Moved The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court And Supreme Court Judges ... on 16 December, 1998

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Lok Sabha Debates

Moved The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court And Supreme Court Judges ... on 16 December, 1998

> Title:Moved the motion for consideration of the High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Amendment Bill, 1998. (Not Concluded) THE MINISTER OF LAW, JUSTICE AND COMPANY AFFAIRS AND MINISTER OF SURFACE TRANSPORT (SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI): I beg to move:

"That the Bill further to amend the High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954 and the Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958, be taken into* consideration."

As you are aware, when an officer of the State Judicial Service is appointed as a Judge of a High Court, his leave account is regulated under the provisions of the High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954. Accordingly, a judge is entitled to carry forward only the leave earned to the extent of 240 days. He is, however, not entitled to carry forward the half pay leave in his leave account in the Judicial Service.

15.49 hrs (Shri Khagapati Pradhani in the Chair) Representations have also been received from some judges, requesting for a provision in the High Court Judges Act to enable them to avail the benefit of carry forward of half pay leave. The carry forward of half pay leave is permissible to officers of All India Services. In view thereof, it is proposed to make a suitable amendment to the High Court Judges Act to provide for the same. Similarly, the Registry of the Supreme Court has requested for deleting the restrictions of 240 days for the carry forward of leave on full allowances when a Judge of High Court is elevated to the Supreme Court. It is proposed to accede to the request and the restriction of 240 days provided under section 4(2)(a)(iii) of the Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958, is proposed to be done away with.

A High Court Judge or a Supreme Court Judge is entitled without payment of rent, to the use of official residence. Where a Judge does not avail himself of the use of such residence, he is paid every month an allowance, that is, Rs.2,500 per month in the case of a Judge of a High Court and Rs.3,000 per month in the case of a Judge of the Supreme Court. Although there has been steep increase in the market rent of the houses, the allowances payable to the Judges in lieu of official residence, has remained static since 1986. This acts as a serious disincentive for Judges to occupy their own houses and accept the facility of House Rent Allowance (HRA). Few State Governments have to make appropriate residences available to Judges at much higher costs. Accordingly, it is proposed to increase HRA to Rs.10,000 per month in respect of the High Court and Supreme Court Judges, at a flat rate. Many of the State Governments have favoured the raising of HRA for the High Court Judges to Rs.10,000 per month.

The rates of pension of the Judges of High Court and Supreme Court were last enhanced with effect from the 1st November, 1986 by the High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Conditions of Service) Amendment Act, 1986. The Fifth Central Pay Commission recommended revision in the pensionary benefits of the Central Government employees including the members of All India Services. The revised pension rules have come into force on the first day of January, 1996. In view of foregoing, a necessity is felt to increase the pension, additional pension and maximum pension of the Judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court. The rate of revision of pension has been taken as 3.25 times universally in respect of all retired Judges w.e.f. 01.01.1996.

It is also proposed to enhance the entitlement of family pension from fifty per cent to sixty per cent of the pension admissible to a Judge up to the age of sixty-five years of such Judge, had he survived, or first seven years after his death, whichever is earlier, and thereafter from twenty-five per cent to thirty per cent of his pension, subject to a minimum of Rs.1,275 per month, on the analogy of the recommendation of the Fifth Pay Commission.

In the case of a Judge who has been elevated from the Bar, the existing provision provides for computation of Death-cum-Retirement Gratuity amounting to 20 days salary for each completed year of service, unlike on half-yearly basis applicable to in the case of a Central Government employee. It is now proposed to grant ten days salary as gratuity for each completed one-half year of service.

It is also proposed to remove the ceiling of Rs.8,000 per annum as special additional pension in compliance with the order dated the 20th January, 1991 of the Supreme Court of India in the matter of Justice M.L. Jain versus the Union of India.

I hope the Bill will receive the wholehearted support of the House.

MR. CHAIRMAN : Motion moved:

"That the Bill further to amend the High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954 and the Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958, be taken into consideration."

______________________________________________________________ * Moved with the recommendation of the President.

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So, may I know from the hon. Minister the action which is being taken in this regard, though this Bill is not concerning the duties of the judges? This is a simple Bill enhancing their salaries and allowances only. There are certain amendments also. But when we discuss all these things, we should also discuss the duties of the judges in this august House. At times, they are failing in many cases. Very recently, in the case of issue of LPG coupons, it has happened like that. VÉÉä ¨ÉÉxÉxÉÒªÉ ºÉÉÆºÉnùÉäÆ EòÉä MÉèºÉ-EòÚ{ÉxÉ ÊnùB VÉÉiÉä ½þèÆ ´Éä EòÉä<Ç ¨É½þi´É xÉ½þÒÆ ®úJÉiÉä ½þèÆ ±ÉäÊEòxÉ Eòä®ú±É ½þÉ<EòÉä]õÇ Eòä ¨ÉÉxÉxÉÒªÉ xªÉÉªÉÉvÉÒ¶É xÉä BEò +Énùä¶É Eò®ú ÊnùªÉÉ +Éè®ú nùÉä-føÉ<Ç ¨É½þÒxÉä iÉEò =ºÉä ®úÉäEò Eò®ú ®úJÉÉ* =ºÉEòä ¤ÉÉnù ¦ÉÒ ÊVÉºÉ |ÉEòÉ®ú Eòä |ÉÊiÉ¤ÉÆvÉ ±ÉMÉÉB MÉªÉä ½þèÆ =xÉEòÒ {ÉÚÊiÉÇ Eò®úxÉä ¨ÉäÆ ÊEòºÉÒ EòÉä EòÉä<Ç +É{ÉÊiiÉ xÉ½þÒÆ ½þè* ±ÉäÊEòxÉ BEò ¤ÉÉ®ú ±ÉÉäEò ºÉ¦ÉÉ ¨ÉäÆ <ºÉEòÉ ÊxÉhÉÇªÉ ½þÉä VÉÉxÉÉ SÉÉÊ½þB* 16.00 hrs. <ºÉEòä ¤ÉÉnù ¨ÉÉxÉxÉÒªÉ xªÉÉªÉÉvÉÒ¶ÉÉäÆ EòÉä EªÉÉ +ÊvÉEòÉ®ú ½þè ÊEò ´É½þ <ºÉ |ÉEòÉ®ú EòÉ ¤ÉÆvÉxÉ ½þ¨É {É®ú ±ÉMÉÉBÆ* ±ÉÉäEò ºÉ¦ÉÉ ºÉÖ|ÉÒ¨É ¤ÉÉìb÷Ò ½þÉäiÉÒ ½þè* BEò ÊxÉhÉÇªÉ Eò®ú Ê±ÉªÉÉ* They should abide by that. They should know that the Lok Sabha has passed the resolution and has taken a decision in the matter. They should not interfere unnecessarily because it has been found that they are interfering everywhere. I do not say that they are not performing their duties properly. But there are crores of cases which are pending in the courts. We must get justice from them. We do not have any grudge in enhancing the salary and allowances as is contained in the Bill.

So, I support this Bill. I would request the hon. Minister to look into the matter and tell the judges in a proper forum that they must perform their duties properly.

________ MR. CHAIRMAN : Mr. Home Minister.

PROF. P.J. KURIEN (MAVELIKARA): Mr. Chairman, Sir, the hon. Speaker has allowed me five minutes. I will strictly obey the Chair. First of all, I assure you that I will take only five minutes.

MR. CHAIRMAN: Now, Vaidya Vishnu Datt to speak.

PROF. P.J. KURIEN : Sir, have you called me? At Four of the Clock, we have to take up the Discussion under Rule 193.

