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[Cites 7, Cited by 0]

Gujarat High Court

Divisional Controller vs Raghuveersinh Danubhai Zala on 9 July, 2018

Author: K.M.Thaker

Bench: K.M.Thaker

         C/SCA/11864/2016                                       JUDGMENT



            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

             R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 11864 of 2016


FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:
HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.M.THAKER                                     Sd/-

1     Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to             Yes
      see the judgment ?

2     To be referred to the Reporter or not ?                         Yes

3     Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the         No
      judgment ?

4     Whether this case involves a substantial question of law         No
      as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any
      order made thereunder ?


                          DIVISIONAL CONTROLLER
                                   Versus
                       RAGHUVEERSINH DANUBHAI ZALA
Appearance:
MR HARDIK C RAWAL(719) for the PETITIONER(s) No. 1
DECEASED LITIGANT(100) for the RESPONDENT(s) No. 1
MR. CR BUDDHADEV(6707) for the RESPONDENT(s) No. 1.1

    CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.M.THAKER

                               Date : 09/07/2018
                               ORAL JUDGMENT

Heard   Mr.   Raval,   learned   advocate   for  petitioner and learned advocate for respondent.

2. The  award  dated  10.7.2015  passed   by learned  Industrial Tribunal at Rajkot in Reference No.197  of 2006 is challenged in present petition.

2.1 By   impugned   award   the   learned   Tribunal  Page 1 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT directed   present   petitioner   to   treat   the   period  from   31.5.2004   (when   the   petitioner   relieved  present   respondent   from   service   on   the   ground  that   he   attained   age   of   superannuation)   to  30.09.2007   as   notional   so   far   as   payment   of  actual   benefits   (salary   etc.)   is   concerned,  however,   to   take   into   account   the   said   period  (i.e. from 31.5.2004 to 30.09.2007)as period "in  service"   rendered   by   the   respondent   and   to  calculate retiral benefits by taking into account  revision   in   salary   etc.,   and   to   pay   retiral  benefits   accordingly   without   payment   of   arrears  of   salary   and   other   benefits   during   the   said  period. 

3. So far as factual backdrop is concerned, it  has   emerged   from   the   record   and   from   rival  submissions   by   learned   advocate   for   the  contesting parties that the petitioner appointed  present   respondent   as   driver,   in   1968.   At   the  time when the respondent came to be appointed the  employer   (present   petitioner)   entered   certain  details,   including   the   date   of   birth   of   the  respondent, in its record.

The  petitioner  claimed  that  the  said   detail  was   recorded   on   the   basis   of   school   leaving  certificate.

3.1 It appears that at the time of respondent's  Page 2 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT entry   in   the   service   with   present   petitioner,  12.5.1946  was  entered  into  Register  as the  date  of birth of the respondent.

3.2 It appears that so far as official record is  concerned,   the   said   date   continued   to   exist   on  corporation's   record,   without   any   alteration   or  modification.

3.3 The   petitioner   claims   that   in   the   service  book,   the   same   date   i.e.   12.5.1946   was   entered  as the date of birth of the respondent. Even the  said record continued to exist, unaltered, until  the respondent, according to petitioner's record,  attained the age of superannuation (58 years, in  May, 2004).

3.4 The   petitioner   also   claims   that   from   1968  until May, 2004, when the respondent came to be  relieved   from   service   on   the   ground   that   he  attained   age   of   superannuation,   the   respondent  never   raised   any   objection   with   regard   to   the  details mentioned in the record.

3.5 On   the   strength   of   said   details,   the  respondent   came   to   be   relieved   from   service   on  31.5.2004. 

It   is   also   claimed   that   before   actually  relieving   the   respondent   from   service   on  Page 3 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT 31.5.2004, the Corporation had issued intimation­ cum­order dated 13.5.2004 that shall be relieved  from service, on attaining age of superannuation  (58 years) on and from 31.5.2004. The petitioner  claims   that   even   at   that   stage,   the   respondent  did not raise any objection.

