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[Cites 26, Cited by 1]

Tripura High Court

State vs Omar Sharif @ Sueb on 14 February, 2020

Author: Arindam Lodh

Bench: Arindam Lodh

                        Page 1 of 41




                HIGH COURT OF TRIPURA
                      AGARTALA

          (1)    CRL. PETN. NO.56 OF 2019

The State of Tripura
                                       ........... State Petitioner(s)
             Versus

Omar Sharif @ Sueb
S/O Anu Miah,
Resident of Masjid Patti Road,
Shantipara, P.S. East Agartala,
District-West Tripura.
                            ......... Accused Respondent(s)
          (2)    CRL. PETN. NO.57 OF 2019

The State of Tripura
                                       ........... State Petitioner(s)
             Versus
1. Sri Sumit Chowdhury @ Babai
S/o Sri Sishir Kanti Chowdhury,
R/O Ramthakur Road, near
Udiyaman Sangha,
P.S. East Agartala, District-West Tripura.

2. Sri Sumit Banik @ Bapi,
S/O Sri Naresh Ch. Banik,
R/O Ram Thakur Road,
College Tilla, Adarsha Palli,
P.S. East Agartala, District-West Tripura.

3. Sri Sukanta Biswas @ Bapi,
S/o Lt. Sitandra Ch. Biswas,
R/O A.K. Road, Border Golchakar,
P.S. West Agartala,
District-West Tripura-799 002.
                             ......... Accused Respondent(s)

                BEFORE
   HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ARINDAM LODH
For Petitioner(s)         :    Mr. Ratan Datta, P.P.
For Respondent(s)         :    Mr. P.K. Biswas, Sr. Advocate
                               Mr. B. Deb, Advocate
                               Mr. S. Rahaman, Advocate
                               Mr. D.C. Roy, Advocate
                               Mr. A.K. Pal, Advocate
Date of hearing          :     14.02.2020
Date of delivery of Judgment
& Order                  :     18.02.2020

Whether fit for reporting :    YES
                           Page 2 of 41




                  JUDGMENT AND ORDER

          In both the aforesaid cases, the State of Tripura

has filed two separate petitions under Section 439(2) read

with Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 for

cancellation of bail orders dated 03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019,

passed by the learned Addl. Sessions Judge, Court No.2 in

Sessions Trial case No.ST(T-1) 103 of 2019, in connection

with West Agartala P.S. Case No.2019 WAG 172, registered

under Sections 307/326/34 of IPC, and added Section 302 of

the Code, granting bail of the accused persons.

2.        The prosecution case, in brief, is that one Smt.

Ranjana Das(mother of the deceased Budhisatta Das) had

lodged a complaint to the Officer-in-Charge, West Agartala

Police Station stating, inter alia, that her son, namely

Budhisatta Das, who was a Branch Manager of UCO Bank,

Dharmanagar Branch, came to Agartala on 02.08.2019, and

on 03.08.2019, at night, at about 2400 hrs., when Budhisatta

did not return back to home, she over telephone talked to

Budhisatta, who replied that he would return home very

shortly, but, as he did not return home, she further tried to

talk with him over phone, and on the phone she only heard

"G.B. G.B.", and thereafter, the complainant along with others

had rushed to G.B. Hospital and found that her son was lying

with multiple stab injuries, and on query, she learnt that on

03/04/08.2019, at about 0030 hrs., One Sumit, son of

proprietor, Kalika Jewelers, Sueb Miah and others, attacked
                            Page 3 of 41




upon her son by broken bottle with an intention to kill him,

and as a result, Budhisatta had sustained multiple injuries

upon his person and admitted to G.B. hospital at Agartala in

an alarming condition.

3.        On receipt of the said complaint, the West Agartala

Police Station had registered an FIR, being case No.2019 WAG

172 under Sections 307/326/34 of IPC and later on, on the

death of Budhisatta, Section 302 of the IPC was added.


4.        After registration of the case, being endorsed, S.I.,

Suman Ulla Kazi took up investigation and arrested the

accused persons, the respondents herein.


5.        Ultimately, Budhisatta Das, the deceased was

referred from G.B.P. Hospital, Agartala on 07.08.2019 to

Medica Super Specialty Hospital, Kolkata and on 16.08.2019

at 9.40 am, he succumbed to his injuries.


6.        A number of bail applications were submitted by

the accused-respondents and on 19.10.2019, the learned

Chief Judicial Magistrate, West Tripura, Agartala had rejected

the bail application submitted by the accused persons.


7.        On 01.11.2019, the investigating officer submitted

charge-sheet being No.73/2019 under Section 302/34 of IPC

along with the prayer for custody trial of the above named

accused   persons,   and   thereafter     the   instant   case   was

committed to the learned Court of Sessions Judge, West

Tripura, Agartala, but, the learned Sessions Judge transferred
                           Page 4 of 41




the case before the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Court

No.2, West Tripura, Agartala.


8.         On   07.11.2019,     the   respondents   No.1   to   4

preferred bail applications before the learned Additional

Sessions Judge, Court No.2, West Tripura, Agartala and the

learned Additional Sessions Judge, Court No.5, the In-charge

of Additional Sessions Judge, Court No.2, after hearing both

the sides, rejected the bail applications and fixed the date on

11.11.2019 for production of accused persons.


           Again on 11.11.2019, the accused-respondents

preferred bail applications before the learned Court and after

hearing both the defence and the prosecution the learned

Court had rejected the bail application and remanded all the

accused persons to jail custody till 18.12.2019 and also fixed

next date on 18.12.2019 for hearing on charge.


9.         Thereafter, on 03.12.2019, the investigating officer

of the instant case bearing No.ST(T-1) 103 of 2019 submitted

a report along with seizure list, MVI report, screen report of

seized vehicle before the learned Addl. Sessions Judge, Court

No.2, West Tripura, Agartala with a prayer for tagging with

the judicial docket as per O/S dated 30.11.2019.


           It is pertinent to mention that as per prayer of one

Sishir Kanti Chowdhury, owner of vehicle, bearing No.TR01-

AJ-0222 detained in connection with case No.ST(T-1) 103 of

2019, the case record was put up and the learned Judge by

order dated 30.11.2019 directed the investigating officer to
                           Page 5 of 41




submit a report regarding seizure of documents of the vehicle

in connection with the above mentioned P.S. case within three

days and accordingly the I.O. on 03.12.2019 by an application

dated 03.12.2019 submitted the same before the learned

Court.


10.        The other accused persons arrested in connection

with ST(T-1) 103 of 2019 had moved a bail application before

the learned Court below contending that since a seizure list

had been submitted, the final report so submitted earlier was

not complete and therefore the accused persons were entitled

to go on bail and the learned Court allowed the three accused

persons, namely Sumit Chowdhury @ Babai, Sumit Banik @

Bapi and Sukanta Biswas to go on bail by order dated

03.12.2019 and on the same ground Sueb Ali, one of the

accused persons was released on bail by an order dated

04.12.2019.

11.        Challenge   here    is   both   the   orders   dated

03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019 passed by the Court below

releasing the accused-persons on bail.