MR. CHAIRMAN: According to that only, I called the Home Minister.

... (Interruptions)

PROF. P.J. KURIEN : The hon. Speaker has kindly allowed me five minutes. My name was there yesterday. All the names were exhausted yesterday. All the Members were allowed to speak. I was not allowed. So, I requested the hon. Speaker and the hon. Speaker has said that I would be given five minutes time before the Home Minister's reply...(Interruptions)

SHRI MOTILAL VORA (RAJNANDGAON): Sir, when the hon. Speaker has allowed, please allow him. The hon. Home Minister has no objection to it. You can allow him...(Interruptions)

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Minister is in regard to increase the facilities, salaries, pension and other things for the Judges of the High Court and also of the Supreme Court. We have no objection to that because the Judges of the High Court are holding the highest post of judicature of the States concerned and the Judges of the Supreme Court are also holding the post of the highest judicature of our country.

Madam, while we are discussing this Bill in this House, I want to draw the attention of this august House to the serious problem of the judicial system of our country. No doubt, the Judges and Courts are the watchdog of our Constitution. Sometimes they are protecting the rights of the common people; sometimes they are protecting the common people from the arbitrary act of the Executive and the police authority. But I am sorry to say that now some tendency has grown up in the mind of the Judges; off and on they are interfering with the acts of the highest sovereign authority. Sometimes they want to malign the acts of the Parliament and sometimes they are interfering with the functional acts of the Parliament and they are also challenging the authority of the highest sovereign authority of our country. Thus, I am sorry to say that the tendency has grown up in the mind of the Judges of the High Court and the Supreme Court. They want to malign us.

We are paying the highest respect to the judges and they should also pay respect to the sovereign authorities.

Another problem is that there are so many vacancies in the different courts, from the lower courts to High Courts and Supreme Court. Though the ratio of the judges per million population of our country is the lowest in the world, it is the duty of the Government to come forward and take some measures to fill up the vacancies immediately.

Shri Moti Lal Vora and another hon. Member has mentioned before the House about the long pendency of the cases. Lakhs of cases are pending in the different High Courts and in the Supreme Court. If you come before a court for redressal, then you have to wait till the next generation. Nobody knows when these cases will be disposed of by the judges of the High Courts, the Supreme Court and the other courts also.

In this regard, our hon. Rashtrapatiji has expressed deep concern also while inaugurating the seminar on `Judicial Reforms' organised by the Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record. As far as I can remember, our hon. Minister, Shri Ram Jethmalani, the leading lawyer of our country, was also present in that seminar.

Madam, with your permission, I would like to quote some relevant portions of the observations made by our hon. Rashtrapatiji.

"He also expressed deep concern over a backlog of 30 million cases in various courts across the country and said the executive and the judiciary must apply their minds more seriously than hitherto in order to tackle this arrear of cases. Each of the 30 million arrears represent the delay and the denial of justice to people, the President observed."

This was the observation made by our hon. Rashtrapatiji. Lakhs of cases are pending for disposal and people also think that now the judicial system is the machinery for harassment, repression and oppression.

I have gone through a English newspaper of last Sunday. It might be the Statesman or the Telegraph or the Indian Express. It carried the views of the hon. Chief Justice of India. He observed that people are losing faith in judiciary. When any litigation is contested between the poor and the rich, it is very difficult to contest the case against any rich because rich has the capacity to afford best possible lawyers in the Bar. It is very difficult for a poor man to afford a great lawyer to contest the case because day after day the fees of the lawyers are rising. So, it is difficult on the part of a poor man to engage a good lawyer to contest his case. He has to file a case in munsif's court, then, it comes to lower court, then it comes to High Court before it comes to Supreme Court. So, it is not possible for a poor man to contest his case. So, some way must be found out by the Government. There should be some Government lawyers in different courts. However, I very much regret to say that some of the lawyers are efficient, but a majority of the panel lawyers are inefficient also.

They are not very much willing to conduct the cases and are not at all taking interest to conduct those cases. Sometimes they are not appearing before the courts also. This is the position of the lawyers on the panel for Government lawyers. I also observed and saw some reports about them. I have also gone through a newspaper report about the lawyers of the Delhi Development Authority.

Our hon. Minister Shri Ram Jethamalani had expressed his views regarding the panel lawyers -- and what they are doing -- of Delhi and of the Metropolitan Authority.

So, that is the position. The Government should come forward and sort out some way so that the poor people can rush to a court and get justice by engaging suitable lawyers.

About corruption, I am sorry to say, that in the highest courts there is the highest corruption. If one goes to the corridor of any High Court there is some whispering that if one wants to obtain a rule, an injunction or an interlocutory order, one has to engage a particular lawyer because there is some hobnobbing with the Judges, by some section of the lawyers and a particular Judge. If he appears in the court of that Judge he can obtain the rule or interlocutory order or what is wanted. This is the type of corruption that is going on. The sons and nephews practise in the same court where their father or uncle or maternal uncle may be the sitting Judge in a particular case. That is the position.

If one has to get a case transferred one has to pay some money to the Bench Clerk, the person who is transferring the case. If one wants to win a case one has to select a particular lawyer and tell him to get the case transferred to a particular Judge's court. One has to pay lot of money to the person who is transferring the case.

This is the position in the different courts. If one wants to obtain a certified copy one has to pay more money than which is required according to the law. These are the corrupt practices prevalent in the courts, and in the highest courts there is the highest corruption. I do not know how the Government will solve the problem. This is an age-old problem in our country. If one goes to any court room one has to pay something to everybody in the court room who is sitting there.

Another point I would like to draw the attention of this august House and the particular Minister concerned is that the conditions in the lower courts are very much pathetic. That is the backbone of the judicial system of our country. But the condition of the lower courts is very precarious. Judges, District Judges, Special Judges, and Additional Sessions Judges are adjudicating the cases under Sections 302, 304 and 376 of the Indian Penal Code but they have no accommodation facility. They have no transport facility. The Judges and the Sessions Judges who are adjudicating the cases under section 376, that is, rape cases against the accused, are travelling, after the completion of the court work, in the same bus or in the same train, in the same bogie, along with the accused. This is the position in the lower courts. There is no facility of a library. If the Judges want to consult a book there is no facility of books in the lower courts. There are no other facilities and their court rooms are as good as cow-sheds. They can be equated to cow-sheds.

Off and on electricity fails but there is no generator to conduct the trial of cases under Section 302 etc. They have the legal capacity to sentence an accused, to award the death sentence, or life sentence, but there is no light in the court room where they are adjudicating. There is no generator system. Sometimes they are adjudicating or conducting the trials by the candle light or with hurricane light This is the position of the judicial system.

So, I urge upon the hon. Minister to come forward to discuss elaborately so that we may achieve a high standard of judicial system and remove all the difficulties. Sir, I do not want to waste the time of the House because so many Members are there. So, I again support this Bill with a humble submission to the hon. Minister and to this House to find out some way and arrive at some decisions so that our poor people can obtain justice. Further, the long pending cases may be disposed of as early as possible. And corruption may be removed as early as possible.