3.6 Above mentioned facts are not in dispute. The  corporation   claims   that   the   respondent   did   not  raise   any   dispute   during   the   said   period   i.e.  from 1968 to May, 2004 and even after service of  intimation­cum­order on 13.5.2004 and he did not  raise any dispute for almost two years after he  came   to   be   actually   relieved   on   31.5.2004.  According to the Corporation the respondent, for  the   first   time,   raised   dispute   in   2006   i.e.  almost 2 years after he came to be relieved from  service   on   the   ground   of   superannuation.  Thereafter   in   2006,   the   respondent   raised  industrial   dispute  on the  ground  that  though  he  would   have   attained   age   of   superannuation   in  September, 2007, the corporation wrongly relieved  him from service on the ground of superannuation  in   May,   2004.   With   said   allegation,   claimant  raised   the   dispute   in   2006   which   came   to   be  referred   by   appropriate   Government   to   learned  Tribunal. 

3.7 The   claimant,   in   his   statement   of   claim  Page 4 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT before   learned   Tribunal,   alleged   that   his   birth  date   is   29.5.1949   but   corporation   wrongly  recorded his birth date as 12.5.1946 and that in  light of the correct date of his birth he should  have   been   continued   in   service   until   September,  2007 however the corporation wrongly relieved him  from   service   on   May,   2004.   With   the   said  allegation   the   claimant   demanded   consequential  benefits.

3.8 The   claimant,   to   support   and   justify   his  claim with regard to his birth date, essentially  relied   on   six   documents   namely   (a)   Pan   Card  issued   by   Income   Tax   department;(b)   Driving  licence   issued   by   Transport   authority;(c)  Application which he submitted, during tenure of  his  service,   for availing  House  Loan  wherein  he  mentioned   his   birth   date   as   25.9.1949   and   the  Corporation had accepted the details mentioned in  the   Application   as   correct   details;   (d)   the  Identity   card   issued   by   the   Corporation   which,  according to the claimant, reflected 25.9.1949 as  his   birth   date;   (e)   School   leaving   Certificate  which also reflects 25.9.1949 as his birth date;  and   (f)   birth   certificate,   which   also   reflects  25.9.1949 as his birth date.

3.9 The Corporation opposed the reference and the  demand by the claimant (present respondent). The  Page 5 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT Corporation   reiterated   above   mentioned   details  and  facts,  with  emphasis   on the submission   that  the claimant had never raised dispute with regard  to   the   details   mentioned   in   the   record   of   the  corporation and that even after May, 2004 when he  came   to   be   actually   relieved   from   service   the  claimant   did   not   raise   dispute   for   almost   2  years, and he raised the dispute, with the said  claim, in 2006. 

So as to justify its decision and action, the  corporation   relied   on   2   documents   namely   the  application   submitted   by   the   claimant   (at   the  time when he applied for service) and the service  book.

3.10 Learned   Labour   Court   rejected   the   reference  and   reached   to   the   conclusion,   in   light   of   the  documents available on record that the workman's  claim   about   his   birth   date   and   his   objection  against corporation's action is justified and his  claim that his birth date is 25.9.1949 and that  therefore,   he   should   have   been   continued   in  service   until   September,   2007   is   correct.   The  learned   Tribunal,   having   reached   to   such  conclusion, directed the Corporation to consider  the period from May, 2004 to September, 2007 as  period in service, but so far as actual payment  of  benefits  is  concerned,  the said  period  shall  be considered notional, however, retired benefits  Page 6 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT shall   be   revised   by   treating   the   respondent   in  service until September, 2007. Feeling aggrieved  by   the   said   direction,   Corporation   filed   this  petition. 

4. Mr.   Raval   assailed   the   award   on   the   ground  that the learned Court failed to appreciate gross  and inordinate delay on the part of the claimant.  Learned advocate for the Corporation also placed  reliance   on   the   Circular   issued   by   the  Corporation which provide that to raise dispute,  if any, with regard to details mentioned in the  record,   the   employee   must   submit   the   grievance  within   time   limit   fixed   under   the   Circular.   He  also   contended   that   the   dispute   raised   by   the  claimant   almost   2   years   after   he   was   actually  relieved  from  service,   should  not and  could  not  have been entertained, more particularly because  at any point of time while the respondent was in  service and/ or even after he came to be actually  relieved from service the claimant had not raised  such   grievance   and   that   therefore,   at   such  grossly belated stage such claim should not have  been   considered.   Learned   advocate   for   the  Corporation   also   submitted   that   the   learned  Tribunal   committed   error   in   not   taking   into  account the details mentioned in the application  submitted   by   the   applicant   at   the   time   when   he  applied for service and/ or the details mentioned  Page 7 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT in the service book. 

