.vciiaracter and identity, more described as the members it is reiie'vaijt"tci"':'§i:.t'e'~--thet the petitioners have not 4_..cienieCi..{:the~ conteifite of the documents, such as the A'FE.egi:s't»e_if to B3? Legisiature party meetings and the '*i§viiii;§t*iii§1i:iiei::itiby the Chief Whip, even befere us; but heve ohiyV"e.tte'mpted to explain such documents.

Gee mere eircumeteeee reiied er: by the T --«'.c7e'rriipieieeeit fer inferring that the eetitieeeie have 174 incurred disquaiificatipn is that they participated in the raiiiee conducted by the BJP under its benner'fep_:ti--vV' symbol. Certain newspaper reports are produ.:;:e*eVti§,{ ' cempieinante before the Speake:r""'te~iish_pw.$. tié;3tVV'tri.eii'~.4 petitioners have participated in the at Mysore, wherein these peti't*iei;erepayer'.peartéipetied being on the dias i~iatiio'ni:ai and State ieaders of BAJP. ceritended on behaif of raiiies were conducted 'being the Ministers they were have participated' The said '<:o'n?:en'tic>'r1.:'..eirsp';fai!s, inasmuch as the '__.phr3tog.ij apEi.s; pririteevin the newspapers which have not A"b_eeifi*dVEs;:2trted<vA:e.i.eariy reveal that the function organized at rfipt the Geverriment function, but it was a party tunetipris prganized by B3? are depicted frprri the end the banner in the backgrpuné, The 'V'-..._"Vp'etii:ier*:ere have eisp riot deriéee that they have VV"..,_4_4'4jg";ert%<:ipeteé Er: §LiC§"'i reiiiee at iiéyeerei 'irie eeid /_.

ii \r 178 phatagraphs found in the news papers counted with the ethér documents noticed above, wouid establis§f1..VVi:%ﬁ_'a.t_ they are part of the BIPR S2. Sré Ravivarma Kumar, ap§'pea€ kii1«.g"'«Qn"b§i:§V*.f"Gf_ the petitioners further centen{£s_ théttfhe p{;$.¢§;*.e'§' <:5f V Speaker to disquaiify e §<er'jVt::I;s:v':e=:c:s' f§ in a reasonabie manner and tvigfiafeﬂ. It is contended that m'c:«.r¢ than"v§'«.%§zV{;> v$i:;:%a'r'é"'v§;§§§£v'."$apsed from the date of the power couid "a~tV-ghat stage. He relied upon Coart in the cage of MANSARAM 8: OTHERS, reported SCC 1V 2!i;"'wherein it is observed thuszm " accepted withaut question from ffyse abgsé/{ant by Basantrai Sharma ti?! his .. Vcfeﬁtfaiand thereafter. Comic! he be at this x 'V.df$tance af time, threwn om: cm the ground that his initiai entry was unauthorised. T0 ' s'!;'gf2f£;r sfifferenéiy farmuiﬁfé She prapagifian, 176 ceu/d the initiei uneutrzeri'sed eerry, if there be any, permit e House Aiiotment Officer, 22 yeers efter the entry, :50 evier the appe!ien§Hefe:'V"':af'~i..V"v- the short ground that he eetered the premises A in contravention ef Cieuse "

Undoubtedly, power is ceriferr-eigi?

Co/Keefer to see that t,i*:e4__pre'v.isiees sefiesiie Rent Centroi Order whici1'vi«r.:t:iisci0sed_V_ ' policy are effectiveigr. impfeﬁeniied andir" tiie Co//ector therefore, eemes_V .ir1fermetioe {her there is-.3 cenv€;"e.§fen£ft?f?,gihiirzefis"ﬁc/other)' with the contra ve9r7tii.§i:_,. eieeifririg. ."eri§ferve who Comes ii"iz?<3:rzfi'ie'i' cddfreveetion of the prov.ri;siens; {he power is conferred to effeez'«ziete e.pi1rpe:s'e, it has to be exercised irzﬁlieu reasorie-bie manner. Exercise of pewer iri reei.soréa.b/e manner inheres the concept' of ".i2E"s* .,:exereise. within a reasonabie time. 'i ' L_ii?dOv{.i.b'x£iéEjCiiy, no limitation is prescribed in this beheﬁ but one would stand aghast that e V " viieﬁdierd to some extent in perry' de/iete creuid ' "i;e'rn the rabies egeiest Erie persee who was in pessessiee for 22 years es e fenerst Ir: such e sireeiiee eeee reeegh Eire rieese Aiieafmersf' 178 to he in unauthorized occupation, if the District Magistrate was satisfied that there has been undue delay or otherwise inexpeefient to do so, There is no proviso to Clause 28 which e_o_o.fers poWer'_'oo"'V "