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> श्री हीरा लाल राय (छपरा) : सभापति महोदय, आज इस सदन में जजेज के बारे में बिल आया है जिसपर चर्चा की जा रही है। श्री प्रभुनाथ सिंह जी ने सही ढंग से आगे बढ़कर न्यायपालिका की स्िथति के बारे में प्रकाश डालने की कोशिश की है। पहले न्यायपालिका का यह काम होता था कि वह सही कामों की जांच करती थी लेकिन आज ऐसी बात नहीं है। यहां बताया गया कि कोटर्ों में ३ करोड़ केसेज़ पेंडिंग हैं जिसपर न्यायपालिका विचार न करके दूसरी बातों पर जा रही है। यह देखा जा रहा है कि जो उनके अपने काम हैं, उनमें ज्यादा दिलचस्पी न लेकर दूसरे कामों में हो रही है। आज एक लड़के की परीक्षा लेने के लिये न्यायपालिका का जज खड़ा किया जा रहा है, कहीं पर उनका भरोसा और विश्वास नहीं है। आज देश में जिस तरह से न्याय की हालत है, उसमें राजनीति में रहने वाले लोग मंत्री तथा दूसरे लोग गलत कामों के लिये पैनलाइज़ हो रहे हैं लेकिन लोअर कोर्ट में जायें तो उसने २ रुपये से १० रुपया और १० रुपया से २० रुपया लेना शुरु कर दिया है। इस ओर ध्यान नहीं दिया जा रहा है। अभी बताया गया कि जितने कोड बने हुये हैं, उनके औचित्य का हनन हो रहा है। उस पर ध्यान जाना जरूरी है। सभापति महोदय, मैं इस बिल का समर्थन करता हूं लेकिन एक बात यह कहना चाहता हूं कि जैसे कलर्क की बहाली होती है तो उसके लिये परीक्षा और इंटरव्यु लिया जाता है तब उसका सिलेकशन करते हैं लेकिन जजेज की बहाली कैसे होती है। लोअर कोर्ट में १० साल तक वकालत करने वाले को या हाई कोर्ट में दस साल तक वकालत करने वाले को सुप्रीम कोर्ट में जज बना दिया जाता है लेकिन उसकी मैरिट का टैस्ट कभी नहीं होता। यहां पालटिकली १०० परसेंट नहीं तो ५० परसेंट उसी तरह से जजेज बनाये जाते हैं। इस सिलेकशन में उनकी मैरिट या कैपेसिटी जज नहीं की जाती है। इसलिये मेरा सुझाव है कि यहां भी वही प्रक़िया अपनाई जानी चाहिये। सभापति महोदय, मैंने देखा है कि हाई कोर्ट के जजेज की बहाली सुप्रीम कोर्ट के जज करेंगे, यह अच्छी बात नहीं है। जैसे आई.ए.एस या आई.पी.एस. के लिये कोई कोड बनाया गया है तो उसी तरह से आपको जजेज के लिये कोई न कोई कोड बनाना चाहिये। यह नहीं होना चाहिये कि ऐसे ही जजेज की बहाली कर दें। इससे नुकसान की बात हो सकती है और हो रही है। आज देखा जा रहा है कि न्यायपालिका अपनी सीमा को लांघकर काम कर रही है। यह सदन सार्वभौम है। इस सदन को भी अपने पेंच में ले लेती है, यह अच्छी बात नहीं है। इसलिये इस संदर्भ में हमें निर्णय लेते समय विचार करने की जरूरत है और माननीय लॉ मनिस्टर को इस पर विचार करना चाहिये। सभापति महोदय, आज देश में न्याय प्रणाली जिस तरह से महंगी होती जा रही है, यह देश के लिये चिन्ता का विषय है। आज गरीब आदमी न्यायालय में जाने की स्िथति में नहीं है कयोकि उनके पास जाने के लिये पैसा नहीं होता है। ऐसी स्िथति में आपने छोटे न्यायालयों में लीगल सैल बनाये हैं जो गरीब लोगों की सहायता करते हैं लेकिन उन लोगों से फिर भी पैसा लिया जाता है, तब वे उन केसेज़ की पैरवी करते हैं। इस कारण उसके दायित्व का निर्वहन सही ढंग से नहीं होता है। उसके बाद अगर कोर्ट में मैनेज करने की बात होती है, जमानत से पहले आप कहते हैं कि कोर्ट मैनेज हुआ या नहीं या किस कोर्ट में है और यदि एक जज जमानत देने वाला है, एक या तीन महीने के बाद उसकी कोर्ट में केस आने वाला है तो अपराधी या दूसरे लोगों ने जमानत लेनी है, वे बैठे रहते हैं। जब उनकी बारी आती है तब मूव करते हैं और ऐसा देखा जाता है कि कभी-कभी कोर्ट मैनेज करके भी धांधली की जाती है। इस तरह करप्शन से हम परे नहीं हैं ज्यूडीशियरी के मामले में। इसलिए ज्यूडीशियरी को साफ-सुथरा नहीं बनाएंगे तो चैक एंड बैलेन्स का काम नहीं हो सकेगा। जिस ढंग से ज्यूडीशियरी तमाम जगहों में अपनी छाप और रिफलेकशन बढ़ा रही है, वह देश के चेक एंड बैलेन्स के लिए घातक है और उस पर आज अंकुश लगाने की ज़रूरत है। इन्हीं शब्दों के साथ मैं इस बिल का समर्थन करता हूं।

> श्री चन्द्रशेखर साहू (महासुमन्द): सभापति महोदया, आज जो बिल प्रस्तुत हुआ है, वास्तव में इसकी आवश्यकता काफी समय से महसूस की जा रही थी। मैं इस बिल के तहे-दिल से समर्थन के लिए खड़ा हुआ हूं।

MR. CHAIRMAN : Shri Sahu, I will take one minute. After that, you can continue.

As there is no member from the Panel of Chairmen present in the House, if the House agrees, I may call Shri Motilal Vora to preside over the House. Will you all agree to it?

SEVERAL HON. MEMBERS: Yes.

MR. CHAIRMAN: Shri Motilal Vora, will you kindly come and take the Chair?

SHRI MOTILAL VORA (RAJNANDGAON): Yes.

17.51 hrs (Shri Motilal Vora - in the Chair) श्री चन्द्रशेखर साहू : सभापति महोदय, मैं निवेदन कर रहा था ब्ृाहत् अरण्य उपनिषद के उस श्लोक के संबंध में जिसमें कानून, शासन और फिर न्यायाधीश का ज़िक़ हुआ है। "तदतं क्षत्रस्य क्षत्रं यो धर्मः अथः अबलियान बलियाम सांस्कृते धर्मेन् यथा राजा यथाज्ञं।" कानून शासक का शासक है और न्यायाधीश उसका संरक्षक है। माननीय सभापति महोदय, यदि पुराने ज्यूरिस्पुडेन्स को देखें तो उस समय जो वधि शास्त्र रहा है, उस समय जो न्याय की परंपराएं रही हैं, वह वास्तव में किसी भी व्यकित, चाहे वह कितना भी कमज़ोर और कहीं का भी रहने वाला हो, उसके साथ अन्याय न हो, इस दर्शन को लेकर पूरा भारतीय ज्यूरिस्पुडेन्स रचित हुआ है। माननीय सभापति महोदय, इस बिल में जो उद्देश्यों और कारणों पर प्रकाश डाला गया है, वह पूरी तरह जस्िटफाइड है कि १९८६ के न्यायाधीशों को जो सरकारी आवास संदाय होना था, वह लंबित है, उस पर कोई निर्णय नहीं हुआ। १९८६ में जो व्ृाद्धि की गई थी, उच्चतम न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालय न्यायाधीश सेवा शर्त संशोधन अधनियम में, उसके बाद पांचवे केन्द्रीय वेतन आयोग की सिफारिशें भी इस पर जो लागू होनी थीं, मेरे ख्याल से वह ऐनेकटमेंट नहीं हो पाया। माननीय सभापति महोदय, इसमें जो प्रावधान है, उस पर कहीं किसी को असहमति नहीं है। लेकिन मैं आगे जाना चाहता हूं आपके ज्यूडीशियल रिफॉर्मस पर। अभी एक माननीय सदस्य अजय मुखर्जी जी ज्यूडीशियल रिफॉर्मस पर चर्चा कर रहे थे।