The  learned  advocate   for  the  respondent,   on  the other hand, submitted that his birth date is  25.9.1949   and   not   12.5.1946   and   that   the  documents   which   he   placed   on   record   established  said   fact.   He   submitted   that   the   delay   cannot  come   in   his   way.   He   submitted   that   the  Corporation   committed   mistake   in   recording   the  details   and   that   the   details   recorded   are  contrary   to   the   documents   on   record   and   that  therefore, the award should not be disturbed and  petition should be rejected.

5. I   have   considered   rival   submissions   and  material available on record as well as impugned  order passed by learned Tribunal. 

6. In   present   case,   documentary   evidence   is  overwhelmingly in favour of the workman.

6.1 Besides  this,  the  fact  that  the  corporation  was   negligent   and   it   committed   mistake   due   to  negligence is evident from the record.

6.2 The   corporation   has,   therefore,   essentially  assailed  the  award  on the only  ground  available  to it viz. delay. 

6.3 It is submitted that the learned Tribunal did  Page 8 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT not  consider   the delay  caused  by  the respondent  in   raising   dispute   and   the   learned   Tribunal  committed error by disregarding the objection by  the corporation or by rejecting the objection on  ground of delay but not rejecting the reference.

6.4 So   as   to   emphasise   the   said   contention,  learned   advocate   for   the   petitioner   corporation  reiterated   that   the   respondent   workman   did   not  raise   any   grievance   with   regard   to   the   entry  related to the date of birth in the service book,  during entire tenure of service, i.e. from 1968­ 69 to 2004. 

The   other   aspect   or   other   stage   of   delay  which   the   learned   advocate   for   the   corporation  emphasised, is the period of about 15 days after  the   corporation   passed   order   on   13.5.2004   and  informed the workman that he shall be relieved on  31.5.2004   on   superannuation   (since   he   would  attain   58   years   of   age   on   12.5.2004).     It   is  claimed   that   according   to   the   Rules   of   the  corporation,   the   respondent   would   retire   on  superannuation   at 58 years  of age  and according  to the record of the corporation, he attained 58  years of age on 11.5.2004 and therefore, he would  retire   on   superannuation   with   effect   from  31.5.2004.  In that view of the matter, order was  passed   on   13.5.2004   and   it   was   served   to   the  respondent.   The   respondent   according   to   the  Page 9 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT corporation,   did   not   raise   any   grievance   or  dispute between 13.5.2004 and 31.5.2004. 

The   third   stage   in   light   of   which   the  petitioner has emphasised objection on ground of  delay,   is   the   period   from   1.6.2004   to   2006  inasmuch   as,   during   the   said   period,   the  respondent,   after   having   been   removed   from  service on 31.5.2004, did not raise dispute until  2006.  

6.5 The   said   factual   aspect   is   not   disputed   by  learned   advocate   for   the   respondent.   Of   course,  learned advocate for the respondent submitted and  clarified that the communication dated 13.4.2004  was   not   an   advance   intimation   but   the  communication was in fact order of retirement and  actually   any   advance   intimation   in   accordance  with   the   Rules   of   the   corporation   was   not  issued / served to the respondent.

6.6 Even   if   the   said   submission   by   learned  advocate   for   the   respondent   with   regard   to   the  communication dated 13.5.2004 is accepted and the  said   communication   is   not   treated   as   advance  intimation but the order to retire the respondent  on   ground   of   superannuation   with   effect   from  31.5.2004,   then   also   the   respondent   cannot   deny  that he had opportunity to inform the corporation  that   the   date   which   is   considered   by   the  Page 10 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT corporation  as the  date of  birth  (12.5.1946)  is  incorrect   and   actually   his   birth   date   is  25.9.1949.   Undisputedly, such objection was not  raised   by   the   respondent   before   he   came   to   be  actually relieved from service on 31.5.2004.  

7. The   question,   however,   which   arise   before  this   Court,   in   this   backdrop,   is   that   (a)  whether, merely on this ground, the decision and  award   passed   by   the   learned   Tribunal   can   be  declared unjust, incorrect and perverse; and (b)  whether the respondent's failure to approach the  corporation   with   objection   against   the   entry   in  the   record   or   with   a   request   to   make   necessary  correction   in   the   record,   should   deprive   the  petitioner   from   the   benefit   which   should,  otherwise,   be   available   to   him   in   light   of  correct birth date.