the Collector to take necessary e-c:;fieh'*rsfo'r' purpose of securing con3el.ienCe*~;ei'€h thse--"«li?ehi' Control order. But, as eerliei',V._£¥ihe.reV power is conferred so effeci:ore*re"'-3 purpose/it has to be exercises 'lie. es__(§e&?S4ohehle_menner end the reasonable _ .V~e§<9e:rci'se soi':'.'g*;.eV;;«;}er'iriheres its exercise 41}§fitiiih.:;aA rinse. This is too welleséehlislhedforises:-dgh'huftressing by e preczvfedehi; 5;"; _Ho oneris' Vreedil y a veilable in Stete of €:"Lije:re't-\_2;'sr--..?etel Raghev Neiihe, In their ceseV%%Cohimi'ssio}3'er exercised suo motto reyisienel jurisvdiction under Section 211 of Lend Revenue Code which did not period of limitation for exercise revisiioeei jurisdiction. The Commissioner exereisevd revisiehel jurisdiction one year after the vV""Colle<::£or made the order which was ""._V"se§.:ght to be revised, The High Gear: set esicle the order of the Commissioner, ff? {he eoeee! he Séese or' Gi:,.:jere:: 'This Seer:

1?9 declined ta interfere horidirsg inter alia that the revisianaf power in the absence cf prescr:'be3d ~. r._ periacﬁ sf Iimitatim must" be exercised witf2;::+;-3f.'._'__;' ? rezaganabie time and periad cf arm yea?'-.§«v&2:;~.. '% he-Ia' :0 be tea fate. This 1.-;--;s=;~*.~";"i'pe(:i"A §r:*::;:§'i" §§?g;= present to the mind of !%':';u:%: é *TVAi}e.tf:3.:é;:7::f Ofﬁcer before just rushsy-§g'«--.£;j 0%?'-3}': ;1n;:::*:i.;jxe.c;{H technicai contraventian bféaigfai ta? 'fzr'§fiez:i'+;e cantrived by the S%}CC€S.§5}Tf}vf§f.[§'ﬁ.'€?f€$t 51' the deceased landiorcf, ébd' €ﬁ_:a:v"$:ppelfant 22 years aftsg his an:r;<j;:m%9%% yea§sMai%er his retiremc~;r.:z§-- uthét his entry in the ',?ri Egohtravention of The afoEes_air:1_'v--.dé's;is'Ex§Vn, was rendered in a case :' J5?'3'5i"§};~--i:0u't. G5 Re'f1f""'Ct§ntroi Ertactment. In the said hiati&r';'T*§tV:"»--i§=;" by the Apex Court that even if no ' limétaﬁion pﬁéécribed to; initiate action, the exercise of """ v" ";,:@2;e;r $E*s«:.{uid be maﬁa within a reasvonabie time.

_'_i;<i_Q::.a§'ei"s:&5Ar, E5: the casé an hand, having regard is the VT : §'::j-efVc': with whim Tentéx §::hedui.e ﬁg §E'%S€f'§E§ $3; virtue af g EX $3 5,.

180 F'iﬁ:y--See:ond Amendment to the Cenetitutéon, we____are czieariy of the opinion that the paramount object--4ji;v»*arfi'enal}e*.r"

be to safeguard the interest of democratic "

the appiication seekéng disqualificat'ie'::«.%e the ground of delay and lacheg, $:he14':=,1a:m_e we§.;gEe'amee.e«t "