12.        Learned P.P., Mr. Ratan Datta arguing strenuously

before this Court submitted that the observation and the

grounds that "It is also found that though IO has filed charge

sheet but still he has kept the investigation open for further

investigation. It is also found that this accused was arrested

in this case on 05.08.2019. As other accused persons have

already been granted on bail in this case, the bail application
                             Page 6 of 41




of the accused is allowed. Hence, the accused person namely,

Omar Sharif is allowed to go on bail on furnishing bail bond of

Rs. 5,00,000/- with two sureties out of which one must be a

Group-C Government servant serving under the Govt. of

Tripura on condition that the accused persons shall attend the

Court   on    each   and   every     date   fixed.",   are   wholly

misconceived.

             Later on, the learned P.P. added, in the said order

dated 04.12.2019 that "Three separate bail bonds submitted

on behalf of the accused persons namely Sumit Banik @ Bapi,

Sumit Choudhury @ Babai and Sukanta Biswas amounting Rs.

5,00,000/- (five lakh) each with two sureties of like amount in

view of order dated 03.02.2019. which are checked, the same

are found correct and accordingly accepted.", are also wholly

misconceived.


13.          Learned P.P. submitted that in the charge-sheet,

there is no indication that further investigation is necessary,

nor there was any reflection expressing any intention to file

supplementary charge-sheet in future as the investigation has

already been completed. Even, in the seizure report, dated

03.12.2019, submitted by the I.O. before the learned Addl.

Sessions Judge, there was no clue that further investigation

was necessary, but, the learned trial Court after hearing the

parties concluded that the investigation was still in progress

and allowed the respondents to go on bail by orders dated

03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019.
                                 Page 7 of 41




              Continuing his submission, learned P.P. produced

the entire case diary of the case before this Court and had

drawn the attention of the Court about the materials surfaced

by the investigating officer in course of his investigation.

Learned P.P. submitted that there is sufficient direct evidence

supported by two witnesses. There was dying declaration; the

dying declaration was recorded by videographer, duly certified

under Section 65(b) of the Evidence Act. Accused Omar Sharif

is a habitual professional killer, who was connected with

various murder cases earlier. Accused Sumit Chowdhury is the

son of one of the affluent jewelry house, and accused Sumit

Banik also is a very rich and affluent person, closely

connected with Sumit Chowdhury. Accused Sukanta Biswas is

a Sub-Inspector of Police. All are very influential persons, and

it will not be very difficult to win over the two eye-witnesses if

they are released on bail. Lastly, learned P.P. strongly urged

for setting aside the orders dated 03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019

granting bail to the accused persons.


14.           On the other hand, defending the orders granting

bail to the accused persons, Mr. P.K. Biswas, learned Sr.

counsel, assisted by Mr. B. Deb appearing for the accused

persons-respondents herein, submitted that from the nature

of charge-sheet as submitted by the investigating officer, it is

apparent that the investigation has not been completed. After

filing   of   the   final   report,   the   investigating   officer   has

submitted seizure list of the offending vehicle, which was

sufficient to justify the observation and ground made by the
                            Page 8 of 41




learned   Court   below   that   investigation   has   not   been

completed and it is still going on.


           Mr. Biswas, learned Sr. counsel further submitted

that for the purpose of further investigation, a formal

application has to be submitted by the investigating officer

and only on being permitted by the Court, the I.O. can

proceed with further investigation. According to Mr. Biswas,

learned Sr. counsel, since the statutory period of 90(ninety)

days was over and investigation still has been going on, the

accused persons are entitled to have the advantage of default

bail.

15.        On the evidentiary value of the case, learned Sr.

counsel has submitted that there are serious contradictions

and the statements of the eye-witnesses are not credible and

at best it could be a case of Section 304B of IPC. All the

accused persons and the deceased were friends. There was

sudden altercation and provocation, resulting into the death of

the deceased.


           In support of his submission, learned Sr. counsel,

Mr. Biswas has relied upon the decisions of the Apex Court in

Hasanbhai Valibhai Qureshi vs. State of Gujarat & Ors.,

reported in (2004) 5 SCC 347(para 13), Vinay Tyagi vs.

Irshad Ali alias Deepak & Ors., reported in (2013) 5 SCC

762(para 22) and State(Delhi Administration) vs. Sanjay

Gandhi, reported in 1978 SCC(Cri) 223(p.230, para 13, 14

and 15) and the case of Union of India vs. Indrajit Deb,
                               Page 9 of 41




the order being passed on 13.07.2019 in Criminal Petition

No.14 of 2018(para 8), decided by this Court.


16.        Mr. Biswas, learned Sr. counsel has tried to

persuade this Court the nature of the statements made by the

eye-witnesses under Section 164(5) of CrPC that Sri Basu

Kar, one of the eye-witnesses is not the eye-witness at all and

he is a hearsay witness. The said eye-witness had heard the

incident from one Kishore Pal, another eye-witness to the

incident, whose statements were also recorded under Section

164(5) of CrPC in course of investigation.

17.        Before I delve into the merits of the instant two

petitions for cancellation of bail, I like to travel through some

of the authorities where the law relating to various situations

for cancelling the bail granted to an accused has been

discussed and settled.

18.        In Manjit Prakash & Ors. vs. Shobha Devi &

Anr. reported in (2009) 13 SCC 785, it was observed that:

           6. "7. It is trite law that the considerations for grant of bail and
        cancellation of bail stand on different footings. By a majority
        judgment in Aslam Babalal Desai v. State of Maharashtra [(1992)
        4 SCC 272 : 1992 SCC (Cri) 870] the circumstances when bail
        granted can be cancelled were highlighted in the following words:
        (SCC pp. 289-90, para 11)
                „11. On a conjoint reading of Sections 57 and 167 of the
             Code it is clear that the legislative object was to ensure
             speedy investigation after a person has been taken in custody.
             It expects that the investigation should be completed within 24
             hours and if this is not possible within 15 days and failing that
             within the time stipulated in clause (a) of the proviso to
             Section 167(2) of the Code. The law expects that the
                 Page 10 of 41




investigation must be completed with dispatch and the role of
the Magistrate is to oversee the course of investigation and to
prevent abuse of the law by the investigating agency. As stated
earlier, the legislative history shows that before the
introduction of the proviso to Section 167(2) the maximum
time allowed to the investigating agency was 15 days under
sub-section (2) of Section 167 failing which the accused could
be enlarged on bail. From experience this was found to be
insufficient particularly in complex cases and hence the
proviso was added to enable the Magistrate to detain the
accused in custody for a period exceeding 15 days but not
exceeding the outer limit fixed under proviso (a) to that sub-
section. We may here mention that the period prescribed by
the proviso has been enlarged by State amendments and
wherever there is such enlargement, the proviso will have to
be read accordingly. The purpose and object of providing for
the release of the accused under sub-section (2) of Section
167 on the failure of the investigating agency completing the
investigation within the extended time allowed by the proviso
was to instil a sense of urgency in the investigating agency to
complete the investigation promptly and within the statutory
time-frame. The deeming fiction of correlating the release on
bail under sub-section (2) of Section 167 with Chapter XXXIII
i.e. Sections 437 and 439 of the Code, was to treat the order
as one passed under the latter provisions. Once the order of
release is by fiction of law an order passed under Section
437(1) or (2) or Section 439(1) it follows as a natural
consequence that the said order can be cancelled under sub-
section (5) of Section 437 or sub-section (2) of Section 439 on
considerations relevant for cancellation of an order
thereunder.   As    stated   in Raghubir    Singh v. State   of
Bihar [(1986) 4 SCC 481 : 1986 SCC (Cri) 511] the grounds
for cancellation under Sections 437(5) and 439(2) are
identical, namely, bail granted under Section 437(1) or (2) or
Section 439(1) can be cancelled where (i) the accused misuses
his liberty by indulging in similar criminal activity, (ii)
interferes with the course of investigation, (iii) attempts to
tamper with evidence or witnesses, (iv) threatens witnesses or
                       Page 11 of 41




