Gujarat High Court
Pramodkumar Singh @ Pramod Singh S/O ... vs State Of Gujarat on 20 August, 2025
Author: Nirzar S. Desai
Bench: Nirzar S. Desai
NEUTRAL CITATION
R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
R/CRIMINAL MISC.APPLICATION (FOR QUASHING & SET ASIDE
FIR/ORDER) NO. 7976 of 2022
FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:
HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE NIRZAR S. DESAI
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Approved for Reporting Yes No
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PRAMODKUMAR SINGH @ PRAMOD SINGH S/O KRISHNABIHARI SINGH
(SISODIYA)
Versus
STATE OF GUJARAT & ANR.
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Appearance:
MR ASHISH M DAGLI with ABHISHEK KHUMAN (2203) for the Applicant(s)
No. 1
MR ABHIJEET J SINGH(12073) for the Respondent(s) No. 2
MR ABHISHEK H AHUJA(12135) for the Respondent(s) No. 2
MR KRUTIK PARIKH APP for the Respondent(s) No. 1
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CORAM:HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE NIRZAR S. DESAI
Date : 20/08/2025
ORAL JUDGMENT
1. Heard the Learned Advocate for the petitioner, learned APP for the state and and Learned Advocate for the original complainant-respondent No.2. By way of this petition, the petitioner has prayed for quashing and setting aside the FIR being C.R. No. 11191008220148 of 2022 filed on dated 23.01.2022 before Chandkheda Police Station, Ahmedabad City under Sections 305 of IPC and Section 3(2)(V-a) of the Schedule Cast and Schedule Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
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2. As per the FIR filed by one Rajesh Govindbhai Verma, he has a son and a daughter. The son is 16 years old, named Krish, and on the 22nd of January, 22, when the complainant was on leave, at that time at around 12:30, his son Krish told him that he was going out to meet his friend and went along with his bicycle, and at around 3:30 in the afternoon, the phone of his wife Asmita rang, which was showing an unknown number, and therefore the phone was given to the complainant by his wife, and the complainant found the present applicant to be on the other side, who told the complainant whether he is speaking to the father of Krish and that he wanted to meet the complainant, therefore the complainant told him, "For what he wanted to meet?" and in reply, the present applicant told the complainant that the reason will be told at the time where he would meet him, and therefore the complainant asked him to meet at night, and in view of the above conversation, as the complainant, suspecting something, called his son on his mobile number and told him that one Pramod Singh had called and wanted to meet him at night, therefore his son Krish started feeling down and low, and therefore the complainant along with his wife went to the place where his son was present at that point of time along with his friends Kuldeep and relative Jimmy. Ultimately, the complainant came to know that he was in love with one girl named Shraddha, and for that reason the father of the girl used to call Krish and used to threaten him and kept telling him not to continue with the relationship with his daughter, and therefore his mobile number was put under the block list, the mobile number was blocked by Krish. Upon knowing that, looking to the age of the son of the complainant, Krish, he Page 2 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined was sent to a relative's residence for a day and the complainant dispersed from the place, and on the same day thereafter at night, when the complainant was out, he received a phone call from his daughter who informed him that his son Krish was not opening the door of his room, and ultimately upon reaching home when the complainant reached the spot and broke open the door, he found his son Krish hanging with the ceiling fan and has committed suicide. Then after, he was taken to hospital and he was declared dead. Accordingly an FIR was registered by the complainant on 23rd January 2022 under Sections 305 of IPC and Section 3(2)(V-a) of the Schedule Cast and Schedule Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. Thereafter the present petitioner pursuant to registration of FIR was arrested and after the charge sheet was filed, he was enlarged on bail and thereafter this petition was preferred seeking quashing of the FIR and all consequential proceedings.
3. When the matter was listed before the Coordinate Bench for admission on 28th April 2022, the Coordinate Bench of this Court passed the following order;
Leave to amend in the prayer clause is granted.
2. The applicant has prayed for quashing of the FIR being C.R.No.11191008220148/2022 registered with Chandkheda Police Station, Ahmedabad, for the offence under Sections 305 of IPC and Section 3(2)(v-a) of the Atrocities Act.