to perpetuating the iiiegaféty, v$i'§ﬂ:<::"§1 runs" the object of the Tenth Scheéule, There cannot be Whenever an authority is V£,'$'3'j'%:B'&A';:::--'%avg'.i~t'}"!,::}':hé'§_ 'E30\5?e.r§""V\*:?*:~e~V'isame should be exercisedvr'rea5e:rﬁ:ab«i§%i-: an7c:.gv-ii:r:ir§"'e'* reasonable period and that wouiﬁ§.Qa'iao'depef3d 'e_rjT'e'«tr§e raatu re of the controversy and the eLri'a<;iizrte'm:A"v_ijtéaer which it arises. As I-': af'ereme'n%:.i'eneci, we "" "are not deciding the inter Se two riva! private partiesa If a /is Z pertains ta' 'c.lVa~irr1éeg any perseeai benefit in faveur of a W""é:v"v4."ea'r'§icL;Ear»Eitigant, the aferesaié principie may be _'_ae1jp.§wi<::e*E;f}«Ee, But ﬁe the matter er: hand, the Cereeiaiete T --«'_§e'ei{&eg déeqeaiéfieatéee are made Er; aceerdaece with the 183 provisions of the Tooth Schedute of the Constitution; which is enacted to sub~serve the oubiic ii'ii:e«2i'est._'..Sii»-.ri_:r;:.ie=, the cortioiaints are made in tho interest of iarge, the complainants cannot an_d.....woutcE'"i*i'oi:::'_g.iﬁii'Vany personal benefit out of the coritro;i;er:§~§_\g*;'iV can exercise jurisdiction by so as to promote the Vi:'i.t;§:res?t'"'o%i_:*;ii'é»o__pobiEc---ano good administration even if The object is to of office or p@i'pe§ZUati:1'.3ii":::§§Ei:. .é3'ii'-- this context, it is reievant >o<i::iiSorf\i:'atEVoHris made by the Apex Court in iiiiei; iicaise i "iii . ':"i~.o£"}<AsHINA m G. JALMI &

4._.ANOTt§_£"'R z~--~v$- ' SPEAKER 8: OTHERS, reported in *.4I'..i?:1.§93v'§L"--f8.73, which read thus:--

A None of these cages relate to the i«vri'if 'o:f qua warrarito and in them the relief 2 oiainiied was onfy for the persona} benefit of 'Effie aiaimant Vi/e are not oersuaded to fioid {fiat on the oasis of these daoisioris, some of ivhigfi 3:6 rgferreoi by ifie iiigfi Coijri, aha % K; F' 182 writ petitions in the present case could have been diemissecil mereiy an the ground of ieches 02' the pefitieners.

Pare 29 : In Heisbury"5 Laws England the statement ef few is f'3r'§.§€3';C>3I'~_.V:"'-::_'::. primarily er; {rive Cieeisierz of the privy..Ceim:'i1:: . in The Lindsay Petroleum Cc:{e>pe'ii;{ 5 PC 221) and these feliowiizg Weheive "

already indicated the iee_'p;;iicebility' decisions in the p_resent___;:ese.~.._» At.'tiie sai???e place one of the det}--'sio'nsi.rer'*erre&:ito, in feet note 3 of para 92E§_,V_ v.~.'«..i?>rej,;?r:'etors of the " eraiiforef/i'c§%r;a:I, (iiisise) LR 2 Equity Cases .71, e ir;e1i"'ierep¢sitian that 'Lashes are the Crown or to the Vgtteerney Qeiéerei suing on behalf of the _ V"i';:1ub"ii(:'."' In fiiis decision distinctien was V 'v44f§E'ﬂ§'€€ﬂ the claim on behalf of the 'V"'p'ublie.v5erid that by an individuai pieintiff iéiediieeiriiﬁg that even though deiey er iaehes * .ie._rne§i..be ettributebie to an individual pieintifii if may not be Se ﬁe en eetieiz breeght en beiieif ef the peeiie. ibis is more 50, when we grieeeeee meee is iiiei e person 3%:

"E 183 crontlnues to held e public effice witheuz': the eu£'herit'y of law, Para 33 : In our opinion the eXe.=*§:i§§e' *' of diszjretlon ev the Ceurt eggfen whe;"e.:"jt!fe*~::: - apnlfcetion is delayed is to pee aloyemld the objective of promeﬁnq infer§;:.;_:~ ll 3 and Good administratiofai--.eie.d eri"l.fl2a't. cannot be said that discrel?g:QHn"wvgoulCl"not? exercised in fav<>Vu.rT:V:li3f fnte>;'fe'reLnee where it is necessary to Crjnvfil;9%._g;e--;7Ce of usurpation office 3» pefeieteeifien of en ;°iiega/:'ts;2 " ' "

also advert to a related4'aspeet;:V.f' :_4L'eie'ie*hed counsel for the ree,oQncfén_l*s':4éere- ufjeble to dispute that any memlﬁervef the public, to whom the ' : "0bfl7C;li,l'€;'l?{l.Ofl'VeS and conduct alleged against e A"'%l?evV'e}ii;e--elleV1%"ts in the present Case, could nel:

"be .-._etf.r§'Z3uted ceuld file such a writ petitlorz Tevee_.«:'now for the same relief; since the V' . _>e'2f_'eg"ee' esureeefee of the effice is ceetlmeng, em' Silvie dieebiliigz er? the gmzme' ef eelieee meéseee eee eenduet zeeele' eei" eéfeef? ie , { ﬁzz, 1 'E . -

184 him, This beina 50, the relief claimed by the appellants in their writ" petitions filed in the High Court beirzq in the nature of e action, witheut seelcirza emf relief eerse_.ee!".teiV'_e.'V. '% them, should not have merely on the qmzmd of leches. ?'.A_Ti'ive or Conduct of the eppeﬂeegs, es. 'e.'legev:d the respondents, in such 'vé"v«.:;§i5z,letien-- be relevant only for eesfs even if their claim :'VbL_:f'if_';tee_eot be a justi'ﬁCa.tl=3f2 _ to . exerréine the merits «pf re__:7secl' elierein, since that is e--rn7e.i.€ier e2'_p{i5lie'Ceneern and relates to {fie efltﬁe State itself, "' ii Arfereiahasis supplied) that the elected person may be of Asserebiy eniy on taking oath,

-f;ar1ne"i:----beeceeeted, inasmuch as, the elected candidate with the Certificate of Eiectien by the ',j.l§fleier::'ir1g Officer immeéieteiy 0:': his electéem ee eeii-sigieee in eerie Ne.,22 under REJES ee ef the Ceneuc: ef 2:.

'g' 183 Election Rules, 1961. However, the member of the Legisiative Asserribiy before taking his seat, subscribe before the Governor or eome oersoiirap:ooi'irhieo"r on his behaif, an oath or affirmatiohgras pep;éi§i.icaia'iiivaer<. of the Constitution of India. pciviereiig. ijecause_'v_i_i:he administered to him on he cannot be treated as .'v,'re§3reseVrii:aiicive or a r1on--member of__ the a narrow interﬁretaizioh Raaiiivarma Kumar is given, it xivillzv oiiose, inasmuch as, every eieictiezfigrepr'eee'.ntati've would switch over his loyaity a1i°t:e<_r* and before taking oath _i.V.depen;§§'ihg~ on V'tii«e::v__o_eAriefit that wouici accrue to him ".;r»re;;p.ecti_ve=.._o'f__ earlier effiiiation and wouid ciaim iminﬁo'rii'it~,iV,' cannot be permitted. Accordingly, the 'c_onterit.io}}_ is noticed oriiy to be rejected. Thee, having rieticeo aii aspects ef the matter, .«:ci§ge_iiare of the view that the impugrieo order oaeseei ey 186 the Speaker is hot in vioiation of censtitutiohai mandate I'i{)3" is there any infirmity based om male perversity.

55. Before parting, we cieiemi.it",oe«eeeeat3i--1'«'to'*V« observe that even though one :g.et1e:~ai_~_iApe'rr:eo't.i'oe"~ de-i:ors the subject matter iniitzifféfed, itmiaye that the proceedings were Speaker at an undesirable paceggvhat CVE3vEfii.¥iv€3fk."iVZi:@::iO"S'tT'Sié}f3i:"Of is that the present proceeeiiérﬁjaLjh<fier:vt'he*~Tenth Scheciuie to the Coh$viti't'U't*i'afi, D":*oa\.i-i'sio'r"js"'irﬁtroduced by the Fifty»- Secoed the few of the eiected teprese_ritatiVesV_'V V.' '.%nti'*_etii"Liced by the eiecteci I-iii§*epreee'ntativ*es, is for the regulation of the t'e.hxd.aot'o1'».tVi3eV"te§'e-cted representatives themseives. The Z _most"~.ire;f;vos'tva?nAt aspect is that the Constitution (Fiftyw itH"':v"v4."'--S'ecoth.d iﬁsireendmeht) Biii was passed uhahimousiy with 4t_aiE"'th'e"e18 membete ereeeht, vetieg in faveut of the Biii. T --:'.':iitf'h'iiie ceesitietihg such iaw, we eheeioi ge sttietiy by the 187 semi; and object, which is discernible frem the debate made in the Periiement and the eariier decisEenS"e§'ftfé'e Herfbie Supreme Court which have been above. In that context, the fact t:E'1%:§i:"e.E§_n'1AitatEe't§._ef tiAb1e'*w« to shew cause has been fixed fer t'hVemse»"Ey%e's'v Rules will Show that thet""e«eb:feceed'E"b_esAt:".5b'eeVEe be Concluded exgaeditieush;/:';"«-._ ebe. of tbej iearned Judges expressing His Le_rjci$.bi,bfé Mayawatfs case (cited sabre) h.;a7:; eb'éer§?'e.d"'es«--eneer :