Judicial reform is a must. Judicial reform is vital for the survival of democracy. यदि हम ज्यूडीशियल रिफॉर्मस नहीं कर सके तो यह डेमोक़ेसी के लिए बहुत बड़ा अवरोध उत्पन्न हो सकता है। इसीलिए एक लेखक श्री सरीन ने लिखा है कि -- "

The Legislature has a moral duty to make the laws clear and understandable." आज अवसर है, इसके माध्यम से मैं कुछ बातों को सदन के सामने रखना चाहता हूं। जो लॉ कमीशन है, उस लॉ कमीशन ने माननीय उच्चतम न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायलय के न्यायाधीशों के बारे में स्पष्ट कहा है कि ऐकिटव पोलटिकस या पार्टी में सम्िमलित होने की उसकी बाध्यता नहीं है और पात्रता भी नहीं है। अंत में उन्होंने अपनी रेकमंडेशन में साफ कहा है जिसको आप देख लें ताकि हम यह तय कर लें कि कोई उच्चतम न्यायलय या उच्च न्यायालय का न्यायधीश यदि ऐकिटव पोलटिकस में आना चाहता है तो उसके लिए हमारे संविधान की मर्यादा कया कहती है, हमारा संविधान कया कहता है। हमारा संविधान कया कहता है, लॉ कमीशन ने रिकमेंड किया है -

"It is clearly understandable that the Supreme Court Judges should look forward to other Government employment after their retirement. The Government is a party in a large number of cases in the highest court and average citizen may well get the impression that a Judge who might look forward to being employed by the Government after his retirement does not bring to bear on his work with detachment. We are clear of the view that the practice has a tendency to affect the independence of the Judges and should be discontinued." सभापति महोदय, भारतीय संविधान के आर्टीकल १२४ की ओर मैं आपके माध्यम से सदन तथा हमारे विद्वान मंत्री जी का ध्यान आकर्िषत करना चाहूंगा। आर्टीकल १२४ के सैकशन सात में लिखा है -

"No person who has held office as a Judge of the Supreme Court shall plead or act in court or before any authority within the territory of India." भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश से लेकर कोई भी माननीय न्यायाधीश यदि किसी एकिटव पॉलीटिकस में आना चाहता है, अथॉरिटी के रूप में कहीं पर एपियर करना चाहता है तो वह परमसिबल नहीं है। उड़ीसा में ऐसा हुआ है। वहां माननीय श्री रंगनाथ मिश्र जी का प्रकरण है, मैंने उनके नाम का जिक़ यहां किया है, इसलिए मैं आपसे अनुमति चाहूंगा और क्षमा के साथ कहना चाहूंगा कि यह बात उसके बाद उठी है और इसीलिए प्रेसीडेन्ट ऑफ इंडिया के सामने इसी सदन के बहुत सारे माननीय सदस्यों तथा राज्य सभा के माननीय सदस्यों ने इस बात को उद्धृत किया है कि यह डिस्कस होना चाहिए कि भारत के सेवानिव्ृात्त न्यायाधीशों को पॉलीटिकस में एन्टर करने का अधिकार है या नहीं। चूंकि अनुच्छेद १२४ कह रहा है कि उनको इसका अधिकार नहीं है और इसलिए यह डिफाइन होना चाहिए। सभापति महोदय, मैं आपके माध्यम से इस सदन का ध्यान केरल हाई कोर्ट के एक जजमैंट की ओर दिलाना चाहता हूं। केरल हाई कोर्ट नें ९ सितम्बर, १९९८ को रिटार्यड जजों के बारे में कहा है -

"Dwelling in the judicial ethics and propriety of Judges, taking up the post-retirement jobs or plunging in active politics, Justice K. Narayana Kurup today observed that the act of the retired Judges in accepting posts would clearly erode the confidence of the people in the Judiciary. One can continue to make worthwhile and positive contribution to the society even after retirement without getting involved in active politics." इससे किलयर है कि चाहे मुख्य न्यायाधीश हो या अन्य कोई माननीय न्यायाधीश हो, उन्हें सेवानिव्ृात्ित के बाद एकिटव पॉलीटिकस की परमीशन नहीं है। सभापति महोदय, दूसरी बात मैं यह कहना चाहता हूं कि सूर्या फाउंडेशन ने न्याय के बारे में एक बहुत बड़ी गोष्ठी आयोजित की थी और उसकी जो रिकमेंडेशंस हैं, जो लागू होनी चाहिए और जो भारतीय जनता पार्टी और उसकी एलाइज पार्टीज की गठबंधन की सरकार के नेशनल एजेन्डा में है कि हम भारत के विधान की समीक्षा करेंगे और एक ऐसे विधान की बात करेंगे जिसमें कि हो सकता है कि लोगों को सस्ता और समय पर न्याय सुलभ हो सके, हम इस प्रकार की व्यवस्था करेंगे। उसके आगे उन्होंने नियुकित के बारे में कहा है, इसमें साफ लिखा है -

"A tenure of three years be made for Chief Justices of High Courts and Supreme Court. The Judges elected should be made of character and integrity." यह कॉमन बात है, लेकिन तीन साल कम से कम न्यायधीश को कार्य करने का अवसर मिलना चाहिए। यह हमारी इस गोष्ठी की रिकमेंडेशंस में साफ लिखा है। उसके आगे यह लिखा है कि आपके जो कार्य दिवस हैं, उनमें लम्बी छुट्टियों की व्यवस्था है। यदि कोई न्याय पाना चाहता है तो न्यायाधीशों के लम्बी छुट्टी पर जाने की वजह से और कोर्ट बंद होने की वजह से उसको न्याय नहीं मिलता है।