3. The applicant has been granted bail by this Court. A Page 3 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined coordinate Bench of this Court while granting regular bail to the applicant vide order dated 31.03.2022, observed as under:-
"Having considered the facts of the case and submissions made by learned advocates appearing for the respective parties and learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the respondent -State and perusing the case papers produced on record, it appears that offence was registered against the present appellant with the Chandkheda Police Station. Further, it appears that only on the day of incident, appellant came to know about love affair about his daughter and deceased boy Krish . If we refer the statement of the victim namely Kavya, as per police affidavit, she was present when appellant had short communication with the deceased in presence of 10 other people. It appears that deceased had called namely Kavya on instagram and she had given her cell phone to the present appellant to talk with the deceased . Appellant had talked with the deceased as he asked him to come home if he wanted to have any discussion with Shraddha regarding the exam and solving the question papers. It appears that this witness was the friend of the deceased and daughter of the present appellant. From the statement of this witness, it appears that there is no single word uttered by the appellant to the deceased boy through which incorporate under Section 107 in connection with Section 305 of Indian Penal Code and Section 3(2)(5-A) of the Atrocities Act. If we refer FIR as well as affidavit filed by Investigating officer, nothing is Page 4 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined shown that in any of the documents that appellant uttered any words against the caste or community of the deceased or abused him or complainant or used abusive words in front of them or the deceased boy has not left any suicide note after him. As per submission made by learned advocate for the appellant, there are four members in his family and all of them are permanently residing at address given in the cause title in this appeal. There is no criminal history pointed out by the prosecution against the appellant. Further, it appears that appellant is a Government employee since last 25 years therefore he would never flee from the Court of justice."
4. In view of the above, matter deserves consideration. Hence, Rule, returnable on 27.09.2022. Mr. Manan Mehta, ld. APP waives Rule for the respondent State. Meanwhile and till the returnable date, ad-interim relief in terms of para 24 (c) is granted."
4. Since, the Rule was issued and relief was granted vide order dated 28th April 2022, the matter remained pending, and today, with the consent of the parties, the matter has been heard finally.
5. Learned Advocate appearing for the petitioner submitted that there was only one phone call from the present applicant whereby he could speak to deceased Krish through the mobile phone of Kavya, as Kavya happens to be the common friend of deceased Krish and the girl in whose love he was, namely Page 5 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined Shraddha. As per the statements of about ten persons, it has come on record that during the said call, the present applicant, who is the father of Shraddha, questioned Krish as to where they had gone and what they were doing, and further stated that if the intention was to solve papers, the same could have been done at home and there was no need to go out for that.
5.1. According to learned advocate for the petitioner, this was the only direct conversation between the deceased person and the present applicant and the aforesaid communication cannot be termed as a threat. Considering the fact that the deceased boy was also a teenager and out of fear of his family members he must have felt that they would scold him, and he has committed suicide, and therefore if the father of a teenage daughter, upon finding that his daughter is having a relationship with a teenage boy, gives a piece of advice to the boy to stop having a relationship with his daughter, the same cannot be termed as instigation or engaging into any conspiracy or an act of illegal omission or something which can be said to have been done intentionally, and there are no ingredients of Section 107 of IPC which can be said to have been fulfilled, and as such, the offence under Section 305 IPC cannot be said to have been made out.
5.2. Further, Learned advocate for the petitioner also submitted that from the statement of witnesses, as can be seen from the charge sheet papers, the present applicant has not made any derogatory remarks about the caste or community of the deceased boy, and therefore, the offence under the Section Page 6 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined 3(2)(V-a) of the Schedule Cast and Schedule Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act also cannot be said to have been made out.
5.3. Learned advocate Mr. Dagli submitted that it is expected of every father that upon knowing that his young teenage daughter is having some love affair with a boy, the father would always prefer to give a piece of advice to the concerned boy to stop the love affair and focus on career, and the same cannot be termed as instigation or abetment in the offence under Section 305 of IPC.
5.4. Learned advocate for the petitioner relied upon a decision of this Court dated 27th June 2022 in Criminal Miscellaneous Application No. 19305 of 2020 in the case of Sanjay Kanakmal Agrawal v. State of Gujarat. By relying upon paragraphs 8 to 14 thereof, learned advocate for the petitioner submitted that since the ingredients of Section 107 IPC are not fulfilled, and considering the fact that the only material against the present applicant is that he had only called the deceased person twice through mobile phone or through a social media app.