;,e'e.};*I% m}i$_h"'£Vci; add that it is for every Speekertt .15» schedule in the gfeieyenjf V-.V;§J'ies bfo} disposal of the "':e----,er0.Cee'dings'V fvcifdisqua/ification Of MLAS' ' In my opinion, all such tp'r¢%ce5e:;z2égs shall be Concfuded and V "."er0"ef9sv§h0u/d be passed within a peried .. ___ez; tbree weeks from the date or: which n * ﬁbe petitferzs are taken an fife; "

2

5% e 188 The above observations wouid indicate the desire that the entire proceedings under aii circun*xsJie_'e.ce$ Sheuid be cempieted ir": an outer £im§t of three not earfier, even in cases where"fh'ereé_ is recerd evidence. Therefefe, eu__cE1.V ef eEee%'eci"~. representatives who induige ce:1*cf_§J'et:"we'"évcvﬁVVVIeads to disquaiiﬁcation sh01.§E'd._ earmet make out a grieveece Jaw catches up with there procedure and technicaiitiesc,

56.:"'._It' is that democracy is the basic featuVr9e«..Ao'f V{:h.eA'~Co'e"étitutEon. it is by now Wei! ,3 rE"gV hL"~~~te eiect though is fundamentai to 'c3eur:r*;Vc)_<'::'2a:c3:, ~ "§..$:,"1..anomaéousiy enough, neither a fUi"¥CZf£¥.E%1€{}7C'?}el:A'::'FiAQ.?3t nor a. cemmen Jaw right, but, is a "~z5i:'f«._S'"é:a§L;t0r§x./fight. So is the right te be eiected. Outside ee1"--..e'Ee?:.:§:teF {here is es right te be efected. The eéeciierz '::'_4'ee.e5duetee at eegeier; prescribed éetervefe is eseeniéeé '%:e 2%» 11,.-

f' 189 the demecratéc system envisaged m the Constitution. So is the need ta prefect: and sustain the pe:*"ét'gk':'e.f'L:'-tjéve electerai preceee right frem the date ef Cer1":'§§f:i'er2:ee'r'e'ez;§§4'e ef eiection process {iii the comp¥eti'e'ré"ef_ fhe.; :e_f-the". Heuee. The eiected members areV4d._L£t;z_ bouféV;iiAEe adE=j:e*~;{e'= stréctiy te the democratic'""'~e:ermsV. themseives subject Svveheduiek The mandate ef the eie§;tQ:r*§a:.i;e.v _iVe the same has to be fer' of the House.

The elecﬁéee held out to the efecteraie ef.e_e%e_c€ion have to be maintained. Any deviafE'ee;_§ of amount to betrayef of _i:he eleetforate v§!i1e ?:jas&:reposed cenfidence in the eiected 'v.=fn»e;:j§1--bVer,_:_W*e:"i'2.Qpe and trust that the eiected members of'. 'Airﬁeld realése the avewed object of the 'Tenth "S.cExeec.!i:1|e in erder to prevent Lmhoiy atmosphere E52" AA:B%e'~«_.House and aiso in the society. The eiecteci 'V""e.._ fr2eV£nbers sheéi etrengthen the fabric ef indies:

2:"

2\$§:w/; 4 W% 190 Pariiamentary Democracy by curbing unprincépled am Lmethécai poE%ti<:a£ defections, For an the aforestated reasons, we see :_1;iG"*;ﬁ.i1j«e:.tf§i:}7%;_:"i the conteratiarzs raiged on behaif of the»v--g5jei:%ti~rjr':er':;}"

Accordingiy, all thege writ p@t§{:»i1;3r::-3~.tive4%§i1g;#- Cieii<j§jd__'s5f merit, stand dismissed.

Rate is discharged, _ Parties to bear the§aEc;_wh' %%%%% Si/'L EEZES-'€33 .r'E,-'am 1%;

§;§E§E A «A $<§§<,fai<C;'gs*.§;'Ci<f~

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