18.00 hrs. कई ऐसे लिटीगेशन के मामले हैं जिसका निर्णय राष्ट्र हित, देश हित और समाज हित के लिए अत्यंत अनिवार्य होता है लेकिन लम्बी छुट्टियों की वजह से वे नहीं हो पाते। मैं निवेदन करूंगा कि १८० दिनों की जो कार्य अवधि है उसको बढ़ाकर २२० दिन किया जाये। दिल्ली के बारे में जो बाते कही गयी हैं, मैं उसको उद्धरित नहीं कर रहा हूं लेकिन मेरा कहना है कि जो क़मिनल प्रोसीजर कोड है। सभापति महोदय : छह बज गये हैं। संसदीय कार्य मंत्री तथा पर्यटन मंत्री (श्री मदन लाल खुराना): सभापति जी, मेरा निवेदन है कि सदन का समय बढ़ा दिया जाये और इस बिल को पास कर दिया जाये। सभापति महोदय : कितने समय के लिए बढ़ाया जाये? श्री मदन लाल खुराना: जब तक बिल पास नहीं होता तब तक के लिए बढ़ा दिया जाये। सभापति महोदय : जब तक बिल पास नहीं होता है तब तक के लिए सदन की अवधि बढ़ाई जाती है। श्री चन्द्रशेखर साहू (महासुमन्द): सभापति जी, जो क़मिनस प्रोसीजर कोड है, उसके पार्ट १३ के बारे में मेरा कहना है कि यदि सेवा निव्ृात्त न्यायधीशों की कहीं सेवायें ली जा सकती हैं तो जो मुख्य जिला न्यायाधीश द्वारा लंबित मुकदमे हैं, उसका फिर से रिवीजन करने के लिए कोड में प्रावधान है, उसके साथ उनकी नियुकित हो जानी चाहिए। सभापति जी, और भी कई ऐसे सुझाव हैं जो मैं मंत्री जी के सामने रखना चाहता हूं। रूरल लिटीगेशन है। ग्रामीण विकास में जो मुकदमेबाजी है, वह भी गरीबी का एक कारण है। हजारों लोगों के बहुत सारे मुकदमे फंसे हुए हैं। सालों तक उनका फैसला नहीं होता है। कोई सुप्रीम कोर्ट आ रहा है, कोई हाई कोर्ट में आ रहा है तो कोई सैशन जज के पास आ रहा है। उनके मुकदमों की कोई सुनवाई नहीं है। इसलिए हम मंत्री जी के सामने वकल्िपक न्यायिक फोरम की बात रखना चाहते हैं। इसी तरीके से आर्िबट्रेशन है। उसमें भी रूरल सैकटर के जितने मुकदमे हैं, उसके लिए एक पंच बनाने की, किसी सीनियर वकील को जिसे कम से कम २० साल का अनुभव हो, उसको आर्िबट्रेटर बनाने की प्रक़िया चालू होनी चाहिए। ऐसा मेरा मंत्री जी से निवेदन है। सभापति महोदय : अब आप समाप्त करिये। श्री चन्द्रशेखर साहू (महासुमन्द): अंत में मैं आपके और सदन के सामने इस बिल का पुरजोर समर्थन करते हुए एक बार फिर कहूंगा कि ज्यूडशियल रिफार्म, लॉ कमीशन के रिकमेंडेशन, माननीय विद्वान सदस्यों के सुझाव के साथ अमल किये जायें। मैं यह भी कहूंगा कि राष्ट्रीय एजेंडे में जो बिन्दू हैं, उसको पूरी ताकत के साथ लागू करे। इसके लिए पूरा सदन आपके साथ है, पूरा देश आपके साथ है। आप एक बार आगे बढ़े। इन्हीं शब्दों के साथ मैं इसका समर्थन करता हूं।

PROF. P.J. KURIEN (MAVELIKARA): Mr. Chairman, Sir, I rise to support this Bill. Our judges, whether they are in the Supreme Court or the High Courts or even the lower courts, should be well paid. The independence of the Judiciary is very important for the survival of democracy itself and if the judges are not well paid, there cannot be independence of the Judiciary and they will be subjected to social pressures. So, to get rid of such an eventuality, our judges should be paid very well. Therefore, I support this Bill and our Party also supports this Bill.

Sir, this Bill speaks about the Supreme Court and the High Court judges only. I would like to know what the Government will do in respect of the judges in the lower courts, because their position is much worse. I do not know what action the Government will take in the matter. But I would like the Government to take some initiative to have corresponding enhancement of salaries and other perks for the judges of the lower courts also.

Sir, I feel that our judicial system needs an overall review. I say this not to criticize the system, but to emphasize the fact that thousands of cases are pending in various courts of our country.

There is a saying: "Justice delayed is justice denied." Shri Ram Jethmalani is one of the senior advocates in the country. I hope, he will agree with me that in many cases justice is denied simply because of long delay in pronouncing the ultimate verdict. Something has to be done about it. I am not from the Bar. I am not an advocate. I do not know what to do. But I know of hardships of the people in this regard. Therefore, I am expecting that this Government will do something about it.

Maybe a number of vacancies are to be filled up in the courts and the Government is delaying that due to various reasons. I do not deal with that now. But I know that. It seems that the Government also have some ulterior motives in some cases or maybe some divergence of views with the top echelons of the Government and the Judiciary. Therefore, it is delaying. Whatever may be the reason, please sort out and see that the Judges are appointed.

You know that ultimate justice is in the Supreme Court. If a judgment is against a party in a lower court and if he is aggrieved, he can go to the High Court and ultimately to the Supreme Court. Please consider how can an aggrieved person from the State of Kerala or Tamil Nadu or Karnataka or West Bengal or the North-East come to Delhi. What is the expenditure? There is no question of a poor man coming to the portals of the Supreme Court for justice. It is because of the fact that the Supreme Court is only in Delhi. And no Bench of the Supreme Court is situated in the South or the East or the North-East because of the simple fact that the ultimate justice is denied to a majority of the citizens of this country. Who can afford to come to Delhi? It was mentioned here. If you want to hire an advocate in the Supreme Court, you have to pay more.

What is the fee of an advocate in the Supreme Court? To get a good advocate like Shri Ram Jethmalani, how much have we to pay? He knows that. I give him credit. He is one of the best advocates in the country. I compliment him. But we have to pay accordingly.

THE MINISTER OF URBAN AFFAIRS AND EMPLOYMENT (SHRI RAM JETHMALANI): Sir, for the information of the hon. Member, may I state that 90 per cent of my practice is free practice.

PROF. P.J. KURIEN : Oh, thank you! I am happy. I wish let there be some advocates like you.

Now, the point, therefore, is that the Government have to consider two things. Number one is about setting up of more Benches of the Supreme Court in various parts. One may be in the South at Bangalore or Chennai. You can have it in Chennai. We have no objection about it. One could be in the North-East and one may be in Mumbai. Kindly consider setting up at least three more Benches. I have no objection.

SHRI RATILAL KALIDAS VARMA (DHANDHUKA): You can have one in Gujarat also.

PROF. P.J. KURIEN : With regard to High Courts, look at Uttar Pradesh. I do not know whether Uttar Pradesh has a Bench of the High Court. It is a big State. Madhya Pradesh is also a big State. They should have more Benches. There is a demand for more Judges. Even in Kerala, our High Court is in Cochin. But it is a million dollar question for a poor man in Trivandram or Calicut to reach even the High Court. Please do something about it.

I am nobody to comment on Judiciary. I will not do that. But I have one feeling as a layman that the areas are earmarked for the Judiciary, the Executive and the Legislature. There is a definite demarcation among these three wings. I am sorry when I find that there is an encroachment of one on another.

The Judiciary sometimes encroaches upon the powers of the Legislature or the Executive. Actually, the function of Judiciary is not administering or governing. They are not meant for legislation or law-making. There is a definite demarcation of functions. But these demarcations are not upheld and perhaps observed more in violation.

I do not know what is the remedy for it. But I am looking upon the Government to find some remedy for this. I admit that there is a degeneration in the political leadership, but it is not only in the political leadership. The degeneration in the political leadership is only a reflection of total degeneration of the society. It is there in the Executive also; it is there in the Judiciary also.

When a politician does something wrong, it is highlighted very much because all eyes and ears are following him. But when the same mistake is committed by the Executive, it is not highlighted. And if it is Judiciary, it is never highlighted and you will have a lid over it so that nobody sees it. It does not mean that politicians or Members of Parliament are all bad and they can be condemned. Likewise, we cannot condemn the Judiciary also.

There is a total degeneration. Therefore, the most important thing to save the institution and to retain the credibility of the institution is that each Wing of our Constitution -- the Legislature, the Judiciary and the Executive -- should confine to its realms and should not encroach upon each other for the healthy running of the democratic institutions.

Now, Sir, I come to the Public Interest Litigations. In fact, it was initiated in Kerala, if I am correct, by the late Justice Subramaniam Pochi, who passed away recently. I welcome that, even though there is a controversy over that, because this has helped us in solving some of the problems that we have.