     indulges in similar activities which would hamper smooth
     investigation, (v) there is likelihood of his fleeing to another
     country, (vi) attempts to make himself scarce by going
     underground or becoming unavailable to the investigating
     agency, (vii) attempts to place himself beyond the reach of his
     surety, etc. These grounds are illustrative and not exhaustive.
     It must also be remembered that rejection of bail stands on
     one footing but cancellation of bail is a harsh order because it
     interferes with the liberty of the individual and hence it must
     not be lightly resorted to."
   8. It is, therefore, clear that when a person to whom bail has
been granted either tries to interfere with the course of justice or
attempts to tamper with evidence or witnesses or threatens
witnesses or indulges in similar activities which would hamper
smooth investigation or trial, bail granted can be cancelled.
Rejection of bail stands on one footing, but cancellation of bail is a
harsh order because it takes away the liberty of an individual
granted and is not to be lightly resorted to.
   7. In Kalyan Chandra Sarkar v. Rajesh Ranjan [(2004) 7 SCC
528 : 2004 SCC (Cri) 1977] it was noted as follows: (SCC pp. 535-
36, para 11)
         "11. The law in regard to grant or refusal of bail is very
     well settled. The court granting bail should exercise its
     discretion in a judicious manner and not as a matter of
     course. Though at the stage of granting bail a detailed
     examination of evidence and elaborate documentation of the
     merit of the case need not be undertaken, there is a need to
     indicate in such orders reasons for prima facie concluding
     why bail was being granted particularly where the accused is
     charged of having committed a serious offence. Any order
     devoid of such reasons would suffer from non-application of
     mind. It is also necessary for the court granting bail to
     consider among other circumstances, the following factors
     also before granting bail; they are:
         (a) The nature of accusation and the severity of
     punishment in case of conviction and the nature of supporting
     evidence.
                      Page 12 of 41




        (b) Reasonable apprehension of tampering with the
     witness or apprehension of threat to the complainant.
        (c) Prima facie satisfaction of the court in support of the
     charge. (See Ram Govind Upadhyay v. Sudarshan Singh
     [(2002)    3    SCC     598     :   2002   SCC     (Cri)    688]
     and Puran v. Rambilas [(2001) 6 SCC 338 : 2001 SCC (Cri)
     1124] .)
   8. It was also noted in the said case that the conditions laid
down under Section 437(1)(i) are sine qua non for granting bail
even under Section 439 of the Code.
   9. In para 14 it was noted as follows:
        "14. We have already noticed from the arguments of
     learned counsel for the appellant that the present accused had
     earlier made seven applications for grant of bail which were
     rejected by the High Court and some such rejections have
     been affirmed by this Court also. It is seen from the records
     that when the fifth application for grant of bail was allowed
     by the High Court, the same was challenged before this Court
     and this Court accepted the said challenge by allowing the
     appeal filed by the Union of India and another and cancelled
     the bail granted by the High Court as per the order of this
     Court made in Union of India v. Rajesh Ranjan [(2004) 7
     SCC 539 : 2004 SCC (Cri) 1987] . While cancelling the said
     bail this Court specifically held that the fact that the present
     accused was in custody for more than one year (at that time)
     and the further fact that while rejecting an earlier application,
     the High Court had given liberty to renew the bail application
     in future, were not grounds envisaged under Section 437(1)(i)
     of the Code. This Court also in specific terms held that the
     condition laid down under Section 437(1)(i) is sine qua non
     for granting bail even under Section 439 of the Code. In the
     impugned order it is noticed that the High Court has given the
     period of incarceration already undergone by the accused and
     the unlikelihood of trial concluding in the near future as
     grounds sufficient to enlarge the accused on bail, in spite of
     the fact that the accused stands charged of offences
     punishable with life imprisonment or even death penalty. In
                        Page 13 of 41




     such cases, in our opinion, the mere fact that the accused has
     undergone certain period of incarceration (three years in this
     case) by itself would not entitle the accused to being enlarged
     on bail, nor the fact that the trial is not likely to be concluded
     in the near future either by itself or coupled with the period of
     incarceration would be sufficient for enlarging the appellant
     on bail when the gravity of the offence alleged is severe and
     there are allegations of tampering with the witnesses by the
     accused during the period he was on bail."
   10. Even though the re-appreciation of the evidence as done by
the court granting bail is to be avoided, the court dealing with an
application for cancellation of bail under Section 439(2) can
consider    whether    irrelevant   materials    were     taken   into
consideration. That is so because it is not known as to what extent
the irrelevant materials weighed with the court for accepting the
prayer for bail.
   11. In Puran v. Rambilas [(2001) 6 SCC 338 : 2001 SCC (Cri)
1124] it was noted as follows: (SCC p. 345, para 11)
           "11. Further, it is to be kept in mind that the concept of
       setting aside the unjustified illegal or perverse order is
       totally different from the concept of cancelling the bail on
       the ground that the accused has misconducted himself or
       because of some new facts requiring such cancellation. This
       position is made clear by this Court in Gurcharan
       Singh v. State (Delhi Admn.) [(1978) 1 SCC 118 : 1978 SCC
       (Cri) 41] . In that case the Court observed as under: (SCC p.
       124, para 16)
           „16. ... If, however, a Court of Session had admitted an
       accused person to bail, the State has two options. It may
       move the Sessions Judge if certain new circumstances have
       arisen which were not earlier known to the State and
       necessarily, therefore, to that court. The State may as well
       approach the High Court being the superior court under
       Section 439(2) to commit the accused to custody. When,
       however, the State is aggrieved by the order of the Sessions
       Judge granting bail and there are no new circumstances that
       have cropped up except those already existing, it is futile for
                                Page 14 of 41




                the State to move the Sessions Judge again and it is
                competent in law to move the High Court for cancellation of
                the bail. This position follows from the subordinate position
                of the Court of Session vis-à-vis the High Court.‟ "
             12. The perversity as highlighted in Puran case [(2001) 6 SCC
        338 : 2001 SCC (Cri) 1124] can also flow from the fact that as
        noted    above,    irrelevant    materials    have   been   taken   into
        consideration adding vulnerability to the order granting bail. The
        irrelevant materials should be of a substantial nature and not of a
        trivial nature.
             13. Since the High Court has not indicated any reasons for
        directing cancellation of bail, the impugned order cannot be
        maintained and is set aside. The matter is remitted to the High
        Court to decide the matter afresh and dispose of the application
        filed. We make it clear that we have not expressed any opinion on
        the merits of the case."