8. It   is   necessary   to   keep   in   focus   the   fact  that   present   case   is   not   a   case   where   (i)   the  workman  does  not have  cogent  evidence  about  his  birth  date;  and/or   (ii) there  is  discrepancy  in  respect   of   the   relevant   details   mentioned   in  documents   and   one   out   of   the   two   (or   more)  documents   reflect   different   or   conflicting  details   and   the   dispute   about   correct   date   is  raised   wherein   one   side   relies   on   one   set   of  documents   whereas   other   side   banks   on   different  Page 11 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT set   of   documents;   or   where   (iii)   the   workman  seeks correction without any supporting document.

8.1 It is pertinent to note that in light of the  documents  placed   on record  by the  claimant   viz.  PAN   card,   driving   licence,   birth   certificate,  school leaving certificate and ­ more important ­  the  identity   card issued   by the corporation,  it  is   apparent   that   the   respondent's   claim   and  assertion about his birth date and the fact that  the   corporation   committed   mistake   in   recording  relevant details, are established beyond doubt. 

8.2 It   is   relevant   to   note   that   there   is   no  discrepancy - about relevant detail (birth date) 

-   in   any   document   and   the   details   mentioned   in  all   documents   are   identical   and   consistent.   In  all   documents   the   same   date   (25.9.1949)   is  mentioned as the respondent's birth date.

8.3 In  present  case,   the  corporation   has  failed  to   place   any   material   on   record   which   would  controvert   the   said   6   documents.   Yes,   the  corporation has, of course, placed two documents  but   the   said   documents   are   those   wherein   the  corporation has committed mistake while recording  / filling­up the details (birth date).

8.4 On   top   of   everything   is   the   document   i.e.  Page 12 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT Identity   Card,   which   is   issued   by   the  corporation.   In   the   said   document,   the  corporation   itself   has   recorded   29.5.1949   as  respondent's  birth  date.  Further,  it is not  the  case   even   of   the   corporation   that   said   6  documents   or   any   one   or   more   are   fabricated  document(s).

9. Actually, in light of said 6 documents, any  serious dispute about birth date is not raised or  pressed  in service   even by  the corporation.  The  corporation has, actually, opposed the claim only  on one and solitary ground - delay.

10. Therefore, it is necessary to consider:­ [a] can delay aid - or can delay be allowed  to aid and shield negligence; or  [b] should   a   very   relevant   fact   duly  supported   by   overwhelming   documentary  evidence   yield   to   the   plea   on   ground   of  delay;

[c] should   the   Court   allow   the   wrong­doer  take advantage of its own negligence - wrong  and deny the remedy and relief to the workman  on solitary ground of delay;

[d] True it is that delay defeats equity but  can it be allowed to protect negligence and  the   wrong   doer   get   benefit   of   its   wrong  action; and  Page 13 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT [e] Should,   therefore,   such   objection  prevail  over   the  fact  established  by  cogent  documentary evidence.

10.1 In light of the facts of present case, it has  emerged that on one hand there are as many as six  cogent   documents   which   support   and   justify   the  respondent's   objection   against   corporation's  decision and action as well as against the entry  in   service   book   and   it   also   strengthens   or  fortifies   the   decision   taken   by   the   learned  Tribunal and the final conclusion recorded by the  learned Tribunal. 

10.2 On the other hand, the only weapon employed  by   the   corporation   to   assail   the   decision   and  final   direction   by   the   learned   Tribunal   is  inaction of the petitioner in getting the record  corrected during tenure of his service or even at  the time when the order retiring him from service  came to be passed. 

11. True it is that an employee cannot wake up at  the   fag   end   of   the   tenure   of   service   and   he  cannot   claim   that   the   official   record   (details  mentioned  in  the official  record  with  regard  to  the date of his birth) is incorrect and that such  belated   claim   should   be,   ordinarily,   not  encouraged.  At the  same time,  the  employer   also  Page 14 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT cannot   act   irresponsibly   or   arbitrarily   and  cannot  record   any   date   as   birth   date   of   an  employee   without   supporting   material   or   without  taking into account cogent evidence. 

12. However, in cases where the employer, despite  relevant   documents,   records   incorrect   details   -  contrary   to   the   documents   -   and   then   relies   on  the situation where the employee could not or did  not take action for getting the details recorded  in   the   official   registers   corrected,   the  responsibility and obligation to clarify (and to  satisfy the Court about) the basis or material on  strength   of   which   the   entry   in   official   record  came   to   be   made.     The   said   responsibility   and  obligation is on the employer, more so when it is  nobody's   claim   that   the   workmen   did   not   submit  any document with details about birth­date. 