5.5. According to learned advocate for the petitioner, the other version in respect of the involvement of the present applicant in the offence in question has come from witness Jimmy, whose statement indicates that it was the deceased person who told Jimmy that the present applicant had called him and asked him not to continue the relationship with his daughter, failing which he would see that he is rusticated from the school and that his career would be ruined and he would kill him, and said call also was made on the same day.
Page 7 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined According to learned advocate, merely by uttering such words would not compel a person to commit suicide. Further, learned advocate submitted that the intentions of the present applicant were very clear, as he just wanted to protect his young daughter from falling in love in teenage and not to spoil his life and career, and the same was an act of a protective father and therefore the same cannot be termed as instigation to commit suicide or abetment to commit suicide.
5.6. Learned advocate for the petitioner further submitted that it was a natural action on the part of any father of a teenage daughter to advise the boy to go out of the life of his teenage daughter, and more particularly when the present applicant had also spoken to the father, the original complainant of the victim, the deceased boy, and he was to meet him at night to resolve the issue amicably, such allegations against the present applicant are absolutely misplaced, and more particularly when the charge sheet is filed and the only piece of evidence against the present applicant is that he called the deceased boy twice to stop having an affair with his daughter. Such protective parental act cannot be termed as instigation or abetment as per Section 107 of IPC and therefore the entire FIR registered on the basis of two phone calls cannot be said to have made out the offence in question, and therefore the present petition is required to be allowed by quashing and setting aside the impugned FIR and all consequential proceedings.
6. Learned advocate for the petitioner has relied upon the decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Ayyub and Others v. State of Uttar Pradesh and Another, dated Page 8 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined 07.02.2025. By placing reliance upon paragraphs 19, 20 and 21 thereof, he submitted that the Hon'ble Supreme Court has observed that the alleged harassment meted out should have left the victim with no other alternative, but to put an end to her, to his life and that in cases of abetment of suicide, there must be proof of direct or indirect act of incitement to commit suicide. By making aforesaid observations, learned advocate has prayed for allowing the present petition by quashing and setting aside the impugned FIR and all consequential proceedings arising therefrom.
7. Learned advocate appearing for the original complainant, though vehemently opposed the petition, could not point out any material from the charge sheet papers which would indicate that the phone call made by the present petitioner had an effect which would compel the deceased boy to commit suicide or leave him with no other option but to commit suicide
8. Learned APP also vehemently opposed the petition and submitted that it is the two phone calls made by the present applicant which had made the difference between the life and death of the deceased, and he submitted that it is on the basis of the phone calls of the present applicant that the deceased boy committed suicide. However, pursuant to a query from the Court, learned APP was fair enough in stating that there was no suicide note found from the scene of offence either at the time when the suicide was committed or later on during the course of investigation. However, he submitted that as the petitioner had threatened the teenage boy, it was on account Page 9 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined of his phone calls and the fear that his life would be spoiled and he would be rusticated, that the boy committed suicide, and therefore the present petitioner be asked to face the trial and this Court may not exercise its discretionary powers under Section 482 of CrPC to quash the FIR and all consequential proceedings arising out of the FIR, and he prayed for dismissal of the petition.
9. I have heard the learned advocates for the parties and perused the record.
10. On perusal of the record, I found that on the date of the incident, i.e. on 22nd January, 2022, it is an undisputed fact that the deceased person, who was allegedly in love with the daughter of the present applicant, had called the friend of the daughter of the present applicant, and as he could not talk to her, he contacted her friend, and upon conveying the message through her friend, ultimately they met and went to a park. The aforesaid incident came to the knowledge of the parents of the girl, and as the present applicant happens to be the father of the minor teenage girl, he called up the father of the boy and showed his willingness to meet him and he was supposed to meet him at night. In the meantime, the father of the deceased boy also called the deceased boy, and as per the FIR itself, the father of the deceased boy, who was the first informant, found the boy low in spirit, and therefore when he went to meet the boy, the boy was with his friends and relative, and a friend of the deceased boy, Kuldeep, took assurance from the first informant that he would not scold the deceased boy.