19.          I may profitably refer the case of Kalyan Chandra

Sarkar v. Rajesh Ranjan @ Pappu Yadav & Anr. reported

in (2004) 7 SCC 528 where the Apex Court had held that:

             " The law in regard to grant or refusal of bail is very well
        settled. The court granting bail should exercise its discretion in a
        judicious manner and not as a matter of course. Though at the
        stage of granting bail a detailed examination of evidence and
        elaborate documentation of the merit of the case need not be
        undertaken, there is a need to indicate in such orders reasons for
        prima facie concluding why bail was being granted particularly
        where the accused is charged of having committed a serious
        offence. Any order devoid of such reasons would suffer from non-
        application of mind. It is also necessary for the court granting bail
        to      consider      among           other   circumstances...............
        ........................ ..................................................................

20.          While     deciding         the      case[Kalyan        Chandra

Sarkar(supra)], the Apex Court further noticed that the High

Court has given the period of incarceration already undergone
                           Page 15 of 41




by the accused and the unlikelihood of trial concluding in the

near future as grounds sufficient to enlarge the accused on

bail, in spite of the fact that the accused stands charged of

offences punishable with life imprisonment or even death

penalty. In such cases, in our opinion, the mere fact that the

accused has undergone certain period of incarceration(three

years in this case) by itself would not entitle the accused to

being enlarged on bail, nor the fact that the trial is not likely

to be concluded in the near future either by itself or coupled

with the period of incarceration would be sufficient for

enlarging the appellant on bail when the gravity of the offence

alleged is severe and there are allegations of tampering with

the witnesses by the accused during the period he was on

bail.

21.        It was further observed in the case of Kalyan

Chandra Sarkar(supra) that though an accused has a right

to make successive applications for grant of bail the court

entertaining such subsequent bail applications has a duty to

consider the reasons and grounds on which the earlier bail

applications were rejected. In such cases, the court also has a

duty to record what are the fresh grounds which persuade it

to take a view different from the one taken in the earlier

applications. In the impugned order we do not see any such

fresh ground recorded by the High Court while granting bail.

It also failed to take into consideration that at least on four

occasions order refusing bail has been affirmed by this Court

and subsequently when the High Court did grant bail, the
                               Page 16 of 41




Apex Court by its order dated 26-7-2000 cancelled the said

bail by a reasoned order. From the impugned order, the Apex

Court, did not notice any indication of the fact that the High

Court took note of the grounds which persuaded the Apex

Court to cancel the bail. The Apex Court thus observed that

such approach of the High Court is violative of the principle of

binding nature of judgments of the superior court rendered in

a lis between the same parties, and in effect tends to ignore

and thereby render ineffective the principles enunciated

therein which have a binding character.

22.           From the above authorities, in my opinion, the

following factors are to be borne in mind while granting or

rejecting of bail:

      (i)     Detailed examination of the evidence and elaborate

      documentation of the merit of the case need not be

      discussed or looked into;

      (ii)    Prima   facie   materials       on   record   are   to   be

      considered;

      (iii)   The nature of accusation and the severity of

      punishment in case of conviction and the nature of

      support evidence;

      (iv)    Whether there is reasonable apprehension to win

      over the witnesses or to tamper the evidence;

      (v)     Prima facie satisfaction of the Court in support of

      the charge;

      (vi)    Danger of the accused absconding or fleeing;

      (vii)   The position and standard of the accused;
                                   Page 17 of 41




      (viii)    The court has to notice the grounds on which

      earlier bail applications were rejected and the Court will

      have to give specific reasons why in support of such

      earlier rejection the subsequent application for bail should

      be granted.

23.             Bearing in mind the aforesaid principles, which, on

facts are relevant also to decide the present petitions, I will

now proceed to consider the merits of the present petitions,

preferred by the State of Tripura asking the Court to set aside

the orders dated 03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019 by way of

cancellation of bail granted to the accused persons by the Ld.

Addl. Sessions Judge.

24.             From the arguments as canvassed by the learned

counsels, I have noticed that the reasons assigned by the

learned Sessions Judge that with the submission of the

seizure        list   after   filing   of    charge-sheet     amounts      to

continuation or non-completion of the process of investigation

carried on by the investigating officer. Eventually, it has to be

tested whether such act of the investigating officer amounts

to "further investigation" or "fresh investigation".

25.             Learned Sr. counsel, Mr. P.K. Biswas, in course of

his submission read over the relevant portion where the

investigating officer while submitting the charge-sheet had

made      an      observation.     The      said   relevant   proportion   is

necessary to be reproduced which is as under:-

                       "Under the above facts and circumstances I,
           do here by submit charge sheet vide west Agartala
                           Page 18 of 41




        PS Charge Sheet no-73/19, Dated-01/11/19, U/S-
        302/34 IPC against 1) Sumit Chowdhury(31) @ Babai
        S/O Sri Sishir Kanti Chowdhury of Ramthakur Road,
        near Udiyaman Sangha PS East Agartala 2) Omar
        Sharif @ Sueb(35) S/O Anu Miah of Masjid patty road
        Shantipara PS East Agartala, 3) Sumit Banik @
        Bapi(35) S/O Sri Naresh Ch. Banik of Ramthakur road
        Collegetilla, Adarshapally, PS-East Agartala and 4)
        Sukanta Biswas(44) S/O Lt. Sitendra Ch. Biswas of
        A.K. Road Boarder Golchakar PS-West Agartala in c/w
        the instant case keeping open further investigation of
        the case as per provision u/s-167(8) CrPC to face
        trial in the open Court of Law for its fair ends of
        Justice. Witnesses may kindly be summoned to prove
        the case."

            Mr. P.K. Biswas had laid much emphasis on the

language,   "..........................the       instant   case   keeping   open

further investigation of the case as per provision u/s-167(8)

CrPC to face trial .............................." and submitted that the

said observation of the I.O. is quite indicative of the fact that

investigation has not been completed and it is still going on

and further, when the said further investigation would be

completed that could not be forcing. On the basis of that

submission, the learned Sessions Court in his order dated

03.12.2019 in connection with ST(T-1) 103 of 2019 had

granted bail to the accused persons observing that:-

        "Further investigation followed by further report in
        final form may take either a longer time or a short
        time and in such a situation trial of the case cannot
        be commenced till before submission of further report
        in final form after completion of further investigation,
                          Page 19 of 41




        but for that reason the accused persons cannot be
        detained in custody for a(sic) uncertain period".

           Accordingly, the accused persons namely, Sumit

Chowdhury @ Babai, Sumit Banik @ Bapi and Sukanta Biswas

were released on bail. On the next date, i.e. on 04.12.2019

while entertaining a bail application being put up, the learned

Sessions Judge had released Omar Sharif @ Sueb, another

accused-respondent     herein   by       making   the   following

observations:

           "I perused the record and it is found that vide
        order dated 03.12.2019 other three accused persons
        have already been granted bail. It is also found that
        though IO has filed charge sheet but still he has kept
        the investigation open for further investigation. It is
        also found that this accused was arrested in this case
        on 05.08.2019. As other accused persons have
        already been granted on bail in this case, the bail
        application of the accused is allowed. Hence, the
        accused person namely, Omar Sharif is allowed to go
        on bail on furnishing bail bond of Rs. 5,00,000/- with
        two sureties out of which one must be a Group-C
        Government servant serving under the Govt. of
        Tripura on condition that the accused persons shall
        attend the Court on each and every date fixed."