12.1 The employer cannot hide behind the delay, on  part of the workman, in raising objection against  incorrect entry. 

12.2 In   first   place,   the   employer   should   offer  explanation   about   the   base   or   source   of   the  details   recorded   in   the   register.   Without  clarifying said aspect, the employer cannot hide  behind the delay in raising dispute. 




                            Page 15
       C/SCA/11864/2016                           JUDGMENT



13. The corporation was obliged to clarify as to  whether the entry in the official record came to  be   made   by   taking   into   account   the   birth  certificate   of   the   employee   or   school   leaving  certificate   of   the   concerned   employee   or   after  getting   the   employee   undergo   medical   text   (i.e.  ossification   test)   examination   and   on   the   basis  of the certificate issued by the doctor or merely  on   any  ipse   dixit  and   without   any   cogent  material. 

14. In this context, it is pertinent to note that  the  rules  prescribed  by the  corporation  and  the  administrative   instruction   issued   from   time   to  time   provide,   inter   alia,   that   at   the   time   of  appointment,   the   employee   should   submit   proof  about   date   of   birth.   The   rules   and   instruction  further   provide   that   in   the   event   the   employee  does   not   possess   or   does   not   submit   relevant  document,   then,   the   date   of   birth   of   such  appointee will be determined by means of medical  examination.

14.1 It   is   relevant   to   note   that  it   is   not   the  case  even   of   the   corporation   that   since   the  petitioner had not submitted any document at the  time   of   selection   process   or   at   the   time   of  appointment,   he   was   asked   to   undergo   medical  examination   and   the   date   which   is   mentioned   in  Page 16 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT the   application   form/   service   book   are   on   the  basis of certificate of medical officer. Not only  the   corporation   did   not   set   up   such   defence   or  did   not   offer   such   explanation   but   the  corporation   could   not   and   did     not   place   on  record   the   certificate/report   of   the   medical  officer. 

15. On the other hand, the corporation, according  to its own administrative  circulars/instructions  and   orders,   was   obliged   to   follow   prescribed  procedure i.e. if an employee does not submit any  document about the birth date and if there is no  cogent and reliable material, then, the appointee  should   be   directed   to   undergo   ossification  test  and   the   report/certificate   issued   by   the   doctor  should,   in   that   event,   be   taken   into  consideration   and   the   birth   date   should   be  recorded   on   the   basis   of   medical   officer's  report/certificate   so   that   there   is,   atleast,  some   base   for   recording   the   birth   date   in   the  record but the entry cannot be made on ipse dixit  or on sheer guesswork.

16. In   present   case,  it   was   the   corporation's  obligation   to   explain   the   discrepancy   in   the  entry   in   the   service   book   as   against   the   birth  date mentioned in the school leaving certificate  and the birth certificate. 


                            Page 17
       C/SCA/11864/2016                          JUDGMENT




16.1 However,  the  corporation has not established  that   the   workman   did   not   submit   any   document  and/or that any cogent and reliable material was  not   available   and   that   therefore,   the   claimant  was   directed   to   pass   through   ossification   test  and   the   birth   date   which   is   reflected   in   the  register is on the basis of the report of Medical  officer. 

The  fact   that  such  instruction  or  direction  was   not   given   to   the   claimant   and   he   was   not  directed   to   pass   through   the   said   test   would  establish   either   (a)   that   the   claimant   had  submitted   relevant   document   and   that   therefore,  the entry was to be made but it was not made - on  the basis of document submitted by the claimant;  or   (b)   that   though   the   claimant   did   not   submit  any document, the corporation did not follow its  own   instruction   and   it   did   not   follow   the  prescribed   procedure   and   recorded   birth   date  merely   on  ipsi   dixit  and   without   requiring   the  workman to pass through ossification test. 

In   both   the   eventualities,   the   conduct   and  action of the corporation would be bad, contrary  to its own administrative orders and unjust.

16.2 The corporation has also failed to offer any  explanation   or   reply   with   regard   to   the  discrepancy and also about the material which it  Page 18 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT had   taken   into   account   while   recording   the  details in the  service book.  From the documents  on record of learned Tribunal, it comes out that  the   respondent   was   in   possession   of   birth  certificate   as   well   as   school   leaving  certificate. 