Regarding judicial activism, I would say that when the political leadership becomes weak, judicial activism becomes active. But it should not be a permanent phenomenon. It should be an exception. Yes, sometimes it could be useful, it could be helpful, but that does not mean that every judge from the lower court to the highest court thinks that he can go beyond his realms. That is not good for the system. I do not know what the Government can do about it. But I would say that instead of keeping these two water-tight compartments separately, it can be discussed with the Chief Justice of India. The Government can certainly have a dialogue with the Chief Justice of India and likewise, with Chief Justices of High Courts so that some system is evolved by which you get rid of these anomalies that have been crept into our society.

I hope, the Government will give serious attention to all the points that I have made and my special request to the hon. Minister and I want him to reply is to set up a Bench of the Supreme Court in South. I have no grudge if he has it in Chennai or in Bangalore. But I would request him to have a Bench of the Supreme Court so that the people who wish to approach the Supreme Court, at least, can file their cases at a lesser cost. Likewise, one such Bench can be considered in the North-East and one in Gujarat or elsewhere.

So, I am requesting for setting up three Benches of the Supreme Court for ensuring better justice to the people of this country.

With this request, I once again support this Bill and I conclude.

Thank you very much.

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Eò®úäÆ* vÉxªÉ´ÉÉnù* SHRI N.K. PREMCHANDRAN (QUILON): Sir, I also rise to support this Bill which is enhancing the facilities of the High Court and Supreme Court judges. Judiciary in our country is playing a very vital role in the social progress of our country. Therefore, the amenities, facilities, the salaries, allowances and other facilities of the judges should be in accordance with their status and the work which they are doing. The point which I would like to highlight is this. As far as the Supreme Court and the High Court judges are concerned, they are getting much better benefits. But when compared to the High Court and the Supreme Court judges, the conditions of service of the mofussil courts, especially, the Munsifs courts are still very poor. There is a very high disparity between these two classes. But as far as the workload is concerned, especially, the Munsifs courts are having too much workload when compared to the others. But as per my knowledge, even these Munsifs are not having the telephones of Non-OYT (SS) category. They have not been considered so far in the Non-OYT (SS) category, the reason being they can get telephones at the earliest on an out of turn basis. That is the pathetic condition of the Munisifs courts in our country.

As Shri Ajay Chakraborty has already stated, it is absolutely correct that these mofussil courts are the backbone of the Indian judiciary. But they are being totally ignored as far as their conditions of service and all other things are concerned. I absolutely agree that they are being governed by the service rules of the State Governments. Even then, when we talk about the judicial reforms of our country, we should give much stress on the lower judiciary, especially, from the Munsifs up to the district level judges.

As far as the amenities of the Supreme Court and the High Court judges are concerned, we are enhancing them from time to time. It is being given to them and they are very well enriched with powers, especially, the discretionary powers. They are benefited by them. It is too much. It is beyond the limit also.

The second point that I would like to say is about the basic dictum of legal principle, that is, the belated justice. Due to the backlog of cases, there is a delay. I am not going into the detailed discussion in respect of that point because this is the right time to have a discussion on the judicial reforms. So far it has not taken place.

For the last ten or five years, we are all hearing about judicial activism. I am supporting this judicial activism. In one sense, judicial activism means, judiciary is active. That implies, the executive as well as the legislature is not active.

If the duties which are cast upon the Executive are done in a proper way, then the powers of the Executive or the Legislature will not be taken away by the Judiciary. So, the judicial activism, according to me, means the Judiciary being active. After the concept of Public Interest Litigations has started, the Judiciary has broadened its scope and it has broadened its powers also so that the poor people, the common people and the working class in our country are able to get justice. We all know what the cost of getting justice in India now is. Not only in India but all over the world, as far as the poor people or the common people are concerned, getting justice is a very costly affair. So, when we discuss about the judicial activism, when we discuss about the separation of powers as envisaged in the Constitution of India, even we the Parliamentarians are not discharging our duties. That is why the other wing of the Government has to come into play to fill the vacuum that is taking place in our country. That we have to attempt first and then we have to make allegations against the Judiciary. According to me, Judiciary also is going beyond its limits. I would like to cite two examples - two recent judgements of the Kerala High Court. I am not going into petrol, gas and all those things. The first judgement given by a learned Judge says that within two months, the Cochin Corporation has to kill all the mosquitoes. That is the verdict given by the court. Another judgement says that the Ramni bridge has to be completed within a particular period. Now, what is the consequence of that judgement? Is the court able to pay the money? Are they able to supply the material so that the contractor is able to complete the work within the stipulated time?

MR. CHAIRMAN : Please conclude now.

SHRI N.K. PREMCHANDRAN (QUILON): Yes, Sir, I am concluding.

So, what I would suggest is that judicial reforms should be discussed in detail and it is the right time to have the judicial reforms so that the delay in getting justice could also be avoided.

As far as the Lok Adalats and the Free Legal Aid Clinics are concerned, it is a good thing according to me. But nowadays it is being seen that almost all the cases which are being settled are only MACT cases. The other cases are not being settled. Of course, in MACT cases also, it is beneficial for the persons who met with motor accidents. A recent judgement of the Supreme Court has said that nobody will be given more than Rs.5,000 at the first stage. If they want more, they have to file an affidavit and adduce evidence before the court saying that they want that money. It is also an atrocious thing as far as the beneficiaries are concerned because after having met with an accident and suffered huge damages, when compensation is awarded by the court, they are not entitled to receive that compensation. That is the position. I am not going into the details of that.

As far as decentralisation of judicial system is concerned, I come from Kerala and the State capital is Trivandrum. Lakhs and lakhs of cases are being filed in the High Court of Kerala which is situated at Cochin, which is about 250 kilometres away from the State capital, even though it may be within the State. I think in Madhya Pradesh also the State capital is not having a High Court Bench. A senior officer who has to travel from Trivandrum to Cochin, will take one week for filing papers or giving brief to the concerned advocate of the Government and coming back. Considering the expense also, at least the State capital should be provided with a High Court Bench. If we are not able to have a full-fledged High Court at the State capital, at least a Bench should be set up. The Government of India should take the initiative to have a High Court Bench at least in the State capital.

With these words, I once again support this Bill enhancing the facilities give to the Judges of High Courts and the Supreme Court. With these words, I conclude.

SHRI KONIJETI ROSAIAH (NARASARAOPET): Sir, while supporting this Bill brought by the Government, I have a few submissions to make. The Members who have spoken before me, have already made so many points, so what I would be saying, may be a repetition. But even then I would like to join them with regard to one or two important points.

The first point is that there are a number of vacancies in the High Courts and in the lower courts also all over the country. Year after year, the time is passing, the Supreme Court also may be making efforts, but they are not able to fill up the vacancies.

Sir, today's procedure of appointing High Court judges, as is known to all, is like this. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and four other senior judges will sit together, look into the recommendations sent by the respective High Courts and then they will finalise the names for appointment as judges. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the four senior judges may not know much about the details of the proposed candidates. They will look into some papers and based on those information, they will be finalising the list of judges to be appointed. In many cases, I can say that some people who were most deserving ones were not considered. At the same time, some people who were active in other fields but who were not active as practitioners till the other day were appointed as judges. To avoid this, I would appeal to this Government to consider constitution of a Judicial Commission which should be of a permanent nature. They can gather necessary information about the candidates, the recommendations coming from various High Courts and then, can recommend for appointment of judges. I do not say that this is a pucca and foolproof system but I am sure that this is going to be better than the present system of appointments.