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11. It is at that time it was revealed that the deceased boy was in love with the daughter of the present applicant and that the present applicant used to call the deceased boy often and used to threaten him not to continue the relationship with the daughter of the present applicant, otherwise he would be rusticated from the school and his career would be spoiled. On the same day, as per the case of the prosecution, there were two phone calls made by the present applicant, one through a social media app which was made to the common friend of the deceased boy and the daughter of the present applicant, and through that call the present applicant could speak to the deceased boy, wherein he asked about where they had gone and if they were to solve the papers, then there was no need to go out and this could have been done at the residence as well. As per the other call, about which the deceased had stated to one of the witnesses, Jimmy, the deceased told Jimmy that he was threatened by the present applicant that if he continued to be in relationship with his daughter, he would be rusticated from the school and his life would be spoiled. However, except the aforesaid version which is termed as a threat, there is nothing on record to indicate that the present applicant has said anything else to the deceased person or has done anything in furtherance of the above words which has led the deceased boy to commit suicide, and therefore what is required to be considered by the Court would be that whether the aforesaid words uttered by the present applicant can be said to be an abetment under Section 107 of IPC or not. Section 305 read with Section 107 of IPC reads as under;
305. Abetment of suicide of child or insane person.--
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107. Abetment of a thing.--
A person abets the doing of a thing, who--
First.--Instigates any person to do that thing; or Secondly.--Engages with one or more other person or persons in any conspiracy for the doing of that thing, if an act or illegal omission takes place in pursuance of that conspiracy, and in order to the doing of that thing; or Thirdly.--Intentionally aids, by any act or illegal omission, the doing of that thing.
12. The Hon'ble Supreme Court, in the case of Ayub and Others (supra), in paragraphs 19, 20 and 21, has observed as under;
"19. By a long line of judgments, this Court has reiterated that in order to make out an offence under Section 306 IPC, specific abetment as contemplated by Section 107 IPC on the part of the accused with an intention to bring about the suicide of the person concerned as a result of that abetment is required. It has been further held that the intention of the accused to aid or instigate or to abet the deceased to commit suicide is Page 12 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined a must for attracting Section 306 IPC [See Madan Mohan Singh vs. State of Gujarat and Another, (2010) 8 SCC 628]. Further, the alleged harassment meted out should have left the victim with no other alternative but to put an end to her life and that in cases of abetment of suicide there must be proof of direct or indirect acts of incitement to commit suicide [See Amalendu Pal alias Jhantu vs. State of West Bengal, (2010) 1 SCC 707 and M. Mohan vs. State, (2011) 3 SCC 626 and Ramesh Kumar vs. State of Chhattisgarh, (2001) 9 SCC 618].
20. These principles have been reiterated recently by this Court in Mahendra Awase vs. The State of Madhya Pradesh, 2025 INSC 76.
21. We find none of the ingredients required in law to make out a case under Section 306 IPC to be even remotely mentioned in the charge-sheet or are being borne out from the material on record. The utterance attributed to the appellants assuming it to be true cannot be said to be of such a nature as to leave the deceased Tanu with no other alternative but to put an end to her life. The surrounding circumstances, particularly the prior lodgment of the FIR by the first appellant against the family of Tanu for the death of his son Ziaul Rahman, does indicate an element of desperation on the part of the respondent no. 2 to somehow implicate the appellants. Reliance of the statements recorded under Section 161 Cr.P.C. belatedly on 07.11.2022, 08.11.2022 and 22.11.2022, only reinforces out suspicion viz. one-Page 13 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025
NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined sided, partial and inimical investigation. Under these circumstances, proceeding with the trial against the appellants in the charge-sheet as filed will be a gross abuse of process."