17. It is also pertinent to note that there is no  discrepancy   between   the   said   documents   with  regard   to   relevant   date   and   that  birth  certificate as well as school leaving certificate  reflect, without any contradiction or difference,  the same date as the claimant's birth date i.e.  29.5.1949   and   neither   in   the   birth   certificate  nor in the school leaving certificate, 12.5.1946  is mentioned as claimant's birth date. 

Under   the   circumstances,   there   was   nothing  before   the corporation   on the strength  of which  12.5.1946 could have been derived and entered as  claimant's birth date. 

18. In   light   of   the   fact   that   the   entry   is  contrary   to   the   said   documents,   it   is   apparent  that   both   documents   viz.   birth   certificate   and  school leaving certificate have been ignored and  the   date   entered   into   the   service   book   is  contrary   made   without   any   basis   or   on  corporation's whims and mere ipse dixit. 




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18.1 In   the   first   place,   any   entry   in   the  register/service   book   could   not   have   been   made  without   regard   to   or   contrary   to   birth  certificate or school leaving certificate. 

18.2 Secondly, the reason for not considering said  document   should   be   recorded,   or   at   least   it  should have been informed to the Court. 

18.3 Thirdly,   if   any   other   document/material   was  considered then it should have been mentioned and  reason   should  have  informed  to  the claimant  and  the   Court.   Further,   if   it  is   assumed   that   the  claimant   had   not   submitted   any   document   at   the  time   of   selection   process   or   at   the   time   of  appointment,   then,   the   corporation   was   under 

obligation   to   get   the   appointee   (the   claimant)  medically   examined   and   to   record   birth   date   of  such   employee   on   the   basis   of   doctor's  certificate. 
18.4 However,   the   corporation,   undisputedly,   did  not follow said procedure.

The   cumulative   effect   of   above   mentioned  facts   and   foregoing   discussion   establishes   that  the entry in claimant's service book is result of  corporation's negligence.

Now,   the   corporation   wants   to   hide   its  negligence under the cover of delay caused by the  Page 20 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT claimant in raising the dispute.

19. In present case, the corporation ignored the  procedure, the formalities and the requirements. 

19.1 The   fact   that   the   entry   in   the   record   is  strikingly   contrary   to   the   said   documents  establish   that   the   corporation   was   careless   and  negligent   or   it   blatantly   recorded   incorrect  date.

19.2 A   wrong   doer   cannot   take   and   cannot   be  permitted   to   take   advantage   of   the   mistake   (or  wrong) committed by it. 

At   this   stage,   reference   can   be   had   to   the  decision   in   case   of  Bhartiya   Seva   Samaj   Trust   through   President   &   Anr.   v.   Yogeshbhai   Ambalal   Patel & Anr.  [(2012) 9 SCC 310]  wherein Hon'ble  Apex Court observed, inter alia, that:­ "28. A person alleging his own infamy cannot be heard at any  forum, what to talk of a Writ Court, as explained by the legal  maxim   'allegans   suam   turpitudinem   non   est   audiendus'.   If   a  party has committed a wrong, he cannot be permitted to take the  benefit of his own wrong. (Vide: G. S. Lamba and Ors. v. Union  of India and Ors., AIR 1985 SC 1019; Narender Chadha and Ors.  v. Union of India and Ors., AIR 1986 SC 638; Molly Joseph alias  Nish v. George Sebastian alias Joy, AIR 1997 SC 109 : (1996 AIR  SCW 4267); Ashok Kapil v. Sona Ullah (1996) 6 SCC 342 : (1996  AIR SCW 3180); and T. Srinivasan v. T. Varalakshmi (Mrs.), AIR  1999   SC   595   :   (1998   AIR   SCW   3885)).   This   concept   is   also  explained  by the legal maxims ' Commodum ex injuria sua nemo  habere debet '; and ' nullus commodum capere potest de injuria  sua propria '. (See also: Eureka Forbes Ltd. v. Allahabad Bank  and Ors. (2010) 6 SCC 193 : (AIR 2011 SC (Civ) 2538 : 2010 AIR  SCW   3429);   and   Inderjit   Singh   Grewal   v.   State   of   Punjab   and  Anr. (2011) 12 SCC 588 : (2011 AIR SCW 6259))."

                                                          (emphasis supplied)




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20. In either case or even if the said entry is  considered a mistake, the employee cannot be made  victim for the wrong done by the corporation and  he cannot be put to suffer the loss, particularly  the loss in retiral benefits. 