26.        I have given my thoughtful consideration to the

submission of learned P.P. that the investigation was wholly

completed and after completion of investigation charge-sheet

was submitted on 01.11.2019 and the observation that the

said charge-sheet has been filed keeping open further

investigation of the case as per provision under Section
                             Page 20 of 41




167(8) of CrPC has wrongly been quoted by the I.O. out of his

ignorance of law or by typographical error. It would be

Section 173(8) CrPC instead of Section 167(8) CrPC.


27.       At the time of consideration of the merits of the

rival submissions, I have perused the order dated 11.11.2019

passed by the learned Sessions Court wherein the learned

Court below while hearing two separate bail applications filed

by the accused persons rejected the prayer for granting bail

by way of making following observations:-

                "Learned P.P., however, defended the prayer
        for custody trial of the accused persons and stated
        that since the charge sheet in the case has been filed
        within the statutory period and as such right to be
        released on bail has been extinguished. In support of
        his contention learned P.P. has relied on a judgment
        of Calcutta High Court reported in 2009 (4) CalL T
        597:2009 Legal Eagle 533 (Chandu Mondal VS State
        of West Bengal).
                The prima facie material so far available in
        the final report (charge sheet) submitted by IO it
        appears that all the accused persons are involved in
        committing murder of a Bank Manager in the heart of
        the City of Agartala. Therefore, the alleged offence
        can be said to be serious in nature. So considering
        nature of the offence I find it inappropriate to grant
        bail to the accused persons. Hence, both the bail
        applications stands rejected at this stage.
                All the accused persons are remanded to JC
        till 18.12.2019."

28.       Charge-sheet was filed on 01.11.2019. However,

on 02.12.2019, the investigating officer forwarded a seizure
                              Page 21 of 41




list and MVI report with a prayer for tagging the same with

the Judicial Docket. In his forwarding report, the I.O. has

stated inter alia that:-

          "On secret input regarding use of one vehicle before
         and after commission of crime on 18/11/2019 one
         vehicle bearing registration no.TR01 AJ 0222 Vento
         Highline,   Vide    Chasis    No.WVWH12602DT011296,
         Engine No.CLS089686 and its registration certificate
         which is owned by Sri Shishir Kanti Chowdhury, S/O-
         Lt. Manmohan        Chowdhury, of   Ramthakur Road,
         Agartala, PS-East Agartala, were seized in c/w the
         case. During investigation I have also arranged
         mechanical examination of the above noted seized
         vehicle and collected the MVI report and its screen
         report. The original seizure list, MVI report and
         screen report of the above noted seized vehicle are
         enclosed herewith with a prayer for tagging with the
         judicial docket."

29.        On 30.11.2019, an application was filed by Sri

Shishir Kanti Chowdhury, the owner of the vehicle for

releasing the said vehicle on bail. Now, whether filing of the

seizure list in the trial Court with a prayer to tag it with case

record tantamounts to undertaking of further investigation,

and if so, whether it has the authority of law.

30.        In this regard, I may profitably rely upon the 41 st

report of the Law Commission as referred to by the Apex

Court in Ram Lal Narang vs. State(Delhi Administration)

reported in (1979) 2 SCC 322, where the object of incorporation

of Sub-Section(8) of Section 173 of CrPC was considered as under

(SCC pp.333, 334, para 15):-
                   Page 22 of 41




"15...........................................................................................
................................................................................................

The Law Commission in its 41st report recognized the position and recommended that the right of the police to make further investigation should be statutorily affirmed. The Law Commission said:

"14.23. A report under Section 173 is normally the end of the investigation.
Sometimes, however, the police officer after submitting the report under Section 173 comes upon evidence bearing on the guilt or innocence of the accused. We should have thought that the police officer can collect that evidence and send it to the Magistrate concerned. It appears, however, that Courts have sometimes taken the narrow view that once a final report under Section 173 has been sent, the police cannot touch the case again and cannot re-open the investigation. This view places a hindrance in the way of the investigating agency, which can be very unfair to the prosecution and, for that matter, even to the accused. It should be made clear in Section 173 that the competent police officer can examine such evidence and send a report to the Magistrate. Copies concerning the fresh material must of course be furnished to the accused."
Accordingly, in the CrPC, 1973, a new provision, Section 173(8), was introduced and it says:
"Nothing in this section shall be deemed to preclude further investigation in respect of an offence after a report under sub-section (2) has been forwarded to the Magistrate and, where upon such investigation, the officer in charge of Page 23 of 41 the police station obtains further evidence, oral or documentary, he shall forward to the Magistrate a further report or reports regarding such evidence in the form prescribed; and the provisions of sub-sections (2) to (6) shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to such report or reports as they apply in relation to a report forwarded under sub-section (2)."

31. In the case of Vinay Tyagi(supra), the Apex Court had an occasion to discuss the meaning "Further Investigation". In para 22 it was held:

"22. "Further investigation" is where the investigating officer obtains further oral or documentary evidence after the final report has been filed before the court in terms of Section 173(8). This power is vested with the executive. It is the continuation of previous investigation and, therefore, is understood and described as "further investigation". The scope of such investigation is restricted to the discovery of further oral and documentary evidence. Its purpose is to bring the true facts before the court even if they are discovered at a subsequent stage to the primary investigation. It is commonly described as "supplementary report". "Supplementary report"

would be the correct expression as the subsequent investigation is meant and intended to supplement the primary investigation conducted by the empowered police officer. Another significant feature of further investigation is that it does not have the effect of wiping out directly or impliedly the initial investigation conducted by the investigating agency. This is a kind of continuation of the previous investigation. The basis is discovery of fresh evidence and in continuation of the same offence and chain of Page 24 of 41 events relating to the same occurrence incidental thereto. In other words, it has to be understood in complete contradistinction to a "reinvestigation", "fresh" or "de novo" investigation."

32. At para 23 of the case of Vinay Tyagi(supra), the Apex Court had expressed that:

"23. However, in the case of a "fresh investigation", "reinvestigation" or "de novo investigation" there has to be a definite order of the court. The order of the court unambiguously should state as to whether the previous investigation, for reasons to be recorded, is incapable of being acted upon. ....................................... ............................................".

33. From the above interpretative analysis, it is understood that "further investigation" is limited to the discovery of new oral or documentary evidence and the investigating agency is always vested with the power to bring such newly discovered materials to the notice of the Court for ends of justice.

34. In the instant cases, there is no such prayer for "fresh investigation", "re-investigation" or "De novo investigation" for which the permission of the appropriate court is mandatory. Here, true it is, the I.O. has submitted final report(charge-sheet) on 01.11.2019 and subsequent thereto, on secret input, the vehicle used by the accused persons at the relevant point of time was seized on 18.11.2019 and after mechanical examination, the police had only made a prayer to the court to tag the reports with the judicial docket. The investigating officer has not prayed for Page 25 of 41 "re-investigation" or "fresh investigation" or "de novo investigation" which may definitely cause the delay of completing trial. In my view, the learned P.P. has correctly said that out of ignorance of law, the investigating officer has quoted Section 167(8) of CrPC for further investigation.