13. If the incident which has culminated into registration of FIR is considered in light of Section 107 of IPC, read with the decision in the case of Ayub (supra), and more particularly when there are witnesses who have stated in their statements that all that was stated by the present applicant over phone to the deceased boy was to end the relationship with his teenage daughter failing which he would be rusticated from the school and his life would be spoiled and he would be killed, the aforesaid aspect is also required to be seen from the fact, which has not been highlighted by learned advocate for the complainant but which is coming forward from the investigation papers as well as from the FIR, that the present applicant had also called the father of the deceased boy, who was the first informant, and shown his desire to meet him at night, which would indicate that the intention of the present applicant was to ensure that the life of young teenage lovers may not get spoiled on account of their infatuation for each other and that he wanted the relationship between them to be ended looking to their age. Therefore, I have also considered the fact that had the intention of the present applicant been to harm the deceased boy, he would not have called his father and shown any desire to meet him. It is a natural reaction of a father of a teenage girl that when he finds that his daughter is in love with some boy and the girl is not even major, any protective father would take some reasonable steps to see that Page 14 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined the young hearts may not do anything wrong under the pretext of love, and therefore calling the boy and warning him to end the relationship or calling his parent and showing desire to meet him can certainly not be termed as any act of instigation or abetment that is required to be seen as a natural reaction from the father of a teenage daughter. As we are all aware of the fact that on account of excessive use of social media platforms, day in and day out we are coming across incidents, most of them unfortunate, happening on account of getting in touch with each other through social media and thereby spoiling the life and career of so many teenagers who think that they are in love but it may not always be a case of love affair but mere infatuation itself, and therefore if a vigilant and protective father of a young daughter, like the present petitioner, has called the boy or his father, the same can certainly not be termed as instigation or abetment in committing suicide, that is required to be seen as a natural reaction of a father of a teenage girl.
14. In view of the above, and considering the observations made by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in paragraph 19 of the judgment in the case of Ayub (supra), wherein it has been held that the alleged harassment made out should be such that it can be said that it did not leave the victim with any other alternative but to put an end to his life, and that in the case of abetment of suicide there must be proof of a direct or indirect act of incitement to commit suicide. In the instant case, even before the present applicant could meet the father of the deceased boy, the boy committed suicide, and of course that is an unfortunate incident, but for that the present Page 15 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined applicant cannot be held responsible for the same in view of the observations made by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Ayub (supra) as well as the language of Sections 107 and 305 of the IPC.
15. Further, the FIR as well as all other charge sheet papers also would not disclose anything on the basis of which the court can come to the conclusion that the circumstances were such that it had led to a situation where the deceased boy had no other option but to commit suicide. Therefore, when the requirement of Section 107 of IPC read with Section 305 of IPC is not fulfilled, no case under Section 305 of IPC can be said to have been made out against the present applicant in view of lack of material to arraign him as an accused for an offence under Section 305 of IPC.
16. The Section 3(2)(va) in The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 reads as under;
(va) commits any offence specified in the Schedule, against a person or property, knowing that such person is a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe or such property belongs to such member, shall be punishable with such punishment as specified under the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) for such offences and shall also be liable to fine;
17. As far as the offence under Section 3(2)(v-a) of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act is concerned, even that offence cannot be said Page 16 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025 NEUTRAL CITATION R/CR.MA/7976/2022 JUDGMENT DATED: 20/08/2025 undefined to have been made out simply for the reason that from the reading of the FIR or the charge-sheet papers, it does not come out that the present applicant has abused the deceased boy about his caste or community. All throughout, it is the case of the prosecution that there was no direct conversation between the present applicant and the deceased boy or the complainant, and that all communications, whether with the complainant or with the deceased boy, were telephonic. Such conversation does not satisfy the requirement of being in public view, as it can be said to be private between two persons. Therefore, the ingredients of the relevant provisions of the Atrocities Act are not fulfilled and no offence under Section 3(2)(v-a) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act can be said to have been made out.
18. Accordingly, the present petition deserves to be allowed and is hereby allowed. The impugned FIR dated 23.01.2022 being C.R. No. 11191008220148 of 2022 registered with Chandkheda Police Station, Ahmedabad for the offences punishable under Section 305 of IPC and Section 3(2)(v-a) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act is hereby quashed and set aside qua the applicant. Resultantly, all proceedings arising out of the aforesaid FIR are also quashed and set aside qua against the applicant. Rule is made absolute. No order as to costs. Direct service is permitted.
(NIRZAR S. DESAI,J) BHAVIN MEHTA Page 17 of 17 Uploaded by BHAVINKUMAR DEVENDRABHAI MEHTA(HCW0108) on Tue Aug 26 2025 Downloaded on : Tue Aug 26 21:31:09 IST 2025