21. There   is   another   perspective   which   has  emerged from the award. The learned Labour Court  has, on verification of the document available on  record of the reference case, found a remark put  by   the   officer   of   the   corporation   on   the  application   form/service   book   which   gives   out  that the entry in the register/record was made on  the basis of school leaving certificate. The said  remark   by   the   officer   establishes   that   the  workman had submitted relevant documents, atleast  the school leaving certificate.

21.1 In  that  view   of the  matter,  it  was  for  the  corporation to explain the source from which the  corporation   derive   the   incorrect   (or   altogether  different)   date   and   as   to   how   a   different   date  i.e.   date   different   from   the   date   mentioned   in  birth   certificate   as   well   as   in   school   leaving  certificate,  came  to be recorded  in the  service  book.   The   corporation   failed   to   explain   this  discrepancy as well.

22. On   top   of   this,   important   aspect   of   this  Page 22 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT matter   is   that   the   corporation   itself   had  prepared and issued identity card to the workman.  In   the   said   document   (identity   card)   the  corporation   mentioned   29.5.1949   as   claimant's  birth   date.   The   petitioner   corporation,   in   this  view   of   the   matter,   cannot   escape   from   the  implications and effect of said document.

23. The  respondent  also  placed  on  record   before  the learned Tribunal his application for housing  loan   which   he   submitted   in   1997.   In   the   said  application,   the   respondent's   birth   date   is  mentioned as 29.5.1949. 

23.1 A glance at the photocopy of said application  reflects   that   the   said   document   was   on   record  before   learned   Tribunal   at   Exh.16   and   that   the  details   mentioned   in   the   application   were   duly  verified   by   the   corporation's   officer   before  approving and sanctioning the loan. 

23.2 The   said   two   documents   do   not   permit   the  corporation to take up any other contention. 

23.3 Of   course,   there   are   couple   of   other  documents   as   well   i.e.   PAN   card   and   driving  licence   which   also,   in   addition   to   birth  certificate   and   school   leaving   certificate,  reflect 25.9.1949 as respondent's birth date. 


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24. When so many documents reflect the same date  as the respondent's birth date and when there is  no   discrepancy   amongst   any   of   said   5   documents  with regard to respondent's birth date, there was  no   defence   and   explanation   available   for   the  corporation   to   support   and   justify   its   action  and/or the details mentioned in the service book. 

25. Further,   a   glance   at   the   application   form  (which is pressed in service by the corporation)  gives out that it was undisputedly filled up by  some person other than present respondent. Even a  cursory   glance   at   the   details   mentioned   in   the  application gives out that the hand writings are  not of the respondent. The said form cannot come  to   the   rescue   of   the   corporation,   more  particularly in light of the identity card which  is   issued   by   the   corporation   and   said   document  reflects   the   same   date   which   is   mentioned   in  school   leaving   certificate,   birth   certificate,  PAN   card,   driving   licence   and   house   loan  application. 

26. In   this   background,   the   corporation   had   no  other  ground   or justification  to defend  or  even  explain its action and/or to justify the entry in  the   service   book   (which   are   apparently   contrary  to   the   details   mentioned   in   above   mentioned   5  Page 24 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT documents)   and   that   therefore,   the   corporation  raised the only contention which was available to  it to oppose the claim of respondent i.e. delay  in raising dispute. 

26.1 Of   course,   the   corporation   made   a   lame   and  feeble   and   half   heartedly   attempt   to   take  advantage of and use the application form. In the  said   form   incorrect   birth   date   (i.e.   12.5.1946)  is mentioned. In light of said application form,  the  corporation  tried  to  claim  that the  workman  mentioned   sale   date   (i.e.   12.5.1946)   in   the  application form. When both documents i.e. school  leaving certificate as well as birth certificate  reflected the same date as the date of birth of  respondent, the corporation cannot put the blame  on the respondent's shoulders because the workman  himself in any case would not mention any other  date   as   the   date   of   his   birth   (i.e.   any   date  other   than   the   date   mentioned   in   the   birth  certificate   and   school   leaving   certificate).  Further,   the   corporation   overlooks   the   fact   and  has failed to explain the fact that the document  prepared and issued by the corporation (Identity  Card)   reflects   correct   birth   date.   So,   if   the  documents were not available with the corporation  and   if   the   workman   had   not   submitted   the  documents,   then,   how   could   the   corporation  mention   correct   date   in   the   Identity   Card.   The  Page 25 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT corporation   failed   to   answer   and   explain   this  issue also.

