Jammu & Kashmir High Court - Srinagar Bench
Hashim Ahmad Dar vs State & Ors on 23 January, 2018
HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR-
SRINAGAR
Case No: HC(p) 253/2017 Dated : 23RD of Jan., 2018
HASHIM AHMAD DAR VERSUS STATE AND ORS.
ORDER SHEET
CORAM:
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE M.K.HANJURA- JUDGE
i. Whether to be approved for
reporting in NET : Yes/No
ii. Whether to be approved for
reporting in Digest/Journal : Yes/No
FOR THE PETITIONER/s : MR. WAJID HASEEB
FOR THE RESPONDENT/s: . MR. ASIF MAQBOOL, GA
(M.K.HANJURA-J) 01/ The detenue - Hashim Ahmad Dar, has been detained by the respondent No.2 - District Magistrate, Baramulla, in terms of the detention order bearing No. 70/DMB/PSA/2017 dated 17-07-2017, in exercise of powers vested in him under clause (a) of section (8) of the Jammu & Kashmir Public Safety Act, 1978 (for short Act of 1978). The detenue has been lodged in Central Jail Kotbhalwal, Jammu, and continues to be there at the moment. Learned counsel for the petitioner states that the detenue was arrested by the security forces in the month of December, 2016 and was taken to the Security Camp and detained there for many days. Thereafter he was shifted to police station, Tarzoo, where he was implicated in a case bearing F.I.R No. 300/2016. The detenue, after applying for bail before the Court of competent jurisdiction, was released on bail from the police station, Tarzoo. Learned counsel states further that in the month of February, 2017, the detenue was called by the authorities of police station, Baramulla, and was kept in confinement in case bearing F.I.R No. 198/2016. The detenue was again granted bail by the Court of competent jurisdiction and ultimately released from custody. However, in the month of June 2017, the detenue was again called by the authorities of the police station, Baramulla, and was detained illegally for several days and thereafter shifted to Central Jail, Kotebhalwal, Jammu, under the cover of the order of detention, impugned herein.
02/ The order of detention has been challenged on the grounds, inter alia, that the detenue has not been provided the copies of the relevant material, relied upon by the detaining authority while passing the order of detention. The copy of dossier, the copies of F.I.Rs, the Statement u/s 161 Cr.PC, the seizure memos, the arrest memos, the bail orders etc. have not been provided to him. He has, thus, been deprived of the right to file an effective representation before the Detaining Authority, i.e. the District Magistrate, Baramulla, against the order of detention. It is also argued that the detenue could not have been detained under the provisions of PSA when he was already booked in substantive offences under various F.I.Rs and in some of the F.I.Rs, he was also granted bail. Learned counsel for the petitioner has argued that the respondents, in their reply affidavit, have stated that the detention warrant was executed on 18th of July, 2017 by one ASI Bashir Ahmad No. 38/PL,EXK No.811245, of DPL Baramulla, who read over and explained the contents of the same to the detenue. Assuming the contention to be correct, the said ASI ought to have filed an affidavit to substantiate so, which has not been done in the case on hand. The petition, on this ground alone, deserves to be allowed and, as a consequence thereof, the order of detention is liable to be quashed.
03/ Learned counsel for the respondents has argued that the order of detention has been passed after taking into consideration the relevant provisions of J & K Public Safety Act. 1978 (JKPSA). The grounds of detention have been conveyed to the detenue in the language with which he is conversant and these have been read over and explained to him at the place of his detention, i.e. Central Jail, Kotbhalwal. Therefore, the order of detention does not suffer from any vice. It has been passed with due diligence and it will sustain in the eyes of the law. The arguments of the learned counsel for the respondents are in tune and in line with the pleadings of the respondents.
04/ Heard and considered. The detention record has also been perused.
05/ As already stated, the impugned order of detention has been challenged chiefly, on the ground that the detenue could not have been detained under the provisions of PSA when he was already booked in substantive offences in case bearing F.I.R No. 198/2016 u/s 307, 148, 149, 332, 336, 353 & 427 RPC and F.I.R No. 300/2016 u/s 307, 148, 149, 336, 332 & 353 RPC, registered at Police Station Baramulla. It is apt to mention here that in both these F.I.Rs, the detenue was enlarged on bail. He was shifted to Central Jail, Kotebhalwal, Jammu, in terms of the order of detention impugned herein.