35. Having regard to the aforesaid legal position, I find in the present case, the primary grounds for releasing the accused persons on bail as shown by the learned Sessions Judge that the filing of the seizure list relating to the vehicle connected with the commission of crime would any way cause delay of the process of trial regardless of the fact that there is no prayer for "fresh investigation", "reinvestigation" or "de novo investigation". As such, I am unable to agree with the reasoning of the learned Addl. Sessions Judge to release the accused persons on bail. In my opinion, the Addl. Sessions Judge was unnecessarily swayed with such type of hyper- technical issues in granting bail to the accused persons without considering the adequacy and veracity of the evidence and other related issues as emanated in the case. Accordingly, I am unable to accept the submission of learned Sr. counsel, Mr. P.K. Biswas who has defended the reasoning as assigned by the learned Addl. Sessions Judge to release the accused-respondents on bail on the pretext that investigation was still going on and it would cause delay of the completion of the process of trial. Contrary thereto, next date has already been fixed by the learned Sessions Judge to frame charge.

Page 26 of 41

36. In the instant case, after the vehicle connected with the offence being seized on secret information, the investigating officer has submitted a seizure list along with mechanical report of the vehicle for tagging the same with case docket. A plain reading of the provisions of Section 173(8) of CrPC clearly demonstrates that the investigating officer after filing of charge-sheet cannot be said to have precluded from furnishing such newly discovered document with a prayer to tag the same with the case docket without affecting or frustrating the final report which he earlier submitted.

37. In the case of Hasanbhai Valibhai Qureshi(supra), the Apex Court referring to one of its earlier decision in Ram Lal Narang vs. State(Delhi Administration) reported in (1979) 2 SCC 322 had held as under in para 13:-

"13. In Ram Lal Narang Vs. State(Delhi Admn.) it was observed by this Court that further investigation is not altogether ruled out merely because cognisance has been taken by the Court. When defective investigation comes to light during course of trial, it may be cured by further investigation, if circumstances so permitted. It would ordinarily be desirable and all the more so in this case, that the police should inform the court and seek formal permission to make further investigation when fresh facts come to light instead of being silent over the matter keeping in view only the need for an early trial since an effective trial for real or actual offences found during course of proper investigation is as much relevant, desirable and necessary as an expeditious disposal of the matter by the courts. In Page 27 of 41 view of the aforesaid position in law, if there is necessity for further investigation, the same can certainly be done as prescribed by law. The mere fact that there may be further delay in concluding the trial should not stand in the way of further investigation if that would help the court in arriving at the truth and do real and substantial as well as effective justice. We make it clear that we have not expressed any final opinion on the merits of the case"

38. In the case in hand, after filing of charge-sheet, the investigating officer was able to seize the vehicle connected with the crime and it is desirable that the police would inform the same to the learned Court with the prayer to tag it with the case docket. For obvious reason, the said action of the investigating officer, thus, falls within the ambit of the provision of Section 173(8) of CrPC and it would be beyond any logic to hold that such action of police would cause delay for commencement of trial.

It is not the case of the accused-respondents herein that they are in any way prejudiced due to the filing of the seizure list before the Court. Of course, they are entitled to be supplied with the said copy of the seizure list, which the prosecution or the Court would definitely supply to the accused persons.

39. This Court will decide the merits of the petitions filed by the State praying for cancellation of bail. A Court may grant or reject bail application filed by an accused; but, once bail is granted, its cancellation for obvious reason stands on Page 28 of 41 quite distinct and different footings. True it is, that it is the bounden duty of the courts to ensure free and fair trial to render real, substantial and effective justice which is an absurdity without the aid of the witnesses as well as participation of accused connected with the case. Sitting in this complex situation, I have taken due consideration to the decision of the Apex Court in State (Delhi Administration) vs. Sanjay Gandhi reported in 1978 SCC(Cri) 223 wherein a three-judge bench has observed thus:-

"13. Rejection of bail when bail is applied for is one thing; cancellation of bail already granted is quite another. It is easier to reject a bail application in a non-bailable case than to cancel a bail granted in such a case. Cancellation of bail necessarily involves the review of a decision already made and can by and large be permitted only if, by reason of supervening circumstances, it would be no longer conducive to a fair trial to allow the accused to retain his freedom during the trial.
.......................................................................................... .......................................................................................... .................................... In other words, the objective fact that witnesses have turned hostile must be shown to bear a causal connection with the subjective involvement therein of the respondent. Without such proof, a bail once granted cannot be cancelled on the off chance or on the supposition that witnesses have been won over by the accused. Inconsistent testimony can no more be ascribed by itself to the influence of the accused than consistent testimony, by itself, can be ascribed to the pressure of the prosecution. Therefore, Mr Mulla is right that one has to countenance a reasonable possibility that the employees of Maruti like the approver Yadav might have, of their own volition, attempted to protect the respondent from involvement in criminal charges. Their willingness now to oblige the respondent would depend upon how much the respondent has obliged them in the past. It is therefore necessary for the prosecution to show some act Page 29 of 41 or conduct on the part of the respondent from which a reasonable inference may arise that the witnesses have gone back on their statements as a result of an intervention by or on behalf of the respondent.
14. Before we go to the facts of the case, it is necessary to consider what precisely is the nature of the burden which rests on the prosecution in an application for cancellation of bail. Is it necessary for the prosecution to prove by a mathematical certainty or even beyond a reasonable doubt that the witnesses have turned hostile because they are won over by the accused? We think not. The issue of cancellation of bail can only arise in criminal cases, but that does not mean that every incidental matter in a criminal case must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt like the guilt of the accused. Whether an accused is absconding and therefore his property can be attached under Section 83 of the Criminal Procedure Code, whether a search of person or premises was taken as required by the provisions of Section 100 of the Code, whether a confession is recorded in strict accordance with the requirements of Section 164 of the Code and whether a fact was discovered in consequence of information received from an accused as required by Section 27 of the Evidence Act are all matters which fall peculiarly within the ordinary sweep of criminal trials. But though the guilt of the accused in cases which involve the assessment of these facts has to be established beyond a reasonable doubt, these various facts are not required to be proved by the same rigorous standard. Indeed, proof of facts by preponderance of probabilities as in a civil case is not foreign to criminal jurisprudence because, in cases where the statute raises a presumption of guilt as, for example, the Prevention of Corruption Act, the accused is entitled to rebut that presumption by proving his defence by a balance of probabilities. He does not have to establish his case beyond a reasonable doubt. The same standard of proof as in a civil case applies to proof of incidental issues involved in a criminal trial like the cancellation of bail of an accused. The prosecution, therefore, can establish its case in an application for cancellation of bail by showing on a preponderance of probabilities that the accused has attempted to tamper or has tampered with its witnesses. Proving by Page 30 of 41 the test of balance of probabilities that the accused has abused his liberty or that there is a reasonable apprehension that he will interfere with the course of justice is all that is necessary for the prosecution to do in order to succeed in an application for cancellation of bail."