Similarly, many Members have spoken about the backlog of cases. If you look into the pendency of cases in any High Court, you may find that the situation is horrible. There is no time limit to clear the cases. We know that many people who had preferred appeals in High Courts and Supreme Court were not able to see the judgements delivered in their life time. After the death of such petitioners, judgements are delivered. Though the Indian judiciary has been credited with independent thinking and good judgements have been delivered in many cases, yet the disposal of the backlog is again a sorry state of affairs.

To dispose of the cases, I may suggest appointment of judges on ad-hoc basis. Appointments can be made for a specific period and a specific number of cases can be given to them so that lakhs and lakhs of pending cases in this country may be disposed of in a prescribed time. Otherwise, the number of pending cases would be increasing everyday instead of coming down.

I would like to make another point. As has been said earlier, there are three important pillars due to which democracy is surviving in this country, namely, Executive, Legislature and Judiciary. These are three important areas. The Indian Constitution has earmarked their duties and has taken care of the functions of these three main wings. But of late, an unfortunate situation is seen on a number of occasions. The Judiciary is said to be encroaching into the powers of the Legislature. I need not go into specific cases but the most respected Minister and a senior lawyer knows pretty well whether there is encroachment or not and how to avoid it. If this is allowed, it will create problems in our democracy. If the Executive enters into the domain of the Legislature or if the Legislature enters into the working of the Judiciary or the Judiciary enters into the domain of the Executive, then it will create problems for the survival of Indian democracy.

It is not only that. In the garb of interpreting laws, sometimes courts are making laws for themselves. We all know very well that they have to interpret the laws, define the laws and tell us if there are any lapses in the implementation of laws. But instead of doing so, on many occasions, they are making their own laws.

One last word I would like to submit. Today, for any individual, to go to the court has become a very costly affair. There is one saying in Telugu that the man who wins the case will cry outside and the man who loses the case will fall down in the court itself. This is the general impression created all over the country. This has become very costly also. At the same time, we are seeing that the Public Interest Litigations are filed in some of the courts. The Public Interest Litigations can be filed by any individual either in the High Court or the Supreme Court and the courts are entertaining such petitions also. For this also, some sort of a procedure and some sort of a responsibility on the part of the petitioner also must be fixed. Otherwise, what happens is that any Tom, Dick and Harry can file a Public Interest Litigation against any man in office or otherwise and even if he loses, he is going scot-free. No responsibility is fixed on him. Some of the courts have openly said this and many Members have said today that to go to a court, it has become a prohibitive thing. It is becoming very costly. But, at the same time, we all hear a number of court announcements saying that a post-card is enough; it will be taken as a petition and they will look into the matter and deliver their judgements. These two things cannot go together.

Finally, I would like to tell that even today there is a code for the judges. In many cases, they are adhering to the guidelines and code. But here and there, of late, we are seeing that the judges are also moving freely in almost all public functions...(Interruptions) I have seen that they cut ribbons in a show-room. We are seeing the judges in the foundation-stone laying functions. We are seeing the judges in the Awards Presentation Function and we are seeing them everywhere. So, I appeal to the Government to kindly consider these aspects and, if necessary, frame some more guidelines so that the independence of the judiciary and the importance of the judiciary is maintained and felt by the people of this country.

SHRI SATYA PAL JAIN (CHANDIGARH): Mr. Chairman, Sir, I rise to support this Bill.

As a matter of fact, salaries and allowances of the judges have already been enhanced and their pensions etc. have also been enhanced. I feel that this is one item on which nobody can have any difference of opinion. All sections of the society, people belonging to different political parties have agreed that the salaries of judges should be in consonance with the status that they are having. The judges are not the employees of any Government. They are not the employees of any authority. They hold their positions under the Constitution of India. They are the constitutional authorities. They have to decide the cases even against the President of India, the Prime Minister of India and the Government of India. Therefore, their salaries should be such that they behove their status and in consonance with their status.

Sir, the judges are in a situation to perform their duties as per the requirements laid down by the Constitution of India. So, I support the Bill. I also request the Government that like the higher judiciary, let us come to the lower judiciary also.

Some of the Members who were speaking before me did support the Government and they demanded that the salaries, pensions and other service conditions of the lower judiciary, the judicial magistrate, district judge and additional judges should also be revised because they are also performing very good job, equally important job. We cannot compare the duty of a judge of the High Court and the duty of a judicial magistrate. Both are important in their own fields. Therefore, their salaries should also be revised.

About transfer policy, the Government of India and the courts adopted the transfer policy a few years back. This transfer policy also needs reconsideration now. There are many things which have come to light during the last five years. The transfer policy has created more problems than it has solved. The whole judicial system is now demanding review of the transfer policy. Let us come to that. Let us involve people in that and take a firm decision regarding revision of transfer policy so that the judges totally feel free.

About the vacancy of judges, I am in agreement with my colleagues who have said that vacancies should be filled as early as possible. I stand for Judicial Commission. Let there be a Judicial Commission which should decide the appointment of judges the day a judge retires. Let another judge be appointed before a judge retires so that if today one judge retires the next morning the new judge takes over the charge. Regarding these vacancies, I am very happy to say that now the Supreme Court has solved the controversy. Unfortunately, there was a controversy in this country involving even the judges also. There were complaints against the judges by the judges themselves. I am not talking of complaints against the judiciary by the people, who are outside the judiciary. People have been writing letters to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Judges have been writing letters to them about the appointments and transfer. I feel that it is high time the Judiciary also do some introspection and this introspection be done by the Judiciary itself so that they are in a position to remove all the doubts about themselves, by the judicial process.

About the strength of judges, I would like to say that the strength of the judges also needs to be increased. Now, with 27 or 26 judges in the Supreme Court, you cannot decide the case of 100 crore people. Similar is the case in different High courts with 30 or 38 or 40 judges. I feel that the strength of the Supreme Court as well as the High Court judges should at least be doubled so that they decide the cases expeditiously.

Some hon. Members have pointed out about setting up of Benches, I totally support this issue. Let there be Benches of the Supreme Court in South India also. Let there be Benches of the Supreme Court in the North-East also because when I visited the North-East - perhaps you were also with us as a Member of the Delegation - many people complained to us in the North-East that if a person from Agartala has to go to Delhi to file a case, it takes him three or four days to reach Delhi. Therefore, let there be Benches in those places so that people can file their cases there itself.

Lastly, let us not see any confrontation between the Judiciary and the Executive or the Judiciary and the Legislature. All the three are autonomous in their own fields. Let us perform our assigned duties. Let the Judiciary perform its own job. Let the Legislature legislate and let the Executive execute decisions. Let the Judiciary decide and interpret. Let us not see any confrontation. Instead of confrontation, let all the three organs adopt self-restraint. Let Judges also not cast unnecessary aspersions on the Legislature and at the same time, let the Legislature also not call Judges, and involve them in every controversy.

With these remarks, I hope the Government will very soon take a decision about revising the salary of the lower judiciary also. Thank you very much.

pertaining to the High Court and the Supreme Court Judges, Salary and Conditions of Service (Amendment) Bill.(1998) I request and pray the Judges of the High Court as well as the Supreme Court that after their retirement they should not join any political forum or indulge in any active politics. At the fag end of their service as Judges, whatever judgement that had been pronounced will definitely have political colour.

So, to avoid such comments, I would request all the judges not to involve in active politics after their retirement.