06/ Preventive detention, as has been held in the cases of A.K.Gopalan v. State of Madras (1950) SCR 88 and Rekha vs. State of Tamil Nadu (AIR 2011 SCW 2262), is, by nature, repugnant to democratic ideas and an anathema to the rule of law. The Supreme Court in Rekha's case (supra) emphasized that article 22 (3) (b) of the Constitution of India is to be read as an exception to article 21 of the Constitution of India and not allowed to nullify the right to personal liberty guaranteed under article 21. The Supreme Court further observed that since article 22(3)(b) of the Constitution of India permits preventive detention, we cannot hold it illegal but we must confine the power of preventive detention within very narrow limits, otherwise we will be taking away the great right to liberty guaranteed by Article 21 of the Constitution of India which was won after long, arduous, historic struggles. It has, therefore, to be understood that if the ordinary law of the land (India Penal Code and other penal statutes) can deal with a situation, recourse to a preventive detention law will be illegal. The Supreme Court added that it must be remembered that if, in the case of preventive detention, no offence is proved and there is no conviction, which can only be sanctioned by legal evidence, preventive detention is often described as "jurisdiction of suspicion." To prevent misuse of this potentially dangerous power the law of preventive detention has to be strictly construed and meticulous compliance with the procedural safeguards, however, technical, is, in our opinion, mandatory and vital. The Supreme Court, after putting reliance on the law laid down in Kamleshwar Ishwar Prasad Patel vs. Union of India and others (1995) 2 SCC 51 (para 49) observed that the history of liberty is the history of procedural safeguards. These procedural safeguards are required to be zealously watched and enforced by the Court and their rigor cannot be allowed to be diluted on the basis of the nature of alleged activities of the detenue. The Supreme Court quoted with approval the observation made in Ratan Singh Vs. State of Punjab and others 1981 (4) SCC, emphasizing the need to ensure that the constitutional and statutory safeguards available to a detenue are followed in letter and spirit. It observed, but the laws of preventive detention afford only a modicum of safeguards to persons detained under them, and if freedom and liberty are to have any meaning in our democratic set up, it is essential that at least those safeguards are not denied to the detenues. 07/ The procedural requirements are the only safeguards available to a detenue since the Court is not expected to go behind the subjective satisfaction of Detaining Authority. As laid down by the Apex Court in the case of Abdul Latif Abdul Wahab Sheikh v. B.K.Jha and anr. (1987) 2 SCC 22, the procedural requirements are, therefore, to be strictly complied with, if any value is to be attached to the liberty of the subject and the constitutional rights guaranteed to him in that regard.
08/ Looking at the instant case from the above perspective, case FIR NOs. 198/2016 & 300/2016 were registered against the detenue at Police Station, Tarzoo. Besides this, the detenue was implicated in many other cases bearing F.I.R NOs. 197/2016, 210/2016, 218/2016, 281/2016, 284/2016, 308/2016 & 284/2016, registered in police station, Baramulla, and at the time of the passing of the impugned order of detention, he was in the custody of the respondents. These F.I.Rs form the baseline of the order of the detention of the detenue. Therefore, the question for consideration is, can an order of detention be passed on the face of what has been detailed above. The answer to this question can be a big "No" taking into consideration the law laid down by the Apex Court of the Country in para 24 sub para (6) of the judgment delivered in the case of Sama Aruna Vs. State of Telangana and another, reported in AIR 2017 SC 2662, which reads as under:-
"6. On a reading of the grounds, particularly the paragraph which we have extracted above, it is clear that the order of detention was passed as the detaining authority was apprehensive that in case the detenue was released on bail he would again carry on his criminal activities in the area. If the apprehension of the detaining authority was true, the bail application had to be opposed and in case bail was granted, challenge against that order in the higher forum had to be raised. Merely on the ground that an accused in detention as an under trial prisoner was likely to get bail an order of detention under the National Security Act should not ordinarily be passed."