27. When   the   facts   are   gross   and   all   documents  support   the   case   of   the   claimant   and   the   said  documents   conjointly   establish   that   while  recording   details   in   the   service   book   the  corporation neglected relevant document and made  incorrect   entry   contrary   to   the   documents,   then  the corporation cannot be allowed to take benefit  of its own wrong and/or it cannot be allowed to  take disadvantage and benefit of the delay caused  in   raising   the   dispute,   more   particularly   when  the   learned   Tribunal   has,   having   regard   to   the  delay   caused   in   raising   dispute,   moulded   the  relief by denying backwages to the claimant i.e.  present respondent. 

27.1 Having regard to the facts and circumstances  of   the   case,   this   Court   is   of   the   view   that  despite such facts of present case, if the case  of  the corporation   is accepted,  it would  amount  to   permitting   the   corporation   to   take   advantage  of its own wrong and negligence and it would also  amount   to   permitting   the   corporation   to   hide  behind   such   objection.   Such   decision   and  consequence  would  be unfair  and  unjust.  In  view  of   this   Court,   neither   law   nor   equity   would  permit such consequence, more so, when what is at  Page 26 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT stake is retiral benefits of a Class IV employee. 

27.2 In light of foregoing discussion and for the  reasons mentioned above, it has emerged that the  award passed by learned Tribunal does not suffer  from   any   infirmity   or   illegality   or   material  irregularity   and   the   petitioner   has   failed   to  establish that the learned Tribunal has committed  any mistake in the award and in issuing impugned  directions. 

Learned Tribunal has taken sufficient care to  take into account the delay caused in raising the  dispute   and   to   mould   the   relief   and   direction  while   passing   impugned   direction.   After   taking  into  account   the delay  caused  by  the respondent  in   raising   dispute,   the   learned   Tribunal   has  consciously denied backwages for the period of 2  years  and  that  the learned   Tribunal  has  granted  only difference in retiral benefits by directing  the corporation to calculate the retiral benefits  of   the   petitioner   viz.   provident   fund   and  gratuity   by   taking   into   account   superannuation  age   by   considering   25.9.1949   as   the   claimant's  birth   date   ­   as   per   the   school   leaving  certificate and birth certificate. As a result of  the   direction,   all   that   the   corporation   is  obliged to pay to the respondent is some amount  towards revised gratuity and provident fund. The  said   directions   passed   by   learned   Tribunal   are  Page 27 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT not only correct and proper but just, reasonable  and equitable. 

On   overall   consideration   of   the   award   in  light of facts of present case, the award is just  and proper and does not deserve to be disturbed  and does not warrant any interference. This Court  is not inclined to exercise writ jurisdiction to  disturb a just, reasonable and equitable award. 

28. At this stage, it is relevant and necessary  to note that the original claimant died in 2014. 

It   is   pertinent   to   note   that   during   entire  period,   i.e.   from   the   date   when   the   respondent  raised the dispute until now, the corporation has  not paid the revised benefit on the basis of the  direction issued by learned Tribunal.

28.1 Before concluding, it is necessary to mention  that   it   is   true   that   ordinarily   the   Court   may  decline to entertain belated dispute raised with  regard to birth date, more so when the dispute is  raised after actual retirement. 

However,   said   general   rule   also   has  exception. 

When it is demonstrated by the workman that  the employer ignored birth certificate as well as  the   school   leaving   certificate   and   recorded  incorrect   date   as   his   birth   date   and   later   the  corporation   acted   arbitrarily   and   did   not   take  Page 28 C/SCA/11864/2016 JUDGMENT into account its own document and other relevant  documents while relieving him from service, then,  the Court would not allow the corporation to take  disadvantage of its own wrong and the Court, in  such   circumstances   would   not   deny   or   reject  workman's   just   and   reasonable   claim   only   on  ground of delay in raising dispute. 

Of course, in such cases, the Court would be  obliged to mould the relief so that injustice is  not   caused   to   the   employer   on   account   of   delay  caused in raising the dispute.

In   present   case,   it   has   emerged   from   the  record that the learned Tribunal has taken enough  and   sufficient   care   to   balance   equity   and   to  mould the relief accordingly. 

Therefore, the petition fails and deserves to  be rejected and is, accordingly, rejected. Notice  is discharged. Ad­interim relief stands vacated.

Sd/-

(K.M.THAKER, J) KAUSHIK D. CHAUHAN Page 29