Sir, sometimes, the judges declare that the judgement is reserved. But that reserved judgement should not not take months together to be pronounced. So, I would request that there should be a time-bound programme for pronouncing the judgements. At the same time, I would request the Government not to transfer any judge while he is hearing a case, because once the judge is transferred, the judgement gets delayed. There is a famous saying that `justice delayed is justice denied.' That should not happen due to the transfer of judges.

As far as the constitution of additional courts to hear the corruption charges against persons who were holding high offices is concerned, there is a lot of delay and particularly, in the case pertaining to Madam Jayalalitha, it was delayed very much. The Bench heard the case. (Interruptions)

SHRI C. GOPAL (ARAKKONAM): Mr. Chairman, Sir, the cases are pending before the court. The matter is sub judice. So, he cannot speak about it here.

SHRI C. GOPAL : When the cases are pending before the court, he is not entitled to speak about them here, on the floor of the House. (Interruptions)

MR. CHAIRMAN : Shri Baalu, please speak on the Bill.

... (Interruptions)

SHRI C. GOPAL (ARAKKONAM): Sir, he is not entitled to speak about them here. (Interruptions)

court had heard the case and after hearing the case, the judgement was reserved.

MR. CHAIRMAN: Shri Baalu, you have to speak only on the Bill.

case, but Justice Raju was transferred before he delivered the judgement. Why was he transferred when he reserved the judgement? (Interruptions) Here, in this case, justice was not denied. The Supreme Court heard the case and decided that the decision taken by the Government of Tamil Nadu in constituting the Special Courts is valid.

Now*, Under Secretary in the Department of Personnel of the Government of India has just gone back from his earlier affidavit. (Interruptions)

MR. CHAIRMAN: Shri Baalu, a number of cases are pending everywhere. Why are you speaking about one case only? Please speak on the Bill.

... (Interruptions)

Section 3 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, it is left to the State Government to group cases for purpose of the Notification and that the State Government shall be in a better position to judge the needs and exigencies of the State. (Interruptions)

_____________________________________________________________________________ * Expunged as ordered by the Chair.

THE MINISTER OF LAW, JUSTICE AND COMPANY AFFAIRS AND MINISTER OF SURFACE TRANSPORT (DR. M. THAMBI DURAI): Mr. Chairman, Sir, this is not correct. Certain remarks have to be removed from the record. I would request you to remove them from the record.

High Court. Now, in the Supreme Court, he says that the Central Government has to be consulted ... (Interruptions)

MR. CHAIRMAN: Shri Baalu, please speak only on the Bill.

... (Interruptions)

MR. CHAIRMAN: Whatever is objectionable, it has to be expunged from the record.

... (Interruptions)

this Government, particularly under the instructions of the Law Minister, the Government has filed an affidavit like this. (Interruptions) I would like to know why a different norm was adopted in filing the affidavit in the Supreme Court. (Interruptions)

SHRI R. MUTHIAH : Mr. Chairman, Sir, he should speak only about the Bill.

would definitely withdraw this affidavit.

With these words, I conclude.

19.00 hrs. SHRI MANORANJAN BHAKTA (ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS): Sir, now it is 7 o'clock.

MR. CHAIRMAN : The House has given its consent till the Bill is passed.

SHRI MANORANJAN BHAKTA (ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS): When?

MR. CHAIRMAN: The time has already been extended.

SHRI MANORANJAN BHAKTA : It was up to 7 o'clock.

MR. CHAIRMAN: No. It was said: "...till such time the Bill is passed." Now, it will take only 15 minutes. A decision has already been taken.

THE MINISTER OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS AND MINISTER OF TOURISM (SHRI MADAN LAL KHURANA): How many speakers are there?

MR. CHAIRMAN: There are only four speakers.

SHRI MADAN LAL KHURANA: Our problem is that there is a Cabinet meeting at 7 o'clock.

SHRI MANORANJAN BHAKTA (ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS): Sir, you better adjourn the House.

MR. CHAIRMAN: As you like.

SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNIAH (TUMKUR): Hon. Chairman, Sir, when we come to the office and give a notice for Zero Hour, our turn will never comes. When we give it for Calling Attention, our turn again does not come. A very little time is given to us.

If the time is not given to us, there is no use of our coming to the House. I request the hon. Chairman to see that everybody is given sufficient time to speak so that he could ventilate his grievances. We cannot sit here like mummies and go back to their houses. We must be given an opportunity. Everybody should have an opportunity to express his feelings.

MR. CHAIRMAN: Shri Mensinkai can continue.

SHRI MADAN LAL KHURANA: It is all right for tomorrow.

SHRI B.M. MENSINKAI* (DHARWWAR SOUTH) : Mr. Chairman Sir, I rise to wholeheartedly support the High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Amendment Bill, 1998.

At the outset, I would like to say the President of India can take the concurrence of the Prime Minister and the opposition party leader while appointing the judges. While increasing the salary of the judges, it should not be done as it is done in the case of employees of unions and other Government employees. Who used to get by resorting to strike and bandhs. I support the view that the salary of High Court and Supreme Court should be enhanced.

There are no transportation facilities to the judges in the Ession Courts, Magistrate Courts and other moffussil Courts. Tahsildars, Assistant Commissioners and other officials even at the Taluk level have transportation facilities. I therefore appeal to you that some decent transportation facility should be provided to all judges.

There is only one High Court in the capital city of Karnataka, Bangalore. This does not cater to the needs of the entire State. I, therefore, urge upon the Government of India to set up a bench of Karnataka High Court at Hubli-Dharwar. One of my hon. colleagues has said that the retired judges should not take up any other job after their retirement as judges. In this connection I would like to suggest to the Government of India that these retired judges should be appointed as Governors of States. These judges have the ability and capacity to protect the Constitution. Hence they should be appointed as Governors of States.

MR. CHAIRMAN : Please conclude. Finish it now.

SHRI B.M. MENSINKAI : Yes Sir, In England, the cases in the courts are cleared early. They have a special law for this. Here in our country the courts can dispose the cases quickly by applying this special law which is in vogue in England. The present procedure in our courts is very lengthy. In this regard,an amendment may be passed in the Parliament to avoid unnecessary delay to dispose the cases.

MR. CHAIRMAN : Now you please conclude.

SHRI B.M. MENSINKAI : Yes Sir. Once again I support this High Court and Supreme Court Judges Amendment Bill, 1998, which seeks to enhance the salaries of judges. I thank you for giving me an opportunity to speak. With these words, I conclude my speech.

|ÉÉä. +ÊVÉiÉ EòÖ¨ÉÉ®ú ¨Éä½þiÉÉ (ºÉ¨ÉºiÉÒ{ÉÖ®ú) : ºÉ¦ÉÉ{ÉÊiÉ VÉÒ, =SSÉ xªÉÉªÉÉ±ÉªÉÉäÆ B´ÉÆ ºÉ´ÉÉäÇSSÉ xªÉÉªÉÉ±ÉªÉ Eòä xªÉÉªÉ¨ÉÚÊiÉÇªÉÉäÆ EòÒ ºÉÖJÉ-ºÉÖÊ´ÉvÉÉ EòÉä ¤ÉgøÉxÉä Eòä Ê±ÉB ªÉ½þ Ê´ÉvÉäªÉEò ±ÉÉªÉÉ MÉªÉÉ ½þè*... ( Interruptions) SOME HON. MEMBERS: Sir, it is time. we will continue tomorrow... (Interruptions)

DR M. THAMBI DURAI: Sir, I have to go to a Cabinet Meeting.

MR. CHAIRMAN : All right. Prof. Mehta, you will continue tomorrow.

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Moved The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court And Supreme Court Judges ... on 16 December, 1998