40. In the case of Sanjay Gandhi (Supra) the Apex Court at para 25 has observed that:-

"25. The power to cancel bail was exercised by the Bombay High Court in Madhukar Purshottam Mondkar v. Talab Haji Hussain [AIR 1958 Bom 406 : 60 Bom LR 465] where the accused was charged with a bailable offence. The test adopted by that court was whether the material placed before the court was "such as to lead to the conclusion that there is a strong prima facie case that if the accused were to be allowed to be at large he would tamper with the prosecution witnesses and impede the course of justice". An appeal preferred by the accused against the judgment of the Bombay High Court was dismissed by this Court. In Gurcharan Singh v. State (Delhi Administration) [(1978) 1 SCC 118, 128-29 (Para 28) : 1978 SCC (Cri) 41, 52 (Para 28) : 1978 Cri LJ 129, 137] while confirming the order of the High Court cancelling the bail of the accused, this Court observed that the only question which the court had to consider at that stage was whether "there was prima facie case made out, as alleged, on the statements of the witnesses and on other materials", that "there was a likelihood of the appellants tampering with the prosecution witnesses". It is by the application of this test that we have come to the conclusion that the respondent's bail ought to be cancelled."

41. Now coming to the question of determining the sufficiency and insufficiency of evidence or materials, let me have a short survey of the evidence and materials surfaced in course of investigation to determine whether a strong prima facie case has been made out against the accused-persons or not.

Page 31 of 41

42. I have perused the statement of Kishore Kumar Pal and Basu Kar recorded under Section 161 and 164(5) of CrPC. Both of them gave vivid description how the murder of Budhisatta Das, the deceased herein was caused.

43. Kishore Kumar Pal has stated that Budhisatta and one of his friends were taking beer. At about 1200 hrs., they were in front of Sharada Medical Agency. After 5/6 minutes, one of the accused-person, namely, Sukanta Biswas had arrived there with a white colour Maruti vehicle. The said Sukanta Biswas got down from the vehicle and started to urinate in front of a shop on the main road. The said Kishore Kumar Pal requested Sukanta Biswas, one of the accused- person not to urinate in front of the shop but to urinate nearby a drain. Being annoyed, the said Sukanta Biswas had scolded the witness Kishore Kumar Pal. In the meanwhile, two accused-persons came with a vehicle. He has been able to identify two persons, who are Sumit Chowdhury, S/o Sri Sishir Kanti Chowdhury, proprietor of Kalika Jewellers and another Sumit Banik. At that time, Budhisatta Das had gone forward and talked with Sukanta Biswas, Sumit Chowdhury and Sumit Banik. When there was altercation between them, at that time, the said witness tried to persuade Budhisatta, but nobody was in a mood to hear him. First, there was scuffling between Budhisatta and Sukanta Biswas when Sumit Chowdhury and Sumit Banik also came and participated in the said scuffling. Ultimately, the said three persons have assaulted Budhisatta. The said witness had tried to stop such Page 32 of 41 untoward incident but within a short while Omar Sharif @ Sueb had arrived at the place with a Scooty. One of the accused-person had informed Sueb that Budhisatta had assaulted „Sir‟ Sukanta Biswas. Thereafter all the accused- persons mercilessly had assaulted „Budhisatta‟ with sharp weapon injuring him at various vital parts of his person. At that time, Sueb also tried to assault, the said eye witness. However, Basu Kar had asked Sueb not to do that. Sueb had threatened them to leave the place. All the persons have left the place keeping Budhisatta on the road. The said witness Basu Kar also has left the place. Thereafter, being anxious about the condition of Budhisatta, they again returned back to the place at 0120 hrs. But out of fear, they are not in a position to do anything and had returned to their house. After returning back to home, the said witness informed the matter to the mother and after a short while, he again came to the place but Budhisatta was not found there and he came to understand that someone had taken Budhisatta to Hospital. The said witness has stated that he could recognise all the four persons and in future also he would recognise them.

Another eye witness, Basu Kar has stated in his statement recorded under Section 161 and 164(5) of CrPC that at 1200 hrs. He was closing his pan shop. He also had again vividly described of the incident as described by Kishore Pal.

Page 33 of 41

44. Thereafter, FIR was lodged by mother of the Budhisatta. In course of investigation, the investigating officer arrested Sumit Chowdhury, who disclosed the names of other two members but not the name of Omar Sharif @ Sueb. The two accused-persons, namely, Sumit Banik and Sukanta Biswas had surrendered before the police station. On interrogation, none of the accused-persons has disclosed anything regarding stabbing. They were arrested. Later on Omar Sharif, the accused-person was also arrested by police. During the interrogation, Omar Sharif had made disclosure statement which was recorded in presence of one Magistrate, namely, Rinku Reang, DCM, Sadar. The wearing apparels of Omar Sharif were recovered from the house of examined witness Uma Saha. Uma Saha had given a statement in that regard. On the basis of disclosure statement weapon used in the offence was seized. After preparing proper seizure list, the wearing apparels were sent to forensic laboratory for examination. At the time of recovery of weapon of offence as per the disclosure statement of the Omar Sharif, the Executive Magistrate and other independent witnesses were also present. The investigating officer also had recorded the statement of Executive Magistrate.

45. In the hospital, Budhisatta, the deceased was able to disclose the names of the persons who assaulted and caused injuries to his person. On query made by police official, the Doctor opined as follows:-

Page 34 of 41

"As per order on the Medical Superintendent of AGMC and GBP hospital and requisition of S.I of police, West Agartala, P.S., I hereby stated that the injuries found over the Body of Budhisatta, thus, who was admitted of Trauma Care Centre on 04.08.2019 at 1.43 A.M. (Adm, Reg, No.1528) was deep cut injuries. This type of injuries can be caused by sharp weapons. The weapon which you send via the police person is a sharp weapon. So, the injuries of Budhisatta thus may be caused by this type of sharp weapon."

46. A prayer was made to record the dying declaration of Budhisatta. Rakesh Das, one constable in his statement made under Section 161 of CrPC stated that when Budhisatta was taken to Hospital, one Assistant Sub-Inspector, West Agartala Police Station, Bipul Debnath was talking to Budhisatta and entire conversation was recorded by him. The deceased informed that he was assaulted by four persons. The said conversation was also video-graphed which was taken into evidence, being duly certified under Section 65(b) of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. Samir Barman, one constable who was posted as DAR(District Armed Reserved) A.D. Nagar has stated in regard to certification of the recording. It is further pertinent here that the deceased has given dying declaration as per requisition made by the investigating officer disclosing the names of the accused- persons who caused injuries to his persons. In his dying declaration, Budhisatta has specifically stated that four persons have assaulted him by sharp cutting weapons. Page 35 of 41

47. As per the SFSL report, it is transpired that the weapon of offence recovered as per the disclosure statement of arrested accused-person, Omar Sharif @ Sueb was used for stabbing the victim Budhisatta Das. The SFSL report clearly corroborated the same.