09/ The same view has been repeated and reiterated by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in paragraph 13 of the judgment delivered in the case of V.Shanta Vs. State of Telangana and others, reported in AIR 2017 SC 2625, that reads as follows:
"13. The order of preventive detention passed against the detenue states that his illegal activities were causing danger to poor and small farmers and their safety and financial well being. Recourse to normal legal procedure would be time consuming and would not be an effective deterrent to prevent the detenu from indulging in further prejudicial activities in the business of spurious seeds, affecting maintenance of public order, and that there was no other option except to invoke the provisions of the Preventive Detention Act as an extreme measure to insulate the society from his evil deeds. The rhetorical incantation of the words "goonda"
or "prejudicial to maintenance of public order" cannot be sufficient justification to invoke the draconian powers of preventive detention. To classify the detenue as a "goonda" affecting public order, because of inadequate yield from the chilli seed sold by him and prevent him from moving for bail even is a gross abuse of the statutory power of Preventive Detention. The grounds of detention are ex facie extraneous to the Act."
10/ Testing the case on hand on the touchstone of the law laid down above, the detenue could not have been detained after taking recourse to the provision of PSA, when he was involved in the commission of substantive offences in which he was arrested and subsequently bailed out by the competent Court of jurisdiction. The proper course for the respondents would have been to challenge the order of bail. The detenue could not have been detained preventatively. This single infraction renders the order of detention liable to be set aside.
11/ The learned counsel for the petitioner has argued that the officer, who handed over the detenue to the jail authorities of the Central Jail, Kotbhalwal, along with the relevant documents, should have filed an affidavit in the mater, which has not been done. From a bare glimpse of the execution report, what gets revealed is that the detention warrant has been executed on 18-07-2017 at Central Jail, Kotbhalwal, Jammu. It also states that the contents of the detention warrant and the grounds of detention were read over to the detenue in English language and were also explained to him in kashmiri language, which language he understood fully well and in token thereof, his signature was attained on the execution report itself. To eradicate all doubts, it was incumbent on the part of the officer, namely, ASI Bashir Ahmad, who did the exercise of handing over the documents and conveying the contents thereof to the detenue, to file an affidavit in order to attach, at least, a semblance of fairness to his statement. Resort can, in this behalf, be had to the law laid down by the apex Court of the country in the case of State Legal Aid Committee, J&K versus State of J&K & others, reported in AIR 2005 SC 1270, wherein it has been held as under :
"1/ Though several questions have been raised in this petition, it is not necessary to deal with them in detail as we find that there is no definite material to show that the requirements of section 13 of the Jammu & Kashmir Public Safety Act, 1978, (in short the Act), requiring the grounds of order of detention to be disclosed/communicated to the person affected by the order has been complied with. Though in the affidavit filed by the State, it has been stated that the contents of the warrants and grounds of detention were served, read over and explained to the assesse and he was informed about his right to make a representation against the detention, if he so desired, there is no material placed on record to substantiate this stand. It is stated in the affidavit that the detenue refused to receive copy of the detention order and also refused to put his signatures on the documents. The least the State could have done is to file an affidavit of the person who wanted to serve the relevant documents and an endorsement to the effect that there was refusal. Even the name of the official has not been indicated in the affidavit. That would have been sufficient to comply with the requirements of section 13 of the Act."
12/ Viewed in the context of all that has been said and done above, the petition is allowed, as a consequence of which, the order of detention bearing No. 70/DMB/PSA/2017 dated 17-07-2017 passed by the respondent No.2 - District Magistrate, Baramulla, is quashed with a further direction to the respondents to release the person of Hashim Ahmad Dar S/O Farooq Ahmad Dar R/O Dar Mohalla, Khanpora, District Baramulla, Kashmir, forthwith from the preventive custody, unless required in any other case. 13/ The petition is, accordingly, disposed of along with connected IAs. The record shall be returned to the learned counsel for the respondents.
TARIQ Mota SRINAGAR.
-01-2018 (M.K.HANJURA)
JUDGE