48. In this backdrop, in my considered view, there are sufficient prima facie evidence against the complicity of the accused-persons behind the murder of deceased-Budhisatta. Now, I have given my thoughtful consideration to the submission of the learned Sr. Counsel for the accused-persons that there is no chance of absconsion or to threaten or to win over the witness and there is no chance of tampering the evidences, vis-à-vis, the submission of learned P.P., strenuously arguing in favour of strong probability of fleeing away or tampering the witnesses and evidence on record if they are released on bail.

49. The learned Sr. Counsel for the accused-persons has relied upon the decision of this Court in case of Union of India vs. Indrajit Das(supra), where this Court relying upon the case of Manjit Prakash(supra) finally arrived at a finding that following eventualities are to be kept in mind while considering the application for cancellation of bail.

This Court at para-8 of the case of Indrajit(Supra) has observed that:-

"8. According to me, after perusal of the observations made above and the principles laid down by the Apex Page 36 of 41 Court, the same principles can be applied in this case also. In the instant case, the petitioner could not show that the accused-respondent after being enlarged on bail -
i. Has misused his liberty by indulging in similar criminal activity;
ii. Interfered with the course of investigation; iii. Attempted to tamper with the evidence or witnesses;
iv. Threatened the witnesses or indulged in similar activities which would hamper smooth investigation;
v. There is likelihood of his fleeing to another country;
vi. Attempted to make himself scarce by going underground or becoming unavailable to the investigating agency;
vii. Attempted to place himself beyond the reach of his surety, etc."

50. Bearing in mind the ratio as propounded by the present case is necessary to be examined. In the instant case, from the case dairy it is revealed that the witnesses are under serious threat. In one note of the case dairy dated 27.08.2019, it is revealed that "Myself received secret source information that some persons are trying to influence the eye witnesses in c/w the case and due to this they are very much tense. For which they do not even approach to the police. It is noted here that the arrested A/Ps are very much influential persons and the arrested A/P Omar Sharif @ Sueb is a habitual criminal. It is mentioned here that after death of the victim in c/w the instant case eye witnesses are feeling Page 37 of 41 very much tense but due to fear they cannot express their views. From the secret source it is learnt that the witnesses fears(sic) if the a/ps gets bail they will not spare them".

51. In an application for cancellation of bail the prosecution has to establish its case by showing preponderance of probabilities that the accused has attempted to threat or tamper the prosecution witnesses and not to establish the case beyond reasonable doubt which is necessarily the mandate of criminal justice delivery system.

52. Thus in the instant case, this Court finds that the eyewitnesses are under serious threat. There is also an observation made by the investigating officer that if the accused-person, namely, Omar Sharif is released on bail, there is every chance of his absconsion to Bangladesh to escape the trial. Besides Omar Sharif, the accused-persons, namely Sumit Chowdhury and Sumit Banik, hail from a very affluent family and the accused-person, namely, Sukanta Biswas himself is a Sub-Inspector of Police and needless to say, how powerful he is. Contrary thereto, the eyewitness, Basu Kar only owned a small pan shop. In Indian Criminal Justice Delivery System, there is no well-recognised mechanism to protect safety and security of the witnesses who are substantially related to justice delivery system. The Apex Court and various Courts in our country, time and again have observed that a witness can easily be owned over for Page 38 of 41 various reasons, either under threat or by way of pressure by highly powerful person/persons for monetary gain.

53. I have noticed the order dated 11.11.2019 wherein the Addl. Sessions Judge, while rejecting the bail application, has observed that there are sufficient evidence/materials available in the final reports which, point towards the hypothesis of involvement of the accused-persons in committing murder of a Bank Manager in the heart of the City of Agartala. The learned Sessions Judge has further observed that the alleged offence can be said to be serious in nature and considering all aspects, the learned Sessions Judge, thought it inappropriate to grant bail to the accused-persons.

54. There is no reason to disagree with the said observation of the learned Addl. Sessions Judge. In the instant case, I find that the three accused-persons, namely Sumit Chowdhury, Sumit Banik and Sukanta Biswas had tried to suppress the evidence and initially, did not disclose the name of Omar Sharif as one of the assailants. Further, the weapon of offence and the wearing apparels of one of the accused-respondents were recovered on the basis of disclosure statement and based on interrogatories. Budhisatta, the deceased during his dying declaration has specifically disclosed the names of the accused-persons behind the cause of his sustaining severe injuries. The said dying declaration is well supported and corroborated by two eyewitnesses fortified by disclosure statement and electronic Page 39 of 41 evidence. That apart, I find sufficient materials to come to a finding that the two eye-witnesses are under serious threat. They are already tensed and finally, in my opinion, considering the overall circumstances and the status of the accused-persons and the eye-witnesses, it would not be justified or conducive to release the accused-persons on bail for free and fair trial which is the ultimate goal of rendering justice. At this stage, this Court should not enter into further details of the case and I refrain myself from making any further comments on the merit of the case. Impugned orders dated 03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019 passed by the learned Sessions Judge in connection with case No.ST (T-1) 103 of 2019 arising out of the West Agartala P.S. Case No. 2019 WAG 172 granting bail to the accused-persons are liable to be interfered with. The said orders passed by the learned Addl. Sessions Judge are not sustainable and suffer from the vice of non-application of mind rendering the said orders to be illegal for the reason that the learned trial Judge proceeded on some irrelevant materials on record without regard to the provision of Section 173(8) of CrPC. Learned trial Judge also failed to discharge his obligation and duty to take into account the evidence and other material circumstances and consequential impact affecting upon the prosecution case for granting of such bail and he completely lost sight of the basic principles of granting bail in a crime of this nature.

55. After due consideration of the entire episode and other ancillary circumstances, being prima facie, satisfied with Page 40 of 41 the overwhelming corroborative evidence, substantially supported by other materials brought on record, the severity and gravity of the offence coupled with reasonable apprehensions of causing threat or tampering/influencing the witnesses, I deem it appropriate to cancel the impugned orders granting bail to the accused-respondents.

56. The learned Court below also has fixed a specific date for faming of charge. There is no prayer before the Court for "re-investigation" or "fresh investigation" or "de novo investigation" in the case in hand. Be that as it may, I direct the learned trial Court to frame charge in accordance with law on the next date and dispose of the case as expeditiously as possible, preferably within a period of six months from the date of the receipt of the copy of this order. The accused- respondents are directed to appear before the trial Court on all dates as fixed by learned trial Court and will assist the Court to complete the trial within the said period. I further direct that the accused-respondents are at liberty to file fresh application for bail before trial Court. Needless to say, that, if such applications are filed, the trial Court will consider the same on its own merit, untramelled by any of the observation made by this Court.

57. In the result, the impugned orders dated 03.12.2019 and 04.12.2019, passed by the learned Addl. Session Judge in connection with the West Agartala P.S. Case No. 2019 WAG 172, granting bail to the accused-respondents, Page 41 of 41 are set aside and quashed. Consequently, both the aforesaid petitions preferred by the State of Tripura praying for cancellation of said impugned bail orders are allowed. Further, I make it clear that observations touching the merits of the case against the accused are purely for the purpose of deciding the question of grant of bail.

58. In view of above order passed by this Court, the accused-persons are committed to custody.

59. With the above observation and direction, the instant criminal petitions stand disposed.

JUDGE